Electrical machine for a motor vehicle, and motor vehicle

Abstract

The invention relates to an electrical machine (1), comprising a housing (2), comprising a stator (3) having a laminated core (4) and having a winding (9) that has a winding head (10, 11), and comprising a channel arrangement (12) through which a temperature control medium is able to flow, wherein the channel arrangement (12) has at least two temperature control channels (13, 14) that are at least partially separated from one another, through which the temperature control medium is able to flow and that are delimited outwardly in the radial direction of the electrical machine (1) by the housing (2) and are delimited inwardly in the radial direction of the electrical machine (1) by the laminated core (4). Provision is made for a supply channel (15) that is common to the temperature control channels (13, 14), through which the temperature control medium is able to flow and that is delimited outwardly in the radial direction of the electrical machine (1) by the housing (2) and is delimited inwardly in the radial direction of the electrical machine (1) by the laminated core (4) and via which the temperature control medium is able to be supplied to the temperature control channels (13, 14).

Description

[0001] Electrical machine for a motor vehicle and motor vehicle

[0002] The invention relates to an electrical machine for a motor vehicle, in particular for a motor vehicle, according to the preamble of patent claim 1. Furthermore, the invention relates to a motor vehicle with at least one such electrical machine.

[0003] DE 102018203939 A1 discloses a stator for an electrical machine. CN 102204062 B discloses an electrical machine. Furthermore, US 8648 505 B2 discloses an electrical machine. Furthermore, JP 5121833 B2 discloses a stator for an electrical machine.

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide an electric machine for a motor vehicle and a motor vehicle with at least one such electric machine, so that a particularly advantageous temperature control, i.e. cooling and / or heating of the electric machine, can be realized.

[0005] This object is achieved according to the invention by an electric machine having the features of patent claim 1 and by a motor vehicle having the features of patent claim 10. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims.

[0006] A first aspect of the invention relates to an electric machine for a motor vehicle, also simply referred to as a vehicle. This means that the motor vehicle, preferably designed as a motor vehicle, in particular as a passenger car, in its fully manufactured state has the electric machine and can be driven by means of the electric machine, in particular purely electrically. The electric machine is preferably a high-voltage component whose electrical voltage, in particular operating or rated voltage, is preferably greater than 50 volts, in particular greater than 60 volts, and very preferably amounts to several hundred volts. The electric machine has a housing and a stator. For example, the electric machine also has a rotor, which can be driven by means of the stator and is thus rotatable about a machine axis of rotation relative to the stator.For example, the electric machine, whose axial direction coincides with the machine's axis of rotation, can provide drive torques via the rotor for driving the motor vehicle, in particular purely electrically. The stator has a laminated core arranged in the housing and formed separately from the housing. The laminated core is preferably connected to the housing in a rotationally fixed manner, such that relative rotations between the housing and the laminated core, at least about the machine's axis of rotation, are prevented. The laminated core is preferably also connected to the housing in such a way that relative movements between the laminated core and the housing in the axial direction of the electric machine and thus in a machine's axis of rotation are prevented. Furthermore, the stator has at least one winding. The winding is formed separately from the laminated core and is connected to the laminated core and is thus supported by the laminated core.In particular, the winding is connected to the laminated core in such a way or by at least a partial region of the winding being wound around the laminated core. The winding has at least one winding overhang. For example, the winding has partial regions which, viewed in the axial direction of the electrical machine and thus along the machine rotation axis, protrude from the laminated core, in particular from an axial end face of the laminated core, whereby the partial regions of the winding which protrude from the laminated core, in particular from the axial end face of the laminated core, in the axial direction of the electrical machine form the winding overhang. For example, the axial end face of the laminated core runs in a plane which is perpendicular to the axial direction of the electrical machine, the radial direction of which is perpendicular to the axial direction of the electrical machine.

[0007] The electric machine, whose circumferential direction runs around the machine's rotational axis and thus around the axial direction of the electric machine and extends, for example, in the aforementioned plane, also has a channel arrangement through which a preferably liquid temperature control medium can flow for temperature control, i.e., for cooling and / or heating the stator. The temperature control medium is preferably a component of the electric machine. The temperature control medium is preferably a liquid, in particular an oil.

[0008] In order to be able to realize particularly advantageous temperature control, i.e. cooling and / or heating of the stator and thus of the electrical machine, it is provided according to the invention that the channel arrangement has at least two temperature control channels that are at least partially separate from one another and through which the temperature control medium can flow. The feature that the temperature control channels are at least partially separated from one another is to be understood as meaning that, for example, a first mass flow of the temperature control medium can flow through a first of the temperature control channels and a second mass flow of the temperature control medium can flow through a second of the temperature control channels, in particular without the mass flows mixing with one another. In particular, it is conceivable for the temperature control channels to be separated from one another over their respective, at least predominant extent or length.As will be explained in more detail below, the stator can be tempered, i.e. cooled and / or heated, using the tempering medium via the tempering channels.

[0009] The temperature control channels are delimited outwards in the radial direction of the electrical machine, in particular directly, by the housing, which is also referred to as the central housing or is designed as a central housing, so that, for example, the temperature control medium directly contacts the housing, in particular an inner circumferential surface of the housing, on its way through the respective temperature control channel. For example, the inner circumferential surface of the housing points inwards in the radial direction of the electrical machine, wherein, for example, the respective temperature control channel is delimited outwards in the radial direction of the electrical machine, in particular directly, by the inner circumferential surface of the housing. In the radial direction inwards of the electrical machine, the temperature control channels are delimited, in particular directly, by the laminated core, in particular by an outer circumferential surface of the laminated core.Thus, for example, the temperature control medium directly contacts the laminated core, in particular the outer peripheral surface of the laminated core, on its way through the respective temperature control channel. For example, the outer peripheral surface of the laminated core points outwards in the radial direction of the electric machine. For example, heat can be exchanged between the temperature control medium on its way through the temperature control channel and the laminated core, thus a heat exchange can take place. In order to cool the stator and thus the electric machine using the temperature control medium, for example, the temperature control medium has a lower temperature than the stator, in particular on its way through the respective temperature control channel, so that heat can be transferred from the stator to the temperature control medium.In order to heat the stator using the temperature control medium, for example, the temperature control medium has a higher temperature than the stator, in particular on its path through the respective temperature control channel, so that heat can be transferred from the temperature control medium to the stator. This can heat the stator. The channel arrangement also has a supply channel which is common to the temperature control channels and through which the temperature control medium can flow. The supply channel is delimited in the radial direction of the electrical machine outwards, in particular directly, by the housing, in particular the inner circumferential surface of the housing, and in the radial direction of the electrical machine inwards, in particular directly, by the laminated core, in particular by the outer circumferential surface of the laminated core, via which the temperature control channels can be supplied with the temperature control medium.Thus, the supply channel is arranged upstream of the respective temperature control channel, i.e., upstream of both temperature control channels, in the flow direction of the temperature control medium flowing through the supply channel and the respective temperature control channel, which, for example, flows through the supply channel and the respective temperature control channel in the aforementioned flow direction during operation of the electric machine. In particular, the temperature control channels are thus connected in parallel to one another in terms of flow. Furthermore, the respective temperature control channel is thus connected in series with the supply channel, for example.In particular, it is provided that the respective temperature control channel is directly connected to the supply channel, so that in the flow direction of the temperature control medium flowing through the supply channel and the respective temperature control channel, no other, further channel of the channel arrangement or of the electrical machine as a whole runs between the supply channel and the respective temperature control channel. The respective temperature control channel is fluidically connected to the supply channel, so that the temperature control medium initially flowing through the supply channel can flow out of the supply channel and subsequently into the respective temperature control channel and subsequently flow through the respective temperature control channel. In particular, when the respective temperature control channel is directly connected to the supply channel, the respective temperature control channel branches off directly from the supply channel, so to speak.

[0010] The respective temperature control channel runs obliquely or perpendicularly to the supply channel, so that, for example, the temperature control medium flows in a first direction on its way through the supply channel, and the temperature control medium flows in a second direction on its way through the respective temperature control channel, wherein the second direction runs obliquely or perpendicularly to the first direction. In addition, the respective temperature control channel has, in particular precisely, a respective outlet opening, via which the temperature control medium flowing through the respective temperature control channel can be discharged from the respective temperature control channel and sprayed directly against the winding head. In other words, for example during the aforementioned operation of the electrical machine, the temperature control medium first flows in the first direction through the supply channel, whereupon the temperature control medium flows through the respective temperature control channel in the respective second direction.The temperature control medium flows through the respective outlet opening and thus flows out of the respective temperature control channel and is thereby sprayed directly against the winding head, whereby the winding head can be or is supplied with the temperature control medium. The feature that the temperature control medium can be sprayed out of the respective temperature control channel via the outlet opening and thus sprayed directly against the respective winding head means that the temperature control medium does not touch any other element of the electrical machine on its way from the respective outlet opening to the winding head, but instead, after being sprayed out of the outlet opening and thus out of the temperature control channel, directly contacts the winding head. This allows for advantageous heat exchange between the temperature control medium and the winding head.For example, if the temperature control medium has a higher temperature than the winding head, heat can be transferred from the temperature control medium to the winding head, thereby heating the winding head. If, for example, the temperature control medium has a lower temperature than the winding head, heat can be transferred from the winding head to the temperature control medium, thereby cooling the winding head.

[0011] The respective temperature control channel has at least or exactly two length ranges, namely a respective first length range and a respective second length range. In the flow direction of the temperature control medium flowing through the respective temperature control channel, the respective second length range is arranged downstream of the respective first length range. Preferably, the respective length ranges of the respective temperature control channel directly adjoin one another. This means that, in the flow direction of the temperature control medium flowing through the respective temperature control channel, no other, further length range of the respective temperature control channel extends between the respective length ranges of the respective temperature control channel.Since the respective second length range is arranged downstream of the respective first length range of the respective temperature control channel, the respective second length range can be supplied with the temperature control medium via the respective first length range of the respective temperature control channel. In principle, it would be conceivable for the respective first length range to run in the axial direction of the electrical machine, i.e. parallel to the axial direction and thus parallel to the machine axis of rotation, so that, for example, the respective first length range of the respective temperature control channel runs perpendicular to an extension plane which, for example, runs perpendicular to the axial direction of the electrical machine and thus perpendicular to the machine axis of rotation. Furthermore, it would be conceivable for the extension plane to run obliquely to the axial direction of the electrical machine.When reference is made above and below to the axial direction, this refers to the axial direction of the electrical machine, unless otherwise stated. When reference is made above and below to the radial direction, this refers to the radial direction of the electrical machine, unless otherwise stated.

[0012] The respective second length range of the respective temperature control channel has the respective outlet opening of the respective temperature control channel. Thus, viewed in the flow direction of the temperature control medium flowing through the respective temperature control channel, the respective second length range of the respective temperature control channel and thus the respective temperature control channel as a whole ends at the respective outlet opening of the respective temperature control channel. By means of the respective second length range of the respective temperature control channel, the temperature control medium flowing through the respective temperature control channel can be deflected compared to the respective first length range of the respective temperature control channel and can thus be aligned with the winding head. In other words, for example, in particular during the aforementioned operation of the electrical machine, the temperature control medium flows through the respective first length range in a respective first flow direction on its way through the respective first length range.By means of the respective second longitudinal region, the respective temperature control medium flowing through the respective temperature control channel is redirected so that, for example, particularly during the aforementioned operation of the electrical machine, the temperature control medium, on its way through the respective second longitudinal region, flows through the respective outlet opening of the respective longitudinal region in a second flow direction, which runs obliquely or perpendicular to the first flow direction. Furthermore, the second flow direction, for example, runs along an imaginary straight line, which, for example, runs through the winding head, thus intersecting the winding head. As a result, the temperature control medium, which is sprayed out of the outlet opening and thus sprayed out of the respective temperature control channel via the outlet opening, is sprayed directly against the winding head.This enables particularly effective and efficient temperature control of the winding overhang and thus of the stator and the electrical machine. Since the temperature control medium or its flow is deflected by means of the respective second length range compared to the respective first length range and is thus directed towards the winding overhang, so that the temperature control medium flowing through the respective outlet opening is sprayed directly against the winding overhang, additional, separate, space-consuming and cost-intensive components for deflecting and guiding the temperature control medium can be avoided, so that advantageous temperature control of the winding overhang can be achieved in a particularly lightweight, space-saving and cost-effective manner. In other words, the invention enables particularly advantageous temperature control, also referred to as winding overhang temperature control, i.e. cooling and / or heating of the winding overhang.Overall, the channel arrangement allows the temperature control medium to be guided or directed without additional, separate elements, thus saving space, weight, and cost. The second length range can be used to generate an advantageous jet of temperature control medium, also known as a fluid jet, such that the jet flowing through the respective outlet opening is directed toward the winding head by the second length range and can thus be advantageously sprayed directly against the winding head. This ensures effective and efficient temperature control of the winding head and thus of the electrical machine.

[0013] In order to be able to align the temperature control medium particularly advantageously to the winding head by means of the respective second length range, one embodiment of the invention provides that the respective second length range is machined by cutting, in particular by milling. This means, for example, that in a method for producing the electrical machine, the respective second length range is machined by means of a tool, in particular by means of a milling head, and in the process is machined, for example, by milling. Preferably, a disk milling cutter or a ball milling cutter is used as the milling head, so that, for example, in the method for producing the electrical machine, the respective second length range is machined by means of a disk milling cutter and / or by means of a ball milling cutter and is thereby machined.This allows a particularly advantageous shape of the respective second length range to be produced in a simple, cost-effective manner, so that the temperature control medium can be precisely aligned to the winding head using the respective second length range. Additional guide or deflection elements can thus be avoided.

[0014] For example, at least one respective partial region of the supply channel and / or of the respective temperature control channel is delimited, in particular directly, by a respective first recess in the housing. Alternatively or additionally, for example, at least one respective partial region of the supply channel and / or of the respective temperature control channel is formed by a respective second recess in the laminated core. The respective first recess and / or the respective second recess can be produced, for example, by machining, in particular milling, the housing and / or the winding core or, for example, can be produced using the aforementioned method, so that, for example, the channel arrangement can be manufactured in a time- and cost-effective manner. As a result, the temperature control medium can be guided advantageously and without additional, separate guide elements.For example, the respective recess can be produced by machining such that, for example, the respective recess is produced using a respective side milling cutter and / or a respective ball milling cutter. In other words, the respective recess is milled into the housing or the laminated core, for example, allowing the channel arrangement to be manufactured cost-effectively.

[0015] In order to be able to spray the temperature control medium particularly advantageously against the winding head and thus temperature control the winding head particularly advantageously, a further embodiment of the invention provides that the respective second longitudinal region has a smaller flow cross-section through which the temperature control medium can flow than the respective first longitudinal region. In other words, the respective first longitudinal region has a respective first flow cross-section through which the temperature control medium can flow, and the respective second longitudinal region has a respective second flow cross-section through which the temperature control medium can flow, wherein the second flow cross-section is smaller than the first flow cross-section. As a result, the respective second longitudinal region is or functions as a respective nozzle, since, for example, the respective temperature control channel tapers from the respective first longitudinal region towards the respective second longitudinal region.This allows the tempering agent to be sprayed particularly advantageously against the winding head.

[0016] In a further, particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention, the respective second longitudinal region is curved inward in the radial direction of the electric machine, particularly in an arcuate manner. This allows the temperature control medium to be deflected particularly advantageously, particularly in a particularly streamlined manner, on its path through the respective temperature control channel and subsequently advantageously sprayed against the winding head or aligned with the winding head, thereby achieving particularly advantageous temperature control of the winding head.

[0017] A further embodiment is characterized in that the respective second length region tapers, in particular continuously, toward the respective outlet opening. This allows the respective second length region to form a particularly advantageous jet formed by the tempering agent, which can be advantageously sprayed against the winding head. Thus, the winding head can be advantageously tempered.

[0018] In order to be able to spray the tempering medium particularly advantageously against the winding head and thus to temper the winding head particularly advantageously, it is provided in a further embodiment of the invention that the respective outlet opening of the respective tempering channel is the respective narrowest point of the respective tempering channel through which the respective tempering medium can flow.

[0019] In a further, particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention, the temperature control channels are unevenly distributed in the circumferential direction of the electric machine and thus not arranged equidistant from one another. This allows, for example, an at least substantially homogeneous temperature distribution of the stator to be achieved.

[0020] Alternatively, it would of course be conceivable for the temperature control channels to be evenly distributed in the circumferential direction of the electrical machine and thus arranged equidistant from one another.

[0021] A further embodiment is characterized in that the respective first longitudinal region runs perpendicular to a respective plane that runs obliquely or perpendicularly to the axial direction of the electrical machine. This allows the temperature control medium to be branched off from or to the supply channel and guided to the winding head in a particularly advantageous manner, thus enabling advantageous temperature control of the electrical machine.

[0022] Finally, it has proven particularly advantageous if the supply channel extends completely circumferentially of the electrical machine and is thus closed over 360 degrees, whereby the supply channel is annular, i.e. designed as an annular channel. As a result, the temperature control channels can be supplied with the temperature control medium in a particularly advantageous manner, in particular in a particularly flow-optimized manner, so that particularly advantageous temperature control can be achieved. For example, the supply channel is arranged in the middle of the stator, in particular of a stator seat, viewed in the axial direction of the electrical machine. The supply channel is a filling channel, via which the temperature control channels, which are designed, for example, as axially running tracks, can be advantageously supplied with the temperature control medium.The supply channel and the temperature control channels can be advantageously manufactured using disc milling and / or ball-end milling, eliminating the need for additional, separate elements for conducting the temperature control medium. This allows for a particularly space-saving, weight-saving, and cost-effective design of the electrical machine.

[0023] A second aspect of the invention relates to a motor vehicle, also referred to simply as a vehicle, and preferably designed as a motor vehicle, in particular as a passenger car, which has at least one electric machine according to the first aspect of the invention. Advantages and advantageous embodiments of the first aspect of the invention are to be regarded as advantages and advantageous embodiments of the second aspect of the invention, and vice versa.

[0024] The motor vehicle can be driven by means of the electric machine, in particular purely electrically, so that the motor vehicle is preferably designed as a hybrid vehicle or as an electric vehicle, in particular as a battery electric vehicle (BEV).

[0025] Further details of the invention will become apparent from the following description of a preferred embodiment with the accompanying drawings. In the drawings:

[0026] Fig. 1 is a schematic and sectional side view of an electrical

[0027] machine for a motor vehicle;

[0028] Fig. 2 shows a further schematic and sectioned

[0029] Side view of the electrical machine;

[0030] Fig. 3 shows a partial schematic and sectional front view of the electrical machine; and

[0031] Fig. 4 is a schematic perspective view of a housing of the electrical

[0032] machine; and

[0033] Fig. 5 shows a partial schematic and sectional perspective view of the electrical machine. In the figures, identical or functionally equivalent elements are provided with the same reference numerals.

[0034] Fig. 1 shows a schematic and sectional side view of an electric machine 1 for a motor vehicle, also simply referred to as a vehicle. The electric machine 1 has a housing 2 and a stator 3, which has a laminated core 4 arranged in the housing 2 and formed separately from the housing 2. The electric machine 1 also has a rotor (not shown in the figures), which can be driven by means of the stator 3 and is therefore rotatable relative to the stator 3 and relative to the housing 2 about a machine axis of rotation 5 of the electric machine 1, the axial direction of which coincides with the machine axis of rotation 5. The axial direction of the electric machine 1, the radial direction of which runs perpendicular to the axial direction of the electric machine 1, is illustrated by a double arrow 6. The radial direction of the electric machine 1 is illustrated by a double arrow 7.When reference is made above and below to the axial direction, this means, unless otherwise stated, the axial direction of the electric machine 1. When reference is made above and below to the radial direction, this means, unless otherwise stated, the radial direction of the electric machine 1, the circumferential direction of which runs around the axial direction and thus around the machine axis of rotation 5. The circumferential direction of the electric machine 1 is illustrated by a double arrow 8 and runs in a plane which is perpendicular to the axial direction of the electric machine 1 and thus perpendicular to the machine axis of rotation 5. The electric machine 1 can provide drive torques for driving the motor vehicle, in particular purely electrically, via its rotor.

[0035] The laminated core 4 is formed separately from the housing 2 and is non-rotatably connected to the housing 2, i.e. at least in such a way that relative rotations between the laminated core 4 and the housing 2 about the machine rotation axis 5 are prevented.

[0036] The stator 3 has at least one winding 9, which is formed separately from the laminated core 4 and connected to the laminated core 4 and is thus supported by the laminated core 4. The winding 9 has at least or exactly two winding overhangs, namely a first winding overhang 10 and a second winding overhang 11. It can be seen that the winding overhangs 10 and 11 are arranged on axial end faces AS1 and AS2 of the laminated core 4, which axial end faces point away from one another in the axial direction, such that the winding overhang 10 is arranged on the axial end face AS1 and the winding overhang 11 is arranged on the axial end face AS2. For example, the winding overhang 10 is formed by first partial regions of the winding 9, the first partial regions of which protrude in the axial direction from the axial end face AS1. The winding overhang 11 is formed, for example, by second partial regions of the winding 9 protruding in the axial direction from the axial end face AS2.

[0037] The electric machine 1 also has a channel arrangement 12 through which a preferably liquid temperature control medium can flow for temperature control, i.e., cooling and / or heating, of the stator 3. The temperature control medium is preferably a component of the electric machine 1. The temperature control medium is preferably an oil. Furthermore, it is conceivable that the temperature control medium comprises at least water.

[0038] In order to be able to realize particularly advantageous temperature control of the stator 3 and thus of the electrical machine 1 as a whole, the channel arrangement 12 has, as can be seen particularly well from a combination of Figs. 1 and 4, at least partially separate temperature control channels 13 and 14 through which the temperature control medium can flow. As will be explained in more detail below, the temperature control channels 13 are assigned to the winding head 10, since the winding head 10 can be supplied with the temperature control medium via the temperature control channels 13. The temperature control channels 14 are assigned to the winding head 11, since the winding head 11 can be supplied with the temperature control medium via the temperature control channels 14. It can be seen that the channel arrangement 12 has channel pairs which are arranged successively in the circumferential direction of the electrical machine 1.The respective channel pair has exactly one of the temperature control channels 13 and exactly one of the temperature control channels 14, wherein, for example, the temperature control channels 13 and 14 of the respective channel pair are arranged at the same height when viewed in the circumferential direction of the electrical machine 1. Thus, for example, the respective temperature control channel 13 of the respective channel pair is axially aligned with the respective temperature control channel 14 of the respective channel pair, and vice versa. The temperature control medium can flow through the respective temperature control channel 13, 14. The respective temperature control channel 13, 14 is delimited outwards in the radial direction of the electrical machine 1 directly by the housing 2, in particular an inner circumferential surface M1 of the housing 2. Furthermore, the respective temperature control channel 13, 14 is delimited inwards in the radial direction of the electrical machine 1 directly by the laminated core 4, in particular an outer circumferential surface M2 of the laminated core 4.Thus, on its way through the channel arrangement 12, the temperature control medium touches the jacket surfaces M1 and M2 and thus the housing 2 and the laminated core 4.

[0039] The channel arrangement 12 also has a supply channel 15, which is common to the temperature control channels 13 and 14 and through which the temperature control medium can flow. The supply channel 15 is arranged axially between the respective temperature control channels 13 and 14 of the respective channel pair. The supply channel 15 is fluidly connected to the temperature control channels 13 and 14, so that the temperature control channels 13 and 14 can be supplied with the temperature control medium via the supply channel 15. In the flow direction of the temperature control medium flowing through the channel arrangement 12, which, for example, flows through the channel arrangement 12 in the flow direction during operation of the electrical machine 1, the respective temperature control channel 13, 14 is arranged downstream of the supply channel 15, so that the temperature control medium, on its way through the channel arrangement 12, first flows through the supply channel 15 and then through the respective temperature control channel 13, 14.It can also be seen that the temperature control channels 13 are arranged fluidically parallel to one another and each fluidically serial to the supply channel 15. It can also be seen that the temperature control channels 14 are arranged fluidically parallel to one another and each fluidically serial to the supply channel 15. Furthermore, the respective temperature control channels 13 and 14 of the respective channel pair are fluidically parallel to one another. It can also be seen that the temperature control channels 13 branch off from the supply channel 15 to the winding head 10, so that the temperature control medium can be guided from the supply channel 15 to the winding head 10 via the temperature control channels 13. The tempering channels 14 branch off from the supply channel 15 towards the winding head 11, so that the winding head 11 can be supplied with the tempering medium from the supply channel 15 via the tempering channels 14.

[0040] The supply channel 15 is bounded radially outwardly by the housing 2, in particular by the lateral surface M1. The supply channel 15 is bounded radially inwardly by the laminated core 4, in particular by the lateral surface M2.

[0041] From Fig. 4 it can be seen that in the embodiment shown in the figures, the supply channel 15 is designed as an annular channel which extends completely circumferentially and thus completely closed in the circumferential direction of the electrical machine 1, thus extending over 360 degrees, whereby the supply channel 15 is annular. In the embodiment shown in the figures, the channel pairs are arranged so as to be evenly distributed in the circumferential direction of the electrical machine 1, so that the temperature control channels 13 are arranged so as to be evenly distributed in the circumferential direction of the electrical machine 1 and so that the temperature control channels 14 are arranged so as to be evenly distributed in the circumferential direction of the electrical machine 1.

[0042] It can also be seen from Fig. 1 and 4 that the respective temperature control channel 13, 14 runs obliquely or, in this case, perpendicular to the supply channel 15. In addition, the respective temperature control channel 13, 14 has, in particular precisely, a respective outlet opening 16. One of the outlet openings 16 is particularly clearly visible in Fig. 5. The respective temperature control medium flowing through the respective temperature control channel 13, 14 can be discharged from the respective temperature control channel 13, 14 via the respective outlet opening 16, i.e., can be diverted and sprayed directly against the respective winding head 10, 11. It can also be seen particularly clearly from Fig. 5 that the respective temperature control channel 13, 14 has a respective first length region L1 and a respective second length region L2, which is arranged downstream of the respective length region L1 in the flow direction of the temperature control medium flowing through the channel arrangement 12. The length ranges L1 and L2 are directly adjacent to each other.The respective second length range L2 of the respective temperature control channel 13, 14 has the respective outlet opening 16 of the respective temperature control channel 13, 14, so that the respective length range L2 and thus the respective temperature control channel 13, 14 ends at the respective outlet opening 16 in the flow direction of the temperature control medium flowing through the channel arrangement 12 and thus opens via the respective outlet opening 16 into a respective environment 17 of the respective temperature control channel 13, 14.

[0043] As illustrated in Fig. 5 by arrows 18 and 19, the temperature control medium flowing through the respective temperature control channel 13, 14 can be deflected by means of the respective length range L2 of the respective temperature control channel 13, 14 in comparison to the respective first length range L1 of the respective temperature control channel 13, 14 and can thus be aligned with the respective winding head 10, 11. The arrows 18 illustrate that the temperature control medium flowing through the respective temperature control channel 13, 14 flows through the respective first length range L1 in a first direction on its way through the respective first length range L1.Arrow 19 illustrates that the temperature control medium is deflected by means of the length range L2, so that the temperature control medium flowing through the respective temperature control channel 13, 14, on its way through the respective length range L2 and the respective outlet opening 16, flows through the respective outlet opening 16 in a second direction, which runs obliquely or perpendicular to the first direction. In other words, the deflection of the temperature control medium caused or effected by means of the length range L2 causes the temperature control medium to flow through the first length range L1 in the first direction and the outlet opening 16 in the second direction, which runs obliquely or perpendicular to the first direction.The second direction runs along a straight line which intersects the respective winding head 10, 11, whereby the tempering medium flowing through the outlet opening 16 and thereby sprayed out of the outlet opening 16 is to be sprayed or is sprayed directly against the respective winding head 10, 11.

[0044] In the exemplary embodiment shown in the figures, the respective first longitudinal region L1 runs in the axial direction of the electrical machine 1 and thus parallel to the axial direction of the electrical machine 1, and therefore parallel to the machine's rotation axis 5. This means that the respective longitudinal region L1 runs perpendicular to a plane of extension that runs perpendicular to the axial direction. In other words, the first direction runs parallel to the axial direction and thereby perpendicular to the direction of extension, which runs perpendicular to the axial direction. The second direction runs perpendicular to a second plane of extension, which runs obliquely to the first plane of extension and, in this case, obliquely to the axial direction.

[0045] From Figs. 2 and 5 it can be seen that the respective second longitudinal region L2 is curved inwards in the radial direction of the electric machine 1 and thus runs in an arcuate manner. In addition, the respective second longitudinal region L2 tapers towards the respective outlet opening 16, in particular continuously. It is also provided that the respective smallest flow cross-section of the respective longitudinal region L1 through which the temperature control medium can flow is larger than the respective smallest flow cross-section of the respective longitudinal region L2 through which the temperature control medium can flow, wherein in the present case the smallest flow cross-section of the respective longitudinal region L2 through which the temperature control medium can flow is formed by the outlet opening 16. This means that the respective outlet opening 16 is the respective narrowest point of the respective temperature control channel 13, 14 through which the temperature control medium can flow.The respective second length range L2 is or functions as a respective nozzle, by means of which a particularly advantageous jet can be formed from the temperature control medium. The jet can be sprayed particularly advantageously against the respective winding head 10, 11, whereby the respective winding head 10, 11 can be particularly advantageously temperature-controlled, i.e., cooled and / or heated. It can be seen particularly clearly from Fig. 3 that the temperature control medium flowing through the respective outlet opening 16 is sprayed directly against the respective winding head 10, 11. Preferably, the respective outlet opening 16 and thus the respective length range L2 are machined and, in particular, by milling, so that a particularly advantageous deflection of the temperature control medium can be realized.

[0046] In the exemplary embodiment shown in the figures, it is provided that at least a first partial region of the supply channel 15 is formed by a first recess 20 in the housing 2. It can also be seen that at least a respective second partial region of the respective temperature control channel 13 is formed by a respective second recess 21 in the housing 2. It can also be seen that at least a respective third partial region of the respective temperature control channel 14 is formed by a respective third recess 22 in the housing 2. The respective recess 20, 21, 22 is formed, i.e. manufactured, for example, by machining and, for example, by milling the housing 2. By means of the channel arrangement 12, the temperature control medium can thus be guided particularly as needed, without the need for separate, additional guide elements.This allows a particularly space-saving, weight-saving and cost-effective design of the electric machine 1 to be realized.

[0047] List of reference symbols

[0048] 1 electric machine

[0049] 2 housings

[0050] 3 Stator

[0051] 4 sheet package

[0052] 5 Machine rotation axis

[0053] 6 double arrow

[0054] 7 Double arrow

[0055] 8 double arrow

[0056] 9 winding

[0057] 10 first winding head

[0058] 11 second winding head

[0059] 12 channel arrangement

[0060] 13 Temperature control channel

[0061] 14 Temperature control channel

[0062] 15 supply channel

[0063] 16 Exit opening

[0064] 17 Surroundings

[0065] 18 Arrow

[0066] 19 Arrow

[0067] 20 recess

[0068] 21 Recess

[0069] 22 Recess

[0070] AS1 axial end face

[0071] AS2 axial end face

[0072] L1 first length range

[0073] L2 second length range

[0074] M1 inner circumferential surface

[0075] M2 outer peripheral surface

Claims

Patent claims 1. An electrical machine (1) for a motor vehicle, comprising a housing (2), a stator (3) which comprises a laminated core (4) arranged in the housing (2) and formed separately from the housing (2) and at least one winding (9) carried by the laminated core (4) and having at least one winding head (10, 11), and a channel arrangement (12) through which a temperature control medium can flow for controlling the temperature of the stator, characterized in that: - the channel arrangement (12) comprises: o at least two at least partially separate temperature control channels (13, 14) through which the temperature control medium can flow, which are delimited outwards in the radial direction of the electrical machine (1) by the housing (2) and inwards in the radial direction of the electrical machine (1) by the laminated core (4); and o a supply channel (15) common to the temperature control channels (13, 14), through which the temperature control medium can flow and which is delimited outwards in the radial direction of the electrical machine (1) by the housing (2) and inwards in the radial direction of the electrical machine (1) by the laminated core (4), via which the temperature control channels (13, 14) can be supplied with the temperature control medium; - the respective tempering channel (13, 14) extends obliquely or perpendicularly to the supply channel (15) and has a respective outlet opening (16) through which the tempering medium flowing through the respective tempering channel (13, 14) can be discharged from the respective tempering channel (13, 14) and sprayed directly against the winding head (10, 11); and - the respective temperature control channel (13, 14) has a respective first length range (L1) and a respective second length range (L2) arranged downstream of the respective first length range (L1) and having the respective outlet opening (16) of the respective temperature control channel (13, 14), by means of which the temperature control medium flowing through the respective temperature control channel (13, 14) can be deflected in comparison to the respective first length range (L1) and can thus be aligned with the winding head (10, 11).

2. Electrical machine (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the respective second length region (L2) is machined.

3. Electrical machine (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the respective second length range (L2) has a smaller flow cross-section through which the temperature control medium can flow than the respective first length range (L1).

4. Electrical machine (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the respective second longitudinal region (L2) is curved inwards in the radial direction of the electrical machine (1).

5. Electrical machine (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the respective second length region (L2) tapers towards the respective outlet opening (16).

6. Electrical machine (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the respective outlet opening (16) is the respective narrowest point of the respective temperature control channel (13, 14) through which the temperature control medium can flow.

7. Electrical machine (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the temperature control channels (13, 14) are arranged unevenly distributed in the circumferential direction of the electrical machine (1).

8. Electrical machine (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the respective first longitudinal region (L1) runs perpendicular to a respective plane which runs obliquely or perpendicularly to the axial direction of the electrical machine (1).

9. Electrical machine (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the supply channel (15) extends completely circumferentially in the circumferential direction of the electrical machine (1) and is therefore annular.

10. Motor vehicle, with at least one electrical machine (1) according to one of the preceding claims.

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