Method for analyzing a state of an energy-storage device for an electrically propellable motor vehicle, computer program and / or computer-readable medium, data-processing device, motor vehicle and / or server

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for analyzing a state of an energy-storage device for an electrically propellable motor vehicle, the method comprising: setting the energy-storage device and / or a component of the energy-storage device to a test state; measuring an electrical and / or thermal measurement variable in the test state; retrieving a comparative variable, the comparative variable characterizing a computer-assisted simulation of the energy-storage device and / or of the component in a reference state corresponding to the test state; and outputting state information relating to the state of the energy-storage device taking into account a comparison between the measurement variable and the comparative variable.

Description

[0001] Method for analyzing a state of an energy storage device for an electrically driven motor vehicle, computer program and / or computer-readable medium, data processing device, motor vehicle and / or server

[0002] The present disclosure relates to a method for analyzing a state of an energy storage device for an electrically powered motor vehicle. The disclosure also relates to a computer program and / or computer-readable medium, a data processing device, and a motor vehicle and / or a server.

[0003] Electrically powered motor vehicles are known from the prior art and have an energy storage device. Such an energy storage device typically comprises a plurality of battery cells or cells connected in parallel and / or series and thus forms a high-voltage storage device of a motor vehicle, also known as a traction battery. The energy storage device is configured to discharge the battery cells and provide electrical energy to operate the motor vehicle and / or to provide electrical energy externally to the vehicle, for example, via a charging station, and to be supplied with electrical energy via the charging station in order to charge the battery cells of the energy storage device.

[0004] Energy storage devices are typically highly integrated, i.e., in order to provide, for example, a comparatively high power density at a given cost efficiency, the components of the energy storage device are assembled in such a way that, after production, mechanical or physical maintenance and / or repair of the energy storage device is only possible to a limited extent and / or not at all.

[0005] Particularly with such highly integrated concepts and / or designs of high-voltage storage systems, whose maintenance is only partially possible, it can be useful to perform a test of the high-voltage storage system for anomalies, particularly potential defects, during the assembly process, at the end of the assembly process (EOL), and / or during operation. If a test is performed during the assembly process, rework can be performed, which can reduce scrap. If a test is performed during operation, damage to other components can be prevented by hardware measures (e.g., repair or storage replacement) and / or software measures (e.g., performance reduction).

[0006] EP 4 107 837 A1 shows a method for determining parameters of one or more energy conversion plants, which determines parameters of one or more energy conversion plants from continuously recorded measurement data and stores them in a plant model, characterized in that measurement data are recorded by means of sensors and, in a step of measurement data assignment, are assigned to measuring points and, after a first signal pre-processing in which anomalies are detected, are stored in a memory, that the stored measurement data are subjected to a second signal pre-processing in which a detection of state changes and an analysis of state changes by means of correlation takes place and in which state change profiles are generated with their measurement data, that subsequently, on the basis of the state change profiles with their measurement data, a determination of stationary parameters,a determination of transient parameters and a determination of dependencies is carried out.,

[0007] Detecting anomalies in highly integrated high-voltage storage systems, ideally during the manufacturing process and / or during operation, is useful for avoiding rejects and the associated costs and / or consequential damage. Robust and reliable methods are needed to detect defects or anomalies early and initiate appropriate measures.

[0008] Against the background of this prior art, one object of the present disclosure is to provide a method suitable for enriching the prior art and improving at least the aforementioned aspects of the prior art. In particular, the object of the disclosure is to be able to effectively and early detect defects and / or anomalies in battery storage systems for electrically powered motor vehicles.

[0009] The problem is solved by the features of the independent claims. The subclaims contain further developments of the disclosure.

[0010] According to one aspect of the disclosure, the object is achieved by a method for analyzing a state of an energy storage device for an electrically driven motor vehicle, the method comprising: setting the energy storage device and / or a component of the energy storage device to a test state; detecting an electrical and / or thermal measured variable in the test state; retrieving a comparison variable, wherein the comparison variable characterizes a computer-aided simulation of the energy storage device and / or the component in a reference state corresponding to the test state; and outputting state information relating to the state of the energy storage device, taking into account a comparison between the measured variable and the comparison variable.

[0011] In other words, according to the disclosure, a simulation-supported detection of defects and / or anomalies in battery storage devices is possible. For this purpose, the energy storage device can be placed in the test state. The measured variable can then be measured in the test state. The measured variable is an electrical measured variable, for example a voltage, a current, a capacitance, an inductance and / or a resistance, and the thermal measured variable is, for example, a temperature and / or heat. The measured variable relates to the energy storage device and / or the component. The measured variable measured in the test state thus characterizes the energy storage device and / or one of the components of the energy storage device in the test state.

[0012] The simulation can electrochemically or physicochemically recreate the energy storage device and / or component in the reference state. The energy storage device and / or component can be mapped or modeled such that the reference state corresponds to the test state. This allows the simulation of the energy storage device and / or component to be directly comparable with the energy storage device and / or component. Therefore, the reference value can be derived from the simulation.

[0013] The measured variable of the energy storage device can be compared with the reference variable of the simulation. Since the simulation models the energy storage device in a predetermined state, a match between the measured variable and the reference variable can, for example, lead to state information indicating a proper and / or expected state, and / or a discrepancy between the measured variable and the reference variable can lead to state information indicating an anomaly and / or a defect.

[0014] The method can be carried out during the manufacturing process of the energy storage device and / or during operation of the motor vehicle, i.e., in the field. If the high-voltage storage device is to be monitored using the method during operation of the motor vehicle, it can be determined whether any changes in the behavior of the measured variable are caused by aging of the high-voltage storage device and / or whether damage is the cause of the changes. In this context, electrochemical statistical analyses of the measured variable can be used to make a statement about the condition, particularly if a certain degree of scatter is to be expected due to the manufacturing process. In addition, a description of the cell behavior over aging is already available, for example, to design fast-charging profiles. The parameters used for this purpose can be reflected in the simulation.

[0015] Optionally, the adjustment includes applying a charging current profile and / or a discharging current profile to the energy storage device. This can be done, for example, during the manufacturing process, for example, as part of an end-of-line test, and / or during operation, by specifically adjusting the energy storage device to a load condition defined by the charging current profile and / or discharging current profile. Such load conditions can be modeled analogously to the simulation using the reference condition and enable a diverse analysis of the energy storage device, for example, to identify various damage and / or aging mechanisms.

[0016] Optionally, the measured variable is related to a component and / or a group of components. A component, for example, is one of the battery cells, voltage transformers, fuses, resistors, and / or contacts. A group of components comprises multiple components. It was recognized that a group of components can be assigned an expected behavior in the test state as well as a typical fault pattern, which can lead to an effective evaluation of the comparison of the measured variable with the reference variable. Furthermore, a group of components can be effectively measured at one or more measuring points to record the measured variable.

[0017] Optionally, the comparison parameter is aging-dependent and / or the computer-aided simulation includes aging-dependent parameters. It has been recognized that the behavior of the energy storage device and / or its components can depend on aging. Aging can be directly considered in the simulation and thus in the comparison parameter.

[0018] Optionally, the reference value includes a simulation measurement value comparable to the measured value and / or a reference band comparable to the measured value. The reference band, in particular, enables a statistical evaluation of the behavior of current, voltage, and temperature. This can be used to detect defects. For this purpose, manufacturing-related variations of the individual components can be adequately described by the simulation parameters. The parameters can then, for example, be selected according to a statistic and / or reflect the statistic.

[0019] Optionally, the method comprises assigning a remedial measure to the state information. It has been recognized that the state information can indicate the extent to which the measured behavior of the energy storage device deviates from and / or corresponds to a behavior of the energy storage device expected based on the simulation. The state information can accordingly be assigned to a remedial measure, for example, a software measure and / or a hardware measure, and optionally to a rework step during the manufacturing process.

[0020] Optionally, the method includes computer-assisted classification of the state information. It was recognized that the state information can indicate characteristic behavior of the energy storage device, which can thus be classified into meaningful classes, for example, based on simulation.

[0021] According to one aspect of the disclosure, a computer program and / or a computer-readable medium is provided. The computer program and / or the computer-readable medium comprise instructions which, when the program or instructions are executed by a data processing device, cause the device to perform the method according to the disclosure and / or steps thereof. Optionally, the computer program and / or the computer-readable medium comprises instructions which, when the program or instructions are executed by a data processing device, cause the device to perform the method steps described as advantageous or optional in order to achieve an associated technical effect.

[0022] According to one aspect of the disclosure, a data processing device is provided. The data processing device is configured to carry out the method described above. Optionally, the data processing device is configured to carry out a method step described as advantageous or optional and / or to implement a method feature in order to achieve an associated technical effect. According to one aspect of the disclosure, a motor vehicle and / or a server comprising the data processing device described above is provided. Optionally, the data processing device of the motor vehicle and / or the server, the motor vehicle and / or the server is configured to carry out a method step described as advantageous or optional and / or to implement a method feature in order to achieve an associated technical effect.

[0023] In the following, one embodiment is described with reference to the figures.

[0024] Fig. 1 schematically shows a motor vehicle and a server, each according to an aspect of the disclosure;

[0025] Fig. 2 schematically shows a flow diagram of a method according to one aspect of the disclosure; and

[0026] Fig. 3 shows a schematic representation of a computer program and / or computer-readable medium according to one aspect of the disclosure.

[0027] Figure 1 schematically shows a motor vehicle 50 and a server 90, each according to an aspect of the disclosure.

[0028] Figure 1 schematically shows a motor vehicle 50 according to one aspect of the disclosure. The motor vehicle 50 is a land vehicle and a passenger vehicle. The motor vehicle 50 is an electrically driven motor vehicle 50. The motor vehicle 50 has an energy storage device 55. The energy storage device 55 has a plurality of components 56, for example, battery cells, which and their number are shown only schematically.

[0029] During a manufacturing process of the energy storage device 55, components 56 of the energy storage device 55 may not yet be installed in the energy storage device 55. Furthermore, the energy storage device 55 is typically not installed in the motor vehicle 50 during the manufacturing process. During the manufacturing process, the measured variable 61 can be measured, for example, by a factory-installed data processing device (not shown).

[0030] The motor vehicle 50 also has a vehicle-side data processing device 51. The vehicle-side data processing device 51 is, for example, a battery control unit. Figure 1 also shows a vehicle-external server 90 or a backend and / or a cloud. The server 90 has a server-side data processing device 91.

[0031] The vehicle-side data processing device 51 and / or the server-side data processing device 91 is configured to carry out the method 100 described with reference to Figure 2.

[0032] For this purpose, the energy storage device 55 can be brought into a test state 60 for recording the measured variable 61. This means that the test state 60 can be set by the motor vehicle-side data processing device 51, at the factory and / or by the server 90. The test state 60 can be set by imposing a charging current profile 62 and / or a discharging current profile 63 on the energy storage device 55. The test state 60 can be defined, for example, by a state of charge, a voltage, a temperature, an internal resistance and / or a combination thereof. The charging current profile 62 imposes a current on the energy storage device 55 for charging the energy storage device 55 over a period of time defined by the charging current profile 62. The discharging current profile 63 imposes a current on the energy storage device 55 for discharging the energy storage device 55 over a period of time defined by the charging current profile 62.Thus, the energy storage device 55 and / or its components 56 can be brought into a well-defined state or the test state 60.

[0033] The motor vehicle-side data processing device 51 is configured to record an electrical and / or thermal measured variable 61. The measured variable 61 relates to a component 56 and / or a group of components 56. The measured variable 61 includes, for example, a temperature, a current, and / or a power. The measured variable 61 can also include a plurality of variables. During a manufacturing process, the measured variable 61 can be measured analogously by a factory measuring device.

[0034] The server 90 is configured to provide a comparison variable 71 that can be retrieved, for example, by the vehicle-side data processing device 51. For this purpose, the server 90 is configured to carry out a computer-aided simulation 80 of the energy storage device 55 and / or the component 56 and / or to be able to retrieve results of such a simulation 80. The simulation 80 is defined by a model of the energy storage device 55 and / or the component 56 and parameters 81. The parameters 81 define a reference state 70 corresponding to the test state 60. The comparison variable 71 thus characterizes the simulation 80 of the energy storage device 55 and / or the component 56 in the reference state 70. The reference state 70 can represent both the load on the energy storage device 55 and / or the component 56, for example according to the charging current profile 62 and / or a discharging current profile 63.Alternatively or additionally, the parameters 81 and / or the reference state 70 can represent an aging state of the energy storage device 55. For this purpose, the parameters 81 can be aging-dependent.

[0035] The comparison variable 71 comprises a simulation measured value 72 comparable to the measured variable 61 and / or a comparison band 73 comparable to the measured variable 61. The simulation measured value 72 can be directly comparable to the measured variable 61 and, for example, indicate a current, a voltage, and / or a temperature present at a specific measuring point in the reference state 70. The comparison band 73 can result from a statistical distribution of the parameters 81 and thus indicate expected and / or tolerated deviations, for example, compared to the simulation measured value 72.

[0036] The server 90 is configured to determine state information 59 relating to the state of the energy storage device 55, taking into account a comparison between the measured variable 61 and the comparison variable 71. For this purpose, the measured variable 61 and the comparison variable 71 are compared with one another. This allows a statistical evaluation of current, voltage, and temperature as measured variables 61, for example of a battery cell as component 56 of a high-voltage storage device as the energy storage device 55, with regard to any defects and / or anomalies, with the state information 59 being determined and output as a result. The behavior of current, voltage, and / or temperature of the energy storage device 59 can be examined as early as the development process with the aid of electrochemical simulation models in a predefined load state, i.e., in the reference state 70. Any production-related variations, e.g.of cell voltages due to different internal resistances, can be taken into account in the simulation 80, for example by considering several cells with statistically parameterized properties in combination as a group of components 56.

[0037] Based on the results of simulation 80, voltage and / or

[0038] Temperature bands are defined as reference band 73, which

[0039] Describe the energy storage device 55 and its property variations in the undamaged state. The defined voltage / temperature ranges can be adjusted or expanded based on the aging state of the component 56. Likewise, by adjusting the parameters 80, the limit values ​​determined in this way can be parameterized as edge points of the comparison range 73 in a control unit function, so that the energy storage device 55 can be analyzed during operation of the motor vehicle 50. During the manufacturing process of the energy storage device 55, for example, during an end-of-line test and / or during operation, the predefined load state or test state 60 under consideration can then be deliberately set. A comparison with the expected behavior or the predefined voltage / temperature ranges provides a conclusion about the condition of the energy storage device 55 or the components 56.For example, a cell voltage measured as variable 61 that lies outside the expected range according to the reference band 73 can be interpreted either as a cell defect or as a broken contact. The fault can then be further narrowed down through a systematic evaluation of the measured variables 61 (current, voltage, and / or temperature). This can be achieved through computer-assisted classification of the status information 59.

[0040] The server 90 is configured to assign a remedial action to the status information 59. The remedial action can then, based on the status information 59 and / or the anomalous behavior of the energy storage device 55 and / or the component 56, be directed toward preserving, repairing, and / or replacing a component 56 that may and / or will be defective in the future and / or exhibits anomalous behavior.

[0041] In other words, for example, at the end of the assembly of the energy storage device 55, a predefined charging current profile 62 can be applied. Using electrochemical simulation models, upper and lower voltage limits are defined as a comparison band 73, which describe the energy storage device 55 and the variation across its components 56 in an intact state. Depending on the variation and / or resistance distribution within the electrical contacting of the energy storage device 55 and / or component under investigation, different voltage limits can be used. If the measured voltage response lies outside the specification, a cell defect or a non-intact contact is likely. Accordingly, a rework process can be initiated as a remedial measure. Figure 2 schematically shows a flow diagram of a method 100 according to one aspect of the disclosure.The method 100 according to Figure 2 is a method 100 for analyzing a state of an energy storage device 55 for an electrically driven motor vehicle 50. Such a motor vehicle 50 is described with reference to Figure 1. Figure 2 is described with reference to Figure 1.

[0042] The method 100 according to Figure 2 comprises: setting 110 the energy storage device 55 and / or a component 56 of the energy storage device 55 to a test state 60. The setting 110 comprises applying a charging current profile 62 and / or a discharging current profile 63 to the energy storage device 55.

[0043] The method 100 comprises: detecting 120 an electrical and / or thermal measured variable 61 in the test state 60. The measured variable 61 is related to a component 56 and / or a group of components 56.

[0044] The method 100 comprises retrieving 130 a comparison variable 71, wherein the comparison variable 71 characterizes a computer-aided simulation 80 of the energy storage device 55 and / or the component 56 in a reference state 70 corresponding to the test state 60. The comparison variable 71 is aging-dependent and / or the computer-aided simulation 80 includes aging-dependent parameters 81. The comparison variable 71 includes a simulation measured value 72 comparable to the measured variable 61 and / or a comparison band 73 comparable to the measured variable 61.

[0045] The method 100 comprises: computer-aided classification 135 of the state information 59.

[0046] The method 100 comprises: outputting 140 a state information 59 relating to the state of the energy storage device 55, taking into account a comparison between the measured variable 61 and the comparison variable 71.

[0047] The method 100 comprises: assigning 150 a remedial action to the state information 59.

[0048] A person skilled in the art will recognize that the method 100 according to Figure 2 can also be carried out in a different order than that shown. In particular, it is possible for steps of the method 100 to be interchanged, shifted, and / or carried out simultaneously. Figure 3 shows a schematic representation of a computer program and / or computer-readable medium 200 according to one aspect of the disclosure. The computer program and / or computer-readable medium 200 comprises instructions 201 which, when the program or instructions 201 are executed by a data processing device 51, 91, cause the device to carry out the method 100 and / or the steps of the method 100 according to Figure 2.

[0049] The instructions 201 can be present as program code in any code or in any language, in particular in code suitable for controlling and / or monitoring motor vehicles 50. The computer program and / or computer-readable medium 200 can be or include any digital data storage device, such as a USB stick, a hard drive, a CD-ROM, an SD card, or an SSD card. The computer program does not necessarily have to be stored on such a computer-readable storage medium, but can also be accessible via the Internet or otherwise.

[0050] Reference symbol (part of the description)

[0051] 50 motor vehicles

[0052] 51 Data processing device, data processing device of the motor vehicle

[0053] 55 Energy storage device

[0054] 56 Component

[0055] 59 Status information

[0056] 60 test condition

[0057] 61 Measured quantity

[0058] 62 Charging current profile

[0059] 63 Discharge current profile

[0060] 70 Reference state

[0061] 71 Comparison size

[0062] 72 Simulation measured value

[0063] 73 Comparison volume

[0064] 80 Simulation

[0065] 81 parameters

[0066] 90 servers

[0067] 91 Data processing device, data processing device of the server

[0068] 100 procedures

[0069] 110 Setting

[0070] 120 Capture

[0071] 130 Retrieval

[0072] 135 Classify

[0073] 140 Issues

[0074] 150 Assign

[0075] 200 Computer program and / or computer-readable medium

[0076] 201 commands

Claims

Claims 1. A method (100) for analyzing a state of an energy storage device (55) for an electrically driven motor vehicle (50), the method (100) comprising: - setting (110) the energy storage device (55) and / or a component (56) of the energy storage device (55) to a test state (60); - detecting (120) an electrical and / or thermal measurement variable (61) in the test state (60); - retrieving (130) a comparison variable (71), wherein the comparison variable (71) characterizes a computer-aided simulation (80) of the energy storage device (55) and / or the component (56) in a reference state (70) corresponding to the test state (60); and - Outputting (140) a state information item (59) relating to the state of the energy storage device (55) taking into account a comparison between the measured variable (61) and the comparison variable (71).

2. The method (100) according to claim 1, wherein the setting (110) comprises applying a charging current profile (62) and / or a discharging current profile (63) to the energy storage device (55).

3. Method (100) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the measured variable (61) is related to a component (56) and / or a group of components (56).

4. Method (100) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the comparison variable (71) is age-dependent and / or the computer-aided simulation (80) comprises age-dependent parameters (81).

5. Method (100) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the comparison variable (71) comprises a simulation measured value (72) comparable with the measured variable (61) and / or a comparison band (73) comparable with the measured variable (61).

6. Method (100) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the method (100) comprises: - Assigning (150) a remedial action to the status information (59).

7. Method (100) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the method (100) comprises: - computer-assisted classification (135) of the state information (59).

8. A computer program and / or computer-readable medium (200), comprising instructions (201) which, when the program or instructions (201) are executed by a data processing device (51, 91), cause the device (51, 91) to carry out the method (100) and / or the steps of the method (100) according to one of claims 1 to 7.

9. A data processing device (51, 91), wherein the data processing device (51, 91) is configured to carry out the method (100) according to one of claims 1 to 7.

10. Motor vehicle (50) and / or server (90) comprising the data processing device (51, 91) according to claim 9.

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