Functionalised vinyl acetate, preparation method and use thereof

Abstract

The present invention relates to a functionalised vinyl acetate compound and the use thereof in different applications.

Description

[0001] Title: Functionalized vinyl acetate, of and use thereof Technical field The present invention relates to functionalized vinyl acetate compounds and the preparation and use thereof in various applications. In particular, the obtained compounds can be used as a monomer or comonomer for the preparation of electrode binder or separator. More specifically, the compounds can be used to prepare a halogenated polymer, such as poly(vinylidene fluoride), functionalized. Technological background of the invention Halogenated polymers are widely used in many technical fields given their unique properties in terms of thermal stability, chemical inertness and mechanical properties. They can thus be used in the fields of aeronautics, engineering, automotive or chemical industry or in insulating materials.Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) is particularly preferred in many application areas such as piezoelectric materials, energy storage or water treatment. PVDF can be prepared by suspension or emulsion processes. Depending on the process used, PVDF can have a different molecular structure and different reactivity towards other monomers. The difference in structure as well as the possible functionalization of the polymer chain can have a significant impact on the targeted technological applications. Emulsion polymerization is characterized by its high productivity and gives branched products and the incorporation of functional monomers can be complex. Functionalization of PVDF can also be achieved by plasma treatment and electron beam irradiation approaches.However, some technical limitations such as industrialization and repeatability can be difficult. There is therefore a need for a new method for preparing halogenated polymer that is simple, efficient and with limited environmental impact. Summary of the invention According to a first aspect, the present invention relates to a compound of formula (I) in which R. 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 are independently of each other selected from the group consisting of H and C1-C5alkyl; X is selected from the group consisting of C 1- C 18 alkyl, C 2- C 18 alkenyl, C 4- C 18 cycloalkenyl, C 3- C 18 cycloalkyl, C6-C 18aryl, polyalkylene glycol, optionally carrying one or more functional groups selected from the group consisting of -F, –OR', -OC(O)R', - C(O)OR', -CN, -NR'2, -O-Si(OR')3, -Si(R')3, -SO3R', -OP(O)(OR')2, -P(O)(OR')2, -C(O)R', -C(O)-S-R', - C(O)-NR'2, -NR'3 + wherein R' is independently selected for each substituent of the functional group from the group consisting of H, C 1- C 18 alkyl, C 2- C 18 alkenyl, C 4- C 18 cycloalkenyl, C 3- C 18 cycloalkyl and C6-C 18 aryl; Y is selected from the group F, Cl, Br, I, -CN, -OR'', -C(O)OR'', -SO3R'', C(O)Cl, -O-Si(OR'')3, - Si(R'')3, -OP(O)(OR'')2, -P(O)(OR'')2, -C(O)R'', -C(O)-S-R'', -C(O)-NR''2with R'' selected from the group consisting of H, C 1- C 18 alkyl, C 2- C 18 alkenyl, C 4- C 18 cycloalkenyl, C 3- C 18cycloalkyl and C6-C 18 aryl. According to a preferred embodiment, in the compound of formula (I) R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 are independently of each other selected from the group consisting of H, C1-C3alkyl; X is selected from the group consisting of C 1- C 10 alkyl, C 2- C 10 alkenyl, C 4- C 10 cycloalkenyl, C 3- C 10 cycloalkyl, C6-C 10 aryl, polyalkylene glycol, optionally carrying one or more functional groups selected from the group consisting of -F, –OR', -OC(O)R', - C(O)OR', -CN, -NR'2, -O-Si(OR')3, -Si(R')3, -SO3R', -OP(O)(OR')2, -P(O)(OR')2, -C(O)R', -C(O)-S-R', - C(O)-NR'2, -NR'3 + wherein R' is independently selected for each substituent of the functional group from the group consisting of H, C 1- C 10 alkyl, C 2- C10 alkenyl, C 4- C 10 cycloalkenyl, C 3- C 10 cycloalkyl and C6-C 10 aryl; Y is selected from the group F, Cl, Br, I, -CN, -OR'', -C(O)OR'', -SO3R'', C(O)Cl, -O-Si(OR'')3, -Si(R'')3, -OP(O)(OR'')2, -P(O)(OR'')2, -C(O)R'', -C(O)- S-R'', -C(O)-NR''2with R'' selected from the group consisting of H, C 1- C 10 alkyl, C 1- C 10 alkyl, C 2- C 10 alkenyl, C 4- C 10 cycloalkenyl, C 3- C 10 cycloalkyl and C6-C 10 aryl. According to a preferred embodiment, said compound is of formula (Ia) in which R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 are independently of each other selected from the group consisting of H and C1-C3alkyl; R 8 and R 9are, independently of each other and independently for each of the units n, selected from the group consisting of H, C 1- C 10 alkyl, C 2- C 10 alkenyl, C 4- C 10 cycloalkenyl, C 3- C 10 cycloalkyl, C6-C 10 aryl, polyalkylene glycol, optionally carrying one or more functional groups selected from the group consisting of -F, -OR', -OC(O)R', - C(O)OR', -CN, -NR'2, -O-Si(OR')3, -Si(R')3, -SO3R', -OP(O)(OR')2, -P(O)(OR')2, -C(O)R', -C(O)-S-R', - C(O)-NR'2, -NR'3 + wherein R' is independently selected for each substituent of the functional group from the group consisting of H, C 1- C 10 alkyl, C 2- C 10 alkenyl, C 4- C 10 cycloalkenyl, C 3- C 10 cycloalkyl and C6-C 10aryl; n is an integer from 1 to 15, preferably from 1 to 10, in particular from 1 to 5, more particularly from 2 to 5; Y is selected from the group F, Cl, Br, I, -CN, -OR'', -C(O)OR'', -SO3R'', C(O)Cl, -O-Si(OR'')3, - Si(R'')3, -OP(O)(OR'')2, -P(O)(OR'')2, -C(O)R'', -C(O)-S-R'', -C(O)-NR''2with R'' selected from the group consisting of H, C 1- C 10 alkyl, C 1- C 10 alkyl, C 2- C 10 alkenyl, C 4- C 10 cycloalkenyl, C 3- C 10 cycloalkyl and C6-C 10 aryl. According to a preferred embodiment, said compound is of formula (Ia) in which R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 are independently of each other selected from the group consisting of H and C1-C3alkyl; R 8 and R 9are, independently of each other and independently for each of the units n, selected from the group consisting of H, C 1- C5alkyl, C 3- C 10 cycloalkyl, C6-C 10 aryl, optionally carrying one or more functional groups selected from the group consisting of -F, -OR', -OC(O)R', -C(O)OR', -CN, -NR'2, -O-Si(OR')3, -Si(R')3, -SO3R', -O- P(O)(OR')2, -P(O)(OR')2, -C(O)R', -C(O)-S-R', -C(O)-NR'2, -NR'3 + wherein R' is independently selected for each substituent of the functional group from the group consisting of H, C 1- C 10 alkyl, C 2- C 10 alkenyl, C 4- C 10 cycloalkenyl, C 3- C 10 cycloalkyl and C6-C 10aryl; n is an integer from 1 to 15, preferably from 1 to 10, in particular from 1 to 5, more particularly from 2 to 5; Y is selected from the group -CN, -C(O)OR'', -SO3R'', -OP(O)(OR'')2, -P(O)(OR'')2, - with R'' selected from the group consisting of H, C 1- C 10 alkyl, C 2- C 10 alkenyl, C 4- C 10 cycloalkenyl, C 3- C 10 cycloalkyl and C6-C 10 aryl. According to a preferred embodiment, said compound is of formula (Ia) in which R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 are independently of each other selected from the group consisting of H and C1-C3alkyl; R 8 and R 9 are, independently of each other and independently for each of the units n, selected from the group consisting of H, C 1- C5alkyl, C 3- C 10 cycloalkyl, C6-C 10aryl, optionally carrying one or more functional groups selected from the group consisting of -F, -OR', -OC(O)R', -C(O)OR', -CN, -NR'2, -O-Si(OR')3, -Si(R')3, -SO3R', -O- P(O)(OR')2, -P(O)(OR')2, -C(O)R', -C(O)-S-R', -C(O)-NR'2, -NR'3 + wherein R' is independently selected for each substituent of the functional group from the group consisting of H, C 1- C 10 alkyl, C 2- C 10 alkenyl, C 4- C 10 cycloalkenyl, C 3- C 10 cycloalkyl, C6-C 10 aryl; preferably R' is independently selected for each substituent of the functional group from the group consisting of H and C 1- C3alkyl; n is an integer from 1 to 15, preferably from 1 to 10, in particular from 1 to 5, more particularly from 2 to 5; Y is selected from the group -C(O)OR'', -SO3R'', -OP(O)(OR'')2, -P(O)(OR'')2, - with R'' selected from the group consisting of H and C1- C3alkyl; preferably R'' is H. According to another aspect, the present invention relates to a process for preparing the compound of formula (I), (Ia) as described in the present application comprising a step a) of reaction between a compound of formula (IIa) and a thiol compound of formula (IIb) YX-SH in the presence of a base; in which R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 are independently of each other selected from the group consisting of H and C1-C5alkyl; X is selected from the group consisting of C 1- C 18 alkyl, C 2- C 18 alkenyl, C 4- C 18 cycloalkenyl, C 3- C 18 cycloalkyl, C6-C 18aryl, polyalkylene glycol, optionally carrying one or more functional groups selected from the group consisting of -F, –OR', -OC(O)R', - C(O)OR', -CN, -NR'2, -O-Si(OR')3, -Si(R')3, -SO3R', -OP(O)(OR')2, -P(O)(OR')2, -C(O)R', -C(O)-S-R', - C(O)-NR'2, -NR'3 + wherein R' is independently selected for each substituent of the functional group from the group consisting of H, C 1- C 18 alkyl, C 2- C 18 alkenyl, C 4- C 18 cycloalkenyl, C 3- C 18 cycloalkyl and C6-C 18 aryl; Y is selected from the group F, Cl, Br, I, -CN, -OR'', -C(O)OR'', -SO3R'', C(O)Cl, -O-Si(OR'')3, - Si(R'')3, -OP(O)(OR'')2, -P(O)(OR'')2, -C(O)R'', -C(O)-S-R'', -C(O)-NR''2with R'' selected from the group consisting of H, C 1- C 18 alkyl, C 2- C 18 alkenyl, C 4- C 18 cycloalkenyl, C 3- C 18cycloalkyl and C6-C 18 aryl; to form the compound of formula (I). According to a preferred embodiment, the thiol compound is of formula (IIb') R 8 and R 9 are, independently of each other and independently for each of the units n, selected from the group consisting of H, C 1- C 10 alkyl, C 2- C 10 alkenyl, C 4- C 10 cycloalkenyl, C 3- C 10 cycloalkyl, C6-C 10 aryl, polyalkylene glycol, optionally carrying one or more functional groups selected from the group consisting of -F, -OR', -OC(O)R', - C(O)OR', -CN, -NR'2, -O-Si(OR')3, -Si(R')3, -SO3R', -OP(O)(OR')2, -P(O)(OR')2, -C(O)R', -C(O)-S-R', - C(O)-NR'2, -NR'3 + wherein R' is independently selected for each substituent of the functional group from the group consisting of H, C 1- C 10 alkyl, C 2- C 10alkenyl, C 4- C 10 cycloalkenyl, C 3- C 10 cycloalkyl and C6-C 10 aryl; n is an integer from 1 to 15, preferably from 1 to 10, in particular from 1 to 5, more particularly from 2 to 5; Y is selected from the group F, Cl, Br, I, -CN, -OR'', -C(O)OR'', -SO3R'', C(O)Cl, -O-Si(OR'')3, - Si(R'')3, -OP(O)(OR'')2, -P(O)(OR'')2, -C(O)R'', -C(O)-S-R'', -C(O)-NR''2with R'' selected from the group consisting of H, C 1- C 10 alkyl, C 1- C 10 alkyl, C 2- C 10 alkenyl, C 4- C 10 cycloalkenyl, C 3- C 10 cycloalkyl and C6-C 10 aryl; to form the compound of formula (Ia). According to a preferred embodiment, said base is selected from the group consisting of LiOH, NaOH, KOH, CsOH, RbOH, Mg(OH)2, Ca(OH)2, N(C m H 2m+1)3with m being an integer from 1 to 10, N,N-Diisopropylethylamine, Morpholine, Pyridine, Pyrrolidine, Piperidine, Piperazine, 4- Methylmorpholine, N,N-Diisopropylethylamine, 1,8-Diazabicyclo(5.4.0)undec-7-ene, Triethylenediamine, 6-(Dibutylamino)-1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene, 1,8- Diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene bound to polystyrene, 1,5,7-Triazabicyclo[4.4.0]dec-5-ene, 7- Methyl-1,5,7-triazabicyclo[4.4.0]dec-5-ene, 1,1,3,3-Tetramethylguanidine, 2-tert-Butyl-1,1,3,3- tetramethylguanidine, 1,5,7-Triazabicyclo[4.4.0]dec-5-ene bound to polystyrene, 1,4- Diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane, Quinuclidine, 1,5-Diazabicyclo(4.3.0)non-5-ene, 2,6-Di-tert-butylpyridine, 2,8,9-Trimethyl-2,5,8,9-tetraza-1-phosphabicyclo[3.3.3]undecane, Cyclodiphosphazane, Lithium diisopropylamide, sodium diisopropylamide, potassium diisopropylamide, magnesium diisopropylamide, calcium diisopropylamide, rubidium diisopropylamide, lithium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide, sodium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide, potassium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide, magnesium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide, calcium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide, rubidium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide, lithium tetramethylpiperidide, sodium tetramethylpiperidide, potassium tetramethylpiperidide, magnesium tetramethylpiperidide, calcium tetramethylpiperidide, rubidium tetramethylpiperidide, [18-crown-6]-KHF2, KHF2, N,N’-diisopropylimidazonium, bifluorure, tetrabutylammonium, N(C. m H 2m+1)4 OH- with m being an integer from 1 to 10. According to a preferred embodiment, in step a), the molar content of said base is from 1 mol to 500 mol per 100 mol of said compound (IIb) or (IIb'). According to a preferred embodiment, step a) is carried out in an atmosphere containing less than 10 molar oxygen, preferably step a) is carried out in a nitrogen atmosphere. According to another aspect, the present invention relates to a polymer P0 comprising monomeric units derived from a fluorinated monomer M0 comprising a C=C double bond and at least one fluorine atom and monomeric units derived from the compound of formula (I) according to the present invention. According to another aspect, the present invention relates to a composition comprising a fluorinated polymer P1 and a polymer P2 comprising monomeric units derived from the compound of formula (I) according to the present invention.According to another aspect, the present invention relates to an electrode binder comprising said polymer according to the present invention or said composition according to the present invention. According to another aspect, the present invention relates to a separator comprising said polymer according to the present invention or said composition according to the present invention. According to another aspect, the present invention relates to an electrode comprising an active material, a binder according to the present invention and optionally a conductive agent. According to a preferred embodiment, said electrode is a positive electrode and the active material is selected from the group consisting of LiCoO2, Li(Ni, Co, AI)O2, Li. (1+ x), Neither a Mn b Co c(x represents a real number of 0 or more, a = 0.9, 0.8, 0.6, 0.5, or 1 / 3, b = 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, or 1 / 3, c = 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, or 1 / 3), LiNiO2, LiMn2O4, LiCoMnO4, Li3NiMn3O3, Li3Fe2(PO4)3, Li3V2(PO4)3, a Li Mn spinel substituted by a different element having a composition represented by Li 1+x Mn 2-x-y M y O4, M representing at least one metal chosen from Al, Mg, Co, Fe, Ni, and Zn, x and y independently representing a real number between 0 and 2, lithium titanate Li x TiO y– x and y independently representing a real number between 0 and 2, and a lithium metal phosphate having a composition represented by LiMPO4, M representing Fe, Mn, Co, or Ni. According to another preferred embodiment, said electrode is a negative electrode and the active material is selected from the group consisting of a lithium alloy, lithium metal, a metal oxide, a carbon material such as graphite or hard carbon, silicon, silicone, a silicon alloy and Li4Ti5O 12. According to another aspect, the present invention relates to a Li-ion secondary battery comprising a positive electrode, a negative electrode and a separator; said separator being according to the present invention and / or one of said electrodes being according to the present invention. According to another aspect, the present invention relates to the use of the compound according to the present invention or the polymer according to the present invention or the composition according to the present invention in the preparation of a conductive polymer, a solid electrolyte for fuel cells, paints, cables, wires, anti-corrosion equipment for the chemical industry, coatings for construction or architecture. Detailed description of the invention The present invention relates to functionalized vinyl acetate type compounds. The present invention provides an efficient and simple process for preparing these compounds via a thiol-ene reaction.The process is carried out without a metal catalyst with volatile reagents thus facilitating purification. The compound thus synthesized is of significant interest in applications related to batteries and more generally to energy storage. Compound of formula (I) According to a first aspect, the present invention provides a functionalized vinyl acetate compound. According to one embodiment, the present invention relates to a compound of formula (I). in which R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 are independently of each other selected from the group consisting of H and C1-C5alkyl; X is selected from the group consisting of C 1- C 18 alkyl, C 2- C 18 alkenyl, C 4- C 18 cycloalkenyl, C 3- C 18 cycloalkyl, C6-C 18aryl, polyalkylene glycol, optionally carrying one or more functional groups selected from the group consisting of -F, –OR', -OC(O)R', - C(O)OR', -CN, -NR'2, -O-Si(OR')3, -Si(R')3, -SO3R', -OP(O)(OR')2, -P(O)(OR')2, -C(O)R', -C(O)-S-R', - C(O)-NR'2, -NR'3 + wherein R' is independently selected for each substituent of the functional group from the group consisting of H, C 1- C 18 alkyl, C 2- C 18 alkenyl, C 4- C 18 cycloalkenyl, C 3- C 18 cycloalkyl and C6-C 18 aryl; Y is selected from the group F, Cl, Br, I, -CN, -OR'', -C(O)OR'', -SO3R'', C(O)Cl, -O-Si(OR'')3, - Si(R'')3, -OP(O)(OR'')2, -P(O)(OR'')2, -C(O)R'', -C(O)-S-R'', -C(O)-NR''2with R'' selected from the group consisting of H, C 1- C 18 alkyl, C 2- C 18 alkenyl, C 4- C 18 cycloalkenyl, C 3- C 18cycloalkyl and C6-C 18 aryl. Advantageously, said compound is of formula (I) in which R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 are independently of each other selected from the group consisting of H and C1-C3alkyl; X is selected from the group consisting of C 1- C 10 alkyl, C 2- C 10 alkenyl, C 4- C 10 cycloalkenyl, C 3- C 10 cycloalkyl, C6-C 10 aryl, polyalkylene glycol, optionally carrying one or more functional groups selected from the group consisting of -F, –OR', -OC(O)R', - C(O)OR', -CN, -NR'2, -O-Si(OR')3, -Si(R')3, -SO3R', -OP(O)(OR')2, -P(O)(OR')2, -C(O)R', -C(O)-S-R', - C(O)-NR'2, -NR'3 + wherein R' is independently selected for each substituent of the functional group from the group consisting of H, C 1- C 10 alkyl, C 2- C10 alkenyl, C 4- C 10 cycloalkenyl, C 3- C 10 cycloalkyl, C6-C 10 aryl; Y is selected from the group F, Cl, Br, I, -CN, -OR'', -C(O)OR'', -SO3R'', C(O)Cl, -O-Si(OR'')3, -Si(R'')3, -OP(O)(OR'')2, -P(O)(OR'')2, -C(O)R'', -C(O)- S-R'' and -C(O)-NR''2with R'' selected from the group consisting of H, C 1- C 10 alkyl, C 2- C 10 alkenyl, C 4- C 10 cycloalkenyl, C 3- C 10 cycloalkyl and C6-C 10 aryl. Preferably, said compound is of formula (I) in which R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 are independently of each other selected from the group consisting of H, C1-C3alkyl; X is selected from the group consisting of C 1- C 10 alkyl, C6-C 10aryl, polyalkylene glycol, optionally carrying one or more functional groups selected from the group consisting of -F, –OR', -OC(O)R', -C(O)OR', -CN, -NR'2, -O-Si(OR')3, -Si(R')3, -SO3R', -O- P(O)(OR')2, -P(O)(OR')2, -C(O)R', -C(O)-S-R', -C(O)-NR'2, -NR'3 + wherein R' is independently selected for each substituent of the functional group from the group consisting of H, C 1- C 10 alkyl, C 2- C 10 alkenyl, C 4- C 10 cycloalkenyl, C 3- C 10 cycloalkyl and C6-C 10 aryl; Y is selected from the group F, Cl, Br, I, -CN, -OR'', -C(O)OR'', -SO3R'', C(O)Cl, -O-Si(OR'')3, -Si(R'')3, -OP(O)(OR'')2, -P(O)(OR'')2, -C(O)R'', -C(O)-S-R'', -C(O)-NR''2with R'' selected from the group consisting of H, C 1- C 10 alkyl and C6-C 10 aryl. More preferably, said compound is of formula (I) in which R 1 , R2 , R 3 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 are independently of each other selected from the group consisting of H, C1-C3alkyl; X is selected from the group consisting of C 1- C5alkyl, polyalkylene glycol, optionally carrying one or more functional groups selected from the group consisting of -F, –OR', -OC(O)R', -C(O)OR', -CN, -NR'2, -O-Si(OR')3, -Si(R')3, -SO3R', -O- P(O)(OR')2, -P(O)(OR')2, -C(O)R', -C(O)-S-R', -C(O)-NR'2, -NR'3 + wherein R' is independently selected for each substituent of the functional group from the group consisting of H, C 1- C 10 alkyl, C 2- C 10 alkenyl, C 4- C 10 cycloalkenyl, C 3- C 10 cycloalkyl and C6-C 10aryl; Y is selected from the group F, Cl, Br, I, -CN, -OR'', -C(O)OR'', -SO3R'', C(O)Cl, -O-Si(OR'')3, -Si(R'')3, -OP(O)(OR'')2, -P(O)(OR'')2, -C(O)R'', -C(O)-S-R'', -C(O)-NR''2with R'' selected from the group consisting of H, C 1- C5alkyl and C6-C 10 aryl. According to a preferred embodiment, the group X is an alkyl radical of CR units 8 R 9 . Thus, said compound of formula (I) is of formula (Ia) in which R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 are independently of each other selected from the group consisting of H and C1-C3alkyl; R 8 and R 9 are, independently of each other and independently for each of the units n, selected from the group consisting of H, C 1- C 10 alkyl, C 2- C 10 alkenyl, C 4- C 10 cycloalkenyl, C 3- C 10cycloalkyl, C6-C 10 aryl, polyalkylene glycol, optionally carrying one or more functional groups selected from the group consisting of -F, -OR', -OC(O)R', - C(O)OR', -CN, -NR'2, -O-Si(OR')3, -Si(R')3, -SO3R', -OP(O)(OR')2, -P(O)(OR')2, -C(O)R', -C(O)-S-R', - C(O)-NR'2, -NR'3 + wherein R' is independently selected for each substituent of the functional group from the group consisting of H, C 1- C 10 alkyl, C 2- C 10 alkenyl, C 4- C 10 cycloalkenyl, C 3- C 10 cycloalkyl and C6-C 10 aryl; n is an integer from 1 to 15, preferably from 1 to 10, in particular from 1 to 5, more particularly from 2 to 5; Y is selected from the group F, Cl, Br, I, -CN, -OR'', -C(O)OR'', -SO3R'', C(O)Cl, -O-Si(OR'')3, - Si(R'')3, -OP(O)(OR'')2, -P(O)(OR'')2, -C(O)R'', -C(O)-S-R'', -C(O)-NR''2with R'' selected from the group consisting of H, C 1- C10 alkyl, C 1- C 10 alkyl, C 2- C 10 alkenyl, C 4- C 10 cycloalkenyl, C 3- C 10 cycloalkyl and C6-C 10 aryl. According to a preferred embodiment, said compound is of formula (Ia) in which R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 are independently of each other selected from the group consisting of H and C1-C3alkyl; R 8 and R 9 are, independently of each other and independently for each of the units n, selected from the group consisting of H, C 1- C5alkyl, C 3- C 10 cycloalkyl, C6-C 10 aryl, optionally carrying one or more functional groups selected from the group consisting of -F, -OR', -OC(O)R', -C(O)OR', -CN, -NR'2, -O-Si(OR')3, -Si(R')3, -SO3R', -O- P(O)(OR')2, -P(O)(OR')2, -C(O)R', -C(O)-S-R', -C(O)-NR'2, -NR'3+ wherein R' is independently selected for each substituent of the functional group from the group consisting of H, C 1- C 10 alkyl, C 2- C 10 alkenyl, C 4- C 10 cycloalkenyl, C 3- C 10 cycloalkyl and C6-C 10 aryl; n is an integer from 1 to 15, preferably from 1 to 10, in particular from 1 to 5, more particularly from 2 to 5; Y is selected from the group -CN, -C(O)OR'', -SO3R'', -OP(O)(OR'')2, -P(O)(OR'')2, - with R'' selected from the group consisting of H, C 1- C 10 alkyl, C 2- C 10 alkenyl, C 4- C 10 cycloalkenyl, C 3- C 10 cycloalkyl and C6-C 10 aryl. Advantageously, said compound is of formula (Ia) in which R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7are independently of each other selected from the group consisting of H and C1-C3alkyl; R 8 and R 9 are, independently of each other and independently for each of the units n, selected from the group consisting of H, C 1- C5alkyl, C 3- C 10 cycloalkyl, C6-C 10 aryl, optionally carrying one or more functional groups selected from the group consisting of -F, -OR', -OC(O)R', -C(O)OR', -CN, -NR'2, -O-Si(OR')3, -Si(R')3, -SO3R', -O- P(O)(OR')2, -P(O)(OR')2, -C(O)R', -C(O)-S-R', -C(O)-NR'2, -NR'3 + wherein R' is independently selected for each substituent of the functional group from the group consisting of H, C 1- C 10 alkyl, C 2- C 10 alkenyl, C 4- C 10 cycloalkenyl, C 3- C 10 cycloalkyl, C6-C 10aryl; preferably R' is independently selected for each substituent of the functional group from the group consisting of H and C 1- C3alkyl; n is an integer from 1 to 15, preferably from 1 to 10, in particular from 1 to 5, more particularly from 2 to 5; Y is selected from the group -C(O)OR'', -SO3R'', -OP(O)(OR'')2, -P(O)(OR'')2, - with R'' selected from the group consisting of H and C 1- C3alkyl; preferably R'' is H. Preferably, said compound is of formula (Ia) in which R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 are independently of each other selected from the group consisting of H and C1-C3alkyl; R 8 and R 9 are, independently of each other and independently for each of the units n, selected from the group consisting of H, C 1- C5alkyl, C6-C 10aryl, optionally carrying one or more functional groups selected from the group consisting of -F, -OR', -OC(O)R', -C(O)OR', -CN, -NR'2, -O-Si(OR')3, -Si(R')3, -SO3R', -OP(O)(OR')2, -P(O)(OR')2, -C(O)R', - C(O)-S-R', -C(O)-NR'2, -NR'3 + wherein R' is independently selected for each substituent of the functional group from the group consisting of H, C 1- C 10 alkyl, C6-C 10 aryl; preferably R' is independently selected for each substituent of the functional group from the group consisting of H and C 1- C3alkyl; n is an integer from 1 to 15, preferably from 1 to 10, in particular from 1 to 5, more particularly from 2 to 5; Y is selected from the group -C(O)OR'', -SO3R'', -OP(O)(OR'')2, -P(O)(OR'')2, - with R'' selected from the group consisting of H and C 1- C3alkyl; preferably R'' is H. More preferably, said compound is of formula (Ia) in which R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 are independently of each other selected from the group consisting of H and C1-C3alkyl; R 8 and R 9 are, independently of each other and independently for each of the units n, selected from the group consisting of H and C 1- C5alkyl optionally carrying one or more functional groups selected from the group consisting of -F, -OR', -O- C(O)R', -C(O)OR', -CN, -NR'2, -O-Si(OR')3, -Si(R')3, -SO3R', -OP(O)(OR')2, -P(O)(OR')2, -C(O)R', - C(O)-S-R', -C(O)-NR'2, -NR'3 + wherein R' is independently selected for each substituent of the functional group from the group consisting of H, C 1- C 10 alkyl, C6-C 10 aryl; preferably R' is independently selected for each substituent of the functional group from the group consisting of H and C 1-C3alkyl; n is an integer from 1 to 15, preferably from 1 to 10, in particular from 1 to 5, more particularly from 2 to 5; Y is selected from the group -C(O)OR'', -SO3R'', -OP(O)(OR'')2, -P(O)(OR'')2, - with R'' selected from the group consisting of H and C 1- C3alkyl; preferably R'' is H. In particular, said compound is of formula (Ia) in which R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 are independently of each other selected from the group consisting of H and C1-C3alkyl; R 8 and R 9 are, independently of each other and independently for each of the units n, selected from the group consisting of H, C 1-C5alkyl optionally carrying one or more functional groups selected from the group consisting of -F, -OR', -O- C(O)R', -C(O)OR', -SO3R', -OP(O)(OR')2, -P(O)(OR')2, -C(O)R', -C(O)-S-R' wherein R' is independently selected for each substituent of the functional group from the group consisting of H, C 1- C 10 alkyl, C6-C 10 aryl; preferably R' is independently selected for each substituent of the functional group from the group consisting of H and C 1- C3alkyl; n is an integer from 1 to 15, preferably from 1 to 10, in particular from 1 to 5, more particularly from 2 to 5; Y is selected from the group -C(O)OR'', -SO3R'', -OP(O)(OR'')2, -P(O)(OR'')2, - with R'' selected from the group consisting of H and C 1- C3alkyl; preferably R'' is H. More particularly, said compound is of formula (Ia) in which R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R5 , R 6 , R 7 are independently of each other selected from the group consisting of H and C1-C3alkyl, preferably R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 are H; R 8 and R 9 are, independently of each other and independently for each of the units n, selected from the group consisting of H, C 1- C3alkyl optionally carrying one or more functional groups selected from the group consisting of -OR', -OC(O)R', -C(O)OR', -SO3R', -OP(O)(OR')2, -P(O)(OR')2in which R' is independently selected for each substituent of the functional group from the group consisting of H, C 1- C 10 alkyl, C6-C 10 aryl; preferably R' is independently selected for each substituent of the functional group from the group consisting of H and C 1-C3alkyl; in particular R' is H; n is an integer from 1 to 5, preferably from 2 to 5; Y is selected from the group -C(O)OR'', -SO3R'', -OP(O)(OR'')2, -P(O)(OR'')2, - with R'' selected from the group consisting of H and C 1- C3alkyl; preferably R'' is H. Process for preparing the compound of formula (I) According to another aspect, the present invention relates to a process for preparing the compounds of formula (I), preferably (Ia) as described in the present application. Said process comprises a step a) of reaction between a compound of formula (IIa) and a thiol compound of formula (IIb) YX-SH in the presence of a base; in which R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 are independently of each other selected from the group consisting of H and C1-C5alkyl; X is selected from the group consisting of C 1- C 18 alkyl, C 2- C 18 alkenyl, C4- C 18 cycloalkenyl, C 3- C 18 cycloalkyl, C6-C 18 aryl, polyalkylene glycol, optionally carrying one or more functional groups selected from the group consisting of -F, –OR', -OC(O)R', - C(O)OR', -CN, -NR'2, -O-Si(OR')3, -Si(R')3, -SO3R', -OP(O)(OR')2, -P(O)(OR')2, -C(O)R', -C(O)-S-R', - C(O)-NR'2 and -NR'3 + wherein R' is independently selected for each substituent of the functional group from the group consisting of H, C 1- C 18 alkyl, C 2- C 18 alkenyl, C 4- C 18 cycloalkenyl, C 3- C 18 cycloalkyl and C6-C 18 aryl; Y is selected from the group F, Cl, Br, I, -CN, -OR'', -C(O)OR'', -SO3R'', C(O)Cl, -O-Si(OR'')3, - Si(R'')3, -OP(O)(OR'')2, -P(O)(OR'')2, -C(O)R'', -C(O)-S-R'', -C(O)-NR''2with R'' selected from the group consisting of H, C 1- C 18 alkyl, C 2- C18 alkenyl, C 4- C 18 cycloalkenyl, C 3- C 18 cycloalkyl, C6-C 18 aryl; to form the compound of formula (I). Advantageously, in the compound of formula (IIa), R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 are independently of each other selected from the group consisting of H and C1-C3alkyl. Advantageously, in the compound of formula (IIb), X is selected from the group consisting of C 1- C 10 alkyl, C 2- C 10 alkenyl, C 4- C 10 cycloalkenyl, C 3- C 10 cycloalkyl, C6-C 10 aryl, polyalkylene glycol, optionally carrying one or more functional groups selected from the group consisting of -F, –OR', -OC(O)R', -C(O)OR', -CN, -NR'2, -O-Si(OR')3, -Si(R')3, -SO3R', -OP(O)(OR')2, -P(O)(OR')2, -C(O)R', -C(O)-S-R', -C(O)-NR'2, -NR'3 +wherein R' is independently selected for each substituent of the functional group from the group consisting of H, C 1- C 10 alkyl, C 2- C 10 alkenyl, C 4- C 10 cycloalkenyl, C 3- C 10 cycloalkyl, C6-C 10 aryl; Y is selected from the group F, Cl, Br, I, -CN, -OR'', -C(O)OR'', -SO3R'', C(O)Cl, -O-Si(OR'')3, -Si(R'')3, -OP(O)(OR'')2, -P(O)(OR'')2, -C(O)R'', -C(O)-S-R'' and -C(O)-NR''2with R'' selected from the group consisting of H, C 1- C 10 alkyl, C 2- C 10 alkenyl, C 4- C 10 cycloalkenyl, C 3- C 10 cycloalkyl and C6-C 10 aryl. Preferably, in the compound of formula (IIa), R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7are independently of each other selected from the group consisting of H and C1-C3alkyl; and in the compound of formula (IIb), X is selected from the group consisting of C 1- C 10 alkyl, C6-C 10 aryl, polyalkylene glycol, optionally carrying one or more functional groups selected from the group consisting of -F, –OR', -OC(O)R', -C(O)OR', -CN, -NR'2, -O-Si(OR')3, -Si(R')3, -SO3R', -OP(O)(OR')2, -P(O)(OR')2, -C(O)R', -C(O)-S-R', -C(O)-NR'2, -NR'3 + wherein R' is independently selected for each substituent of the functional group from the group consisting of H, C 1- C 10 alkyl, C 2- C 10 alkenyl, C 4- C 10 cycloalkenyl, C 3- C 10 cycloalkyl and C6-C 10aryl; Y is selected from the group F, Cl, Br, I, -CN, -OR'', -C(O)OR'', -SO3R'', C(O)Cl, -O-Si(OR'')3, -Si(R'')3, -OP(O)(OR'')2, -P(O)(OR'')2, -C(O)R'', -C(O)-S-R'', -C(O)-NR''2with R'' selected from the group consisting of H, C 1- C 10 alkyl and C6-C 10 aryl. More preferably, in the compound of formula (IIa), R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 are independently of each other selected from the group consisting of H, C1-C3alkyl; and in the compound of formula (IIb), X is selected from the group consisting of C 1- C5alkyl, polyalkylene glycol, optionally carrying one or more functional groups selected from the group consisting of -F, –OR', -OC(O)R', -C(O)OR', -CN, -NR'2, -O-Si(OR')3, -Si(R')3, -SO3R', -OP(O)(OR')2, -P(O)(OR')2, -C(O)R', -C(O)-S-R', -C(O)-NR'2, -NR'3 +wherein R' is independently selected for each substituent of the functional group from the group consisting of H, C 1- C 10 alkyl, C 2- C 10 alkenyl, C 4- C 10 cycloalkenyl, C 3- C 10 cycloalkyl and C6-C 10 aryl; Y is selected from the group F, Cl, Br, I, -CN, -OR'', -C(O)OR'', -SO3R'', C(O)Cl, -O-Si(OR'')3, -Si(R'')3, -OP(O)(OR'')2, -P(O)(OR'')2, -C(O)R'', -C(O)-S-R'', -C(O)-NR''2with R'' selected from the group consisting of H, C 1- C5alkyl and C6-C 10 aryl. According to a preferred embodiment, the group X is an alkyl radical of CR units 8 R 9 . Thus, according to a preferred embodiment, the thiol compound used in the present process, in step a), is of formula (IIb') in which R 8 and R 9are, independently of each other and independently for each of the units n, selected from the group consisting of H, C 1- C 10 alkyl, C 2- C 10 alkenyl, C 4- C 10 cycloalkenyl, C 3- C 10 cycloalkyl, C6-C 10 aryl, polyalkylene glycol, optionally carrying one or more functional groups selected from the group consisting of -F, -OR', -O- C(O)R', -C(O)OR', -CN, -NR'2, -O-Si(OR')3, -Si(R')3, -SO3R', -OP(O)(OR')2, -P(O)(OR')2, -C(O)R', - C(O)-S-R', -C(O)-NR'2, -NR'3 + wherein R' is independently selected for each substituent of the functional group from the group consisting of H, C 1- C 10 alkyl, C 2- C 10 alkenyl, C 4- C 10 cycloalkenyl, C 3- C 10 cycloalkyl, C6-C 10aryl; n is an integer from 1 to 15, preferably from 1 to 10, in particular from 1 to 5, more particularly from 2 to 5; Y is selected from the group F, Cl, Br, I, -CN, -OR'', -C(O)OR'', -SO3R'', C(O)Cl, -O-Si(OR'')3, - Si(R'')3, -OP(O)(OR'')2, -P(O)(OR'')2, -C(O)R'', -C(O)-S-R'', -C(O)-NR''2with R'' selected from the group consisting of H, C 1- C 10 alkyl, C 1- C 10 alkyl, C 2- C 10 alkenyl, C 4- C 10 cycloalkenyl, C 3- C 10 cycloalkyl, C6-C 10 aryl; to form the compound of formula (Ia). Advantageously, in compound (IIa), R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 are independently of each other selected from the group consisting of H and C1-C3alkyl; and in compound (IIb') R 8 and R 9are, independently of each other and independently for each of the units n, selected from the group consisting of H, C 1- C5alkyl, C 3- C 10 cycloalkyl, C6-C 10 aryl, optionally carrying one or more functional groups selected from the group consisting of -F, -OR', -OC(O)R', -C(O)OR', -CN, -NR'2, -O-Si(OR')3, -Si(R')3, -SO3R', -O- P(O)(OR')2, -P(O)(OR')2, -C(O)R', -C(O)-S-R', -C(O)-NR'2, -NR'3 + wherein R' is independently selected for each substituent of the functional group from the group consisting of H, C 1- C 10 alkyl, C 2- C 10 alkenyl, C 4- C 10 cycloalkenyl, C 3- C 10 cycloalkyl and C6-C 10aryl; n is an integer from 1 to 15, preferably from 1 to 10, in particular from 1 to 5, more particularly from 2 to 5; Y is selected from the group -CN, -C(O)OR'', -SO3R'', -O- P(O)(OR'')2, -P(O)(OR'')2, - with R'' selected from the group consisting of H, C 1- C 10 alkyl, C 2- C 10 alkenyl, C 4- C 10 cycloalkenyl, C 3- C 10 cycloalkyl and C6-C 10 aryl. Preferably, in compound (IIa), R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 are independently of each other selected from the group consisting of H and C1-C3alkyl; and in compound (IIb'), R 8 and R 9 are, independently of each other and independently for each of the units n, selected from the group consisting of H, C 1- C5alkyl, C 3- C 10 cycloalkyl, C6-C 10aryl, optionally carrying one or more functional groups selected from the group consisting of -F, -OR', -OC(O)R', -C(O)OR', -CN, -NR'2, -O-Si(OR')3, -Si(R')3, -SO3R', -O- P(O)(OR')2, -P(O)(OR')2, -C(O)R', -C(O)-S-R', -C(O)-NR'2, -NR'3 + wherein R' is independently selected for each substituent of the functional group from the group consisting of H, C 1- C 10 alkyl, C 2- C 10 alkenyl, C 4- C 10 cycloalkenyl, C 3- C 10 cycloalkyl, C6-C 10 aryl; preferably R' is independently selected for each substituent of the functional group from the group consisting of H and C 1- C3alkyl; n is an integer from 1 to 15, preferably from 1 to 10, in particular from 1 to 5, more particularly from 2 to 5; Y is selected from the group -C(O)OR'', -SO3R'', -OP(O)(OR'')2, -P(O)(OR'')2, - with R'' selected from the group consisting of H and C1- C3alkyl; preferably R'' is H. More preferably, in compound (IIa), R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 are independently of each other selected from the group consisting of H and C1-C3alkyl; and in compound (IIb') R 8 and R 9 are, independently of each other and independently for each of the n units, selected from the group consisting of H, C1-C5 alkyl, C6-C10 aryl, optionally carrying one or more functional groups selected from the group consisting of -F, -OR', -OC(O)R', -C(O)OR', -CN, -NR'2, -O-Si(OR')3, -Si(R')3, -SO3R', -OP(O)(OR')2, -P(O)(OR')2, - C(O)R', -C(O)-S-R', -C(O)-NR'2, -NR'3 + wherein R' is independently selected for each substituent of the functional group from the group consisting of H, C 1- C 10 alkyl, C6-C 10aryl; preferably R' is independently selected for each substituent of the functional group from the group consisting of H and C 1- C3alkyl; n is an integer from 1 to 15, preferably from 1 to 10, in particular from 1 to 5, more particularly from 2 to 5; Y is selected from the group -C(O)OR'', -SO3R'', -OP(O)(OR'')2, -P(O)(OR'')2, - with R'' selected from the group consisting of H and C 1- C3alkyl; preferably R'' is H. In particular, in said compound is of formula (IIa) R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 are independently of each other selected from the group consisting of H and C1-C3alkyl; and in said compound (IIb') R 8 and R 9 are, independently of each other and independently for each of the units n, selected from the group consisting of H and C 1-C5alkyl optionally carrying one or more functional groups selected from the group consisting of -F, -OR', -OC(O)R', -C(O)OR', -CN, -NR'2, -O-Si(OR')3, -Si(R')3, -SO3R', -OP(O)(OR')2, -P(O)(OR')2, - C(O)R', -C(O)-S-R', -C(O)-NR'2, -NR'3 + wherein R' is independently selected for each substituent of the functional group from the group consisting of H, C 1- C 10 alkyl, C6-C 10 aryl; preferably R' is independently selected for each substituent of the functional group from the group consisting of H and C 1- C3alkyl; n is an integer from 1 to 15, preferably from 1 to 10, in particular from 1 to 5, more particularly from 2 to 5; Y is selected from the group -C(O)OR'', -SO3R'', -OP(O)(OR'')2, -P(O)(OR'')2, - with R'' selected from the group consisting of H and C 1- C3alkyl; preferably R'' is H. More particularly, in said compound is of formula (IIa), R 1, R 2 , R 3 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 are independently of each other selected from the group consisting of H and C1-C3alkyl; and in said compound (IIb') R 8 and R 9 are, independently of each other and independently for each of the units n, selected from the group consisting of H, C 1- C5alkyl optionally carrying one or more functional groups selected from the group consisting of -F, -OR', -OC(O)R', -C(O)OR', -SO3R', -OP(O)(OR')2, -P(O)(OR')2, - C(O)R', -C(O)-S-R' wherein R' is independently selected for each substituent of the functional group from the group consisting of H, C 1- C 10 alkyl, C6-C 10 aryl; preferably R' is independently selected for each substituent of the functional group from the group consisting of H and C 1-C3alkyl; n is an integer from 1 to 15, preferably from 1 to 10, in particular from 1 to 5, more particularly from 2 to 5; Y is selected from the group -C(O)OR'', -SO3R'', -OP(O)(OR'')2, -P(O)(OR'')2, - with R'' selected from the group consisting of H and C 1- C3alkyl; preferably R'' is H. Preferably, in said compound is of formula (IIa), R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 are independently of each other selected from the group consisting of H and C1-C3alkyl, preferably R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 are H; and in said compound (IIb'), R 8 and R 9 are, independently of each other and independently for each of the units n, selected from the group consisting of H, C 1-C3alkyl optionally carrying one or more functional groups selected from the group consisting of -OR', -OC(O)R', -C(O)OR', -SO3R', -OP(O)(OR')2, -P(O)(OR')2in which R' is independently selected for each substituent of the functional group from the group consisting of H, C 1- C 10 alkyl, C6-C 10 aryl; preferably R' is independently selected for each substituent of the functional group from the group consisting of H and C 1- C3alkyl; in particular R' is H; n is an integer from 1 to 5, preferably from 2 to 5; Y is selected from the group -C(O)OR'', - SO3R'', -OP(O)(OR'')2, -P(O)(OR'')2, - with R'' selected from the group consisting of H and C 1-C3alkyl; preferably R'' is H. As mentioned above, step a) is carried out in the presence of a base. Preferably, said base is selected from the group consisting of LiOH, NaOH, KOH, CsOH, RbOH, Mg(OH)2, Ca(OH)2, N(C m H 2m+1)3with m being an integer from 1 to 10, N,N- Diisopropylethylamine, Morpholine, Pyridine, Pyrrolidine, Piperidine, Piperazine, 4- Methylmorpholine, N,N-Diisopropylethylamine, 1,8-Diazabicyclo(5.4.0)undec-7-ene, Triethylenediamine, 6-(Dibutylamino)-1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene, 1,8- Diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene bound to polystyrene, 1,5,7-Triazabicyclo[4.4.0]dec-5-ene, 7- Methyl-1,5,7-triazabicyclo[4.4.0]dec-5-ene, 1,1,3,3-Tetramethylguanidine, 2-tert-Butyl-1,1,3,3- tetramethylguanidine, 1,5,7-Triazabicyclo[4.4.0]dec-5-ene bound to polystyrene, 1,4- Diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane, Quinuclidine, 1,5-Diazabicyclo(4.3.0)non-5-ene, 2,6-Di-tert-butylpyridine, 2,8,9-Trimethyl-2,5,8,9-tetraza-1-phosphabicyclo[3.3.3]undecane, Cyclodiphosphazane, Lithium diisopropylamide, sodium diisopropylamide, potassium diisopropylamide, magnesium diisopropylamide, calcium diisopropylamide, rubidium diisopropylamide, lithium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide, sodium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide, potassium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide, magnesium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide, calcium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide, rubidium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide, lithium tetramethylpiperidide, sodium tetramethylpiperidide, potassium tetramethylpiperidide, magnesium tetramethylpiperidide, calcium tetramethylpiperidide, rubidium tetramethylpiperidide, [18-crown-6]-KHF2, KHF2, N,N’-diisopropylimidazonium, bifluorure, tetrabutylammonium, N(C. m H 2m+1 )4 OH- avec m étant un entier de 1 à 10. En particulier, ladite base est sélectionnée parmi le groupe consistant en LiOH, NaOH, KOH, CsOH, RbOH, Mg(OH)2, Ca(OH)2, N(C m H 2m+1)3with m being an integer from 1 to 5, N,N-Diisopropylethylamine, morpholine, pyridine, pyrrolidine, Piperidine, piperazine, 4- Methylmorpholine, N,N-Diisopropylethylamine, 1,8-Diazabicyclo(5.4.0)undec-7-ene, triethylenediamine, 6-(Dibutylamino)-1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene, 1,8- Diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene bound to polystyrene. Said base can be used in excess, at stoichiometry or in deficiency relative to the amount of thiol compound (IIb) or (IIb'). Thus, in step a), the molar content of said base is advantageously greater than 1 mol per 100 mol of said thiol compound (IIb) or (IIb'), preferably greater than 5 mol, more preferably greater than 10 mol, in particular greater than 50 mol, more particularly greater than 100 mol per 100 mol of said compound (IIb) or (IIb').Preferably, in step a), the molar content of said base is advantageously greater than 150 mol, preferably greater than 200 mol, more preferably greater than 250 mol, in particular greater than 300 mol per 100 mol of said thiol compound (IIb) or (IIb'). In step a), the molar content of said base may also be from 1 mol to 500 mol, advantageously from 50 to 500 mol, preferably from 100 to 500 mol, more preferably from 200 to 500 mol, in particular from 250 mol to 500 mol, more particularly 300 mol per 100 mol of said thiol compound (IIb) or (IIb'). Preferably, step a) is carried out without solvent. The temperature at which step a) is carried out is not particularly limiting. Step a) may be carried out at a temperature of 15°C to 90°C, preferably 20°C to 40°C. Step a) may be carried out in an ambient atmosphere or in a controlled atmosphere.Step a) can be carried out under a controlled atmosphere to limit the formation of a disulfide compound resulting from the reaction of the thiol compound (IIb) or (IIb') on itself. Thus, step a) can be carried out under an atmosphere containing less than 10 mol% of oxygen, preferably step a) is carried out under a nitrogen atmosphere. According to another aspect, the present invention provides a polymer P0 comprising monomeric units derived from a fluorinated monomer M0 comprising a C=C double bond and at least one fluorine atom and monomeric units derived from the compound of formula (I) according to the present invention. Preferably, said polymer P0 comprises monomeric units derived from a fluorinated monomer M0 comprising a C=C double bond and at least one fluorine atom and monomeric units derived from the compound of formula (Ia) according to the present invention.According to a preferred embodiment, the molar content of monomeric units derived from the compound of formula (I) or (Ia) according to the present invention in the polymer P0 is between 0.01 and 10 mol%, advantageously between 0.05 and 9 mol%, preferably between 0.1 and 8 mol%, more preferably between 0.1 and 7 mol%, in particular between 0.1 and 6 mol%, more particularly between 0.1 and 5 mol%, preferably between 0.1 and 4 mol%, preferably between 0.1 and 3 mol%, particularly preferably between 0.1 and 2 mol%.Said fluorinated monomer M0 is preferably selected from the group consisting of vinylidene fluoride, vinyl fluoride, trifluoroethylene, chlorotrifluoroethylene, 1,2-difluoroethylene, tetrafluoroethylene, hexafluoropropylene, perfluoro(alkyl vinyl) ethers, perfluoro(1,3-dioxole), perfluoro(2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxole), the monomer of formula CF2=CFOCF2CF(CF3)OCF2CF2X in which X is SO2F, CO2H, CH2OH, CH2OCN or CH2OPO3H, the monomer of formula CF2=CFOCF2CF2SO2F, the monomer of formula F(CF2)nCH2OCF=CF2in which n is 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5, the monomer of formula R. 1 CH2OCF=CF2in which R 1 is hydrogen or F(CF2)m and m is 1, 2, 3 or 4, the monomer of formula R 2 OCF=CH2in which R 2is F(CF2)p and p is 1, 2, 3 or 4, perfluorobutyl ethylene, trifluoropropene, tetrafluoropropene, hexafluoroisobutylene, perfluorobutylethylene, pentafluoropropene, bromotrifluoroethylene, chlorofluoroethylene, chlorotrifluoropropene, 2-trifluoromethyl-3,3,3-trifluoro-1-propene. Preferably, said fluorinated monomer M0 is selected from the group consisting of vinylidene fluoride, vinyl fluoride, trifluoroethylene, chlorotrifluoroethylene, 1,2-difluoroethylene, tetrafluoroethylene, hexafluoropropylene, perfluoro(alkyl vinyl) ethers, perfluoro(1,3-dioxole), perfluoro(2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxole), the monomer of formula CF2=CFOCF2CF(CF3)OCF2CF2X in which X is SO2F, CO2H, CH2OH, CH2OCN or CH2OPO3H, the monomer of formula CF2=CFOCF2CF2SO2F, the monomer of formula F(CF2)nCH2OCF=CF2in which n is 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5, the monomer of formula R 1 CH2OCF=CF2in which R 1 is hydrogen or F(CF2)m and m is 1, 2, 3 or 4, the monomer of formula R 2OCF=CH2in which R 2is F(CF2)p and p is 1, 2, 3 or 4. More preferably, said fluorinated monomer M0 is selected from the group consisting of vinylidene fluoride, vinyl fluoride, trifluoroethylene, chlorotrifluoroethylene, 1,2-difluoroethylene, tetrafluoroethylene, hexafluoropropylene. In particular, said fluorinated monomer M0 is vinylidene fluoride. Said polymer P0 may also contain monomeric units derived from a monomer M0'. Said monomer M0' is copolymerizable with said fluorinated monomer M0 or the compound (I) according to the invention to form a polymer P0 comprising monomeric units derived from the fluorinated monomer M0, monomeric units derived from the compound of formula (I) according to the present invention and monomeric units derived from the monomer M0'.According to a preferred embodiment, said monomer M0' is different from monomer M0 and is selected from the group consisting of vinylidene fluoride, vinyl fluoride, trifluoroethylene, chlorotrifluoroethylene, 1,2-difluoroethylene, tetrafluoroethylene, hexafluoropropylene, perfluoro(alkyl vinyl) ethers, perfluoro(1,3-dioxole), perfluoro(2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxole), the monomer of formula CF2=CFOCF2CF(CF3)OCF2CF2X in which X is SO2F, CO2H, CH2OH, CH2OCN or CH2OPO3H, the monomer of formula CF2=CFOCF2CF2SO2F, the monomer of formula F(CF2)nCH2OCF=CF2in which n is 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5, the monomer of formula R. 1 CH2OCF=CF2in which R 1 is hydrogen or F(CF2)m and m is 1, 2, 3 or 4, the monomer of formula R 2 OCF=CH2in which R 2is F(CF2)p and p is 1, 2, 3 or 4, perfluorobutyl ethylene, trifluoropropene, tetrafluoropropene, hexafluoroisobutylene, perfluorobutylethylene, pentafluoropropene, bromotrifluoroethylene, chlorofluoroethylene, chlorotrifluoropropene, 2-trifluoromethyl-3,3,3-trifluoro-1-propene. According to a preferred embodiment, said fluorinated monomer M0 is vinylidene fluoride and said monomer M0' is selected from the group consisting of vinyl fluoride, trifluoroethylene, chlorotrifluoroethylene, 1,2-difluoroethylene, tetrafluoroethylene, hexafluoropropylene, perfluoro(alkyl vinyl) ethers, perfluoro(1,3-dioxole), perfluoro(2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxole), the monomer of formula CF2=CFOCF2CF(CF3)OCF2CF2X in which X is SO2F, CO2H, CH2OH, CH2OCN or CH2OPO3H, the monomer of formula CF2=CFOCF2CF2SO2F, the monomer of formula F(CF2)nCH2OCF=CF2in which n is 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5, the monomer of formula R 1 CH2OCF=CF2in which R 1is hydrogen or F(CF2)m and m is 1, 2, 3 or 4, the monomer of formula R 2 OCF=CH2in which R 2 is F(CF2)p and p is 1, 2, 3 or 4, perfluorobutyl ethylene, trifluoropropene, tetrafluoropropene, hexafluoroisobutylene, perfluorobutylethylene, pentafluoropropene, bromotrifluoroethylene, chlorofluoroethylene, chlorotrifluoropropene, 2-trifluoromethyl-3,3,3-trifluoro-1-propene. According to a particular embodiment, said fluorinated monomer M0 is vinylidene fluoride and said monomer M0' is selected from the group consisting of trifluoroethylene, chlorotrifluoroethylene, tetrafluoroethylene, hexafluoropropylene, perfluoro(alkyl vinyl) ethers, perfluoro(1,3-dioxole), perfluoro(2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxole), the monomer of formula CF2=CFOCF2CF(CF3)OCF2CF2X in which X is SO2F, CO2H, CH2OH, CH2OCN or CH2OPO3H, the monomer of formula CF2=CFOCF2CF2SO2F, the monomer of formula F(CF2)nCH2OCF=CF2in which n is 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5, the monomer of formula R1 CH2OCF=CF2in which R 1 is hydrogen or F(CF2)m and m is 1, 2, 3 or 4, the monomer of formula R 2 OCF=CH2in which R 2is F(CF2)p and p is 1, 2, 3 or 4, perfluorobutylethylene. According to a particular embodiment, said fluorinated monomer M0 is vinylidene fluoride and said monomer M0' is selected from the group consisting of trifluoroethylene, chlorotrifluoroethylene, tetrafluoroethylene, hexafluoropropylene and perfluoro(alkyl vinyl) ethers. The perfluoro(alkyl vinyl) ether is for example perfluoro(methyl vinyl) ether, perfluoro(ethyl vinyl) ether, perfluoro(propyl vinyl) ether or perfluoro(butyl vinyl) ether. Said polymer P0 may also contain monomeric units derived from a monomer M0''. Said monomer M0'' is copolymerizable with said fluorinated monomer M0 or the compound (I) according to the invention to form a polymer P0 comprising monomeric units derived from the fluorinated monomer M0, monomeric units derived from the compound of formula (I) according to the present invention and monomeric units derived from the monomer M0''.Optionally, said monomer M0'' is also copolymerizable with said monomer M0' to form a polymer P0 comprising monomeric units derived from the fluorinated monomer M0, monomeric units derived from the monomer M0', monomeric units derived from the monomer M0'' and monomeric units derived from the compound of formula (I) according to the present invention. According to one embodiment, said monomer M0'' is of formula (Ia) R. 1 R 2 C=C(R 3 )C(O)R in which the substituents R 1 , R 2 and R 3 are, independently of each other, selected from the group consisting of H and C1-C5alkyl; R is selected from the group consisting of –NHC(CH3)2CH2C(O)CH3or –OR' with R' selected from the group consisting of H and C1-C 18alkyl optionally substituted by one or more groups –OH, -CO2H, -SO3H, -PO3H, -PO3H2, -OC(O)R'', -C(O)O-R'' or a five- or ten-membered heterocycle comprising at least one nitrogen atom in its cyclic chain; R'' being selected from the group consisting of C1-C6alkyl or C6-C 12 aryl optionally substituted by one or more group(s) –OH, -CO2H, -SO3H, -PO3H, -PO3H2. Said monomer M0'' can therefore be of formula (Ia) R 1 R 2 C=C(R 3 )C(O)R in which the substituents R 1 , R 2 and R 3 are, independently of each other, selected from the group consisting of H and C1-C5alkyl; R is selected from the group consisting of – NHC(CH3)2CH2C(O)CH3 or –OR' with R' selected from the group consisting of H and C1-C 18alkyl optionally substituted by one or more groups –OH, -CO2H, -SO3H, -PO3H, -PO3H2, -OC(O)R'', -C(O)O-R'' or a five- or ten-membered heterocycle comprising at least one nitrogen atom in its cyclic chain; R'' being selected from the group consisting of C1-C6alkyl or C6-C 12 aryl optionally substituted by one or more –OH, -CO2H, -SO3H, -PO3H group(s). Said heterocycle may be saturated or unsaturated or aromatic. Said heterocycle may be monocyclic or bicyclic. Said heterocycle may be a pyrrole, pyrrolidine, pyridine, piperidine, pyrimidine, pyrazine, 1,4-dihydropyridine, indole, oxindole, isatin, quinoline, isoquinoline, quinazoline, imidazoline, pyrazolidine, 2-pyrrolidone, deltalactam, succinimide, 2-imidazolidinone, 4-imidazolidinone ring. Said heterocycle may be substituted by one or more C1-C5alkyl groups. As mentioned above, the C1-C 18alkyl is optionally substituted by said heterocycle. The latter may be linked to the alkyl chain by the nitrogen atom or any other atom forming the heterocycle. Preferably the heterocycle is 2-pyrrolidone, delta-lactam, succinimide, 2-imidazolidinone, 4-imidazolidinone. Advantageously, said monomer M0'' may be of formula (Ia) R 1 R 2 C=C(R 3 )C(O)R in which the substituents R 1 , R 2 and R 3 are independently of each other selected from the group consisting of H and C1-C5alkyl; R is -OR' with R' selected from the group consisting of H and C1-C 18 alkyl optionally substituted by one or more group(s) –OH, -CO2H, -SO3H, -PO3H, -PO3H2, -OC(O)R'', -C(O)O-R'' or a five- or ten-membered heterocycle comprising at least one nitrogen atom in its cyclic chain; R'' being selected from the group consisting of C1-C6alkyl or C6-C 12aryl optionally substituted by one or more group(s) –OH, -CO2H, -SO3H, -PO3H, -PO3H2. Preferably, the heterocycle is as defined above, in particular the heterocycle is 2-pyrrolidone, deltalactam, succinimide, 2-imidazolidinone, 4-imidazolidinone. Said substituent R' may be selected from the group consisting of H, methyl, ethyl, propyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, t-butyl, n-dodecyl, amyl, isoamyl, hexyl, 2-ethylhexyl, lauryl, n-octyl, hydroxyethyl, hydroxybutyl, hydroxypropyl, 2-pyrrolidone, deltalactam, succinimide, 2-imidazolidinone, 4- imidazolidinone ethyl substituted by a ureido group. Preferably, said monomer M0'' is of formula (Ia) R 1 R 2 C=C(R 3 )C(O)R in which the substituents R 1 and R 2 are H; R 3 is H or CH3; R is -OR' with R' selected from the group consisting of H and C1-C 18alkyl optionally substituted by one or more groups –OH, -CO2H, -SO3H, -PO3H, -PO3H2, -OC(O)R'', -C(O)O-R''; R'' being selected from the group consisting of C1-C6 alkyl or C6-C12 aryl optionally substituted by one or more groups –OH, -CO2H, -SO3H, -PO3H, - PO3H2. More preferably, said monomer M0'' is of formula (Ia) R 1 R 2 C=C(R 3 )C(O)R in which the substituents R 1 and R 2 are H; R 3 is H or CH3; R is -OR' with R' selected from the group consisting of H and C1-C 15 alkyl optionally substituted by one or more group(s) –OH, -CO2H, -SO3H, -PO3H, -PO3H 2, -OC(O)R'', -C(O)O-R''; R'' being selected from the group consisting of C1-C6alkyl or C6-C 12 aryl optionally substituted by one or more group(s) –OH, -CO2H, -SO3H, -PO3H, -PO3H2. In particular, said monomer M0'' is of formula (Ia) R 1 R2 C=C(R 3 )C(O)R in which the substituents R 1 and R 2 are H; R 3 is H or CH3; R is -OR' with R' selected from the group consisting of H and C1-C 10 alkyl optionally substituted by one or more group(s) –OH, -CO2H, -SO3H, -PO3H, -PO3H 2, -OC(O)R'', -C(O)O-R''; R'' being selected from the group consisting of C1-C6alkyl or C6-C 12aryl optionally substituted by one or more group(s) –OH, -CO2H, -SO3H, -PO3H, - PO3H2. More particularly, said monomer M0'' may be acrylic acid, methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, propyl acrylate, n-butyl acrylate, isobutyl acrylate, t-butyl acrylate, n-dodecyl acrylate, amyl acrylate, isoamyl acrylate, hexyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, diacetone acrylamide, lauryl acrylate, n-octyl acrylate, hydroxypropyl methacrylate, hydroxybutyl methacrylate, hydroxyethyl methacrylate, hydroxypropyl acrylate, hydroxybutyl acrylate, methacrylic acid, methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, propyl methacrylate, methacrylate n-butyl, isobutyl methacrylate, t-butyl methacrylate, n-dodecyl methacrylate, amyl methacrylate, isoamyl methacrylate, hexyl methacrylate,2-ethylhexyl methacrylate, lauryl methacrylate, n-octyl methacrylate, ureido methacrylate, monomers of formula CH2=CH(CO2CH2CH2CO2H), CH2=CH(CO2CH2CH2-OC(O)-CH2CH2CO2H), CH2=CH(CO2CH2CH2CH2-OC(O)-CH2CH2CO2H), CH2=CH(CO2CH(CH3)CH2-OC(O)-CH2CH2CO2H), CH2=CH(CO2CH2CH2-OC(O)-C6H4CO2H), CH2=CH(CO2CH2CH2CH2CH(CO2H)CH2CH2CO2H); and mixtures thereof. Among these, said monomer M0'' with an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms is preferred, and an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms is more preferable. Said fluoropolymer P0 may comprise one or more monomeric units derived from a monomer M0'' as defined herein, for example M0'' may be a mixture of methyl methacrylate, acrylic acid and methacrylic acid and the polymer P0 may thus comprise for example monomeric units derived from methyl methacrylate,methacrylic acid and acrylic acid. The polymer P0 can be prepared by an emulsion or suspension process. The polymerization step can be carried out at a temperature above the critical temperature of the monomer M0. The polymerization step can be carried out at a temperature above 20°C, advantageously above 30°C, preferably above 40°C. The polymerization step can be carried out at a temperature of 20°C to 120°C, preferably from 30°C to 110°C, in particular from 40°C to 90°C. The polymerization step can be carried out over a wide pressure range. Generally, the polymerization step can be carried out at a pressure of 10 to 150 bara, advantageously at a pressure of 15 bara to 130 bara, preferably at a pressure of 20 bara to 120 bara,in particular from 40 to 110 bara. Said process is preferably carried out in the presence of an initiator. The initiator may be one or a combination of several of the initiators known in the art to be useful in the dispersion polymerization of halogenated monomers. Suitable non-limiting classes of initiators include persulfate salts, peroxides and redox systems. Examples of persulfate salts are sodium persulfate, potassium persulfate or ammonium persulfate. The amount of persulfate salt added to the reaction mixture based on the total weight of monomer added to the reaction mixture is typically from about 0.005 to about 1.0 wt. %. The initiator may comprise a redox system. By "redox system" is meant a system comprising an oxidizing agent, a reducing agent, and optionally a promoter acting as an electron transfer medium. The promoter is a component which,in different oxidation states, is capable of reacting with both the oxidizing agent and the reducing agent, thereby accelerating the overall reaction. Oxidizing agents include, for example, persulfate salts; peroxides, such as hydrogen peroxide; hydroperoxides, such as tert-butyl hydroperoxide and cumene hydroperoxide; and oxidizing metal salts such as, for example, ferric sulfate and potassium permanganate. Examples of reducing agents include sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate; sodium or potassium sulfite, bisulfite, or metabisulfite; ascorbic acid; oxalic acid; and reduced metal salts. Typical promoters include transition metal salts such as ferrous sulfate. In redox systems, the oxidizing agent and reducing agent are typically used in an amount of about 0.01 to about 0.5% by weight based on the total weight of monomer added to the reaction mixture. The promoter, if used, is typically employed in an amount of about 0.005 to about 0.025% by weight based on the total weight of monomer added to the reaction mixture. Preferably, the initiator is selected from organic peroxides which are useful include dialkyl peroxides, alkyl hydroperoxides, peroxyesters and peroxydicarbonates. A suitable example of a dialkyl peroxide is di-tert-butyl peroxide. Examples of suitable peroxy esters include tert-amyl peroxypivalate, tert-butyl peroxypivalate and succinic acid peroxide. Examples of suitable peroxydicarbonate initiators include di-n-propyl peroxydicarbonate (NPP) and diisopropyl peroxydicarbonate,which are typically added to the reaction mixture in an amount based on the total weight of monomer added to the reaction mixture of about 0.05 to about 2.5 wt.%. Said method may be carried out in the presence of a dispersant or a surfactant. The dispersant may be polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) or a compound comprising a cellulose unit such as methylcellulose, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, carboxymethylcellulose, ethylhydroxyethylcellulose. Said surfactant preferably comprises a polyethylene glycol segment and a polypropylene glycol segment. Preferably, said surfactant has an HLB value of 1 to 20, in particular an HLB value of 1 to 5 or 10 to 15. In particular, said surfactant comprising a polyethylene glycol segment and a polypropylene glycol segment, has an HLB value of 1 to 5 and a weight average molecular weight of 2500 to 10000 g.mol-1. Alternatively,said surfactant comprising a polyethylene glycol segment and a polypropylene glycol segment, has an HLB value of 10 to 15 and a weight average molecular weight of 500 to 2500 g.mol- 1. A paraffin antifoulant is optionally used in the polymerization. Any long-chain saturated hydrocarbon wax or oil may be used. The oil or wax is added to the reactor prior to formation of the fluoropolymer, in an amount sufficient to minimize polymer adhesion to the reactor components. This amount is generally proportional to the interior surface area of ​​the reactor and may vary from about 1 to about 40 mg / cm2 of interior surface area of ​​the reactor. If a paraffin wax or hydrocarbon oil is used as the antifoulant,the amount used is generally about 5 mg / cm2 of the inner surface of the reactor. The polymerization reaction mixture may optionally contain a buffering agent to maintain a controlled pH during the polymerization reaction. The pH is generally controlled in the range of 3 to 8. The buffering agent may be added at the beginning, at different points or throughout the polymerization. Suitable exemplary buffering agents are phosphate buffers and acetate buffers, which are well known to those skilled in the art. Molecular weight regulators, also called chain transfer agents, may optionally be used to adjust the molecular weight profile of the product. They may be added in a single portion at the beginning of the reaction, gradually or continuously throughout the reaction. The amount of molecular weight regulator added to the polymerization reaction is generally about 0,05 to about 5% by weight, more generally from about 0.1 to about 2% by weight based on the total weight of monomer added to the reaction mixture. Oxygenated compounds such as alcohols, carbonates, ketones, esters, and ethers can serve as molecular weight regulators. Examples of suitable oxygenated compounds include isopropyl alcohol, acetone, ethyl acetate, and diethyl carbonate. Other classes of molecular weight regulators include halogenated compounds such as chlorocarbons, hydrochlorocarbons, hydrofluorocarbons, chlorofluorocarbons, and hydrochlorofluorocarbons. Particular examples of halogenated molecular weight regulators include 1-fluoroethane, trichlorofluoromethane, and 1,1-dichloro-2,2,2-trifluoroethane. Some hydrocarbons can be used as molecular weight regulators, such as hydrocarbons that contain two to five carbon atoms,with ethane and propane as particular examples. The fluoropolymer P0 obtained at the end of the reaction can be washed and dried to form a powder. Alternatively, the fluoropolymer P0 obtained at the end of the reaction can be washed and used in the form of a latex. Composition According to another aspect, the present invention relates to a composition comprising a fluoropolymer P1 and a polymer P2 comprising monomeric units derived from the compound of formula (I). Said fluoropolymer P1 can be a homopolymer derived from the fluoromonomer M1 or a polymer derived from the fluoromonomer M1, from the monomer M1' and / or from the monomer M1''. Thus, said fluoropolymer P1 comprises monomeric units derived from a fluoromonomer M1 selected from the group consisting of vinyl fluoride, vinylidene fluoride, trifluoroethylene, chlorotrifluoroethylene, 1,2-difluoroethylene, tetrafluoroethylene, hexafluoropropylene,perfluoro(alkyl vinyl) ethers such as perfluoro(methyl vinyl) ether (PMVE), perfluoro(ethyl vinyl) ether (PEVE) and perfluoro(propyl vinyl) ether (PPVE); perfluoro(1,3-dioxole); perfluoro(2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxole); the product of formula CF2=CFOCF2CF(CF3)OCF2CF2X in which X is SO2F, CO2H, CH2OH, CH2OCN or CH2OPO3H; the product of formula CF2=CFOCF2CF2SO2F; the product of formula F(CF2)nCH2OCF=CF2in which n is 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5; the product of formula R, 1 CH2OCF=CF2 in which R 1 is hydrogen or F(CF2)m and m is 1, 2, 3 or 4; the product of formula R 2 OCF=CH2in which R 2is F(CF2)p and p is 1, 2, 3 or 4; perfluorobutyl ethylene (PFBE); trifluoropropene, tetrafluoropropene, hexafluoroisobutylene, perfluorobutylethylene, pentafluoropropene, bromotrifluoroethylene, chlorofluoroethylene, chlorotrifluoropropene and 2-trifluoromethyl-3,3,3-trifluoro-1-propene or a mixture thereof. Preferably, said fluorinated monomer M1 is selected from the group consisting of vinylidene fluoride, vinyl fluoride, trifluoroethylene, chlorotrifluoroethylene, 1,2-difluoroethylene, tetrafluoroethylene, hexafluoropropylene, perfluoro(alkyl vinyl) ethers, perfluoro(1,3-dioxole), perfluoro(2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxole), the monomer of formula CF2=CFOCF2CF(CF3)OCF2CF2X in which X is SO2F, CO2H, CH2OH, CH2OCN or CH2OPO3H, the monomer of formula CF2=CFOCF2CF2SO2F, the monomer of formula F(CF2)nCH2OCF=CF2in which n is 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5, the monomer of formula R 1 CH2OCF=CF2in which R 1is hydrogen or F(CF2)m and m is 1, 2, 3 or 4, the monomer of formula R 2 OCF=CH2in which R 2is F(CF2)p and p is 1, 2, 3 or 4. More preferably, said fluorinated monomer M1 is selected from the group consisting of vinylidene fluoride, vinyl fluoride, trifluoroethylene, chlorotrifluoroethylene, 1,2-difluoroethylene, tetrafluoroethylene, hexafluoropropylene. In particular, said fluorinated monomer M1 is vinylidene fluoride. According to a preferred embodiment, said fluorinated polymer P1 may be a homopolymer of vinylidene fluoride. According to another preferred embodiment, the fluorinated polymer P1 also comprises monomeric units derived from a monomer M1' or a monomer M1'' as described below or a mixture of the two.According to a preferred embodiment, the fluoropolymer P1 also comprises monomeric units derived from a monomer M1' selected from the group consisting of vinyl fluoride; trifluoroethylene (VF3); chlorotrifluoroethylene (CTFE); 1,2-difluoroethylene; tetrafluoroethylene (TFE); hexafluoropropylene (HFP); perfluoro(alkyl vinyl) ethers such as perfluoro(methyl vinyl) ether (PMVE), perfluoro(ethyl vinyl) ether (PEVE) and perfluoro(propyl vinyl) ether (PPVE); perfluoro(1,3-dioxole); perfluoro(2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxole) (PDD); the product of formula CF2=CFOCF2CF(CF3)OCF2CF2X in which X is SO2F, CO2H, CH2OH, CH2OCN or CH2OPO3H; the product of formula CF2=CFOCF2CF2SO2F; the product of formula F(CF2)nCH2OCF=CF2in which n is 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5; the product of formula R. 1 CH2OCF=CF2in which R 1 is hydrogen or F(CF2)m and m is 1, 2, 3 or 4; the product of formula R 2 OCF=CH2 in which R 2is F(CF2)p and p is 1, 2, 3 or 4; perfluorobutyl ethylene (PFBE); trifluoropropene, tetrafluoropropene, hexafluoroisobutylene, perfluorobutylethylene, pentafluoropropene, bromotrifluoroethylene, chlorofluoroethylene, chlorotrifluoropropene and 2-trifluoromethyl-3,3,3-trifluoro-1-propene or a mixture thereof; or optionally monomeric units derived from a monomer M1'' of formula (Ia) R 1 R 2 C=C(R 3 )C(O)R in which the substituents R 1 , R 2 and R 3 are, independently of each other, selected from the group consisting of H and C1-C5alkyl; R is selected from the group consisting of –NHC(CH3)2CH2C(O)CH3or –OR' with R' selected from the group consisting of H and C1-C 18 alkyl optionally substituted by one or more group(s) –OH, -CO2H, -SO3H, -PO3H, -PO3H 2,-OC(O)R'', -C(O)O-R'' or a five- or ten-membered heterocycle comprising at least one nitrogen atom in its ring chain; R'' being selected from the group consisting of C1-C6alkyl or C6-C 12 aryl optionally substituted by one or more group(s) –OH, -CO2H, -SO3H, -PO3H, -PO3H2; or a mixture of monomeric units derived from said monomer M1'' and M1'. Preferably, said monomer M1' is selected from the group consisting of vinyl fluoride, trifluoroethylene, chlorotrifluoroethylene, 1,2-difluoroethylene, tetrafluoroethylene, hexafluoropropylene, perfluoro(alkyl vinyl) ethers, perfluoro(1,3-dioxole), perfluoro(2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxole), the monomer of formula CF2=CFOCF2CF(CF3)OCF2CF2X in which X is SO2F, CO2H, CH2OH, CH2OCN or CH2OPO3H, the monomer of formula CF2=CFOCF2CF2SO2F, the monomer of formula F(CF2)nCH2OCF=CF2in which n is 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5, the monomer of formula R 1 CH2OCF=CF2in which R 1is hydrogen or F(CF2)m and m is 1, 2, 3 or 4, the monomer of formula R 2 OCF=CH2in which R 2 is F(CF2)p and p is 1, 2, 3 or 4, perfluorobutyl ethylene, trifluoropropene, tetrafluoropropene, hexafluoroisobutylene, perfluorobutylethylene, pentafluoropropene, bromotrifluoroethylene, chlorofluoroethylene, chlorotrifluoropropene, 2-trifluoromethyl-3,3,3-trifluoro-1-propene. More preferably, said monomer M1' is selected from the group consisting of trifluoroethylene, chlorotrifluoroethylene, tetrafluoroethylene, hexafluoropropylene, perfluoro(alkyl vinyl) ethers, perfluoro(1,3-dioxole), perfluoro(2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxole), the monomer of formula CF2=CFOCF2CF(CF3)OCF2CF2X in which X is SO2F, CO2H, CH2OH, CH2OCN or CH2OPO3H, the monomer of formula CF2=CFOCF2CF2SO2F, the monomer of formula F(CF2)nCH2OCF=CF2in which n is 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5, the monomer of formula R 1 CH2OCF=CF2in which R 1is hydrogen or F(CF2)m and m is 1, 2, 3 or 4, the monomer of formula R 2 OCF=CH2in which R 2 is F(CF2)p and p is 1, 2, 3 or 4, perfluorobutylethylene. Preferably, said monomer M1'' is of formula (Ia) R 1 R 2 C=C(R 3 )C(O)R in which the substituents R 1 , R 2 and R 3 are, independently of each other, selected from the group consisting of H and C1-C5alkyl; R is selected from the group consisting of – NHC(CH3)2CH2C(O)CH3 or –OR' with R' selected from the group consisting of H and C1-C 18 alkyl optionally substituted by one or more group(s) –OH, -CO2H, -SO3H, -PO3H, -PO3H 2, -OC(O)R'', -C(O)O-R'' or a five- or ten-membered heterocycle comprising at least one nitrogen atom in its ring chain; R'' being selected from the group consisting of C1-C6alkyl or C6-C 12aryl optionally substituted by one or more –OH, -CO2H, -SO3H, -PO3H, -PO3H2 group(s). Said heterocycle may be saturated or unsaturated or aromatic. Said heterocycle may be monocyclic or bicyclic. Said heterocycle may be a pyrrole, pyrrolidine, pyridine, piperidine, pyrimidine, pyrazine, 1,4-dihydropyridine, indole, oxindole, isatin, quinoline, isoquinoline, quinazoline, imidazoline, pyrazolidine, 2-pyrrolidone, deltalactam, succinimide, 2-imidazolidinone, 4-imidazolidinone ring. Said heterocycle may be substituted by one or more C1-C5alkyl groups. As mentioned above, the C1-C 18 alkyl is optionally substituted by said heterocycle. The latter may be linked to the alkyl chain by the nitrogen atom or any other atom forming the heterocycle. Preferably the heterocycle is 2-pyrrolidone, delta-lactam, succinimide, 2-imidazolidinone, 4-imidazolidinone. More preferably, said monomer M1'' may be of formula (Ia) R1 R 2 C=C(R 3 )C(O)R in which the substituents R 1 , R 2 and R 3 are independently of each other selected from the group consisting of H and C1-C5alkyl; R is -OR' with R' selected from the group consisting of H and C1-C 18 alkyl optionally substituted by one or more group(s) –OH, -CO2H, -SO3H, -PO3H, -PO3H 2, -OC(O)R'', -C(O)O-R'' or a five- or ten-membered heterocycle comprising at least one nitrogen atom in its ring chain; R'' being selected from the group consisting of C1-C6alkyl or C6-C 12aryl optionally substituted by one or more group(s) –OH, -CO2H, -SO3H, -PO3H, -PO3H2. Preferably, the heterocycle is as defined above, in particular the heterocycle is 2-pyrrolidone, deltalactam, succinimide, 2-imidazolidinone, 4-imidazolidinone. Said substituent R' may be selected from the group consisting of H, methyl, ethyl, propyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, t-butyl, n-dodecyl, amyl, isoamyl, hexyl, 2-ethylhexyl, lauryl, n-octyl, hydroxyethyl, hydroxybutyl, hydroxypropyl, 2-pyrrolidone, deltalactam, succinimide, 2-imidazolidinone, 4-imidazolidinone ethyl substituted by a ureido group. In particular, said monomer M1'' is of formula (Ia) R 1 R 2 C=C(R 3 )C(O)R in which the substituents R 1 and R 2 are H; R 3 is H or CH3; R is -OR' with R' selected from the group consisting of H and C1-C 18alkyl optionally substituted by one or more group(s) –OH, -CO2H, -SO3H, -PO3H, -PO3H2, -OC(O)R'', -C(O)O-R''; R'' being selected from the group consisting of C1-C6alkyl or C6-C 12 aryl optionally substituted by one or more group(s) –OH, -CO2H, -SO3H, -PO3H, - PO3H2. More preferably, said monomer M1'' is of formula (Ia) R 1 R 2 C=C(R 3 )C(O)R in which the substituents R 1 and R 2 are H; R 3 is H or CH3; R is -OR' with R' selected from the group consisting of H and C1-C 15 alkyl optionally substituted by one or more group(s) –OH, -CO2H, -SO3H, -PO3H, -PO3H 2, -OC(O)R'', -C(O)O-R''; R'' being selected from the group consisting of C1-C6alkyl or C6-C 12 aryl optionally substituted by one or more group(s) –OH, -CO2H, -SO3H, -PO3H, -PO3H2. More particularly, said monomer M1'' is of formula (Ia) R1 R 2 C=C(R 3 )C(O)R in which the substituents R 1 and R 2 are H; R 3 is H or CH3; R is -OR' with R' selected from the group consisting of H and C1-C 10 alkyl optionally substituted by one or more group(s) –OH, -CO2H, -SO3H, -PO3H, -PO3H 2, -OC(O)R'', -C(O)O-R''; R'' being selected from the group consisting of C1-C6alkyl or C6-C 12aryl optionally substituted by one or more group(s) –OH, -CO2H, -SO3H, -PO3H, - PO3H2. Thus, said monomer M1'' may be acrylic acid, methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, propyl acrylate, n-butyl acrylate, isobutyl acrylate, t-butyl acrylate, n-dodecyl acrylate, amyl acrylate, isoamyl acrylate, hexyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, diacetone acrylamide, lauryl acrylate, n-octyl acrylate, hydroxypropyl methacrylate, hydroxybutyl methacrylate, hydroxyethyl methacrylate, hydroxyethyl acrylate, hydroxypropyl acrylate, hydroxybutyl acrylate, methacrylic acid, methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, propyl methacrylate, methacrylate n-butyl, isobutyl methacrylate, t-butyl methacrylate, n-dodecyl methacrylate, amyl methacrylate, isoamyl methacrylate, hexyl methacrylate,2-ethylhexyl methacrylate, lauryl methacrylate, n-octyl methacrylate, ureido methacrylate, monomers of formula CH2=CH(CO2CH2CH2CO2H), CH2=CH(CO2CH2CH2-OC(O)-CH2CH2CO2H), CH2=CH(CO2CH2CH2CH2-OC(O)-CH2CH2CO2H), CH2=CH(CO2CH(CH3)CH2-OC(O)-CH2CH2CO2H), CH2=CH(CO2CH2CH2-OC(O)-C6H4CO2H), CH2=CH(CO2CH2CH2CH2CH(CO2H)CH2CH2CO2H); and mixtures thereof. Among these, said monomer M1'' with an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms is preferred, and an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms is more preferable. Said fluoropolymer P1 may comprise one or more monomeric units derived from a monomer M1'' as defined herein, for example M1'' may be a mixture of methyl methacrylate, acrylic acid and methacrylic acid and the fluoropolymer P1 may thus comprise, for example, monomeric units derived from methyl methacrylate, methacrylic acid and acrylic acid. Generally,the fluoropolymer P1 preferably contains at least 50 mol% vinylidene fluoride, advantageously at least 60 mol% vinylidene fluoride, preferably at least 70 mol% vinylidene fluoride. The monomeric units derived from the monomer M1' or M1'' may be present in a content of 1 to 50%, advantageously 2 to 30% by weight relative to the weight of said fluoropolymer P1. According to a preferred embodiment, the fluoropolymer P1 is a copolymer of vinylidene fluoride (VDF) and hexafluoropropylene (HFP) (P(VDF-HFP)), having a mass content of hexafluoropropylene monomeric units of 2 to 30%, advantageously 2 to 25%, preferably 2 to 20%, preferably 4 to 15% by weight relative to the weight of said fluoropolymer P1. According to another embodiment, the fluoropolymer P1 is a copolymer of vinylidene fluoride (VDF) and hexafluoropropylene (HFP) (P(VDF-HFP)),having a mass content of hexafluoropropylene monomer units of 10 to 30%, advantageously of 10 to 25% by weight relative to the weight of said fluoropolymer P1. According to one embodiment, the fluoropolymer P1 is a copolymer of vinylidene fluoride and tetrafluoroethylene (TFE). According to one embodiment, the fluoropolymer P1 is a copolymer of vinylidene fluoride and chlorotrifluoroethylene (CTFE). According to one embodiment, the fluoropolymer P1 is a VDF-TFE-HFP terpolymer. According to one embodiment, the fluoropolymer P1 is a VDF-TrFE-TFE terpolymer (TrFE being trifluoroethylene). In these terpolymers, the mass content of VDF is at least 10%, the comonomers being present in variable proportions. According to a particular embodiment, the fluorinated polymer P1 comprises monomeric units carrying at least one of the following functions: carboxylic acid, carboxylic acid anhydride, carboxylic acid esters,epoxy groups (such as glycidyl), amide, hydroxyl, carbonyl, mercapto, sulfide, oxazoline, phenolic, ester, ether, siloxane, sulfonic, sulfuric, phosphoric, phosphonic. The function is introduced by a chemical reaction which may be grafting, or a copolymerization of the vinylidene fluoride (VDF) monomer with a monomer carrying at least one of said functional groups and a vinyl function capable of copolymerizing with vinylidene fluoride, according to techniques well known to those skilled in the art. Examples of monomers carrying an acid function and copolymerizable with vinylidene fluoride are listed among the monomer M1''. The content of functional groups in said fluorinated polymer P1 is at least 0.01 mol%, preferably at least 0.1 mol%, and at most 15 mol%, preferably at most 10 mol%. Thus,said fluoropolymer P1 may be, for example, a copolymer of vinylidene fluoride and a monomer M1'' selected from the group consisting of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, methyl (meth)acrylate, ethyl (meth)acrylate, hydroxyethyl(meth)acrylate, hydroxybutyl(meth)acrylate, hydroxypropyl(meth)acrylate, hydroxyethylhexyl(meth)acrylate and acryloyloxy propylsuccinate. Preferably, the content of monomer M1'' in said polymer P1 is from 0.01% to 5 mol%. In this embodiment, at least 40% of the units derived from monomer M1'' are distributed between two vinylidene fluoride units. The fluoropolymer P1 preferably has a high molecular weight. By high molecular weight, as used herein, is meant a fluoropolymer P1 having a melt viscosity greater than 100 Pa.s, preferably greater than 500 Pa.s, more preferably greater than 1000 Pa.s, according to ASTM method D-3835 measured at 232°C and 100 sec-1. According to a preferred embodiment,said fluoropolymer P1 is obtained in the form of a latex and the particle size of said fluoropolymer P1 is between 10 nm and 800 nm. The particle size is determined by laser granulometry. A particle size analyzer of the Malvern INSITEC System type is used for the measurement. This is carried out in a dry process by laser diffraction on a powder with a focal length of 100 mm. According to a preferred embodiment, said fluoropolymer P1 has a solid content of between 10% and 55%, preferably between 10% and 50%, in particular between 10 and 40%. Said polymer P2 comprises monomeric units derived from the compound of formula (I) according to the present invention. Said polymer P2 may also comprise monomeric units derived from a monomer M2, M2', M2'' or a mixture thereof. Said monomer M2 may be selected from the group consisting of vinylidene fluoride, vinyl fluoride, trifluoroethylene, chlorotrifluoroethylene, 1,2-difluoroethylene, tetrafluoroethylene, hexafluoropropylene, perfluoro(alkyl vinyl) ethers, perfluoro(1,3-dioxole), perfluoro(2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxole), the monomer of formula CF2=CFOCF2CF(CF3)OCF2CF2X in which X is SO2F, CO2H, CH2OH, CH2OCN or CH2OPO3H, the monomer of formula CF2=CFOCF2CF2SO2F, the monomer of formula F(CF2)nCH2OCF=CF2in which n is 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5, the monomer of formula R, 1 CH2OCF=CF2 in which R 1 is hydrogen or F(CF2)m and m is 1, 2, 3 or 4, the monomer of formula R 2 OCF=CH2in which R 2is F(CF2)p and p is 1, 2, 3 or 4, perfluorobutyl ethylene, trifluoropropene, tetrafluoropropene, hexafluoroisobutylene, perfluorobutylethylene, pentafluoropropene, bromotrifluoroethylene, chlorofluoroethylene, chlorotrifluoropropene, 2-trifluoromethyl-3,3,3-trifluoro-1-propene. Preferably, said fluorinated monomer M2 is selected from the group consisting of vinylidene fluoride, vinyl fluoride, trifluoroethylene, chlorotrifluoroethylene, 1,2-difluoroethylene, tetrafluoroethylene, hexafluoropropylene, perfluoro(alkyl vinyl) ethers, perfluoro(1,3-dioxole), perfluoro(2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxole), the monomer of formula CF2=CFOCF2CF(CF3)OCF2CF2X in which X is SO2F, CO2H, CH2OH, CH2OCN or CH2OPO3H, the monomer of formula CF2=CFOCF2CF2SO2F, the monomer of formula F(CF2)nCH2OCF=CF2in which n is 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5, the monomer of formula R 1 CH2OCF=CF2in which R 1 is hydrogen or F(CF2)m and m is 1, 2, 3 or 4, the monomer of formula R 2OCF=CH2in which R 2is F(CF2)p and p is 1, 2, 3 or 4. More preferably, said fluorinated monomer M2 is selected from the group consisting of vinylidene fluoride, vinyl fluoride, trifluoroethylene, chlorotrifluoroethylene, 1,2-difluoroethylene, tetrafluoroethylene, hexafluoropropylene. In particular, said fluorinated monomer M2 is vinylidene fluoride. Said monomer M2' is copolymerizable with said fluorinated monomer M2 or the compound (I) according to the invention.According to a preferred embodiment, said monomer M2' is different from monomer M2 and is selected from the group consisting of vinylidene fluoride, vinyl fluoride, trifluoroethylene, chlorotrifluoroethylene, 1,2-difluoroethylene, tetrafluoroethylene, hexafluoropropylene, perfluoro(alkyl vinyl) ethers, perfluoro(1,3-dioxole), perfluoro(2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxole), the monomer of formula CF2=CFOCF2CF(CF3)OCF2CF2X in which X is SO2F, CO2H, CH2OH, CH2OCN or CH2OPO3H, the monomer of formula CF2=CFOCF2CF2SO2F, the monomer of formula F(CF2)nCH2OCF=CF2in which n is 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5, the monomer of formula R. 1 CH2OCF=CF2in which R 1 is hydrogen or F(CF2)m and m is 1, 2, 3 or 4, the monomer of formula R 2 OCF=CH2in which R 2is F(CF2)p and p is 1, 2, 3 or 4, perfluorobutyl ethylene, trifluoropropene, tetrafluoropropene, hexafluoroisobutylene, perfluorobutylethylene, pentafluoropropene, bromotrifluoroethylene, chlorofluoroethylene, chlorotrifluoropropene, 2-trifluoromethyl-3,3,3-trifluoro-1-propene. According to a preferred embodiment, said fluorinated monomer M2 is vinylidene fluoride and said monomer M2' is selected from the group consisting of vinyl fluoride, trifluoroethylene, chlorotrifluoroethylene, 1,2-difluoroethylene, tetrafluoroethylene, hexafluoropropylene, perfluoro(alkyl vinyl) ethers, perfluoro(1,3-dioxole), perfluoro(2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxole), the monomer of formula CF2=CFOCF2CF(CF3)OCF2CF2X in which X is SO2F, CO2H, CH2OH, CH2OCN or CH2OPO3H, the monomer of formula CF2=CFOCF2CF2SO2F, the monomer of formula F(CF2)nCH2OCF=CF2in which n is 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5, the monomer of formula R 1 CH2OCF=CF2in which R 1is hydrogen or F(CF2)m and m is 1, 2, 3 or 4, the monomer of formula R 2 OCF=CH2in which R 2 is F(CF2)p and p is 1, 2, 3 or 4, perfluorobutyl ethylene, trifluoropropene, tetrafluoropropene, hexafluoroisobutylene, perfluorobutylethylene, pentafluoropropene, bromotrifluoroethylene, chlorofluoroethylene, chlorotrifluoropropene, 2-trifluoromethyl-3,3,3-trifluoro-1-propene. According to a particular embodiment, said fluorinated monomer M2 is vinylidene fluoride and said monomer M2' is selected from the group consisting of trifluoroethylene, chlorotrifluoroethylene, tetrafluoroethylene, hexafluoropropylene, perfluoro(alkyl vinyl) ethers, perfluoro(1,3-dioxole), perfluoro(2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxole), the monomer of formula CF2=CFOCF2CF(CF3)OCF2CF2X in which X is SO2F, CO2H, CH2OH, CH2OCN or CH2OPO3H, the monomer of formula CF2=CFOCF2CF2SO2F, the monomer of formula F(CF2)nCH2OCF=CF2in which n is 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5, the monomer of formula R1 CH2OCF=CF2in which R 1 is hydrogen or F(CF2)m and m is 1, 2, 3 or 4, the monomer of formula R 2 OCF=CH2in which R 2 is F(CF2)p and p is 1, 2, 3 or 4, perfluorobutylethylene. According to a particular embodiment, said fluorinated monomer M2 is vinylidene fluoride and said monomer M2' is selected from the group consisting of trifluoroethylene, chlorotrifluoroethylene, tetrafluoroethylene, hexafluoropropylene and perfluoro(alkyl vinyl) ethers. The perfluoro(alkyl vinyl) ether is for example perfluoro(methyl vinyl) ether, perfluoro(ethyl vinyl) ether, perfluoro(propyl vinyl) ether or perfluoro(butyl vinyl) ether. Said monomer M2'' is copolymerizable with said fluorinated monomer M2 or the compound (I) according to the invention. Optionally, said monomer M2'' is also copolymerizable with said monomer M2'. According to one embodiment, said monomer M2'' is of formula (Ia) R 1 R 2 C=C(R 3)C(O)R in which the substituents R 1 , R 2 and R 3 are, independently of each other, selected from the group consisting of H and C1-C5alkyl; R is selected from the group consisting of –NHC(CH3)2CH2C(O)CH3or –OR' with R' selected from the group consisting of H and C1-C 18 alkyl optionally substituted by one or more group(s) – OH, -CO2H, -SO3H, -PO3H, -PO3H2, -OC(O)R'', -C(O)O-R'' or a five- or ten-membered heterocycle comprising at least one nitrogen atom in its cyclic chain; R'' being selected from the group consisting of C1-C6 alkyl or C6-C12 aryl optionally substituted by one or more group(s) –OH, -CO2H, -SO3H, -PO3H, -PO3H2. Said monomer M2'' may therefore be of formula (Ia) R 1 R 2 C=C(R 3 )C(O)R in which the substituents R 1 , R 2 and R 3are, independently of each other, selected from the group consisting of H and C1-C5alkyl; R is selected from the group consisting of – NHC(CH3)2CH2C(O)CH3 or –OR' with R' selected from the group consisting of H and C1-C 18 alkyl optionally substituted by one or more groups –OH, -CO2H, -SO3H, -PO3H, -PO3H2, -OC(O)R'', -C(O)O-R'' or a five- or ten-membered heterocycle comprising at least one nitrogen atom in its cyclic chain; R'' being selected from the group consisting of C1-C6alkyl or C6-C 12aryl optionally substituted by one or more –OH, -CO2H, -SO3H, -PO3H group(s). Said heterocycle may be saturated or unsaturated or aromatic. Said heterocycle may be monocyclic or bicyclic. Said heterocycle may be a pyrrole, pyrrolidine, pyridine, piperidine, pyrimidine, pyrazine, 1,4-dihydropyridine, indole, oxindole, isatin, quinoline, isoquinoline, quinazoline, imidazoline, pyrazolidine, 2-pyrrolidone, deltalactam, succinimide, 2-imidazolidinone, 4-imidazolidinone ring. Said heterocycle may be substituted by one or more C1-C5alkyl groups. As mentioned above, the C1-C 18 alkyl is optionally substituted by said heterocycle. The latter may be linked to the alkyl chain by the nitrogen atom or any other atom forming the heterocycle. Preferably the heterocycle is 2-pyrrolidone, delta-lactam, succinimide, 2-imidazolidinone, 4-imidazolidinone. Advantageously, said monomer M2'' may be of formula (Ia) R 1 R2 C=C(R 3 )C(O)R in which the substituents R 1 , R 2 and R 3 are independently of each other selected from the group consisting of H and C1-C5alkyl; R is -OR' with R' selected from the group consisting of H and C1-C 18 alkyl optionally substituted by one or more group(s) –OH, -CO2H, -SO3H, -PO3H, -PO3H2, -OC(O)R'', -C(O)O-R'' or a five- or ten-membered heterocycle comprising at least one nitrogen atom in its cyclic chain; R'' being selected from the group consisting of C1-C6alkyl or C6-C 12aryl optionally substituted by one or more group(s) –OH, -CO2H, -SO3H, -PO3H, -PO3H2. Preferably, the heterocycle is as defined above, in particular the heterocycle is 2-pyrrolidone, deltalactam, succinimide, 2-imidazolidinone, 4-imidazolidinone. Said substituent R' may be selected from the group consisting of H, methyl, ethyl, propyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, t-butyl, n-dodecyl, amyl, isoamyl, hexyl, 2-ethylhexyl, lauryl, n-octyl, hydroxyethyl, hydroxybutyl, hydroxypropyl, 2-pyrrolidone, deltalactam, succinimide, 2-imidazolidinone, 4-imidazolidinone ethyl substituted by a ureido group. Preferably, said monomer M2'' is of formula (Ia) R 1 R 2 C=C(R 3 )C(O)R in which the substituents R 1 and R 2 are H; R 3 is H or CH3; R is -OR' with R' selected from the group consisting of H and C1-C 18alkyl optionally substituted by one or more group(s) –OH, -CO2H, -SO3H, -PO3H, -PO3H2, -OC(O)R'', -C(O)O-R''; R'' being selected from the group consisting of C1-C6alkyl or C6-C 12 aryl optionally substituted by one or more group(s) –OH, -CO2H, -SO3H, -PO3H, - PO3H2. More preferably, said monomer M2'' is of formula (Ia) R 1 R 2 C=C(R 3 )C(O)R in which the substituents R 1 and R 2 are H; R 3 is H or CH3; R is -OR' with R' selected from the group consisting of H and C1-C 15 alkyl optionally substituted by one or more group(s) –OH, -CO2H, -SO3H, -PO3H, -PO3H 2, -OC(O)R'', -C(O)O-R''; R'' being selected from the group consisting of C1-C6alkyl or C6-C 12 aryl optionally substituted by one or more group(s) –OH, -CO2H, -SO3H, -PO3H, -PO3H2. In particular, said monomer M2'' is of formula (Ia) R 1 R2 C=C(R 3 )C(O)R in which the substituents R 1 and R 2 are H; R 3 is H or CH3; R is -OR' with R' selected from the group consisting of H and C1-C 10 alkyl optionally substituted by one or more group(s) –OH, -CO2H, -SO3H, -PO3H, -PO3H 2, -OC(O)R'', -C(O)O-R''; R'' being selected from the group consisting of C1-C6alkyl or C6-C 12aryl optionally substituted by one or more group(s) –OH, -CO2H, -SO3H, -PO3H, - PO3H2. More particularly, said monomer M2'' may be acrylic acid, methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, propyl acrylate, n-butyl acrylate, isobutyl acrylate, t-butyl acrylate, n-dodecyl acrylate, amyl acrylate, isoamyl acrylate, hexyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, diacetone acrylamide, lauryl acrylate, n-octyl acrylate, hydroxypropyl methacrylate, hydroxybutyl methacrylate, hydroxyethyl methacrylate, hydroxyethyl acrylate, hydroxypropyl acrylate, hydroxybutyl acrylate, methacrylic acid, methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, propyl methacrylate, methacrylate n-butyl, isobutyl methacrylate, t-butyl methacrylate, n-dodecyl methacrylate, amyl methacrylate, isoamyl methacrylate, hexyl methacrylate,2-ethylhexyl methacrylate, lauryl methacrylate, n-octyl methacrylate, ureido methacrylate, monomers of formula CH2=CH(CO2CH2CH2CO2H), CH2=CH(CO2CH2CH2-OC(O)-CH2CH2CO2H), CH2=CH(CO2CH2CH2CH2-OC(O)-CH2CH2CO2H), CH2=CH(CO2CH(CH3)CH2-OC(O)-CH2CH2CO2H), CH2=CH(CO2CH2CH2-OC(O)-C6H4CO2H), CH2=CH(CO2CH2CH2CH2CH(CO2H)CH2CH2CO2H); and mixtures thereof. Among these, said monomer M2'' with an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms is preferred, and an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms is more preferable. Said fluoropolymer P2 may comprise one or more monomeric units derived from a monomer M2'' as defined herein, for example M2'' may be a mixture of methyl methacrylate, acrylic acid and methacrylic acid and the polymer P2 may thus comprise for example monomeric units derived from methyl methacrylate,methacrylic acid and acrylic acid. Said polymer P0 according to the present invention or said composition according to the present invention can be used in various applications. Thus, said polymer P0 according to the present invention or said composition according to the present invention can be used as a binder for an electrode (cathode or anode) or as a coating for a separator. Said polymer P0 according to the present invention or said composition according to the present invention can be used as a binder for an electrode. Thus, according to another aspect, the present invention provides an electrode composition comprising said polymer P0 according to the present invention or said composition according to the present invention, an active material and optionally a conductive agent. In a preferred embodiment, the electrode composition has the following mass composition: a. 50% to 99.95% active material, preferably 50% to 99%,b. 25% to 0% of conductive agent, preferably 25% to 0.5%, c. 25% to 0.05% of said polymer P0 according to the present invention or said composition according to the present invention, preferably 25% to 0.5%, d. 0% to 5% of at least one additive selected from the group consisting of a plasticizer, an ionic liquid, a dispersing agent for conductive additive, and a flow aid agent; the sum of all these percentages being 100%. The conductive agents in the electrode are composed of one or more materials that can improve conductivity. Some examples include carbon blacks such as acetylene black, Ketjen black; carbon fibers, such as a carbon nanotube, a carbon nanofiber, a vapor-grown carbon fiber; metal powders such as a SUS powder,and an aluminum powder. The active materials in the electrode compositions are materials that are capable of storing and releasing lithium ions. In a preferred embodiment, said electrode is a negative electrode. In particular, for a negative electrode, said active material is selected from the group consisting of a lithium alloy, lithium metal, a metal oxide, a carbon material such as graphite or hard carbon, silicon, a silicon alloy and Li4Ti5O, 12 . The shape of the negative electrode active material is not particularly limited but is preferably particulate. In another preferred embodiment, said electrode is a positive electrode. Preferably, for a positive electrode, said active material is selected from the group consisting of LiCoO2, Li(Ni, Co, AI)O2, Li (1+ x) Neither a Mn b Co c(x represents a real number of 0 or more, a = 0.9, 0.8, 0.6, 0.5, or 1 / 3, b = 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, or 1 / 3, c = 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, or 1 / 3), LiNiO2, LiMn2O4, LiCoMnO4, Li3NiMn3O3, Li3Fe2(PO4)3, Li3V2(PO4)3, a Li Mn spinel substituted by a different element having a composition represented by Li 1+x Mn 2-x-y M y O4, M representing at least one metal chosen from Al, Mg, Co, Fe, Ni, and Zn, x and y independently representing a real number between 0 and 2, lithium titanate Li x TiO y– x and y independently representing a real number between 0 and 2, and a lithium metal phosphate having a composition represented by LiMPO4, M representing Fe, Mn, Co, or Ni. The shape of the positive electrode active material is not particularly limited but is preferably particulate. In addition, the surface of each of the materials described above can be coated. The coating material is not particularly limited as long as it has lithium ion conductivity and contains a material capable of being maintained as a coating layer on the surface of the active material. Examples of the coating material include LiNbO3, Li4Ti5O 12, and Li3PO4. Said electrode composition can be deposited on at least one face of a current collector to form said electrode. This deposition can be carried out in the presence of an organic solvent, water, a mixture of both or by a solvent-free process. Said organic solvent can be selected from the group consisting of n-methylpyrrolidone (NMP), dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO), N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF), triethylphosphite (TEP), acetone, cyclopentanone, tetrahydrofuran, methyl ethylketone (MEK), methyl isobutyl ketone (MiBK), ethyl acetate (EA), butyl acetate (BA), ethylene carbonate (EC), propylene carbonate (PC), dimethyl carbonate (DMC), diethyl carbonate (DEC), ethyl methyl carbonate (EMC), gamma-butyrolactone and N-butylpyrrolidone; and mixtures thereof. According to another aspect of the present invention, a Li-ion battery is provided.Preferably, the Li-ion battery comprises a positive electrode, a negative electrode and a separator, at least one electrode being an electrode according to the present invention. Said battery preferably comprises an electrolyte salt selected from the group consisting of LiCF3SO3, LiPF6, LiClO4, LiBF4, LiB(C2O4)2, LiN(SO2F)2, LiN(SO2CF3)2, LiN(SO2C2F3)2, LiN(SO2C2F5)2, LiN(SO2F)(SO2CF3), LiN(SO2F)(SO2C2F5), LiN(SO2CF3)(SO2C2F5), LiAsF6, LiBF2C2O4, LiNO3, LiPF3(CF2CF3)3, LiBETI (Lithium bis(pentafluoroethanesulfonyl)imide), LiTDI (Lithium 4,5-dicyano-2-trifluoromethylimidazole), or a mixture thereof. According to another aspect of the present invention, said polymer P0 according to the present invention or said composition according to the present invention can be used as a coating in a separator arranged between two electrodes.Said separator according to the present invention comprises a coating comprising, preferably consisting of, said polymer P0 according to the present invention or said composition according to the present invention, optionally arranged on one or both faces of a porous support. In this case, the coating is used to coat the support of a separator, on at least one face, in the form of a monolayer or multilayers. There is no particular limitation in the choice of the support which is coated with the coating of the invention, as long as it is a porous substrate having pores. When it comprises several layers, the coating as described in the present invention is arranged on the external face of the support, that is to say on the face which will first be in contact with the electrolytic composition used in the battery. Advantageously, the application of the coating to the support is done by aqueous route or by solvent route.The porous substrate may take the form of a membrane or a fibrous fabric. When the porous substrate is fibrous, it may be a nonwoven web forming a porous web, such as a web obtained by direct spinning or melt-blowing (of the "spunbond" or "melt-blown" type) or electro-spinning. Examples of porous substrates useful in the invention as a support include, but are not limited to: polyolefins, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polyester, polyacetal, polyamide, polycarbonate, polyimide, polyetheretherketone, polyether sulfone, poly(phenylene oxide), poly(phenylene sulfide), polyethylene naphthalene or mixtures thereof. However, other heat-resistant engineering plastics may be used without particular limitation. Nonwoven materials made of natural and synthetic materials may also be used as the substrate of the separator.The porous substrate generally has a thickness of 1 to 50 µm, and are typically membranes obtained by extrusion and drawing (wet or dry process) or cast nonwovens. The porous substrate preferably has a porosity of between 5% and 95%. The average pore size (diameter) is preferably between 0.001 and 50 µm, more preferably between 0.01 and 10 µm. The support may also be aluminum or aluminum coated with a polymer layer. In addition to said composition, the separator coating may contain inorganic particles that serve to form micropores in the coating (the interstices between inorganic particles). The addition of inorganic particles may also contribute to heat resistance or improve wettability. According to one embodiment, said coating comprises from 50 to 99 percent by weight of inorganic particles, relative to the weight of the coating.These inorganic particles must be electrochemically stable (not subject to oxidation and / or reduction in the range of voltages used). Furthermore, the powdered inorganic materials preferably have a high ionic conductivity. Low density materials are preferred over higher density materials, since the weight of the produced battery can be reduced. The dielectric constant is preferably equal to or greater than 5. According to one embodiment, said inorganic particles are selected from the group consisting of: BaTiO3, Pb(Zr,Ti)O3, Pb. 1-x There x Zr y O3(0 <x<1, 0<y<1), PbMg3Nb 2 / 3O3, PbTiO3, HfO, HfO2, SrTiO3, SnO2, CeO2, MgO, NiO, CaO, ZnO, Y2O3, bohemite (y-AlO(OH)), Al2O3, TiO2, SiC, ZrO2, boron silicate, BaSO4, nano-clays, or mixtures thereof. The separator coating may optionally comprise from 0 to 15% by weight based on the polymer, and preferably 0.1 to 10% by weight of additives, selected from thickeners, pH adjusting agents, anti-settling agents, surfactants, wetting agents, fillers, anti-foaming agents and fugitive or non-fugitive adhesion promoters. The fillers mentioned herein in the additives are different from the inorganic particles mentioned above. According to another aspect of the present invention, a Li-ion battery is provided. Preferably, the Li-ion battery comprises a positive electrode, a negative electrode and said separator according to the present invention.Said battery preferably comprises an electrolyte salt selected from the group consisting of LiCF3SO3, LiPF6, LiClO4, LiBF4, LiB(C2O4)2, LiN(SO2F)2, LiN(SO2CF3)2, LiN(SO2C2F3)2, LiN(SO2C2F5)2, LiN(SO2F)(SO2CF3), LiN(SO2F)(SO2C2F5), LiN(SO2CF3)(SO2C2F5), LiAsF6, LiBF2C2O4, LiNO3, LiPF3(CF2CF3)3, LiBETI (Lithium bis(pentafluoroethanesulfonyl)imide), LiTDI (Lithium 4,5-dicyano-2-trifluoromethylimidazole), or a mixture thereof. According to another aspect of the present invention, said polymer P0 according to the present invention or said composition according to the present invention can be used in the preparation of a conductive polymer, a solid electrolyte for fuel cells, paints, cables, wires, anti-corrosion equipment for the chemical industry, coatings for construction or architecture. The coating can be a hydrophilic, hydrophobic or UV-absorbing coating.Generally, said polymer P0 according to the present invention or said composition according to the present invention have applications in the field of semiconductors and electronics, oil and gas, automotive, cabling, architecture and construction, aerospace, in the chemical industry where the polymer P0 according to the present invention or said composition according to the present invention can be used in production processes, in storage or transport equipment, as an anti-corrosion agent. Examples Example 1: preparation of a compound of formula. In a round-bottomed flask, 7 ml of triethylamine (0.05 mol) was mixed with 1.44 ml of 3-mercaptopropionic acid (0.01 mol), a cloudy and inhomogeneous solution was obtained. To this mixture, 2 ml of vinyl methacrylate (0.01 mol) was added, the reaction medium changed from turbid to a clear phase. After 24 h of stirring, 5 ml of acetic acid and 20 ml of water were poured into the medium, then extraction with 30 ml of ethyl acetate was carried out. The organic medium was separated and dried with MgCl2. Then, the solvent was removed under vacuum at 35 ° C. The final product with the formula CH2 = CH- OC(O)CH(CH3)CH2SCH2CH2CO2H was isolated as a clear liquid. The product obtained is soluble in water, acetone, DMSO, ethanol, dichloromethane or ethyl acetate. The product is characterized by NMR (300 MHz, DMSO d 6) δ 7.21 (dd 1H), 4.8 (dd 1H), 4.5 (dd, 1H), 2.85 – 2.73 (m, 2H), 2.72 – 2.62 (m, 3H), 2.48 (t, J = 7.0 Hz, 2H), 1.22 – 1.14 (m, 3H). Example 2: Preparation of a Polymer P0 A 250 ml high-pressure reactor was flushed with nitrogen. 80 ml of DMSO containing 0.4 g of KPS and 0.4 g of the compound prepared in Example 1 were added to the reactor. After that, it was filled at room temperature (22 °C) with 22 bar of VDF under stirring in order to saturate the solution well and heated to 90 °C. An exotherm occurred and the pressure was decreased. When no VF2 consumption was observed, the reactor was cooled and opened. After precipitation and washing with water, the obtained polymer was characterized by 1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO) δ 6.35 (tt, J = 54.9, 4.6 Hz, 1H), 5.51 (m, 1H), 4.10 (t, J = 14.3 Hz, 1H), 3.94 (t, J = 13.7 Hz, 1H), 2.98 – 2.78 (m, 214H), 2.26 (t, J = 14.9 Hz, 34H), 1.78 (t, J = 19.7 Hz, 3H), 1.13 (d, J = 6.2 Hz, 3H), 0.95 (t, J = 7.4 Hz, 1H).The incorporation rate of the compound prepared in Example 1 into the polymer is 0.7 mol% characterized by the displacement at 5.51 ppm. Example 3: Preparation of a polymer P0 In a horizontal and stirred 2 liter autoclave were added 700g of demineralized water. A solution (denoted SP1) at 2.0% by weight of a monomer CH2=CH-OC(O)CH(CH3)CH2SCH2CO2H in deionized water was prepared by adding 10.0 g of this monomer to 490.0 g of deionized water while stirring vigorously. A solution of potassium persulfate (KPS) (3.0% by weight) in deionized water was prepared by adding 15.0 g of KPS to 485.0 g of deionized water while stirring vigorously for 1 hour. The autoclave was started to stir at 72 rpm, heated to 83 °C, pressurized to 60 psi (414 kPa) with nitrogen, and vented to atmospheric pressure. This process was repeated two more times to remove air from the reactor.The reactor was then pressurized to 650 psi (4482 KPa) with vinylidene fluoride. The KPS solution was introduced into the reactor at a rate of 5.0 mL / min until a pressure increase of 1.0 psi (6.9 kPa) to 649 psi (4482 kPa) was noted. At this point, the feed rate of the KPS solution was reduced to 3.0 mL / min. The SP1 solution was then added at an average rate of 2.2 mL / min with VDF to maintain the reactor pressure at 650 psi (4482 KPa). The reaction continued for 117 minutes under these conditions, during which a total of 200.1 mL of SP1 solution and 292.5 g of vinylidene fluoride were added. At this time, the SP1 and VDF solution feeds were stopped, and the KPS solution feed rate was reduced to 0.5 mL / min. The reactor pressure dropped autogenously to 255 psi (1758 kPa) and cooled to 29 °C, at which point the reactor pressure was 186 psi (1282 kPa).The residual vinylidene fluoride was then vented, bringing the reactor pressure to atmospheric. Stirring was stopped and the reactor contents drained, yielding 1536.6 g of fluid latex with 27.3% solids and a particle size of 277 nm. 410 g of a powder was obtained by drying the latex in a forced-air convection oven at 60 °C overnight. NMR analysis. 1 H showed a concentration of 0.054 mol% of the monomer CH2=CH-OC(O)CH(CH3)CH2SCH2CO2H incorporated in the polymer P0.

Claims

Claims 1. Compound of formula (I) in which R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 are independently of each other selected from the group consisting of H and C1-C5alkyl; X is selected from the group consisting of C 1- C 18 alkyl, C 2- C 18 alkenyl, C 4- C 18 cycloalkenyl, C 3- C 18 cycloalkyl, C6-C 18 aryl, polyalkylene glycol, optionally carrying one or more functional groups selected from the group consisting of -F, –OR', -OC(O)R', -C(O)OR', -CN, -NR'2, -O-Si(OR')3, -Si(R')3, -SO3R', -O- P(O)(OR')2, -P(O)(OR')2, -C(O)R', -C(O)-S-R', -C(O)-NR'2, -NR'3 + wherein R' is independently selected for each substituent of the functional group from the group consisting of H, C 1- C 18 alkyl, C 2- C 18 alkenyl, C4- C 18 cycloalkenyl, C 3- C 18 cycloalkyl and C6-C 18 aryl; Y is selected from the group F, Cl, Br, I, -CN, -OR'', -C(O)OR'', -SO3R'', C(O)Cl, -O-Si(OR'')3, -Si(R'')3, -OP(O)(OR'')2, -P(O)(OR'')2, -C(O)R'', -C(O)-S-R'', -C(O)-NR''2with R'' selected from the group consisting of H, C 1- C 18 alkyl, C 2- C 18 alkenyl, C 4- C 18 cycloalkenyl, C 3- C 18 cycloalkyl and C6-C 18 aryl.

2. Compound of formula (I) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 are independently of each other selected from the group consisting of H and C1-C3alkyl; X is selected from the group consisting of C 1- C 10 alkyl, C 2- C 10 alkenyl, C 4- C 10 cycloalkenyl, C 3- C 10cycloalkyl, C6-C 10 aryl, polyalkylene glycol, optionally carrying one or more functional groups selected from the group consisting of -F, –OR', -OC(O)R', -C(O)OR', -CN, -NR'2, -O-Si(OR')3, -Si(R')3, -SO3R', -O- P(O)(OR')2, -P(O)(OR')2, -C(O)R', -C(O)-S-R', -C(O)-NR'2, -NR'3 + wherein R' is independently selected for each substituent of the functional group from the group consisting of H, C 1- C 10 alkyl, C 2- C 10 alkenyl, C 4- C 10 cycloalkenyl, C 3- C 10 cycloalkyl and C6-C 10 aryl; Y is selected from the group F, Cl, Br, I, -CN, -OR'', -C(O)OR'', -SO3R'', C(O)Cl, -O-Si(OR'')3, -Si(R'')3, -OP(O)(OR'')2, -P(O)(OR'')2, -C(O)R'', -C(O)-S-R'', -C(O)-NR''2with R'' selected from the group consisting of H, C 1- C 10 alkyl, C 1- C 10 alkyl, C 2- C 10 alkenyl, C4- C 10 cycloalkenyl, C 3- C 10 cycloalkyl and C6-C 10 aryl.

3. Compound according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is of formula (Ia) in which R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 are independently of each other selected from the group consisting of H, C1-C3alkyl; R 8 and R 9 are, independently of each other and independently for each of the units n, selected from the group consisting of H, C 1- C 10 alkyl, C 2- C 10 alkenyl, C 4- C 10 cycloalkenyl, C 3- C 10 cycloalkyl, C6-C 10aryl, polyalkylene glycol, optionally carrying one or more functional groups selected from the group consisting of -F, -OR', -OC(O)R', -C(O)OR', -CN, -NR'2, -O-Si(OR')3, -Si(R')3, -SO3R', -O- P(O)(OR')2, -P(O)(OR')2, -C(O)R', -C(O)-S-R', -C(O)-NR'2, -NR'3 + wherein R' is independently selected for each substituent of the functional group from the group consisting of H, C 1- C 10 alkyl, C 2- C 10 alkenyl, C 4- C 10 cycloalkenyl, C 3- C 10 cycloalkyl and C6-C 10 aryl; n is an integer from 1 to 15, preferably from 1 to 10, in particular from 1 to 5, more particularly from 2 to 5; Y is selected from the group F, Cl, Br, I, -CN, -OR'', -C(O)OR'', -SO3R'', C(O)Cl, -O-Si(OR'')3, -Si(R'')3, -OP(O)(OR'')2, -P(O)(OR'')2, -C(O)R'', -C(O)-S-R'', -C(O)-NR''2with R'' selected from the group consisting of H, C 1- C 10 alkyl, C 1- C10 alkyl, C 2- C 10 alkenyl, C 4- C 10 cycloalkenyl, C 3- C 10 cycloalkyl and C6-C 10 aryl.

4. Compound according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is of formula (Ia) in which R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 are independently of each other selected from the group consisting of H, C1-C3alkyl; R 8 and R 9 are, independently of each other and independently for each of the units n, selected from the group consisting of H, C 1- C5alkyl, C 3- C 10 cycloalkyl, C6-C 10 aryl, optionally carrying one or more functional groups selected from the group consisting of -F, -OR', -OC(O)R', -C(O)OR', -CN, -NR'2, -O- Si(OR')3, -Si(R')3, -SO3R', -OP(O)(OR')2, -P(O)(OR')2, -C(O)R', -C(O)-S-R', -C(O)-NR'2, -NR'3+ wherein R' is independently selected for each substituent of the functional group from the group consisting of H, C 1- C 10 alkyl, C 2- C 10 alkenyl, C 4- C 10 cycloalkenyl, C 3- C 10 cycloalkyl and C6-C 10 aryl; n is an integer from 1 to 15, preferably from 1 to 10, in particular from 1 to 5, more particularly from 2 to 5; Y is selected from the group -CN, -C(O)OR'', -SO3R'', -OP(O)(OR'')2, -P(O)(OR'')2, - with R'' selected from the group consisting of H, C 1- C 10 alkyl, C 2- C 10 alkenyl, C 4- C 10 cycloalkenyl, C 3- C 10 cycloalkyl and C6-C 10 aryl.

5. Compound according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is of formula (Ia) in which R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 5 , R 6 , R7 are independently of each other selected from the group consisting of H, C1-C3alkyl; R 8 and R 9 are, independently of each other and independently for each of the units n, selected from the group consisting of H, C 1- C5alkyl, C 3- C 10 cycloalkyl, C6-C 10 aryl, optionally carrying one or more functional groups selected from the group consisting of -F, -OR', -OC(O)R', -C(O)OR', -CN, -NR'2, -O- Si(OR')3, -Si(R')3, -SO3R', -OP(O)(OR')2, -P(O)(OR')2, -C(O)R', -C(O)-S-R', -C(O)-NR'2, -NR'3 + wherein R' is independently selected for each substituent of the functional group from the group consisting of H, C 1- C 10 alkyl, C 2- C 10 alkenyl, C 4- C 10 cycloalkenyl, C 3- C 10 cycloalkyl, C6-C 10aryl; preferably R' is independently selected for each substituent of the functional group from the group consisting of H and C 1- C3alkyl; n is an integer from 1 to 15, preferably from 1 to 10, in particular from 1 to 5, more particularly from 2 to 5; Y is selected from the group -C(O)OR'', -SO3R'', -OP(O)(OR'')2, -P(O)(OR'')2, - with R'' selected from the group consisting of H, C 1- C3alkyl; preferably R'' is H.

6. Process for preparing the compound according to any one of the preceding claims comprising a step a) of reaction between a compound of formula (IIa) and a thiol compound of formula (IIb) YX-SH in the presence of a base; in which R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 are independently of each other selected from the group consisting of H, C1-C5alkyl; X is selected from the group consisting of C 1- C18 alkyl, C 2- C 18 alkenyl, C 4- C 18 cycloalkenyl, C 3- C 18 cycloalkyl, C6-C 18 aryl, polyalkylene glycol, optionally carrying one or more functional groups selected from the group consisting of -F, –OR', -OC(O)R', -C(O)OR', -CN, -NR'2, -O-Si(OR')3, -Si(R')3, -SO3R', -O- P(O)(OR')2, -P(O)(OR')2, -C(O)R', -C(O)-S-R', -C(O)-NR'2, -NR'3 + wherein R' is independently selected for each substituent of the functional group from the group consisting of H, C 1- C 18 alkyl, C 2- C 18 alkenyl, C 4- C 18 cycloalkenyl, C 3- C 18 cycloalkyl, C6-C 18 aryl; Y is selected from the group F, Cl, Br, I, -CN, -OR'', -C(O)OR'', -SO3R'', C(O)Cl, -O-Si(OR'')3, -Si(R'')3, -OP(O)(OR'')2, -P(O)(OR'')2, -C(O)R'', -C(O)-S-R'', -C(O)-NR''2with R'' selected from the group consisting of H, C 1- C 18 alkyl, C 2- C 18 alkenyl, C 4- C 18 cycloalkenyl, C 3- C 18 cycloalkyl, C6-C 18 aryl; to form the compound of formula (I).

7. Process according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the thiol compound is of formula (IIb') R 8 and R 9 are, independently of each other and independently for each of the units n, selected from the group consisting of H, C 1- C 10 alkyl, C 2- C 10 alkenyl, C 4- C 10 cycloalkenyl, C 3- C 10 cycloalkyl, C6-C 10aryl, polyalkylene glycol, optionally carrying one or more functional groups selected from the group consisting of -F, -OR', -OC(O)R', -C(O)OR', -CN, -NR'2, -O-Si(OR')3, -Si(R')3, -SO3R', -O- P(O)(OR')2, -P(O)(OR')2, -C(O)R', -C(O)-S-R', -C(O)-NR'2, -NR'3 + wherein R' is independently selected for each substituent of the functional group from the group consisting of H, C 1- C 10 alkyl, C 2- C 10 alkenyl, C 4- C 10 cycloalkenyl, C 3- C 10 cycloalkyl, C6-C 10 aryl; n is an integer from 1 to 15, preferably from 1 to 10, in particular from 1 to 5, more particularly from 2 to 5; Y is selected from the group F, Cl, Br, I, -CN, -OR'', -C(O)OR'', -SO3R'', C(O)Cl, -O-Si(OR'')3, -Si(R'')3, -OP(O)(OR'')2, -P(O)(OR'')2, -C(O)R'', -C(O)-S-R'', -C(O)-NR''2with R'' selected from the group consisting of H, C 1- C 10 alkyl, C 1- C10 alkyl, C 2- C 10 alkenyl, C 4- C 10 cycloalkenyl, C 3- C 10 cycloalkyl, C6-C 10 aryl; to form the compound of formula (Ia).

8. Process according to any one of claims 6 or 7 characterized in that said base is selected from the group consisting of LiOH, NaOH, KOH, CsOH, RbOH, Mg(OH)2, Ca(OH)2, N(C m H 2m+1 )3with m being an integer from 1 to 10, N,N- Diisopropylethylamine, Morpholine, Pyridine, Pyrrolidine, Piperidine, Piperazine, 4- Methylmorpholine, N,N-Diisopropylethylamine, 1,8-Diazabicyclo(5.4.0)undec-7-ene, Triethylenediamine, 6-(Dibutylamino)-1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene, 1,8- Diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene bound to polystyrene, 1,5,7-Triazabicyclo[4.4.0]dec-5- ene, 7-Methyl-1,5,7-triazabicyclo[4.4.0]dec-5-ene, 1,1,3,3-Tetramethylguanidine, 2- tert-Butyl-1,1,3,3-tetramethylguanidine, 1,5,7-Triazabicyclo[4.4.0]dec-5-ene lié à du polystyrène, 1,4-Diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane, Quinuclidine, 1,5-Diazabicyclo(4.3.0)non-5- ene, 2,6-Di-tert-butylpyridine, 2,8,9-Trimethyl-2,5,8,9-tetraza-1- phosphabicyclo[3.3.3]undecane, Cyclodiphosphazane, Lithium diisopropylamide, sodium diisopropylamide, potassium diisopropylamide, magnesium diisopropylamide, calcium diisopropylamide, rubidium diisopropylamide, lithium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide, sodium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide, potassium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide, magnesium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide, calcium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide, rubidium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide, lithium tetramethylpiperidide, sodium tetramethylpiperidide, potassium tetramethylpiperidide, magnesium tetramethylpiperidide, calcium tetramethylpiperidide, rubidium tetramethylpiperidide, [18-crown-6]-KHF2, KHF2, N,N’-diisopropylimidazonium, bifluorure, tetrabutylammonium, N(C m H 2m+1)4 OH- with m being an integer from 1 to 10.

9. Process according to any one of claims 6 to 8 characterized in that, in step a), the molar content of said base is from 1 mol to 500 mol per 100 mol of said compound (IIb) or (IIb').

10. Process according to any one of claims 6 to 9 characterized in that step a) is carried out under an atmosphere containing less than 10 molar of oxygen, preferably step a) is carried out under a nitrogen atmosphere.

11. Polymer P0 comprising monomeric units derived from a fluorinated monomer M0 comprising a C=C double bond and at least one fluorine atom and monomeric units derived from the compound of formula (I) according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

12. Composition comprising a fluorinated polymer P1 and a polymer P2 comprising monomeric units derived from the compound of formula (I) according to any one of claims 1 to 5. 13.An electrode binder comprising said polymer according to claim 11 or said composition according to claim 12.

14. Separator comprising said polymer according to claim 11 or said composition according to claim 12.

15. Electrode comprising an active material, a binder according to claim 13 and optionally a conductive agent.

16. Electrode according to the preceding claim characterized in that said electrode is a positive electrode and the active material is selected from the group consisting of LiCoO2, Li(Ni, Co, AI)O2, Li (1+ x), Neither a Mn b Co c (x represents a real number of 0 or more, a = 0.9, 0.8, 0.6, 0.5, or 1 / 3, b = 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, or 1 / 3, c = 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, or 1 / 3), LiNiO2, LiMn2O4, LiCoMnO4, Li3NiMn3O3, Li3Fe2(PO4)3, Li3V2(PO4)3, a Li Mn spinel substituted by a different element having a composition represented by Li 1+x Mn 2-x-y M yO4, M representing at least one metal chosen from Al, Mg, Co, Fe, Ni, and Zn, x and y independently representing a real number between 0 and 2, lithium titanate Li x TiO y – x and y independently representing a real number between 0 and 2, and a lithium metal phosphate having a composition represented by LiMPO4, M representing Fe, Mn, Co, or Ni.

17. Electrode according to the preceding claim characterized in that said electrode is a negative electrode and the active material is selected from the group consisting of a lithium alloy, lithium metal, a metal oxide, a carbon material such as graphite or hard carbon, silicon, silicone, a silicon alloy and Li4Ti5O 12.

18. Li-ion secondary battery comprising a positive electrode, a negative electrode and a separator; said separator being according to claim 14 and / or one of said electrodes being according to any one of claims 15 to 17.

19. Use of the compound according to any one of claims 1 to 5 or of the polymer according to claim 11 or the composition according to claim 12 in the preparation of a conductive polymer, a solid electrolyte for fuel cells, paints, cables, wires, anti-corrosion equipment for the chemical industry, coatings for construction or architecture.

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