Waste textile opener and control method

Abstract

The present invention provides a waste textile opener and a control method. The waste textile opener comprises a housing, a cotton feeding plate, a cotton feeding roller, a safety cover plate, an opening beater, an output apparatus, an adjustable grid, and a control system, and is characterized in that the output apparatus comprises a raw material channel, a fan, a carding wire plate, a negative pressure cover, an air return pipe, and a diffusion box, wherein the raw material channel communicates with an air outlet port of the diffusion box, the bottom of an outlet end of the raw material channel communicates with the top of the negative pressure cover, and the negative pressure cover successively communicates with the fan and the diffusion box by way of the air return pipe. The control system controls an opener set formed by at least two openers, each opener in the opener set being of a modular structure, and the outlet end of the raw material channel in a preceding opener in the opener set being configured for connecting to a next opener. The airflow type output apparatus replaces a dust cage and an output roller mechanism of an existing opener, and is integrated with the opener. It has a simple and compact structure, with a high degree of automation and high production efficiency, and the control method enables the output apparatus to stably and continuously operate.

Description

Waste textile opening machine and control method Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of textile machinery manufacturing, and relates to the improvement of an opening machine, in particular to a waste textile opening machine and a control method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Opening machines are mainly used to loosen fibers, cotton, textiles and other materials. They tear large pieces of fabric into small pieces or bundles, and separate them during the opening process.

[0003] As shown in Figure 2, the existing waste textile opening machine includes a cotton feed plate 1, a cotton feed roller 2, an opening beater 3, a safety cover plate 4, an adjustable leaking bottom 13, a rotating dust cage 14, an output roller 16 and a support roller 17. The rotating dust cage 14 is provided with a dust filter suction groove 15. The output mechanism uses the rotating dust cage 14 to condense the opened raw materials, and then outputs the raw materials through the output roller 16. The existing opening machine has the following main problems:

[0004] 1. The opener must be equipped with a dust cage and an output roller motor. The dust cage needs to be equipped with dust filters and exhaust. Its structure is complex and the equipment failure rate is high.

[0005] 2. The semi-finished products after the opening machine are condensed in the dust cage, which will cause entanglement and wrapping, increasing the difficulty of subsequent opening and causing repeated opening of the fiber yarn after opening, causing fiber damage;

[0006] 3. There is no power when feeding at the connection of the opening unit, which may easily cause the cotton feeding roller to be squeezed to death;

[0007] 4. The unilateral suction of the dust cage of the opener will lead to uneven distribution of the raw material in the width direction, resulting in uneven opening in the next process;

[0008] 5. The output and feed of the opener are both open structures, which are easy to spray, shorten the machine cleaning cycle, and increase the workload of the operator.

[0009] How to design a waste textile opening machine and control method that uses an airflow-type discharge device to replace the existing dust cage and discharge roller mechanism of the opening machine and integrate it with the opening machine, with a simple and compact structure, good sealing, stable and reliable operation, high degree of automation and production efficiency? This is a technical problem that needs to be solved in this field. Summary of the Invention

[0010] In order to solve the problems and shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention provides a waste textile opening machine and a control method. An airflow output device is used to replace the existing opener dust cage and output roller mechanism, and is integrated with the opener. It has a simple and compact structure, a high degree of automation and production efficiency, and the control method enables the output device to operate stably and continuously.

[0011] The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0012] A waste textile opening machine comprises a casing, a cotton feeding plate, a cotton feeding roller, a safety cover plate, a loosening beater, an output device, an adjustable bottom leakage and a control system, characterized in that the output device comprises a raw material channel, a fan, a combing plate, a negative pressure hood, a return air duct and a diffusion box, the inlet end of the raw material channel is arranged below the loosening beater and is connected to the air outlet port of the diffusion box, the bottom of the outlet end of the raw material channel is connected to the top of the negative pressure hood, the side of the negative pressure hood is connected to the return air port of the fan through the return air duct, and the air outlet of the fan is connected to the air inlet port of the diffusion box, the control system controls an opening unit formed by at least two openers, and each opener in the opening unit is a modular structure, and the outlet end of the raw material channel in the front opener in the opening unit is used to connect to the next opener.

[0013] Improvements to the above technical solution: the raw material channel is a contraction section with a gradually decreasing cross-section from the inlet end to the middle, and the raw material channel is an adjustment section with adjustable height from the middle to the outlet end; a combing plate is provided at the bottom of the adjustment section in the raw material channel, and the top of the negative pressure hood covers the combing plate; the return air duct is a Y-shaped tube, one air inlet port of the Y-shaped tube is connected to the return air port of the fan, and the two air outlet ports of the Y-shaped tube are respectively connected to the two side surfaces of the negative pressure hood; the diffusion box is a labyrinth diffusion box, a baffle is provided in the labyrinth diffusion box, and a Z-shaped channel is formed, the cross-section of the labyrinth diffusion box along the direction of air flow movement becomes narrower and narrower, and the cross-section at its outlet is the smallest; the fan blows air into the raw material channel through the labyrinth diffusion box, forming air pressure to push the opened raw materials into the next opener, and the suction of the fan absorbs the airflow discharged from the combing plate through the negative pressure hood to form an air circulation.

[0014] Further improvement to the above technical solution: a pressure sensor is provided on the raw material channel, and the pressure sensor is connected to the control system to monitor the pressure in the raw material channel, control the rotation speed of the cotton feeding roller, and achieve uniform and stable feeding of the raw materials.

[0015] Further improvement to the above technical solution: a raw material thickness adjusting device is provided at the top of the adjusting section of the raw material channel, and the raw material thickness adjusting device includes a raw material thickness detection sensor, an adjusting motor, an adjusting plate, a guide key, a rack, a gear and a transmission shaft. The raw material thickness detection sensor is provided above the cotton feeding roller, and the raw material thickness detection sensor is connected to the control system. The adjusting plate serves as the top surface of the height-adjustable adjusting section. A support plate is provided on each side of the adjusting plate, a vertical hole is provided in the middle of the support plate, and a guide groove is provided on each side of the vertical hole on the support plate. The two ends of the transmission shaft respectively penetrate the vertical holes of the two support plates. The adjusting motor is installed on the casing, and the output shaft of the adjusting motor is connected to one end of the transmission shaft. A gear is provided at each end of the transmission shaft, and a rack meshed with it is provided on each side of the gear. Each rack is fixed on the inner side of the support plate, and a guide key is provided in each guide groove, and each guide key is connected to the casing.

[0016] Further improvement to the above technical solution: the head end of the combing plate is wider than the cross section of the raw material channel, and the tail end of the combing plate is narrower than the cross section of the raw material channel, so as to ensure smooth transfer of raw materials in the raw material channel.

[0017] Further improvement to the above technical solution: the outlet end of the raw material channel extends out of the casing, the bottom height of the outlet end of the raw material channel is consistent with the bottom height of the cotton feeding roller, the outlet end of the raw material channel in the front opener in the opening unit is connected with the cotton feeding roller in the lower opener, and the output and input of each opener in the opening unit form a fully enclosed structure.

[0018] The present invention provides a control method for a waste textile opening machine, comprising an opening machine, characterized in that the opening machine adopts the waste textile opening machine described above, and the control method comprises a method for controlling the pressure in a raw material channel, and the specific steps are as follows:

[0019] Step S1: The control system first sets a preset pressure value for the pressure sensor, and then obtains the actual pressure value in the raw material channel detected by the pressure sensor, and obtains the pressure difference from the preset pressure value;

[0020] Step S2: The control system uses PID logic to calculate and control the feeding speed of the cotton feed roller based on the pressure difference between the actual pressure value and the preset pressure value; when the actual pressure value is higher than the preset pressure value, the control system controls the cotton feed roller to reduce the feeding speed; when the actual pressure value is lower than the preset pressure value, the control system controls the cotton feed roller to speed up the feeding speed to achieve uniform and stable feeding of raw materials.

[0021] Furthermore, the control method also includes a method for controlling the thickness of the input raw material, and the specific steps are as follows:

[0022] Step 1: The control system first sets a preset raw material thickness value for the raw material thickness detection sensor. The control system detects the actual raw material thickness value input by the upstream opener through the raw material thickness detection sensor and obtains the thickness difference between the actual raw material thickness value and the preset raw material thickness value;

[0023] Step 2: Based on the thickness difference between the actual raw material thickness value and the preset raw material thickness value, PID logic is used, and the control system controls the regulating motor in the raw material thickness regulating device of the front-end opener to automatically adjust the thickness of the raw material channel; when the actual raw material thickness value is higher than the preset raw material thickness value, the raw material thickness regulating device of the front-end opener automatically reduces the thickness of its raw material channel; when the actual raw material thickness value is lower than the preset raw material thickness value, the raw material thickness regulating device of the front-end opener automatically increases the thickness of its raw material channel.

[0024] The advantages and positive effects of the present invention compared with the prior art are:

[0025] 1. The output device of the waste textile opening machine of the present invention replaces the existing dust cage and output roller mechanism of the opening machine and adopts airflow output. It has a simple and compact structure and is stable and reliable in use.

[0026] 2. The opener of the present invention adopts air pressure feeding to ensure the stability of the thickness and width of the fed raw materials;

[0027] 3. The output and input of the opener of the present invention are fully enclosed, which reduces spraying and makes the machine clean and tidy;

[0028] 4. The opener of the present invention adopts a pressure sensor to control the cotton feeding roller of the opener. The output device of the opener of the present invention is provided with a raw material thickness adjustment device, which can automatically adjust the raw material thickness to ensure the continuity and automation of the entire opening unit;

[0029] 5. The opening machine of the present invention adopts a modular design, and the number of configurations can be flexibly adjusted according to the different raw materials and production processes. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of an opening unit composed of two waste textile opening machines according to the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an existing opening unit;

[0032] FIG3 is a schematic diagram of an output device for a waste textile opening machine according to the present invention;

[0033] FIG4 is a schematic diagram of a raw material thickness adjustment device for a waste textile opening machine according to the present invention;

[0034] FIG5 is a schematic diagram of a needle plate for use in a waste textile opening machine according to the present invention.

[0035] The numbers in the figure are: 1. Cotton feeding plate; 2. Cotton feeding roller; 3. Opening beater; 4. Safety cover plate; 5. Pressure sensor; 6. Raw material thickness adjustment device; 61. Adjustment motor; 62. Adjustment plate; 63. Rack; 64. Guide key; 65. Gear; 66. Drive shaft; 7. Combing plate; 8. Raw material thickness detection sensor; 9. Negative pressure cover; 10. Return air duct; 11. Fan; 12. Diffuser box; 13. Adjustable bottom; 14. Dust cage; 15. Dust filter suction trough; 16. Output roller; 17. Support roller. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0037] Referring to Figures 1-5, an embodiment of a waste textile opening machine according to the present invention includes a housing, a cotton feed plate 1, a cotton feed roller 2, an opening beater 3, a safety cover plate 4, an output device, an adjustable bottom 13, and a control system. The output device includes a material channel, a fan 11, a pin plate 7, a negative pressure hood 9, a return air duct 10, and a diffusion box 12. The inlet end of the material channel is located below the opening beater 3 and communicates with the air outlet port of the diffusion box 12. The bottom of the outlet end of the material channel communicates with the top of the negative pressure hood 9. The side of the negative pressure hood 9 communicates with the return air port of the fan 11 via the return air duct 10. The air outlet of the fan 11 communicates with the air inlet port of the diffusion box 12. The control system controls an opening unit consisting of at least two opening machines. Each opening machine in the opening unit is modular in structure. The outlet end of the material channel in the preceding opening machine in the opening unit is connected to the subsequent opening machine.

[0038] Specifically, the material channel has a tapered section with a gradually decreasing cross-section from the inlet to the middle, and a height-adjustable section from the middle to the outlet. A pin plate 7 is located at the bottom of the adjustable section, and the top of the negative pressure hood 9 covers the pin plate 7. The return air duct 10 is a Y-shaped tube, one inlet of which connects to the return air outlet of the fan 11, and the other outlets of which connect to the two sides of the negative pressure hood 9. The diffuser box 10 is a labyrinth-type diffuser box. Baffles are installed within the labyrinth diffuser box 12, forming a Z-shaped channel. The cross-section of the labyrinth diffuser 12 gradually narrows along the direction of airflow, reaching its minimum cross-section at the outlet. The fan 11 blows air into the material channel through the labyrinth diffuser 12, generating air pressure that pushes the opened material into the next opener. The suction from the fan 11 absorbs the airflow from the pin plate 7 through the negative pressure hood 9, creating an air circulation system.

[0039] Furthermore, a pressure sensor 5 is provided on the raw material channel, and the pressure sensor 5 is connected to the control system for monitoring the pressure in the raw material channel, controlling the rotation speed of the cotton feeding roller 2, and achieving uniform and stable feeding of the raw materials.

[0040] Furthermore, a stock thickness adjustment device 6 is installed at the top of the adjustment section of the stock channel. This device includes a stock thickness detection sensor 8, an adjustment motor 61, an adjustment plate 62, a rack 63, a guide key 64, a gear 65, and a drive shaft 66. The stock thickness detection sensor 8 is located above the cotton feed roller 2 and is connected to the control system. The adjustment plate 62 serves as the top surface of the height-adjustable adjustment section. A support plate is installed on each side of the adjustment plate 62. A vertical hole is provided in the middle of the support plate, and a guide groove is provided on each side of the vertical hole. The two ends of the transmission shaft 66 are respectively inserted into the vertical holes of the two support plates. The adjusting motor 61 is installed on the casing. The output shaft of the adjusting motor 61 is connected to one end of the transmission shaft 66. A gear 65 is provided at each end of the transmission shaft 66. There is a rack 63 meshing with it on each side of the gear 65. Each tooth 63 is fixed on the inner side of the support plate. A guide key 64 is provided in each guide groove, and each guide key 64 is connected to the casing.

[0041] Furthermore, the head end of the above-mentioned combing pin plate 7 is wider than the cross-section of the raw material channel, and the tail end of the combing pin plate 7 is narrower than the cross-section of the raw material channel, so as to ensure smooth transfer of raw materials in the raw material channel.

[0042] Furthermore, the outlet end of the raw material channel extends out of the casing, the bottom height of the outlet end of the raw material channel is consistent with the bottom height of the cotton feeding roller 2, the outlet end of the raw material channel in the front opener in the opening unit is connected with the cotton feeding roller 2 in the lower opener, and the output and input of each opener in the opening unit form a fully enclosed structure.

[0043] 1 to 5 , an embodiment of a control method for a waste textile opening machine according to the present invention includes an opening machine, wherein the opening machine is the waste textile opening machine of the above embodiment. The control method includes a method for controlling the pressure in a raw material channel, and the specific steps are as follows:

[0044] Step S1: The control system first sets a preset pressure value for the pressure sensor 5, and then obtains the actual pressure value detected by the pressure sensor 5 in the raw material channel, and obtains the pressure difference from the preset pressure value;

[0045] Step S2: The control system uses PID logic to calculate and control the feeding speed of the cotton feed roller 2 based on the pressure difference between the actual pressure value and the preset pressure value; when the actual pressure value is higher than the preset pressure value, the control system controls the cotton feed roller 2 to reduce the feeding speed; when the actual pressure value is lower than the preset pressure value, the control system controls the cotton feed roller 2 to speed up the feeding speed to achieve uniform and stable feeding of raw materials.

[0046] Furthermore, the above control method also includes a method for controlling the thickness of the input raw material, and the specific steps are as follows:

[0047] Step 1: The control system first sets a preset raw material thickness value for the raw material thickness detection sensor 8. The control system detects the actual raw material thickness value input by the upstream opener through the raw material thickness detection sensor 8, and obtains the thickness difference between the actual raw material thickness value and the preset raw material thickness value;

[0048] Step 2: Based on the difference between the actual stock thickness and the preset stock thickness, the control system uses PID logic to control the regulating motor 61 in the stock thickness regulating device 6 of the upstream opener to automatically adjust the stock passage thickness. When the actual stock thickness exceeds the preset stock thickness, the stock thickness regulating device 6 of the upstream opener automatically decreases the stock passage thickness; when the actual stock thickness falls below the preset stock thickness, the stock thickness regulating device 6 of the upstream opener automatically increases the stock passage thickness.

[0049] Of course, the above description is not a limitation of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above examples. Changes, modifications, additions or substitutions made by ordinary technicians in this technical field within the essential scope of the present invention should also fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A waste textile opening machine, comprising a housing, a cotton feeding plate, a cotton feeding roller, a safety cover, an opening beater, an output device, an adjustable bottom and a control system, characterized in that: The output device includes a raw material channel, a fan, a combing plate, a negative pressure hood, a return air duct and a diffusion box. The inlet end of the raw material channel is arranged below the opener and is connected to the air outlet port of the diffusion box. The bottom of the outlet end of the raw material channel is connected to the top of the negative pressure hood. The side of the negative pressure hood is connected to the return air port of the fan through the return air duct. The air outlet of the fan is connected to the air inlet port of the diffusion box. The control system controls an opening unit formed by at least two openers. Each opener in the opening unit is a modular structure. The outlet end of the raw material channel in the front opener in the opening unit is used to connect to the next opener.

2. The waste textile opening machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The raw material channel is a contraction section with a gradually decreasing cross-section from the inlet end to the middle, and the raw material channel is an adjustment section with adjustable height from the middle to the outlet end; a combing plate is provided at the bottom of the adjustment section in the raw material channel, and the top of the negative pressure hood covers the combing plate; the return air duct is a Y-shaped tube, one air inlet port of the Y-shaped tube is connected to the return air port of the fan, and the two air outlet ports of the Y-shaped tube are respectively connected to the two side surfaces of the negative pressure hood; the diffusion box is a labyrinth diffusion box, and a baffle is provided in the labyrinth diffusion box to form a Z-shaped channel. The cross-section of the labyrinth diffusion box along the direction of air flow movement becomes narrower and narrower, and the cross-section at its outlet is the smallest; the fan blows air into the raw material channel through the labyrinth diffusion box to form air pressure to push the opened raw materials into the next opener, and the suction of the fan absorbs the airflow discharged from the combing plate through the negative pressure hood to form an air circulation.

3. The waste textile opening machine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: A pressure sensor is provided on the raw material channel, and the pressure sensor is connected to the control system for monitoring the pressure in the raw material channel and controlling the rotation speed of the cotton feeding roller to achieve uniform and stable feeding of the raw materials.

4. The waste textile opening machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: A raw material thickness adjusting device is provided at the top of the adjusting section of the raw material channel, and the raw material thickness adjusting device includes a raw material thickness detection sensor, an adjusting motor, an adjusting plate, a guide key, a rack, a gear and a transmission shaft. The raw material thickness detection sensor is arranged above the cotton feeding roller, and the raw material thickness detection sensor is connected to the control system. The adjusting plate serves as the top surface of the height-adjustable adjusting section. A support plate is provided on each side of the adjusting plate, a vertical hole is provided in the middle of the support plate, and a guide groove is provided on each side of the vertical hole on the support plate. The two ends of the transmission shaft respectively penetrate the vertical holes of the two support plates, the adjusting motor is installed on the casing, the output shaft of the adjusting motor is connected to one end of the transmission shaft, a gear is provided at each end of the transmission shaft, and a rack meshed with it is provided on each side of the gear, and each rack is fixed on the inner side surface of the support plate, a guide key is provided in each guide groove, and each guide key is connected to the casing.

5. The waste textile opening machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The head end of the combing plate is wider than the cross section of the raw material channel, and the tail end of the combing plate is narrower than the cross section of the raw material channel, so as to ensure smooth transfer of raw materials in the raw material channel.

6. The waste textile opening machine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The outlet end of the raw material channel extends out of the casing, and the bottom height of the outlet end of the raw material channel is consistent with the bottom height of the cotton feeding roller. The outlet end of the raw material channel in the front opener in the opening unit is connected with the cotton feeding roller in the lower opener, and the output and input of each opener in the opening unit form a fully enclosed structure.

7. The waste textile opening machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: The outlet end of the raw material channel extends out of the casing, and the bottom height of the outlet end of the raw material channel is consistent with the bottom height of the cotton feeding roller. The outlet end of the raw material channel in the front opener in the opening unit is connected with the cotton feeding roller in the lower opener, and the output and input of each opener in the opening unit form a fully enclosed structure.

8. The waste textile opening machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: The outlet end of the raw material channel extends out of the casing, and the bottom height of the outlet end of the raw material channel is consistent with the bottom height of the cotton feeding roller. The outlet end of the raw material channel in the front opener in the opening unit is connected with the cotton feeding roller in the lower opener, and the output and input of each opener in the opening unit form a fully enclosed structure.

9. A control method for a waste textile opening machine, comprising an opening machine, characterized in that: The opening machine adopts the waste textile opening machine according to any one of claims 3-4, 7-8, and the control method includes a pressure control method in the raw material channel, and the specific steps are as follows: Step S1: The control system first sets a preset pressure value for the pressure sensor, and then obtains the actual pressure value in the raw material channel detected by the pressure sensor, and obtains the pressure difference from the preset pressure value; Step S2: The control system uses PID logic to calculate and control the feeding speed of the cotton feed roller based on the pressure difference between the actual pressure value and the preset pressure value; when the actual pressure value is higher than the preset pressure value, the control system controls the cotton feed roller to reduce the feeding speed; when the actual pressure value is lower than the preset pressure value, the control system controls the cotton feed roller to speed up the feeding speed to achieve uniform and stable feeding of raw materials.

10. The control method of the waste textile opening machine according to claim 9, characterized in that: The control method also includes inputting a material thickness control method, and the specific steps are as follows: Step 1: The control system first sets a preset raw material thickness value for the raw material thickness detection sensor. The control system detects the actual raw material thickness value input by the upstream opener through the raw material thickness detection sensor and obtains the thickness difference between the actual raw material thickness value and the preset raw material thickness value; Step 2: Based on the thickness difference between the actual raw material thickness value and the preset raw material thickness value, PID logic is used, and the control system controls the regulating motor in the raw material thickness regulating device of the front-end opener to automatically adjust the thickness of the raw material channel; when the actual raw material thickness value is higher than the preset raw material thickness value, the raw material thickness regulating device of the front-end opener automatically reduces the thickness of its raw material channel; when the actual raw material thickness value is lower than the preset raw material thickness value, the raw material thickness regulating device of the front-end opener automatically increases the thickness of its raw material channel.

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