Aluminum alloy surface ultrasonic cladding method and ultrasonic cladding device

Abstract

The present application relates to an aluminum alloy surface ultrasonic cladding method and an ultrasonic cladding device. The method comprises: subjecting an area to be cladded of an aluminum alloy part in a solder molten pool to an ultrasonic cladding operation by means of an ultrasonic cladding process, so as to form a weldable coating on said area; and subjecting the aluminum alloy part, which has been subjected to the ultrasonic cladding process, to an infiltration operation, so as to optimize the weldable coating. In the present application, the weldable coating is firstly formed in said area of the aluminum alloy part by means of ultrasonic cladding, and is then subjected to an infiltration operation, such that pores in the edge of the weldable coating are sealed by means of the surface tension of the solder during an infiltration operation, thereby reducing the generation of pores, and the obtained weldable coating has excellent corrosion resistance.

Description

Aluminum alloy surface ultrasonic cladding method and ultrasonic cladding device

[0001] Related applications

[0002] This application claims priority to Chinese patent application number 202410401558.4, filed on April 2, 2024, entitled “Ultrasonic Cladding Method and Ultrasonic Cladding Device for Aluminum Alloy Surface,” the entire text of which is incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] The present application relates to the field of welding auxiliary technology, and in particular to an aluminum alloy surface ultrasonic cladding method and an ultrasonic cladding device. Background Art

[0004] With the development of society and the advancement of science and technology, more and more parts are made of aluminum alloy. Various different aluminum alloy parts can be connected to each other to achieve different functions. However, because aluminum alloy is an active metal, a dense oxide film is formed on its surface due to instantaneous oxidation. This oxide film makes it impossible to achieve reliable low-temperature brazing connections between aluminum alloy parts. The traditional solution is to electroplate the surface of aluminum alloy parts (for example, electroplating copper and tin layers in sequence) to form a solderable coating, which can then be welded to other parts. However, the electroplating process has serious environmental pollution, complex procedures, high power consumption, and high costs, which does not conform to the development direction of green, low-carbon, and environmentally friendly.

[0005] In the related art, a technical solution of using ultrasonic cladding technology to form a solderable coating is proposed. However, in the process of forming the solderable coating, pores are easily generated at the edge of the solderable coating, causing pore corrosion and reducing the corrosion resistance of the solderable coating.

[0006] Summary of the Invention

[0007] Based on this, it is necessary to provide an ultrasonic cladding method and an ultrasonic cladding device for aluminum alloy surface that can improve the corrosion resistance of weldable coating in order to solve the above technical problems.

[0008] In a first aspect, the present application provides a method for ultrasonic cladding of an aluminum alloy surface. The method comprises: performing an ultrasonic cladding operation on a region to be clad of an aluminum alloy part in a molten solder pool to form a solderable coating on the region to be clad; and performing an infiltration operation on the aluminum alloy part after the ultrasonic cladding operation to optimize the solderable coating.

[0009] In one embodiment, the solder pool is filled with a first solder, and the first solder is a zinc-containing material.

[0010] In one embodiment, the zinc-containing material includes at least one of zinc, zinc-aluminum alloy, zinc-magnesium alloy, zinc-copper alloy, tin-zinc alloy, tin-zinc-copper alloy, tin-zinc-silver alloy, and tin-zinc-silver-copper alloy.

[0011] In one embodiment, the ultrasonic cladding process is performed on the area to be clad of the aluminum alloy part in a solder molten pool to form a solderable coating in the area to be clad, including the steps of: setting a cladding temperature of the ultrasonic cladding process; wherein the cladding temperature is greater than a first preset temperature of the solder liquidus temperature, and the first preset temperature is 10 degrees Celsius to 200 degrees Celsius.

[0012] In one embodiment, the ultrasonic cladding process is performed on the area to be clad of the aluminum alloy part in a solder molten pool to form a weldable coating in the area to be clad, comprising the steps of: setting ultrasonic parameters of the ultrasonic cladding process, the ultrasonic parameters including ultrasonic frequency, ultrasonic power and ultrasonic time; wherein the ultrasonic frequency is 20 kHz to 80 kHz, the ultrasonic power is 60 watts to 1000 watts, and the ultrasonic time is 0.1 second to 100 seconds.

[0013] In one embodiment, the infiltration operation on the aluminum alloy part after the ultrasonic cladding process comprises the steps of:

[0014] The aluminum alloy part that has undergone the ultrasonic cladding process is subjected to the infiltration operation in an infiltration tank equipped with a second solder; wherein the second solder is a tin-containing material.

[0015] In one embodiment, the tin-containing material includes at least one of tin, tin-copper alloy, tin-silver alloy, tin-silver-copper alloy, tin-gold alloy, tin-bismuth alloy, tin-bismuth-copper alloy, and tin-lead alloy.

[0016] In one embodiment, the infiltration operation of the aluminum alloy part that has undergone the ultrasonic cladding process in an infiltration tank equipped with a second solder includes the steps of: setting the temperature of the infiltration operation, the temperature of the infiltration operation being greater than the second preset temperature of the liquidus temperature of the second solder in the infiltration tank; wherein the second preset temperature is 30 degrees Celsius to 200 degrees Celsius.

[0017] In one embodiment, the infiltration operation of the aluminum alloy part that has undergone the ultrasonic cladding process includes the steps of: immersing the weldable coating in an infiltration tank and then taking out the aluminum alloy part; rotating the weldable coating by a preset angle and then immersing it in the infiltration tank again until the number of infiltration operations reaches a preset number.

[0018] In one embodiment, the aluminum alloy part is a radiation unit or a phase shifter.

[0019] In one embodiment, before the step of performing ultrasonic cladding operation on the area to be clad of the aluminum alloy part in the solder molten pool through the ultrasonic cladding process to form a solderable coating on the area to be clad, the method further includes: cleaning the aluminum alloy part; and drying and heating the cleaned aluminum alloy part.

[0020] In one embodiment, the step of drying and heating the cleaned aluminum alloy part comprises: placing the cleaned aluminum alloy part in a drying and heating furnace and heating it for 5 seconds to 100 seconds.

[0021] In one embodiment, after the step of performing an infiltration operation on the aluminum alloy part that has undergone the ultrasonic cladding process, the method further includes: cleaning the weldable coating by high-pressure hot air.

[0022] In one embodiment, the cleaning of the solderable coating by high-pressure hot air includes the steps of: setting the cleaning parameters of the high-pressure hot air, the cleaning parameters including: blowing temperature, blowing pressure and blowing time; wherein, the blowing temperature is 20 degrees Celsius to 500 degrees Celsius, the blowing pressure is 5 liters per minute to 100 liters per minute, and the blowing time is 0.1 seconds to 100 seconds.

[0023] In a second aspect, the present application further provides an ultrasonic cladding apparatus for aluminum alloy surfaces. The apparatus comprises: ultrasonic cladding equipment for ultrasonically cladding an area of ​​an aluminum alloy part in a molten solder pool using an ultrasonic cladding process to form a solderable coating on the area; and infiltration treatment equipment for infiltrating the aluminum alloy part after the ultrasonic cladding process to optimize the solderable coating.

[0024] The details of one or more embodiments of the present application are set forth in the accompanying drawings and the description below. Other features, objects, and advantages of the present application will become apparent from the description, drawings, and claims. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the conventional technology, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the conventional technology descriptions. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the disclosed drawings without any creative work.

[0026] FIG1 is a schematic flow diagram of an ultrasonic cladding method for an aluminum alloy surface according to an embodiment;

[0027] FIG2 is a schematic diagram of a process of an infiltration operation in one embodiment;

[0028] FIG3 is a schematic flow chart of an ultrasonic cladding method for aluminum alloy surface according to another embodiment;

[0029] FIG4 is a schematic flow chart of a method for ultrasonic cladding of aluminum alloy surfaces in another embodiment;

[0030] FIG5 is a topographical diagram of the interface between the aluminum alloy vibrator and the solderable coating in one embodiment;

[0031] FIG6 is a topographical diagram of the interface between the aluminum alloy vibrator and the solderable coating in another embodiment;

[0032] FIG7 is a module diagram of an ultrasonic cladding device for aluminum alloy surface in one embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of this application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of this application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0034] As described in the background technology, the ultrasonic cladding technology in the prior art has the problem of weak corrosion resistance of the solderable coating. Research has found that the reason for this problem is that the ultrasonic cladding technology uses the ultrasonic cavitation effect to achieve direct cladding of the solder liquid on the surface of the aluminum alloy part. However, the electrode potential difference between the aluminum alloy and the solder (tin-based solder) is large, and the interface interaction effect is weak, so the formed solderable coating has poor salt spray corrosion resistance. In addition, the cavitation effect is weak in the area of ​​the solder wetting front, and it is easy to produce pores at the edge of the solderable coating, causing pore corrosion, which further reduces the corrosion resistance of the solderable coating.

[0035] Based on the above reasons, the present application provides an aluminum alloy surface ultrasonic cladding method and ultrasonic cladding device, which can reduce the generation of pores at the edge of the weldable coating and make the obtained weldable coating have excellent corrosion resistance.

[0036] The ultrasonic cladding method for aluminum alloy surface provided in the embodiment of the present application can be applied to an ultrasonic cladding device. The ultrasonic cladding device has functions such as cleaning, drying and heating, ultrasonic cladding, infiltration and high-pressure hot air. The controller of the ultrasonic cladding device can implement the ultrasonic cladding method for aluminum alloy surface of the present application by executing corresponding control instructions.

[0037] In one embodiment, as shown in FIG1 , a method for ultrasonic cladding of an aluminum alloy surface is provided. The method is described by taking an ultrasonic cladding device as an example, and includes the following steps:

[0038] Step S110 , performing ultrasonic cladding operation on the to-be-clad area of ​​the aluminum alloy part in a solder molten pool through an ultrasonic cladding process, so as to form a solderable coating on the to-be-clad area.

[0039] Specifically, when ultrasonic cladding is performed on an aluminum alloy part, the aluminum alloy part is first placed in a solder pool, in which molten solder exists, and the area to be clad of the aluminum alloy part is immersed in the solder. Ultrasonic vibration is then applied to the aluminum alloy part to cause the solder to be clad on the area to be clad of the aluminum alloy part. After the ultrasonic cladding is completed, the aluminum alloy part is removed from the solder pool, and a solderable coating is formed on the area to be clad. In some embodiments, a first solder is installed in the solder pool, and the first solder is a zinc-containing material. Due to the strong interaction and large mutual solubility between zinc atoms and aluminum atoms, a continuous zinc-aluminum alloy solid solution can be formed at the cladding interface, thereby enhancing the interfacial bonding force and reducing pore initiation. In some embodiments, the zinc-containing material includes at least one of: zinc, zinc-aluminum alloy, zinc-magnesium alloy, zinc-copper alloy, tin-zinc alloy, tin-zinc-copper alloy, tin-zinc-silver alloy, and tin-zinc-silver-copper alloy.

[0040] Step S120 , performing an infiltration operation on the aluminum alloy part that has undergone the ultrasonic cladding process to optimize the weldable coating.

[0041] Specifically, after a solderable coating is formed in the cladding area on the surface of the aluminum alloy part, the aluminum alloy part is placed in an infiltration tank for infiltration operation. There is molten solder in the infiltration tank, and the solder can infiltrate into the edge pores of the solderable coating to seal the edge pores, thereby improving the corrosion resistance of the solderable coating. It is understandable that the solders used in the ultrasonic cladding operation and the infiltration operation can be the same or different, and can be selected according to specific usage requirements. In some embodiments, the aluminum alloy part that has undergone an ultrasonic cladding process is infiltrated in an infiltration tank equipped with a second solder; wherein the second solder is a tin-containing material. In some embodiments, the tin-containing material includes at least one of tin, tin-copper alloy, tin-silver alloy, tin-silver-copper alloy, tin-gold alloy, tin-bismuth alloy, tin-bismuth-copper alloy, and tin-lead alloy. By setting the second solder to a tin-containing material, a solder layer is added to the surface of the solderable coating to improve its solderability.

[0042] The above-mentioned ultrasonic cladding method for aluminum alloy surface first forms a solderable coating on the area to be clad of the aluminum alloy part through ultrasonic cladding, and then performs an infiltration operation on the solderable coating. The surface tension of the solder during the infiltration operation is used to close the pores at the edge of the solderable coating, thereby reducing the generation of pores and making the obtained solderable coating have excellent corrosion resistance.

[0043] In one embodiment, in step S110, an ultrasonic cladding process is performed on a region of an aluminum alloy part to be clad in a molten solder pool to form a solderable coating on the region to be clad, including the steps of: setting a cladding temperature for the ultrasonic cladding process; wherein the cladding temperature is greater than a first preset temperature, which is a liquidus temperature of the solder, and the first preset temperature is between 10 degrees Celsius and 200 degrees Celsius. Specifically, when performing the ultrasonic cladding process on the aluminum alloy part, the cladding temperature for the ultrasonic cladding process is first set in the ultrasonic cladding device through a user interface. The cladding temperature needs to be greater than the liquidus temperature of the solder to ensure that the solder in the molten solder pool is completely liquefied during ultrasonic cladding.

[0044] In one embodiment, in step S110, an ultrasonic cladding process is performed on the area to be clad of the aluminum alloy part in a molten solder pool to form a solderable coating on the area to be clad, including the steps of: setting ultrasonic parameters for the ultrasonic cladding process, wherein the ultrasonic parameters include ultrasonic frequency, ultrasonic power, and ultrasonic time; wherein the ultrasonic frequency is 20 kHz to 80 kHz, the ultrasonic power is 60 watts to 1000 watts, and the ultrasonic time is 0.1 second to 100 seconds. Specifically, when performing the ultrasonic cladding operation on the aluminum alloy part, it is necessary to set the ultrasonic parameters in the ultrasonic cladding device through a user interface to suit different aluminum alloy parts.

[0045] In one embodiment, an aluminum alloy part that has undergone ultrasonic cladding is infiltrated in an infiltration tank containing a second solder, including the steps of: setting a temperature for the infiltration operation, wherein the infiltration operation temperature is greater than a second preset temperature, the liquidus temperature of the second solder in the infiltration tank; wherein the second preset temperature is between 30 degrees Celsius and 200 degrees Celsius. Specifically, when infiltrating the aluminum alloy part, the infiltration operation temperature is first set in the ultrasonic cladding device through a user interface. The infiltration operation temperature needs to be greater than the liquidus temperature of the second solder to ensure that the second solder in the infiltration tank is completely liquefied during the infiltration operation.

[0046] In one embodiment, as shown in FIG2 , in step S120 , the aluminum alloy part that has undergone the ultrasonic cladding process is subjected to an infiltration operation, including the following steps:

[0047] Step S121, immersing the weldable coating in an immersion tank and then taking out the aluminum alloy part;

[0048] In step S122 , the solderable coating is rotated by a preset angle and then immersed in the immersion tank again until the number of immersion operations reaches a preset number.

[0049] Specifically, in this embodiment, when the solderable coating is infiltrated, the solderable coating needs to be infiltrated multiple times to achieve a better infiltration effect. The ultrasonic cladding device first immerses the solderable coating on the aluminum alloy part in the infiltration tank for a certain period of time, and then takes the aluminum alloy part out of the infiltration tank, thereby completing a single infiltration. Then, after the solderable coating is rotated by a preset angle (for example, 45 degrees to 90 degrees), it is immersed in the infiltration tank again, and the above steps are repeated until the number of infiltration operations of the solderable coating reaches a preset number. In some embodiments, when the preset angle is set to 45 degrees, the preset number of times is set to 8 times, so that the solderable coating completes all infiltration operations when it rotates one circle.

[0050] In one embodiment, the aluminum alloy part is a radiation unit or a phase shifter, and may also be other aluminum alloy parts that need to be welded.

[0051] In one embodiment, as shown in FIG3 , in step S110 , before performing an ultrasonic cladding operation on the to-be-clad area of ​​the aluminum alloy part in a molten solder pool by an ultrasonic cladding process to form a solderable coating on the to-be-clad area, the aluminum alloy surface ultrasonic cladding method further includes:

[0052] Step S130: cleaning the aluminum alloy part.

[0053] Specifically, in this embodiment, when preparing the weldable coating, the ultrasonic cladding device first cleans the aluminum alloy part. When cleaning the aluminum alloy part, it is necessary to remove the oxide film and oil stains on the surface of the area to be clad of the aluminum alloy part to prevent the oxide film and oil stains from affecting the subsequent process steps. When cleaning the aluminum alloy part, chemical cleaning and / or mechanical cleaning can be used. For example, the surface of the aluminum alloy part is degreased using an organic solvent, the surface oxide layer is removed using an alkaline solution or an acidic solution, the surface oxide layer is removed by mechanical grinding, and the surface of the aluminum alloy part is cleaned by ultrasonic cleaning.

[0054] Step S140: drying and heating the cleaned aluminum alloy part.

[0055] Specifically, after the ultrasonic cladding device cleans the aluminum alloy part, it is necessary to dry and heat the aluminum alloy part to ensure that the aluminum alloy surface is dry and prevent water vapor evaporation, coating cracking, blistering or peeling in subsequent processes. Drying and heating can be performed in a variety of ways, for example, by hot air. In some embodiments, the ultrasonic cladding device moves the aluminum alloy part to a drying and heating furnace for drying and heating. In some embodiments, the cleaned aluminum alloy part is placed in a drying and heating furnace and heated for 5 to 100 seconds.

[0056] In one embodiment, as shown in FIG4 , in step S120 , after the step of performing the infiltration operation on the aluminum alloy part that has undergone the ultrasonic cladding process, the aluminum alloy surface ultrasonic cladding method further includes:

[0057] Step S150: cleaning the solderable coating by high-pressure hot air.

[0058] Specifically, after the ultrasonic cladding device wets the solderable coating, the excess solder on the surface of the cladding area is cleaned by high-pressure hot air, thereby obtaining the final solderable coating. In some embodiments, the cleaning gas in the high-pressure hot air can be an inert gas.

[0059] In one embodiment, step S150 involves cleaning the solderable coating using high-pressure hot air, including the steps of: setting cleaning parameters for the high-pressure hot air, including blowing temperature, blowing pressure, and blowing time; wherein the blowing temperature is between 20 degrees Celsius and 500 degrees Celsius, the blowing pressure is between 5 liters per minute and 100 liters per minute, and the blowing time is between 0.1 seconds and 100 seconds. Specifically, when performing high-pressure hot air cleaning on aluminum alloy parts, the high-pressure hot air cleaning parameters are first set in the ultrasonic cladding device through a user interface. By setting the blowing temperature, blowing pressure, and blowing time, cleaning of different solders can be completed.

[0060] The advantages of the ultrasonic cladding method for aluminum alloy surfaces of the present application are described in detail below. In the related art, tin liquid is directly clad on the surface of the aluminum alloy part by ultrasonic cladding to form a solderable coating. For example, the aluminum alloy part is an aluminum alloy vibrator. First, the aluminum alloy vibrator is ultrasonically cleaned, and then the cleaned aluminum alloy vibrator is dried and heated. Then ultrasonic cladding is performed. During ultrasonic cladding, the solder in the solder pool is Sn-0.7Cu solder, and the temperature of the solder pool is stabilized at 300 degrees Celsius. Then, the ultrasonic welding rod is placed on the upper part of the aluminum alloy vibrator. The ultrasonic frequency is 20 kHz, the ultrasonic time is 10 seconds, and the ultrasonic power is 110 watts. After the ultrasonic cladding is completed, the aluminum alloy vibrator is removed from the solder pool, and finally, high-pressure hot air is used to blow and clean the area to be clad. The blowing pressure is 40 liters per minute and the blowing time is 3 seconds. At this time, the material of the solderable coating formed on the aluminum alloy vibrator is tin-copper alloy. As shown in Figure 5, this is the morphology of the interface between the aluminum alloy vibrator and the Sn-0.7Cu layer after the above treatment. It can be seen from the figure that there is a gap between the edge of the solderable coating and the interface of the aluminum alloy vibrator. After the neutral salt spray test on the aluminum alloy vibrator, the aluminum alloy vibrator undergoes porosity corrosion, and the corrosion cracks expand laterally along the interface until peeling off. The service life of the aluminum alloy vibrator in a neutral salt spray environment is 48 hours.

[0061] In the ultrasonic cladding method for aluminum alloy surface disclosed in the present application, a solderable coating is first formed on the to-be-clad area of ​​the aluminum alloy surface by ultrasonic cladding, and then the solderable coating is immersed in an infiltration pool for infiltration operation, thereby obtaining a solderable coating. For a specific example, the aluminum alloy part is an aluminum alloy vibrator. First, the aluminum alloy vibrator is ultrasonically cleaned, and then the cleaned aluminum alloy vibrator is dried and heated. Then ultrasonic cladding is performed. During ultrasonic cladding, the solder in the solder pool is Sn-9Zn solder, and the temperature of the solder pool is stabilized at 330 degrees Celsius. Then, an ultrasonic welding rod is placed on the upper part of the aluminum alloy vibrator. The ultrasonic frequency is 20 kHz, the ultrasonic time is 10 seconds, and the ultrasonic power is 120 watts. After the ultrasonic cladding is completed, a solderable coating can be formed on the aluminum alloy vibrator. The material of the solderable coating is a tin-zinc alloy. The solder used in the immersion tank was Sn-3Ag-0.5Cu solder, and the temperature of the immersion tank was set to 370 degrees Celsius. To completely immerse the solderable coating, the solder level in the immersion tank was higher than the solder level in the molten solder pool. The number of immersions was set to three, and after each immersion, the aluminum alloy vibrator was rotated 90 degrees horizontally to better eliminate porosity. After immersion, the aluminum alloy vibrator was removed from the immersion tank, and the area to be clad was finally cleaned with high-pressure hot air at a pressure of 40 liters per minute for 2 seconds. At this point, the solderable coating formed on the aluminum alloy vibrator was made of a tin-silver-copper alloy. Figure 6 shows the morphology of the interface between the aluminum alloy vibrator and the solderable coating after the above treatment. The edge of the solderable coating is well bonded to the aluminum alloy vibrator, and porosity has been effectively eliminated. In addition, the Sn-Zn layer and the Sn-Ag-Cu layer are fully mixed, and no delamination occurs. During the ultrasonic cladding process, the surface of the aluminum alloy vibrator is preferentially clad with the solderable coating, forming an Al-Zn-Sn solid solution at the interface. Due to the addition of Zn atoms, the potential difference between the Sn-based solder and the Al substrate is reduced, slowing down the corrosion of the aluminum alloy vibrator. Finally, Sn-Ag-Cu solder with better low-temperature welding performance is selected for infiltration treatment, which suppresses the occurrence of pore corrosion from the root and improves the low-temperature welding performance of the solderable coating. The aluminum alloy vibrator of this embodiment has good intermodulation indicators, and its service life in a neutral salt spray environment exceeds 96 hours, and its adhesion meets the requirements of the use indicators.

[0062] It should be understood that, although the various steps in the flowcharts involved in the various embodiments described above are displayed in sequence according to the instructions of the arrows, these steps are not necessarily executed in sequence in the order indicated by the arrows. Unless otherwise specified herein, there is no strict order restriction on the execution of these steps, and these steps can be executed in other orders. Moreover, at least a portion of the steps in the flowcharts involved in the various embodiments described above can include multiple steps or multiple stages, and these steps or stages are not necessarily executed and completed at the same time, but can be executed at different times, and the execution order of these steps or stages is not necessarily to be carried out in sequence, but can be executed in turn or alternately with other steps or at least a portion of steps or stages in other steps.

[0063] Based on the same inventive concept, embodiments of the present application further provide an aluminum alloy surface ultrasonic cladding device for implementing the aforementioned aluminum alloy surface ultrasonic cladding method. The solution provided by this device is similar to the solution described in the aforementioned method. Therefore, the specific limitations of one or more embodiments of the aluminum alloy surface ultrasonic cladding device provided below can be found in the above-mentioned limitations of the aluminum alloy surface ultrasonic cladding method, and will not be further elaborated here.

[0064] In one embodiment, as shown in FIG7 , an ultrasonic cladding device for aluminum alloy surface is provided, comprising: an ultrasonic cladding device 210 and an infiltration treatment device 220 , wherein:

[0065] Ultrasonic cladding equipment 210, used to perform ultrasonic cladding operations on the area to be clad of the aluminum alloy part in the solder molten pool through an ultrasonic cladding process to form a solderable coating on the area to be clad;

[0066] The infiltration treatment equipment 220 is used to perform an infiltration operation on the aluminum alloy part that has undergone the ultrasonic cladding process to optimize the weldable coating.

[0067] In one embodiment, a first solder is placed in the solder pool, and the first solder is a zinc-containing material.

[0068] In one embodiment, the zinc-containing material includes at least one of zinc, zinc-aluminum alloy, zinc-magnesium alloy, zinc-copper alloy, tin-zinc alloy, tin-zinc-copper alloy, tin-zinc-silver alloy, and tin-zinc-silver-copper alloy.

[0069] In one embodiment, the ultrasonic cladding equipment 210 is further used to set the cladding temperature of the ultrasonic cladding process; wherein the cladding temperature is greater than a first preset temperature of the solder liquidus temperature, and the first preset temperature is 10 degrees Celsius to 200 degrees Celsius.

[0070] In one embodiment, the ultrasonic cladding equipment 210 is also used to set the ultrasonic parameters of the ultrasonic cladding process, which include ultrasonic frequency, ultrasonic power and ultrasonic time; wherein the ultrasonic frequency is 20 kHz to 80 kHz, the ultrasonic power is 60 watts to 1000 watts, and the ultrasonic time is 0.1 second to 100 seconds.

[0071] In one embodiment, the infiltration treatment equipment 220 is further used to perform an infiltration operation on the aluminum alloy part that has undergone the ultrasonic cladding process in an infiltration tank equipped with a second solder; wherein the second solder is a tin-containing material.

[0072] In one embodiment, the tin-containing material includes at least one of tin, tin-copper alloy, tin-silver alloy, tin-silver-copper alloy, tin-gold alloy, tin-bismuth alloy, tin-bismuth-copper alloy, and tin-lead alloy.

[0073] In one embodiment, the immersion treatment equipment 220 is also used to set the temperature of the immersion operation, and the temperature of the immersion operation is greater than the second preset temperature of the liquidus temperature of the second solder in the immersion pool; wherein the second preset temperature is 30 degrees Celsius to 200 degrees Celsius.

[0074] In one embodiment, the immersion treatment equipment 220 is also used to immerse the weldable coating in the immersion tank and then remove the aluminum alloy part; rotate the weldable coating by a preset angle and then immerse it in the immersion tank again until the number of immersion operations reaches a preset number.

[0075] In one embodiment, the aluminum alloy member is a radiation element or a phase shifter.

[0076] In one embodiment, the aluminum alloy surface ultrasonic cladding device further includes: a cleaning device for cleaning the aluminum alloy part; and a drying device for drying and heating the cleaned aluminum alloy part.

[0077] In one embodiment, the drying equipment is further used to place the cleaned aluminum alloy parts in a drying heating furnace and heat them for 5 seconds to 100 seconds.

[0078] In one embodiment, the aluminum alloy surface ultrasonic cladding device further includes: a cleaning device for cleaning the weldable coating by high-pressure hot air.

[0079] In one embodiment, the cleaning equipment is also used to set the cleaning parameters of high-pressure hot air, and the cleaning parameters include: blowing temperature, blowing pressure and blowing time; wherein, the blowing temperature is 20 degrees Celsius to 500 degrees Celsius, the blowing pressure is 5 liters per minute to 100 liters per minute, and the blowing time is 0.1 seconds to 100 seconds.

[0080] The technical features of the above-mentioned embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. In order to make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-mentioned embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0081] The above-described embodiments merely represent several implementation methods of the present application. While the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the patent application. It should be noted that a person of ordinary skill in the art may make various modifications and improvements without departing from the spirit of the present application, and these modifications and improvements fall within the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present patent application shall be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for ultrasonic cladding of an aluminum alloy surface, the method comprising: Performing ultrasonic cladding on the area to be clad of the aluminum alloy part in a molten solder pool by an ultrasonic cladding process to form a weldable coating on the area to be clad; The aluminum alloy part subjected to the ultrasonic cladding process is subjected to an infiltration operation to optimize the weldable coating. 2 . The aluminum alloy surface ultrasonic cladding method according to claim 1 , wherein a first solder is installed in the solder molten pool, and the first solder is a zinc-containing material.

3. The aluminum alloy surface ultrasonic cladding method according to claim 2, wherein the zinc-containing material comprises: At least one of zinc, zinc-aluminum alloy, zinc-magnesium alloy, zinc-copper alloy, tin-zinc alloy, tin-zinc-copper alloy, tin-zinc-silver alloy, and tin-zinc-silver-copper alloy.

4. The method for ultrasonic cladding of aluminum alloy surfaces according to claim 1, wherein the ultrasonic cladding process is performed on the area to be clad of the aluminum alloy part in a molten solder pool to form a weldable coating on the area to be clad, comprising the steps of: Setting the cladding temperature of the ultrasonic cladding process; wherein, The cladding temperature is greater than a first preset temperature of the solder liquidus temperature, and the first preset temperature is 10 degrees Celsius to 200 degrees Celsius.

5. The method for ultrasonic cladding of aluminum alloy surface according to claim 1, wherein the ultrasonic cladding process is performed on the area to be clad of the aluminum alloy part in a molten solder pool to form a weldable coating on the area to be clad, comprising the steps of: The ultrasonic parameters of the ultrasonic cladding process are set, and the ultrasonic parameters include ultrasonic frequency, ultrasonic power and ultrasonic time; wherein, The ultrasonic frequency is 20 kHz to 80 kHz, the ultrasonic power is 60 watts to 1000 watts, and the ultrasonic time is 0.1 second to 100 seconds.

6. The aluminum alloy surface ultrasonic cladding method according to claim 1, wherein the infiltration operation on the aluminum alloy part after the ultrasonic cladding process comprises the following steps: The aluminum alloy part that has undergone the ultrasonic cladding process is subjected to the infiltration operation in an infiltration tank equipped with a second solder; wherein, The second solder is a tin-containing material.

7. The aluminum alloy surface ultrasonic cladding method according to claim 6, wherein the tin-containing material comprises at least one of tin, tin-copper alloy, tin-silver alloy, tin-silver-copper alloy, tin-gold alloy, tin-bismuth alloy, tin-bismuth-copper alloy, and tin-lead alloy.

8. The aluminum alloy surface ultrasonic cladding method according to claim 6, wherein the infiltration operation of the aluminum alloy part after the ultrasonic cladding process in an infiltration tank equipped with a second solder comprises the following steps: The temperature of the immersion operation is set to be greater than the second welding temperature in the immersion pool. The liquidus temperature of the material is the second preset temperature; wherein, The second preset temperature is 30 degrees Celsius to 200 degrees Celsius.

9. The aluminum alloy surface ultrasonic cladding method according to claim 1, wherein the infiltration operation on the aluminum alloy part after the ultrasonic cladding process comprises the following steps: immersing the weldable coating in an immersion tank and then taking out the aluminum alloy part; The solderable coating is rotated by a preset angle and then immersed in the immersion tank again until the number of immersion operations reaches a preset number. 10 . The aluminum alloy surface ultrasonic cladding method according to claim 1 , wherein the aluminum alloy part is a radiation unit or a phase shifter.

11. The method for ultrasonic cladding of an aluminum alloy surface according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein before the step of performing an ultrasonic cladding operation on the area to be clad of the aluminum alloy part in a molten solder pool to form a solderable coating on the area to be clad, the method further comprises: Cleaning the aluminum alloy part; The cleaned aluminum alloy part is dried and heated.

12. The aluminum alloy surface ultrasonic cladding method according to claim 11, wherein the step of drying and heating the cleaned aluminum alloy part comprises: The cleaned aluminum alloy part is placed in a drying heating furnace and heated for 5 seconds to 100 seconds.

13. The method for ultrasonic cladding of an aluminum alloy surface according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein after the step of performing an infiltration operation on the aluminum alloy part that has undergone the ultrasonic cladding process, the method further comprises: The solderable coating is cleaned by high-pressure hot air.

14. The method for ultrasonic cladding of aluminum alloy surface according to claim 13, wherein the cleaning of the weldable coating by high-pressure hot air comprises the following steps: Set the cleaning parameters of the high-pressure hot air, which include: Blowing temperature, blowing pressure and blowing time; wherein, the blowing temperature is 20 degrees Celsius to 500 degrees Celsius, the blowing pressure is 5 liters per minute to 100 liters per minute, and the blowing time is 0.1 seconds to 100 seconds.

15. An ultrasonic cladding device for aluminum alloy surface, comprising: Ultrasonic cladding equipment, used to perform ultrasonic cladding operations on the area to be clad of the aluminum alloy part in a molten solder pool through an ultrasonic cladding process, so that a weldable coating is formed on the area to be clad; The infiltration treatment equipment is used to perform an infiltration operation on the aluminum alloy part that has undergone the ultrasonic cladding process to optimize the weldable coating. 16 . The aluminum alloy surface ultrasonic cladding device according to claim 15 , wherein a first solder is installed in the solder molten pool, and the first solder is a zinc-containing material.

17. The aluminum alloy surface ultrasonic cladding device according to claim 16, wherein the zinc-containing material comprises: At least one of zinc, zinc-aluminum alloy, zinc-magnesium alloy, zinc-copper alloy, tin-zinc alloy, tin-zinc-copper alloy, tin-zinc-silver alloy, and tin-zinc-silver-copper alloy.

18. The ultrasonic cladding device for aluminum alloy surface according to claim 15, wherein the ultrasonic cladding equipment is further used to set the cladding temperature of the ultrasonic cladding process; wherein, The cladding temperature is greater than a first preset temperature of the solder liquidus temperature, and the first preset temperature is 10 degrees Celsius to 200 degrees Celsius.

19. The ultrasonic cladding device for aluminum alloy surface according to claim 15, wherein the ultrasonic cladding equipment is further used to set ultrasonic parameters of the ultrasonic cladding process, wherein the ultrasonic parameters include ultrasonic frequency, ultrasonic power and ultrasonic time; wherein The ultrasonic frequency is 20 kHz to 80 kHz, the ultrasonic power is 60 watts to 1000 watts, and the ultrasonic time is 0.1 second to 100 seconds.

20. The aluminum alloy surface ultrasonic cladding device according to claim 15, wherein the infiltration treatment equipment is further used to perform the infiltration operation on the aluminum alloy part that has undergone the ultrasonic cladding process in an infiltration tank equipped with a second solder; wherein, The second solder is a tin-containing material.

21. The aluminum alloy surface ultrasonic cladding device according to claim 20, wherein the tin-containing material comprises at least one of tin, tin-copper alloy, tin-silver alloy, tin-silver-copper alloy, tin-gold alloy, tin-bismuth alloy, tin-bismuth-copper alloy, and tin-lead alloy.

22. The aluminum alloy surface ultrasonic cladding device according to claim 20, wherein the infiltration treatment equipment is further used to set the temperature of the infiltration operation, and the temperature of the infiltration operation is greater than the second preset temperature of the liquidus temperature of the second solder in the infiltration tank; wherein, The second preset temperature is 30 degrees Celsius to 200 degrees Celsius.

23. The aluminum alloy surface ultrasonic cladding device according to claim 15, wherein the infiltration treatment equipment is further used to immerse the weldable coating in an infiltration tank and then take out the aluminum alloy part; rotate the weldable coating by a preset angle and then immerse it in the infiltration tank again until the number of infiltration operations reaches a preset number.

24. The aluminum alloy surface ultrasonic cladding device according to claim 15, wherein the aluminum alloy part is a radiation unit or a phase shifter.

25. The aluminum alloy surface ultrasonic cladding device according to any one of claims 15 to 24, further comprising: Cleaning equipment, used for cleaning the aluminum alloy parts; The drying equipment is used to dry and heat the aluminum alloy parts after cleaning.

26. The aluminum alloy surface ultrasonic cladding device and drying equipment according to claim 25 are further used to place the cleaned aluminum alloy part in a drying heating furnace and heat it for 5 seconds to 100 seconds.

27. The aluminum alloy surface ultrasonic cladding device according to any one of claims 15 to 24, further comprising: The cleaning device is used to clean the solderable coating by high-pressure hot air.

28. The aluminum alloy surface ultrasonic cladding device according to claim 27, wherein the cleaning device is further used to set the cleaning parameters of the high-pressure hot air, and the cleaning parameters include: Blowing temperature, blowing pressure and blowing time; wherein, the blowing temperature is 20 degrees Celsius to 500 degrees Celsius, the blowing pressure is 5 liters per minute to 100 liters per minute, and the blowing time is 0.1 seconds to 100 seconds.

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