Self-locking coupler, differential assembly and differential assembly control method

Abstract

A self-locking coupler, a differential assembly and a differential assembly control method. The self-locking coupler comprises a first coupling member (110) and a second coupling member (120), wherein first dog teeth (112) having first self-locking tooth surfaces (1121) and first repelling tooth surfaces (1122) protrude from a first end face (111) of the first coupling member (110); each first self-locking tooth surface (1121) forms a first internal angle less than 90° with the first end face (111), and forms a first external angle greater than 90° with the corresponding first repelling tooth surface (1122); second dog teeth (122) having second self-locking tooth surfaces (1221) and second repelling tooth surfaces (1222) protrude from a second end face (121) of the second coupling member (120); each second self-locking tooth surface (1221) forms a second internal angle less than 90° with the second end face (121), and forms a second external angle greater than 90° with the corresponding second repelling tooth surface (1222); and in the state where the first dog teeth (112) engage with the second dog teeth (122), the first self-locking tooth surfaces (1121) fit to the second self-locking tooth surfaces (1221), such that state switching can be completed smoothly and imperceptibly, and a tighter engagement can be realized.

Description

A self-locking coupling, a differential assembly, and a differential assembly control method.

[0001] Cross-reference of related applications

[0002] This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 2024106712268, filed on May 28, 2024, entitled “A self-locking coupling, a differential assembly and a differential assembly control method”, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] This application relates to the field of differentials, and more specifically, to a self-locking coupling, a differential assembly, and a differential assembly control method. Background Technology

[0004] Some differentials are equipped with a coupling, which is controlled by an electromagnetic actuator to switch between engaged and disengaged states, thereby establishing and disconnecting torque transmission between the differential housing and the planetary gear set. When the coupling is engaged, the planetary gear set can transmit the received torque to the left and right output shafts.

[0005] Currently available connectors require a large, continuous current input from the electromagnetic actuator when switching between engaged and disengaged states. This causes the connector to engage or disengage with significant kinetic energy, resulting in noticeable jerking during the transition and affecting the driving experience. Furthermore, these connectors also suffer from uneven torque transmission due to incomplete engagement when engaged.

[0006] Application content

[0007] The purpose of this application is to provide a self-locking connector that can smoothly and seamlessly switch states and achieve a tighter connection.

[0008] Another objective of this application is to provide a differential assembly that can smoothly and seamlessly switch states and achieve smoother torque transmission.

[0009] Another objective of this application is to provide a differential assembly control method that can smoothly and seamlessly complete the state switching of the differential assembly and achieve smoother torque transmission.

[0010] The embodiments of this application provide a technical solution:

[0011] A self-locking connector, comprising:

[0012] The first connector has a first end face. A plurality of first canine teeth are protruding from the first end face and arranged in a sequential circumferential and spaced manner. Each of the opposite sides of the first canine teeth has a first self-locking tooth surface and a first repulsion tooth surface. The first self-locking tooth surface is connected to the first end face and forms a first internal angle of less than 90°. The side of the first self-locking tooth surface away from the first end face is connected to the first repulsion tooth surface and forms a first external angle of greater than 90°.

[0013] The second connector has a second end face. A plurality of second canine teeth are protruding from the second end face and arranged in a circumferential and spaced manner. Each of the two canine teeth has a second self-locking tooth surface and a second repulsion tooth surface on opposite sides. The second self-locking tooth surface is connected to the second end face and forms a second internal angle of less than 90°. The side of the second self-locking tooth surface away from the second end face is connected to the second repulsion tooth surface and forms a second external angle of greater than 90°.

[0014] The first connecting member is used to drive multiple first canine teeth to move to engage or disengage with multiple second canine teeth under the action of external force. When multiple first canine teeth are engaged with multiple second canine teeth, the first end face is opposite to the second end face, and one of the first self-locking tooth surfaces of any first canine tooth is in contact with one of the second self-locking tooth surfaces of the corresponding second canine tooth.

[0015] In an optional implementation, the first negative angle is equal to the second negative angle and falls within the range of 86° to 88°.

[0016] In an optional implementation, the first positive angle is equal to the second positive angle and is within the range of 176° to 178°.

[0017] Embodiments of this application also provide a differential assembly, including a differential housing, an electromagnetic actuator, a planetary gear set, a first output shaft, a second output shaft, and the aforementioned self-locking coupling. The self-locking coupling includes a first coupling member and a second coupling member. The first coupling member has a first end face, on which a plurality of first canine teeth are protruded in a sequentially circumferentially spaced manner. Each of the first canine teeth has a first self-locking tooth surface and a first repulsion tooth surface on opposite sides. The first self-locking tooth surface connects to the first end face and forms a first internal angle less than 90°. The side of the first self-locking tooth surface away from the first end face connects to the first repulsion tooth surface and forms a first external angle greater than 90°.

[0018] The second connector has a second end face, on which a plurality of second canine teeth are protruding in sequence and arranged circumferentially and at intervals. On the opposite sides of the second canine teeth, there are second self-locking tooth surfaces and second repulsion tooth surfaces. The second self-locking tooth surfaces are connected to the second end face and form a second internal angle of less than 90°. The side of the second self-locking tooth surface away from the second end face is connected to the second repulsion tooth surface and forms a second external angle of greater than 90°.

[0019] The first connecting member is used to drive multiple first canine teeth to move to engage or disengage with multiple second canine teeth under the action of external force. When multiple first canine teeth are engaged with multiple second canine teeth, the first end face is opposite to the second end face, and one of the first self-locking tooth surfaces of any first canine tooth is in contact with one of the second self-locking tooth surfaces of the corresponding second canine tooth.

[0020] The first connecting member is slidably engaged with the differential housing and is used to rotate under the drive of the differential housing. The first end face is perpendicular to the rotation center line of the first connecting member.

[0021] The second connecting member is rotatably housed within the differential housing. The planetary gear set is mounted on the second connecting member. A first half-shaft gear is provided on the first output shaft, and a second half-shaft gear is provided on the second output shaft. The planetary gear set meshes with the first half-shaft gear and the second half-shaft gear respectively.

[0022] The electromagnetic actuator is disposed on the differential housing and is used to generate a magnetic field when energized to drive the first coupling member to slide within the differential housing until the plurality of first canine teeth and the plurality of second canine teeth engage or disengage accordingly.

[0023] In an optional embodiment, the outer surface of the second connector is coated with a lubricating coating.

[0024] In an optional embodiment, the lubricating coating is a nickel-plated coating, or the lubricating coating is a sulfide coating.

[0025] In an optional embodiment, the first connecting member has a plurality of protrusions on one end opposite to the first end face, and the differential housing has a plurality of recesses, with the plurality of protrusions and the plurality of recesses corresponding to each other and slidably inserted.

[0026] In an optional embodiment, input teeth are provided around the outer surface of the differential housing.

[0027] In an optional embodiment, the planetary gear set includes a long shaft, two short shafts, and four planetary gears. The second connecting member is annular, and the long shaft and the two short shafts are both disposed within the second connecting member. The two short shafts are respectively located on opposite sides of the long shaft and together with the long shaft, form a cross-shaped structure. Two of the four planetary gears are respectively sleeved on both ends of the long shaft, and the remaining two planetary gears are respectively sleeved on the two short shafts. All four planetary gears mesh with the first half-shaft gear and the second half-shaft gear, respectively.

[0028] In an optional embodiment, the differential assembly further includes a controller and a sensor. The sensor is used to detect the force applied to the electromagnetic drive. The controller is electrically connected to both the sensor and the electromagnetic drive. The controller is used to control the magnitude and direction of the current input to the electromagnetic drive based on the detection result of the sensor.

[0029] An embodiment of this application also provides a differential assembly control method, applied to the aforementioned differential assembly, the differential assembly control method comprising:

[0030] After receiving the engagement command, the controller inputs a first current to the electromagnetic driver to move the first connector closer to the second connector.

[0031] From the moment the first repulsive tooth surface and the second repulsive tooth surface come into contact with each other until the moment they separate, a sinusoidal half-wave current with the first current as the initial value is controlled to be input to the electromagnetic driver for one cycle.

[0032] From the instant the first repulsive tooth surface and the second repulsive tooth surface separate from each other, the first current is controlled to be input into the electromagnetic driver.

[0033] Embodiments of this application also provide another differential assembly control method, applied to the aforementioned differential assembly, the differential assembly control method comprising:

[0034] From the moment the disconnection command is received until the moment the first self-locking tooth surface moves to the moment it separates from the second self-locking tooth surface, the electromagnetic driver is controlled to input a cosine quarter-wave current that decreases by a quarter-cycle between the second current and the third current.

[0035] From the instant the first self-locking tooth surface separates from the second self-locking tooth surface, the third current is controlled to be input into the electromagnetic driver.

[0036] Compared to existing technologies, the self-locking connector provided in this application features a first self-locking tooth surface and a first repulsion tooth surface on the first canine tooth of the first connector, and a second self-locking tooth surface and a second repulsion tooth surface on the second canine tooth of the second connector. During the engagement of the first and second connectors, the first connector rotates, causing the first canine tooth to gradually approach the second canine tooth. As the first and second repulsion tooth surfaces come into contact and slide relative to each other, the angle design of the first and second repulsion tooth surfaces creates a repulsive axial force, which attenuates the kinetic energy of the first connector, effectively braking it. When the first and second self-locking tooth surfaces begin to contact, the angle design creates an attractive axial force, allowing the first connector to smoothly engage along the second self-locking tooth surface under the action of the axial force, even when the electromagnetic actuator removes the driving force, achieving a seamless engagement.

[0037] During the transition from the engaged to the disengaged state, the axial force of the mutual attraction between the first self-locking tooth surface and the second self-locking tooth surface acts as a brake on the first connector. When the first repulsive tooth surface and the second repulsive tooth surface begin to contact, the mutual repulsive axial force between them allows the first connector to slide smoothly along the second repulsive tooth surface until it disengages from contact, under the action of the axial force, even when the electromagnetic actuator cancels the driving force, thus achieving seamless disconnection.

[0038] Furthermore, since the axial force between the first self-locking tooth surface and the second self-locking tooth surface always exists in the engaged state, the first connecting part and the second connecting part can always maintain a tight self-locking state, ensuring that the torque between them can be transmitted smoothly and without interruption.

[0039] Therefore, the beneficial effects of the self-locking connector provided in this application include: smooth and seamless state switching, and the ability to achieve a tighter connection.

[0040] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of this application more apparent and understandable, preferred embodiments are described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0041] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the specific embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0042] Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of a differential assembly provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0043] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the self-locking connector in Figure 1 in the disconnected state;

[0044] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first canine tooth of the first connector and the second canine tooth of the second connector in Figure 2 before they are engaged.

[0045] Figure 4 is an enlarged schematic diagram of region A in Figure 3;

[0046] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure when the first repulsive tooth surface of the first canine tooth and the second repulsive tooth surface of the second canine tooth begin to contact.

[0047] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure when the first repulsive tooth surface of the first canine tooth is in complete contact with the second repulsive tooth surface of the second canine tooth.

[0048] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure when the first self-locking tooth surface of the first canine tooth and the second self-locking tooth surface of the second canine tooth begin to contact.

[0049] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the structure when the first self-locking tooth surface of the first canine tooth is in complete contact with the second self-locking tooth surface of the second canine tooth.

[0050] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between part of the planetary gear set in Figure 1 and the second connecting member.

[0051] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the differential housing in Figure 1;

[0052] Figure 11 is a flowchart of a differential assembly control method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0053] Figure 12 is a flowchart of another differential assembly control method provided by an embodiment of this application.

[0054] Reference numerals: 100-Self-locking connector; 110-First connector; 111-First end face; 112-First dog tooth; 1121-First self-locking tooth surface; 1122-First repulsion tooth surface; 113-Boss; 120-Second connector; 121-Second end face; 122-Second dog tooth; 1221-Second self-locking tooth surface; 1222-Second repulsion tooth surface; 200-Differential assembly; 210-Differential housing; 211-Groove; 212-Input tooth; 220-Electromagnetic actuator; 230-Planetary gear set; 231-Long shaft; 232-Short shaft; 233-Planetary gear; 240-First output shaft; 241-First half-shaft gear; 250-Second output shaft; 251-Second half-shaft gear. Detailed Implementation

[0055] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of this application described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0056] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of this application provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0057] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0058] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", "left", "right", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the product is in use, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly understood by those skilled in the art. They are used only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the equipment or component referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0059] Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be interpreted as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0060] In the description of this application, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, terms such as "setup" and "connection" should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be a connection within two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0061] The specific embodiments of this application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0062] Example

[0063] Please refer to Figures 1 and 2. Figure 1 shows a cross-sectional view of the differential assembly 200 provided in this embodiment, and Figure 2 shows a structural schematic diagram of the self-locking coupling 100 in Figure 1 in the disconnected state.

[0064] The differential assembly 200 provided in this embodiment includes a differential housing 210, an electromagnetic actuator 220, a planetary gear set 230, a first output shaft 240, a second output shaft 250, and a self-locking connector 100. The electromagnetic actuator 220 is disposed on the differential housing 210, and the self-locking connector 100 is movably disposed inside the differential housing 210. The electromagnetic actuator 220 generates a magnetic field when an electric current is applied to drive the self-locking connector 100 to switch between an open and closed state. The planetary gear set 230 is mounted on the self-locking connector 100. A first half-shaft gear 241 is disposed on the first output shaft 240, and a second half-shaft gear 251 is disposed on the second output shaft 250. The planetary gear set 230 meshes with the first half-shaft gear 241 and the second half-shaft gear 251, respectively. With the self-locking coupling 100 engaged, the torque input from the differential housing 210 can be transmitted to the planetary gear set 230, and then to the first output shaft 240 and the second output shaft 250.

[0065] The self-locking connector 100 includes a first connector 110 and a second connector 120. The first connector 110 is slidably engaged with the differential housing 210 and is used to rotate under the drive of the differential housing 210. The first connector 110 is provided with a plurality of first canine teeth 112. The second connector 120 is rotatably housed in the differential housing 210. A planetary gear set 230 is mounted on the second connector 120. The second connector 120 is provided with a plurality of second canine teeth 122. The first connector 110 is used to slide relative to the differential housing 210 under the magnetic drive of the electromagnetic actuator 220 until the first canine teeth 112 and the second canine teeth 122 are engaged or disengaged, thereby realizing the switching of the self-locking connector 100 between the engaged and disengaged states.

[0066] Please refer to Figures 3 and 4. Figure 3 shows a schematic diagram of the structure of the first canine tooth 112 of the first connector 110 and the second canine tooth 122 of the second connector 120 before they are engaged. Figure 4 shows an enlarged schematic diagram of area A in Figure 3.

[0067] In this embodiment, the first connector 110 has a first end face 111, and a plurality of first canine teeth 112 protrude from the first end face 111 and are arranged circumferentially and at intervals on the first end face 111. Each of the opposite sides of the first canine teeth 112 has a first self-locking tooth surface 1121 and a first repulsion tooth surface 1122. The first self-locking tooth surface 1121 is connected to the first end face 111 and forms a first internal angle of less than 90°. The side of the first self-locking tooth surface 1121 away from the first end face 111 is connected to the first repulsion tooth surface 1122 and forms a first external angle of greater than 90°.

[0068] The second connector 120 has a second end face 121, and a plurality of second canine teeth 122 protrude from the second end face 121 and are arranged circumferentially and at intervals on the second end face 121. Each of the two opposite sides of the second canine teeth 122 has a second self-locking tooth surface 1221 and a second repulsion tooth surface 1222. The second self-locking tooth surface 1221 is connected to the second end face 121 and forms a second internal angle of less than 90°. The side of the second self-locking tooth surface 1221 away from the second end face 121 is connected to the second repulsion tooth surface 1222 and forms a second external angle of greater than 90°.

[0069] In fact, the differential housing 210, the first output shaft 240, the second output shaft 250, the first connecting member 110, and the second connecting member 120 are coaxially arranged. The differential housing 210 rotates axially under the drive of an external motor, and drives the first output shaft 240 and the second output shaft 250 to rotate coaxially through the first connecting member 110, the second connecting member 120, and the planetary gear set 230. The first end face 111 and the second end face 121 are both perpendicular to the rotation center line of the first connecting member 110 and the second connecting member 120, that is, the first end face 111 and the second end face 121 are opposite to each other on the rotation center line and are spaced apart.

[0070] The first connecting member 110 is axially slidably engaged with the differential housing 210. When the differential housing 210 is driven by an external motor to rotate, the first connecting member 110 keeps rotating accordingly. At this time, if the electromagnetic driver 220 is supplied with current to generate a magnetic field, the first connecting member 110 slides back and forth in the axial direction of the differential housing 210 in a rotating state, thereby driving the first end face 111 to approach or move away from the second end face 121 of the second connecting member 120.

[0071] It is understood that the opposite sides of the first self-locking tooth surface 1121 and the first repulsive tooth surface 1122 on the first canine tooth 112 refer to the opposite sides of any one first canine tooth 112 in the circumferential direction where multiple first canine teeth 112 are distributed. Similarly, the opposite sides of the second self-locking tooth surface 1221 and the second repulsive tooth surface 1222 on the second canine tooth 122 refer to the opposite sides of any one second canine tooth 122 in the circumferential direction where multiple second canine teeth 122 are distributed.

[0072] When the self-locking connector 100 is engaged, the plurality of first canine teeth 112 and the plurality of second canine teeth 122 are correspondingly engaged, and one first self-locking tooth surface 1121 of any first canine tooth 112 is in contact with one second self-locking tooth surface 1221 of the corresponding second canine tooth 122. That is, the first self-locking tooth surface 1121 on the same side of the plurality of first canine teeth 112 is in contact with the second self-locking tooth surface 1221 on the same side of the plurality of second canine teeth 122.

[0073] In Figure 4, angle α is the first concave angle formed by connecting the first self-locking tooth surface 1121 and the first end face 111, and angle β is the second concave angle formed by connecting the second self-locking tooth surface 1221 and the second end face 121. In this embodiment, the first and second concave angles are equal and fall within the range of 86° to 88°. Preferably, in this embodiment, both the first and second concave angles are 87°.

[0074] In Figure 4, angle δ is the first positive angle formed by the connection of the first self-locking tooth surface 1121 and the first repulsion tooth surface 1122, and angle θ is the second positive angle formed by the connection of the second self-locking tooth surface 1221 and the second repulsion tooth surface 1222. In this embodiment, the first positive angle and the second positive angle are equal and fall within the range of 176° to 178°. Preferably, in this embodiment, both the first positive angle and the second positive angle are 177°.

[0075] In other words, in this embodiment, the angle between the plane containing the first repulsive tooth surface 1122 and the plane containing the first end face 111 is 93°, and the angle between the plane containing the second repulsive tooth surface 1222 and the plane containing the second end face 121 is also 93°. In fact, in this embodiment, the first repulsive tooth surface 1122 extends obliquely from the first self-locking tooth surface 1121 in a direction away from the first end face 111 to the tip of the first canine tooth 112, and the second repulsive tooth surface 1222 extends obliquely from the second self-locking tooth surface 1221 in a direction away from the second end face 121 to the tip of the second canine tooth 122.

[0076] In this embodiment, the first canine tooth 112 and the second canine tooth 122 have the same structure. The width is defined by the dimension from the tooth tip to the tooth root. Therefore, the widths of the first repulsive tooth surface 1122 and the second repulsive tooth surface 1222 are equal, and the widths of the first self-locking tooth surface 1121 and the second self-locking tooth surface 1221 are equal. During the process of the first canine tooth 112 and the second canine tooth 122 moving from separation to engagement, the first repulsive tooth surface 1122 and the second repulsive tooth surface 1222 first contact each other. Then, the first repulsive tooth surface 1122 gradually passes over the second repulsive tooth surface 1222, and finally, the first self-locking tooth surface 1121 and the second self-locking tooth surface 1221 move from initial contact to complete contact.

[0077] Please refer to Figures 5 to 8. Figure 5 shows a schematic diagram of the structure when the first repulsion tooth surface 1122 and the second repulsion tooth surface 1222 begin to contact. Figure 6 shows a schematic diagram of the structure when the first repulsion tooth surface 1122 and the second repulsion tooth surface 1222 are in complete contact. Figure 7 shows a schematic diagram of the structure when the first self-locking tooth surface 1121 and the second self-locking tooth surface 1221 begin to contact. Figure 8 shows a schematic diagram of the structure when the first self-locking tooth surface 1121 and the second self-locking tooth surface 1221 are in complete contact.

[0078] In practical applications, as the electromagnetic actuator 220 drives the first connecting member 110 to maintain its rotational state and move axially toward the second connecting member 120 relative to the differential housing 210, in the state shown in Figure 5, the first repulsive tooth surface 1122 and the second repulsive tooth surface 1222 begin to contact each other. At this time, a repulsive axial force is generated between the first repulsive tooth surface 1122 and the second repulsive tooth surface 1222. With the input current of the electromagnetic actuator 220 remaining unchanged, the kinetic energy of the first connecting member 110 under the action of the axial force is reduced, so that the first connecting member 110 gradually approaches the second connecting member 120 in a more stable state.

[0079] As the first repulsive tooth surface 1122 gradually moves along the surface of the second repulsive tooth surface 1222 to the state shown in Figure 6, the axial force on the first repulsive tooth surface 1122 gradually increases. In other words, during the movement from the state shown in Figure 5 to the state shown in Figure 6, the resistance force on the first connecting member 110 gradually increases, reaching its maximum value when the first repulsive tooth surface 1122 and the second repulsive tooth surface 1222 are in complete contact, as shown in Figure 6.

[0080] During the transition from the state shown in Figure 6 to the state shown in Figure 7, the first repulsive tooth surface 1122 gradually moves away from the second repulsive tooth surface 1222. During this process, the axial repulsive force between the two gradually decreases, meaning the resistance experienced by the first connecting member 110 gradually decreases. In the state shown in Figure 7, the first and second positive angles are basically aligned, the first and second repulsive tooth surfaces 1122 and 1222 disengage, the first self-locking tooth surface 1121 and the second self-locking tooth surface 1221 begin to contact, the axial repulsive force between the first and second repulsive tooth surfaces 1122 and 1222 disappears, and the first connecting member 110 and the second connecting member 120 reach a critical state.

[0081] During the movement from the state shown in Figure 7 to the state shown in Figure 8, the contact area between the first self-locking tooth surface 1121 and the second self-locking tooth surface 1221 gradually increases, and there is an axial force that attracts each other between them. When the movement reaches the state shown in Figure 8, the first self-locking tooth surface 1121 and the second self-locking tooth surface 1221 are in complete contact, and the self-locking connector 100 reaches the engaged state.

[0082] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the complete contact between the first self-locking tooth surface 1121 and the second self-locking tooth surface 1221 does not mean that the first self-locking tooth surface 1121 and the second self-locking tooth surface 1221 are completely fitted together. Rather, it refers to the degree of engagement between the first self-locking tooth surface 1121 and the second self-locking tooth surface 1221 under the actual maximum allowable stroke of the first connector. In other words, the degree of contact between the first self-locking tooth surface 1121 and the second self-locking tooth surface 1221 in the engaged state is determined by the actual assembly requirements.

[0083] As can be seen, the self-locking connector 100 provided in this embodiment generates mutually repulsive and mutually attractive axial forces between the first connector 110 and the second connector 120 during the process from disconnection to connection. This causes the connection process to undergo two stages: initial deceleration and subsequent adaptive positioning, achieving seamless connection. During the process from connection to disconnection, the axial forces of mutual attraction and repulsion cause the disconnection process to undergo two stages: initial slowing and subsequent adaptive separation, achieving seamless disconnection. Furthermore, the mutually attractive axial forces in the connected state ensure that the first connector 110 and the second connector 120 remain tightly connected, thereby ensuring a smoother and more uninterrupted torque transmission.

[0084] In this embodiment, to improve the smoothness of rotation of the second connecting member 120 within the differential housing 210, the outer surface of the second connecting member 120 is coated with a lubricating coating. Specifically, the lubricating coating can be a nickel-plated coating or a sulfide coating, etc.

[0085] Please refer to Figure 9, which shows a schematic diagram of the connection structure between part of the planetary gear set 230 and the second connecting member 120.

[0086] The planetary gear set 230 includes a long shaft 231, two short shafts 232, and four planetary gears 233. The second connecting member 120 is ring-shaped. The long shaft 231 and the two short shafts 232 are all disposed within the second connecting member 120. The two short shafts 232 are respectively located on opposite sides of the long shaft 231 and together with the long shaft 231, they form a cross-shaped structure. Two of the four planetary gears 233 are respectively sleeved on both ends of the long shaft 231, and the remaining two planetary gears 233 are respectively sleeved on the two short shafts 232. All four planetary gears 233 mesh with the first half-shaft gear 241 and the second half-shaft gear 251, respectively.

[0087] Understandably, during straight-line driving, the planetary gear 233 revolves under the drive of the second connecting member 120, distributing torque evenly to the first output shaft 240 and the second output shaft 250 via the first half-shaft gear 241 and the second half-shaft gear 251. When the vehicle turns, the planetary gear 233 also rotates relative to the major shaft 231 or the minor shaft 232, thereby achieving uneven distribution of input torque and realizing a differential effect.

[0088] Please refer to Figure 10, which shows a schematic diagram of the differential housing 210.

[0089] The outer surface of the differential housing 210 is provided with input teeth 212 for receiving torque output from the motor. In this embodiment, the differential housing 210 is also provided with a plurality of recesses 211, and the end of the first connecting member 110 opposite to the first end face 111 is provided with a plurality of bosses 113, which are slidably inserted into the plurality of recesses 211.

[0090] Understandably, under the action of the electromagnetic actuator 220, during the sliding of the first connecting member 110 relative to the differential housing 210, the multiple bosses 113 move in the direction of exiting or entering the multiple grooves 211.

[0091] In order to more accurately control the input current of the electromagnetic driver 220 and thus achieve precise control of the driving force of the first connecting member 110, the differential assembly 200 provided in this embodiment also includes a controller and a sensor. The sensor is used to detect the force on the electromagnetic driver 220. The controller is electrically connected to the sensor and the electromagnetic driver 220 respectively. The controller is used to control the magnitude and direction of the current input to the electromagnetic driver 220 according to the detection result of the sensor.

[0092] Understandably, when the self-locking connector 100 is disconnected, the controller controls the input of current to the electromagnetic driver 220. The electromagnetic driver 220 drives the first connector 110 to gradually move closer to the second connector 120. It can be understood that the movement path of the first connector 110 is actually very short, and the change in magnetic force due to the change in movement distance can be ignored. When the first repulsive tooth surface 1122 and the second repulsive tooth surface 1222 make contact, the sensor detects a sudden change in the reaction force on the electromagnetic driver 220. At this time, the controller can gradually increase the current input to the electromagnetic driver 220 to correspond to the gradually increasing resistance of the first connector 110 during the subsequent movement from the state in Figure 5 to the state in Figure 6.

[0093] When the sensor's detection result indicates that the first repulsive tooth surface 1122 and the second repulsive tooth surface 1222 are in the state shown in Figure 6, the controller can gradually reduce the current input to the electromagnetic driver 220 to correspond to the gradually decreasing resistance of the first connecting member 110 during the subsequent movement from the state in Figure 6 to the state in Figure 7. When the sensor's detection result indicates that the first repulsive tooth surface 1122 and the second repulsive tooth surface 1222 are in the state shown in Figure 7, the controller can cancel the current input to the electromagnetic driver 220 to allow the first connecting member 110 to adaptively engage under axial force. Alternatively, a small constant current can be continuously input to the electromagnetic driver 220 to further ensure engagement.

[0094] When the self-locking connector is engaged and needs to be disconnected, the controller can input a gradually decreasing current to the electromagnetic actuator 220 to correspond to the gradually decreasing attractive axial force during the transition from the state shown in Figure 8 to the state shown in Figure 7. When the sensor's detection result indicates that the first connector 110 and the second connector 120 are in the state shown in Figure 7, the controller can withdraw the current input to the electromagnetic actuator 220, allowing the first connector 110 to adaptively separate into place under the repulsive axial force. Alternatively, a small constant current can be continuously input to the electromagnetic actuator 220 to further ensure proper separation.

[0095] In another embodiment, the current variation at different stages can also be controlled by timing. For example, the controller can control the input electromagnetic driver 220 to maintain a constant current for a first duration, corresponding to the time elapsed from the start of movement of the first connector 110 to the point where the first repulsive tooth surface 1122 and the second repulsive tooth surface 1222 begin to contact. Then, during a second duration, the current magnitude is gradually increased, corresponding to the time elapsed from the first repulsive tooth surface 1122 and the second repulsive tooth surface 1222 just making contact to complete contact. Then, during a third duration, the current magnitude is gradually decreased, corresponding to the time elapsed from the first repulsive tooth surface 1122 and the second repulsive tooth surface 1222 just separating from complete contact.

[0096] The current changes at different stages can also be controlled by timing for the transition from the engaged state to the disengaged state. For example, the controller can input a gradually decreasing current into the electromagnetic driver 220 during the fourth time period to correspond to the gradually decreasing axial attraction force during the transition from the state shown in Figure 8 to the state shown in Figure 7, and then cancel the current input into the electromagnetic driver 220 or continue to input a small constant current.

[0097] This embodiment also provides a differential assembly control method, applied to the aforementioned differential assembly 200. Please refer to Figure 11, which shows a flowchart of the differential assembly control method. The differential assembly control method may include:

[0098] In step S101, after receiving the engagement command, the system controls the input of a first current to the electromagnetic driver 220 so that the first connector 110 moves closer to the second connector 120.

[0099] After receiving the connection command, the controller inputs a first current to the electromagnetic driver 220 to generate a magnetic field, causing the first connector 110 to move from its initial position closer to the second connector 120.

[0100] In step S102, from the moment the first repulsion tooth surface 1122 and the second repulsion tooth surface 1222 come into contact with each other to the moment they separate, a sinusoidal half-wave current with the first current as the initial value is input to the electromagnetic driver 220 for one cycle.

[0101] A sinusoidal half-wave current refers to a current that gradually increases sinusoidally from a initial current to a peak current, and then gradually decreases until it returns to the initial current, which constitutes one cycle. It can be understood that the process of the current gradually increasing sinusoidally from the initial current to the peak current corresponds to the gradually increasing resistance of the first connecting member 110 during the movement from state 5 to state 6. The process of the current gradually decreasing from the peak current to the return to the initial current corresponds to the gradually decreasing resistance of the first connecting member 110 during the subsequent movement from state 6 to state 7.

[0102] Understandably, because the current changes in a sinusoidal waveform, the driving force on the first connector 110 changes continuously and smoothly without abrupt changes, ensuring a smooth connection process. Furthermore, the change in the sinusoidal half-wave current corresponds to the change in the mutually repulsive axial force on the first repulsive tooth surface 1122, ensuring that the movement of the first connector 110 is stable and smooth, without abrupt changes in stroke, achieving a seamless connection.

[0103] In step S103, starting from the instant the first repulsion tooth surface 1122 and the second repulsion tooth surface 1222 separate from each other, the first current is controlled to be input into the electromagnetic driver 220.

[0104] When the first repulsion tooth surface 1122 and the second repulsion tooth surface 1222 are in the state shown in Figure 7, the sinusoidal half-wave current just recovers to the first current. The first current is small, and the first connector 110 and the second connector 120 adaptively combine under the axial force of mutual attraction, that is, the seamless combination is achieved and the combination can be ensured.

[0105] This embodiment also provides another differential assembly control method, applied to the aforementioned differential assembly 200. Please refer to Figure 12, which shows a flowchart of the differential assembly control method. The differential assembly control method may include:

[0106] In step S201, from the moment the disconnection command is received until the moment the first self-locking tooth surface 1121 moves to the moment it separates from the second self-locking tooth surface 1221, the electromagnetic driver 220 is controlled to input a cosine quarter-wave current that decreases by a quarter-cycle between the second current and the third current.

[0107] Upon receiving a disconnect command, the controller inputs a cosine quarter-wave current to the electromagnetic driver 220. This cosine quarter-wave current refers to the current gradually decreasing from the second current to the third current according to the cosine waveform, exactly passing through one-quarter of the cosine waveform. This process corresponds to the change from the state in Figure 8 to the state in Figure 7.

[0108] Understandably, because the current changes according to a cosine waveform, the driving force on the first connector 110 changes continuously and smoothly without abrupt changes, ensuring a smooth disconnection process. Furthermore, the gradually decreasing driving force corresponds to the gradually decreasing axial force of mutual attraction, ensuring that the movement of the first connector 110 is stable and smooth, without abrupt changes in stroke, achieving sensorless disconnection.

[0109] In step S202, starting from the instant the first self-locking tooth surface 1121 separates from the second self-locking tooth surface 1221, a third current is controlled to be input into the electromagnetic driver 220.

[0110] When the first repulsive tooth surface 1122 and the second repulsive tooth surface 1222 are in the state shown in Figure 7, the input current just drops to the third current. The third current is small, and the first connector 110 and the second connector 120 adaptively separate under the mutually repulsive axial force, that is, the seamless disconnection is achieved and the disconnection is ensured.

[0111] It should be noted that in another embodiment of the differential assembly control method, there is a contactless engagement method consisting of the aforementioned steps S101, S102 and S103, and a contactless disengagement method consisting of the aforementioned steps S201 and S202.

[0112] In summary, the self-locking connector 100 provided in this embodiment can smoothly and seamlessly complete state switching and achieve a tighter connection. Benefiting from the beneficial effects of the self-locking connector 100, the differential assembly 200 and the two differential assembly control methods provided in this embodiment can smoothly and seamlessly complete state switching and achieve smoother and more stable torque transmission.

[0113] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application. Industrial applicability

[0114] The self-locking connector provided in this application has a first self-locking tooth surface and a first repulsion tooth surface for the first connecting member, and a second self-locking tooth surface and a second repulsion tooth surface for the second connecting member. During the engagement of the first and second connecting members, the first connecting member rotates, causing the first tooth to gradually approach the second tooth. As the first and second repulsion tooth surfaces come into contact and slide relative to each other, the angle design of the first and second repulsion tooth surfaces creates a repulsive axial force, which attenuates the kinetic energy of the first connecting member, equivalent to braking and decelerating it. When the first and second self-locking tooth surfaces begin to contact, the angle design creates an attractive axial force, allowing the first connecting member to smoothly engage along the second self-locking tooth surface under the action of the axial force, even when the electromagnetic actuator removes the driving force, achieving a seamless engagement.

Claims

1. A self-locking coupling, characterized in that, Comprising: a first coupling member (110) having a first end surface (111) on which a plurality of first canines (112) are sequentially and circumferentially arranged at intervals, each of the first canines (112) having a first self-locking tooth surface (1121) and a first repelling tooth surface (1122) on opposite sides thereof, the first self-locking tooth surface (1121) being connected with the first end surface (111) and forming a first negative angle smaller than 90°, the side of the first self-locking tooth surface (1121) away from the first end surface (111) being connected with the first repelling tooth surface (1122) and forming a first positive angle larger than 90°; a second coupling member (120) having a second end surface (121) on which a plurality of second canines (122) are sequentially and circumferentially arranged at intervals, each of the second canines (122) having a second self-locking tooth surface (1221) and a second repelling tooth surface (1222) on opposite sides thereof, the second self-locking tooth surface (1221) being connected with the second end surface (121) and forming a second negative angle smaller than 90°, the side of the second self-locking tooth surface (1221) away from the second end surface (121) being connected with the second repelling tooth surface (1222) and forming a second positive angle larger than 90°; the first coupling member (110) is configured to drive the plurality of first canines (112) to move to engage with or disengage from the plurality of second canines (122) under the action of an external force, and in the state that the plurality of first canines (112) engage with the plurality of second canines (122), the first end surface (111) is opposite to the second end surface (121), and one first self-locking tooth surface (1121) of any first canine (112) is in contact with one second self-locking tooth surface (1221) of the corresponding second canine (122).

2. The self-locking coupling according to claim 1, characterized in that The first negative angle is equal to the second negative angle and is in the range of 86° to 88°.

3. The self-locking coupling according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first positive angle is equal to the second positive angle and is in the range of 176° to 178°.

4. A differential assembly characterized by, Comprising a differential housing (210), an electromagnetic driver (220), a planetary gear set (230), a first output shaft (240), a second output shaft (250), and a self-locking coupling device (100) according to any one of claims 1-3, the first coupling member (110) being in sliding fit with the differential housing (210) and configured to rotate around a center line of the first coupling member (110) under the drive of the differential housing (210), the first end surface (111) being perpendicular to the center line of the first coupling member (110). The second connector (120) is rotatably received in the differential housing (210). The planetary gear set (230) is mounted on the second connector (120). A first side gear (241) is provided on the first output shaft (240), and a second side gear (251) is provided on the second output shaft (250). The planetary gear set (230) meshes with the first side gear (241) and the second side gear (251) respectively. The electromagnetic driver (220) is provided on the differential housing (210) and is configured to generate a magnetic field in an energized state to drive the first connector (110) to slide in the differential housing (210) until multiple first dog teeth (112) and multiple second dog teeth (122) are correspondingly engaged or disengaged.

5. The differential assembly of claim 4, wherein, A lubricating coating is applied to the outer surface of the second connector (120).

6. The differential assembly of claim 5, wherein, The lubricating coating is a nickel plating coating, or the lubricating coating is a sulfide coating.

7. The differential assembly of claim 4, wherein A plurality of bosses (113) protrude from one end of the first connector (110)背离 the first end face (111). A plurality of grooves (211) are recessed in the differential housing (210). The plurality of bosses (113) and the plurality of grooves (211) are correspondingly and slidably inserted.

8. The differential assembly of claim 4, wherein, Input teeth (212) are provided in a ring on the outer surface of the differential housing (210).

9. The differential assembly of claim 4, wherein, The planetary gear set (230) includes a long shaft (231), two short shafts (232), and four planetary gears (233). The second connector (120) is annular. The long shaft (231) and the two short shafts (232) are both provided in the second connector (120). The two short shafts (232) are respectively on opposite sides of the long shaft (231) and together with the long shaft (231) form a cross-shaped structure. Two of the four planetary gears (233) are respectively sleeved on both ends of the long shaft (231), and the remaining two planetary gears (233) are respectively sleeved on the two short shafts (232). The four planetary gears (233) all mesh with the first side gear (241) and the second side gear (251) respectively.

10. The differential assembly of claim 4, wherein, The differential assembly (200) further includes a controller and a sensor. The sensor is configured to detect the force received by the electromagnetic driver (220). The controller is electrically connected to the sensor and the electromagnetic driver (220) respectively. The controller is configured to control the magnitude and direction of the current input to the electromagnetic driver (220) according to the detection result of the sensor.

11. A method of controlling a differential assembly, applied to the differential assembly (200) according to any one of claims 4-10, characterized in that, The differential assembly control method includes: After receiving a combination instruction, controlling to input a first current to the electromagnetic driver (220) to make the first connector (110) move closer to the second connector (120). controlling inputting to the electromagnetic driver (220) a sine half-waveform current with the first current as an initial value for one period from the instant of mutual contact to the instant of mutual separation of the first repulsion tooth surface (1122) and the second repulsion tooth surface (1222); controlling inputting to the electromagnetic driver (220) the first current from the instant of mutual separation of the first repulsion tooth surface (1122) and the second repulsion tooth surface (1222).

12. A method of controlling a differential assembly, applied to the differential assembly (200) according to any one of claims 4-10, characterized in that, The differential assembly control method comprises: controlling inputting to the electromagnetic driver (220) a cosine quarter-waveform current decreasing by one quarter of a period between a second current and a third current from the acquisition of the disconnection instruction to the instant of the movement of the first self-locking tooth surface (1121) to the separation from the second self-locking tooth surface (1221); controlling inputting to the electromagnetic driver (220) the third current from the instant of the separation of the first self-locking tooth surface (1121) and the second self-locking tooth surface (1221).

Images