Thermal energy storage device and thermal energy storage system

Abstract

A thermal energy storage device and a thermal energy storage system. The thermal energy storage device comprises: a housing that comprises an outer container, an inner container, and a thermal insulation unit, wherein the inner container is disposed in the outer container, and the thermal insulation unit is disposed in an intermediate interlayer between the inner container and the outer container; a thermal storage material that fills the inner container; a heat charging unit that comprises at least one heat charging module, wherein the heat charging module is configured to heat the thermal storage material; and a heat releasing unit that comprises at least one heat releasing module, wherein the heat releasing module is configured to use the heat stored in the thermal storage material to supply heat to the outside. The thermal energy storage device can have higher energy / power density, a higher heat charging / releasing rate, good thermal-insulation performance, and a relatively long service life, and can be miniaturized, facilitating household applications of the thermal energy storage device.

Description

A thermal energy storage device and a thermal energy storage system

[0001] The present application claims priority to the Chinese patent application No. 202410790567.7, filed on June 18, 2024, and entitled "A thermal energy storage device", the content of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. TECHNICAL FIELD

[0002] The present application relates to the technical field of energy storage, in particular to a thermal energy storage device and a thermal energy storage system. BACKGROUND

[0003] The thermal energy storage device can realize the conversion of electric energy and other energy into thermal energy, so as to realize the storage of energy through heat storage. Therefore, the structural design of the thermal energy storage device has become an important topic that needs to be urgently studied by those skilled in the art. SUMMARY

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to provide a thermal energy storage device which can have relatively good heat preservation and insulation performance.

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the present application provides a thermal energy storage device, comprising: a shell comprising an outer container, an inner container and a heat insulation unit, the inner container is arranged inside the outer container, and the intermediate layer between the inner container and the outer container is provided with the heat insulation unit; a heat storage material filled in the inner container; a heat charging unit comprising at least one heat charging module; the heat charging module is configured to heat the heat storage material; a heat releasing unit comprising at least one heat releasing module, the heat releasing module is configured to use the heat stored by the heat storage material to supply heat to the outside.

[0006] In the above scheme, the intermediate layer between the inner container and the outer container is provided with the heat insulation unit, the heat insulation unit is used to improve the heat preservation and insulation performance of the shell, and the thermal conductivity coefficient can be reduced, so that the thermal energy storage device can have relatively high heat preservation and insulation performance.

[0007] Optionally, the intermediate layer is in a preset vacuum state, and / or the heat insulation unit comprises one or more than two layers of nano heat insulation material. The intermediate layer is in a vacuum state, and one or more than two layers of nano heat insulation material is filled in the intermediate layer.

[0008] In the above scheme, the intermediate layer between the inner container and the outer container is in a vacuum state, and is filled with nano heat insulation material in the intermediate layer, which can reduce the thermal conductivity coefficient, so that the thermal energy storage device can have relatively high heat preservation and insulation performance.

[0009] And, due to the relatively good heat insulation performance, the thickness of the intermediate layer can also be made thinner. Under the condition that the outer container remains unchanged, the size of the inner container can be increased, so that the filling amount of the heat storage material can be increased, which is also beneficial to increase the heat storage performance of the heat storage device. Under the condition that the inner container remains unchanged, the size of the outer container can also be reduced, which is beneficial to realize the miniaturization of the heat storage device and facilitate construction.

[0010] In addition, the relatively good heat insulation performance enables the heat storage material in the heat storage device provided by the present application to maintain a high thermal efficiency when releasing heat after maintaining a high temperature state for a long time (such as 24 hours), which has a positive significance for improving the power density and energy storage density of the heat storage device.

[0011] Optionally, a vacuum pump is further included, the vacuum pump is in communication with the intermediate layer, and the vacuum pump is configured to be capable of operating to maintain a preset vacuum pressure.

[0012] Optionally, the preset vacuum pressure is between 10 mbar and 200 mbar.

[0013] Optionally, a sensor for measuring the temperature or pressure at one or more positions in the heat storage device is further included, and the vacuum pump is configured to be capable of starting and stopping according to the temperature or the pressure.

[0014] Optionally, the nano heat insulation material layer includes a core material and an encapsulation part, the core material is encapsulated in the encapsulation part, and the core material includes fumed silica particles, an optical screening agent, and a reinforcing fiber.

[0015] Optionally, the nano heat insulation material layer is configured as a first heat insulation plate in a flat plate shape, and the first heat insulation plate is located on the upper side and the lower side of the inner container. The heat insulation unit is provided with a first heat insulation plate, the first heat insulation plate includes the nano heat insulation material, and the first heat insulation plate is located on the top surface and the bottom surface of the inner container.

[0016] Optionally, the nano heat insulation material layer is further configured as a second heat insulation plate capable of being rolled up, and the second heat insulation plate is located on the outer circumferential side of the inner container. The heat insulation unit is provided with a second heat insulation plate, the second heat insulation plate includes the nano heat insulation material, and the second heat insulation plate is located on the outer circumferential side of the inner container.

[0017] Optionally, the nano heat insulation material layer is configured as multiple layers, and a heat reflection layer is arranged between each layer of the nano heat insulation material layer. The heat insulation unit is provided with multiple layers of the nano heat insulation material layer, and a heat reflection layer is arranged between each layer of the nano heat insulation material layer.

[0018] Optionally, the nanometer thermal insulation material is configured as a plurality of layers, and a heat reflecting layer is arranged between any two adjacent layers of the nanometer thermal insulation material.

[0019] Optionally, the shell is provided with a detection component, the shell is provided with a signal connection portion, and the detection component and the signal connection portion are signal connected; and / or the thermal energy storage device further comprises a backup power supply.

[0020] Optionally, the thermal insulation unit comprises an inner layer thermal insulation portion and an outer layer thermal insulation portion, the inner layer thermal insulation portion is closer to the inner container than the outer layer thermal insulation portion, and the inner layer thermal insulation portion and the outer layer thermal insulation portion are made of different materials.

[0021] Optionally, the inner layer thermal insulation portion comprises at least one layer of nanometer thermal insulation material layer and at least one layer of heat reflecting layer.

[0022] Optionally, the outer layer thermal insulation portion comprises at least one layer of aerogel felt layer and at least one layer of heat reflecting layer.

[0023] Optionally, the heat charging module comprises an electric heat charging mechanism and a heat charging pipe, the heat charging pipe is at least partially located in the heat storage material, the electric heat charging mechanism comprises an electric heat charging rod, and the electric heat charging rod is inserted into the heat charging pipe.

[0024] Optionally, the electric heat charging rod and the inner wall surface of the heat charging pipe are in contact; or the electric heat charging mechanism further comprises a heat transfer sleeve, the heat transfer sleeve is sleeved on the electric heat charging rod, the outer wall surface of the electric heat charging rod and the inner wall surface of the heat transfer sleeve are in contact, and the outer wall surface of the heat transfer sleeve and the inner wall surface of the heat charging pipe are in contact.

[0025] Optionally, the material of the heat transfer sleeve comprises any one of metal material, graphite material, carbide ceramic and the like.

[0026] Optionally, the heat charging module comprises an electric heat charging mechanism, the electric heat charging mechanism comprises a planar structure electric heating component, the planar structure electric heating component is configured to be capable of being bent, and the planar structure electric heating component is configured to be capable of being arranged on the outer side wall of the inner container and / or the outer bottom surface of the inner container.

[0027] Optionally, the heat charging module comprises a light heat charging mechanism and a heat charging pipe, the heat charging pipe is at least partially located in the heat storage material, the light heat charging mechanism at least comprises a light delivery component, and the light delivery component is configured to be capable of delivering light into the heat charging pipe.

[0028] Optionally, the inner hole of the heat charging pipe is a constant cross-section hole; or the inner hole of the heat charging pipe is a tapered hole in a direction away from the light delivery component; or at least a part of the inner hole of the heat charging pipe is provided with an internal thread or a clamping groove.

[0029] Optionally, the light heat charging mechanism further comprises a light guide component, the light guide component is connected with the light delivery component, and the light guide component is configured to guide the light delivered by the light delivery component to the inner wall surface of the heat charging pipe.

[0030] Optionally, the heat storage material is an aluminum-silicon alloy material, the aluminum-silicon alloy material is configured to change phase during heat charging and heat releasing, and the inner container is configured with a reserved space on the upper side of the heat storage material.

[0031] Optionally, the outer wall surface of the heat charging pipe is configured with a flow suppression structure.

[0032] Optionally, the part of at least one of the inner container, the heat charging module, and the heat releasing module and the heat storage material is configured as a double-layer structure, the double-layer structure comprises a contact part and a non-contact part, the contact part and the non-contact part are sleeved with each other, the contact part directly contacts the heat storage material, the contact part is made of titanium alloy, and the non-contact part is made of stainless steel.

[0033] Optionally, the part of at least one of the inner container, the heat charging module, and the heat releasing module and the heat storage material is configured with a corrosion-resistant layer.

[0034] Optionally, the corrosion-resistant layer is one or more of an electroplating layer, a structural ceramic layer, a structural ceramic mixed graphite layer, a carbon steel aluminizing layer, and a titanium alloy, and can realize corrosion resistance at a specific high temperature.

[0035] Optionally, the heat storage material comprises at least one heat storage module, the heat storage module comprises an inner layer part and an outer layer part, the inner layer part is located on the inner side of the outer layer part, and the heat storage module has a cylindrical boundary surface between the inner layer part and the outer layer part; the number of the heat releasing modules is consistent with the number of the heat storage modules, and the heat releasing modules are correspondingly arranged in the heat storage modules, the heat releasing module comprises at least one first heat releasing pipe, the first heat releasing pipe is arranged along the axial direction and the circumferential direction of the boundary surface, and the pipe wall of the first heat releasing pipe comprises an inner side wall part and an outer side wall part in the circumferential direction of the first heat releasing pipe, the inner side wall part is located in the inner layer part, and the outer side wall part is located in the outer layer part.

[0036] Optionally, the first heat releasing pipe comprises a first pipe segment, a projection of the first pipe segment in the axial direction of the boundary surface does not cover a projection of the boundary surface in the axial direction, and the number of the first pipe segments is greater than or equal to three, and each first pipe segment is arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the boundary surface.

[0037] Optionally, the first heat releasing pipe comprises at least one second pipe segment, and a projection of the second pipe segment in the axial direction of the boundary surface can cover a projection of the boundary surface in the axial direction.

[0038] Optionally, the second pipe section is a ring pipe or a spiral pipe.

[0039] Optionally, the heat releasing module comprises at least one heat releasing pipe arranged in the heat storage material, and the heat releasing pipe comprises a ring pipe or a spiral pipe.

[0040] At least a part of the heat releasing pipe is a bent pipe, and a central axis of the heat releasing pipe is located in the same plane.

[0041] The application further provides a heat storage system, which comprises a heat storage device, a heat charging device and a heat releasing device, the heat storage device is the heat storage device as described above, the heat charging device is configured to be connected to the heat charging unit and provide a heat charging source to the heat charging unit, and the heat releasing device is configured to be connected to the heat releasing unit and provide a heat exchange medium.

[0042] Optionally, the heat exchange medium comprises water and / or water vapor, the heat releasing device comprises a steam supply mechanism, the steam supply mechanism comprises a first water path and a first steam path, the first water path is connected to an input end of the heat releasing unit, the first steam path is connected to an output end of the heat releasing unit, the first water path provides water to the heat releasing unit, and the first steam path provides hot water and / or water vapor.

[0043] Optionally, the heat releasing device further comprises a second water path, and the first steam path is connected with a steam-water mixing component, and the second water path is connected to the steam-water mixing component. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0044] Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the heat storage device provided by the application, and the inner cavity is filled with heat storage material;

[0045] Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of the heat storage device provided by the application, and the inner cavity is not filled with heat storage material;

[0046] Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of the heat storage device provided by the application, and the heat storage device is configured with an electric heat charging mechanism;

[0047] Fig. 4 is a partial structural diagram of a heat charging pipe;

[0048] Fig. 5 is a structural schematic diagram of one implementation of a heat insulation unit;

[0049] Fig. 6 is a distribution diagram of one implementation of a heat releasing unit in heat storage material;

[0050] Fig. 7 is a boiling heat exchange curve diagram;

[0051] Fig. 8 is a distribution diagram of another implementation of the heat releasing unit in the heat storage material;

[0052] Fig. 9 is a structural diagram of one implementation of the first heat releasing pipe;

[0053] Fig. 10 is a structural diagram of another implementation of the first heat releasing pipe;

[0054] Fig. 11 is a distribution diagram of yet another implementation of the heat releasing unit in the heat storage material;

[0055] Fig. 12 is a structural diagram of the heat releasing pipe in the inner container;

[0056] Fig. 13 is a structural diagram of the third heat releasing pipe in the heat storage material;

[0057] Fig. 14 is a structural diagram of the heat storage system provided by the present application;

[0058] Fig. 15 is a circuit diagram of one implementation of the voltage regulating component;

[0059] Fig. 16 is a circuit diagram of one implementation of the adjustable resistor;

[0060] Fig. 17 is a structural diagram of the steam supply mechanism;

[0061] Fig. 18 is a structural diagram of one implementation of the hot water supply mechanism;

[0062] Fig. 19 is a structural diagram of another implementation of the hot water supply mechanism;

[0063] Fig. 20 is a structural diagram of yet another implementation of the hot water supply mechanism;

[0064] Fig. 21 is a structural diagram of still another implementation of the hot water supply mechanism;

[0065] Fig. 22 is a structural diagram of one implementation of the steam-water mixing component;

[0066] Fig. 23 is a structural diagram of another implementation of the steam-water mixing component.

[0067] The reference signs are explained as follows: 100 heat storage device, 110 shell, 111 inner container, 111a inner cavity, 111a-1 reserved space, 112 outer container, 112a heat insulation cavity, 113 heat insulation unit, 113a first heat insulation plate, 113b nano heat insulation material, 113c heat reflection layer, 113d inner layer heat insulation part, 113e outer layer heat insulation part, 113e-1 aerogel felt, 114 heat charging connection part, 115 heat discharging inlet connection part, 116 heat discharging outlet connection part, 117 signal connection part, 120 heat charging pipe, 121 first pipe part, 122 second pipe part, 122a flow suppression structure, 130 heat storage material, 131 heat storage module, 131a inner layer part, 131b outer layer part, 131c boundary surface, 140 heat discharging unit, 141 heat discharging module, 141a first heat discharging pipe, 141a-1 inner side wall part, 141a-2 outer side wall part, 141aa first pipe segment, 141ab second pipe segment, 141b second heat discharging pipe, 141c third heat exchange pipe, 142 heat discharging inlet pipe, 143 heat discharging outlet pipe, 144 communication pipe, 150 electric heat charging mechanism, 151 electric heat charging rod, 151a optional resistor, 151b relay switch, 152 heat transfer sleeve, 153 connection cable, 154 butt joint; 200 heat charging device, 210 unstable energy power generation mechanism, 220 voltage adjusting part, 221 field effect tube, 222 diode, 223 inductor, 224 capacitor; 300 heat discharging device, 310 steam supply mechanism, 311 first water path, 311a first pump body, 311b second proportional valve, 311c fourth proportional valve, 312 first steam path, 312a bypass branch, 312a-1 sixth proportional valve, 312b seventh proportional valve, 320 second water path, 321 second pump body, 322 third proportional valve, 323 fifth proportional valve, 330 steam-water mixing part, 330a mixer, 330b steam inlet part, 330c water inlet part, 330d outlet part, 330e turbulence structure, 330f diffuser, 330g heat exchanger, 330h first outlet pipe, 330i second outlet pipe, 330j outlet main pipe, 340 communication pipeline, 341 first proportional valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0068] In order for those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of the present application, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0069] In the embodiments of the present application, the terms "first", "second", "third", "fourth", "fifth", "sixth", "seventh" are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first", "second", "third", "fourth", "fifth", "sixth", "seventh" can explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features.

[0070] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, it should be noted that unless specifically defined and limited, the terms "mounting", "connection", "connecting" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, "connecting" can be detachable connection, or can be non-detachable connection; can be direct connection, or can be indirect connection through intermediate medium.

[0071] The orientation terms mentioned in the embodiments of the present application, such as "inner", "outer" and the like, are only the directions of the drawings, therefore, the orientation terms used are for better and clearer illustration and understanding of the embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the embodiments of the present application. In addition, unless otherwise stated in the present application, "a plurality of" in the present application means two or more; and when "a plurality of" is used to express the number of different components, it does not indicate the relationship between the number of components.

[0072] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the terms "including", "containing" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that the process, method, article or device including a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not explicitly listed, or includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. Without more limitations, the element defined by the statement "including a…" does not exclude the presence of another identical element in the process, method, article or device including the element.

[0073] In the embodiments of the present application, "and / or" is only a description of the association relationship between the associated objects, which means that there can be three relationships, for example, A and / or B can represent the existence of A alone, the existence of A and B together, and the existence of B alone. In addition, the character " / " in this paper generally represents that the front and rear associated objects have an "or" relationship.

[0074] The existing solid heat storage device uses magnesia brick as the heat storage body and ceramic fiber blanket as the insulation layer, and the insulation thickness is 300mm-400mm. The thermal conductivity coefficient of the ceramic fiber blanket is 0.153W / (m·K) under the condition that the hot surface temperature is 500℃. After the 1MWh heat storage body is heated to 650℃, the heat is released immediately for 8-10 hours. After the heat release period ends, the thermal efficiency can reach more than 95%. If the heat is released again after 6 hours of interval after charging, the thermal efficiency will be greatly reduced. In addition, such equipment is mostly applied to distributed centralized heating scenes, and has a large volume, a small body size coefficient, and a small proportion of heat dissipation area to heat storage capacity, so it can use existing high thermal conductivity insulation materials to achieve appropriate thermal efficiency. For small-sized large-temperature-difference heat storage equipment, such as equipment with a volume of less than 2m 3To achieve high thermal efficiency and high heat storage density, not only does the heat storage material need to have a high volumetric heat storage density, but the insulation layer also needs to have a low thermal conductivity at a heat storage material temperature of 600℃. In this case, the thickness of the insulation layer needs to be controlled to be less than 100mm, and the thermal conductivity of the insulation material in the thickness direction needs to be less than 20mW / (m·K). The parameters of existing insulation materials are shown in Table 1 below, none of which can meet the requirements.

[0075] Table 1: Parameters of existing insulation materials

[0076] The existing composite insulation scheme for large temperature difference heat storage equipment cannot meet the requirements. When the room temperature is 28℃ and the hot surface temperature is 600℃, when the thickness of the insulation layer is 60mm, the heat dissipation intensity is 151W / m 2 .

[0077] In the patent "Improved Thermal Store" (application number WO2022GB00084), the first part provides a thermal store for an energy storage system, comprising: an inner vessel containing a heat storage material; and an outer vessel surrounding the inner vessel, the inner vessel and the outer vessel being spaced apart by a vacuum region extending therebetween. The thermal store further comprises an insulator disposed within the vacuum region. In this way, the level of vacuum required to achieve a desired degree of insulation can be reduced. The insulator within the vacuum region is an MLI structure, each layer of the multi-layer insulator comprising a reflective layer and a spacing layer. The spacing between the reflective layer and the spacing layer of each layer of the multi-layer insulation is between 1mm and 0.01mm. The vacuum level is monitored by a sensor that feeds back pressure or temperature parameters to control the vacuum pump. The heating method is resistance heating. The heat transfer fluid is water. Volcanic rock composite aluminum is used as the heat storage material to store energy in the form of solid sensible heat. The inner and outer vessels of the thermal store are connected through a neck, which needs to avoid stress concentration, reduce heat leakage as much as possible, and at the same time needs to ensure strength. The thermal store is also configured with a dispersion plate to limit the movement of the inner vessel relative to the outer vessel during transportation.

[0078] The thermal store further comprises an inner support disposed within the vacuum region, the inner support being configured to engage an inner surface of the outer vessel and resist compression of the outer vessel. In this way, a vacuum insulated vessel having a relatively thin outer vessel wall can have the ability to withstand compression forces generated by negative pressure within the vessel and / or resist external pressure / external impact.

[0079] The second part proposes an energy storage system comprising the thermal store of the first aspect.

[0080] The third part specifically sets forth an energy storage system, comprising: a thermal energy storage; a primary circuit (e.g., a steam circuit) comprising a first heat transfer fluid; an evaporator heat exchanger configured to receive thermal energy from the thermal energy storage and evaporate the first heat transfer fluid in liquid form to form a gas stream; a condenser heat exchanger configured to condense the gas stream received from the evaporator heat exchanger; and a secondary circuit (e.g., a non-steam circuit) comprising a second heat transfer fluid, the secondary circuit configured to receive thermal energy from the primary circuit via the condenser heat exchanger stage and supply the received thermal energy to a heating system (e.g., a hot water / central heating system).

[0081] In the paper "Experimental Study on the Heat Preservation Structure of Aluminum-Silicon Alloy Phase Change Heat Storage Device", a vacuum sandwich composite aerogel blanket heat preservation scheme is proposed, in which the side wall and bottom surface are configured with a vacuum sandwich of 10 mm thick, the top surface aerogel is 130 mm thick, the side surface aerogel is 50 mm thick, and the bottom surface aerogel is 70 mm thick. When the hot surface temperature is 600℃, the heat dissipation intensity of the outer container is 151W.

[0082] Prior art disadvantages:

[0083] 1. The MLI vacuum heat preservation scheme has a large aperture and requires a high vacuum degree;

[0084] 2. The MLI vacuum heat preservation scheme has many layers (up to 200 layers for a 500℃ temperature difference), the construction is complicated, the theoretical gap of 0.01mm cannot be achieved, the theoretical thermal conductivity cannot be obtained, the heat preservation layer is too thick, and the overall device has low volume energy storage density;

[0085] 3. The inner and outer containers are suspended or supported by a neck pipe, which has a thermal bridge and large heat loss;

[0086] 4. In order to meet the strength and weight reduction requirements, the outer container needs a support, which has a complex structure and high cost;

[0087] 5. The inner and outer container sandwich also needs a region without thermal insulation material, which increases the thickness of the thermal insulation layer and reduces the volume energy storage density;

[0088] 6. The existing LCI heat preservation scheme has high thermal conductivity, resulting in low thermal efficiency and low volume energy storage density.

[0089] The present application proposes a vacuum heat preservation scheme with multiple material combinations. When the room temperature is 25℃ and the hot surface temperature is 600℃, the equivalent thermal conductivity in the thickness direction can be as low as 13mW / (m·K). When the heat preservation layer thickness is 60mm, the heat dissipation intensity is 117W / m 2 . The large temperature difference heat storage equipment using this scheme has a cylindrical shape with a diameter and height of 850mm. The heat preservation thickness is 100mm, the heat storage capacity is 120kwh, the shape coefficient is 7, and the heat storage material can maintain 576℃ for 24 hours before releasing heat, still achieving a thermal efficiency of more than 95%.

[0090] Please refer to FIG. 1-5, FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the thermal energy storage device provided by the present application, the inner cavity is filled with heat storage material, FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the thermal energy storage device provided by the present application, the inner cavity is omitted heat storage material, FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the thermal energy storage device provided by the present application, configured with an electric heating mechanism, FIG. 4 is a partial structure diagram of the heating pipe, FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of one implementation of the heat insulation unit.

[0091] As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the embodiment of the present application provides a thermal energy storage device 100, comprising a shell 110, a heating unit, a heat storage material 130 and a heat releasing unit 140, the heating unit comprises a heating module, the heating module comprises a heating pipe 120.

[0092] The shell 110 is the external structure of the thermal energy storage device 100, which basically determines the overall modeling of the heat storage device 100. In some implementations, the appearance of the shell 110 can be roughly cylindrical structure. While in some other implementations, the appearance of the shell 110 can also be roughly triangular prism, quadrangular prism or other shapes, etc., which is not limited here.

[0093] The shell 110 also has an inner cavity 111a, which is used to fill the heat storage material 130. The heat storage material 130 can absorb heat to achieve the storage of heat. The shell 110 is a heat preservation shell, which is used to heat preservation of the heat storage material 130, which can greatly reduce the loss of heat, thereby reducing the heat loss of the thermal energy storage device 100.

[0094] Here, the embodiment of the present application does not limit the specific structure of the shell 110, and in actual application, the person skilled in the art can choose according to the specific needs, as long as it can meet the requirements of use. For example, the person skilled in the art can directly use the plate body with better heat preservation performance to prepare the shell 110.

[0095] In some optional implementations, as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the shell 110 can include an inner container 111, an outer container 112 and a heat insulation unit 113.

[0096] The inner container 111 can be arranged on the inner side of the outer container 112. And the inner cavity of the inner container 111 can be used as the aforementioned inner cavity 111a, for filling the heat storage material 130.

[0097] The content container 111 can be a double-layer structure, including an inner shell part and an outer shell part connected together. In the embodiments of the present application, the inner shell part is a contact part for directly contacting the heat storage material 130, and the outer shell part is a non-contact part not directly contacting the heat storage material 130. The inner shell part can be made of titanium alloy, and the outer shell part can be made of stainless steel. The titanium alloy can have high corrosion resistance, so that the inner shell part made of titanium alloy is not easily corroded when containing the heat storage material 130, and can have a longer service life. The stainless steel can have high strength, so that the outer shell part made of stainless steel can greatly improve the mechanical strength of the content container 111, and the cost of the stainless steel is low, which is also conducive to reducing the cost.

[0098] The inner shell part and the outer shell part can be connected by a dissimilar metal vacuum brazing process, and the brazing filler metal can be silver-based filler metal or titanium-based filler metal. Alternatively, the inner shell part and the outer shell part can also be connected by a vacuum ion welding process. In summary, the inner shell part and the outer shell part need to be reliably connected.

[0099] It should be understood that the above description of the content container 111 as a double-layer structure is only an exemplary description of the embodiments of the present application, and cannot be regarded as a limitation on the implementation scope of the heat storage device 100 provided by the present application. The content container 111 can also have other structural forms under the condition of meeting the function. For example, in the above double-layer structure, the inner shell part and the outer shell part can be made of different materials respectively; or the content container 111 can also have a single-shell structure; or the content container 111 can also be made of three or more shell parts.

[0100] In some optional implementations, the inner wall surface of the content container 111 can also be provided with a corrosion-resistant layer (not shown in the figure) to improve the corrosion resistance of the content container 111.

[0101] The corrosion-resistant layer can be an electroplated layer, for example, an electroplated layer formed by using chromium, nickel or other materials as a reinforcing surface material. Alternatively, the corrosion-resistant layer can also be a structural ceramic layer or a structural ceramic mixed graphite layer. The structural ceramic can be boron nitride or silicon nitride, etc., and can be formed by a spraying process or the like. The structural ceramic can react with itself at a certain temperature to generate a dense protective layer, thereby improving the corrosion resistance of the inner container 111. At the same time, the structural ceramic can react with the metal material in a relatively short time to form a metal complex layer, thereby having better adhesion and thus being able to avoid falling off to a large extent, which has a positive significance for ensuring the corrosion resistance of the corrosion-resistant layer. Alternatively, the corrosion-resistant layer can also be an aluminized carbon steel layer, which can also provide relatively good corrosion resistance, oxidation resistance, high-temperature stability and mechanical properties. Alternatively, the corrosion-resistant layer can also be a titanium alloy.

[0102] In fact, the corrosion-resistant layer can also be multi-layered, for example, two layers. The two layers can be the electroplated layer and the structural ceramic layer described above. The electroplated layer can be used as an inner layer to directly connect with the inner wall surface of the inner container 111, and the structural ceramic layer can be coated on the electroplated layer, thereby greatly improving the corrosion resistance of the inner container 111.

[0103] In specific applications, the double-layer structure of the corrosion-resistant layer and the inner container 111 can be selectively arranged.

[0104] The outer container 112 can be located outside the inner container 111, and the material thereof is not limited herein, for example, can be a stainless steel material or the like. The outer container 112 and the inner container 111 can form a heat insulation cavity 112a therebetween. The heat insulation cavity 112a can be used as an intermediate layer, and the heat insulation unit 113 described above can be arranged in the heat insulation cavity 112a to improve the heat insulation performance of the shell 110.

[0105] In an implementation manner of the embodiment of the present application, the intermediate layer is in a vacuum state, and the heat insulation unit 113 can specifically include a nano heat insulation material 113b. The heat insulation cavity 112a can be in a vacuum state. The nano heat insulation material 113b uses a material with low solid conductivity and full of very small pore spaces / gap spaces. The size of the pore spaces / gap spaces is much smaller than the average free path of atoms / molecules, thereby artificially limiting the movable distance of atoms / molecules to obtain relatively good heat insulation performance. In the embodiment of the present application, the nano heat insulation material 113b can also be referred to as a nano heat insulation material layer.

[0106] The nano thermal insulation material 113b can include a core material and an encapsulating part, and the core material can be encapsulated in the encapsulating part. The types of the core material and the encapsulating part can be various, and in actual applications, a person skilled in the art can determine them according to specific needs and the like. For example, the core material can include fumed silica particles, light shielding agents, reinforcing fibers and the like, and the components in the core material can be mixed in a set ratio and then compacted; and the encapsulating part can be a glass fiber cloth or the like.

[0107] In the embodiment of the present application, the pore space of the fumed silica is very small, and the average pore diameter of the pore space is between 0.001 mm and 0.05 mm. A relatively low vacuum degree can ensure a relatively high thermal insulation performance. For example, in the embodiment of the present application, the vacuum pressure (preset vacuum pressure) of the intermediate layer can be between 10 mbar and 200 mbar. In the conventional scheme, for example, the vacuum pressure of the common Muti-Layer Insulation (MLI) is 10000 times lower than that of the fumed silica, and for example, the size of the pore space of the common perlite is generally between 0.02 mm and 0.1 mm, which is about 20 times larger than that of the fumed silica. Therefore, a better vacuum degree is required, and the vacuum degree is usually required to be lower than 0.05 mbar.

[0108] As can be seen, the nano thermal insulation material 113b used in the embodiment of the present application can greatly reduce the requirement for the vacuum degree, which can reduce the use conditions of the thermal energy storage device 100 provided in the embodiment of the present application, and the cost can be lower. Correspondingly, under the condition of the same vacuum degree, the nano thermal insulation material 113b in the embodiment of the present application can achieve a lower thermal conductivity; in a specific example, the thermal conductivity of the nano thermal insulation material 113b in the embodiment of the present application can reach 0.013 W / (m·K) at 600℃, which can provide better heat preservation and thermal insulation performance. Correspondingly, under the condition of the same thermal insulation performance, the overall thickness of the shell 110 can be thin, and when the external size of the shell 110 is unchanged, the size of the inner cavity 111a of the shell 110 can be increased, so that more space can be used to arrange the heat storage material 130, thereby better improving the energy storage density of the thermal energy storage device 100 provided in the embodiment of the present application.

[0109] In the embodiment of the present application, the nano thermal insulation material 113b is usually prepared in the form of a thermal insulation plate for use. For example, the nano thermal insulation material 113b can be configured as a first thermal insulation plate 113a in the form of a flat plate.

[0110] As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the first heat insulation plate 113a can be located on the upper side and the lower side of the inner container 111, i.e. the top surface and the bottom surface of the inner container 111, so as to improve the heat insulation performance of the upper side and the lower side of the shell 110. Meanwhile, the first heat insulation plate 113a can also be used to support the inner container 111, so as to realize the installation and positioning of the inner container 111 in the outer container 112. In this implementation, the inner container 111 and the outer container 112 do not need to be connected by a structure such as a hanging connector, and the inner container 111 and the outer container 112 are less likely to form a heat bridge, which can effectively reduce heat leakage, and is more favorable for improving the heat insulation performance of the shell 110.

[0111] The pressure resistance of the first heat insulation plate 113a can be greater than 0.3 MPa, so as to have higher support performance, thereby better supporting the components (such as the inner container 111) in the outer container 112.

[0112] Here, the number and size of the first heat insulation plate 113a are not limited in the embodiments of the present application, and can be determined according to specific needs by those skilled in the art, as long as the use requirements are met. In fact, the number of the first heat insulation plate 113a is related to the size of the heat insulation cavity 112a and the thickness of the first heat insulation plate 113a. In the implementation of FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, two layers of first heat insulation plates 113a are arranged on the upper and lower sides of the inner container 111.

[0113] The nano heat insulation material 113b can also be configured as a second heat insulation plate capable of being rolled. The second heat insulation plate can be rolled into a cylindrical shape, and then arranged on the outer circumferential side of the inner container 111, so as to improve the heat insulation performance of the outer circumferential side of the shell 110.

[0114] It should be known that the radiant energy emitted by a black body per unit time is proportional to the fourth power of the absolute temperature, so when there is a large temperature difference between two surfaces, the radiation heat transfer will be more significant. In order to inhibit the above-mentioned radiation heat transfer, in the embodiments of the present application, an optical screening agent is added to the core material of the nano heat insulation material 113b, so as to reduce the emissivity, thereby reducing the above-mentioned radiation heat transfer phenomenon, and improving the heat insulation performance.

[0115] In the embodiments of the present application, the nanometer thermal insulation material 113b can be arranged in multiple layers on both the upper and lower sides of the inner container 111 or on the outer circumferential side of the inner container 111. The nanometer thermal insulation material 113b in each layer can be arranged in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the heat charging pipe 120, and a heat reflecting layer 113c can be arranged between two adjacent layers of the nanometer thermal insulation material 113b. The heat reflecting layer 113c can be, for example, an aluminum foil, and the arrangement of the heat reflecting layer 113c can reduce the absorption of radiant heat and increase the reflection, thereby reducing the phenomenon of radiant heat transfer. According to research and testing, when the number of layers of the heat reflecting layer 113c reaches 9, the radiant heat transfer will be reduced by about 90%.

[0116] Based on the preferable heat insulation performance in the embodiments of the present application, the heat storage device provided by the embodiments of the present application can maintain a high thermal efficiency even when the heat storage material 130 is maintained at a high temperature for a long time before heat release, which is of positive significance for improving the power density and energy storage density of the heat storage device.

[0117] The heat insulation cavity 112a can also be provided with a vacuum degree detection component, such as a thermal conductivity vacuum gauge, a Pirani vacuum gauge, a capacitive diaphragm vacuum gauge, an ionization vacuum gauge, a pressure gauge, etc., for detecting the vacuum degree in the heat insulation cavity 112a. For example, the pressure gauge can detect the pressure in the heat insulation cavity 112a, and use the pressure as a parameter reflecting the vacuum degree.

[0118] In combination with FIGS. 1 and 2, the outer container 112 can be provided with a signal connection part 117, which can be connected to the above-mentioned vacuum degree detection component and can be connected to an external vacuum pump. Through the detection of the vacuum degree by the vacuum degree detection component, the start-stop control of the vacuum pump can be conveniently realized. The outer container 112 can also be provided with a vacuum hole, and the vacuum pump can be connected to the vacuum hole to perform vacuumization through the vacuum hole. The vacuum hole can also be integrated into the above-mentioned signal connection part 117, so that the integration degree of the device can be higher. Of course, the vacuum hole and the above-mentioned signal connection part 117 can be independent of each other.

[0119] The signal connection part 117 can be, for example, a sintered glass vacuum joint, an aviation plug, etc., to connect and disconnect the vacuum detection component, the external vacuum pump, etc. The signal connection part 117 can be connected to the outer container 112 by welding or the like, so as not to affect the vacuum degree in the heat insulation cavity 112a.

[0120] In addition to the above-mentioned pressure detection, a sensor for measuring the temperature at one or more positions in the heat storage device can also be arranged, and the temperature can also have reference significance for the start-stop control of the vacuum pump.

[0121] In some other implementation forms of the embodiment of the application, as shown in FIG. 5, the heat insulation unit 113 can further include an inner layer heat insulation part 113d and an outer layer heat insulation part 113e.

[0122] The inner layer heat insulation part 113d can be closer to the inner container 111 than the outer layer heat insulation part 113e. The inner layer heat insulation part 113d and the outer layer heat insulation part 113e can be made of different materials. In this way, the materials of the inner layer heat insulation part 113d and the outer layer heat insulation part 113e can be adjusted as needed, and the heat insulation function of the heat insulation unit 113 can be better satisfied.

[0123] In the heat insulation cavity 112a, the temperature of the space where the inner layer heat insulation part 113d is located is higher than the temperature of the space where the outer layer heat insulation part 113e is located. Based on this, in the specific application of the embodiment of the application, the material of the inner layer heat insulation part 113d can be selected to have relatively good heat insulation performance in a relatively high temperature space, and the material of the outer layer heat insulation part 113e can be selected to have relatively good heat insulation performance in a relatively low temperature space.

[0124] It is found by the applicant that the thermal conductivity of different heat insulation materials is different, increases with the increase of temperature, and the change rate is different, which is mainly due to that different heat insulation materials realize their heat insulation performance through different components and structural characteristics. However, for specific components and structural characteristics, heat insulation materials with extremely low thermal conductivity can only have absolute advantages in specific temperature zones. For example, the thermal conductivity of aerogel felt can be as low as 0.016 W / (m·K) at 25 degrees, but can be as high as 0.035 W / (m·K) at 300 degrees, and can be further increased to 0.06 W / (m·K) at 600 degrees. However, the nano heat insulation material can maintain a thermal conductivity of less than 0.03 W / (m·K) at 600 degrees due to the self-grown denser filling structure and the addition of more proportion of light shielding agent. Therefore, the nano heat insulation material has absolute advantages in the high temperature zone in terms of heat insulation performance.

[0125] Based on this, in the embodiment of the application, the inner layer heat insulation part 113d can include at least one nano heat insulation material layer 113b to ensure the heat insulation performance of the inner layer heat insulation part 113d. When the number of layers of the nano heat insulation material layer 113b is greater than 1, a heat reflection layer 113c can be arranged between the adjacent two layers of nano heat insulation material layers 113b. The heat reflection layer 113c can be aluminum foil or the like. The heat reflection layer 113c can reduce the radiation heat transfer in the inner layer heat insulation part 113d, thereby greatly improving the heat insulation performance of the inner layer heat insulation part 113d.

[0126] The outer layer insulation part 113e can include at least one aerogel blanket layer 113e-1 to sufficiently exert the heat insulation performance of the aerogel blanket layer 113e-1 in a relatively low temperature space, while effectively controlling the cost. When the number of layers of the aerogel blanket layer 113e-1 is greater than 1, a heat reflecting layer 113c can be arranged between adjacent two aerogel blanket layers 113e-1, and the heat reflecting layer 113c can be aluminum foil or the like. The heat reflecting layer 113c can reduce the radiation heat transfer in the inner layer insulation part 113d, thereby more greatly improving the heat insulation performance of the inner layer insulation part 113d.

[0127] The temperature at the interface between the inner layer insulation part 113d and the outer layer insulation part 113e can be between 200 degrees and 350 degrees. The thickness of the nanometer thermal insulation material layer 113b in the inner layer insulation part 113d can be between 5 mm and 20 mm. The thickness of the aerogel blanket layer 113e-1 in the outer layer insulation part 113e can be between 3 mm and 10 mm. The thickness of the aluminum foil can be between 0.02 mm and 0.1 mm.

[0128] In order to better verify the improvement of the heat preservation performance of the inner layer insulation part 113d and the outer layer insulation part 113e in the embodiments of the present application, the following several groups of experiments are carried out for testing.

[0129] Experiment one, the total thickness of the heat insulation unit 113 is 43 mm. The specific structure is: the inner layer insulation part 113d includes a combination structure of 3 layers of nanometer thermal insulation material layer 113b (thickness 5 mm) + aluminum foil (thickness 0.02 mm); the outer layer insulation part 113e includes a combination structure of 6 layers of aerogel blanket layer (thickness 3 mm) + aluminum foil (thickness 0.02 mm), and a combination structure of 1 layer of aerogel blanket layer (thickness 10 mm) + aluminum foil (thickness 0.02 mm). The side of the inner layer insulation part 113d in contact with the inner container 111 is the hot side, and the side of the outer layer insulation part 113e in contact with the outer container 112 is the cold side. The temperature of the hot side is 562 degrees, the temperature difference between the hot side and the cold side is 17.5 degrees, and the temperature at the interface between the inner layer insulation part 113d and the outer layer insulation part 113e is 350 degrees. At this time, the average thermal conductivity of the above heat insulation unit 113 is 0.016 W / (m·K).

[0130] In Experiment Two, the total thickness of the heat insulation unit 113 is 49 mm. The specific structure is that the inner layer heat insulation part 113d includes a combined structure of 6 layers of the nano heat insulation material layer 113b (thickness 5 mm) + aluminum foil (thickness 0.02 mm); the outer layer heat insulation part 113e includes a combined structure of 3 layers of the aerogel felt layer (thickness 3 mm) + aluminum foil (thickness 0.02 mm), and a combined structure of 1 layer of the aerogel felt layer 113e (thickness 10 mm) + aluminum foil (thickness 0.02 mm). The temperature of the hot surface is 562 degrees, the temperature difference between the hot surface and the cold surface is 18.7 degrees, and the temperature at the separation between the inner layer heat insulation part 113d and the outer layer heat insulation part 113e is 220 degrees. At this time, the average thermal conductivity of the above-mentioned heat insulation unit 113 is 0.020 W / (m·K).

[0131] In Experiment Three, the total thickness of the heat insulation unit 113 is 53 mm. The specific structure is that the inner layer heat insulation part 113d includes a combined structure of 1 layer of the nano heat insulation material layer 113b (thickness 20 mm) + aluminum foil (thickness 0.02 mm), and a combined structure of 1 layer of the nano heat insulation material layer 113b (thickness 15 mm) + aluminum foil (thickness 0.02 mm); the outer layer heat insulation part 113e includes a combined structure of 1 layer of the aerogel felt layer 113e (thickness 3 mm) + aluminum foil (thickness 0.02 mm), a combined structure of 1 layer of the aerogel felt layer 113e (thickness 3 mm) + aluminum foil (thickness 0.02 mm), and a combined structure of 1 layer of the aerogel felt layer 113e (thickness 10 mm) + aluminum foil (thickness 0.02 mm). The temperature of the hot surface is 562 degrees, the temperature difference between the hot surface and the cold surface is 15.3 degrees, and the temperature at the separation between the inner layer heat insulation part 113d and the outer layer heat insulation part 113e is 232 degrees. At this time, the average thermal conductivity of the above-mentioned heat insulation unit 113 is 0.017 W / (m·K).

[0132] In Experiment Four, the inner layer heat insulation part 113d and the outer layer heat insulation part 113e in the embodiments of the present application are not used. The total thickness of the heat insulation unit 113 is 60 mm. The specific structure is that the nano heat insulation material layer 113b (thickness 40 mm) + aluminum foil (thickness 0.02 mm) is a combined structure of 1 layer, and the nano heat insulation material layer 113b (thickness 20 mm) + aluminum foil (thickness 0.02 mm) is a combined structure of 1 layer. The temperature of the hot surface is 562 degrees, the temperature difference between the hot surface and the cold surface is 16.8 degrees, and the average thermal conductivity of the above-mentioned heat insulation unit 113 is 0.022 W / (m·K) at this time.

[0133] In Experiment Five, the inner heat insulation part 113d and the outer heat insulation part 113e in the embodiments of the present application are not used. The total thickness of the heat insulation unit 113 is 70 mm. The specific structure is: a combination structure of aerogel felt layer (thickness 10 mm) + aluminum foil (thickness 0.02 mm) with 7 layers. The temperature of the hot face is 562 degrees, and the temperature difference between the hot face and the cold face is 14.3 degrees. At this time, the average thermal conductivity of the heat insulation unit 113 is 0.022 W / (m·K).

[0134] From the above, in the test with the hot face temperature of 562 degrees and the temperature difference between the hot face and the cold face < 20 degrees as the standard, when the scheme of using the inner heat insulation part 113d and the outer heat insulation part 113e is used, the thickness of the heat insulation unit 113 can be as low as 43 mm (Experiment One), and the average thermal conductivity can be as low as 0.016 W / (m·K). Compared with the thickness of the heat insulation unit 113 of Experiment Four of a single nano heat insulation material layer, the thickness can be reduced by about 30%. Compared with the thickness of the heat insulation unit 113 of Experiment Five of a single aerogel felt layer, the thickness can be reduced by about 40%. Therefore, the heat insulation unit 113 using the inner heat insulation part 113d and the outer heat insulation part 113e in the embodiments of the present application can have better heat preservation and heat insulation performance, and can also better meet the application requirements of household miniaturization.

[0135] In the present implementation, the intermediate interlayer can not be vacuumized, that is, the intermediate interlayer can be in a non-vacuum state, and the heat insulation unit 113 can be simpler to set and lower in cost.

[0136] In some optional implementations, the heat storage material 130 in the embodiments of the present application can be an aluminum-silicon alloy material.

[0137] The aluminum-silicon alloy material is configured to be able to undergo phase change during heat charging and heat releasing. In this way, the heat storage material 130 can simultaneously use latent heat of phase change and high-temperature sensible heat for heat storage, and can have higher energy density. Moreover, compared with electrochemical energy storage, the thermal energy storage device 100 using the aluminum-silicon alloy material as the heat storage material 130 is lower in cost, safer, longer in service life, and uses materials that are easier to recycle and more conducive to environmental protection. At the same time, the aluminum-silicon alloy material has a relatively good thermal conductivity, can have a higher heat releasing rate when releasing heat, and can have a lower heat releasing cutoff temperature, so that the heat stored in the thermal energy storage device 100 provided by the embodiments of the present application can be more thoroughly utilized, and the energy utilization rate can be higher.

[0138] The aluminum-silicon alloy material can be prepared in various ways, which are not limited herein. In some embodiments, the aluminum-silicon alloy material can be prepared by electrolytic aluminum and silicon, or can be prepared by waste aluminum and silicon. The main components are aluminum and silicon, and the effective silicon content is 10%-15%. The electrolytic aluminum can be electrolytic pure aluminum or electrolytic aluminum-silicon-iron. The iron content of the electrolytic aluminum-silicon-iron is 0.05%-3%, the balance is aluminum, and the total content of other elements is less than 0.2%. When waste aluminum is used, other elements less than 5% in waste aluminum can be considered as impurities and not calculated. The total content of impurities is not more than 10%, and the rest is aluminum.

[0139] After the heat storage material 130 is added, the inner cavity 111a can be configured with a reserved space 111a-1 on the upper side of the heat storage material 130.

[0140] The above-mentioned reserved space 111a-1 can serve as an expansion gap, which can adapt to the volume expansion of the heat storage material 130 during heating and melting, thereby reducing the force of the heat storage material 130 on the inner container 111, and can greatly avoid the situation that the inner container 111 is crushed and broken due to the volume expansion of the heat storage material 130 and other factors.

[0141] It should be understood that the above description of the heat storage material 130 being an aluminum-silicon alloy material is only an exemplary description of an embodiment of the present application, and cannot be regarded as a limitation on the implementation scope of the heat storage device 100 provided by the present application. Under the condition of meeting the function, the heat storage material 130 can also use other kinds. For example, the heat storage material 130 can be volcanic stone composite aluminum, which can store heat by solid sensible heat. For another example, the heat storage material 130 can also use crystalline hydrated salt, molten salt, paraffin and other phase change heat storage materials.

[0142] The heat charging pipe 120 can be inserted into the shell 110 and can be at least partially located in the inner cavity 111a to directly contact the heat storage material 130, so as to directly transfer heat to the heat storage material 130 for storage.

[0143] The wall surface of the heat charging pipe 120 in contact with the heat storage material 130 can also be provided with the aforementioned corrosion-resistant layer. Alternatively, the heat charging pipe 120 can also be configured as a double-layer structure including a heat charging outer pipe portion and a heat charging inner pipe portion. The heat charging outer pipe portion is a contact portion for directly contacting the heat storage material 130, and the heat charging inner pipe portion is a non-contact portion. The heat charging outer pipe portion can be made of titanium alloy to improve corrosion resistance, and the heat charging inner pipe portion can be made of stainless steel to reduce cost. In addition, since the heat charging outer pipe portion and the inner shell portion of the inner container have the same material, the welding process is more conducive to ensuring the reliability of the welding and improving the connection strength between the heat charging pipe 120 and the inner container 111.

[0144] In some optional implementations, as shown in FIG. 1, the heat charging pipe 120 can include a first pipe portion 121 and a second pipe portion 122. The first pipe portion 121 can be a transition pipe portion, which can be inserted into the aforementioned first heat insulation plate 113a. The second pipe portion 122 can be a working pipe portion, which can be inserted into the aforementioned inner cavity 111a and further inserted into the heat storage material 130 to directly transfer heat to the heat storage material 130. The first pipe portion 121 and the second pipe portion 122 can be an integrated structure formed integrally. Alternatively, the first pipe portion 121 and the second pipe portion 122 can be manufactured separately and then connected. In this implementation, it can also be considered that the heat charging pipe 120 only includes the second pipe portion 122.

[0145] The outer container 112 can also be provided with a heat charging connecting portion 114 for connecting with the heat charging device. The heat charging connecting portion 114 can be an interface pipe with a flange, which can be connected to the outer container 112 by welding or other processes to ensure sealing performance.

[0146] The number of heat charging pipes 120 can be multiple or one, which can be determined according to actual needs. It should be clear that when the number of heat charging pipes 120 is multiple, the number of heat charging connecting portions 114 can also be multiple, and each heat charging connecting portion 114 can be provided in one-to-one correspondence with each heat charging pipe 120. In the implementations of FIGS. 1 and 2, the number of heat charging pipes 120 and the number of heat charging connecting portions 114 can both be one.

[0147] Here, the energy source of the heat storage device 100 is not limited in the embodiments of the present application, which can be determined according to specific needs by those skilled in the art in actual application.

[0148] In some implementations, the energy source of the heat storage device 100 in the embodiments of the present application can be electric energy.

[0149] As shown in FIG. 3, in this implementation, the heat charging module of the heat storage device 100 provided by the present application can further include an electric heat charging mechanism 150, which can include an electric heat charging rod 151, which is equivalent to an electric resistor, and can be connected to an external power supply mechanism through a connecting cable 153, and can be inserted into the heat charging pipe 120. In this way, after the electric heat charging mechanism 150 is started, the electric heat charging rod 151 can generate heat, which can be transmitted to the heat storage material 130 through the second pipe portion 122 of the heat charging pipe 120 for storage.

[0150] In a specific example, the electric heat charging rod 151 and the inner wall surface of the heat charging pipe 120 can be in contact. In this way, the gap between the electric heat charging rod 151 and the heat charging pipe 120 is relatively small, and the heat transfer efficiency between the electric heat charging rod 151 and the heat charging pipe 120 can be relatively high.

[0151] In actual application, the outer diameter of the electric heat charging rod 151 and the inner diameter of the heat charging pipe 120 can be set to be substantially the same, so that after the electric heat charging rod 151 is inserted into the heat charging pipe 120, the outer wall surface of the electric heat charging rod 151 can be more closely attached to the inner wall surface of the heat charging pipe 120. Alternatively, a protruding portion can be provided on the outer wall surface of the electric heat charging rod 151 or the inner wall surface of the heat charging pipe 120 to achieve close contact between the electric heat charging rod 151 and the heat charging pipe 120, and the protruding portion can be in various forms such as a point-shaped protrusion, a block-shaped protrusion, a strip-shaped protrusion, etc., which are not limited herein.

[0152] In another specific example, as shown in FIG. 3, the electric heat charging mechanism 150 can further include a heat transfer sleeve 152, which can be sleeved on the electric heat charging rod 151, the outer wall surface of the electric heat charging rod 151 can be in contact with the inner wall surface of the heat transfer sleeve 152, and the outer wall surface of the heat transfer sleeve 152 can be in contact with the inner wall surface of the heat charging pipe 120. At this time, the heat transfer sleeve 152 is equivalent to a transitional connecting component, which can effectively eliminate the gap between the electric heat charging rod 151 and the heat charging pipe 120, and further improve the heat transfer efficiency between the electric heat charging rod 151 and the heat charging pipe 120.

[0153] In actual application, the inner diameter and the outer diameter of the heat transfer sleeve 152 can be controlled to ensure close contact between the heat transfer sleeve 152 and the heat charging pipe 120 and the electric heat charging rod 151. Alternatively, a protruding portion as described above can be provided on one of the inner wall surface of the heat transfer sleeve 152 and the outer wall surface of the electric heat charging rod 151, and one of the outer wall surface of the heat transfer sleeve 152 and the inner wall surface of the heat charging pipe 120 to ensure close contact between the heat transfer sleeve 152 and the heat charging pipe 120 and the electric heat charging rod 151.

[0154] The thickness of the heat transfer sleeve 152 can be determined according to actual needs, for example, can be between 5mm-20mm.

[0155] The heat transfer sleeve 152 described above can be made of metal materials. For example, aluminum, copper, iron, etc., to ensure a relatively high thermal conductivity.

[0156] Alternatively, the heat transfer sleeve 152 described above can also be made of other non-metal materials, as long as it can ensure high thermal conductivity. For example, the heat transfer sleeve 152 described above can be made of graphite material, which has high thermal conductivity, is light in weight, stable, and has many other advantages, can maintain its performance stable in different temperature and humidity environments, and has strong corrosion resistance and is not easy to damage. For example, the heat transfer sleeve 152 described above can also be made of carbide ceramics, such as silicon carbide, boron nitride silicon, boron carbide, etc.; taking silicon carbide as an example, it has high hardness, high wear resistance, high thermal conductivity and low thermal expansion coefficient, etc. Correspondingly, the heat transfer sleeve 152 made of silicon carbide material can have relatively good performance.

[0157] In addition, the electric heating mechanism 150 includes a planar structure electric heating component which is configured to be able to bend and is configured to be arranged on the outer side wall and / or the outer bottom surface of the inner container 111. At this time, the heating pipe 120 can also be omitted, so that more space can be provided in the inner container 111 to fill the heat storage material 130, which can improve the heat storage capacity and heat storage density of the heat storage device 100, which is also feasible.

[0158] As shown in FIG. 3, the electric heating mechanism 150 can include a docking head 154, which can be connected to the heating connection part 114, and the connection cable 153 can be mounted on the docking head 154. The docking head 154 can also be a sintered glass vacuum joint, which can be easily disassembled and replaced, and can also better ensure the internal vacuum of the heat insulation cavity 112a.

[0159] In the present embodiment, the source of electric energy can be a coal-fired power generation mechanism, a photovoltaic power generation mechanism, a wind power generation mechanism, or a power grid. For details, please refer to the description of the heat storage system below.

[0160] In other embodiments, the energy source of the heat storage device 100 in the present application can be light energy.

[0161] In the present embodiment, the heat charging module of the thermal energy storage device 100 can further comprise a light charging mechanism (not shown in the figure), which can at least comprise a light delivery component, such as a light guide fiber or the like, configured to deliver light into the heat charging tube 120 to directly heat the heat charging tube 120 with light energy, and then transfer the heat energy from the heat charging tube 120 to the heat storage material 130 for storage.

[0162] In this way, direct conversion of light energy to heat energy can be achieved. Compared with the implementation mode of using a photovoltaic power generation mechanism as a power supply mechanism and then generating heat energy from electric energy (the energy conversion efficiency is usually only about 20%), the present embodiment can eliminate the process of photovoltaic power generation, reduce the energy conversion process, achieve a higher light-heat conversion rate, and greatly improve the utilization rate of light energy.

[0163] When the light charging mechanism is used, the inner hole of the heat charging tube 120 can be a constant cross-section hole. Alternatively, the inner hole of the heat charging tube 120 can also be a tapered hole away from the light delivery component, so that the light energy can be more uniformly accepted, and the uniformity of the heat receiving surface temperature of the heat charging tube 120 can be improved. Alternatively, at least a part of the hole section of the heat charging tube 120 can be provided with internal threads or clamping grooves to achieve fixed connection.

[0164] Further, the light charging mechanism can further comprise a light guide component. The light delivery component can be connected to the light guide component, and the light guide component can be a quartz tube or the like, configured to guide the light delivered by the light delivery component to the inner wall surface of the heat charging tube 120.

[0165] Specifically, the light guide component can scatter light to the inner wall surface of the heat charging tube 120. In this way, more areas of the inner wall surface of the heat charging tube 120 can receive light, and the situation that a local area of the inner wall surface of the heat charging tube 120 is concentratedly irradiated and the situation that the local temperature of the heat charging tube 120 is too high caused thereby can be reduced, the stability during the light charging process can be improved, the energy of infrared radiation emitted outward from the heat charging connection part 114 can be reduced, and the utilization efficiency of light energy can be improved.

[0166] The heat charging connection part 114 can further be provided with a sealing component to reduce the escape of light. The sealing component can be a light-transmitting material, such as a semi-light-transmitting film, which has high light-transmitting property under visible light and short-wavelength infrared (such as <3000nm), but has high reflectivity under long-wavelength conditions, so that the energy of infrared radiation emitted outward from the heat charging connection part 114 can be more greatly reduced, and the utilization efficiency of light energy can be more greatly improved.

[0167] In actual application, the electric heat charging mechanism 150 and the light heat charging mechanism can exist simultaneously, at this time, the heat storage device 100 provided by the embodiment of the present application can exist multiple heat charging pipes 120 simultaneously, so as to charge the heat storage material 130 at different positions and by different charging modes, which is beneficial to improve the charging efficiency.

[0168] During the heat charging process, the heat storage material 130 close to the heat charging pipe 120 will be melted first, and after the heat storage material 130 is melted, based on the action of natural convection, a significant temperature difference will be caused between the top and the bottom of the heat storage material 130, which is easy to cause the temperature of the heat storage material 130 in liquid state at the top to be too high, forming a local high temperature area.

[0169] In view of this, as shown in FIG. 4, in the embodiment of the present application, the outer wall surface of the heat charging pipe 120 can be configured with a flow suppression structure 122a, which can effectively suppress the natural convection speed of the heat storage material 130 in liquid state, so that the temperature difference between the top and the bottom of the heat storage material 130 can be reduced, and the temperature uniformity of each area of the heat storage material 130 can be improved, so as to reduce the generation of local high temperature area.

[0170] The flow suppression structure 122a can be a ring-shaped plate, and the number thereof can be one or multiple, which can be determined according to actual needs; specifically in FIG. 4, the number of the ring-shaped plate can be two, and the two ring-shaped plates can be arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the heat charging pipe 120.

[0171] The ring-shaped plate can be a horizontal plate. Alternatively, the ring-shaped plate can also be an upwardly inclined or downwardly inclined inclined plate; in some implementations, the inclined plate can also be referred to as a conical cylinder plate. Here, the orientation description of "up" and "down" is based on the orientation and position relationship in FIG. 4.

[0172] Please refer to FIGS. 6-13, FIG. 6 is a distribution diagram of one implementation of a heat releasing unit in the heat storage material; FIG. 7 is a boiling heat exchange curve diagram; FIG. 8 is a structure schematic diagram of one implementation of a first heat releasing pipe; FIG. 9 is a structure schematic diagram of another implementation of the first heat releasing pipe; FIG. 10 is a distribution diagram of another implementation of a heat releasing unit in the heat storage material; FIG. 11 is a distribution diagram of another implementation of a heat releasing unit in the heat storage material; FIG. 12 is a structure schematic diagram of a heat releasing pipe in a content container; and FIG. 13 is a structure schematic diagram of a third heat releasing pipe in the heat storage material.

[0173] As shown in FIG. 6, the heat storage material 130 is located at least at the outer circumferential side of the heat charging pipe 120, and the heat storage material 130 comprises a heat storage module 131. The heat storage module 131 comprises an inner layer part 131a and an outer layer part 131b, the inner layer part 131a is located at the inner side of the outer layer part 131b, the inner layer part 131a is closer to the heat charging pipe 120 than the outer layer part 131b, and the inner layer part 131a and the outer layer part 131b both extend along the axial direction of the heat charging pipe 120, and the heat storage module 131 has a cylindrical interface 131c between the inner layer part 131a and the outer layer part 131b. The interface 131c is not a surface of a physical component, but a virtual surface in the embodiment of the present application for clearly showing the range of the inner layer part 131a and the outer layer part 131b, and the inner layer part 131a and the outer layer part 131b are still connected at the interface 131c and will not be separated. In addition, the interface 131c can be a circular cylinder, or can also be a triangular cylinder, a square cylinder or other cylindrical structures with other cross-sectional shapes, which are not limited here.

[0174] The heat releasing unit 140 comprises a heat releasing module 141. When the number of the heat storage module 131 is one, the number of the heat releasing module 141 can also be one, and the heat releasing module 141 can be arranged in the heat storage module 131.

[0175] When the heat stored in the heat storage device 100 needs to be used, a heat exchange medium can be introduced into the heat releasing module 141, and when the heat exchange medium flows in the heat releasing module 141, it can take away the heat stored in the heat storage material 130. The heat exchange medium can be water, which can be boiled to form steam after flowing through the heat releasing module 141, so that the steam can be delivered to the outside. Taking the heat storage material 130 as an aluminum-silicon alloy material for example, during the heat releasing process, the temperature of the heat storage material 130 can decrease from above 560℃ to below 200℃, and under different temperature conditions, the heat exchange state and the heat exchange amount of the heat releasing module 141 will change, and if not controlled, it will affect the stability of the heat releasing process of the heat storage device 100 provided in the embodiment of the present application and affect the use.

[0176] In view of this, in the embodiment of the present application, the heat releasing module 141 comprises at least one first heat releasing pipe 141a, and the first heat releasing pipe 141a is arranged along the axial direction and the circumferential direction of the interface 131c; the pipe wall of the first heat releasing pipe 141a can be separated by the interface 131c, so that the pipe wall of the first heat releasing pipe 141a is separated into an inner side wall part 141a-1 and an outer side wall part 141a-2 in the circumferential direction, the inner side wall part 141a-1 is located in the inner layer part 131a, and the outer side wall part 141a-2 is located in the outer layer part 131b.

[0177] As shown in FIG. 7, under the condition of boiling heat exchange, with the increase of the wall temperature, the boiling in the first heat releasing pipe 141a will gradually experience the nucleate boiling stage, the transition boiling stage and the film boiling stage. In the nucleate boiling stage, the heat exchange rate increases with the increase of the wall temperature, but in the transition boiling stage, the heat exchange rate decreases with the increase of the wall temperature.

[0178] Specifically, in the embodiment, since the first heat releasing pipe 141a is distributed along the axial direction and the circumferential direction of the interface 131c, the first heat releasing pipe 141a can form a clear "heat insulation zone" along the interface 131c, so that the temperature of the inner layer 131a is lower than the temperature of the outer layer 131b during heat release. Based on this, the wall of the first heat releasing pipe 141a is divided into an inner wall part 141a-1 and an outer wall part 141a-2 in the circumferential direction, and the inner wall part 141a-1 is located in the inner layer 131a with relatively low temperature, and the outer wall part 141a-2 is located in the outer layer 131b with relatively high temperature. In this way, during the continuous decrease of the temperature of the heat storage material 130, the inner wall part 141a-1 can be in the nucleate boiling stage, and the outer wall part 141a-2 can be in the transition boiling stage, the heat exchange rate of the inner wall part 141a-1 decreases with the continuous decrease of the temperature, and the heat exchange rate of the outer wall part 141a-2 increases with the continuous decrease of the temperature, which can offset each other, and the total heat exchange amount can be stabilized, so as to facilitate the use of the thermal energy storage device 100 provided by the embodiment as a stable heat source.

[0179] Here, the embodiment does not limit the specific structure and arrangement of the first heat releasing pipe 141a, and those skilled in the art can determine it according to specific needs in actual application, as long as it can meet the use requirements.

[0180] In some implementations, as shown in FIG. 8, the first heat releasing pipe 141a can include a plurality of first pipe segments 141aa, the projection of each first pipe segment 141aa in the axial direction of the interface 131c does not cover the projection of the interface 131c in the axial direction, and each first pipe segment 141aa is arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the interface 131c. In this implementation, the number of the first pipe segments 141aa can be greater than or equal to three, so that the first pipe segments 141aa can be arranged more uniformly along the circumferential direction of the interface 131c, and the "heat insulation zone" can be better formed.

[0181] The first pipe segment 141aa can be a straight pipe segment, for example as shown in FIG. 8, in which case the projection of the first pipe segment 141aa in the axial direction of the interface 131c can be a "point", it being understood that the "point" has a certain area. Correspondingly, the projection of each first pipe segment 141aa in the axial direction of the interface 131c is a plurality of spaced-apart "points", and the total projection of the first pipe segments 141aa in the axial direction of the interface 131c cannot cover the projection of the interface 131c in the axial direction thereof.

[0182] In addition, the first pipe segment 141aa can also be a curved pipe, for example an arc-shaped pipe, a portion of a spiral pipe, etc., in which case the projection of the first pipe segment 141aa in the axial direction of the interface 131c can be a "line segment", it being understood that the "line segment" has a certain width. In this case, although the projection of a single first pipe segment 141aa in the axial direction of the interface 131c cannot cover the projection of the interface 131c in the axial direction thereof, the total projection of the first pipe segments 141aa in the axial direction of the interface 131c can cover the projection of the interface 131c in the axial direction thereof, which is related to the shape of the first pipe segment 141aa and the number of first pipe segments 141aa. Moreover, the curved pipe has a bending region, so that the fluid inside the curved pipe can generate a centrifugal force, and the fluid can be more closely attached to the pipe wall, which is also beneficial to improving the heat exchange rate.

[0183] In other implementations, as shown in FIG. 9, the first heat dissipation pipe 141a can include at least one second pipe segment 141ab, and the projection of the second pipe segment 141ab in the axial direction of the interface 131c can cover the projection of the interface 131c in the axial direction thereof. In this way, the heat insulation effect that can be achieved by the first heat dissipation pipe 141a itself can be better.

[0184] In the present implementation, the second pipe segment 141ab can be a ring-shaped pipe or a spiral coil pipe. The ring-shaped pipe or the spiral coil pipe has a bending region, so that the fluid inside the ring-shaped pipe or the spiral coil pipe can generate a centrifugal force, and the fluid can be more closely attached to the pipe wall, which is also beneficial to improving the heat exchange rate. For example, FIG. 9 shows an implementation of a spiral coil pipe, when the number of spiral coil pipes is a plurality, each spiral coil pipe extends in the axial direction and the circumferential direction of the interface 131c, and each spiral coil pipe is arranged in the circumferential direction of the interface 131c in a staggered manner, so that the heat insulation effect of the "heat insulation belt" formed by the plurality of spiral coil pipes can be better.

[0185] In fact, in specific applications, the two implementation manners above can also be used simultaneously, that is, the first heat releasing pipe 141a can also simultaneously include the first pipe section 141aa and the second pipe section 141ab, and the first pipe section 141aa and the second pipe section 141ab can be located at different regions of the interface 131c in the axial direction. For example, the second pipe section 141ab can be an annular pipe, which can be distributed at the axial two ends of each first pipe section 141aa to serve as a manifold at the axial two ends of each first pipe section 141aa. In this way, not only the heat insulation effect can be improved, but also the structural connection between each first pipe section 141aa at the axial two ends of each first pipe section 141aa can be established, and the structural strength of the first heat releasing pipe 141a can be improved.

[0186] In some optional implementation manners, as shown in FIG. 10, the heat releasing module 141 can also include at least one second heat releasing pipe 141b, which can be inserted into the inner layer part 131a. At this time, the pipe wall of the second heat releasing pipe 141b can correspond to the inner side wall part 141a-1 of the first heat releasing pipe 141a, and the proportion of the wall part in contact with the inner layer part 131a and the outer layer part 131b in the heat releasing module 141 can be adjusted, which increases the adjustability of the thermal energy storage device 100 provided in the embodiments of the present application and is more conducive to ensuring the stability of the total heat exchange amount.

[0187] It should be understood that the second heat releasing pipe 141b above can also be arranged in the outer layer part 131b, and the specific arrangement can be determined according to actual use needs.

[0188] The part (for example, the first heat releasing pipe 141a and the second heat releasing pipe 141b) of the heat releasing module 141 in contact with the heat storage material 130 can also be configured with the corrosion-resistant layer mentioned above to improve the corrosion resistance. Alternatively, the part of the heat releasing module 141 in contact with the heat storage material 130 can also be provided with a double-layer structure including a heat releasing outer pipe part and a heat releasing inner pipe part. The heat releasing outer pipe part is a contact part for directly contacting the heat storage material 130, and the heat releasing inner pipe part is a non-contact part. The heat releasing outer pipe part can be made of titanium alloy to improve the corrosion resistance, and the heat releasing inner pipe part can be made of stainless steel to reduce the cost. In addition, since the heat releasing outer pipe part and the inner layer shell part of the inner container have the same material, when the welding process is used to weld the two parts, the welding reliability can be more easily ensured, and the connection strength between the heat releasing pipe 120 and the inner container 111 can be improved.

[0189] In the implementation modes of the foregoing FIG. 6 and FIG. 10, the number of the heat charging pipe 120, the heat storage module 131 and the heat releasing module 141 is one, the heat storage module 131 is equivalent to all the heat storage material 130, and the heat storage module 131 and the boundary surface 131c are arranged around the central axis of the heat charging pipe 120. In this way, the structure of the heat storage device 100 provided by the embodiment of the present application can be relatively simple, and the manufacturing cost can be relatively low.

[0190] In addition, in some other implementation modes of the embodiment of the present application, the heat storage module 131 can also be multiple, for example, as shown in FIG. 11 and FIG. 12, at this time, one heat releasing module 141 can be arranged in each heat storage module 131, and the boundary surface 131c can be formed in each heat storage module 131, and the heat releasing modules 141 can be communicated through the communication pipe 144, and the communication pipe 144 can also be used to realize heat releasing. In this implementation mode, the number of the heat charging pipe 120 can be one or multiple, for example, the number of the heat charging pipe 120 can be consistent with the number of the heat storage module 131, and each heat charging pipe 120 can be correspondingly inserted into the inner layer 131a of each heat storage module 131.

[0191] In addition, in some other implementation modes of the embodiment of the present application, as shown in FIG. 13, the heat releasing module 141 can also include a third heat exchange pipe 141c, at least a part of the third heat exchange pipe 141c can be a bent pipe to extend the size of the third heat exchange pipe 141c, and the central axis of the third heat exchange pipe 141c can be located in the same plane, which is also a feasible implementation mode.

[0192] In addition, in some other implementation modes of the embodiment of the present application, at least part of the heat releasing pipes in the heat releasing module 141 can also be arranged on the outer side wall of the inner container 111, that is, the heat releasing pipes can also be arranged in the intermediate layer, which is also a feasible implementation mode. In this implementation mode, the heat exchange pipes can be arranged along the outer circumferential side of the inner container 111, and the shape can be various shapes such as ring, spiral coil, straight line, etc., which are not limited here.

[0193] The heat releasing unit 140 can also include a heat releasing inlet pipe 142 and a heat releasing outlet pipe 143, and the heat releasing inlet pipe 142 and the heat releasing outlet pipe 143 can be located in the heat insulation cavity 112a and inserted into the first heat insulation plate 113a. The heat releasing inlet pipe 142 and the heat releasing outlet pipe 143 can be connected with the heat releasing module 141 to introduce and discharge the heat exchange medium into and out of the heat releasing module 141.

[0194] Further, the shell 110 can be further configured with a heat release inlet connecting part 115 and a heat release outlet connecting part 116, which can be in the same structure as the heat charging connecting part 114. The heat release inlet connecting part 115 can be connected with the heat release inlet pipe 142, and the heat release outlet connecting part 116 can be connected with the heat release outlet pipe 143. Meanwhile, the heat release inlet connecting part 115 and the heat release outlet connecting part 116 can be further connected with an external heat release device.

[0195] The heat release device is used to supply the heat storage device 100 with heat exchange medium, and is used to lead away the heat exchange medium after heat exchange. The specific structure of the heat release device can be referred to the following description.

[0196] The shell 110 can be further provided with a temperature detecting part, which can be a thermocouple sensor or the like, and is used to detect the real-time temperature of the heat storage material 130, which can include the real-time temperature value of the inner layer part 131a and the real-time temperature value of the outer layer part 131b. The temperature detecting part can be connected with the signal connecting part 117, so as to improve the integration of the signal connecting part 117.

[0197] In addition, the heat storage device 100 further includes a backup power supply, which can be a lithium battery or the like, and is used to supply power for various forms of sensor devices, controller devices and the like in a power-off working condition, so that the heat storage device 100 can also be used in the power-off working condition.

[0198] In the embodiment of the present application, the heat charging operation and the heat release operation can be performed synchronously, or can be performed separately, which is not limited herein.

[0199] As known from the above, the heat storage device 100 provided by the embodiment of the present application can have higher energy density and power density, higher safety, longer service life, and is more conducive to miniaturization, and can facilitate the household application of the heat storage device 100.

[0200] Please refer to FIG. 14-FIG. 23. FIG. 14 is a structural schematic diagram of a heat storage system provided by the present application; FIG. 15 is a circuit diagram of an implementation of a voltage regulating part; FIG. 16 is a circuit diagram of an implementation of an adjustable resistor; FIG. 17 is a structural schematic diagram of a steam supply mechanism; FIG. 18 is a structural schematic diagram of a hot water supply mechanism; FIG. 19 is another structural schematic diagram of the hot water supply mechanism; FIG. 20 is still another structural schematic diagram of the hot water supply mechanism; FIG. 21 is yet another structural schematic diagram of the hot water supply mechanism; FIG. 22 is a structural schematic diagram of a steam-water mixing part; and FIG. 23 is another structural schematic diagram of the steam-water mixing part.

[0201] As shown in FIG. 14, the present application provides a thermal energy storage system, which comprises a thermal energy storage device 100, a heat charging device 200 and a heat releasing device 300. The thermal energy storage device 100 can be the thermal energy storage device 100 involved in the above-mentioned various implementation manners. The heat charging device 200 is configured to be connected with the heat charging pipe 120, so as to provide a heat charging source for the heat charging unit, which comprises electricity and / or light, thereby charging the thermal energy storage device 100. The heat releasing device 300 is configured to be connected with the heat releasing unit 140, so as to provide an exchange medium to the outside, which can specifically comprise water, water vapor, oil and the like, thereby realizing the utilization of the heat in the thermal energy storage device 100.

[0202] Since the above-mentioned thermal energy storage device 100 has the above technical effects, the thermal energy storage system with the thermal energy storage device 100 also has similar technical effects, which will not be repeated here.

[0203] In some optional implementation manners, the heat charging device 200 can be a power supply mechanism. For example, the power supply mechanism can be a wind power generation mechanism, a photovoltaic power generation mechanism, a hydraulic power generation mechanism, a coal-fired power generation mechanism and the like, which can directly generate electricity. In this implementation manner, the thermal energy storage device 100 in the embodiment of the present application can be used as the only energy storage device of these power generation mechanisms, so as to generate heat by using the electricity generated by these power generation mechanisms, and then store the heat. Alternatively, the thermal energy storage device 100 in the embodiment of the present application can be used as an auxiliary energy storage device, which can be used only when the energy is abundant (for example, when the wind power generation mechanism is in a large wind, or when the photovoltaic power generation mechanism is in a strong sunlight at noon), so as to generate heat by using the abundant electricity for storage. For another example, the power supply mechanism can also be a power grid. At this time, the thermal energy storage device 100 can generate heat by using the off-peak electricity of the power grid at night for storage, so as to fully utilize the idle electricity, which can effectively reduce the cost of heat storage. Then, the heat is released by the heat releasing device 300 during the day when the electricity price is high. In this way, the thermal energy storage system provided by the embodiment of the present application can realize the energy allocation, which can effectively solve the contradiction between the supply and demand of the power system in time, can greatly improve the comprehensive utilization efficiency of the energy, and can effectively reduce the use cost of the energy.

[0204] It should be understood that for the wind power generation mechanism, the photovoltaic power generation mechanism and the like, the output characteristics of the unstable energy generation mechanism 210 are greatly affected by the natural conditions (light intensity, wind power and the like), and the load resistance corresponding to the maximum power point under different natural conditions is also different. Specifically in the embodiment of the present application, the load resistance is the above-mentioned electric heat charging rod 151. When the resistance value of the electric heat charging rod 151 remains unchanged, the change of the output characteristics of the wind power generation mechanism or the photovoltaic power generation mechanism will inevitably result in that there are some moments when the actual output efficiency is low.

[0205] In the embodiment of the present application, the heating device 200 further comprises a voltage adjusting component 220, and the unstable energy generating mechanism 210 is connected to the power supply mechanism 150 through the voltage adjusting component 220. The voltage adjusting component 220 is used to adjust the voltage on both sides of the power supply mechanism 150, so as to realize real-time tracking of the maximum power point under different power supply conditions and improve the output efficiency.

[0206] In the embodiment of the present application, the specific structure of the voltage adjusting component 220 is not limited, and a person skilled in the art can set it according to the specific type of the power supply mechanism and actual conditions, as long as it can meet the use requirements. Taking the power supply mechanism as a photovoltaic generating mechanism as an example, the voltage adjusting component 220 can be a DCDC circuit, which can be a Boost circuit, a Buck circuit, a Buck-Boost circuit, etc. Taking the Buck circuit as an example, as shown in FIG. 15, it can include a field effect transistor 221, a diode 222, an inductor 223 and a capacitor 224. The voltage conversion coefficient can be adjusted by adjusting the duty cycle of the field effect transistor 221. In order to obtain a better voltage conversion coefficient, a constant voltage tracking method can be used, that is, the output voltage of the unstable energy generating mechanism 210 is stabilized at a set value, so as to realize real-time maximum power output (in general, the output voltage U mpp of the maximum power point of the photovoltaic generating mechanism is stable); or, a perturbation method can also be used.

[0207] In fact, in addition to the above-mentioned implementation manner of the voltage adjusting component 220, the power supply mechanism 150 can also be configured with an adjustable resistor, that is, the resistance value of the electric heating rod 151 can be adjusted, so as to improve the output efficiency.

[0208] The structure of the adjustable resistor is also various, and a person skilled in the art can select it according to the specific needs in actual application. In some implementation manners, as shown in FIG. 16, the electric heating rod 151 can include a plurality of optional resistors 151a connected in parallel, and each optional resistor 151a is connected with a relay switch 151b. By opening and closing the relay switch 151b, the number of the optional resistors 151a connected can be adjusted, and then the resistance of the electric heating rod 151 can be adjusted, so as to realize tracking of the maximum power point. This scheme avoids too many power electronic devices, has simple structure, high reliability and low cost.

[0209] For the implementation manner of the adjustable resistor, the maximum output power can be obtained by the voltage tracking method, that is, when the output voltage is higher than the set voltage, the resistance value is reduced, otherwise the resistance value is increased. Or, the maximum output power can also be obtained by the perturbation method.

[0210] In some optional implementations, the heat charging device 200 can be a light supply mechanism. The light supply mechanism can include a light receiving component that can directly guide light into the heat charging pipe 120 to directly generate heat by light and then store the heat. Compared with the photovoltaic power generation and the scheme of generating heat by reusing electric energy, the light supply mechanism can directly utilize light energy, has fewer energy conversion procedures, and can have a higher conversion efficiency.

[0211] In some optional implementations, the heat releasing device 300 can include a steam supply mechanism 310.

[0212] As shown in FIG. 17, the steam supply mechanism 310 can include a first water path 311 and a first steam path 312. The first water path 311 and the first steam path 312 can be connected to the heat releasing unit 140. The first water path 311 can be located upstream of the heat storage device 100 and used to supply cold water to the heat releasing unit 140. The cold water can be boiled and changed into steam after passing through the heat releasing unit 140. The first steam path 312 can be located downstream of the heat storage device 100 and used to guide the steam out. Here, the upstream can refer to a heat releasing inlet pipe (input end of the heat releasing unit) through which the heat exchange medium flows into the heat releasing unit, and the downstream can refer to a heat releasing outlet pipe (output end of the heat releasing unit) through which the heat exchange medium flows out of the heat releasing unit.

[0213] The first water path 311 can be configured with a first pump body 311a and a second proportional valve 311b. The first pump body 311a can provide a pumping driving force. The second proportional valve 311b can realize on-off adjustment and flow adjustment of the first water path 311.

[0214] As shown in FIG. 18, in the embodiment of the present application, the heat releasing device 300 can further include a second water path 320, which is also used to supply cold water. The first steam path 312 can be connected with a steam-water mixing component 330, and the second water path 320 can be connected to the steam-water mixing component 330. In this way, the steam provided by the first steam path 312 and the cold water provided by the second water path 320 can be mixed in the steam-water mixing component 330 to generate hot water.

[0215] As shown in FIG. 19, a communication pipe 340 can be arranged between the first water path 311 and the second water path 320, and the communication pipe 340 can be configured with a first proportional valve 341. When the temperature of the heat storage material 130 is very low and cannot generate enough water vapor by using the cold water in the first water path 311, the first proportional valve 341 can be opened and the first water path 311 can be closed to directly supply the cold water in the second water path 320 to the heat storage device 100, so as to generate hot water.

[0216] As shown in Fig. 20, the first water path 311 and the second water path 320 can also be independent of each other, the first water path 311 can be configured with a first pump body 311a and a second proportional valve 311b, and the second water path 320 can be configured with a second pump body 321 and a third proportional valve 322. By adjusting the opening degrees of the second proportional valve 311b and the third proportional valve 322, the flow rates of the first water path 311 and the second water path 320 can be adjusted, and then the outlet temperature of the steam-water mixing component 330 can be adjusted.

[0217] In fact, the second proportional valve 311b and the third proportional valve 322 can also be omitted, and then the first pump body 311a and the second pump body 321 are set as pump bodies capable of flow rate adjustment, so that the purpose of flow rate adjustment of the first water path 311 and the second water path 320 can also be achieved, and at the same time, the number of components can be reduced to simplify the structure.

[0218] As shown in Fig. 21, the first water path 311 and the second water path 320 can also be connected, at this time, the first water path 311 and the second water path 320 are equivalent to a shared water source, and share the first pump body 311a, so that the number of components can be reduced to simplify the structure. The first water path 311 can be configured with a fourth proportional valve 311c downstream of the connection point with the second water path 320, and the second water path 320 can be configured with a fifth proportional valve 323. By adjusting the fourth proportional valve 311c and the fifth proportional valve 323, the flow rates of the first water path 311 and the second water path 320 can be adjusted, and then the purpose of adjusting the outlet temperature of the steam-water mixing component 330 can be achieved.

[0219] As shown in Fig. 22, the steam-water mixing component 330 can include a mixer 330a, a steam inlet portion 330b, a water inlet portion 330c, and an outlet portion 330a. The steam inlet portion 330b, the water inlet portion 330c, and the outlet portion 330d can be connected to the mixer 330a. The mixer 330a can also be provided with a diffuser 330f, the steam inlet portion 330b and the diffuser 330f can be connected, and the inner wall surface of the mixer 330a can also be provided with a turbulence structure 330e.

[0220] In the above scheme, the diffuser 330f can reduce the noise generated during steam-water mixing, and the turbulence structure 330e can improve the mixing rate and heat exchange efficiency of steam and water. The steam-water mixing component 330 has the advantages of small volume, fast heat exchange rate, no heat loss, and no steam condensate water.

[0221] As shown in FIG. 23, the embodiment of the present application further provides another steam-water mixing component 330, which comprises a heat exchanger 330g, a first outlet pipe 330h, a second outlet pipe 330i and an outlet main pipe 330j. The heat exchanger 330g can be a plate heat exchanger or the like, and a first medium channel and a second medium channel can be formed in the heat exchanger 330g. The first steam channel 312 and the first outlet pipe 330h can be connected to the first medium channel, the second water channel 320 and the second outlet pipe 330i can be connected to the second medium channel, and the first outlet pipe 330h and the second outlet pipe 330i can be connected to the outlet main pipe 330j. The steam provided by the first steam channel 312 and the water provided by the second water channel 320 can be heated in the heat exchanger 330g first, and then mixed in the outlet main pipe 330j through the first outlet pipe 330h and the second outlet pipe 330i. In this way, the noise during the steam-water mixing process can be lower.

[0222] In the present scheme, the first steam channel 312 can be further connected to a bypass branch 312a, and the bypass branch 312a can be provided with a sixth proportional valve 312a-1. A seventh proportional valve 312b can be arranged in a downstream pipe section of the first steam channel 312 at a connection point of the first steam channel 312 and the bypass branch 312a. When hot water is not needed, the sixth proportional valve 312a-1 can be opened, and the seventh proportional valve 312b can be closed. The heat releasing device 300 can directly provide steam to the outside through the bypass branch 312a.

[0223] In the embodiment of the present application, the heat releasing device 300 involves relatively more pipes and steam delivery, and in order to ensure safety in use, components such as safety valves and pressure switches can be arranged in normal pipe structures, which are not limited and described herein.

[0224] The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present application, and it should be noted that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the principle of the present application, some improvements and refinements can be made, which should also be considered as the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A thermal energy storage device, characterized in that, include: The shell includes an outer container, an inner container, and a heat insulation unit, wherein the inner container is disposed inside the outer container, and the heat insulation unit is disposed in an intermediate interlayer between the inner container and the outer container; Thermal storage material is filled into the inner container; A heat charging unit includes at least one heat charging module; the heat charging module is configured to heat the heat storage material. The heat release unit includes at least one heat release module, which is configured to use the heat stored in the heat storage material to provide heat to the outside.

2. The thermal energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The intermediate interlayer is in a preset vacuum state, and / or the heat insulation unit is provided with one or more layers of nano heat insulation material.

3. The thermal energy storage device according to claim 2, characterized in that, It also includes a vacuum pump connected to the intermediate interlayer, the vacuum pump being configured to operate to maintain a preset vacuum pressure.

4. The thermal energy storage device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The preset vacuum pressure is between 10 mbar and 200 mbar.

5. The thermal energy storage device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The nano-insulating material layer includes a core material and an encapsulation part, wherein the core material is encapsulated in the encapsulation part, and the core material includes fumed silica particles, a light-blocking agent, and reinforcing fibers.

6. The thermal energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat insulation unit is provided with a first heat insulation plate, which includes nano heat insulation material and is located on the top and bottom surfaces of the inner container.

7. The thermal energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat insulation unit is provided with a second heat insulation plate, which includes nano heat insulation material and is located on the outer periphery of the inner container.

8. The thermal energy storage device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The heat insulation unit is provided with multiple layers of the nano heat insulation material, and a heat reflective layer is arranged between each layer of the nano heat insulation material.

9. The thermal energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat insulation unit includes an inner heat insulation layer and an outer heat insulation layer. The inner heat insulation layer is closer to the inner container than the outer heat insulation layer. The inner heat insulation layer and the outer heat insulation layer are made of different materials.

10. The thermal energy storage device according to claim 9, characterized in that, The inner insulation layer includes at least one layer of nano-insulating material and at least one heat-reflective layer.

11. The thermal energy storage device according to claim 9, characterized in that, The outer heat insulation layer includes at least one aerogel felt layer and at least one heat reflective layer.

12. The thermal energy storage device according to any one of claims 1-11, characterized in that, The heat charging module includes an electric heating mechanism and a heat transfer sleeve. The heat transfer sleeve is at least partially located in the heat storage material. The electric heating mechanism includes an electric heating rod, which is inserted into the heat transfer sleeve.

13. The thermal energy storage device according to claim 12, characterized in that, The heat transfer jacket can be made of any one of the following materials: metal, graphite, carbide ceramic, etc.

14. The thermal energy storage device according to any one of claims 1-11, characterized in that, The heat charging module includes a photo-heat charging mechanism and a heat charging tube, the heat charging tube being at least partially located in the heat storage material, and the photo-heat charging mechanism including at least a light transmission component configured to transmit light into the heat charging tube.

15. The thermal energy storage device according to claim 14, characterized in that, The inner hole of the heat-charging tube is a hole with a constant cross-section; or, the inner hole of the heat-charging tube is a tapered hole in the direction away from the light transmission component; or, at least a partial section of the inner hole of the heat-charging tube is provided with internal threads or grooves.

16. The thermal energy storage device according to claim 14, characterized in that, The photothermal charging mechanism further includes a light guide component, which is connected to the light transmission component. The light guide component is configured to guide the light transmitted from the light transmission component to the inner wall surface of the charging tube.

17. The thermal energy storage device according to any one of claims 1-11, characterized in that, The thermal storage material includes an aluminum-silicon alloy material, which is configured to undergo a phase change during the charging and releasing of heat, and the inner container has a reserved space on the upper side of the thermal storage material.

18. The thermal energy storage device according to any one of claims 1-11, characterized in that, At least one of the inner container, the heat charging module, and the heat releasing module, and the portion in contact with the heat storage material, is provided with a corrosion-resistant layer.

19. The thermal energy storage device according to claim 18, characterized in that, The corrosion-resistant layer is one or more of the following: an electroplated layer, a structural ceramic layer, a structural ceramic mixed with graphite layer, a carbon steel aluminized layer, and a titanium alloy.

20. The thermal energy storage device according to any one of claims 1-11, characterized in that, The heat dissipation module includes at least one heat dissipation tube, which is disposed inside the inner container or in the intermediate layer.

21. The thermal energy storage device according to any one of claims 1-11, characterized in that, The heat release module includes at least one heat release tube, which is disposed within the heat storage material. The heat release tube includes an annular tube and a spiral coil; or... At least a portion of the heat-releasing pipe is a bend, and the central axis of the heat-releasing pipe is located in the same plane.

22. A thermal energy storage system, characterized in that, The device includes any one of the thermal energy storage devices, heat charging devices, and heat dissipation devices according to claims 1-20, wherein the heat charging device is configured to be connected to the heat charging unit and to provide a heat source to the heat charging unit. The heat-dissipating device is configured to connect to the heat-dissipating unit and provide a heat exchange medium to the outside.

23. The thermal energy storage system according to claim 22, characterized in that, The heat exchange medium includes water and / or steam, and the heat release device includes a steam supply mechanism. The steam supply mechanism includes a first water path and a first steam path. The first water path is connected to the input end of the heat release unit, and the first steam path is connected to the output end of the heat release unit. The first water path supplies water to the heat release unit, and the first steam path supplies hot water and / or steam to the outside.

24. The thermal energy storage system according to claim 23, characterized in that, The heat release device further includes a second water channel, the first steam channel is connected to a steam-water mixing component, and the second water channel is connected to the steam-water mixing component.

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