Stator, electric motor, power train and vehicle

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of vehicles. Provided are a stator, an electric motor, a power train and a vehicle. The stator comprises a stator core and stator windings, wherein the stator core is provided with a plurality of slots, a radial oil passage and a plurality of axial oil passages, the plurality of slots being distributed in a circumferential direction, and each axial oil passage being in communication with one slot and being also in communication with the radial oil passage; and the stator windings are located in the plurality of slots, and the radial oil passage is configured to be in communication with an oil inlet hole in an electric motor housing of the electric motor where the radial oil passage is located. In the present application, cooling oil can not only flow in the axial oil passages to dissipate heat from the stator core, but can also flow in the slots to dissipate heat from the stator windings in the slots, thereby enhancing the heat dissipation effect of the stator.

Description

Stator, motor, powertrain and automobile

[0001] This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202410818285.3, filed on June 21, 2024, entitled "Stator, Motor, Powertrain and Automobile", the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] This application relates to the field of vehicle technology, and in particular to a stator, motor, powertrain, and automobile. Background Technology

[0003] The drive motors of new energy vehicles have been developing towards higher power and higher torque, but the problem of weak range of electric vehicles has not been well solved. Among them, the heat dissipation of the drive motor is one of the factors affecting the range of electric vehicles.

[0004] An electric motor is an electromagnetic device that converts or transmits electrical energy based on the law of electromagnetic induction. Structurally, it mainly consists of a stator and a rotor. Motor heat dissipation mainly refers to heat dissipation for the stator and rotor. Stator heat dissipation is generally achieved through oil cooling, such as arranging oil channels on the stator core, where cooling oil flows to dissipate heat from the stator core. However, the heat dissipation effect of current stator heat dissipation methods is still not ideal. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a stator, motor, powertrain, and automobile in which cooling oil can flow in the axial oil passage to dissipate heat from the stator core and in the tooth slots to dissipate heat from the stator windings in the tooth slots, thereby enhancing the heat dissipation effect of the stator and solving the problem of poor stator heat dissipation in the prior art.

[0006] In a first aspect, this application provides a stator, the stator comprising a stator core and stator windings, the stator core having a plurality of slots, radial oil passages and a plurality of axial oil passages;

[0007] The plurality of tooth grooves are distributed along the circumferential direction, and each axial oil passage is connected to a tooth groove and also to the radial oil passage;

[0008] The stator windings are located in the plurality of slots, and the radial oil passages are used to communicate with the oil inlet holes on the motor housing of the motor.

[0009] The slots are located on either the inner or outer surface of the stator core. The inner surface is the inner ring surface of the annular stator core, and the outer surface is the outer ring surface. Radial oil channels are those distributed radially along the stator core, and axial oil channels are those distributed axially along the stator core. Both radial and axial oil channels are located in the chuck section of the stator core. The chuck section is the portion between the stator core surface and the slots. If the slots are located on the inner surface, the chuck section is the portion between the slots and the outer surface; conversely, if the slots are located on the outer surface, the chuck section is the portion between the slots and the inner surface.

[0010] In the scheme shown in this application, because the stator core has radial oil channels communicating with the oil inlet of the motor housing, and also axial oil channels communicating with the tooth slots, and the axial oil channels are connected to the radial oil channels, the coolant entering the radial oil channels through the oil inlet can flow in both the axial oil channels and the tooth slots. Furthermore, since both the radial and axial oil channels are arranged in the yoke of the stator core, the coolant flowing in the radial and axial oil channels can dissipate heat from the yoke of the stator core. Since the stator windings are arranged in the tooth slots, the coolant flowing in the tooth slots can dissipate heat from the stator windings in the tooth slots. This scheme, which dissipates heat from both the yoke of the stator core and the stator windings, enhances the heat dissipation effect of the stator compared to dissipating heat only from the yoke of the stator core.

[0011] In one possible implementation, there are multiple axial oil passages, which are evenly arranged along the circumferential direction, and the axial oil passages are positioned opposite to and connected to the tooth grooves.

[0012] In the scheme shown in this application, the axial oil passages and tooth slots are positioned opposite each other and connected, so that the cooling oil can flow into each tooth slot to dissipate heat for the stator windings arranged in each tooth slot, thereby enhancing the heat dissipation effect of the stator.

[0013] In one possible implementation, the radial oil passage is an oil passage along the radial direction of the stator core. The number of radial oil passages is one or more. If the number of radial oil passages is multiple, the multiple radial oil passages are evenly arranged along the circumferential direction, and each radial oil passage is connected to an axial oil passage.

[0014] In one possible implementation, the stator core includes a plurality of stator blades, which are fixed sequentially along the axial direction;

[0015] The plurality of stator blades includes a first stator blade, which is located between the stator blades at both ends of the axial direction and has an outer diameter smaller than that of the other stator blades. The distance between the outer surface of the first stator blade and the motor housing forms the radial oil passage.

[0016] The number of first stator blades can be one or more. If there are multiple first stator blades, they can be arranged together or dispersed.

[0017] In the scheme shown in this application, since the outer diameter of the first stator blade is smaller than the outer diameter of the other stator blades, after the stator is assembled in the motor housing, there is a gap between the first stator blade and the housing wall of the motor housing. This gap is connected to the oil inlet hole of the motor housing. Therefore, the gap between the first stator blade and the motor housing forms a radial oil passage.

[0018] If the number of first stator blades is one, or the number of first stator blades is multiple and these multiple first stator blades are arranged together, then the number of radial oil channels is one, and the radial oil channel is an annular chamber.

[0019] If there are multiple first stator blades, and these multiple first stator blades are distributed in a dispersed manner, then there are multiple radial oil passages. The distance between each first stator blade and the motor housing forms a radial oil passage.

[0020] In the solution shown in this application, the method of forming radial oil passages between the first stator blade with a small outer diameter and the motor housing is simpler and has lower manufacturing cost compared to forming radial oil passages by opening radial openings on the stator blade.

[0021] In one possible implementation, the first stator blade is arranged at the center of the plurality of stator blades or at a position close to the center.

[0022] In the scheme shown in this application, the first stator blades are arranged in the middle position. Then, the cooling oil flowing into the radial oil passage through the oil inlet can flow axially to the left and right ends of the radial oil passage, thereby enhancing the heat dissipation effect of the stator core.

[0023] In one possible implementation, all stator blades other than the first stator blade have openings extending through the thickness direction. The axial oil passage is formed by the openings of the plurality of stator blades. The openings of any two adjacent stator blades are connected. The opening of the second stator blade adjacent to the first stator blade is connected to the radial oil passage. The opening of the fourth stator blade among the plurality of stator blades is connected to the tooth groove of the fourth stator blade.

[0024] In the scheme shown in this application, the axial oil passage runs through both ends of the stator core. Since the stator core is composed of multiple stator blades arranged along the axial direction, the axial oil passage can be formed by openings provided on each stator blade. These openings are located at the chuck of the stator blade and extend through the thickness of the stator blade.

[0025] Because the axial oil passage is connected to the radial oil passage, the opening of the second stator blade next to the first stator blade is connected to the distance between the first stator blade and the motor housing. That is, the lower edge of the opening of the second stator blade is closer to the axial center line of the stator core than the edge of the first stator blade. The lower edge of the opening is also the edge close to the axial center line of the stator core.

[0026] Because the axial oil passage is connected to the tooth groove, a certain stator blade is referred to as the opening of the fourth stator blade, which is connected to the tooth groove of that stator blade, i.e., the fourth stator blade.

[0027] Since the axial oil passage is formed by the openings of multiple stator blades, the openings of any two adjacent stator blades are connected. That is, among the stator blades with openings, the openings of any two adjacent stator blades are connected.

[0028] In one possible implementation, the number of fourth stator blades is two, which are respectively arranged on the outermost side of the plurality of stator blades.

[0029] In the scheme shown in this application, the two fourth stator blades are located at the two outermost ends. To ensure that the openings of any two adjacent stator blades are connected, the distance between the axial centerline of the openings of the multiple stator blades and the axial centerline of the stator gradually decreases from the second stator blade to the fourth stator blade. That is, the openings of the multiple stator blades are staggered. Therefore, the impact force of the cooling oil flowing in the axial oil channels on the stator core increases, thereby enhancing the cooling effect on the stator core.

[0030] In one possible implementation, the slot width of the tooth is greater than the line width of the stator winding, and an in-slot oil passage is formed between the slot wall and the stator winding.

[0031] In the scheme shown in this application, the line width of the stator winding is smaller than the slot width of the tooth groove. After the stator winding is arranged in the tooth groove, there is a gap between the conductor of the stator winding and the slot wall. This gap forms an oil channel in the slot. In this way, the contact area between the cooling oil and the stator winding is increased as the cooling oil flows in the tooth groove, thereby improving the cooling effect on the stator winding.

[0032] In one possible implementation, the first and second groove walls, which are positioned opposite each other, each have multiple slots and multiple protrusions. The multiple slots and multiple protrusions are distributed alternately along the groove depth direction, and the slots of the first groove wall are opposite to the protrusions of the second groove wall.

[0033] The toothed slots contain multiple turns of the stator winding wires, and each turn of wire is inserted into a slot.

[0034] In the scheme shown in this application, multiple turns of stator winding wire are arranged in the tooth groove, and each turn of wire is inserted into a slot, so that an oil channel is formed between each turn of wire and the protrusion.

[0035] The coolant flowing into the tooth grooves flows in an S-shape, which increases the contact area between the coolant and the conductors in the tooth grooves, and also enhances the impact force of the coolant on the conductors, thereby enhancing the cooling effect of the stator windings.

[0036] In one possible implementation, the stator further includes a first oil guide ring and a second oil guide ring, the first oil guide ring being located at a first end of the stator axial direction and the second oil guide ring being located at a second end of the stator axial direction, both the first oil guide ring and the second oil guide ring having nozzles.

[0037] In the scheme shown in this application, the fourth stator blade is located at the outermost end. Then, part of the cooling oil flowing to the opening of the fourth stator blade enters the tooth groove of the fourth stator blade, and the other part is sprayed out through the nozzle of the oil guide ring. The sprayed cooling oil further dissipates heat for the part of the stator winding that extends out of the tooth groove.

[0038] As can be seen, the oil channels of the stator in this embodiment can dissipate heat for both the portion of the stator winding that extends into the tooth slot and the portion of the stator winding that extends out of the tooth slot.

[0039] In a second aspect, an electric motor is provided, the electric motor comprising an electric motor housing, a rotor and a stator as described in the first aspect, the stator being fixed in the electric motor housing and the radial oil passage of the stator communicating with the oil inlet of the electric motor housing, the rotor being rotatably located in the inner ring of the stator, or the rotor being rotatably sleeved outside the stator.

[0040] Thirdly, a powertrain is provided, the powertrain including a gearbox and the motor described in the second aspect, the gearbox and the motor being connected via a drive shaft.

[0041] Fourthly, a vehicle is provided, the vehicle comprising the powertrain described in the third aspect. Attached Figure Description

[0042] Figure 1 is a schematic radial cross-section of a stator provided in an exemplary embodiment of this application;

[0043] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the radial cross-section of a stator core provided in an exemplary embodiment of this application, and also a schematic diagram of a single stator blade of the stator core;

[0044] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the axial section shown by AA in Figure 1;

[0045] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a plurality of stator blades provided in an exemplary embodiment of this application;

[0046] Figure 5 is another schematic diagram of the axial section shown by AA in Figure 1;

[0047] Figure 6 is a partial schematic diagram of the radial cross-section of a stator provided in an exemplary embodiment of this application.

[0048] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Stator core; 2. Stator winding; 21. Conductor; 3. First oil guide ring; 4. Second oil guide ring; 11. Tooth groove; 12. Radial oil passage; 13. Axial oil passage; 14. Stator blade; 15. Tooth section; 16. Hook section; 14a. First stator blade; 14b. Second stator blade; 14c. Third stator blade; 14d. Fourth stator blade; 111. Slot; 112. Protrusion; 141. Opening; 100. Motor housing; 101. Oil inlet; 200. Rotor; 300. Stator. Detailed Implementation

[0049] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the embodiments of this application will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0050] This embodiment relates to a stator of an electric motor, which can be either an electric motor or a generator. This embodiment does not specifically limit the type of electric motor.

[0051] Because an electric motor is an electromagnetic device that converts or transmits electrical energy based on the law of electromagnetic induction, its structure mainly consists of a stator and a rotor. The stator is stationary relative to the motor housing, while the rotor rotates relative to the motor housing. The stator includes a stator core and stator windings, which are wound around the stator core and are energized.

[0052] When an electric motor is operating, the stator generates heat. Currently, oil cooling is commonly used to dissipate heat from the stator. Oil channels are provided on the stator core; for example, the stator core has axial oil channels along the axial direction, which are connected to the oil inlet on the motor housing. In this way, the cooling oil entering through the oil inlet flows along the axial oil channels and finally circulates through oil pipes to the oil reservoir. The cooling oil carries away the heat from the stator core during its flow, thus achieving the purpose of cooling the stator core.

[0053] However, current solutions for stator cooling mainly focus on cooling the stator core, and cannot cool the stator windings wound around the stator core, resulting in unsatisfactory cooling performance.

[0054] Therefore, this embodiment provides a stator in which the oil channels inside the stator can dissipate heat for both the stator core and the stator windings, thereby enhancing the heat dissipation effect of the stator.

[0055] Figure 1 shows a cross-sectional view of the stator; Figure 2 shows a cross-sectional view of the stator core, specifically a cross-section cut radially; and Figure 3 shows an axial cross-section of the stator, specifically a cross-section cut along the AA axis as shown in Figure 1. The rotor is not shown in Figure 1, but is shown in Figure 3.

[0056] Referring to Figure 1, the stator includes a stator core 1 and a stator winding 2. Referring to Figure 2, the stator core 1 has multiple slots 11, which are evenly arranged along the circumferential direction. If the stator is fitted outside the rotor (i.e., the rotor is the inner rotor), then the slots 11 are located on the inner surface of the stator core 1. If the rotor is fitted outside the stator (i.e., the rotor is the outer rotor), then the slots 11 are located on the outer surface of the stator core 1. For ease of explanation, Figure 2 shows an example where the slots 11 are located on the inner surface of the stator core 1.

[0057] Among them, the tooth groove 11 is also called the stator groove. Referring to Figure 2, the part between two adjacent tooth grooves 11 is called the tooth portion 15, and the part between the bottom of the tooth groove 11 and the outer surface of the stator core 1 is called the choke portion 16 (if the tooth groove 11 is located on the outer surface of the stator core 1, the part between the bottom of the tooth groove 11 and the inner surface of the stator core 1 is called the choke portion 16).

[0058] In one example, the stator core 1 also has radial oil passages 12 and multiple axial oil passages 13. The multiple axial oil passages 13 are arranged along the circumferential direction, and each axial oil passage 13 communicates with the radial oil passage 12 and also communicates with a toothed slot 11. The radial oil passages 12 are used to communicate with the oil inlet holes 101 on the motor housing 100 of the motor. In this way, the cooling oil entering from the oil inlet holes 101 first enters the radial oil passages 12, then flows into each of the axial oil passages 13, and then enters each of the toothed slots 11 through the axial oil passages 13.

[0059] The axial oil passage 13 is arranged on the yoke 16 of the stator core 1, and the axial oil passage 13 is distributed along the axial direction of the stator core 1, and its two ends stop at the two ends of the axial direction of the stator core 1. That is, the axial oil passage 13 penetrates the stator core 1 along the axial direction of the stator core 1.

[0060] Therefore, the cooling oil enters through the radial oil passage 12 and flows through the axial oil passage 13 to dissipate heat from the stator core 1. It then flows into the toothed slot 11 through the axial oil passage 13 and flows through the toothed slot 11 to dissipate heat from the stator winding 2 arranged in the toothed slot 11. This scheme, which dissipates heat from both the stator core 1 and the stator winding 2, can enhance the heat dissipation effect of the stator.

[0061] As shown in Figure 3, the stator core 1 is generally formed by fixing multiple stator blades 14 sequentially along the axial direction. The stator blades 14 are stamped from silicon steel sheets, hence they are also called stator laminations. It should be noted that 14a, 14b, 14c, and 14d in Figure 3 all represent stator blades. Due to different arrangement positions, different reference numerals are used. Figure 3 only uses four stator blades 14 as an example (denoted as the first stator blade 14a, the second stator blade 14b, the third stator blade 14c, and the fourth stator blade 14d, respectively), although the actual number of stator blades 14 is likely to be more. A schematic diagram of a single stator blade 14 can be found in Figures 3 and 4. Figure 4 shows three of the multiple stator blades: Figure 4(a) shows a schematic diagram of the first stator blade 14a, Figure 4(b) shows a schematic diagram of the second stator blade 14b, and Figure 4(c) shows a schematic diagram of the fourth stator blade 14d.

[0062] Regarding the formation of the radial oil passage 12, one approach is as shown in Figure 3, where a plurality of stator blades 14 include a first stator blade 14a located between the stator blades 14 at both axial ends, and having an outer diameter smaller than the outer diameters of the other stator blades 14. Figure 4 shows the first stator blade 14a and a second stator blade 14b adjacent to the first stator blade 14a. After the stator is installed in the motor housing 100, a gap w exists between the first stator blade 14a and the motor housing 100, and this gap w forms the radial oil passage 12.

[0063] To enable the radial oil passage 12 to connect with the oil inlet 101 on the motor housing 100, one approach is to position the first stator blade 14a opposite to the oil inlet 101. Another approach is to position the first stator blade 14a differently from the oil inlet 101, but with other stator blades 14 (excluding the first stator blade 14a) also having a gap between them and the motor housing 100. In this way, the oil inlet 101 and the radial oil passage 12 can still connect.

[0064] The way the radial oil passage 12 is formed, as shown in Figure 3, is actually a cavity formed by the radial edge of the first stator blade 14a, the two second stator blades 14b adjacent to the first stator blade 14a, and the motor housing 100.

[0065] In this way of forming radial oil passages 12, the number of radial oil passages 12 can be considered as one. After the stator is installed in the motor housing 100, as shown in Figures 3 and 4, the radial oil passage 12 is an annular cavity.

[0066] Another way to form the radial oil passage 12 is as shown in Figure 5, which is also a schematic diagram of the axial section of the stator, specifically a schematic diagram of the section cut along the AA axis as shown in Figure 1. Referring to Figure 5, all the stator blades 14 have the same outer diameter, that is, the outer diameter of the first stator blade 14a is also the same as the outer diameter of the other stator blades 14. Each stator blade 14 has an opening extending through its thickness direction, and one radial sidewall of the opening of the first stator blade 14a has a radial through hole, which serves as the radial oil passage 12.

[0067] To connect the radial oil passage 12 with the oil inlet 101 on the motor housing 100, one method is, as shown in Figure 5, to have the position of the first stator blade 14a opposite to the position of the oil inlet 101, that is, the radial through-hole oil inlet 101 of the first stator blade 14a is opposite to the position of the oil inlet 101. Another method is that the position of the first stator blade 14a is not opposite to the position of the oil inlet 101, but there is also a gap between the other stator blades 14 and the motor housing 100, so that the oil inlet 101 and the radial oil passage 12 can also be connected.

[0068] The method of forming the radial oil passage 12, as shown in FIG5, is actually a radial through hole provided on the chuck portion 16 of the first stator blade 14a. The radial through hole starts from the radial edge of the first stator blade 14a and ends at the opening of the first stator blade 14a through its thickness direction.

[0069] Referring to Figure 5, the radial oil passages 12 are formed in a manner in which multiple radial oil passages 12 are arranged along the circumferential direction.

[0070] It should be noted that, regardless of the method by which the radial oil passage 12 is formed, the number of first stator blades 14a can be one or more. For ease of explanation, the number of first stator blades 14a in the figure is taken as an example.

[0071] Regarding the formation of the axial oil passage 13: The stator blade 14 has an opening 141 extending through the thickness direction. If the radial oil passage 12 is formed due to the smaller outer diameter of the first stator blade 14a and the spacing between the first stator blade 14a and the motor housing 100, then, referring to FIG. 3, the first stator blade 14a does not have an opening 141 extending through the thickness direction, and each stator blade 14 except the first stator blade 14a has an opening 141 extending through the thickness direction. However, if the radial oil passage 12 is formed by a radial through-hole in the first stator blade 14a, then, referring to FIG. 5, all stator blades 14 have an opening 141 extending through the thickness direction.

[0072] Among them, multiple stator blades 14 are arranged axially. Referring to Figures 3 and 5, the openings 141 of any two adjacent stator blades 14 are connected. In this way, all the openings 141 are arranged axially to form an axial oil passage 13.

[0073] To ensure that all openings 141 form axial oil passages 13, one approach is to have the axial centerlines of all openings 141 be equidistant from the axial centerline of the stator. Another approach, referring to Figures 3 and 5, is to have the axial centerlines of the openings 141 gradually approach the axial centerline of the stator from the second stator blade 14b to the fourth stator blade 14d. Here, the second stator blade 14b is adjacent to the first stator blade 14a, and the fourth stator blade 14d is located at the end of the stator. Referring to Figures 3 and 4, the multiple openings 141 are staggered axially, with the opening 141 of the fourth stator blade 14d at the end being closest to the axial centerline of the stator.

[0074] To connect the radial oil passage 12 and the axial oil passage 13: If the radial oil passage 12 is formed by a spacing w as shown in FIG. 3, then the opening 141 of the second stator blade 14b adjacent to the first stator blade 14a is connected to the spacing w between the first stator blade 14a and the motor housing 100. If the radial oil passage 12 is formed by a radial through hole as shown in FIG. 5, then the opening 141 of the first stator blade 14a is connected to the opening 141 of the second stator blade 14b adjacent to the first stator blade 14a.

[0075] In order to connect the axial oil passage 13 and the tooth groove 11, as shown in Figure 4(c), the opening 141 of the fourth stator blade 14d among the plurality of stator blades 14 is connected to the tooth groove 11 of the fourth stator blade 14d.

[0076] The fourth stator blade 14d can be any one or more of the multiple stator blades 14.

[0077] For example, the fourth stator blade 14d can be the first stator blade 14a. If the fourth stator blade 14d and the first stator blade 14a are the same stator blade, referring to Figure 5, the first stator blade 14a has an opening 141, and the opening 141 of the first stator blade 14a communicates with the tooth groove 11 of the first stator blade 14a. Referring to Figure 3, the first stator blade 14a has no opening, and the distance w between the first stator blade 14a and the motor housing 100 communicates with the tooth groove 11 of the first stator blade 14a.

[0078] The fourth stator blade 14d can also be any one or more stator blades other than the first stator blade 14a. For example, the fourth stator blade 14d is a stator blade located at the end, as shown in Figure 4 and with reference to Figure 3, where the first end of the stator axis is a fourth stator blade 14d and the second end is another fourth stator blade 14d.

[0079] The fourth stator blade 14d is arranged at the outermost end, which allows the cooling oil to flow continuously to the end of the stator core 1. The cooling oil has a longer flow path in the stator core 1, which can better dissipate heat for the stator core 1.

[0080] As described above, the first stator blade 14a is any one or more stator blades other than the stator blades at both ends. Therefore, referring to Figures 3 and 5, the first stator blade 14a can be a stator blade arranged in the middle position or a stator blade arranged near the middle position.

[0081] Taking the number of first stator blades 14a as an example. As shown in Figure 3, if the number of stator blades 14 is odd, then the first stator blades 14a are arranged in the center, and the number of stator blades to the left of the first stator blades 14a is equal to the number of stator blades to the right. Alternatively, if the number of stator blades 14 is even, then the first stator blades 14a are arranged near the center, and the number of stator blades to the left of the first stator blades 14a differs from the number of stator blades to the right by one.

[0082] Referring to Figures 3 and 5, the first stator blade 14a is arranged in the middle position, and the two fourth stator blades 14b are arranged at both ends. The distance between the axial center line of the multiple openings 141 and the axial center line of the stator gradually decreases from the second stator blade 14b to the fourth stator blade 14d, and two adjacent openings 141 are connected.

[0083] Thus, referring to Figures 3 and 5, the coolant entering through the oil inlet 101 of the motor housing 100 flows gradually along the radial oil passage 12 and the axial oil passage 13 towards the opening 141 of the fourth stator blade 14d. Through the opening 141, it enters the tooth groove 11 of the fourth stator blade 14d. Since all the tooth grooves 11 of the stator blades 14 are interconnected, once the coolant enters a tooth groove 11, it can flow through all the tooth grooves 11. The double-lined arrows in Figures 3 and 5 indicate the direction of coolant flow.

[0084] Referring to Figure 3, the staggered arrangement of multiple openings 141 allows the cooling oil to flow turbulently in the axial oil passage, increasing the impact force of the cooling oil on the stator core 1, thereby bringing a stronger cooling effect.

[0085] Referring to Figure 3, since multiple openings 141 are arranged in a staggered manner, that is, multiple openings 141 are arranged at different positions of the yoke 16 of the stator core 1, different positions of the yoke 16 can be cooled, which also enhances the cooling effect of the stator core 1.

[0086] Regarding the number of axial oil passages 13: As mentioned above, the axial oil passages 13 are formed by openings 141 on multiple stator blades 14 extending through the thickness direction. That is, multiple openings 141 are sequentially spliced ​​together in the axial direction to form the axial oil passages 13. Referring to Figures 4(b) and (c), each opening 141 on a single stator blade 14 corresponds to one axial oil passage 13. Since the axial oil passages 13 are connected to the tooth grooves 11 via the openings 141, referring to Figures 4(b) and (c), each axial oil passage 13 is located at the yoke 16 of the stator core 1 and at the position corresponding to the tooth groove 11; that is, each axial oil passage 13 is located at the bottom of the tooth groove 11.

[0087] Therefore, the number of axial oil passages 13 can be less than or equal to the number of tooth grooves 11. For example, each tooth groove 11 corresponds to one axial oil passage 13, or a portion of tooth grooves 11 have corresponding axial oil passages 13, such as arranging one axial oil passage 13 every other tooth groove 11.

[0088] Since the number of axial oil passages 13 is the same as the number of openings on a single stator blade, for a single stator blade 14, the number of openings on it is less than or equal to the number of tooth grooves 11 on it, and each opening is located at the bottom of a tooth groove.

[0089] In this embodiment, the number of axial oil passages 13 is not limited, and the accompanying drawings use the example where the number of axial oil passages 13 is equal to the number of tooth grooves 11.

[0090] In one example, referring to Figures 3 and 5, the stator may further include a first oil guide ring 3 and a second oil guide ring 4. The first oil guide ring 3 is located at a first end in the stator axial direction, and the second oil guide ring 4 is located at a second end in the stator axial direction. Both the first oil guide ring 3 and the second oil guide ring 4 have nozzles. Continuing to refer to Figures 3 and 5, the fourth stator blade 14d is located at the outermost end. A portion of the cooling oil flowing to the opening 141 of the fourth stator blade 14d enters the tooth groove 11 of the fourth stator blade 14d, while the other portion is ejected through the nozzles of the oil guide rings. The ejected cooling oil further dissipates heat from the portion of the stator winding 2 extending outside the tooth groove 11.

[0091] As can be seen, the oil passages of the stator in this embodiment can dissipate heat for both the portion of the stator winding 2 that extends into the tooth groove 11 and the portion of the stator winding 2 that extends out of the tooth groove 11.

[0092] In one example, in order to allow the cooling oil entering the tooth groove 11 to flow well in the tooth groove 11, as shown in Figure 6, which is a partial schematic diagram of the cross-section of the stator, specifically a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram cut along the radial direction, the groove width of the tooth groove 11 is greater than the line width of the stator winding 2, and an oil passage is formed between the groove wall of the tooth groove 11 and the stator winding 2.

[0093] Referring again to Figure 6, the first and second groove walls of the toothed groove 11, which are positioned opposite each other, each have multiple slots 111 and multiple protrusions 112. These slots 111 and protrusions 112 are alternately distributed along the groove depth direction, with the slots 111 of the first groove wall and the protrusions 112 of the second groove wall positioned opposite each other. Referring again to Figure 6, multiple turns of stator winding 21 are arranged in the toothed groove 11. Each turn of winding 21 is inserted into a slot 111, thus forming an oil passage within the groove between each turn of winding 21 and the protrusion 112.

[0094] Referring to Figure 6, the coolant flowing into the tooth groove 11 flows in an S-shape within the tooth groove 11, increasing the contact area between the coolant and the conductor 21 within the tooth groove 11, and also enhancing the impact force of the coolant on the conductor 21, thereby enhancing the cooling effect of the stator winding 2.

[0095] Based on the above, referring to Figure 3, after the cooling oil enters the radial oil passage 12 through the oil inlet 101 of the motor housing 100, since the radial oil passage 12 is connected to the axial oil passage 13, the cooling oil enters the axial oil passage 13 and flows in the axial oil passage to dissipate heat for the stator core 1.

[0096] Because the radial oil passage 12 is located in the middle of the axial direction of the stator core 1, and the axial oil passage 13 is connected to the tooth groove 11 at the axial end of the stator core 1, the cooling oil enters from the middle of the stator core 1 and flows to the left and right ends along the axial direction. The flow path of the coolant on the stator core 1 is relatively long, which further enhances the cooling effect on the stator core.

[0097] Since the axial oil passage 13 is formed by the staggered arrangement of multiple stator blade openings, the coolant flowing in the axial oil passage 13 will impact the stator core 1, further enhancing the cooling effect on the stator core 1. Moreover, the multiple openings are arranged at different heights along the radial direction, allowing the coolant to cool different positions of the stator core in the radial direction, further enhancing the cooling effect on the stator core.

[0098] Since the axial oil passage 13 is connected to the tooth groove 11, the coolant can also enter the tooth groove 11 through the axial oil passage 13 to dissipate heat for the stator winding 2 in the tooth groove 11.

[0099] Furthermore, since the connection between the axial oil passage 13 and the tooth groove 11 is located at the axial end of the stator core 1, and an oil guide ring is installed at the end of the stator with a nozzle, the coolant flowing to the end is sprayed out through the nozzle, and the sprayed coolant enters the part of the stator winding 2 that extends out of the tooth groove 11 to dissipate heat for the part of the stator winding that extends out of the tooth groove 11.

[0100] In this embodiment, the radial oil passage of the stator core is connected to the axial oil passage, and the axial oil passage is connected to the tooth groove. The radial oil passage is used to connect to the oil inlet of the motor housing. Therefore, the coolant entering the radial oil passage through the oil inlet can flow in the axial oil passage to dissipate heat for the stator core, and can also flow in the tooth groove to dissipate heat for the stator winding in the tooth groove, thereby enhancing the heat dissipation effect of the stator.

[0101] This embodiment also provides a motor, which can be either an electric motor or a generator. Referring to Figure 3, the motor includes a motor housing 100, a rotor 200, and the aforementioned stator 300. The stator 300 is fixed in the motor housing 100, and the radial oil passage 12 of the stator 300 is connected to the oil inlet 101 of the motor housing 100. The rotor 200 is rotatably located in the inner ring of the stator 300, or the rotor 200 is rotatably sleeved on the outside of the stator 300.

[0102] This embodiment also provides a powertrain, which includes a gearbox and the aforementioned motor, with the gearbox and motor connected via a drive shaft. The motor is an electric motor, the gearbox is connected to the motor via the drive shaft, and the gearbox is connected to the wheels, thereby driving the wheels.

[0103] This embodiment also provides a power generation assembly, which includes an engine and the aforementioned motor, with the engine and motor being connected in a drive connection. The motor is a generator, and the engine drives the motor to generate electricity.

[0104] This embodiment also provides an automobile that includes the powertrain described above, and / or the power generation system described above.

[0105] The terminology used in the embodiments section of this application is for explaining the embodiments of this application only and is not intended to limit this application. Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in the embodiments of this application should have the ordinary meaning understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains. The terms "first," "second," and similar terms used in this application specification and claims do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. Similarly, the terms "a" or "one," etc., do not indicate a quantity limitation, but indicate the presence of at least one. The terms "comprising," "including," etc., mean that the elements or objects preceding "comprising" or "including" cover the elements or objects listed after "comprising" or "including" and their equivalents, and do not exclude other elements or objects. "Above," "below," "left," "right," etc., are only used to indicate relative positional relationships, and the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly when the absolute position of the described object changes. "A plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise expressly defined.

[0106] The above description is merely an optional embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A stator characterized by, The stator is provided with a stator core (1) and a stator winding (2), the stator core (1) is provided with a plurality of tooth slots (11), a radial oil channel (12) and a plurality of axial oil channels (13); The plurality of tooth slots (11) are distributed along a circumferential direction, each axial oil channel (13) is communicated with one tooth slot (11) and the radial oil channel (12); The stator winding (2) is located in the plurality of tooth slots (11), and the radial oil channel (12) is communicated with an oil inlet hole (101) on a motor shell (100) of the motor.

2. The stator of claim 1, wherein The stator core (1) comprises a plurality of stator blades (14) which are sequentially fixed along an axial direction; The plurality of stator blades (14) comprises a first stator blade (14a) which is located between the stator blades (14) at both axial ends and has an outer diameter smaller than that of the other stator blades (14), and a spacing w between an outer surface of the first stator blade (14a) and the motor shell (100) forms the radial oil channel (12).

3. A stator according to claim 2, characterised in that The first stator blade (14a) is arranged at a position closest to the middle of the plurality of stator blades or at a position close to the middle.

4. A stator according to claim 2 or 3, characterised in that The stator blades (14) other than the first stator blade (14a) are each provided with an opening (141) penetrating a thickness direction, the axial oil channel (13) is formed by the openings (141) of the plurality of stator blades (14), the openings (141) of any two adjacent stator blades (14) are communicated, the opening (141) of a second stator blade (14b) adjacent to the first stator blade (14a) is communicated with the radial oil channel (12), and the opening (141) of a fourth stator blade (14d) in the plurality of stator blades (14) is communicated with the tooth slot (11) of the fourth stator blade (14d).

5. A stator according to claim 4, characterised in that The number of the fourth stator blades (14d) is two, and the fourth stator blades (14d) are arranged at outermost positions of the plurality of stator blades (14).

6. The stator of claim 5, wherein Distances between axial center lines of the plurality of openings (141) and an axial center line of the stator gradually decrease from the second stator blade (14b) to the fourth stator blade (14d).

7. A stator according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that A slot width of the tooth slot (11) is greater than a wire width of the stator winding (2), and an inner slot oil channel is formed between a slot wall of the tooth slot (11) and the stator winding (2).

8. The stator of claim 7, wherein The first slot wall and the second slot wall opposite to each other are each provided with a plurality of clamping grooves (111) and a plurality of protrusions (112), the plurality of clamping grooves (111) and the plurality of protrusions (112) are alternately and sequentially distributed along a slot depth direction, and the clamping groove (111) of the first slot wall is opposite to the protrusion (112) of the second slot wall; The tooth slot (11) is provided with a plurality of turns of the wire (21) of the stator winding (2), and each turn of the wire (21) is clamped into one clamping groove (111).

9. A stator according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterised in that The stator further comprises a first oil guide ring (3) and a second oil guide ring (4), the first oil guide ring (3) is located at the first end of the stator in the axial direction, the second oil guide ring (4) is located at the second end of the stator in the axial direction, and the first oil guide ring (3) and the second oil guide ring (4) both have a nozzle.

10. An electric machine characterized by The motor comprises a motor shell (100), a rotor (200) and the stator (300) of any one of claims 1 to 9, the stator (300) is fixed in the motor shell (100), the radial oil channel (12) of the stator (300) and the oil inlet hole (101) of the motor shell (100) are communicated, and the rotor (200) is rotatably located in the inner ring of the stator (300), or the rotor (200) is rotatably sleeved outside the stator (300).

11. A powertrain, characterized by, The power assembly comprises a gearbox and the motor of claim 10, and the gearbox and the motor are connected through a transmission shaft.

12. An automobile characterized by comprising: The automobile comprises the power assembly of claim 11.

Images