Sealing arrangement against a liquid for sealing a liquid barrier device, liquid barrier device, method for sealing a liquid barrier device and use of a sealing arrangement

Abstract

The invention relates to a sealing arrangement against a liquid for sealing a liquid barrier device, wherein the sealing arrangement comprises a carrier layer, a top side, a bottom side, an inflow side that can be aligned with the liquid, and an opposite rear side, wherein the top side can be connected on a bottom side of the liquid barrier device at least in part such that the sealing arrangement can be arranged between a bottom side of the liquid barrier device and a substrate, and fibres are connected on the carrier layer, wherein the fibres are exposed at least in part and have a diameter of less than 3.0 mm, such that, when the sealing arrangement is arranged on the bottom side of the liquid barrier device and the liquid flows against the inflow side, particles entrained by the liquid are retained by the fibres and thus at least partial sealing is created between the bottom side of the liquid barrier device and the substrate. The invention further relates to a liquid barrier device for keeping back and / or conducting away liquid, a method for sealing a liquid barrier device, and the use of a sealing arrangement.

Description

[0001] Sealing device against a liquid for sealing a liquid barrier device, liquid barrier device, method for sealing a liquid barrier device and use of a sealing device

[0002]

[0001] The invention relates to a sealing device against a liquid for sealing a liquid barrier device, wherein the sealing device has a carrier layer, a top, a bottom, a downstream side oriented towards the liquid, and an opposite back, wherein the top is at least partially connectable to a bottom of the liquid barrier device, so that the sealing device can be arranged between a bottom of the liquid barrier device and a substrate. Furthermore, the invention relates to a liquid barrier device for containing and / or diverting a liquid, a method for sealing a liquid barrier device against a liquid, and the use of a sealing device.

[0003]

[0002] Due to climate change, rising sea levels and / or heavy rainfall events, local flooding is to be expected more frequently in many places. Likewise, local flooding can occur due to firefighting water runoff or burst water-carrying pipelines. Rising sea levels also necessitate further requirements for the watertightness of dikes, flood protection and / or flood control systems.

[0004]

[0003] In addition to permanently installed protective systems, mobile protective systems that can be installed on-site are known, which must be sealed against the substrate. For protective systems made of solid material, it is known, for example, to attach a conventional seal, such as a soft foam rubber seal and / or an elastomer seal, to their underside to improve the seal against the substrate. With known elastomer seals, it is only possible to achieve seals on rigid bodies that transmit a certain contact pressure.

[0005]

[0004] A disadvantage of known seals is that they require a certain amount of pressure so that the more or less elastic sealing material can compress against elevations in the subsoil and sink into valleys. Consequently, depending on the applied pressure, the seal width, and the Shore hardness, a seal against the uneven subsoil is created on site. However, a disadvantage here is that with larger irregularities in the ground, such as deviations of 1 to 2 cm, and / or a simultaneously lower overburden, it is not possible with known elastic seals to compress them into the valleys to create a seal against the uneven subsoil.

[0006]

[0005] The object of the invention is to improve the prior art.

[0006] This object is achieved by a sealing device against a liquid for sealing a liquid barrier device, wherein the sealing device has a carrier layer, a top, a bottom, a downstream side oriented to the liquid, and an opposite back, wherein the top is at least partially connectable to a bottom of the liquid barrier device, so that the sealing device can be arranged between a bottom of the liquid barrier device and a substrate, wherein fibers are attached to the carrier layer, wherein the fibers are at least partially exposed and have a diameter of < 3.0 mm.so that, when the sealing device is arranged on the underside of the liquid barrier device and when the liquid flows against the upstream side, particles carried along with the liquid are retained by the fibers, and thereby at least a partial seal is formed between the underside and the liquid barrier device and the substrate.

[0007]

[0007] Thus, a sealing device is provided by means of which a seal to and a seal against the substrate is dynamically created due to the at least partially exposed thin and long fibers. It is particularly advantageous that this dynamic sealing device, due to the at least partial mobility of the fibers when flowing with the liquid and the retention of particles carried along with the liquid by means of the fibers, can be used directly during a first use of the sealing device and the

[0008] The liquid barrier device forms itself on-site and reliably provides a seal even on uneven terrain. Therefore, the sealing device does not need to be tested for leaks on-site before its first use; the seal forms automatically during its initial deployment. Consequently, time can be saved in the event of flooding and / or inundation.

[0009] The liquid barrier device with the sealing device can be immediately installed and used without a leak test.

[0010]

[0008] The thin, long fibers attached to the carrier layer of the sealing device lie and / or hang in a free space between the underside of the liquid barrier device and the substrate without any pressure. If a liquid now flows onto the upstream side of the sealing device, oriented towards the liquid, the liquid enters the free space and flows around the fibers, initially only being slightly slowed down. Thus, a complete seal is not initially present. In the case of a liquid of natural origin and / or in a natural environment, the liquid typically contains particles of varying sizes. For example, in the case of a flood, the water flow usually carries various suspended solids of different sizes.These particles and / or suspended solids are dynamically retained by the fibers according to their particle size and / or density, so that both the sealing and the sealing against the substrate continuously increase until, ideally, a complete sealing and / or waterproofing is achieved. It is particularly advantageous that the fibers are at least initially partially exposed and mobile in free space, but at least partially interlock with each other, so that they are moved and aligned by the flowing liquid, at least partially, towards the back of the sealing device and thus towards a side of the liquid barrier to be protected. Due to the at least partial mobility of the fibers and their retention of entrained particles, the free fiber sections and / or the fibers laden with particles conform to irregularities in the substrate and fill valleys in the substrate.This ensures that even larger irregularities, such as deviations of up to 5 cm, especially in a range of 2 cm to 3 cm deviation from the level surface, are reliably filled, sealed and / or sealed.

[0011]

[0009] Thus, the initially at least partially exposed and movable fibers form a dynamic depth filter with which particles can be retained across the entire width and length of the sealing device and / or the length of the fibers from the upstream side towards the opposite back side. The fibers cross each other even before initial use and / or are spatially aligned, preferably in a confused manner, at the latest upon the onstream flow, and are therefore mutually intersecting, so that a depth filtration volume is formed. Because the fibers retain more and more particles with a longer onstream flow time, consequently reducing their at least partial mobility and fixing them in place, the fibers with the retained particles increasingly block the passage of the liquid towards the back side over time.Due to the narrowing of the flow channels caused by the increasing particle deposition via the fibers, a dynamically stronger seal against the substrate is formed, until ideally, the passage of the liquid through the sealing device is no longer possible due to blockage.

[0012]

[0010] In the event of a local flooding incident, such as water on a road or a meadow, it is generally perfectly sufficient in practice if the sealing of a water barrier device is partial or predominantly, but not complete. If an asset to be protected and / or an area must be completely protected against a liquid from the outset, the sealing device can be pre-treated, at least partially, with a particle-containing liquid, thus achieving an oily seal before the liquid barrier device with the pre-loaded sealing element is deployed on site to contain the liquid. For pre-loading a sealing device before its first use, natural particles such as kaolin and / or clay, or artificial particles, can be used, for example.Due to the flexible fiber structures, the sealing device can still be applied to an uneven surface and sealed even when at least partially pre-loaded.

[0013]

[0011] It is particularly advantageous that the sealing device can be used to seal not only rigid protective systems with their own weight and corresponding contact pressure, but also lighter protective systems or their components. Thus, even a flexible sealing membrane, which in practice can form folds along the sealing edge, especially in curved areas, can be sealed with the sealing device in a pressure-free sealing line. The sealing device is also suitable for sealing gaps that arise when two tarpaulin edges fold against each other. Here, it is advantageous that the fibers and especially the carrier layer have as little or no flexural stiffness as possible, which would otherwise further enlarge these folds.

[0014]

[0012] A key aspect of the invention is to provide a sealing device by means of a large number of long, thin fibers which, at least initially during a first use and at least partially along their fiber length, are exposed and freely movable but are crossed and / or intertwined with one another, so that when a liquid flows over them from a downstream side to an opposite back side of the sealing device, the fibers can be aligned, thereby adapting to the shape and / or a gap between an underside of the liquid barrier device and a substrate, and also being moved into valleys of the substrate.Under load, the fibers with the retained particles increasingly fill the entire cross-section of the free space and / or gap, so that a depth filter is dynamically formed in which more and more particles are retained and in which, due to the at least initial mobility of the fibers, a reliable sealing of elevations and valleys in the subsurface takes place, so that a sufficient and even complete sealing can be dynamically formed by means of the sealing device.

[0015]

[0013] The following terms shall be explained:

[0016]

[0014] A “sealing device” (also called a “fiber flow seal”) is, in particular, a device and / or construction that limits or completely prevents unwanted material transfer between two locations. The sealing device is, in particular during initial use, initial loading with particles, and / or initial operation, a dynamic seal in which the fibers can move at least partially along their respective lengths and / or relative to each other when water flows onto it. It is advantageous if the fibers are not all aligned in one direction, but also lie crisscrossed to support each other when water pressure is applied, and to form a filtration cross-section and a depth filtration volume.Excessively thick fibers, especially those that are heavily matted or become matted, are undesirable because they create an additional layer thickness that increases the gap between the liquid barrier and the ground, thus hindering sealing. The sealing device comprises at least one carrier layer and a multitude of bonded fibers. The upper surface of the sealing device and / or the carrier layer can be applied to and / or at least partially bonded to the underside of a liquid barrier. For example, the upper surface of the sealing device and / or the carrier layer can be bonded to the underside of the liquid barrier. This bonding can be achieved, in particular, by gluing or welding. The sealing device and / or the carrier layer is designed, in particular, as a planar element.Thus, the top and bottom surfaces of the sealing device and / or the carrier layer each have larger dimensions than the surrounding sides, and therefore larger than the upstream and back surfaces of the sealing device. The upstream and back surfaces of the sealing device, in particular, have a height dimension corresponding to the material thickness of the sealing device. A sealing edge of the sealing device can be located directly below the upstream surface or recessed from the upstream surface towards the back surface. If the sealing edge is not flush with the upstream surface but is at least slightly recessed towards the back surface, the fibers with their respective connection points can only begin in the area of ​​the recessed sealing edge.Thus, between the upstream side and the recessed sealing edge, there is an area of ​​the carrier layer that can be free of fibers. Due to a recessed sealing edge, and therefore a spatially shifted starting point of the fiber connections to the carrier layer towards the back side, particles can accumulate below or above the sealing device in an area between the upstream side and the recessed fiber connections. This causes the newly formed, recessed fibers to narrow the initially wide free space, resulting in additional surface filtration via the fiber connections that define the cross-section. This occurs before the fibers can move, at least partially, from the sealing edge and thus the connections, and form a depth filtration.After initial use, the sealing device can be reused with the previously used liquid barrier or attached to a different liquid barrier. In principle, the sealing device can also be washed and reused after the liquid barrier has been removed. With fixed liquid barriers, backflushing is also possible. During backflushing, applying a particle-free or at least low-particle liquid from the rear into the open space flushes the deposited particles out of the fibers, allowing them to exit the sealing device on the upstream side. This restores the sealing device to a condition where it is free of particles or at least only lightly loaded with particles, thus extending its service life.Furthermore, depending on their material, the fibers are subject to less aging processes from the outset compared to known conventional elastomer seals.

[0017]

[0015] A “carrier layer” (also called “carrier material”) is, in particular, a planar element that serves to give strength and / or stability to the sealing device. The carrier layer, in particular, supports the fibers. The fibers are, in particular, connected to the carrier layer by means of at least one connection point. The carrier layer can, in particular, be porous and / or have a smooth and / or closed surface. The carrier layer can, in particular, be water-permeable or water-impermeable. The carrier material can be a natural material and / or a synthetic material. The carrier material can, in particular, be plastic, metal, and / or a natural or chemical substance. The carrier material can, in particular, be a woven fabric, nonwoven fabric, foam, or otherwise.The carrier layer can also be a soft and / or flexible tarpaulin or film, in particular a sealing tarpaulin or film. The carrier material can also be a sealing membrane. The carrier material, as a planar element, has, in particular, opposing top and bottom surfaces, each of which has a significantly larger dimension than the thickness of the carrier layer. In the case of a water-permeable carrier layer, it preferably has the smallest possible thickness to avoid forming its own additional water-permeable layer. Especially when sealing soft and / or flexible protective systems, such as tarpaulin seals, the carrier layer has as little or no flexural stiffness as possible, which can be achieved by using a thin carrier layer.

[0018]

[0016] A “fiber” is, in particular, a linear, elementary structure. A fiber consists, in particular, of a fibrous material. The fiber can be a natural fiber, such as a naturally occurring biogenic and / or mineral fiber. Likewise, the fiber can be a synthetic fiber made of an organic or inorganic fibrous material. A fiber is, in particular, a thin, flexible structure relative to its length. The length-to-diameter ratio of the fiber is at least in the range of 3:1 to 10:1 or higher, preferably between 50:1 and 1000:1. The fiber can be straight or crimped along its length. The cross-section of the fiber can, in principle, have any shape, for example, circular, oval, triangular, square, rectangular, or polygonal. The fiber can be a plant fiber, such as cotton or coconut fiber.A potential advantage of plant fibers is their ability to swell, which further narrows the flow cross-section during use. The fiber can also be of animal origin, such as wool or animal hair. Chemical fibers can be made from natural and / or synthetic polymers, such as polyethylene, polyamide, and / or polyester. Alternatively, the fiber can be an inorganic material, such as a ceramic, quartz, glass, carbon, or metal fiber. Fibers can also be a blend. Preferably, the fiber does not dissolve in water and does not mat into thick tufts. In particular, the fiber should have the lowest possible bending stiffness. The carrier material bonded to the fibers could, for example, be long-pile plush.

[0019]

[0017] In addition to thin, long fibers, the sealing device and / or the carrier layer can also have short fibers. The short fibers can, for example, be connected to the carrier layer in a vertical and / or oblique orientation towards the upstream and / or downstream side. By means of these short fibers, the long, thin fibers can be spatially aligned and / or separated. This also prevents the long, thin fibers from becoming entangled. In particular, the short fibers each have a length that is shorter than the distance between the top of the carrier layer and the bottom of the liquid barrier device and / or between the bottom of the carrier layer and the substrate, so that the short fibers cannot transmit pressure to the liquid barrier device and / or the substrate. The distance between the carrier layer and the substrate should, in particular, be approximately zero, at least on the raised areas at the substrate.Therefore, the flexural stiffness of all fibers is preferably so low that they cannot support the carrier layer.

[0020]

[0018] The term “at least partially exposed” means, in particular, that the fiber is not firmly attached to the support material along its entire length, or that several fibers are not interwoven with one another, especially not along their entire length. At least a portion of the fiber's length can thus move freely in the space between the underside of the liquid barrier device and the substrate when the liquid flows over it.

[0021]

[0019] The fibers can, in principle, be connected to the carrier layer by any type of connection. Preferably, the fibers are permanently connected to the carrier layer. The connection can, in principle, be a form-fit, force-fit, and / or material-fit connection. In a material-fit connection, such as gluing or welding, the respective fiber and the carrier material are held together by atomic or molecular forces. A material-fit connection is, in particular, a permanent connection. In a force-fit connection, the respective fiber can be knotted and / or sewn to the carrier layer. For example, a fiber can also be passed through the material thickness of the carrier layer and prevented from slipping by a knot on both the top and bottom sides.

[0022]

[0020] A “liquid barrier device” (also called a “water barrier device”) is, in particular, any type of device suitable for containing and / or diverting water. The liquid barrier device can be a mobile, on-site assembled and / or mounted, or a permanently installed protective system. In the case of a mobile protective system, it can, for example, consist of hoses in a mesh casing covered with a sealing membrane, this sealing membrane resting on the ground and being sealed at the underside by the present sealing device. Likewise, the liquid barrier device can be a water barrier device made up of individual barrier units, each comprising a flat base element and a wall element, the wall elements being laterally connectable to one another, as described in German patent application 10 2004 109 988.As described in section 7, a liquid barrier device can, in principle, be any device used for protection against flooding and / or high water. For example, a liquid barrier device can be a mobile or permanently installed dike, flood control, and / or flood protection system. However, a liquid barrier device is not limited to containing and / or diverting water as a liquid. Liquid barrier devices can also be used in industry, for example, to protect against accidentally spilled acids or solvents. A liquid barrier device can also be a waterproof membrane and thus a relatively soft and / or flexible material. Likewise, a liquid barrier device can be made of a hard material such as plastic, wood, metal, and / or steel.

[0023]

[0021] In another embodiment of the sealing device, the fibers are arranged on a top and / or a bottom of the carrier layer.

[0024]

[0022] In the case that fibers are arranged and / or connected on the top side of the support layer, the top side of the support layer is preferably free of fibers at the point or points where it is connected to the underside of the liquid barrier device. In this case, the support layer of the sealing device is, in particular, partially connected to the underside of the liquid barrier device directly above the upstream side or on the top side near the upstream side.Preferably, the top side of the carrier layer is only partially connected to the bottom side of the liquid barrier device in the longitudinal direction of the liquid barrier device (and thus essentially transversely to the flow direction), so that, for example, through several openings along the upstream side between the top side of the carrier layer and the bottom side of the liquid barrier device, the liquid flows into the free space towards the back and thus the particles reach the fibers on the.

[0025] can carry the top of the carrier layer.

[0026]

[0023] In the case that the fibers are arranged only on the underside of the carrier layer, the top of the carrier layer can be connected to the underside of the liquid barrier device over a surface area.

[0027]

[0024] The arrangement of the fibers on the underside of the support layer has the advantage that the fibers, which are at least partially moving, can directly reach valleys in the subsoil as the flow approaches and retain the particles there. In contrast, if the fibers are arranged solely on the top side of the support layer, the increasing retention of particles by the fibers, due to their weight, will eventually push the support layer itself into the valleys of the subsoil.

[0028]

[0025] In order to selectively utilize a narrowing of the cross-section of the free space for particle retention, the fibers are each connected to the carrier layer at at least one connection point.

[0029]

[0026] Because the fibers are each connected to the carrier layer at at least one connection point, the fibers project into the free space at the respective connection point and locally narrow this space at the connection point. Further along their length, the respective fibers are then at least partially movable and preferably each has a free end, so that along the majority of their length, the fibers are freely movable when the liquid flows over them and can be laid against the substrate without any pressure. Therefore, the sealing device is advantageously independent of any contact pressure with regard to its sealing to and / or sealing against the substrate.

[0030]

[0027] In another embodiment of the sealing device, the fibers are connected to the carrier layer at two or more connection points along an inflow direction, so that filtration fiber bags can be formed between the connection points.

[0031]

[0028] Thus, the fibers can form bulged areas between the successive connection points in the direction of flow, and therefore in the direction from the upstream side to the back, in which particles are retained more readily. These areas essentially form a filtration fiber bag, which, due to its curved shape, can in turn fill valleys in the substrate.

[0032]

[0029] A “flow direction” is understood to be a direction in which the liquid flows towards the sealing device and / or the liquid barrier device. The flow direction is, in particular, a direction from the upstream side to the back. The liquid does not have to be perpendicular, but can also strike the upstream side at any angle.

[0033]

[0030] In order to selectively influence the sealing and / or the particle retention along the direction of flow, the at least one connection point and / or the connection points are arranged evenly and / or unevenly distributed on the top and / or the bottom.

[0034]

[0031] To achieve the largest possible sealing area and / or filtration volume in the direction from the upstream side to the downstream side, the at least one fiber connection points can be arranged distributed across the surface of the top and / or bottom of the support layer. The individual fiber connection points can be arranged uniformly or unevenly distributed across the surface of the top and / or bottom. Likewise, the fiber connection points can preferably first form a defined sealing edge and / or line near the upstream side and then be arranged in a distributed manner across the respective surface in the direction of the downstream side and / or in the longitudinal direction, with connection points arranged uniformly or unevenly.

[0035]

[0032] In order to specifically realize a defined sealing edge and additionally to utilize surface filtration, the at least one connection point or the first connection points of the fibers are preferably arranged flush in the longitudinal direction and / or parallel to the upstream side at an equal distance to the upstream side on the top and / or the bottom of the carrier layer.

[0036]

[0033] In another embodiment, the carrier layer is designed as a textile fiber material.

[0037]

[0034] In order to provide a sufficient width of the sealing device in the direction of flow, the carrier layer has a width in a range of 5.0 mm to 200.0 mm, in particular from 10.0 mm to 150.0 mm, preferably from 50.0 mm to 100.0 mm.

[0038]

[0035] In a further embodiment of the sealing device, the fibers each have a length in the range of 10.0 mm to 200.0 mm, in particular from 20.0 mm to 150.0 mm, preferably from 50.0 mm to 100.0 mm.

[0039]

[0036] Thus, the fibers have a sufficient length to penetrate valleys in the substrate when the liquid flows over them and to be aligned sufficiently towards the back of the sealing device. It should be noted that, in principle, the fibers can also have a greater length than the width of the carrier layer. Therefore, the fibers can also be aligned towards the back in an area of ​​the free space between the underside of the liquid barrier device and the substrate where there is no longer a carrier layer, and particles can no longer penetrate during prolonged operation of the sealing device because they are retained by the fibers beforehand.These free fiber sections, arranged further towards the rear, can form an additional usable depth filtration volume in the event of excessively high liquid pressure and / or particle breakthrough, even if the support layer is no longer positioned above and / or below these fiber sections during operation. The fibers can, in principle, have the same length and / or different lengths.

[0037] To achieve sufficient particle retention and / or to retain even very fine particles, the fibers each have a diameter in the range of 0.02 mm to 2.0 mm, in particular from 0.03 mm to 1.0 mm, preferably from 0.04 mm to 0.5 mm.

[0040]

[0038] The number of fibers bonded to the support layer depends in particular on the respective diameter of the fibers, the particle size to be separated, the volume to be provided for depth filtration, the expected or designed flow velocity and / or the flow pressure, and possibly other factors. In particular, a large number of fibers are bonded to the support layer. A large number is understood to mean more than fifty, at least several hundred, several thousand, several tens of thousands, and / or more than 1 million fibers. The support layer has, in particular, 1 to 100 fibers per mm². 2 surface of the carrier layer.

[0041]

[0039] In a further aspect of the invention, the problem is solved by a liquid barrier device for holding back and / or diverting a liquid, wherein the liquid barrier device can be arranged on a substrate and a previously described sealing device is arranged on an underside of the liquid barrier device.

[0042]

[0040] Thus, a liquid barrier device is provided which can be reliably sealed even on uneven surfaces by means of the sealing device. It is particularly advantageous that the sealing of the liquid barrier device and the sealing of the sealing device to the surface are not dependent on contact pressure and the elasticity of the sealing material, as is the case with a known conventional seal. In addition, it is advantageous that the liquid barrier device does not need to be checked for leaks before its first use, but rather, due to the dynamic sealing device, the seal is automatically established during initial operation by retaining the particles. Thus, the liquid barrier device can be set up and put into operation quickly and cost-effectively on site.

[0043]

[0041] In a further aspect of the invention, the problem is solved by a method for sealing a liquid barrier device against a liquid, comprising the following steps:

[0044] - Connecting a sealing device via a carrier layer of the sealing device to an underside of a liquid barrier device, wherein fibers are connected to the carrier layer, the fibers are at least partially exposed and have a diameter of < 3.0 mm,

[0045] - Arranging the liquid barrier device on a

[0046] subsoil,

[0047] - Flowing a liquid containing particles onto the liquid barrier device with the associated sealing device, and - retaining the particles by means of the fibers, so that at least a partial seal is created between the underside of the liquid barrier device and the substrate.

[0048]

[0042] This provides a method with which a dynamic sealing of a

[0049] Liquid barrier device quickly and cost-effectively already during the first use of the liquid barrier device to contain and / or divert a liquid.

[0050]

[0043] In a further aspect of the invention, the problem is solved by using a previously described sealing device for sealing a dike, flood protection and / or flood control system.

[0051]

[0044] The invention will now be described with reference to

[0052] This will be explained in more detail using examples. They show

[0053] Figure 1 is a schematic representation of a

[0054] Water barrier device with a fiber flow seal on a substrate in cross-section , and

[0055] Figure 2 is a highly schematic representation of a

[0056] Top view of the underside of an alternative fiber flow seal.

[0057]

[0045] A water barrier device 141 has a base plate 143 and a wall 145 arranged perpendicularly on the base plate 143. A free end of the base plate 143 is arranged opposite a flow direction 153. A fiber flow seal 101 is arranged below the free end of the base plate 143 on a bottom surface 147 of the water barrier device 141 (Figure 1). The fiber flow seal 101 has a carrier layer 103, wherein a top surface 105 of the carrier layer 103 is firmly bonded to the bottom surface 147 of the water barrier device 141 by means of adhesive bonding. A plurality of fibers 121 are bonded to a bottom surface 107 of the carrier layer 103 opposite the top surface 105. The fibers 121 are connected at one end to the carrier layer 103 in an irregularly distributed manner across a surface of the underside 107. The connected ends of the fibers 121 are sewn to the carrier layer 103.Opposite each connected end of the fibers 121, there is a free end 125 of each fiber 121. The fibers 121 have different lengths ranging from 35.0 mm to 75.0 mm. The fibers have a diameter of 0.075 mm. The fibers are polyethylene plastic fibers.

[0058]

[0046] Using the water barrier device 141 and the fiber flow seal 101, the following steps are carried out in a method 201 for sealing the water barrier device 141:

[0059]

[0047] First, the support layer 103 of the fiber flow seal 101 is bonded to the underside 147 of the water barrier device 141. Then, the water barrier device 141 is placed on a substrate 151 (step 205), which has unevenness and, as shown in Figure 1, a valley below the fiber flow seal.

[0060] 101 has . Subsequently, a flow 207 of surface water is applied to the water barrier device 141 with the connected fiber flow seal 101. This surface water contains suspended particles 131 of varying sizes due to a flooding event. The fibers 121 retain 209 the suspended particles 131 along the flow direction 153 and thus along the length of the fibers 121 aligned by the flow. As a result, less and less surface water can flow through the fiber flow seal 101 in the flow direction 153 within the gap between the underside 147 and the substrate 151 towards the wall 145 (for illustrative purposes, the water barrier device 141, the fiber flow seal 101, and the gap between the underside 147 and the substrate 151 are not shown to scale).Thus, the fibers 121 with the retained suspended substances 131 form a temporally increasing depth filtration and a sealing 211 takes place by means of the fiber flow seal 101 between the underside 147 of the water barrier device 141 and the uneven substrate 151, whereby the fibers 121 loaded with suspended substances 131 also completely fill and seal the valley of the substrate 151.

[0061]

[0048] In an alternative of the fiber flow seal 101 shown in Figure 2, one end of each fiber 121 is connected to the underside 107 of the support layer 103 at a connection point 123. The connection points 123 of all fibers 121 are arranged at equal intervals from a flow side 109 of the fiber flow seal 101, the flow side 109 being arranged directly opposite the flow direction 153 (for illustrative purposes, only a few connection points 123 at equal intervals from the flow side 109 are shown in Figure 2). Due to the equally spaced connection points 123, a defined sealing edge is formed near and parallel to the flow side 109.In the longitudinal direction of the fiber flow seal 101 and thus parallel to the upstream side 109, all connection points 123 including those not shown in Figure 2 lie directly next to each other, so that a continuous sealing line formed parallel to the upstream side 109 is present.

[0062]

[0049] Because the fibers 121 project downwards into the free space at the equally spaced connection points 123 on the underside 107 of the fiber flow seal 101, before aligning themselves along their length towards a rear side 111 in the upstream direction 153, they additionally form surface filtration and further retention of the suspended particles 131 in the area between the upstream side 109 and the connection points 123 by means of the projecting fiber sections at the connection points 123. Downstream of the connection points 123, the subsequent intersecting length sections and the free ends 125 of the fibers 121 cause further retention of suspended particles 131 by means of the depth filtration described above along the upstream direction 153. In this process, the entangled fibers 121 become increasingly stabilized by the trapped suspended particles 131.

[0063]

[0050] Thus, fiber flow seals 101 are provided with which a water barrier device 141 is quickly, cost-effectively and directly sealed against an uneven substrate 151 during operation.

[0064] Reference character list

[0065] 101 Fiber Flow Seal

[0066] 103 Carrier layer

[0067] 105 Top

[0068] 107 Underside

[0069] 109 Upstream side

[0070] 111 Back

[0071] 121 fiber

[0072] 123 liaison point

[0073] 125 free ending

[0074] 131 suspended substances

[0075] 141 Water barrier device

[0076] 143 Base plate

[0077] 145 wall

[0078] 147 Underside

[0079] 151 Underground

[0080] 153 Flow direction

[0081] 201 methods for sealing

[0082] 203 Joining a support layer

[0083] 205 Arranging the water barrier device on the substrate

[0084] 207 Flow towards the water barrier device

[0085] 209 Retention of particles by means of fibers

[0086] 211 Sealing

Claims

Patent claims:

1. Sealing device (101) against a liquid for sealing a liquid barrier device (141), wherein the sealing device (101) has a carrier layer (103), a top, a bottom, a downstream side (109) oriented towards the liquid and an opposite back (111), wherein the top is at least partially connectable to a bottom of the liquid barrier device (141) so that the sealing device (101) can be arranged between a bottom (147) of the liquid barrier device (141) and a substrate (151), characterized in that fibers (121) are connected to the carrier layer (103), wherein the fibers are at least partially exposed and have a diameter of less than 3.0 mm.so that when the sealing device (101) is arranged on the underside (147) of the liquid barrier device (141) and when the liquid flows towards the upstream side (109), particles (131) carried along with the liquid are retained by the fibers (121) and thereby at least a partial seal is formed between the underside (147) of the liquid barrier device (141) and the substrate (151).

2. Sealing device (101) according to claim 1, characterized in that the fibers (121) are arranged on a top (105) and / or a bottom (107) of the carrier layer (103).

3. Sealing device (101) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the fibers (121) are each connected to the carrier layer (103) at at least one connection point (125).

4. Sealing device (101) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fibers (121) are connected to the carrier layer (103) at two or more connection points (125) along an inflow direction, so that filtration fiber bags can be formed between the connection points (125).

5. Sealing device (101) according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the at least one connection point and / or the connection points (125) are arranged evenly and / or unevenly distributed on the top (105) and / or the bottom (107).

6. Sealing device (101) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the carrier layer (103) is formed as a textile fiber material.

7. Sealing device (101) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the carrier layer (103) has a width in a range of 5.0 mm to 200.0 mm, in particular from 10.0 mm to 150.0 mm, preferably from 50.0 mm to 100.0 mm.

8. Sealing device (101) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fibers (121) each have a length in a range of 10.0 mm to 200.0 mm, in particular from 20.0 mm to 150.0 mm, preferably from 50.0 mm to 100.0 mm.

9. Sealing device (101) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fibers (121) each have a diameter in a range of 0.02 mm to 2.0 mm, in particular from 0.03 mm to 1.0 mm, preferably from 0.04 mm to 0.5 mm.

10. Liquid barrier device (141) for containing and / or diverting a liquid, wherein the liquid barrier device (141) can be arranged on a substrate (151), characterized in that a sealing device (101) according to one of claims 1 to 9 is arranged on an underside (147) of the liquid barrier device (141).

11. Method (210) for sealing a liquid barrier device (141) against a Liquid, with the following steps: - Connecting (203) a sealing device (101) via a carrier layer (103) of the sealing device (101) to an underside (147) of a liquid barrier device (141) , wherein at the Carrier layer (103) fibers (121) are connected which fibers are at least partially exposed and have a diameter of less than 3.0 mm, - Arranging (205) the liquid barrier device (141) on a substrate (151) , - Flow (207) towards the liquid barrier device (141) with the connected sealing device (101) with a liquid comprising particles (131) , and - Retention (209) of the particles (131) by means of the fibers (121) , so that at least a partial sealing (211) between the underside (147) of the liquid barrier device (141) and the substrate (151).

12. Use of a sealing device (101) according to one of the Claims 1 to 10 for sealing a dike, flood protection and / or flood control system.

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