Heat exchanger and method for manufacturing heat exchanger

Abstract

This heat exchanger comprises: a first laminate (100) in which first refrigerant passages (110) are formed; and a second laminate (200) in which second refrigerant passages (240) are formed. The first laminate (100) includes a plurality of plates including a first plate (120, 120a, 120b, 150) and a second plate (130, 130a, 130b, 160). The first refrigerant passages (110) are spaces formed between the first plate (120, 120a, 120b, 150) and the second plate (130, 130a, 130b, 160). The second laminate (200) includes a spacer (210) and a passage member (220). The first laminate (100) and the second laminate (200) are alternately laminated. Each of the first plate (120, 120a, 120b, 150) and the second plate (130, 130a, 130b, 160) is in contact with the second refrigerant passages (240) while being in contact with the first refrigerant passages (110).

Description

Heat exchanger and method for manufacturing the same

[0001] FIELD OF THE DISCLOSURE The present disclosure relates to heat exchangers and methods for manufacturing heat exchangers.

[0002] Patent Document 1 discloses a heat exchanger. The heat exchanger has a structure in which fluid passages are formed in multiple stages by stacking tube plates (partition members) with a pair of spacer bars (spacers) sandwiched between them. Corrugated fins (passage members) are arranged in each fluid passage along the fluid flow direction.

[0003] Japanese Utility Model Application Laid-Open Publication No. 4-63989

[0004] In the heat exchanger described in Patent Document 1, first refrigerant passages through which refrigerant A flows and second refrigerant passages through which refrigerant B flows are alternately stacked, but all of the refrigerant passages (the alternately stacked first refrigerant passages and second refrigerant passages) have the same structure. If all of the refrigerant passages have the same structure as in the heat exchanger described in Patent Document 1, for example, it is not possible to make the structures of the first refrigerant passages and the second refrigerant passages different in order to effectively exhibit the characteristics of refrigerants A and B (for example, the first refrigerant passages are formed with corrugated fins, but the second refrigerant passages are formed with fine passages that are difficult to form with corrugated fins), which may reduce the degree of freedom in designing the refrigerant passages.

[0005] An object of the present disclosure is to provide a heat exchanger that can prevent all refrigerant passages from having the same structure.

[0006] The first aspect relates to a heat exchanger, the heat exchanger including a first stack (100) in which a first refrigerant passage (110) for sending a first refrigerant is formed, and a second stack (200) in which a second refrigerant passage (240) for sending a second refrigerant is formed, the first stack (100) including a plurality of plate portions stacked along a stacking direction (E), the plurality of plate portions including a first plate portion (120, 120a, 120b, 150) located closest to one side (E1) in the stacking direction (E), and a second plate portion (130, 130a, 130b, 160) located closest to another side (E2) in the stacking direction (E), the first refrigerant passage (110) being formed between the first plate portion (120, 120a, 120b, 150) and the second plate portion (130, 130a, 130b, 160). the second stack (200) includes a spacer (210) and a passage member (220) that is placed in a space (230) surrounded by the spacer (210) and that separates the space (230) so that the second refrigerant passage (240) is formed in the space (230), the first stack (100) and the second stack (200) are alternately stacked along the stacking direction (E), and each of the first plate portions (120, 120a, 120b, 150) and the second plate portions (130, 130a, 130b, 160) is in contact with the first refrigerant passage (110) and is in contact with the second refrigerant passage (240) of the second stack (200) adjacent to each other in the stacking direction (E).

[0007] In the first aspect, it is possible to prevent all of the refrigerant passages in the heat exchanger from having the same structure.

[0008] In the second aspect, in the first aspect, the passage member (220) of the second stack (200) is directly joined to the second plate portion (130, 130a, 130b, 160) of the first stack (100) adjacent to the one side (E1) and to the first plate portion (120, 120a, 120b, 150) of the first stack (100) adjacent to the other side (E2).

[0009] In the second aspect, the first plate portions (120, 120a, 120b, 150) and the second plate portions (130, 130a, 130b, 160) of the first stack (100) can be used to separate both sides of the second refrigerant passage (240) in the stacking direction (E) from the external space of the second refrigerant passage (240).

[0010] A third aspect is the first or second aspect, wherein the first plate portion (120) includes a first opposing surface (121), the second plate portion (130) includes a second opposing surface (131) opposing the first opposing surface (121), the first opposing surface (121) includes a first joint surface (124) and a first groove (123) recessed into the first joint surface (124), the second opposing surface (131) includes a second joint surface (134) jointed to the first joint surface (124) and a second groove (133) recessed into the second joint surface (134), and an internal space of the first groove (123) and an internal space of the second groove (133) are in communication with each other to form the first refrigerant passage (110).

[0011] In the third aspect, the first refrigerant passage (110) can be formed between the first plate portion (120) and the second plate portion (130).

[0012] A fourth aspect is the first or second aspect, wherein the first plate portion (120a) includes a third opposing surface (121a), the second plate portion (130a) includes a fourth opposing surface (131a) facing the third opposing surface (121a), one of the third opposing surface (121a) and the fourth opposing surface (131a) includes a third joining surface (124a, 134a) joined to the other opposing surface of the third opposing surface (121a) and the fourth opposing surface (131a), and a third groove (123a, 133a) recessed with respect to the third joining surface (124a, 134a), and an internal space of the third groove (123a, 133a) becomes the first refrigerant passage (110).

[0013] In the fourth aspect, the first refrigerant passage (110) can be formed between the first plate portion (120a) and the second plate portion (130a).

[0014] A fifth aspect is the first or second aspect, wherein the plurality of plate portions include a third plate portion (140b) provided between the first plate portion (120b) and the second plate portion (130b), and a fifth opposing surface (121b) of the first plate portion (120b) opposing the third plate portion (140b) includes a fourth joining surface (124b) joined to the third plate portion (140b) and a fourth groove (123b) recessed with respect to the fourth joining surface (124b), and the third plate portion (140b) of the second plate portion (130b) includes a fourth joining surface (124b) joined to the third plate portion (140b). ), a sixth opposing surface (131b) opposing the third plate portion (140b) includes a fifth joint surface (134b) joined to the third plate portion (140b) and a fifth groove (133b) recessed into the fifth joint surface (134b), and a communication hole (143b) communicating with the fourth groove (123b) and the fifth groove (133b) is formed in the third plate portion (140b), and an internal space of the fourth groove (123b), an internal space of the fifth groove (133b), and an internal space of the communication hole (143b) form the first refrigerant passage (110).

[0015] In the fifth aspect, the first refrigerant passage (110) can be formed between the first plate portion (120b) and the second plate portion (130b).

[0016] In a sixth aspect, in the first or second aspect, the plurality of plate portions include a fourth plate portion (170) provided between the first plate portion (150) and the second plate portion (160), and a hole (173) is formed in the fourth plate portion (170) so as to penetrate the fourth plate portion (170) along a stacking direction (E) of the plurality of plate portions, and the internal space of the hole (173) becomes the first refrigerant passage (110).

[0017] In the sixth aspect, the first refrigerant passage (110) can be formed between the first plate portion (150) and the second plate portion (160).

[0018] In a seventh aspect, in any one of the first to sixth aspects, the first stack (100) includes opposing surfaces (122, 132, 122a, 132a, 122b, 132b, 151, 161) opposing the second stack (200), and the spacers (210) and the passage members (220) of the second stack (200) are joined to the opposing surfaces (122, 132, 122a, 132a, 122b, 132b, 151, 161).

[0019] In the seventh aspect, the first stack (100) and the second stack (200) can be joined to each other while being stacked.

[0020] The eighth aspect is the seventh aspect, wherein a sixth groove (180) is formed in the opposing surface (122, 132, 122a, 132a, 122b, 132b, 151, 161).

[0021] In the eighth aspect, it is possible to prevent the first stack (100) from warping due to residual stress caused by the formation of the first refrigerant passages (110).

[0022] In a ninth aspect, in the eighth aspect, the passage member (220) includes a convex portion (221, 222) that convex toward the opposing surface (122, 132, 122a, 132a, 122b, 132b, 151, 161), and the convex portion (221, 222) is disposed in the sixth groove (180).

[0023] In the ninth aspect, the passage member (220) can be positioned by arranging the protrusions (221, 222) in the sixth groove (180).

[0024] A tenth aspect is any one of the first to ninth aspects, wherein the hydraulic diameter (D1) of the first refrigerant passage (110) is 0.15 mm or more and 1.5 mm or less, and the hydraulic diameter (D2) of the second refrigerant passage (240) is 0.5 mm or more and 3.0 mm or less.

[0025] In the tenth aspect, it is possible to perform heat exchange between the first refrigerant and the second refrigerant using a small amount of the first refrigerant relative to the amount of the second refrigerant.

[0026] An eleventh aspect is directed to a method for manufacturing a heat exchanger, the method for manufacturing a heat exchanger comprising the steps of: forming a first stack (100) having a first refrigerant passage (110) for supplying a first refrigerant; forming a second stack (200) having a second refrigerant passage (240) for supplying a second refrigerant; and stacking the first stack (100) and the second stack (200) alternately along a stacking direction (E), the first stack (100) including a plurality of plate portions stacked along the stacking direction (E), the plurality of plate portions including a first plate portion (120, 120a, 120b, 150) located closest to one side (E1) in the stacking direction (E) and a second plate portion (130, 130a, 130b, 160) located closest to the other side (E2) in the stacking direction (E); (110) is a void formed between the first plate portion (120, 120a, 120b, 150) and the second plate portion (130, 130a, 130b, 160), the second stack (200) includes a spacer (210) and a passage member (220) that is installed in a space (230) surrounded by the spacer (210) and that separates the space (230) so that the second refrigerant passage (240) is formed in the space (230), and each of the first plate portion (120, 120a, 120b, 150) and the second plate portion (130, 130a, 130b, 160) is in contact with the first refrigerant passage (110) and is in contact with the second refrigerant passage (240) of the second stack (200) adjacent to the second stack (200) in the stacking direction (E).

[0027] In the eleventh aspect, it is possible to prevent all of the refrigerant passages in the heat exchanger from having the same structure.

[0028] In a twelfth aspect, in the eleventh aspect, the method for manufacturing a heat exchanger includes a step of processing a material of the first stack (100) by etching, pressing, laser processing, cutting, or sintering so as to form the first refrigerant passage (110).

[0029] In the twelfth aspect, the first refrigerant passage (110) can be formed by etching, pressing, laser processing, cutting, or sintering.

[0030] In a thirteenth aspect, in the eleventh or twelfth aspect, the method for manufacturing a heat exchanger includes a step of processing a material of the second stack (200) by etching, pressing, laser processing, cutting, or sintering so as to form the second refrigerant passage (240).

[0031] In the thirteenth aspect, the second refrigerant passage (240) can be formed by etching, pressing, laser processing, cutting, or sintering.

[0032] A fourteenth aspect is any one of the eleventh to thirteenth aspects, further comprising the step of joining the first stack (100) and the second stack (200) by diffusion bonding or brazing.

[0033] In the fourteenth aspect, the first stack (100) and the second stack (200) can be joined together by diffusion bonding or brazing.

[0034] FIG. 1(a) is a perspective view of a first laminate. FIG. 1(b) is a plan view of the first laminate. FIG. 2(a) is a view of the first plate portion viewed from the first opposing surface side. FIG. 2(b) is a view of the second plate portion viewed from the second opposing surface side. FIG. 3(a) is a perspective view of a second laminate. FIG. 3(b) is an exploded perspective view of the second laminate. FIG. 4 is an exploded perspective view of a heat exchanger. FIG. 5 is a view of the heat exchanger viewed from the other side in the third direction. FIG. 6 is a view of the heat exchanger viewed from the other side in the second direction. FIG. 7 is a view of the heat exchanger viewed from one side in the second direction. FIG. 8 is a partially cut-away end view of the heat exchanger. FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing the first to fourth pipes connected to the heat exchanger. FIG. 10 is an exploded perspective view of the heat exchanger shown in FIG. 9. FIG. 11(a) is a diagram showing the flow of the first refrigerant through the first refrigerant passage. Fig. 11(b) is a diagram showing the flow of the second refrigerant through the second refrigerant passage. Fig. 12(a) is a cross-sectional end view showing a first modified example of the first stack. Fig. 12(b) is a cross-sectional end view showing a modified example of the first refrigerant passage shown in Fig. 12(a). Fig. 13 is a cross-sectional end view showing a second modified example of the first stack. Fig. 14 is a cross-sectional end view showing a third modified example of the first stack. Fig. 15 is a cross-sectional end view showing a fourth modified example of the first stack. Fig. 16 is a cross-sectional end view showing a first modified example of the second stack. Fig. 17 is a perspective view showing a second modified example of the second stack. Figs. 18(a) to 18(c) are views showing modified examples of the passage member.

[0035] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. Note that the present disclosure is not limited to the embodiments shown below, and various modifications are possible within the scope of the technical concept of the present disclosure. Since each drawing is intended to conceptually explain the present disclosure, dimensions, ratios, or numbers may be exaggerated or simplified as necessary for ease of understanding. In each embodiment, each modified example, and in the drawings, the same or equivalent components are designated by the same reference symbols, and different components are designated by different reference symbols. Detailed descriptions of components designated by the same reference symbols and descriptions of their associated effects will not be repeated.

[0036] The first direction (E), second direction (F), and third direction (G) shown below are directions perpendicular to one another. The first direction (E) is the direction in which the multiple layer members constituting the heat exchanger (1) are stacked (stacking direction).

[0037] First Embodiment A heat exchanger (1) according to the present embodiment is a device for exchanging heat among a plurality of fluids (refrigerants). The heat exchanger (1) is made of a metal material such as stainless steel or aluminum.

[0038] -Heat Exchanger- The heat exchanger (1) comprises a first stack (100), a second stack (200), a first plate member (300), and a second plate member (400).

[0039] -First Stacked Body- The first stacked body (100) will be described with reference to Figs. 1(a) to 2(b).

[0040] As shown in FIGS. 1( a) and 1(b), the first stack (100) is a plate-shaped member. The first stack (100) has a first refrigerant passage (110) formed therein for supplying a first refrigerant. The first refrigerant is, for example, propane or carbon dioxide. The first refrigerant passage (110) is a hole penetrating the first stack body. The first stack body is included in the first stack (100). The first stack body is an object in which the first refrigerant passage (110) is formed. The first stack body is an object made up of a plurality of stacked plate portions. The plurality of plate portions are stacked along a first direction (E). In the first embodiment, the first stack body is made up of a first plate portion (120) and a second plate portion (130).

[0041] The first refrigerant passage (110) is a void formed between the uppermost plate portion and the lowermost plate portion of the plurality of stacked plate portions. The uppermost plate portion is the plate portion located furthest on one side (E1) in the first direction (E) among the plurality of plate portions constituting the first stack body. The lowermost plate portion is the plate portion located furthest on the other side (E2) in the first direction (E) among the plurality of plate portions constituting the first stack body. The first refrigerant passage (110) includes a first opening (111a) and a second opening (111b). The first opening (111a) and the second opening (111b) are each formed on the outer surface of the first stack (100) and communicate with the outside of the first stack (100). The first refrigerant passage (110) is formed between the first plate portion (120) and the second plate portion (130) so as to penetrate the first stack body (an object constituted by the stacked first plate portion (120) and the second plate portion (130)) from the first opening (111a) to the second opening (111b).

[0042] The first stack (100) includes a first plate portion (120) and a second plate portion (130). The first plate portion (120) and the second plate portion (130) are joined (fixed) to each other and stacked in a first direction (E).

[0043] As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2( a), the first plate portion (120) is a plate-shaped member. The first plate portion (120) includes a first opposing surface (121) and a first back surface (122). The first opposing surface (121) faces the second plate portion (130). The first opposing surface (121) includes a first bonding surface (124) and a first groove (123) recessed relative to the first bonding surface (124). The first groove (123) is formed, for example, by etching the first opposing surface (121). The first back surface (122) is located on the back side of the first opposing surface (121) and faces away from the first opposing surface (121).

[0044] As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2( b), the second plate portion (130) is a plate-shaped member. The second plate portion (130) includes a second opposing surface (131) and a second back surface (132). The second opposing surface (131) faces the first plate portion (120). The second opposing surface (131) includes a second joint surface (134) and a second groove (133) recessed relative to the second joint surface (134). The second joint surface (134) is joined to the first joint surface (124) of the first plate portion (120) by, for example, diffusion bonding or brazing. The second groove (133) is formed, for example, by etching the second opposing surface (131). The second groove (133) is in communication with the first groove (123) and extends along the first groove (123). The second back surface (132) is located on the rear side of the second opposing surface (131) and faces away from the second opposing surface (131).

[0045] The internal spaces of the first grooves (123) and the second grooves (133) are in communication with each other to form first refrigerant passages (110) (see FIG. 8 ). In this embodiment, a plurality of first refrigerant passages (110) are formed in parallel in the first stack (100). For example, by forming the first grooves (123) and the second grooves (133) by etching, it is possible to form the first refrigerant passages (110) as fine passages.

[0046] - Second Stacked Body - The second stacked body (200) will be described with reference to Figs. 3(a) and 3(b).

[0047] As shown in Fig. 3(a), the second stack (200) is formed with a second refrigerant passage (240) for supplying a second refrigerant (see Fig. 8). The second refrigerant includes, for example, water. The second stack (200) includes a spacer (210) and a passage member (220).

[0048] The spacer (210) is a member that forms the second refrigerant passage (240) together with the passage member (220). The spacer (210) includes a first spacer (211) and a second spacer (212). The width of the spacer (210) in a direction perpendicular to the second refrigerant passage (240) is designed according to the target pressure resistance design. The first spacer (211) and the second spacer (212) are arranged with a gap between them. A groove is formed in an edge portion (211a) of the first spacer (211) facing the second spacer (212). A groove is formed in an edge portion (212a) of the second spacer (212) facing the first spacer (211).

[0049] The passage member (220) is installed in a space (230) surrounded by the spacer (210). The passage member (220) is installed adjacent to the spacer (210) in a direction perpendicular to the first direction (E). The passage member (220) is a member for dividing the space (230) so as to form a second refrigerant passage (240) in the space (230). The passage member (220) has, for example, a corrugated plate shape. The passage member (220) is formed, for example, by pressing a flat plate member into a corrugated shape (press molding). As shown in FIGS. 3( a) and 3(b), the passage member (220) is fixed to the spacer (210) by being fitted into a groove in an edge portion (211a) of the first spacer (211) and a groove in an edge portion (212a) of the second spacer (212). In this embodiment, the peaks (221) and valleys (222) of the corrugated passage member (220) extend along the second direction (F), thereby forming a second refrigerant passage (240) extending in the second direction (F). In this embodiment, three passage members (220) are used to form the second refrigerant passage (240), but the number of passage members (220) used is not particularly limited. The number of passage members (220) provided in one second stack (200) may be one or more.

[0050] 4, each of the first plate member (300) and the second plate member (400) is a flat plate-shaped member. The first plate member (300) and the second plate member (400) are disposed so as to sandwich the first stack (100) and the second stack (200).

[0051] -First Example of Method for Manufacturing Heat Exchanger- As shown in Figure 4, the heat exchanger (1) is manufactured by diffusion bonding the components of the heat exchanger (1) (first laminate (100), second laminate (200), first plate member (300), and second plate member (400). Diffusion bonding is performed by pressing the components of the heat exchanger (1) in a first direction (E) while heating the components of the heat exchanger (1), thereby realizing a metal bond between the bonding surfaces of the components of the heat exchanger (1), and joining the components of the heat exchanger (1) to one another.

[0052] In this embodiment, the first plate member (300) is arranged closest to one side (E1) in the first direction (E), the second plate member (400) is arranged closest to the other side (E2) in the first direction (E), and the first stacked bodies (100) and the second stacked bodies (200) are alternately stacked along the first direction (E) between the first plate member (300) and the second plate member (400). In this state, these components of the heat exchanger (1) are pressed along the first direction (E) while being heated, whereby adjacent components of the heat exchanger (1) in the first direction (E) are joined to each other by diffusion bonding. As a result, the heat exchanger (1) is manufactured.

[0053] The number of first stacks (100) and second stacks (200) alternately stacked between the first plate member (300) and the second plate member (400) is not particularly limited.

[0054] -Second Example of Method for Manufacturing Heat Exchanger- The heat exchanger 1 is manufactured by joining the components of the heat exchanger 1 together by brazing. The components of the heat exchanger 1 are joined by brazing in a furnace using, for example, a copper alloy brazing filler metal.

[0055] Brazing is a process in which a brazing material is placed between the stacked components of the heat exchanger (1) as shown in Figure 4, the brazing material is heated to melt, and the brazing material is spread into the gaps between the joining surfaces of the components of the heat exchanger (1) to join the joining surfaces of the components with the brazing material. When brazing is performed, adjacent components of the heat exchanger (1) in the first direction (E) are joined to each other with the brazing material. As a result, the heat exchanger (1) is manufactured.

[0056] -Structure of Heat Exchanger- Hereinafter, the first stack (100) and the second stack (200) alternately stacked between the first plate member (300) and the second plate member (400) may be collectively referred to as the stack (500).

[0057] With regard to the stack (500), the first plate member (300), and the second plate member (400), the outer surfaces (510, 310, 410) (see FIG. 7) facing one side (F1) of the second direction (F) are flush with each other, the outer surfaces (520, 320, 420) (see FIG. 6) facing the other side (F2) of the second direction (F) are flush with each other, and the outer surfaces (530, 330, 430) (see FIG. 5) facing the other side (G2) of the third direction (G) are flush with each other.

[0058] FIG. 5 is a view of the heat exchanger (1) as viewed from the other side (G2) in the third direction (G). As shown in FIGS. 1( a), 1(b), and 5, a first recess (531) and a second recess (532) are formed in the outer surface (530) of the stack (500). Each of the first recess (531) and the second recess (532) is formed to be recessed from the outer surface (530). The first recess (531) and the second recess (532) are spaced apart from each other along the second direction (F). The first recess (531) is located on one side (F1) in the second direction (F) with respect to the second recess (532). A first opening (111a) of the first refrigerant passage (110) is formed in the bottom surface of the first recess (531). The inner space of the first recess (531) communicates with the first refrigerant passage (110) through the first opening (111a). The second recess (532) has a bottom surface formed with a second opening (111b) for the first refrigerant passage (110). The inner space of the second recess (532) communicates with the first refrigerant passage (110) through the second opening (111b).

[0059] Fig. 6 is a view of the heat exchanger (1) as seen from the other side (F2) of the second direction (F). As shown in Fig. 3(a) and Fig. 6, a third recess (521) is formed in the outer surface (520) of the stack (500). The inner space of the third recess (521) faces the passage member (220) and communicates with the second refrigerant passage (240).

[0060] 7 is a view of the heat exchanger (1) as seen from one side (F1) in the second direction (F). As shown in FIGS. 3( a) and 7, a fourth recess (511) is formed in the outer surface (510) of the stack (500). The inner space of the fourth recess (511) faces the passage member (220) and communicates with the second refrigerant passage (240).

[0061] Fig. 8 is a partially cut-away end view of the heat exchanger 1. Fig. 8 is a partially cut-away end view of a region (region (N) in Fig. 1(b)) of the heat exchanger 1 where the flow direction of the first refrigerant and the flow direction of the second refrigerant are parallel to each other.

[0062] As shown in Fig. 8 , in a first stack (100) and a second stack (200) adjacent to each other in the first direction (E), the second stack (200) (a spacer (210) and a passage member (220)) are joined by diffusion bonding or brazing to a surface of the first stack (100) facing the second stack (200) (the first back-facing surface (122) and the second back-facing surface (132) in Fig. 8 ). In the second stack (200), a space (230) surrounded by the spacer (210) and the first stack (100) adjacent to each other in the first direction (E) is partitioned by the passage member (220), and each of a plurality of spaces (231) formed by partitioning by the passage member (220) constitutes a second refrigerant passage (240).

[0063] - Structure for Supplying Refrigerant to Heat Exchanger - As shown in FIGS. 9 and 10 , a plate-shaped member (P13) is fixed to outer surfaces (530, 330, 430) (see FIG. 5 ) of the stack (500), the first plate member (300), and the second plate member (400). A first pipe (P11) and a second pipe (P12) are provided on the plate-shaped member (P13). The first pipe (P11) communicates with the inner space of the first recess (531) (see FIGS. 1( a), 1( b), 3( a), and 5 ). The second pipe (P12) communicates with the inner space of the second recess (532) (see FIGS. 1( a), 1( b), 3( a), and 5 ).

[0064] 9 and 10 , a plate-shaped member (P22) is fixed to outer surfaces (520, 320, 420) (see FIG. 6 ) of the stack (500), the first plate member (300), and the second plate member (400). A third pipe (P21) is provided on the plate-shaped member (P22). The third pipe (P21) communicates with the inner space of the third recess (521) (see FIGS. 1( a), 1( b), 3( a), and 6).

[0065] As shown in Figures 9 and 10, a plate-shaped member (P32) is fixed to outer surfaces (510, 310, 410) (see Figure 7) of the stack (500), the first plate member (300), and the second plate member (400). A fourth pipe (P31) is provided on the plate-shaped member (P32). The fourth pipe (P31) communicates with the inner space of the fourth recess (511) (see Figures 1(a), 1(b), 3(a), and 7).

[0066] Refrigerant Flow As shown in FIGS. 9 and 11( a), the first refrigerant is sent to the inner space of the first recess (531) through the first pipe (P11). The first refrigerant sent to the inner space of the first recess (531) is sent to the first refrigerant passage (110) through the first opening (111a). At this time, the first refrigerant is sent from the inner space of the first recess (531) to the first refrigerant passages (110) of all the first stacks (100) constituting the heat exchanger (1). After flowing through the first refrigerant passage (110), the first refrigerant is sent to the inner space of the second recess (532) through the second opening (111b). The first refrigerant sent to the inner space of the second recess (532) is discharged through the second pipe (P12).

[0067] As shown in FIGS. 9 and 11( b), the second refrigerant is sent to the inner space of the third recess (521) through the third pipe (P21). The second refrigerant sent to the inner space of the third recess (521) is sent to the second refrigerant passage (240). At this time, the second refrigerant is sent from the inner space of the third recess (521) to the second refrigerant passages (240) of all the second stacks (200) constituting the heat exchanger (1). After flowing through the second refrigerant passage (240), the second refrigerant is sent to the inner space of the fourth recess (511). The second refrigerant sent to the inner space of the fourth recess (511) is discharged through the fourth pipe (P31).

[0068] In the heat exchanger (1), heat is exchanged between the first refrigerant flowing through the first refrigerant passage (110) and the second refrigerant flowing through the second refrigerant passage (240).

[0069] The heat exchanger (1) is used in, for example, a heating appliance such as a central heating system. In this case, heat exchange occurs between the first refrigerant flowing through the first refrigerant passage (110) of the heat exchanger (1) and the second refrigerant flowing through the second refrigerant passage (240). As a result, the second refrigerant (water) is heated by the heat of the first refrigerant (propane or carbon dioxide) to produce hot water. The hot water is discharged through the fourth pipe (P31) and circulates through pipes laid within the wall. As a result, the room is heated. The heat exchanger (1) may also be used in a water heater. The water heater supplies the hot water generated by the heat exchanger (1) through the heat exchange between the first refrigerant and the second refrigerant.

[0070] Effect As described above, the heat exchanger (1) includes a first stack (100) having a first refrigerant passage (110) for supplying a first refrigerant, and a second stack (200) having a second refrigerant passage (240) for supplying a second refrigerant. The first refrigerant passage (110) is formed in a plurality of stacked plate members. The first refrigerant passage (110) is a space formed between a first plate member (120) and a second plate member (130). The second stack (200) includes a spacer (210) and a passage member (220) that is installed in a space (230) surrounded by the spacer (210) and divides the space (230) so as to form a second refrigerant passage (240) in the space (230). The first stack (100) and the second stack (200) are stacked alternately. This allows the first refrigerant passage (110) and the second refrigerant passage (240) to have different structures, thereby preventing all refrigerant passages in the heat exchanger (1) from having the same structure.

[0071] In the first embodiment, the first groove (123) is formed in the first plate portion (120) by etching or the like, the second groove (133) is formed in the second plate portion (130) by etching or the like, and the first plate portion (120) and the second plate portion (130) are joined together such that the first groove (123) and the second groove (133) are butted against each other. This forms a first refrigerant passage (110) (a void surrounded by the first groove (123) and the second groove (133)) between the uppermost plate portion (first plate portion (120)) and the lowermost plate portion (second plate portion (130)). This eliminates the need for complex machining, such as forming a through-hole that serves as the first refrigerant passage (110), in the first stack body when forming the first refrigerant passage (110). As a result, the first refrigerant passage (110) can be easily formed.

[0072] Furthermore, if the first refrigerant passage (110) is formed by etching and the refrigerant passage of the heat exchanger (1) is composed only of the first refrigerant passage (110), it is possible to design the refrigerant passage with a high degree of freedom in shape, but this takes time to mold and increases manufacturing costs. On the other hand, if the second refrigerant passage (240) is formed by press-molding a plurality of members including the spacer (210) and the passage member (220), and the refrigerant passage of the heat exchanger (1) is composed only of the second refrigerant passage (240), the heat exchanger (1) can be easily manufactured and mass-produced, thereby reducing costs. However, since the components of the second refrigerant passage (240) are divided according to function, the number of parts of the second refrigerant passage (240) increases, and therefore a large amount of assembly equipment is required. Therefore, by alternately stacking first stacks (100) each having a first refrigerant passage (110) and second stacks (200) each having a second refrigerant passage (240) so that the refrigerant passages of the heat exchanger (1) are not formed of only one type of refrigerant passage (the first refrigerant passage (110) or the second refrigerant passage (240)), it is possible to suppress the disadvantages that arise when the refrigerant passages are formed of only the first refrigerant passages (110) and the disadvantages that arise when the refrigerant passages are formed of only the second refrigerant passages (240). As a result, the performance of the heat exchanger (1) can be ensured, and the heat exchanger (1) can be easily manufactured, and an increase in the manufacturing cost of the heat exchanger (1) can be suppressed.

[0073] Second Embodiment A first modification of the first stack (100) will be described.

[0074] 12(a), the first stack (100) includes a first plate portion (120a) and a second plate portion (130a). The first plate portion (120a) and the second plate portion (130a) are joined to each other and stacked in a first direction (E).

[0075] The first plate portion (120a) includes a third opposing surface (121a) and a third back surface (122a). The third opposing surface (121a) is a surface facing the second plate portion (130a). The third opposing surface (121a) includes a third bonding surface (124a) and a third groove (123a) recessed relative to the third bonding surface (124a). The third groove (123a) is formed, for example, by etching the third opposing surface (121a). The third back surface (122a) is located on the back side of the third opposing surface (121a) and faces the opposite side from the third opposing surface (121a).

[0076] The second plate portion (130a) includes a fourth opposing surface (131a) and a fourth back surface (132a). The fourth opposing surface (131a) faces the first plate portion (120a). The fourth opposing surface (131a) faces the first plate portion (120a) and is joined to the third joining surface (124a) of the first plate portion (120a) by, for example, diffusion bonding or brazing. The fourth back surface (132a) is located on the back side of the fourth opposing surface (131a) and faces the opposite side from the fourth opposing surface (131a).

[0077] The internal space of the third groove (123a) of the first plate portion (120a) forms the first refrigerant passage (110). The second stack (200) is joined by diffusion bonding or brazing to the surfaces of the first stack (100) facing the second stack (200) (the third rear surface (122a) and the fourth rear surface (132a) in FIG. 12(a)).

[0078] As shown in FIG. 12( b), the fourth opposing surface (131 a) of the second plate portion (130 a) may include the joining surface (134 a) and the groove (133 a), and the third opposing surface (121 a) of the first plate portion (120 a) may not include the third groove (123 a). The joining surface (134 a) of the second plate portion (130 a) is joined to the third opposing surface (121 a) of the first plate portion (120 a) by, for example, diffusion bonding or brazing. The groove (133 a) is recessed with respect to the joining surface (134 a). The internal space of the groove (133 a) forms the first refrigerant passage (110).

[0079] Third Embodiment A second modification of the first stack (100) will now be described.

[0080] 13 , the first stack (100) includes a first plate portion (120b), a second plate portion (130b), and a third plate portion (140b) provided between the first plate portion (120b) and the second plate portion (130b). The first plate portion (120b), the second plate portion (130b), and the third plate portion (140b) are stacked along the first direction (E) in the order of the first plate portion (120b), the third plate portion (140b), and the second plate portion (130b).

[0081] The first plate portion (120b) includes a fifth opposing surface (121b) and a fifth back surface (122b). The fifth opposing surface (121b) faces the third plate portion (140b). The fifth opposing surface (121b) includes a fourth joining surface (124b) joined to the third plate portion (140b) and a fourth groove (123b) recessed into the fourth joining surface (124b). The fifth back surface (122b) is located on the back side of the fifth opposing surface (121b) and faces the opposite side from the fifth opposing surface (121b). The fourth joining surface (124b) is joined to the third plate portion (140b) by, for example, diffusion bonding or brazing.

[0082] The second plate portion (130b) includes a sixth opposing surface (131b) and a sixth back surface (132b). The sixth opposing surface (131b) faces the third plate portion (140b). The sixth opposing surface (131b) includes a fifth joining surface (134b) joined to the third plate portion (140b) and a fifth groove (133b) recessed into the fifth joining surface (134b). The sixth back surface (132b) is located on the back side of the sixth opposing surface (131b) and faces the opposite side from the sixth opposing surface (131b). The fifth joining surface (134b) is joined to the third plate portion (140b) by, for example, diffusion bonding or brazing.

[0083] The third plate portion (140b) is a plate-shaped member. A communication hole (143b) penetrating the third plate portion (140b) in the first direction (E) is formed in the third plate portion (140b). The communication hole (143b) communicates with the fourth groove (123b) of the first plate portion (120b) and the fifth groove (133b) of the second plate portion (130b). Note that a plurality of third plate portions (140b) may be stacked in the first direction (E) between the first plate portion (120b) and the second plate portion (130b).

[0084] The internal space of the fourth groove (123b) of the first plate portion (120b), the internal space of the communication hole (143b) of the third plate portion (140b), and the internal space of the fifth groove (133b) of the second plate portion (130b) are in communication with each other to form a first refrigerant passage (110). In the first stack (100) and the second stack (200) adjacent to each other in the first direction (E), the second stack (200) is joined by diffusion bonding or brazing to a surface of the first stack (100) facing the second stack (200) (in FIG. 13 , the fifth back-facing surface (122b) and the sixth back-facing surface (132b)).

[0085] Fourth Embodiment A third modification of the first stack (100) will now be described.

[0086] 14 , the first stack (100) includes a first plate portion (150), a second plate portion (160), and a fourth plate portion (170) provided between the first plate portion (150) and the second plate portion (160). The first plate portion (150), the second plate portion (160), and the fourth plate portion (170) are stacked along the first direction (E) in the order of the first plate portion (150), the fourth plate portion (170), and the second plate portion (160).

[0087] The fourth plate portion (170) is a plate-shaped member. A hole (173) is formed in the fourth plate portion (170) and passes through the fourth plate portion (170) in the first direction (E).

[0088] The first plate portion (150) is a plate-shaped member and is joined to the outer surface (171) of the fourth plate portion (170) so as to close the opening of the hole (173) formed in the outer surface (171) of the fourth plate portion (170) on one side (E1) in the first direction (E).

[0089] The second plate portion (160) is a plate-shaped member and is joined to the outer surface (172) of the fourth plate portion (170) so as to close the opening of the hole (173) formed in the outer surface (172) of the fourth plate portion (170) on the other side (E2) in the first direction (E).

[0090] An internal space of the hole (173) of the fourth plate portion (170) forms a first refrigerant passage (110). In the first stack (100) and the second stack (200) adjacent to each other in the first direction (E), the second stack (200) is joined by diffusion bonding or brazing to a surface of the first stack (100) facing the second stack (200) (in FIG. 14 , the surface (151) of the first plate portion (150) facing one side (E1) in the first direction and the surface (161) of the second plate portion (160) facing the other side (E2) in the first direction).

[0091] —Configuration common to the first to fourth embodiments— As shown in FIGS. 8 and 12(a) to 14 , the first stack (100) includes a plurality of plate portions stacked along a first direction (E). The plurality of plate portions include first plate portions (120, 120a, 120b, 150) located furthest in one direction (E1) in the first direction (E), and second plate portions (130, 130a, 130b, 160) located furthest in the other direction (E2). The first refrigerant passage (110) is a first space formed between the first plate portion (120, 120a, 120b, 150) and the second plate portion (130, 130a, 130b, 160). In other words, the first refrigerant passages (110) are a plurality of parallel holes extending along a plane perpendicular to the first direction (E) and penetrating a first stack body made up of a plurality of stacked plate portions. The first stack body (100) and the second stack body (200) are stacked alternately along the first direction (E).

[0092] Each of the first plate portions (120, 120a, 120b, 150) and the second plate portions (130, 130a, 130b, 160) is in contact with the first refrigerant passage (110) and also in contact with the second refrigerant passage (240) of the adjacent second stack (200). Specifically, the other side (E2) of the first plate portion (120, 120a, 120b, 150) in the first direction (E) is in contact with the first refrigerant passage (110) formed between the first plate portion (120, 120a, 120b, 150) and the second plate portion (130, 130a, 130b, 160), and the one side (E1) of the first direction (E) is in contact with the second refrigerant passage (240) of the second stack (200) adjacent to the one side (E1). In the second plate portion (130, 130a, 130b, 160), one side (E1) in the first direction (E) contacts the first refrigerant passage (110) formed between the second plate portion (130, 130a, 130b, 160) and the other side (E2) in the first direction (E) contacts the second refrigerant passage (240) of the second stack (200) adjacent to the other side (E2).

[0093] This allows the component interposed between the first refrigerant passage (110) and the second refrigerant passage (240) to be formed of a single component, i.e., the first plate portion (120, 120a, 120b, 150) alone or the second plate portion (130, 130a, 130b, 160) alone, thereby effectively exchanging heat between the first refrigerant flowing in the first refrigerant passage (110) and the second refrigerant flowing in the second refrigerant passage (240).As a result, the performance of the heat exchanger (1) can be effectively ensured.

[0094] 8 and 12(a) to 14 , the passage member (220) of the second stack (200) is directly joined to the second plate portion (130, 130a, 130b, 160) of the first stack (100) adjacent to the second stack (200) on one side (E1) and to the first plate portion (120, 120a, 120b, 150) of the first stack (100) adjacent to the second stack (200) on the other side (E2). This makes it possible to separate both sides of the second refrigerant passage (240) in the stacking direction (E) from the external space of the second refrigerant passage (240) using the first plate portions (120, 120a, 120b, 150) and the second plate portions (130, 130a, 130b, 160) of the first stack (100).

[0095] 8 and 12(a) to 14, the spacers (210) of the second stack (200) are directly joined to the second plate portions (130, 130a, 130b, 160) of the first stack (100) adjacent to the second stack (200) on one side (E1) and to the first plate portions (120, 120a, 120b, 150) of the first stack (100) adjacent to the second stack (200) on the other side (E2). As shown in FIGS. 8 and 12(a) to 14, the second refrigerant passages (240) are a plurality of parallel second spaces formed by dividing a space (230) surrounded by the first plate portions (120, 120a, 120b, 150), the second plate portions (130, 130a, 130b, 160), and the spacers (210) into a plurality of spaces by the passage members (220). In this embodiment, the first refrigerant passage (110) is narrower than the second refrigerant passage (240).

[0096] Fifth Embodiment A fourth modification of the first stack (100) will now be described.

[0097] 15 , in the first stack (100) of each of the first to fourth embodiments, a sixth groove (180) may be formed in a surface (122, 132, 122a, 132a, 122b, 132b, 151, 161) of the first stack (100) facing the second stack (200). In this manner, even if residual stress is generated by forming grooves such as the first groove (123) and the second groove (133) in the first stack (100) to form the first refrigerant passage (110), the residual stress can be released by forming the sixth groove (180) in the surface opposite to the surface on which the groove is formed, i.e., in the surface (122, 132, 122a, 132a, 122b, 132b, 151, 161) of the first stack (100) facing the second stack (200). As a result, the first stack (100) can be prevented from warping due to the residual stress.

[0098] In the first stack (100) of each of the first to fourth embodiments, the peaks (221) and / or valleys (222) of the passage member (220) may be disposed in the sixth groove (180). This allows the passage member (220) to be positioned by the sixth groove (180) and the passage member (220) to be effectively brought into contact with the first stack (100). As a result, the contact area of ​​the passage member (220) with the first stack (100) is increased, and the passage member (220) can be effectively joined to the first stack (100). The peaks (221) and valleys (222) are examples of convex portions.

[0099] Sixth Embodiment A first modification of the second stack (200) will be described.

[0100] In the first to fifth embodiments, as shown in FIG. 16 , the second stack (200) uses not only the components of the second stack (200) but also the first stack (100) to form the second refrigerant passage (240). Specifically, in a space (230) surrounded by spacers (210) in which the second refrigerant passage (240) is formed, the first stack (100) is used to close both sides of the space (230) in the first direction (E) (see FIG. 8 ). However, the present invention is not limited to this. The second refrigerant passage (240) may be formed only by the components of the second stack (200). A configuration for forming the second refrigerant passage (240) only by the components of the second stack (200) will be described below.

[0101] As shown in FIG. 16 , the second stack (200) includes a spacer (210), a passage member (220), a first partition wall (250), and a second partition wall (260). The first partition wall (250) is a plate-shaped member. The first partition wall (250) is joined to the spacer (210) and the passage member (220) so as to close one side (E1) in the first direction (E) of the space (230) surrounded by the spacer (210). The second partition wall (260) is joined to the spacer (210) and the passage member (220) so as to close the other side (E2) in the first direction (E) of the space (230) surrounded by the spacer (210). The first partition wall (250) and the second partition wall (260) are each joined to a first stack (100) adjacent to each other in the first direction (E). With the above-described configuration, the space (230) surrounded by the spacer (210) is closed by the first partition wall (250) and the second partition wall (260), which are components of the second stack (200), without using the first stack (100). Therefore, the second refrigerant passage (240) can be formed using only the components of the second stack (200).

[0102] Seventh Embodiment A second modification of the second stack (200) will be described.

[0103] In the first to sixth embodiments, the spacer (210) of the second stack (200) is composed of a plurality of members (first spacer (211) and second spacer (212)). However, the present invention is not limited to this. The spacer (210) may be composed of a single member. Below, a configuration for forming the spacer (210) from a single member will be described.

[0104] The spacer (210) includes a first spacer (211), a second spacer (212), a third spacer (213), and a fourth spacer (214). The first spacer (211), the second spacer (212), the third spacer (213), and the fourth spacer (214) are connected in a ring shape in the order of the first spacer (211), the fourth spacer (214), the second spacer (212), and the third spacer (213). The third spacer (213) is connected to an end portion of the first spacer (211) on one side (F1) in the second direction (F) and an end portion of the second spacer (212) on one side (F1) in the second direction (F). The fourth spacer (214) is connected to the end portion (F2) of the first spacer (211) on the other side in the second direction (F) and the end portion (F2) of the second spacer (212) on the other side in the second direction (F). As shown in Figures 9 and 17, the second refrigerant sent through the third pipe (P21) is sent to the second refrigerant passage (240) so as to bypass the fourth spacer (214). The second refrigerant passing through the second refrigerant passage (240) is sent to the fourth pipe (P31) so as to bypass the third spacer (213) and is discharged from the fourth pipe (P31).

[0105] Eighth Embodiment A modified example of the passage member (220) will be described.

[0106] As shown in Figures 18(a) to 18(c), the passage member (220) may have a triangular, trapezoidal, or round shape when viewed from the extension direction of the second refrigerant passage (240) (second direction (F)). As shown in Figure 18(a), the triangular shape is a shape in which each of the peaks (221) and valleys (222) of the passage member (220) is bent at one location. As shown in Figure 18(b), the trapezoidal shape is a shape in which each of the peaks (221) and valleys (222) of the passage member (220) is bent at two locations. As shown in Figure 18(c), the round shape is a shape in which a plurality of cylindrical members (223) are arranged in a direction (third direction (G)) perpendicular to the extension direction of the second refrigerant passage (240). In this case, adjacent cylindrical members (223) may be connected to each other, or adjacent cylindrical members (223) may be separated from each other.

[0107] Although the embodiments and modifications have been described above, it will be understood that various modifications of form and details are possible without departing from the spirit and scope of the claims (for example, (1) to (2) below). Furthermore, the above embodiments, modifications, and other embodiments may be combined or substituted as appropriate as long as the functionality of the subject matter of the present disclosure is not impaired.

[0108] (1) An example of the hydraulic diameter (D1) of the first refrigerant passage (110) and the hydraulic diameter (D2) of the second refrigerant passage in the first to eighth embodiments will be described. The hydraulic diameter (D2) of the second refrigerant passage (240) may be larger than the hydraulic diameter (D1) of the first refrigerant passage (110). For example, the hydraulic diameter (D1) of the first refrigerant passage (110) is 0.15 mm or more and 1.5 mm or less, and the hydraulic diameter (D2) of the second refrigerant passage (240) is 0.15 mm or more and 3.0 mm or less. This allows heat exchange between the first refrigerant and the second refrigerant to be performed using a smaller amount of the first refrigerant relative to the amount of the second refrigerant.

[0109] (2) When producing the first stack (100), the material of the first stack (100) may be processed by etching, pressing, laser processing, cutting, or sintering to form the first refrigerant passages (110). Also, when producing the second stack (200), the material of the second stack (200) may be processed by etching, pressing, laser processing, cutting, or sintering to form the second refrigerant passages (240).

[0110] (3) In the first to fourth embodiments, the first stack body is formed of a plurality of stacked plate members, and the first refrigerant passage (110) is a hole penetrating the object formed of the plurality of plate members. In the first embodiment, the plurality of plate members are formed of a first plate member (120) and a second plate member (130); in the second embodiment, the plurality of plate members are formed of a first plate member (120a) and a second plate member (130a); in the third embodiment, the plurality of plate members are formed of a first plate member (120b), a second plate member (130b), and a third plate member (140b); and in the fourth embodiment, the plurality of plate members are formed of a first plate member (150), a second plate member (160), and a fourth plate member (170). However, the present invention is not limited to this. The first stack body (100) may be formed of a single plate member (plate-shaped member), and the first refrigerant passage (110) may be a hole penetrating the single plate member.

[0111] The above-mentioned descriptions such as "first," "second," "third," etc. are used to distinguish the words to which these descriptions are attached, and do not limit the number or order of the words.

[0112] As described above, the present disclosure is useful for heat exchangers and methods for manufacturing heat exchangers.

[0113] REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 heat exchanger 100 first laminate 110 first refrigerant passage 120, 120a, 120b, 150 first plate portion 130, 130a, 130b, 160 second plate portion 200 second laminate 210 spacer 220 passage member 230 space 240 second refrigerant passage

Claims

1. A refrigerant cooling device comprising: a first stack (100) in which a first refrigerant passage (110) for supplying a first refrigerant is formed; and a second stack (200) in which a second refrigerant passage (240) for supplying a second refrigerant is formed, wherein the first stack (100) includes a plurality of plate portions stacked along a stacking direction (E), and the plurality of plate portions include first plate portions (120, 120a, 120b, 150) located closest to one side (E1) in the stacking direction (E), and second plate portions (130, 130a, 130b, 160) located closest to the other side (E2) in the stacking direction (E), the first refrigerant passage (110) being a void space formed between the first plate portions (120, 120a, 120b, 150) and the second plate portions (130, 130a, 130b, 160), and the second stack (200) includes: a spacer (210); and a passage member (220) that is placed in a space (230) surrounded by the spacer (210) and that divides the space (230) so that the second refrigerant passage (240) is formed in the space (230), wherein the first stacks (100) and the second stacks (200) are alternately stacked along the stacking direction (E), and each of the first plate portions (120, 120a, 120b, 150) and the second plate portions (130, 130a, 130b, 160) is in contact with the first refrigerant passage (110) and is in contact with the second refrigerant passage (240) of the second stack (200) adjacent to the first stacking direction (E).

2. A heat exchanger as described in claim 1, wherein the passage member (220) of the second stack (200) is directly joined to the second plate portion (130, 130a, 130b, 160) of the first stack (100) adjacent to the one side (E1) and to the first plate portion (120, 120a, 120b, 150) of the first stack (100) adjacent to the other side (E2).

3. A heat exchanger according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the first plate portion (120) includes a first opposing surface (121), the second plate portion (130) includes a second opposing surface (131) opposing the first opposing surface (121), the first opposing surface (121) includes a first joint surface (124) and a first groove (123) recessed relative to the first joint surface (124), the second opposing surface (131) includes a second joint surface (134) joining to the first joint surface (124) and a second groove (133) recessed relative to the second joint surface (134), and an internal space of the first groove (123) and an internal space of the second groove (133) communicate with each other and form the first refrigerant passage (110).

4. The heat exchanger according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the first plate portion (120a) includes a third opposing surface (121a), the second plate portion (130a) includes a fourth opposing surface (131a) opposing the third opposing surface (121a), one of the third opposing surface (121a) and the fourth opposing surface (131a) includes: a third joining surface (124a, 134a) joined to the other opposing surface of the third opposing surface (121a) and the fourth opposing surface (131a), and a third groove (123a, 133a) recessed into the third joining surface (124a, 134a), and an internal space of the third groove (123a, 133a) forms the first refrigerant passage (110).

5. The plurality of plate portions include a third plate portion (140b) provided between the first plate portion (120b) and the second plate portion (130b), a fifth opposing surface (121b) of the first plate portion (120b) opposing the third plate portion (140b) includes a fourth joining surface (124b) joined to the third plate portion (140b) and a fourth groove (123b) recessed into the fourth joining surface (124b), and a sixth opposing surface (131b) of the second plate portion (130b) opposing the third plate portion (140b) includes a fifth joining surface (134b) joined to the third plate portion (140b) and a fifth groove (133b) recessed into the fifth joining surface (134b), 3. The heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein a communication hole (143b) communicating with the fourth groove (123b) and the fifth groove (133b) is formed in the third plate portion (140b), and an internal space of the fourth groove (123b), an internal space of the fifth groove (133b), and an internal space of the communication hole (143b) form the first refrigerant passage (110).

6. A heat exchanger as claimed in claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the plurality of plate portions include a fourth plate portion (170) provided between the first plate portion (150) and the second plate portion (160), wherein a hole (173) is formed in the fourth plate portion (170) and passes through the fourth plate portion (170) along the stacking direction (E) of the plurality of plate portions, and wherein an internal space of the hole (173) serves as the first refrigerant passage (110).

7. The heat exchanger according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the first stack (100) includes opposing surfaces (122, 132, 122a, 132a, 122b, 132b, 151, 161) that face the second stack (200), and the spacers (210) and the passage members (220) of the second stack (200) are joined to the opposing surfaces (122, 132, 122a, 132a, 122b, 132b, 151, 161).

8. A heat exchanger according to claim 7, wherein a sixth groove (180) is formed in the opposing surface (122, 132, 122a, 132a, 122b, 132b, 151, 161).

9. The heat exchanger according to claim 8, wherein the passage member (220) includes a protruding portion (221, 222) that protrudes toward the opposing surface (122, 132, 122a, 132a, 122b, 132b, 151, 161), and the protruding portion (221, 222) is disposed in the sixth groove (180).

10. A heat exchanger according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the hydraulic diameter (D1) of the first refrigerant passage (110) is 0.15 mm or more and 1.5 mm or less, and the hydraulic diameter (D2) of the second refrigerant passage (240) is 0.5 mm or more and 3.0 mm or less.

11. A method for manufacturing a heat exchanger, comprising: forming a first stack (100) having a first refrigerant passage (110) for supplying a first refrigerant; forming a second stack (200) having a second refrigerant passage (240) for supplying a second refrigerant; and stacking the first stack (100) and the second stack (200) alternately along a stacking direction (E), wherein the first stack (100) includes a plurality of plate portions stacked along the stacking direction (E), and the plurality of plate portions include first plate portions (120, 120a, 120b, 150) located closest to one side (E1) in the stacking direction (E) and second plate portions (130, 130a, 130b, 160) located closest to the other side (E2), the first refrigerant passage (110) is a space formed between the first plate portion (120, 120a, 120b, 150) and the second plate portion (130, 130a, 130b, 160), and the second stack (200) includes: a spacer (210); and a passage member (220) that is placed in a space (230) surrounded by the spacer (210) and that separates the space (230) so that the second refrigerant passage (240) is formed in the space (230), each of the first plate portions (120, 120a, 120b, 150) and the second plate portions (130, 130a, 130b, 160) is in contact with the first refrigerant passage (110) and is in contact with the second refrigerant passage (240) of the second stack (200) adjacent to the second stack (200) in the stacking direction (E).

12. A method for manufacturing a heat exchanger as described in claim 11, comprising a step of processing the material of the first laminate (100) so as to form the first refrigerant passage (110) by etching, pressing, laser processing, cutting, or sintering.

13. A method for manufacturing a heat exchanger as described in claim 11 or claim 12, comprising a step of processing the material of the second laminate (200) so as to form the second refrigerant passage (240) by etching, pressing, laser processing, cutting, or sintering.

14. A method for manufacturing a heat exchanger according to any one of claims 11 to 13, comprising a step of joining the first laminate (100) and the second laminate (200) by diffusion bonding or brazing.

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