Virtual power plant aggregation management platform system and apparatus, and networking method

Abstract

The present application provides a virtual power plant aggregation management platform system and apparatus, and a networking method. The system comprises a user login module, an overview interface module, a device management module, a blockchain data aggregation and on-chain recording module, an energy trading module, a smart contract management module, and a personal information module.

Description

A virtual power plant aggregation management platform system, device and networking method

[0001] Cross-reference to Related Applications

[0002] The present application claims priority to the Chinese patent application No. 202410860160.7, filed on June 28, 2024, and entitled "A virtual power plant aggregation management platform system, device and networking method", the content of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. TECHNICAL FIELD

[0003] The present application relates to the technical field of virtual power plants, and in particular to a virtual power plant aggregation management platform system, a virtual power plant aggregation management device and a networking method. BACKGROUND

[0004] To alleviate the imbalance between power supply and demand, more effectively absorb renewable energy and improve intelligent power consumption, large-scale flexible resources such as adjustable load, distributed power and energy storage can be configured through virtual power plants. However, although virtual power plants have developed rapidly in recent years, they are still difficult to truly popularize due to the small scale of individual resources and the high threshold for accessing virtual power plants.

[0005] The aggregator user in the virtual power plant refers to a management user who owns individual resources, which can control the access to each specific device terminal and can also control the access to secondary agents, and then aggregate these resources and access the virtual power plant. However, in actual operation, there are still problems such as confidence in accessing massive basic data, security of device management, communication delay and network security, which make it difficult for ordinary aggregator users to smoothly access the virtual power plant, thereby limiting the widespread application of virtual power plants. SUMMARY

[0006] To overcome the above problems or at least partially solve one of the above problems, embodiments of the present application provide a virtual power plant aggregation management platform system, a virtual power plant aggregation management device and a networking method.

[0007] Embodiments of the first aspect of the present application provide a virtual power plant aggregation management platform system, comprising:

[0008] A user login module for verifying the identity of an aggregator user and controlling the management authority of the aggregator user according to the identity of the aggregator user;

[0009] An overview interface module for displaying comprehensive operation data of virtual power plants to which the aggregator user has management authority;

[0010] The device management module is configured to manage the energy devices and the aggregation controllers in the virtual power plant, including viewing, adding, deleting, and checking the energy devices and the aggregation controllers;

[0011] The blockchain data aggregation and chaining module is configured to form a Merkle tree by hashing the power data of the energy devices in the virtual power plant, chain the root node hash value of the Merkle tree and the storage path of the power data for storage, and store the power data in the blockchain.

[0012] The energy transaction module is configured to process power transactions between virtual power plants or within a virtual power plant.

[0013] The smart contract management module is configured to display historical execution data of the blockchain smart contract.

[0014] The personal information module is configured to manage the identity information, blockchain wallet, and user score of the aggregator, as well as the aggregation controller information and corresponding blockchain number bound to the aggregator.

[0015] In some embodiments, the aggregation controller includes an edge computing module, and the device management module is further configured to perform identity checking on the edge computing module according to the IP of the edge computing module and the blockchain light node key when the edge computing module requests access to the blockchain and communication.

[0016] In some embodiments, the device management module is further configured to bind the IP of the edge computing module to the MAC address of the edge computing module and generate a blockchain light node key for the added edge computing module when adding the energy devices and the aggregation controllers to the virtual power plant managed by the aggregator, and the blockchain light node key serves as the unique credential for the edge computing module to access the blockchain, and the IP of the edge computing module serves as the unique identification address of the edge computing module in the 5G slice communication network.

[0017] In some embodiments, the blockchain data aggregation and chaining module is further configured to store the power data in the form of key-value pairs after Base64 encoding, calculate the hash value of each key-value pair as a leaf node of the Merkle tree to obtain the Merkle tree, and chain the root node hash value of the Merkle tree for storage.

[0018] The embodiment of the second aspect of the application also provides a virtual power plant aggregation management device, comprising a virtual power plant group, each virtual power plant group comprising at least one virtual power plant and having a corresponding virtual power plant group dispatching center aggregator, and each virtual power plant comprising an energy equipment and an aggregation controller; the aggregation controller is configured to manage at least one independent energy equipment and / or a virtual power plant of a secondary agent aggregator user, collect and aggregate power data of the independent energy equipment and / or power data of the energy equipment in the virtual power plant of the secondary agent aggregator user, and plan and execute intelligent scheduling of power, and report the aggregated power data and the formulated day-ahead output plan to the virtual power plant group dispatching center aggregator; and the virtual power plant group dispatching center aggregator is configured to access a dispatching center of a power grid, report the power data and the day-ahead output plan reported by the aggregation controller to the dispatching center of the power grid, and execute a power dispatching instruction to distribute a power aggregation task.

[0019] In some embodiments, the aggregation controller comprises: a 5G communication module configured to provide a communication channel for the aggregation controller, and interact with the energy equipment and the virtual power plant group dispatching center aggregator; an intelligent scheduling module configured to predict future output power of the energy equipment in the virtual power plant, formulate a day-ahead output plan based on the predicted future output power of the energy equipment, and report the day-ahead output plan to the virtual power plant group dispatching center aggregator and schedule the energy equipment according to the power aggregation task distributed by the virtual power plant group dispatching center aggregator; a blockchain trusted transaction module configured to process power transactions between or within the virtual power plants based on a blockchain; and an edge computing module configured to collect and aggregate power data of the independent energy equipment and / or power data of the energy equipment in the virtual power plant of the secondary agent aggregator user, and provide computing power for power scheduling and power transactions.

[0020] The embodiment of the third aspect of the application also provides a networking method applied to a virtual power plant aggregation management device, comprising:

[0021] When the virtual power plant aggregation management device establishes a 5G network connection, a two-way authentication mechanism is used for two-way identity authentication to protect the security of the virtual power plant aggregation management device;

[0022] A GRE tunnel is established between a user plane protocol gateway UPF of a 5G operator room and an aggregator user intranet server, so that the virtual power plant aggregation management device communicates with the aggregator user intranet server through the GRE tunnel; and

[0023] A 5G air interface base station performs encryption processing and integrity verification on transmission data through an encryption algorithm and an integrity algorithm, so as to guarantee data confidentiality and transmission completeness.

[0024] The embodiments of the fourth aspect of the application also provide a networking method, applied to a virtual power plant aggregation management device, comprising:

[0025] When the virtual power plant aggregation management device establishes a 5G network connection, a two-way authentication mechanism is used for two-way identity verification to protect the security of the virtual power plant aggregation management device.

[0026] A virtual power plant aggregation management platform system is constructed on a high-performance aggregation terminal server, so that the virtual power plant aggregation management device directly communicates with an aggregator user intranet server; and

[0027] The 5G air interface base station encrypts and verifies the transmission data by using an encryption algorithm and an integrity algorithm, so as to guarantee data confidentiality and transmission completeness.

[0028] In some embodiments, a GRE tunnel is established between a user plane protocol gateway UPF of a 5G operator room and an aggregator user intranet server, so that the virtual power plant aggregation management device communicates with the aggregator user intranet server through the GRE tunnel, comprising: a GRE tunnel is established between the user plane protocol gateway UPF of the 5G operator room and the aggregator user intranet server to form a wide-area local-area network, so that the virtual power plant aggregation management device communicates with the aggregator user intranet server through a transmission bearer network accessing a user plane protocol gateway UPF of a core network; the transmission bearer network has a three-level equal protection authentication; the user plane protocol gateway UPF of the core network is deployed with a high-performance firewall; and the wide-area local-area network controls the reachability of the aggregator user intranet server and the direct communication authority between nodes by setting a routing strategy and a firewall strategy.

[0029] In some embodiments, when the virtual power plant aggregation management device establishes a 5G network connection, a two-way authentication mechanism is used for two-way identity verification to protect the security of the virtual power plant aggregation management device, comprising: the 5G communication module of the aggregation controller performs two-way authentication with the 5G network to ensure the communication security between the aggregation controller and the 5G network.

[0030] In some embodiments, a GRE tunnel is established between a user plane protocol gateway UPF of a 5G operator room and an aggregator user intranet server to form a wide-area local-area network, comprising: a dedicated 5G network slice is allocated for the virtual power plant aggregation management device, and an IoT card IP is allocated for each virtual power plant aggregation management device in the dedicated 5G network slice; and a GRE tunnel is established between the user plane protocol gateway UPF of the 5G operator room and the aggregator user intranet server, and the GRE tunnel and the dedicated 5G network slice form a wide-area local-area network. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0031] FIG. 1 is a structural block diagram of a virtual power plant aggregation management platform system according to an embodiment of the application;

[0032] Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a Merkle tree calculation provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0033] Fig. 3 is a structural block diagram of a virtual power plant aggregation management platform system provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0034] Fig. 4 is a simple connection topology diagram of an "A" virtual power plant aggregation management device provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0035] Fig. 5 is a step flow chart of a networking method provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0036] Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a service networking scheme provided by an embodiment of the present application. Embodiments of the present application

[0037] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0038] Referring to Fig. 1, a structural block diagram of a virtual power plant aggregation management platform system provided by an embodiment of the present application is shown, which can specifically include the following modules:

[0039] A user login module for verifying the identity of an aggregator user and controlling the management authority of the aggregator user according to the identity of the aggregator user;

[0040] An overview interface module for showing the comprehensive operation data of the virtual power plant to which the aggregator user has the management authority;

[0041] A device management module for managing the energy devices and aggregation controllers in the virtual power plant, including the viewing, adding, deleting and checking of the energy devices and aggregation controllers;

[0042] A blockchain data aggregation and on-chain module for forming a Merkle tree through hash calculation of the power data of the energy devices in the virtual power plant, and on-chain storage and evidence of the root node hash value of the Merkle tree and the storage path of the power data;

[0043] An energy transaction module for processing the power transaction between or within the virtual power plants;

[0044] An intelligent contract management module for showing the historical execution data of the blockchain intelligent contract;

[0045] A personal information module for managing the identity information of the aggregator user, the blockchain wallet, the aggregator user score, and the aggregation controller information and the corresponding blockchain number bound by the aggregator user.

[0046] The virtual power plant aggregation management platform system of the embodiments of the present application is mainly used for managing the aggregation of a virtual power plant, including the access of new devices, the management of accessed devices, the storage and on-chain storage of device data, the transaction of power energy, and the like, and realizes efficient management of the virtual power plant based on the blockchain technology and the 5G slice network technology, and improves data transparency and operation safety.

[0047] The blockchain is a new data structure formed by sequentially linking data blocks, each node of which can realize the connection, sending and verification of transactions. The blockchain is also called a distributed shared ledger, as a digital system of accounting records, which realizes transaction records by using specific mathematical rules to prevent interference and tampering. The application of the blockchain technology can provide a transparent, efficient and secure transaction platform for the virtual power plant VPP. This is embodied in the following aspects:

[0048] 1. Based on the time sequence storage characteristics of the blockchain, the transaction parties and transmission path information of each transaction record are stored, so that the platform storage data has traceability and verifiability, reducing the risk of data loss and attack.

[0049] 2. Based on the encryption algorithm of asymmetric cryptography, the data cannot be tampered with and forged, ensuring the security and reliability of the blockchain data, and realizing the trustless process of data interaction.

[0050] 3. Based on the decentralization characteristics of the blockchain, the VPP can realize a new business model. Each node can act as an energy producer and consumer, and can participate in energy transactions through a P2P network without the need for a third-party organization or central management agency, and further through the automatic generation of smart contracts, more active and efficient use of resources can be realized.

[0051] 4. Based on the security consensus, commercial mutual trust, secure transaction, smart contract, traceability technology, cross-chain, on-chain asset generation and management characteristics of the blockchain, the VPP can be more autonomous and controllable, and the safety is strengthened.

[0052] Specifically, the virtual power plant aggregation management platform system can include a user login module, an overview interface module, a device management module, a blockchain data aggregation on-chain module, an energy transaction module, a smart contract management module, and a personal information module.

[0053] The user login module is the entrance of the virtual power plant aggregation management platform system, responsible for verifying the identity of the aggregator user, and assigning corresponding management permissions according to the identity of the user, ensuring the security of the system and realizing access control of data.

[0054] The overview interface module displays the comprehensive operation data of the virtual power plant that the aggregator user has the management right. Through this interface, the aggregator user can view the overall key data of the virtual power plant at a glance, including but not limited to power generation, energy consumption, equipment status and other key data, which helps overall operation management and global decision-making.

[0055] The device management module is responsible for comprehensive management of energy devices and aggregation controllers in the virtual power plant, including viewing, adding, deleting, auditing and verifying of energy devices and aggregation controllers, realizing efficient management of energy devices and aggregation controllers, and ensuring normal operation of energy devices and aggregation controllers.

[0056] The blockchain data aggregation and on-chain module is responsible for forming a Merkle tree through hash calculation of the power data of the energy devices in the virtual power plant, and on-chain storage of the root node hash value of the Merkle tree and the local storage path of the power data, to ensure the credibility, transparent disclosure and traceability of the power data.

[0057] The energy transaction module can handle power transactions between virtual power plants, and can also handle power transactions within a virtual power plant, i.e. power transactions between energy devices within a virtual power plant, to realize optimized utilization of internal and external power resources of the virtual power plant, provide a safe transaction environment for both parties, and ensure the transparency and compliance of the transaction.

[0058] The smart contract management module displays the historical data of the smart contract during execution, providing evidence support for the automation and fairness of contract execution.

[0059] The personal information module manages the identity information, blockchain wallet, user score, etc. of the aggregator user, builds a comprehensive digital identity system for the aggregator user, and manages the aggregation controller information and corresponding blockchain number bound by the aggregator user, to ensure the association of the aggregator user and the aggregation controller, and also realize data security and privacy protection through blockchain number association.

[0060] In general, the virtual power plant aggregation management platform system of the embodiments of the present application provides protection for ordinary individuals and small aggregator users to safely access the virtual power plant, supports fast and efficient aggregation control and power transactions of the virtual power plant, and realizes credible, transparent and traceable massive data of energy devices through blockchain technology.

[0061] In an embodiment of the present application, the aggregation controller includes an edge computing module, and the device management module is further configured to perform identity verification on the edge computing module according to the Internet of Things card IP and blockchain light node key of the edge computing module of the aggregation controller when the edge computing module requests access to the blockchain and communication.

[0062] In the embodiments of the application, the aggregation controller can include an edge computing module, and the device management module of the virtual power plant aggregation management platform system performs specific identity verification when the edge computing module attempts to access the blockchain and communicate, to ensure that only authorized edge computing modules can access the blockchain and communicate.

[0063] Specifically, when the edge computing module requests access to the blockchain and communication, i.e., the device management module receives an access request from the edge computing module, the edge computing module's IoT card IP and blockchain light node key can be extracted from the request, and these information can be compared with the pre-stored legal IoT card IP and blockchain light node key of the edge computing module. If the extracted information matches the pre-stored legal information, the device management module considers the edge computing module to be legal and allows it to access the blockchain and communicate. If they do not match, the device management module rejects the access request and may record a security event for subsequent analysis.

[0064] The device management module uses the IoT card IP based on the 5G slicing technology to slice the network resource allocation to verify the identity of the edge computing module in combination with the blockchain light node key, to ensure that only legal devices can access data exchange and blockchain interaction, thereby enhancing the security of the system and preventing unauthorized devices from accessing the system. The overall security of the system is enhanced through a strict identity verification mechanism. The edge computing module uses the light node key to access the blockchain network, and the light node design reduces the demand for storage and computing resources. Even in limited network conditions, the edge computing module can maintain communication with the blockchain network, perform data chaining, transaction verification, and other operations, thereby providing strong technical support for the efficient and secure operation of the virtual power plant.

[0065] In an embodiment of the present application, the device management module is further configured to bind the IoT card IP to the MAC address of the edge computing module and generate a blockchain light node key for the added edge computing module when adding an energy device and an aggregation controller to the virtual power plant managed by the aggregator user.

[0066] The device management module can manage the energy devices and aggregation controllers of the virtual power plant. When a new energy device or aggregation controller needs to be added to the virtual power plant managed by the aggregator user, the device management module binds the IoT card IP to the MAC address of the edge computing module and generates a blockchain light node key.

[0067] Specifically, the device management module first allocates an IoT card IP to the newly added aggregation controller edge computing module. This IP address is assigned based on 5G slicing technology and is used to uniquely identify the edge computing module in the 5G slicing communication network. By customizing the network slice, the edge computing module can enjoy stable and efficient network connection in the 5G slicing communication network, thereby ensuring the stable operation and secure communication of the virtual power plant. At the same time, the device management module obtains the MAC address of the edge computing module and binds it with the IoT card IP. This binding ensures the uniqueness of the device at the physical and logical levels and facilitates subsequent management and tracking.

[0068] In order to enable the edge computing module to securely access the blockchain network and participate in data interaction, the device management module generates a blockchain light node key for each newly added edge computing module. This light node key is the unique credential for the edge computing module to access the blockchain and is used for identity verification and data signature in the blockchain network. The generation of the light node key can follow a secure cryptographic algorithm to ensure its complexity and unpredictability.

[0069] By binding the IoT card IP with the MAC address and generating the blockchain light node key, the device management module ensures the security and traceability of the edge computing module. Any attempt to access the blockchain or communicate without authorization will be rejected or recorded, thereby improving the security of the entire system. When the edge computing module attempts to access the blockchain or communicate, the device management module verifies the validity of its IoT card IP and blockchain light node key. Only modules that pass these verifications can be allowed to access the system and participate in data interaction.

[0070] In an embodiment of the present application, the blockchain data aggregation and on-chain module is further used to Base64 encode the power data as a key-value pair, calculate the hash value of each key-value pair as a leaf node of a Merkle tree, obtain a Merkle tree, and store the root node hash value of the Merkle tree on the chain for evidence.

[0071] Blockchain on-chain technology can be divided into Hash on-chain, unstructured on-chain, and structured on-chain according to the on-chain content.

[0072] 1. Hash on-chain: a way of on-chain storage that calculates the hash of the original data and stores the hash for evidence, thereby locking the content. Its characteristics are small data size and low cost;

[0073] 2. Unstructured on-chain: a way of on-chain storage that directly stores unstructured data (a paragraph, a document, …) for evidence; its characteristics are large data size, high cost, and high difficulty of automatic processing; (for example, the release of contract files);

[0074] 3. Structured data on-chain: a way to directly store structured data as a whole on-chain; its characteristics are large data volume, high cost, and easy automation.

[0075] In practical applications, the raw data volume of the underlying energy equipment accessed is often too large, such as each energy storage power station containing one or more battery charging and discharging units, and each unit being composed of many battery packs in series, and each battery pack containing many cell data. For such a large number of second-level sampling data, due to the limitation of the blockchain network consensus and period, it is obviously impossible to directly store each frame of data on the blockchain. Therefore, in this application, a Hash locking tree construction scheme based on the principle of blockchain is proposed, which uses a blockchain data structure for data encapsulation and locking, and can finally lock each block hash on the chain.

[0076] Specifically, referring to FIG. 2, for the processing of the massive data of the equipment in the virtual power plant, the embodiments of the present application propose a Hash locking tree construction scheme based on the principle of blockchain (i.e., a data level indentation on-chain scheme of the Merkle tree). In the embodiments of the present application, the blockchain data aggregation on-chain module is designed to efficiently process power data, ensuring the openness, transparency, security, reliability, and traceability of the data. First, the blockchain data aggregation on-chain module encodes the power data in Base64 and stores it in the form of key-value pairs. Next, the blockchain data aggregation on-chain module calculates the hash value of each key-value pair and uses these hash values as the leaf nodes of the Merkle tree, making it possible to efficiently perform insertion, lookup, and deletion operations. This structure ensures that any change in data will be reflected in the root hash of the tree, thereby ensuring the data's tamper resistance. Then, the blockchain data aggregation on-chain module stores the root node hash of the Merkle tree on-chain. This scheme not only reduces the cost of directly storing raw data on the blockchain, but also ensures the integrity and traceability of the data. Finally, the return information of the database record on-chain is used as the entry point for querying the original data in the backend. In this way, when the original data needs to be queried, the data can be quickly located and obtained through the distributed storage network of the blockchain.

[0077] In addition, the process of generating the Merkle tree at each step will also store the data evenly on other nodes in the network through the distributed storage of the blockchain, so that if the data of a single node device is lost, it can be provided by other devices. To alleviate the local disk pressure of the aggregator device, the data files of the previous N days can also be compressed and stored, and to trace this part of the data, it can be automatically decompressed.

[0078] Through the above scheme, the data is aggregated, and the final result data required for aggregation is of a smaller order of magnitude. For example, for a storage station, only some summary data such as total power and SOC are required, and finally, the data is uploaded to the blockchain through a common uploading method. In this way, the data is transparent and open, meets certain data durability and fault tolerance, and can be traced through the blockchain at any time to ensure the credibility of the underlying massive data.

[0079] In summary, the virtual power plant aggregation management platform system of the present application provides protection for ordinary individuals and small aggregators to safely access virtual power plants, supports fast and efficient aggregation control and power trading of virtual power plants, and realizes credible, transparent, and traceable massive data of energy equipment through blockchain technology. In addition, the edge computing module is authenticated using the Internet of Things card IP combined with the blockchain light node key, ensuring that only legal devices can access data exchange and blockchain interaction, enhancing the security of the system. Based on 5G slicing technology, a network slice is customized for each edge computing module to allocate a fixed Internet of Things card IP and bind it with the edge computing module MAC address, ensuring that the edge computing module enjoys stable and efficient network connection in the 5G slicing communication network, thereby ensuring the stable operation and secure communication of the virtual power plant.

[0080] Referring to FIG. 3, a structural block diagram of a virtual power plant aggregation management device provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown, which can specifically include the following modules:

[0081] The aggregation controller is configured to manage at least one independent energy equipment and / or a virtual power plant of a secondary agent aggregator user, collect and aggregate power data of the independent energy equipment and / or power data of energy equipment in the virtual power plant of the secondary agent aggregator user, and plan and execute intelligent scheduling of power, communicate with the virtual power plant group dispatching center aggregator to report the aggregated power data and the formulated day-ahead output plan.

[0082] The virtual power plant group dispatching center aggregator is configured to access a dispatching center of a power grid, aggregate the power data and the day-ahead output plan reported by the aggregation controller and report to the dispatching center of the power grid, and execute a power dispatching instruction to distribute a power aggregation task.

[0083] In an embodiment of the present application, the virtual power plant aggregation management device exhibits a multi-level and hierarchical management system from the underlying energy equipment to the virtual power plant group dispatching center, effectively integrating and optimizing the management and scheduling of distributed energy resources. In general, the virtual power plant aggregation management device can include virtual power plant groups, each virtual power plant group can include at least one virtual power plant and has a corresponding virtual power plant group dispatching center aggregator, and each virtual power plant can include energy equipment and an aggregation controller.

[0084] Specifically, energy devices include but are not limited to solar photovoltaic panels, air conditioners, water heaters, energy storage power stations, etc. These devices are the basic constituent units of virtual power plants, responsible for actual energy production or consumption.

[0085] The underlying energy devices can be a whole of independent single energy devices, or a plurality of energy devices managed by a secondary proxy aggregator user. These multiple energy devices are elements of the virtual power plant constituting the secondary proxy aggregator user, and the virtual power plant of the secondary proxy aggregator user represents a smaller scale energy aggregator, which can be operated by individuals, small businesses or other organizations. They also manage a series of energy devices and interact with the upper aggregator or dispatch center through the aggregation controller.

[0086] The intermediate layer aggregation controller is a key link between the upper and lower layers. The aggregation controller not only directly manages the energy devices connected to it, collects and aggregates power data of each energy device, but also communicates with the secondary proxy aggregator to collect power data of the energy devices managed by the secondary proxy aggregator, integrates the energy data reported by the secondary proxy aggregator, and realizes preliminary aggregation and processing of data. Further based on the collected real-time data, intelligent scheduling of electricity is planned and executed, including optimization according to demand prediction and resource availability. Communicate with the virtual power plant group dispatch center aggregator at the top layer to report aggregated power data and formulated day-ahead output plan.

[0087] The top layer virtual power plant group dispatch center aggregator serves as an interface with the external grid dispatch center. It is responsible for reporting the power data and day-ahead output plan of the entire virtual power plant group to the grid dispatch center, and realizing collaborative operation with the large power grid. And receive the instructions of the grid dispatch center, according to the actual demand of the grid, decompose and distribute the power aggregation task to the lower aggregation controller, realize power dispatching and balancing.

[0088] As an example of an embodiment of the present application, referring to FIG. 4, a virtual power plant aggregation management device of an aggregator user relies on a main body named "A", which directly manages (connects) one air conditioner, one water heater, one energy storage power station and one secondary proxy aggregator. There are also assets under the secondary proxy aggregator, which means that the aggregator user has been created and has created "photovoltaic" and "office building air conditioner" devices after logging in to the platform. Finally, the "A" virtual power plant aggregation management device reports all resources to the upper layer after aggregation.

[0089] The structure of the virtual power plant aggregation management device of the embodiments of the present application allows autonomous addition or removal of individual energy equipment, aggregation controllers, and even entire virtual power plant groups, adapting to dynamic changes in the energy market. And hierarchical management promotes efficient aggregation and processing of data, and intelligent scheduling can be implemented at various levels to ensure efficient operation of the overall energy system. Overall, the virtual power plant aggregation management device of the embodiments of the present application can integrate dispersed energy resources into a unified virtual power plant, and then form a larger virtual power plant group, effectively participate in energy market transactions and scheduling, and provide protection for ordinary individuals and small aggregators to safely access virtual power plants, supporting fast and efficient aggregation control and power trading of virtual power plants.

[0090] In an embodiment of the present application, the aggregation controller comprises:

[0091] A 5G communication module is configured to provide a communication channel for the aggregation controller to interact with the energy equipment and the virtual power plant group scheduling center aggregator.

[0092] An intelligent scheduling module is configured to predict the future output power of the energy equipment in the virtual power plant, and to formulate a day-ahead output plan based on the predicted future output power of the energy equipment, and to report the day-ahead output plan to the virtual power plant group scheduling center aggregator and to schedule the energy equipment according to the power aggregation task assigned by the virtual power plant group scheduling center aggregator.

[0093] A blockchain trusted transaction module is configured to process power transactions between or within virtual power plants based on a blockchain.

[0094] An edge computing module is configured to collect and aggregate power data of independent energy equipment and / or power data of energy equipment in the virtual power plant of the secondary agent aggregator user, and to provide computing power for power scheduling and power trading.

[0095] The aggregation controller in the embodiments of the present application integrates blockchain technology and 5G slicing network technology, promoting the intelligence, efficiency and credibility of the virtual power plant. Specifically, the aggregation controller includes a 5G communication module, an intelligent scheduling module, a blockchain trusted transaction module, an edge computing module, and other modules.

[0096] The 5G communication module is responsible for providing high-speed, low-latency communication channels for the aggregation controller, ensuring real-time and reliable communication with energy devices, secondary agent aggregators, and virtual power plant group dispatch center aggregators. Through 5G slicing network technology, network slices are customized to ensure stable and efficient network connections for each aggregation controller in the 5G slicing communication network, thereby ensuring the stable operation and secure communication of the virtual power plant. Through the 5G network, the aggregation controller can quickly respond to various power dispatch instructions and maintain close contact with other devices or systems, ensuring the accuracy of power data and the effectiveness of power dispatch.

[0097] The intelligent scheduling module integrates advanced prediction algorithms and optimization strategies, enabling it to predict the future output power of energy devices in the virtual power plant. Based on the predicted energy device output power, the intelligent scheduling module can plan detailed day-ahead output plans and allocate power aggregation tasks according to the instructions of the virtual power plant group dispatch center aggregator.

[0098] The blockchain trusted transaction module uses blockchain technology to handle power transactions between virtual power plants or within virtual power plants, ensuring the safety, transparency, and traceability of transactions. The blockchain trusted transaction module also supports the deployment and execution of smart contracts, enabling automatic execution of power transaction protocols, reducing human intervention and errors, and improving transaction efficiency.

[0099] The edge computing module is responsible for collecting and aggregating data from energy devices, secondary agent aggregators, and other sources, providing powerful computing capabilities for power dispatch and power transactions. The edge computing module transfers part of the computing tasks from the cloud to the device end for execution, reducing the time delay of data transmission to the cloud for processing and improving response speed, which is particularly important for virtual power plant environments that require immediate response. Through the edge computing module, the aggregation controller can more quickly analyze power data, calculate output plans, and respond to various power demands and changes in real time. Specifically, the edge computing module binds the MAC address with the IoT card IP and is configured with a blockchain light node key. Under the condition that the IoT card IP and blockchain light node key of the edge computing module pass the verification, the edge computing module can access the blockchain and communication for data aggregation, power dispatch, and power transactions.

[0100] Through the coordinated work of these four modules, the aggregation controller can achieve efficient management, intelligent scheduling, and trusted transactions of the vast amount of data in the virtual power plant and virtual power plant.

[0101] In summary, the structure of the virtual power plant aggregation management device of the embodiments of the present application allows autonomous addition or removal of individual energy devices, aggregation controllers, and even entire virtual power plant groups, adapting to the dynamic changes of the energy market. Hierarchical management promotes efficient aggregation and processing of data, and intelligent scheduling can be implemented at various levels to ensure efficient operation of the overall energy system. Overall, the virtual power plant aggregation management device of the embodiments of the present application can integrate dispersed energy resources into a unified virtual power plant, and then form a larger virtual power plant group, effectively participating in energy market transactions and scheduling, providing protection for ordinary individuals and small aggregators to access virtual power plants safely, and supporting fast and efficient aggregation control and power trading of virtual power plants. The virtual power plant realizes efficient management, intelligent scheduling, and trusted trading of energy devices and massive data in the virtual power plant through the aggregation controller.

[0102] Referring to FIG. 5, a step flowchart of a networking method provided in the embodiments of the present application is shown, which can specifically include the following steps:

[0103] Step 501, when the virtual power plant aggregation management device establishes a 5G network connection, a two-way authentication mechanism is used for two-way identity verification to protect the security of the virtual power plant aggregation management device;

[0104] Step 502, a GRE tunnel is established between the user plane protocol gateway UPF of the 5G operator room and the aggregator user intranet server, so that the virtual power plant aggregation management device communicates with the aggregator user intranet server through the GRE tunnel; or, a virtual power plant aggregation management platform system is constructed on a high-performance aggregation terminal server, so that the virtual power plant aggregation management device directly communicates with the aggregator user intranet server;

[0105] Step 503, the 5G air interface base station encrypts the transmission data and performs integrity verification through encryption algorithms and integrity algorithms, to ensure data confidentiality and transmission completeness.

[0106] The networking method designed for the virtual power plant aggregation management device in the embodiments of the present application is an important security protection measure to ensure data security and communication reliability from the terminal to the core network. In the networking design of the virtual power plant aggregation management device, a two-way authentication mechanism is introduced, so that when the 5G network connection is established, the virtual power plant aggregation management device and the network are subjected to two-way identity verification, ensuring that only authenticated devices can communicate, effectively preventing potential network attacks and data leaks.

[0107] Secondly, for the communication between the virtual power plant aggregation management device and the aggregator user intranet server, GRE tunnel communication or direct communication can be used. The GRE tunnel technology establishes a secure communication channel between the user plane protocol gateway UPF in the 5G operator room and the aggregator user intranet server. The GRE tunnel ensures the security and privacy of data during transmission by encapsulating the original IP packet, and ensures the integrity and reliability of data even in complex network environment. Direct communication is to build a virtual power plant aggregation management platform system on a high-performance aggregation terminal server. The high-performance aggregation terminal server is usually equipped with high-speed, stable network communication interface and secure communication environment, so that the virtual power plant aggregation management platform system based on the high-performance aggregation terminal server has strong communication capability, and then the virtual power plant aggregation management device can directly communicate with the aggregator user intranet server without the need of GRE tunnel. Then the network security is mainly the security level of the operator 5G, because the external network cannot be accessed, and the communication needs to be cracked, which means that the server of the operator needs to be attacked. The server of the operator usually has a high security level, including strict access control, encrypted transmission and real-time monitoring, so as to greatly reduce the security risk.

[0108] In terms of 5G air interface base station, advanced encryption algorithm and integrity algorithm are used to encrypt the transmitted data and verify the integrity, so as to ensure the confidentiality of data in wireless transmission process, and also ensure the integrity and accuracy of data, effectively prevent data from being tampered or stolen.

[0109] In general, the networking method of the embodiment of the application provides a comprehensive security protection strategy for the virtual power plant aggregation management device. By introducing the bidirectional authentication mechanism, using the GRE tunnel technology or building the virtual power plant aggregation management platform system on the high-performance aggregation terminal server, using the advanced encryption algorithm and integrity algorithm to ensure data security and communication security, the stable operation of the virtual power plant is ensured.

[0110] In an embodiment of the application, a GRE tunnel is established between the user plane protocol gateway UPF in the 5G operator room and the aggregator user intranet server, so that the virtual power plant aggregation management device communicates with the aggregator user intranet server through the GRE tunnel, comprising:

[0111] A GRE tunnel is established between the user plane protocol gateway UPF in the 5G operator room and the aggregator user intranet server to form a wide area local area network, so that the virtual power plant aggregation management device communicates with the aggregator user intranet server through the user plane protocol gateway UPF of the transmission bearer network accessing the core network. The transmission bearer network has three-level network security protection authentication. The user plane protocol gateway UPF of the core network is deployed with a high-performance firewall.

[0112] The wide-area local-area network controls the reachability of the aggregator user intranet server and the direct communication authority between nodes by setting a routing strategy and a firewall strategy.

[0113] Embodiments of the present application utilize 5G slicing technology and GRE (Generic Routing Encapsulation) tunnel technology to build a wide-area "local-area network" applied to a virtual power plant aggregation management device, greatly improving the communication efficiency and security between the virtual power plant aggregation management device and the aggregator user intranet server.

[0114] Specifically, referring to FIG. 6, a wide-area "local-area network" is composed of 5G slicing technology and GRE tunnel, and each virtual power plant aggregation management device is fixedly assigned a private IoT card IP address. The intranet server can serve as a common business platform and a central node database, and establishes a GRE tunnel with the UPF of the operator room, so that the terminal can enter the core network UPF through the transmission network and communicate with the intranet server. Among them, the transmission bearer network has a three-level network security protection certification; the user plane protocol gateway UPF of the core network is deployed with a high-performance firewall. The wide-area local-area network further sets a routing strategy and a firewall strategy to effectively control which intranet servers are reachable and which nodes can be directly reached.

[0115] In general, by establishing a GRE tunnel, the virtual power plant aggregation management device can cross geographical restrictions and realize real-time communication with the aggregator user intranet server, thereby realizing efficient and secure aggregation management of virtual power plants.

[0116] In an embodiment of the present application, when the virtual power plant aggregation management device establishes a 5G network connection, a two-way authentication mechanism is used for two-way identity verification to protect the security of the virtual power plant aggregation management device, including:

[0117] The 5G communication module of the aggregation controller performs two-way authentication with the 5G network to ensure the security of communication between the aggregation controller and the 5G network.

[0118] The virtual power plant aggregation management device can include an aggregation controller, and the aggregation controller includes a 5G communication module. To ensure the security of the connection between the aggregation controller and the 5G network, the 5G communication module of the aggregation controller can perform two-way authentication with the 5G network. Meanwhile, the virtual power plant group dispatching center aggregator and the 5G network can also perform two-way authentication, and the aggregation controller and the virtual power plant group dispatching center aggregator can also implement two-way authentication to ensure the security of internal communication of the virtual power plant group. Among them, this two-way authentication can be based on digital certificate authentication, can be based on pre-shared key authentication, or can be a combination of digital certificate and pre-shared key authentication to improve the security and flexibility of authentication.

[0119] In an embodiment of the present application, a GRE tunnel is established between a user plane protocol gateway UPF in a 5G operator room and an aggregator user intranet server, and the GRE tunnel and the dedicated 5G network slice form a wide-area local-area network.

[0120] A dedicated 5G network slice is allocated for the virtual power plant aggregation management device, and an IoT card IP is allocated for each virtual power plant aggregation management device in the dedicated 5G network slice.

[0121] A GRE tunnel is established between a user plane protocol gateway UPF in a 5G operator room and an aggregator user intranet server, and the GRE tunnel and the dedicated 5G network slice form a wide-area local-area network.

[0122] In an embodiment of the present application, in order to realize efficient and secure communication between the virtual power plant aggregation management device and the aggregator user intranet server, a dedicated 5G network slice is allocated for the virtual power plant aggregation management device, ensuring that the virtual power plant aggregation management device has independent network resources, improving communication efficiency and security. In the dedicated 5G network slice, a private IoT card IP address is allocated for each virtual power plant aggregation management device, so that each device has a unique identity in the network. At the same time, a GRE tunnel is established between a user plane protocol gateway (UPF) in a 5G operator room and an aggregator user intranet server, and the GRE tunnel and the dedicated 5G network slice jointly build a wide-area local-area network environment. Through this wide-area local-area network, the virtual power plant aggregation management device can easily access the user plane protocol gateway UPF of the core network through the transmission bearer network, and then perform efficient data transmission and communication with the aggregator user intranet server.

[0123] In summary, the networking method of the embodiment of the present application provides a comprehensive security protection strategy for the virtual power plant aggregation management device. By introducing a two-way authentication mechanism, using GRE tunnel technology or building a virtual power plant aggregation management platform system on a high-performance aggregation terminal server, using advanced encryption algorithms and integrity algorithms to ensure data security and communication security, and providing protection for the stable operation of the virtual power plant. By establishing a GRE tunnel, the virtual power plant aggregation management device can cross geographical restrictions and realize real-time communication with the aggregator user intranet server, thereby realizing efficient and secure aggregation management of the virtual power plant.

[0124] It should be noted that for the method embodiments, in order to simply describe, they are all described as a series of action combinations, but those skilled in the art should know that the embodiments of the present application are not limited by the order of the described actions, because according to the embodiments of the present application, certain steps can be performed in other orders or simultaneously. Secondly, those skilled in the art should know that the embodiments described in the specification are all preferred embodiments, and the actions involved are not necessarily required by the embodiments of the present application.

[0125] Each of the embodiments in the specification is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the difference from other embodiments, and the same or similar parts between the embodiments can be referred to each other.

[0126] Those skilled in the art should understand that the embodiments of the present application can be provided as a method, device, system. Therefore, the embodiments of the present application can adopt a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects.

[0127] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described, those skilled in the art can understand that various changes, modifications, replacements and variations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and purposes of the present application, and the scope of the present application is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

[0128] Finally, it should also be noted that in this paper, relationship terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between the entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "contain" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that the process, method, article or terminal device including a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not explicitly listed, or includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or terminal device. Without more limitation, the element defined by the statement "including a" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or terminal device including the element.

[0129] The above describes in detail the virtual power plant aggregation management platform system, device and networking method provided by the present application. The principles and implementation modes of the present application are described by applying specific examples. The above embodiment description is only used to help understand the method and core idea of the present application; at the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present application, the specific implementation mode and application range will be changed; in view of the above, the content of the specification should not be understood as a limitation of the present application. The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments for fully illustrating the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art can make equivalent replacements or changes on the basis of the present application, and all within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A virtual power plant aggregation management platform system, comprising: The user login module is used to verify the identity of aggregator users and control their management permissions based on their identity. The overview interface module is used to display the comprehensive operation data of virtual power plants that aggregator users have management permissions for; The equipment management module is used to manage energy equipment and aggregation controllers within the virtual power plant, including viewing, adding, deleting, and verifying energy equipment and aggregation controllers. The blockchain data aggregation and on-chain module is used to generate Merkle trees from the power data of energy equipment in the virtual power plant through hash calculation, and to store the root node hash value of the Merkle tree and the storage path of the power data on the blockchain for evidence. The energy trading module is used to process electricity transactions between or within virtual power plants. The smart contract management module is used to display the historical execution data of blockchain smart contracts; and The personal information module is used to manage the identity information, blockchain wallet, aggregator user rating, and the aggregation controller information and corresponding blockchain number bound to the aggregator user.

2. A virtual power plant aggregation management platform system according to claim 1, wherein, The aggregation controller includes an edge computing module. The device management module is also used to verify the identity of the edge computing module based on the IoT card IP of the edge computing module and the blockchain light node key when the edge computing module requests access to the blockchain and communication.

3. The virtual power plant aggregation management platform system according to claim 2, wherein, The device management module is also used to bind the IoT card IP and the MAC address of the edge computing module when adding energy devices and aggregation controllers to the virtual power plant where the aggregator user has management authority, and to generate a blockchain light node key for the added edge computing module. The blockchain light node key serves as the unique credential for the edge computing module to access the blockchain, and the IoT card IP serves as the unique identifier address of the edge computing module in the 5G slice communication network.

4. The virtual power plant aggregation management platform system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein, The blockchain data aggregation and on-chain module is also used to Base64 encode the power data into key-value pairs, calculate the hash value of each key-value pair as the leaf node of the Merkle tree to obtain the Merkle tree, and put the hash value of the root node of the Merkle tree on the blockchain for evidence storage.

5. A virtual power plant aggregation management device, comprising a virtual power plant group, wherein, Each virtual power plant group includes at least one virtual power plant and has a corresponding virtual power plant group dispatch center aggregator. Each virtual power plant includes energy equipment and aggregator controller. The aggregation controller is used to manage at least one independent energy device and / or a virtual power plant of a secondary agent aggregator user, and to collect and aggregate power data of independent energy devices and / or power data of energy devices in the virtual power plant of a secondary agent aggregator user, as well as to plan and execute intelligent power dispatch, communicate with the aggregator of the virtual power plant group dispatch center to report aggregated power data and the formulated day-ahead output plan; as well as The virtual power plant cluster dispatch center aggregator is used to connect to the dispatch center of the power grid, aggregate the power data reported by the aggregation controller and the day-ahead output plan reported to the power grid, and execute power dispatch instructions to allocate power aggregation tasks.

6. The virtual power plant aggregation management device according to claim 5, wherein, The aggregation controller includes: The 5G communication module is used to provide a communication channel for the aggregation controller to interact with energy equipment and the aggregator in the virtual power plant cluster dispatch center; The intelligent scheduling module is used to predict the future power output of energy equipment in the virtual power plant, formulate the day-ahead power output plan based on the predicted future power output of energy equipment, report the day-ahead power output plan to the aggregator of the virtual power plant group scheduling center, and schedule energy equipment according to the power aggregation tasks assigned by the aggregator of the virtual power plant group scheduling center. A blockchain-based trusted transaction module is used to process electricity transactions between or within virtual power plants based on blockchain technology; and The edge computing module is used to collect and aggregate power data from independent energy devices and / or power data from energy devices in virtual power plants of secondary agent aggregator users, and to provide computing power for power dispatch and power trading.

7. A networking method applied to a virtual power plant aggregation management device, comprising: When establishing a 5G network connection with the virtual power plant aggregation management device, a two-way authentication mechanism is used to perform two-way identity verification in order to protect the security of the virtual power plant aggregation management device. Establish a GRE tunnel between the user plane protocol gateway (UPF) in the 5G operator's data center and the aggregator's user intranet server, so that the virtual power plant aggregation management device can communicate with the aggregator's user intranet server through the GRE tunnel; or, build a virtual power plant aggregation management platform system on a high-performance aggregation terminal server, so that the virtual power plant aggregation management device can communicate directly with the aggregator's user intranet server. as well as 5G air interface base stations use encryption and integrity algorithms to encrypt and verify the integrity of transmitted data, ensuring data confidentiality and transmission integrity.

8. The networking method according to claim 7, wherein, Establishing a GRE tunnel between the user plane protocol gateway (UPF) in the 5G operator's equipment room and the aggregator's user intranet server, enabling the virtual power plant aggregation management device to communicate with the aggregator's user intranet server through the GRE tunnel, including: A GRE tunnel is established between the user plane protocol gateway (UPF) in the 5G operator's equipment room and the aggregator's user intranet server to form a wide area network (WAN). This enables the virtual power plant aggregation management device to communicate with the aggregator's user intranet server via the transmission bearer network accessing the core network's user plane protocol gateway (UPF). The transmission bearer network has Level 3 security certification. A high-performance firewall is deployed on the core network's user plane protocol gateway (UPF). The wide area network (WAN) controls the reachability of aggregator users' internal network servers and the direct communication permissions between nodes by setting routing and firewall policies.

9. The networking method according to claim 7 or 8, wherein, When establishing a 5G network connection, a two-way authentication mechanism is used to protect the security of the virtual power plant aggregation management device, including: The aggregation controller's 5G communication module performs two-way authentication with the 5G network to ensure secure communication between the aggregation controller and the 5G network.

10. The networking method according to claim 8 or 9, wherein, A GRE tunnel is established between the user plane protocol gateway (UPF) in the 5G operator's data center and the aggregator's user intranet server to form a wide area network (WAN), including: Allocate dedicated 5G network slices to virtual power plant aggregation management devices, and assign IoT SIM card IPs to each virtual power plant aggregation management device within the dedicated 5G network slices; and A GRE tunnel is established between the user plane protocol gateway (UPF) in the 5G operator's data center and the aggregator's user intranet server. The GRE tunnel and the dedicated 5G network slice form a wide area local area network.

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