Signal transmission method and apparatus

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of communications. Provided are a signal transmission method and apparatus, which are used for reducing or even eliminating correlation sidelobes of an antenna while reducing pilot overheads, so as to realize good channel estimation performance. The method comprises: a communication device acquiring a first pilot array pair corresponding to a first antenna of the communication device, wherein the first pilot array pair comprises two first pilot arrays; the communication device mapping the first pilot array pair to a pilot region pair of a delay-Doppler domain and mapping a first data signal to a data region of the delay-Doppler domain, so as to obtain a delay-Doppler domain signal of the first antenna, wherein the pilot region pair comprises two pilot regions, and the two pilot regions are mapped one-to-one to the two first pilot arrays; and the communication device sending a first transmission signal, wherein the first transmission signal is obtained by means of the communication device processing the delay-Doppler domain signal of the first antenna.

Description

A signal transmission method and device

[0001] The present application claims priority to the Chinese Patent Application No. 202410847355.8, filed on June 26, 2024, and entitled "A signal transmission method and device", the content of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. TECHNICAL FIELD

[0002] The present application relates to the technical field of wireless communication, and in particular to a signal transmission method and device. BACKGROUND

[0003] When facing time-varying multipath channels, the channel estimation performance of the Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) technology will be greatly reduced due to the influence of subcarrier offset. In order to solve this problem, the Orthogonal Time Frequency Space (OTFS) technology can be used to convert the time-varying multipath channel to the Delay-Doppler (DD) domain shown in FIG. 1 for processing, and the channel on the DD is a stationary channel that does not change with time.

[0004] At present, the embedded pilot structure is widely used in OTFS, and the embedded pilot structure is mainly divided into: the pulse pilot scheme as shown in FIG. 2, the sequence pilot scheme as shown in FIG. 3 and the array pilot scheme as shown in FIG. 4. The pulse pilot scheme refers to a scheme using a single pulse pilot as a pilot. The sequence pilot scheme refers to a scheme using a sequence pilot as a pilot. The array pilot scheme uses a two-dimensional array as a pilot. In order to avoid the mutual interference between data and pilots, a guard interval is usually set around the pilot to avoid the mutual interference between data and pilots.

[0005] In the multi-antenna scene, the above three pilot schemes are limited by fixed pilot overhead or mutual / correlation sidelobes. In the multi-antenna scene with fixed pilot overhead, these shortcomings result in a significant decline in channel estimation performance. SUMMARY

[0006] The application provides a signal transmission method and device, which solve how to reduce or eliminate the correlation sidelobes of antennas while saving the pilot overhead, so as to realize good channel estimation performance.

[0007] To solve the above technical problems, the embodiments of the application adopt the following technical solutions:

[0008] In a first aspect, the embodiments of the application provide a signal transmission method, which comprises: a communication device acquires a first pilot array pair corresponding to a first antenna of the communication device, the first pilot array pair comprising two first pilot arrays; the communication device maps the first pilot array pair to a pilot region pair in a time-delay-Doppler domain and maps a first data signal to a data region in the time-delay-Doppler domain, to obtain a time-delay-Doppler domain signal of the first antenna; wherein the pilot region pair comprises two pilot regions; the two pilot regions are in one-to-one mapping relationship with the two first pilot arrays; and the communication device sends a first transmission signal, which is obtained by processing the time-delay-Doppler domain signal of the first antenna by the communication device.

[0009] In the embodiments of the application, the pilots of any antenna adopt the form of pilot array pair, for example, the first antenna adopts the first pilot array pair, and then the first pilot array pair comprising two first pilot arrays is mapped to a pilot region pair in the time-delay-Doppler domain, and by adopting the two first pilot arrays, the autocorrelation sidelobes of antennas can be reduced or eliminated.

[0010] The embodiments of the application provide a signal transmission method, which adopts pilot array pair as the pilot of an antenna, and one pilot array pair comprises two pilot arrays. Since the sending signal passes through a channel, the receiving signal at the receiving end can be regarded as the shift of the sending signal, and the estimation channel can be estimated by using the aperiodic correlation function, so that adopting the pilot array pair with good aperiodic correlation as the pilot of an antenna can eliminate the cross-correlation sidelobes between antennas, in addition, the design idea of adopting the pilot array pair can also eliminate the autocorrelation sidelobes between the same antenna, in addition, the pilot array pairs of different antennas have the same position in the time-delay-Doppler domain in the multi-antenna scene, so that the pilot overhead will not increase with the increase of the number of antennas, so the scheme provided by the embodiments of the application can also save the pilot overhead, so as to realize good channel estimation performance.

[0011] In a possible implementation, the communication device also has a second antenna, and the method provided by the embodiment of the application further includes: the communication device acquires a second pilot array pair corresponding to the second antenna, the second pilot array pair including two second pilot arrays; the first pilot array pair and the second pilot array pair are different pilot array pairs; the communication device maps the second pilot array pair to a pilot region pair and maps a second data signal to a data region to obtain a time-delay-Doppler domain signal of the second antenna; the two pilot regions are in one-to-one mapping with the two second pilot arrays. The communication device transmits a second transmission signal obtained by processing the time-delay-Doppler domain signal of the second antenna.

[0012] In the embodiment of the application, in the scenario where the sending device has multiple antennas, the second pilot array pair of the second antenna of the communication device is mapped to a pilot region pair in the time-delay-Doppler domain, and because the pilot array pairs of different antennas in the multiple antennas are all mapped to the same pilot region pair, that is, the positions of the pilots on different antennas in the time-delay-Doppler domain are the same, the pilot overhead does not increase with the number of antennas, and thus the purpose of reducing the pilot overhead is achieved. In addition, the pilot of any antenna in the form of a pilot array pair can also reduce the correlation sidelobes between antennas.

[0013] In a possible implementation, the communication device has one or more antennas, the first antenna is any one of the one or more antennas, and the first pilot array pair satisfies the following requirements:

[0014] wherein x1 and x2 respectively represent a first pilot array of size N p ×M p , v represents a shift in the Doppler domain, τ represents a shift in the time-delay domain, represents a non-periodic autocorrelation function of the first pilot array x1, represents a non-periodic autocorrelation function of the first pilot array x2.

[0015] When the pilot array pair of any antenna in the communication device satisfies the above requirements, it can be ensured that the sum of the non-periodic autocorrelation functions of the pilot array pair is an impulse function, and thus the autocorrelation sidelobes of the antenna can be reduced or even eliminated.

[0016] In a possible implementation, the communication device has multiple antennas, the multiple antennas include a first antenna and a second antenna, the first antenna and the second antenna are any two antennas in the multiple antennas, and the first pilot array pair and the second pilot array pair satisfy the following requirements:

[0017] wherein, respectively represent an identifier of the first antenna and an identifier of the second antenna, denotes one of the second pair of pilot arrays of the second antenna, denotes the other of the second pair of pilot arrays of the second antenna, denotes one of the first pair of pilot arrays of the first antenna, denotes the other of the first pair of pilot arrays of the first antenna, denotes the aperiodic cross-correlation function of one of the pilot arrays of the first antenna and one of the pilot arrays of the second antenna, denotes the aperiodic cross-correlation function of the other of the pilot arrays of the first antenna and the other of the pilot arrays of the second antenna.

[0018] When the communication device is a multi-antenna device, the pair of pilot arrays between any two antennas satisfying the above requirements can make the cross-correlation function between the two antennas be zero or close to zero, thereby reducing or even eliminating the cross-correlation sidelobes between the antennas.

[0019] When i=j, the essence is the sum of the autocorrelation functions.

[0020] In a possible implementation, the first pair of pilot arrays is a Golay complementary array pair GCAP, and the two first pilot arrays in the GCAP satisfy the following requirements:

[0021] wherein A and B respectively denote two pilot arrays of size N p ×M p , v denotes a shift in the Doppler domain, τ denotes a shift in the time delay domain, ρ A (v, τ) denotes the aperiodic autocorrelation function of the pilot array A, and ρ B (v, τ) denotes the aperiodic autocorrelation function of the pilot array B.

[0022] In a single-antenna scenario, it is only necessary to ensure that the aperiodic autocorrelation function of the array pair is an impulse function. Therefore, selecting the GCAP as the pilot array pair of the single antenna can reduce the autocorrelation sidelobes of the antenna.

[0023] In a possible implementation, the communication device has a plurality of antennas, the plurality of antennas includes a first antenna and a second antenna, the first antenna and the second antenna are any two antennas in the plurality of antennas, the first pair of pilot arrays is a first GCAP, the second pair of pilot arrays is a second GCAP, and the first GCAP and the second GCAP are mutually orthogonal in pairs.

[0024] In the multi-antenna scenario, it is essential to consider the cross-correlation of the pilot array pair between different antennas. According to the design criterion of the pilot array pair, ideally, the cross-correlation sidelobe of the pilot array pair is zero. Therefore, mutually orthogonal GCAPs can be used as the pilot array pair of two antennas respectively.

[0025] In a possible implementation, the first GCAP and the second GCAP satisfy the following conditions:

[0026] ρ A,C (v,τ) + ρ B,D (v,τ) = 0, where A, B represent two pilot arrays of the first GCAP, C, D represent two pilot arrays of the second GCAP, v represents a shift in the Doppler domain, τ represents a shift in the time delay domain, and ρ A,C (v,τ) represents the non-periodic cross-correlation function of the pilot array A and the pilot array C, ρ B,D (v,τ) represents the non-periodic cross-correlation function of the pilot array B and the pilot array D.

[0027] In a possible implementation, the communication device has one or more antennas, and the pilot array pair of any antenna is selected from the array pair set The array pair set For a Z-complementary array pair set ZCAPS with a parameter (K, L1, L2, Z1, Z2), the array pair set The size of any array pair in the array pair set is L1×L2, And respectively represent two pilot arrays in the pilot array pair of the kth antenna, and K represents the number of antennas of the communication device, where

[0028] where v represents a shift in the Doppler domain, and τ represents a shift in the time delay domain. represents the non-periodic function of one pilot array in the pilot array pair of the k1th antenna and one pilot array in the pilot array pair of the k2th antenna. represents the non-periodic function of the other pilot array in the pilot array pair of the k1th antenna and the other pilot array in the pilot array pair of the k2th antenna.

[0029] In a possible implementation, The parameters in satisfy the following requirement: KZ1Z2≤2(L1+Z1-1)(L2+Z2-1).

[0030] In a possible implementation, the parameters (K, L1, L2, Z1, Z2) of ZCAPS satisfy:

[0031] In a possible implementation, the communication device has multiple antennas, and the multiple antennas use pilot array pairs selected from A is a parameter for ZCAPS, where n, m represent two positive integers, and π and σ are permutations of the sets {1, 2,..., m} and {1, 2,..., n}, respectively.

[0032] In a possible implementation, the delay-Doppler domain further includes a guard interval region. The guard interval region includes a first guard interval region and / or a second guard interval region, and the guard interval region maps a signal of null. The first guard interval region is located between the pilot array pair and the data region. In this way, interference between the data and the two pilot arrays can be avoided. The second guard interval region is located between the two pilot regions. The second guard interval region is configured to avoid interference between the two pilot arrays.

[0033] In a possible implementation, the first guard interval region has a size of at least 4k v along the Doppler axis of the delay-Doppler domain and a size of at least 3l τ along the delay axis of the delay-Doppler domain, where k v represents a maximum Doppler shift offset, and l τ represents a maximum multipath delay offset. The second guard interval region has a size of at least 4k v × l τ .

[0034] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a signal transmission method, including: receiving, by a communication device, a first transmission signal, the first transmission signal being obtained by processing a delay-Doppler domain signal of a first antenna; the delay-Doppler domain signal of the first antenna including a first pilot array pair mapped to a pilot region pair of a delay-Doppler domain and a first data signal mapped to a data region of the delay-Doppler domain, the pilot region pair including two pilot regions, and the two pilot regions being in one-to-one mapping with two first pilot arrays included in the first pilot array pair; and performing, by the communication device, channel estimation according to the delay-Doppler domain signal of the first antenna and the first pilot array pair to obtain the first data signal.

[0035] In a possible implementation, the method provided by the embodiment of the present application further includes: the communication device receives a second transmission signal, the second transmission signal being obtained by processing a time-delay-Doppler domain signal of a second antenna. The time-delay-Doppler domain signal of the second antenna includes: a second pilot array pair mapped to a pilot region pair and a second data signal mapped to a data region, the first pilot array pair and the second pilot array pair being different; and the communication device performs channel estimation according to the time-delay-Doppler domain signal of the second antenna and the second pilot array pair to obtain the second data signal.

[0036] It can be understood that the second pilot array pair and the requirements that the first pilot array pair needs to meet in the second aspect can refer to the description in the first aspect, which will not be repeated here.

[0037] In a third aspect, the embodiment of the present application provides a wireless communication device, which can implement the method in the first aspect or any possible implementation manner of the first aspect, and thus can also achieve the beneficial effects of the first aspect or any possible implementation manner of the first aspect. The wireless communication device can be a sending device, or a device supporting the sending device to implement the method in the first aspect or any possible implementation manner of the first aspect, such as a chip applied to the sending device. The wireless communication device can implement the above method by software, hardware, or by executing corresponding software by hardware.

[0038] As an example, the wireless communication device can include a processing unit and a communication unit, wherein the communication unit is configured to perform the receiving / transmitting related steps performed by the sending device in the first aspect or any possible implementation manner of the first aspect. The processing unit is configured to perform the processing related steps performed by the sending device in the first aspect or any possible implementation manner of the first aspect.

[0039] For example, the wireless communication device includes: a processing unit configured to obtain a first pilot array pair corresponding to a first antenna, the first pilot array pair including two first pilot arrays. The processing unit is further configured to map the first pilot array pair to a pilot region pair in a time-delay-Doppler domain and map a first data signal to a data region in the time-delay-Doppler domain to obtain a time-delay-Doppler domain signal of the first antenna. The pilot region pair includes: two pilot regions; and the two pilot regions are one-to-one mapped to the two first pilot arrays. A communication unit is configured to transmit a first transmission signal, the first transmission signal being obtained by processing the time-delay-Doppler domain signal of the first antenna by the communication device.

[0040] In a possible implementation, the communication device further has a second antenna, and the processing unit is further configured to: obtain a second pilot array pair corresponding to the second antenna, the second pilot array pair including two second pilot arrays; the first pilot array pair and the second pilot array pair are different pilot array pairs; map the second pilot array pair to the pilot region pair and map the second data signal to the data region to obtain a time-delay-Doppler domain signal of the second antenna; and the two pilot regions are in one-to-one mapping with the two second pilot arrays. The communication unit is further configured to send a second transmission signal obtained by processing the time-delay-Doppler domain signal of the second antenna.

[0041] In a possible implementation, the communication device has one or more antennas, and the first antenna is any one of the one or more antennas, and the first pilot array pair satisfies the following requirements:

[0042] wherein x1 and x2 respectively represent a first pilot array of size N p ×M p , ν represents a shift in the Doppler domain, τ represents a shift in the time-delay domain, represents a non-periodic autocorrelation function of the first pilot array x1, represents a non-periodic autocorrelation function of the first pilot array x2.

[0043] In a possible implementation, the communication device has a plurality of antennas, and the plurality of antennas includes a first antenna and a second antenna, the first antenna and the second antenna are any two of the plurality of antennas, and the first pilot array pair and the second pilot array pair satisfy the following requirements:

[0044] wherein, represent an identifier of the first antenna and an identifier of the second antenna respectively, represents one pilot array of the second pilot array pair of the second antenna, represents another pilot array of the second pilot array pair of the second antenna, represents one pilot array of the first pilot array pair of the first antenna, represents another pilot array of the first pilot array pair of the first antenna, represents a non-periodic cross-correlation function of one pilot array of the first antenna and one pilot array of the second antenna, represents a non-periodic cross-correlation function of another pilot array of the first antenna and another pilot array of the second antenna. The size of any pilot array is N p ×M p .

[0045] When the communication device is a multi-antenna device, the pilot array pair between any two antennas satisfying the above requirement can make the cross-correlation function between the two antennas be zero or close to zero, thereby reducing or even eliminating the cross-correlation sidelobe between the antennas.

[0046] When i=j, the essence is the sum of the autocorrelation functions.

[0047] In a possible implementation, the first pilot array pair is a Golay complementary array pair GCAP, and the two first pilot arrays in the GCAP satisfy the following requirements:

[0048] wherein A and B represent two pilot arrays of size N p ×M p , v represents a shift in the Doppler domain, τ represents a shift in the time delay domain, ρ A (v,τ) represents the aperiodic autocorrelation function of the pilot array A, and ρ B (v,τ) represents the aperiodic autocorrelation function of the pilot array B.

[0049] In a possible implementation, the communication device has a plurality of antennas, the plurality of antennas includes a first antenna and a second antenna, the first antenna and the second antenna are any two antennas in the plurality of antennas, the first pilot array pair is a first GCAP, the second pilot array pair is a second GCAP, and the first GCAP and the second GCAP are mutually orthogonal in pairs.

[0050] In the multi-antenna scenario, it is crucial to consider the cross-correlation of the pilot array pair between different antennas. According to the design criteria of the pilot array pair, ideally, the cross-correlation sidelobe of the pilot array pair is zero. Therefore, mutually orthogonal GCAPs can be used as the pilot array pair of two antennas.

[0051] In a possible implementation, the first GCAP and the second GCAP satisfy the following conditions:

[0052] ρ A,C (v,τ)+ρ B,D (v,τ)=0, wherein A and B represent two pilot arrays of the first GCAP, C and D represent two pilot arrays of the second GCAP, v represents a shift in the Doppler domain, τ represents a shift in the time delay domain, ρ A,C (v,τ) represents the aperiodic cross-correlation function of the pilot array A and the pilot array C, and ρ B,D (v,τ) represents the aperiodic cross-correlation function of the pilot array B and the pilot array D.

[0053] In a possible implementation, the communication device has one or more antennas, and the pilot array pair of any antenna is selected from the array pair set Array pair set For a Z-complementary array pair set ZCAPS with parameters (K, L1, L2, Z1, Z2), the array pair set The size of any array pair in and respectively represent two pilot array pairs in the kth antenna, K represents the number of antennas of the communication device.

[0054] wherein,

[0055] wherein, v represents the shift in Doppler domain, and τ represents the shift in time delay domain.

[0056] In a possible implementation, The parameters in satisfy the following requirements: KZ1Z2≤2(L1+Z1-1)(L2+Z2-1).

[0057] In a possible implementation, the parameters (K, L1, L2, Z1, Z2) of ZCAPS satisfy:

[0058] In a possible implementation, the communication device has a plurality of antennas, and the pilot array pairs used by the plurality of antennas are selected from A is a ZCAPS with parameters wherein, n and m represent two positive integers, and π and σ are permutations of the sets {1, 2,..., m} and {1, 2,..., n} respectively.

[0059] In a possible implementation, the time delay-Doppler domain further includes a guard interval region. The guard interval region includes a first guard interval region and / or a second guard interval region, and the signal mapped by the guard interval region is empty. The first guard interval region is located between the pilot region pair and the data region. In this way, interference between the data and the pilot can be avoided. The second guard interval region is located between two pilot regions.

[0060] In a possible implementation, the size of the first guard interval region along the Doppler axis of the time delay-Doppler domain is at least 4k v , and the size along the time delay axis of the time delay-Doppler domain is at least 3l τ , wherein k v represents the maximum Doppler shift offset, and l τ represents the maximum multipath time delay offset. The size of the second guard interval region is at least 4k v ×l τ .

[0061] For example, when the wireless communication device is a chip or a chip system in a transmitting device, the processing unit can be a processor, and the communication unit can be a communication interface. The communication interface can be an input / output interface, a pin, a circuit, or the like. The processing unit executes instructions stored in the storage unit, so that the transmitting device implements a signal transmission method described in the first aspect or any possible implementation of the first aspect. The storage unit can be a storage unit (e.g., a register, a cache, or the like) in the chip, or a storage unit (e.g., a read-only memory, a random access memory, or the like) outside the chip in the transmitting device.

[0062] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a wireless communication device, which can implement the method in the second aspect or any possible implementation of the second aspect, and thus can achieve the beneficial effects of the second aspect or any possible implementation of the second aspect. The wireless communication device can be a receiving device, or a device that supports the receiving device to implement the method in the first aspect or any possible implementation of the first aspect, such as a chip applied to the receiving device. The wireless communication device can implement the above method by software, hardware, or by executing corresponding software by hardware.

[0063] As an example, the wireless communication device can include a processing unit and a communication unit. The communication unit is configured to perform the receiving / transmitting related steps performed by the receiving device in the second aspect or any possible implementation of the second aspect. The processing unit is configured to perform the processing related steps performed by the receiving device in the second aspect or any possible implementation of the second aspect.

[0064] For example, the communication unit is configured to receive a first transmission signal, and the first transmission signal is obtained by processing a time-delay-Doppler domain signal of a first antenna. The time-delay-Doppler domain signal of the first antenna includes a first pilot array pair mapped to a pilot region pair in a time-delay-Doppler domain, and a first data signal mapped to a data region in the time-delay-Doppler domain. The pilot region pair includes two pilot regions, and the two pilot regions are one-to-one mapped to two first pilot arrays included in the first pilot array pair. The processing unit is configured to perform channel estimation according to the time-delay-Doppler domain signal of the first antenna and the first pilot array pair, to obtain the first data signal.

[0065] In a possible implementation, the communication unit is further configured to receive a second transmission signal, the second transmission signal being processed from a time-delay-Doppler domain signal of a second antenna. The time-delay-Doppler domain signal of the second antenna includes a second pilot array pair mapped to a pilot region pair and a second data signal mapped to a data region, the first pilot array pair and the second pilot array pair being different. The processing unit is further configured to perform channel estimation according to the time-delay-Doppler domain signal of the second antenna and the second pilot array pair to obtain the second data signal.

[0066] For example, when the wireless communication apparatus is a chip or a chip system in a receiving device, the processing unit can be a processor, and the communication unit can be a communication interface, such as an input / output interface, a pin, or a circuit. The processing unit executes instructions stored in the storage unit, so that the transmitting device implements the signal transmission method described in the second aspect or any possible implementation of the second aspect. The storage unit can be a storage unit (e.g., a register, a cache, or the like) in the chip, or a storage unit (e.g., a read-only memory, a random access memory, or the like) outside the chip in the receiving device.

[0067] In a fifth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer program product including instructions, which, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform the signal transmission method in the first aspect or any possible implementation of the first aspect.

[0068] In a sixth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer program product including instructions, which, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform the signal transmission method in the second aspect or any possible implementation of the second aspect.

[0069] In a seventh aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a wireless communication apparatus for implementing the methods in the first aspect or any possible implementation of the first aspect. The wireless communication apparatus can be the transmitting device, or a device including the transmitting device, or a component (e.g., a chip) applied to the transmitting device. The wireless communication apparatus includes modules or units corresponding to the above methods, and the modules or units can be implemented in hardware, in software, or by executing corresponding software with hardware. The hardware or software includes one or more modules or units corresponding to the above functions. It should be understood that the wireless communication apparatus described in the seventh aspect can further include a bus and a memory for storing codes and data. Optionally, at least one processor is coupled to the communication interface and the memory.

[0070] In an eighth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a wireless communication device for implementing various methods in various possible designs of the second aspect or any of the various possible designs of the second aspect. The wireless communication device can be the sending device, or a device containing the receiving device, or a component (for example, a chip) applied to the receiving device. The wireless communication device includes modules and units for implementing the above methods, which can be implemented by hardware, by software, or by execution of corresponding software by hardware. The hardware or software includes one or more modules or units corresponding to the above functions. It should be understood that the wireless communication device described in the eighth aspect can also include a bus and a memory for storing codes and data. Optionally, at least one processor is coupled to the memory and the communication interface.

[0071] In a ninth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer readable storage medium, which stores a computer program or instructions, and when the computer program or instructions are run on a computer, the computer executes a signal transmission method as described in any of the possible implementation manners of the first aspect to the first aspect. The computer can be the sending device.

[0072] In a tenth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer readable storage medium, which stores a computer program or instructions, and when the computer program or instructions are run on a computer, the computer executes a signal transmission method as described in any of the possible implementation manners of the second aspect to the second aspect. The computer can be the receiving device.

[0073] In an eleventh aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a chip, which integrates at least one integrated circuit to implement the method in the first aspect or any of the possible implementation manners thereof. For example, the chip includes at least one processor, and the processor is configured to read and execute a computer program stored in a memory to implement the method in the first aspect or any of the possible implementation manners thereof.

[0074] In a twelfth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a chip, which integrates at least one integrated circuit to implement the method in the second aspect or any of the possible implementation manners thereof. For example, the chip includes at least one processor, and the processor is configured to read and execute a computer program stored in a memory to implement the method in the second aspect or any of the possible implementation manners thereof.

[0075] Optionally, the chip further includes a memory, and the memory is connected to the processor through a circuit or a wire.

[0076] Further optionally, the chip further includes a communication interface. The communication interface is configured to communicate with other modules outside the chip.

[0077] In a thirteenth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a communication system, comprising: a first communication device, a second communication device, wherein the first communication device is configured to perform the signal transmission method described in the first aspect or in various possible implementation manners of the first aspect. The second communication device is configured to perform the signal transmission method described in the second aspect or in various possible implementation manners of the second aspect.

[0078] For example, one of the first communication device and the second communication device can be a terminal device, and the other can be a network device.

[0079] Any of the apparatuses or computer storage media or computer program products or chips or communication systems provided above are configured to perform the corresponding method provided above, and thus the beneficial effects achievable thereby can refer to the beneficial effects of the corresponding solutions in the corresponding method provided above, which will not be described herein again. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0080] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a mapping relationship between a delay-Doppler domain and a time-frequency domain according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0081] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a pulse pilot scheme according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0082] FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of using a sequence pilot as a pilot according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0083] FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an array pilot scheme according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0084] FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a communication system according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0085] FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a flow of a signal transmission method according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0086] FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a distribution of a pilot array pair in a time domain-Doppler domain according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0087] FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a distribution of a pilot array pair in a time domain-Doppler domain in a multi-antenna scenario according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0088] FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a channel estimation method according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0089] FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of verifying a non-periodic autocorrelation function of a complementary array pair in a ZCAPS according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0090] FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of verifying a non-periodic cross-correlation function of a complementary array pair in a ZCAPS according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0091] FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of verifying the non-periodic cross-correlation function of a complementary array pair in ZCAPS according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0092] FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of channel estimation performance of different schemes under 16 antennas according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0093] FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of distribution of pilot array pairs of antennas in time-delay-Doppler domain according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0094] FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a wireless communication device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0095] FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a communication device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0096] FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a chip according to an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0097] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. In the description of the embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise specified, " / " represents the meaning of or, for example, A / B can represent A or B; in this document, "and / or" merely describes an association relationship of associated objects, which means that there can be three relationships, for example, A and / or B, which means that there are three cases of A alone, A and B together, and B alone. In addition, in the description of the embodiments of the present application, "multiple" means two or more than two.

[0098] Hereinafter, the terms "first" and "second" are used only for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined with "first" and "second" can explicitly or implicitly include one or more features. In the description of the embodiments, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "multiple" is two or more than two.

[0099] In addition, the terms "include" and "have" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not limited to the listed steps or units, but can optionally include steps or units not listed, or can optionally include other steps or units inherent to the process, method, product or device.

[0100] In the embodiments of the present application, the word "exemplary" or "for example" is used to mean "an example of" or "an example, only. Any embodiment or design solution described as "exemplary" or "for example" in the embodiments of the present application should not be construed as preferred or advantageous over other embodiments or design solutions. In fact, the word "exemplary" or "for example" is used to present concepts in a concrete manner, to facilitate understanding.

[0101] It should be understood that in the present application, "at least one" means one or more. "Multiple" means two or more. "At least two" means two or three and more. "And / or" is used to describe the relationship between the associated objects, which means that there can be three relationships. For example, "A and / or B" can mean that there are three cases: only A, only B, and A and B at the same time, where A and B can be singular or plural.

[0102] The character " / " generally represents that the associated objects before and after are in an "or" relationship. "At least one of the following" or the like means any combination of these items, including any combination of single or multiple items. For example, at least one of a, b or c can mean: a, b, c, "a and b", "a and c", "b and c", or "a and b and c", where a, b, c can be single or multiple.

[0103] "…" and "if" both mean that the corresponding processing will be done under certain objective circumstances, not limited by time, and also does not require a judgment action when implemented, nor does it mean that there are other limitations.

[0104] The delay-Doppler domain involved in the present application refers to a two-dimensional domain different from the time-frequency domain. As shown in FIG. 1, one dimension in the delay-Doppler domain represents the delay domain, and the other dimension represents the Doppler domain. As an example, the delay-Doppler domain can be represented by an N*M D matrix. N represents the Doppler domain, and M represents the delay domain. The delay-Doppler domain can be composed of N*M resource units (which can also be referred to as resource grids). A resource unit occupies one grid of the delay domain and one grid of the Doppler domain. One grid of the delay domain is a delay domain unit τ, which represents a delay domain shift, The unit is second. N is the number of delay domain grids. Δf is the subcarrier interval of the frequency. Therefore, the delay domain grid represents that a message is sent in the delay domain shift τ time. The physical meaning is that the delay domain interval of the two-dimensional channel represented in the delay-Doppler domain is τ time for sending a message. One grid of the Doppler domain is a Doppler domain unit v, which represents a Doppler domain shift, The unit is Hertz (Hz). That is, the Doppler grid represents that one information is transmitted by intervals of v frequency intervals. The physical meaning is that the Doppler domain interval of the two-dimensional channel exhibited in the delay-Doppler domain transmits one information by intervals of the grid unit v frequency.

[0105] As an example, one resource unit in the delay-Doppler domain can correspond to one symbol in the time-frequency domain. The delay-Doppler domain can be converted into the time-frequency domain by performing Fourier transform on the delay axis and the Doppler axis in the delay-Doppler domain, respectively.

[0106] It should be noted that the above τ r And v r Satisfy the following condition: τ r ×v r = 1. The delay-Doppler domain has a mapping relationship with the time-frequency domain. As an example, FIG. 1 is a mapping relationship diagram of the delay-Doppler domain and the time-frequency domain of the embodiment of the application. As shown in FIG. 1, the delay domain can be mapped to the frequency domain, and the Doppler domain can be mapped to the time domain. Therefore, it can be seen that the delay-Doppler domain signal of the embodiment of the application can be converted into a time-frequency domain signal, and the time-frequency domain signal can also be converted into a delay-Doppler domain signal.

[0107] It should be further noted that the above N and M can take any value. As an example, M can take a multiple of 2, and N can take a multiple of 14.

[0108] As shown in FIG. 2, FIG. 2 is a pulse pilot scheme in a single antenna scenario.

[0109] 1), the pulse pilot scheme refers to a scheme using a single pulse pilot as a pilot.

[0110] In order to facilitate description, the resource grid carrying data in the delay-Doppler domain is referred to as a data resource grid, the resource grid carrying a pilot is referred to as a pilot resource grid, and the resource grid carrying a guard interval is referred to as a guard interval resource grid. Here, the unified description is not repeated hereinafter.

[0111] As shown in (a) of FIG. 2, represented by an 8-row × 9-column matrix in the delay-Doppler domain, the delay-Doppler domain includes 72 resource grids, that is, any column on the delay domain includes 9 resource grids, and any row on the Doppler domain includes 8 resource grids. Taking a transmitting device including one antenna as an example.

[0112] As shown in (a) of FIG. 2, in a single antenna scenario, the pilot of the antenna is located at resource grid A in the delay-Doppler domain, and the position of resource grid A in the delay-Doppler domain is (4, 4). It can also be considered that resource grid A is located at the 4th grid in the delay domain and the 4th grid in the Doppler domain.

[0113] In order to avoid mutual interference between the data resource grid and the pilot resource grid, a guard interval region is arranged around the pulse pilot. The guard interval region includes a plurality of resource grids, and any one of the plurality of resource grids in the guard interval region does not transmit information. The size of the guard interval region is related to the channel. It can also be considered that the signals mapped on the plurality of resource grids in the guard interval region are all 0, and it can also be understood that the signal on any resource grid in the guard interval region is empty.

[0114] For example, as shown in (a) of FIG. 2, the size of the guard interval region along the Doppler axis is 4k v , and the size along the delay axis is 2l τ . Wherein k v is the maximum Doppler shift offset. l τ is the maximum multipath delay offset.

[0115] For example, as shown in (a) of FIG. 2, the guard interval region includes 14 resource grids, which are respectively located at: the 3rd row and the 3rd column (i.e. (2, 2)), the 3rd row and the 4th column (i.e. (2, 3)), the 3rd row and the 5th column (2, 4), the 4th row and the 3rd column (3, 2), the 4th row and the 4th column (3, 3), the 4th row and the 5th column (3, 4), the 5th row and the 3rd column (4, 2), the 5th row and the 5th column (4, 4), the 6th row and the 3rd column (5, 2), the 6th row and the 4th column (5, 3), the 6th row and the 5th column (5, 4), the 7th row and the 3rd column (6, 2), the 7th row and the 4th column (6, 3), and the 7th row and the 5th column (6, 4) in the delay-Doppler domain.

[0116] In addition to the above pilot resource grid and the 14 guard interval resource grids, the remaining resource grids can be used to carry data.

[0117] As shown in (b) of FIG. 2, (b) of FIG. 2 takes an 8 row x 15 column matrix in the delay-Doppler domain as an example, i.e. a delay-Doppler domain resource unit, any column in the delay domain includes 8 resource units, and any row in the Doppler domain includes 15 resource units, taking a sending device including 4 antennas as an example.

[0118] (b) of FIG. 2 is a scheme of pulse pilots sent by different antennas in a multi-antenna scenario. As shown in (b) of FIG. 2, it is assumed that the sending device includes 4 antennas, and each antenna corresponds to a pilot. As shown in (b) of FIG. 2, it is assumed that the pilot corresponding to the antenna 1 is located on the resource unit A in the delay-Doppler domain, the resource unit A is located on the 4th column in the delay domain and the 4th row in the Doppler domain in the delay-Doppler domain, and it can also be considered that the position of the resource unit A in the delay-Doppler domain is (4th row, 4th column).

[0119] The pilot corresponding to the antenna 2 is located on the resource unit B in the time domain, which is located on the 6th column in the time domain and the 4th row in the Doppler domain in the time-delay-Doppler domain, and can also be regarded as the location of the resource unit B in the time-delay-Doppler domain being (4th row, 6th column).

[0120] The pilot corresponding to the antenna 3 is located on the resource unit C in the time domain, which is located on the 8th column in the time domain and the 4th row in the Doppler domain in the time-delay-Doppler domain, and can also be regarded as the location of the resource unit C in the time-delay-Doppler domain being (4th row, 8th column).

[0121] The pilot corresponding to the antenna 4 is located on the resource unit D in the time domain, which is located on the 10th column in the time domain and the 4th row in the Doppler domain in the time-delay-Doppler domain, and can also be regarded as the location of the resource unit D in the time-delay-Doppler domain being (4th row, 10th column).

[0122] As can be seen from (b) in FIG. 2, the pilots sent by different antennas are different in position, and in order to avoid aliasing between pilots, a guard interval region needs to be set between different pilot positions. For example, the guard interval region includes 36 resource units with row numbers of 1, 2, 4, 5 and column numbers of 2-10, and 5 resource units with row number of 3 and column numbers of 2, 4, 6, 8, 10.

[0123] As shown in (b) in FIG. 2, in the pilot scheme under multiple antennas, the remaining resource units except the 41 resource units included in the pilot resource units and the guard interval region can be used to carry data.

[0124] It can be understood that in the scheme shown in (b) in FIG. 2, the pilots corresponding to different antennas are different.

[0125] Since the pilot needs to avoid aliasing between pilots through the guard interval, when the number of antennas increases, the resource occupied by the guard interval symbol increases significantly, resulting in an increase in pilot overhead. In other words, when the pilot overhead is fixed, as the number of antennas increases, the guard interval can no longer effectively isolate the pilots of each antenna, resulting in aliasing between the pilots, and thus reducing the channel estimation performance.

[0126] 2), the sequence pilot scheme refers to a scheme in which a sequence pilot is used as a pilot.

[0127] As shown in (a) in FIG. 3, taking an example in which a sending device includes I antennas, each antenna corresponds to a pilot sequence, the pilot sequences corresponding to different antennas are different, and the pilot sequence of any antenna includes M p elements. The pilot sequences of different antennas are located at the same position in the time-delay-Doppler domain.

[0128] For example, as shown in (a) of FIG. 3, the pilot sequence x1 of the antenna 1, the pilot sequence x2 of the antenna 2,..., the pilot sequence xi of the antenna I are located in the 4th row of the Doppler domain. I The time-delay-Doppler domain includes M resource units on the time-delay axis, and one element in the pilot sequence of any antenna is mapped in one resource unit in the 4th row. That is, the M elements of the pilot sequence are located in different resource units in the same row. p The time-delay-Doppler domain includes M resource units on the time-delay axis, and one element in the pilot sequence of any antenna is mapped in one resource unit in the 4th row. That is, the M elements of the pilot sequence are located in different resource units in the same row. p The time-delay-Doppler domain includes M resource units on the time-delay axis, and one element in the pilot sequence of any antenna is mapped in one resource unit in the 4th row. That is, the M elements of the pilot sequence are located in different resource units in the same row. p The time-delay-Doppler domain includes M resource units on the time-delay axis, and one element in the pilot sequence of any antenna is mapped in one resource unit in the 4th row. That is, the M elements of the pilot sequence are located in different resource units in the same row. p The time-delay-Doppler domain includes M resource units on the time-delay axis, and one element in the pilot sequence of any antenna is mapped in one resource unit in the 4th row. That is, the M elements of the pilot sequence are located in different resource units in the same row.

[0129] The pilot sequence shown in (a) of FIG. 3 is taken as an example in the 4th row, and it can be understood that the pilot sequence can also be located in other rows, for example, any one of the 1st row to the Nth row. p

[0130] In order to avoid mutual interference between the data resource units and the pilot resource units, a guard interval needs to be set around the resource units carrying the pilot sequence. The sequence pilot scheme estimates the channel by using the correlation method, and therefore usually selects a ZC sequence as the pilot sequence. The ZC sequence is a periodic perfect sequence, and its periodic autocorrelation function has the characteristic of zero side lobe. In order to fully utilize this characteristic to accurately estimate the channel, the pilot sequence is spread along the time-delay axis, and therefore only needs to place the guard interval along the Doppler axis.

[0131] As shown in (a) of FIG. 3, there are guard interval regions around the column where the pilot sequence is located, and the guard interval regions are located between the pilot sequence and the data. For example, as shown in (a) of FIG. 3, the data is carried on the M resource units included in the 1st row, the 7th row and the 8th row respectively, and the pilot sequence is carried on the M resource units included in the 4th row, and therefore the guard interval region includes the M resource units included in the 2nd row and the 3rd row respectively, and the M resource units included in the 5th row and the 6th row respectively. p p p p

[0132] In addition, the sequence pilot scheme uses the idea of code division to distinguish different antennas. In the multi-antenna scene, different antennas place different pilot sequences in the same position, and the receiving end distinguishes the antennas by performing periodic correlation between the received signal and the pilot sequence assigned to different antennas. Since the pilot positions on different antennas are the same, the pilot does not need to be distinguished by using the guard interval, and therefore the pilot overhead of the scheme will be reduced. ​​​​​

[0133] It is understandable that each antenna corresponds to a pilot sequence, which can be viewed as a one-dimensional array, i.e., 1×M. p .

[0134] Sequence pilot schemes utilize code division to distinguish different antennas, thereby reducing pilot overhead. However, the reason why different antennas cannot be completely distinguished at the receiver lies in the characteristics of the ZC sequence. Although the ZC sequence is a perfectly periodic sequence with zero sidelobes in its autocorrelation, its periodic cross-correlation exhibits sidelobes, and these sidelobes reach a certain level. Where N is the sequence length. Due to the presence of sidelobes in the periodic cross-correlation, the ZC sequence, when used as a sequence pilot for channel estimation, will cause interference between different antennas. Taking a ZC sequence of length 139 as an example, assuming that the ZC sequences with root exponents of 1 and 3 are a and b respectively, the aperiodic cross-correlation function of sequences a and b is shown in Figure 3(b).

[0135] 3) The array pilot scheme uses a two-dimensional array as the pilot.

[0136] Taking a transmitting device with I antennas as an example, each antenna corresponds to a pilot array, and different antennas correspond to different pilot arrays. The pilot array of any antenna includes N... p ×M p Each element represents a pilot array of different antennas located at the same position in the time-delay-Doppler domain. As shown in Figure 4, the pilot array x1 of antenna 1, the pilot array x2 of antenna 2, ..., the pilot array x... of antenna I... I The size of each is N p ×M p Each element.

[0137] As shown in Figure 4(a), the time-delay-Doppler domain of the mapped pilot array can be the time-delay-Doppler domain shown in Figure 4(a), that is, the time-delay-Doppler domain includes N×M resource elements, and the pilot region includes N p ×M p One resource unit, M p <M,N p <N.

[0138] With N=13, M=15, M p =5, N p Taking 4 as an example, that is, the pilot array corresponding to each antenna is a 4-row × 5-column pilot array, and the M in any row of the pilot array of any antenna is... p Each element is mapped to a row in the delay-Doppler domain, M p <M, N in any column of the pilot array of any antenna p Each element is mapped to a row in the delay-Doppler domain, N. p <N. For example, M in the first row of the pilot array of any antennap The M p elements in the 5th row of the delay-Doppler domain are mapped into M

[0139] It is worth mentioning that one element in the pilot array is mapped onto one resource unit. For example, the M p elements in the 2nd row of the pilot array of any antenna are mapped into M p elements in the 3rd row of the pilot array of any antenna are mapped into M p elements in the 4th row of the pilot array of any antenna are mapped into M p elements in the 5th row of the pilot array of any antenna are mapped into M p elements in the 6th row of the pilot array of any antenna are mapped into M p elements in the 7th row of the pilot array of any antenna are mapped into M

[0140] Guard interval symbols are set around the pilot array to avoid mutual interference between the resource units carrying data and the pilot array. The guard interval symbols do not transmit information, and their size is related to the channel: the size along the Doppler axis is 4k v , and the size along the delay axis is 2l τ .

[0141] For example, as shown in (a) of FIG. 4, the guard interval region includes the 3rd row, the 4th row, the 9th row, the 10th row, each including 11 resource units (for example, the 2nd column to the 12th column), and the 5th row to the 8th row, each including resource units.

[0142] Because the guard interval region is set around the array pilot, at the receiving end, the channel information is obtained by performing two-dimensional aperiodic correlation calculation on the received signal and the pilot array. In the multi-antenna scenario, different pilot arrays are placed at the same position by different antennas, and at the receiving end, different antennas are distinguished by calculating the aperiodic correlation function of the received signal and the array pilot allocated by different antennas. The definition of the aperiodic correlation function is as follows:

[0143] Definition 1: Assuming that A and B are two arrays with a size of N p ×M p , the aperiodic cross-correlation function (ACCF) of A and B is defined as:

[0144] where B * (x,y) is the conjugate of B(x,y), and when B=A, ρ A,B(v,τ) is an aperiodic auto-correlation function (AACF), denoted as ρ A (v,τ).

[0145] The array pilot scheme used in current research usually adopts Frank array, which is a periodic perfect array with no sidelobe in the periodic auto-correlation function. However, when processing the received signal at the receiving end, due to the influence of the guard interval, the aperiodic correlation analysis of the received signal and the array pilot is needed to solve the channel information, which will lead to the appearance of sidelobe. It is worth noting that the performance of the aperiodic correlation of Frank array is poor, and for a Frank array with a size of N*N, the correlation sidelobe can reach N, which will affect the channel estimation performance of the array pilot in the multi-antenna. Taking a Frank array with a size of 37*37 as an example, the aperiodic auto-correlation function diagram of the Frank array is shown in (a) of FIG. 4, and the aperiodic cross-correlation function diagram of the Frank array is shown in (b) and (c) of FIG. 4.

[0146] However, these three schemes have obvious shortcomings: the pilot overhead of the pulse pilot is too large, the cross-correlation function of the sequence pilot has a high sidelobe, and the array pilot also has a high cross-correlation sidelobe. In the multi-antenna scene with fixed pilot overhead, these shortcomings lead to a significant decline in channel estimation performance. To solve these problems, the present application designs a new pilot scheme and corresponding pilot array pair, which saves the pilot overhead and reduces or even eliminates the cross-correlation sidelobe, thereby achieving good channel estimation performance.

[0147] Based on this, the present application provides a signal transmission method, which adopts a pilot array pair in the scheme, and one pilot array pair includes two pilot arrays. Since the transmitted signal passes through the channel, the received signal at the receiving end can be regarded as the shift of the transmitted signal, and the channel estimation can be estimated by using the aperiodic correlation function, so a pilot array pair with good aperiodic correlation is needed as the pilot of the antenna. Since the pilot array has better correlation, the cross-correlation sidelobe between different antennas can be eliminated in the multi-antenna scene by using the pilot array pair, in addition, the design idea of using the pilot array pair can also reduce or even eliminate the auto-correlation sidelobe between the same antenna, in addition, the pilot array pairs of different antennas have the same position in the time delay Doppler domain in the multi-antenna scene, so the pilot overhead will not increase with the increase of the number of antennas, so the scheme provided by the present application can also save the pilot overhead, thereby achieving good channel estimation performance.

[0148] To make the present application easier to understand, first, a communication system shown in FIG. 5 is taken as an example to describe a communication system applicable to the embodiments of the present application in detail. (a) in FIG. 5 shows a schematic diagram of a communication system applicable to a signal transmission method provided by the embodiments of the present application. As shown in (a) in FIG. 5, the communication system 400 includes a communication device 401 and a communication device 402. The communication device 401 and the communication device 402 can be configured with one or more antennas. One of the communication device 401 and the communication device 402 can serve as a sending device, and the other communication device can be regarded as a receiving device.

[0149] In the embodiments of the present application, the specific devices corresponding to the communication device 401 and the communication device 402 are different in different scenarios. For example, as an example, for example, the communication device 401 is taken as a sending device, and the communication device 402 is taken as a receiving device. For uplink transmission, the communication device 401 can be a terminal device, and the communication device 402 can be a network device. In this scenario, the communication device 402 can be a network device or a relay device accessed by the communication device 401. For example, for downlink transmission, the communication device 401 can be a network device or a relay device, and the communication device 402 can be a terminal device.

[0150] In a terminal-to-terminal communication scenario, the communication device 401 and the communication device 402 can both be terminal devices.

[0151] For example, (b) in FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of another application scenario of the embodiments of the present application, which takes a base station (BS) and multiple terminals (such as a terminal A, a terminal B, and a terminal C) as an example for illustration. The network device A can communicate with the terminal A and the terminal C. In uplink transmission, any one of the terminal A and the terminal C can serve as a sending device as shown in (a) in FIG. 5, and the network device A serves as a receiving device. In downlink transmission, the network device A serves as a sending device as shown in (a) in FIG. 5, and any one of the terminal A and the terminal C can serve as a receiving device. Optionally, as shown in (b) in FIG. 5, the terminal A and the terminal B can also communicate, and any one of the terminal A and the terminal B can serve as a sending device, and the other can serve as a receiving device.

[0152] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application can be applied to various communication systems, for example: a long term evolution (LTE) system, a worldwide interoperability for microwave access (WiMAX) communication system, a 5th generation (5G) system, such as a new radio access technology (NR), and a future communication system.

[0153] The terminal device to which the present application relates includes a device that provides voice and / or data connectivity for a user, specifically, a device that provides voice for a user, or a device that provides data connectivity for a user, or a device that provides voice and data connectivity for a user. For example, it can include a handheld device having wireless connection capability, or a processing device connected to a wireless modem. The terminal device can communicate with a core network via a radio access network (RAN), exchange voice or data with the RAN, or interact with the RAN for voice and data. The terminal device can include a user equipment (UE), a wireless terminal device, a satellite, a drone, a balloon, an airplane, a mobile terminal device, a device to device (D2D) terminal device, a vehicle to everything (V2X) terminal device, a machine to machine / Machine Type Communications (M2M / MTC) terminal device, an Internet of Things (IoT) terminal device, a subscriber unit, a subscriber station, a mobile station, a remote station, an access point (AP), a remote terminal, an access terminal, a user terminal, a user agent, or a user device, etc. For example, it can include a mobile telephone (or so-called "cellular" telephone), a computer with mobile terminal device, a portable, pocket, handheld, computer-embedded mobile device, etc. For example, a personal communication service (PCS) telephone, a cordless telephone, a session initiation protocol (SIP) phone, a wireless local loop (WLL) station, a personal digital assistant (PDA), etc. It also includes a limited device, such as a device with lower power consumption, or a device with limited storage capacity, or a device with limited computing capability, etc.Information sensing devices such as bar codes, radio frequency identification (RFID), sensors, global positioning system (GPS), laser scanners, and the like.

[0154] By way of example and not limitation, in embodiments of the present application, the terminal device can also be a wearable device. The wearable device can also be referred to as a smart wearable device or a smart wearable device, and the like. The wearable device is a general term for devices that are designed and developed by applying wearable technology to daily wear, such as glasses, gloves, watches, clothing, and shoes. The wearable device is a portable device that is directly worn on the body or integrated into the clothes or accessories of the user. The wearable device is not only a hardware device, but also a device that realizes powerful functions through software support, data interaction, and cloud interaction. The general wearable smart device includes a full function, a large size, and can realize complete or partial functions without relying on a smart phone, such as a smart watch or smart glasses, and focuses on a certain type of application function and needs to cooperate with other devices such as a smart phone, such as various smart wristbands, smart helmets, and smart jewelry for monitoring vital signs.

[0155] As introduced above, various terminal devices located on a vehicle (for example, placed in or installed in the vehicle) can be considered as vehicle-mounted terminal devices, which are also referred to as on board units (OBU).

[0156] In embodiments of the present application, the device for realizing the function of the terminal device can be a terminal device, or a device capable of supporting the terminal device to realize the function, such as a chip system, which can be installed in the terminal device. In embodiments of the present application, the chip system can be composed of a chip, or can include a chip and other discrete devices. In the technical solutions provided in embodiments of the present application, the device for realizing the function of the terminal device is taken as an example to describe the technical solutions provided in embodiments of the present application.

[0157] The network device involved in the present application, for example, includes an access network (AN) device, such as a base station (for example, an access point), which can refer to a device in the access network that communicates with a wireless terminal device through one or more cells over the air interface, or for example, a network device in a vehicle-to-everything (V2X) technology is a road side unit (RSU). The base station can be used to convert the received air frames and IP packets into each other as a router between the terminal device and the rest of the access network, which can include an IP network. The RSU can be a fixed infrastructure entity supporting V2X applications, and can exchange messages with other entities supporting V2X applications. The network device can also coordinate the management of the properties of the air interface. For example, the network device can include satellites, drones, balloons, and aircraft, etc. For example, the network device can include an evolved base station (NodeB or eNB or e-NodeB, evolutional NodeB) in a long term evolution (LTE) system or long term evolution-advanced (LTE-A), or can also include a node B (next generation node B, gNB) in an evolved packet core network (EPC), a 5th generation (5G) new radio (NR) system (also referred to as an NR system), or can also include a centralized unit (CU) and a distributed unit (DU) in a cloud radio access network (Cloud RAN) system, an access point AP in a wifi-6 communication system, an AP in a wifi-7 (802.11be) communication system, or an AP in a wireless local area network (WLAN) communication system in a future communication network such as wifi-8, and the embodiments of the present application are not limited.

[0158] In the embodiments of the present application, the device for implementing the function of the network device can be a network device or a device capable of supporting the network device to implement the function, such as a chip system, which can be installed in the network device. In the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application, the device for implementing the function of the network device is taken as an example to describe the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application.

[0159] As shown in FIG. 6, FIG. 6 is a flow chart of a signal transmission method according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 6, the embodiment relates to a sending device and a receiving device. The sending device can refer to a communication device that sends a transmission signal. The receiving device can refer to a communication device that receives the transmission signal. The method according to the embodiment includes the following steps.

[0160] In step 601, the sending device acquires a first pilot array pair corresponding to a first antenna of the sending device.

[0161] For example, the first pilot array pair is used for channel estimation of the receiving device.

[0162] For example, the first pilot array pair includes two first pilot arrays. Any first pilot array includes N p ×M p elements. The two first pilot arrays are different, but the sizes of the two first pilot arrays are the same, i.e., both of the two first pilot arrays are arrays including N p ×M p elements. As an example, N p may be regarded as the number of rows of the first pilot array. M p may be regarded as the number of columns of the first pilot array, i.e., the first pilot array is a pilot array with N p rows × M p columns.

[0163] As an example, in the embodiment of the present application, when N p is at least an integer greater than or equal to 2, M p may be an integer greater than or equal to 1. Alternatively, when M p is at least an integer greater than or equal to 2, N p may be an integer greater than or equal to 1.

[0164] As an example, the sending device in the embodiment of the present application can be a single-antenna device, i.e., the sending device has one antenna, or can have multiple antennas. When the sending device has one antenna, the first antenna is the antenna of the sending device. When the sending device has multiple antennas, the first antenna can be any one of the multiple antennas.

[0165] As an example, taking M p = 5 and N p = 4 as an example, one first pilot array can be regarded as a 4-row × 5-column array including 20 elements.

[0166] As an example, each row in any of the first pilot array pairs can be regarded as a pilot sequence. The pilot sequence can include any of a ZC sequence, an arbitrary column vector of a unitary matrix, a pi / 2-BPSK sequence, or a pi / 4-QPSK sequence, or can be another sequence, which is not listed one by one herein.

[0167] For example, the first pilot array pair can be preset, agreed upon by a protocol, or configured by a network device, and can be flexibly set according to requirements. The sending device in the embodiment of the present application can refer to a terminal device or a network device, and the receiving device can refer to a network device or a terminal device.

[0168] For example, for uplink transmission, the sending device is a terminal device, and the receiving device can be a network device. The first pilot array pair corresponding to the first antenna obtained by the terminal device can be preset, configured by the network device, or predefined by a protocol, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.

[0169] For example, for downlink transmission, the sending device can be a network device, and the receiving device refers to a terminal device. Or the sending device and the receiving device are both terminal devices, which are not limited in the embodiment of the present application.

[0170] In step 602, the sending device maps the first pilot array pair to two pilot regions in a delay-Doppler domain and maps the first data signal to a data region in the delay-Doppler domain to obtain a delay-Doppler domain signal of the first antenna.

[0171] For example, the two first pilot arrays of the first pilot array pair are one-to-one mapped to the two pilot regions, that is, one of the two first pilot arrays is mapped to one of the two pilot regions, and the other first pilot array is mapped to the other pilot region, so as to realize one-to-one mapping of the two first pilot arrays to the two pilot regions.

[0172] For example, any pilot region in the embodiment of the present application includes N p ×M p resource units.

[0173] It can be understood that an element in a first pilot array is mapped to a resource unit in N p ×M p resource units. For example, a pilot region includes N p ×M p resource units, and the sending device can map M p elements included in the yth row of the first pilot array to M pThe resource units in any one row can be located in one resource unit in one row of the pilot region. Through the processing manner of this step, one element in any one row can be located in one resource unit in one row of the pilot region.

[0174] Any pilot region includes at least N p M p resource units. It can be understood that any pilot region includes at least M p columns on the time delay axis of the time delay-Doppler domain, and each column includes N p resource units, or it can be considered that N p rows on the Doppler axis, and each row includes M p resource units.

[0175] It can be understood that the time delay-Doppler domain can include a data region and a pilot region pair. The pilot region pair includes two pilot regions. Any pilot region is used to map a first pilot array in a pilot array pair. The two pilot regions are one-to-one mapped with two pilot arrays in a pilot array pair of different antennas. That is, any pilot region in the two pilot regions can map a pilot array in a pilot array pair of different antennas, and the other pilot region can map the other pilot array in the pilot array pair of different antennas. The data region is used to map data signals of different antennas. For example, the data region can map a first data signal of a first antenna.

[0176] The position of the pilot region pair in the time delay-Doppler domain is not limited in the embodiment of the application, and can be set as needed. In the embodiment of the application, the two pilot regions are arranged at intervals in the time delay-Doppler domain.

[0177] As shown in FIG. 7, FIG. 7 takes an example that the time delay-Doppler domain includes N p M p resource units, that is, the time delay-Doppler domain includes N p M p resource units. For example, as shown in (a) of FIG. 7, the time delay-Doppler domain sequentially includes a data region, a pilot region pair, and a data region from top to bottom. The pilot region pair includes a pilot region A and a pilot region B. The pilot region A is used to map a pilot array in a pilot array pair of any antenna of the sending device. The pilot region B is used to map the other pilot array in the pilot array pair of any antenna of the sending device.

[0178] As can be seen from (a) of FIG. 7, in the delay-Doppler domain, two pilot region pairs are located in the same row and different columns in the delay-Doppler domain, for example, as shown in (a) of FIG. 7, assuming that the pilot region pair includes pilot region A and pilot region B, the pilot region A and the pilot region B each include 20 elements, the pilot region A includes 20 resource units located in the 5th row and the 5th column to the 5th row and the 9th column, the 6th row and the 5th column to the 6th row and the 9th column, the 7th row and the 5th column to the 7th row and the 9th column, and the 8th row and the 5th column to the 8th row and the 9th column in the delay-Doppler domain. The pilot region B includes 20 resource units located in the 5th row and the 13th column to the 5th row and the 17th column, the 6th row and the 13th column to the 6th row and the 17th column, the 7th row and the 13th column to the 7th row and the 17th column, and the 8th row and the 13th column to the 8th row and the 17th column in the delay-Doppler domain.

[0179] For example, assuming that the transmitting device has K antennas, K is an integer greater than or equal to 1, the delay-Doppler domain has two pilot region pairs, and the first pilot array pair of the antenna i is denoted as (x1 (i) , x2 (i) ), i = (1, K). Wherein x1 (i) represents one pilot array of the antenna i, and x2 (i) represents another first pilot array of the antenna i. Then one pilot region in the pilot region pair maps the first pilot array x1 (i) . Another pilot region in the pilot region pair maps another first pilot array x2 (i) .

[0180] The transmitting device can map the first pilot array x1 to the pilot region A as shown in (a) of FIG. 7, map the first pilot array x2 to the pilot region B as shown in FIG. 7, and map the first data signal to the data region as shown in FIG. 7. By setting the guard region as shown in (a) of FIG. 7, the guard region separates the pilot region and the data region to avoid the pilot array of the pilot region from leaking into the data region after experiencing the channel, thereby reducing or even eliminating the interference of the pilot sequence leakage in the data signal.

[0181] It can be understood that each element in the first pilot array x1 (i) is mapped in one resource unit in one pilot region. Each element in the second pilot array x2 is mapped in one resource unit in another pilot region. In other words, any resource unit in the pilot region carries one element in the pilot array.

[0182] For example, assuming that N p = 4, M p= 5, i.e. the first pilot array is an array of 4 rows and 5 columns, the first pilot array including 20 elements, as shown in (b) of FIG. 7, the sending device can map the 5 elements of the first row in the first pilot array to the 5 resource units in the 5th column to the 9th column of the 5th row in the pilot region A. For example, the 5 elements of the second row in the first pilot array are mapped to the 5 resource units in the 5th column to the 9th column of the 6th row in the delay-Doppler domain. For example, the 5 elements of the third row in the first pilot array are mapped to the 5 resource units in the 5th column to the 9th column of the 7th row in the delay-Doppler domain. For example, the 5 elements of the fourth row in the first pilot array are mapped to the 5 resource units in the 5th column to the 9th column of the 8th row in the delay-Doppler domain.

[0183] For example, the sending device can map the 5 elements of the first row in the first pilot array to the M p resource units in any column in the pilot region B, for example, the M p elements of the first row in the first pilot array are mapped to the 5 resource units in the 13th column to the 17th column of the 5th row in the delay-Doppler domain. For example, the 5 elements of the second row in the first pilot array are mapped to the 5 resource units in the 13th column to the 17th column of the 6th row in the delay-Doppler domain. For example, the 5 elements of the third row in the first pilot array are mapped to the 5 resource units in the 13th column to the 17th column of the 7th row in the delay-Doppler domain. For example, the 5 elements of the fourth row in the first pilot array are mapped to the 5 resource units in the 13th column to the 17th column of the 8th row in the delay-Doppler domain.

[0184] For example, a pilot array can include N p × M p elements, and through the processing manner of this step, one element can be carried on one resource unit in one row of the pilot region. It can be understood that the N p rows of elements in the pilot array correspond to the N p rows of resource units in the pilot region one by one, i.e. one row of elements is carried on one row of resource units in the pilot region.

[0185] In step 603, the sending device sends the first transmission signal. Correspondingly, the receiving device receives the first transmission signal. The first transmission signal is obtained by the sending device processing the delay-Doppler domain signal of the first antenna.

[0186] It can be understood that, for the receiving device, the first transmission signal received by the receiving device is obtained by processing the time-delay-Doppler domain signal of the first antenna, and the time-delay-Doppler domain signal of the first antenna includes: a first pilot array pair mapped in the two pilot regions, and a first data signal mapped in the data region. Any first pilot array in the first pilot array pair is mapped in one pilot region of the pilot region pair.

[0187] For example, after obtaining the time-delay-Doppler domain signal of the first antenna, the sending device can convert the time-delay-Doppler domain signal of the first antenna into a time-frequency domain signal, perform dimension transformation on the time-frequency domain signal to obtain a time domain signal, perform waveform modulation on the time domain signal, and the like, to obtain the first transmission signal, and send the first transmission signal to the receiving device. The receiving device receives the first transmission signal, and can obtain the time-delay-Doppler domain signal of the first antenna according to the first transmission signal. For example, the receiving device can obtain the time-delay-Doppler domain signal of the first antenna after performing waveform demodulation, time-delay-Doppler domain conversion, and the like on the received first transmission signal.

[0188] In step 604, the receiving device performs channel estimation according to the time-delay-Doppler domain signal of the first antenna and the first pilot array pair corresponding to the first antenna.

[0189] For example, the receiving device can perform channel estimation on the time-delay-Doppler domain signal of the first antenna and the first pilot array corresponding to the first antenna, obtain an equivalent channel of the time-delay-Doppler domain of the first antenna, perform equalization, demodulation, and the like on the data signal of the data region according to the equivalent channel, and recover the first data signal sent by the sending device.

[0190] The embodiment of the present application provides a signal transmission method, and a pilot array pair is used as a pilot of an antenna, and one pilot array pair includes two pilot arrays. Since a sending signal passes through a channel, a receiving signal at a receiving end can be regarded as a shift of the sending signal, a channel can be estimated by using a non-periodic correlation function, and therefore, using a pilot array pair with good non-periodic correlation as a pilot of an antenna can reduce or even eliminate correlation sidelobes between antennas, in addition, the design idea of using a pilot array pair can also reduce or even eliminate autocorrelation sidelobes between the same antenna, in addition, in a multi-antenna scene, pilot array pairs of different antennas have the same position in a time-delay-Doppler domain, so that pilot overhead does not increase with the number of antennas, and therefore, the scheme provided by the embodiment of the present application can also save pilot overhead, thereby achieving good channel estimation performance.

[0191] After the mapping is completed, the sending device OTFS encodes the delay-Doppler domain signal, and a commonly used OTFS encoding representation form is U1DU2, to obtain an equivalent signal in the time-frequency domain, D is a matrix representing the delay-Doppler domain signal with a dimension of N*M, U1 is an orthogonal basis matrix with a dimension of N*N, and U2 is an orthogonal basis matrix with a dimension of M*M. The orthogonal basis matrix can be arbitrarily selected, and one of the most common orthogonal basis matrices is the DFT / IDFT matrix. The effect achieved by OTFS encoding is to map the delay-Doppler domain signal of OTFS to the time-frequency domain.

[0192] The sending device further generates a time domain signal according to the waveform selection of the sending device based on the OTFS encoded signal, and performs waveform modulation and other processing, and transmits the transmission signal through an antenna port. For example, the OTFS encoded signal is subjected to dimension transformation. Specifically, after OTFS encoding is completed, a two-dimensional time-frequency domain signal with a dimension of N*M is obtained. The frequency domain signal of each unit time in the N*M time-frequency domain signal is sequentially arranged to generate a time domain signal before waveform modulation. The modulation module performs waveform modulation to generate a baseband waveform. After the baseband waveform passes through a power amplifier, it is transmitted through an antenna port, that is, the transmission of the transmission signal is realized.

[0193] The receiving device receives the transmission signal, and after demodulation, dimension transformation, OTFS decoding and other processing modes, obtains a delay-Doppler domain signal. Based on the pilot array pair placement agreed by the sending device and the receiving device, the pilot array of the embodiment has good autocorrelation properties. The receiving device can obtain pilot estimation results by multiplying and summing the conjugate matrix cyclically shifted therefrom (this process is to calculate the correlation). The pilot estimation results are used to equalize and demodulate the data signal on the delay-Doppler domain to recover the data signal of the sending device.

[0194] As an example, the method provided by the embodiment of the application can further include that the sending device determines the position of the pilot region pair in the delay-Doppler domain. For example, the sending device can include the number of grids occupied by the pilot region in the delay domain, the starting position in the delay domain, the number of grids occupied in the Doppler domain, and the starting position in the Doppler domain.

[0195] The position of the pilot region pair in the delay-Doppler domain, the position of the pilot array pair in the pilot region, the pilot array, the position of the guard interval, and the size of the region can be preset, and the embodiment of the application does not limit this. Taking the sending device as a terminal device and the receiving device as a network device as an example, the position of the pilot region pair in the delay-Doppler domain, the position of the pilot array pair in the pilot region, the pilot array, the position of the guard interval, and the size of the region can also be indicated by the network device to the terminal device.

[0196] As an example, in uplink transmission, the network device can dynamically indicate to the terminal device one or more of the location of the pilot region in the delay-Doppler domain, the location of the resource unit carrying the pilot frame column, the pilot sequence, and the location of the guard interval region in the delay-Doppler domain.

[0197] In a possible embodiment of the present application, in order to prevent interference caused by the overlap of the shifted data and the pilot and / or interference between the shifted pilot array and the pilot array, the delay-Doppler domain in the embodiments of the present application further has a guard interval region, which includes a first guard interval region and / or a second guard interval region, and the signal mapped by the guard interval region is 0.

[0198] It can be understood that the signal mapped by the guard interval region being 0 can be understood as that no information is carried on all the resource units in the guard interval region or the signal on all the resource units in the guard interval region is empty.

[0199] For example, the first guard interval region is located between the two pilot regions and the data region.

[0200] For example, as shown in FIG. 7, which is a schematic diagram of a delay-Doppler domain according to an embodiment of the present application, the delay-Doppler domain shown in FIG. 7 includes N×M resource units, and the delay-Doppler domain shown in (a) of FIG. 7 includes, from top to bottom, a data region 1, two pilot regions, and a data region 2. Any pilot region can include N p ×M p resource units.

[0201] Optionally, as shown in (a) of FIG. 7, the first guard interval region includes a guard interval region 1 located between the data region 1 and the pilot region pair and a guard interval region 2 located between the pilot region pair and the data region 2 pair.

[0202] As an example, in order to effectively avoid interference between the data and the pilot, the size of the first guard interval region along the Doppler axis is at least 4k v , and the size of the first guard interval region along the delay axis is at least 3l τ . Wherein, k v represents the maximum Doppler shift offset, and l τ represents the maximum multipath delay offset.

[0203] By limiting the minimum length of the first guard interval region along the Doppler axis and the delay axis, interference between the data and the pilot can be avoided.

[0204] For example, the second guard interval region is located between two pilot regions. For example, as shown in (a) of FIG. 7, a second guard interval region is arranged between pilot region A and pilot region B, and the size of the second guard interval region is at least 4k v ×l τ . k v , l τ are related to the channel, and when the size of the second guard interval is not less than 4k v ×l τ , the interference between the pilot arrays can be reduced or even eliminated.

[0205] For example, as shown in (a) of FIG. 7, the second guard interval region includes 4k v ×l τ resource units, i.e., a plurality of resource units located in the 5th to 8th rows and the 9th to 11th columns.

[0206] In actual processes, the sending device can adopt a single-antenna design or a multi-antenna design. In the case where the sending device can have multiple antennas, the method provided in the embodiments of the present application can further include the following steps:

[0207] Step 1: The sending device acquires a second pilot array pair corresponding to a second antenna.

[0208] For example, the second pilot array pair includes two second pilot arrays. The first pilot array pair and the second pilot array pair are different pilot array pairs.

[0209] It can be understood that the first pilot array pair and the second pilot array pair being different pilot array pairs can mean that all elements in the first pilot array pair and the second pilot array pair are different or there is partial difference, which is not limited in the embodiments of the present application. Specifically, at least one first pilot array in the first pilot array pair and any element in any second pilot array are all different or there is partial difference.

[0210] As an example, the size of the first pilot array pair and the second pilot array pair in the embodiments of the present application can be the same or different. For example, any first pilot array in the first pilot array pair can be an N p ×M p pilot array. Any second pilot array includes N q ×M q elements. N q may be equal to N p , or may not be equal to N p . Similarly, M q may be equal to M p , or may not be equal to M p . In the embodiments of the present application, N qIt can be less than or equal to N p M q It can be less than or equal to M p When N q =N p M q =M p It can be assumed that the second pilot array and the first pilot array are pilot arrays of equal size.

[0211] When the second pilot array and the first pilot array are pilot arrays of equal size, the pilot overhead can be reduced by mapping the first pilot array pair of the first antenna and the second pilot array pair of the second antenna to the same position in the time delay-Doppler domain (i.e., the same pilot region pair).

[0212] As an example, the second antenna can be any one of the multiple antennas that the transmitting device has, other than the first antenna.

[0213] Step 2: The transmitting device maps the second pilot array pair to two pilot regions and maps the second data signal to the data region to obtain the time-delay-Doppler domain signal of the second antenna.

[0214] In this configuration, the two pilot regions are mapped one-to-one with the two second pilot array pairs. In other words, one pilot region of the two pilot regions is mapped to one of the second pilot array pairs, and the other pilot region of the two pilot regions is mapped to the other second pilot array pair.

[0215] Alternatively, it can be considered that the transmitting device maps the first pilot array pair of the first antenna onto the first pilot region pair in the time-delay-Doppler domain. The first pilot region pair includes two spaced pilot regions. The transmitting device maps the second pilot array pair of the second antenna onto the second pilot region pair in the time-delay-Doppler domain. The second pilot region pair includes two spaced pilot regions. The second pilot region pair and the first pilot region pair have the same position and size in the time-delay-Doppler domain.

[0216] For example, suppose the first antenna is labeled "1", i.e., antenna 1, and the second antenna can be labeled "2", i.e., antenna 2. The second pilot array pair of antenna 2 can be (x1... (2) x2 (2) ), where x1 (2) This represents one of the second pilot arrays in the second pilot array pair of antenna 2, x2 (2) This represents another second pilot array in the second pilot array pair corresponding to antenna 2. The first pilot array pair of antenna 2 can be (x1) (1) x2 (1) Then the transmitting device can make the first pilot array pair of antenna 1 (x1)(1) x2 (1) The first pilot array x1 in ) (1) Mapped to pilot region A, and the first pilot array x2 of antenna 1 (1) Mapping to pilot region B, and mapping the first data signal to the data region to obtain the time-delay-Doppler domain signal of the first antenna. Then the transmitting device can make the first pilot array pair of antenna 2 (x1) (2) x2 (2) The first pilot array x1 in ) (2) Mapped to pilot region A, and the first pilot array x2 of antenna 1 (2) The second data signal is mapped to the pilot region B, and the second data signal is mapped to the data region to obtain the time-delay-Doppler domain signal of the second antenna.

[0217] Step 3: The transmitting device sends a second transmission signal. Correspondingly, the receiving device receives the second transmission signal.

[0218] The transmitting device processes the time-delay-Doppler domain signal of the second antenna to obtain the second transmitted signal.

[0219] The second antenna's time-delay-Doppler domain signal includes: a second pilot array pair mapped to the two pilot regions and a second data signal mapped to the data region, wherein the first pilot array pair and the second pilot array pair are different;

[0220] Step 4: The communication equipment performs channel estimation based on the time delay-Doppler domain signal of the second antenna and the second pilot array to obtain the second data signal.

[0221] The above embodiments use the example of a transmitting device having a first antenna and a second antenna to illustrate how to map the first pilot array pair of the first antenna and the second pilot array pair of the second antenna to the same pilot region pair of the time-delay-Doppler domain signal. It is understood that in scenarios where the transmitting device has multiple antennas, the transmitting device can acquire the pilot array pair of each of the multiple antennas. Any pilot array pair of antennas includes two pilot arrays, and the pilot array pairs of different antennas are different. For the transmitting device, the pilot array pair of each antenna can be mapped to the same pilot region pair in the time-delay-Doppler domain to obtain the time-delay-Doppler domain signal of different antennas.

[0222] For example, in a transmitting device with multiple antennas, say I antennas, the pilot array pairs placed on antenna i are (x1... (i) x2 (i) Assume that the pilot array of antenna 1 includes pilot array x1 (1) and pilot array x2 (1), the pilot array pair of antenna 2 includes pilot array x1 (2) and pilot array x2 (2) , …, the pilot array pair of antenna I includes pilot array x1 (I) and second pilot array x2 (I) , then as shown in Fig. 8, the sending device can map the two pilot arrays of any antenna to the pilot region pair as shown in Fig. 8, wherein as shown in Fig. 8, one pilot array in the pilot array pair of any antenna is mapped in pilot region A, the other pilot array in the pilot array pair of any antenna is mapped in pilot region B, and one pilot array in the pilot array pair on other different antennas all have the same position as pilot array , and the other pilot array all have the same position as pilot array . In order to avoid the interference between the two pilot arrays caused by the shift of the pilot arrays after passing through the channel, the guard interval size between the two pilot regions is 4k v xl τ .

[0223] Since the guard interval is placed around the two pilot arrays, the receiving end needs to select the regions corresponding to the two pilot arrays after the shift respectively, and perform the non-periodic correlation operation and summation operation with the corresponding regions of the sending end respectively. In order to better indicate the non-periodic correlation region, it is assumed that (n p , m p ) is the starting position of the first pilot array in the pilot array pair, then the positions of the first pilot array and the second pilot array in the array pair of the sending end are and

[0224] The pilot array will be shifted after passing through the channel, and the correlation positions of the pilot array after the shift can be expressed as and The symbols of the positions of and in the transmission antenna i are and The received signal of the rth receiving antenna is y (r) , and the symbols of the positions of and in the received signal y (r) are and At the receiving end, the correlation functions of and and and The non-periodic correlation functions of the pilot pairs are calculated and summed to obtain the channel information. The specific channel estimation procedure is shown in FIG. 9.

[0225] In combination with FIG. 9, the channel estimation method is to solve the channel estimation problem by calculating the non-periodic correlation of the received signal and the pilot array and summing. Through the derivation of the channel estimation calculation method, the design criteria of the pilot pair are obtained. Since different receiving antennas process signals in the same way, in order to simplify the derivation process, the symbol r is omitted in the subsequent description. The process of channel estimation at the receiving end can be represented as:

[0226] Wherein, h i represents the channel.

[0227] According to the derivation of the above formula, in order to ensure that the autocorrelation function of the same antenna is zero or tends to zero, thereby reducing or even eliminating the autocorrelation sidelobes of the antenna, then the transmitting device has one or more antennas, and the pilot array pair of any antenna satisfies the following requirements:

[0228] The sum of the non-periodic autocorrelation functions of the pilot array pair of any antenna is an impulse function. In other words, the sum of the non-periodic autocorrelation functions of the first pilot array pair of the first antenna is an impulse function. The sum of the non-periodic autocorrelation functions of the second pilot array pair of the second antenna is an impulse function.

[0229] The communication device has one or more antennas, and the first antenna is any one of the one or more antennas. The pilot array pair of the first antenna satisfies the following requirements:

[0230] Condition 1:

[0231] Wherein, x1 and x2 respectively represent two first pilot arrays of the first pilot array pair, and the size of the two first pilot arrays is N p ×M p . V represents the shift in the Doppler domain. τ represents the shift in the time delay domain. represents the non-periodic autocorrelation function of the first pilot array x1. represents the non-periodic autocorrelation function of the first pilot array x2.

[0232] Wherein, when τ = 0, v = 0, when τ ≠ 0 or v ≠ 0,

[0233] It can be understood that the above takes the first pilot array pair of the first antenna as an example, and in the multi-antenna scene, in order to reduce or even eliminate the autocorrelation sidelobes of the antenna, the pilot array pair of the antenna other than the first antenna can also satisfy the above condition 1.

[0234] It can be understood that when the pilot array pair of any antenna satisfies the above condition 1, the autocorrelation function of the same antenna is zero or close to zero, thereby reducing or even eliminating the autocorrelation sidelobe of the antenna.

[0235] Generally, the transmitting device has multiple antennas, in order to ensure that the cross-correlation function between the multiple antennas is 0, therefore, when the transmitting device includes multiple antennas, the pilot array pair of the multiple antennas satisfies the following requirement, that is, condition 2:

[0236] Condition 2:

[0237] Wherein, represents a pulse matrix, The elements of the pulse matrix are 0 except the elements of τ=0, ν=0 position, and the elements of the remaining positions are 0. Wherein, i, j respectively represent the identification of any two antennas in the multiple antennas.

[0238] For example, taking the first antenna and the second antenna as an example, i, j respectively represent the identification of the first antenna and the identification of the second antenna. represents one pilot array in the pilot array pair corresponding to the antenna j, represents the other pilot array in the pilot array pair of the antenna j, represents one pilot array in the pilot array pair of the antenna i, represents the other pilot array in the pilot array pair of the antenna i, represents the aperiodic cross-correlation function of one pilot array of the antenna i and one pilot array of the antenna j, represents the aperiodic cross-correlation function of the other pilot array of the antenna i and the other pilot array of the antenna j. The size of any pilot array is N p ×M p .

[0239] In the embodiment of the application, the antenna j can also be described as the jth antenna, and the antenna i can also be described as the ith antenna.

[0240] According to the design criteria of the pilot array pair described above, in order to reduce or even eliminate the autocorrelation sidelobe of the antenna, for any pilot array pair of an antenna, the aperiodic autocorrelation function of the pilot array pair of the antenna can be made to be an impulse function.

[0241] Since the property of Golay Complementary Array Pair (GCAP) exactly meets the design criterion of pilot array pair of any antenna, in the single antenna scenario, the embodiment of the application can select the Golay Complementary Array Pair as the pilot array pair of the single antenna. In the single antenna scenario, using the GCAP as the pilot can obtain accurate channel estimation information.

[0242] The definition of GCAP refers to the following definition 2:

[0243] Definition 2: Let A and B be two arrays of size N p ×M p , if the following condition 3 is met:

[0244] then A and B are called a Golay Complementary Array Pair GCAP of size N p ×M p . In other words, the first pilot array pair is the Golay Complementary Array Pair GCAP, and the two first pilot arrays in the GCAP meet the condition 3. Wherein, A and B represent two pilot arrays of size N p ×M p , v represents the shift in the Doppler domain, τ represents the shift in the time delay domain, ρ A (v,τ) represents the aperiodic autocorrelation function of the pilot array A, and ρ B (v,τ) represents the aperiodic autocorrelation function of the pilot array B.

[0245] In the multi-antenna scenario, it is crucial to consider the cross-correlation of the pilot array pair between different antennas. According to the design criterion of the pilot array pair, it is ideally desired that the cross-correlation sidelobe of the pilot array pair is zero. In this case, the mutually orthogonal GCAP meets the design criterion of the pilot array pair, and the definition of the mutually orthogonal GCAP is as follows:

[0246] Definition 3: ρ A,C (v,τ)+ρ B,D (v,τ)=0, wherein A and B represent two pilot arrays of size N p ×M p in the first GCAP, C and D represent two second pilot arrays of size N q ×M q in the second GCAP. V represents the shift in the Doppler domain. τ represents the shift in the time delay domain. ρ A,C (v,τ) represents the aperiodic cross-correlation function of the pilot array A and the pilot array C. ρ B,D (v,τ) represents the aperiodic cross-correlation function of the pilot array B and the pilot array D.

[0247] In a possible implementation of the present application, the transmitting device has multiple antennas, the multiple antennas include the first antenna and the second antenna, the first antenna and the second antenna are any two antennas of the multiple antennas, the first pilot array pair is a first GCAP, the second pilot array pair is a second GCAP, and the first GCAP and the second GCAP are mutually orthogonal in pairs.

[0248] In a possible implementation of the present application, the multiple antennas include the first antenna and the second antenna, the first antenna uses a first GCAP as a first pilot array pair, the second antenna uses a second GCAP as a second pilot array pair, and the first GCAP and the second GCAP satisfy definition 3, so that the second GCAP and the first GCAP are mutually orthogonal.

[0249] It can be understood that the two pilot arrays in the second GCAP of the second antenna and the two pilot arrays in the first GCAP of the first antenna satisfy the above definition 2.

[0250] In the multi-antenna scenario, it is generally desired to support more antennas, which means that more mutually orthogonal in pairs GCAPs need to be used. According to existing research, the number of mutually orthogonal in pairs GCAPs is at most two. Therefore, the embodiments of the present application introduce the concept of a zero correlation zone and use ZCAPS as pilot signals to support multiple antennas, so that the cross correlation between different antennas can be guaranteed to be zero in a local area. Both the sequence pilot scheme and the array pilot scheme have the disadvantage of increasing antenna interference caused by cross correlation sidelobes. The array pairs in the ZCAPS in the embodiments of the present application have the characteristic that the sidelobes in a local area are zero, which guarantees good channel estimation performance under multiple antennas.

[0251] The ZCAPS are defined as follows.

[0252] Definition 4: Let be a set of pilot array pairs, where the pilot array pair size is L1xL2, and if the following conditions are met:

[0253] then is called a ZCAPS with parameters (K, L1, L2, Z1, Z2).

[0254] wherein, represents a non-periodic function of one pilot array in the pilot array pair of the k1th antenna and one pilot array in the pilot array pair of the k2th antenna; represents a non-periodic function of the other pilot array in the pilot array pair of the k1th antenna and the other pilot array in the pilot array pair of the k2th antenna.

[0255] It can be understood that when k1≠k2, the cross-correlation function of the other pilot array in the pilot array pair of the k1th antenna and the other pilot array in the pilot array pair of the k2th antenna. denotes the cross-correlation function of one pilot array in the pilot array pair of the k1th antenna and one pilot array in the pilot array pair of the k2th antenna.

[0256] Z1 and Z2 both represent Z interval size, as a parameter of ZCAPS, in actual application, Z1 and Z2 can be greater than the maximum Doppler frequency offset and the maximum time delay respectively, so that no sidelobe interference is guaranteed.

[0257] It is worth noting that the number K of array pairs, the size L1×L2 of the pilot array pair and the size Z1×Z2 of the zero correlation zone in ZCAPS are mutually restricted. The following theorem gives the restriction relationship between each parameter in ZCAPS.

[0258] It can be understood that the size of L1 and L2 is the same as the size of the two pilot arrays included in the pilot array pair of any antenna, such as L1=N p , L2=M p .

[0259] The ZCAPS designed in the embodiments of the application has flexible parameters, which can be adjusted according to the characteristics of the channel in different scenarios. This includes the size of the pilot and the number of supported antennas and other parameters, so that it can flexibly adapt to different communication environments and needs.

[0260] Theorem 1: For a given ZCAPS with parameters (K, L1, L2, Z1, Z2), the parameters satisfy:

[0261] KZ1Z2≤2(L1+Z1-1)(L2+Z2-1)

[0262] If the parameters (K, L1, L2, Z1, Z2) of the ZCAPS satisfy:

[0263] The ZCAPS is called the optimal ZCAPS.

[0264] According to Theorem 1, when L1=Z1 and L2=Z2, the number of array pairs in the optimal ZCAPS is K=2, at this time, the two array pairs are also mutually orthogonal GCAPs.

[0265] To increase the number of antennas that can be supported, in another possible implementation of the present application, the embodiments of the present application also construct a class of optimal ZCAPS with flexible parameters by using the algebraic structure of generalized Boolean function (GBF). The specific construction process is as follows:

[0266] Theorem 2: Let n and m be two positive integers, and let π and σ be permutations of the sets {1, 2,..., m} and {1, 2,..., n}, respectively. Define a GBF as follows:

[0267] wherein, q is an even number. Based on the generalized Boolean function f:

[0268] wherein, is the binary expansion of a non-negative integer p, then (g p , h p ) is a Golay complementary array pair (GCAP).

[0269] When {σ(n-k1)=n-k1, π(m-k2)=m-k2, k1=0,1,...,K1, k2=0,1,...,K2},

[0270] is a ZCAPS with parameters .

[0271] According to Theorem 1, the parameters of the ZCAPS designed by the embodiments of the present application meet the requirements of optimal ZCAPS, that is, the designed ZCAPS are optimal. The ZCAPS of the embodiments of the present application are constructed based on the algebraic structure of GBF, and therefore can be directly generated by hardware without storage.

[0272] The scheme uses the idea of code division to distinguish different antennas, and by the properties of the designed ZCAPS, it is ensured that the characteristics of aperiodic correlation are used to distinguish different antennas without increasing the pilot overhead, thereby achieving good channel estimation performance.

[0273] According to Theorem 2 in the embodiments of the present application, a ZCAPS with parameters (64, 128, 64, 32, 8) is constructed, and the aperiodic autocorrelation function and the aperiodic cross-correlation function of the complementary array pair in the ZCAPS are verified.

[0274] Assume n = 7, m = 6, K1 = 2, K2 = 3, q = 4, let π = (2, 3, 1, 4, 5, 6), σ = (3, 1, 4, 2, 5, 6, 7), s i = t g = 0, s0 = 1, the expression of the generalized Boolean function f is:

[0275] f = x2x3 + x3x1 + x1x4 + x4x5 + x5x6 + y3y1 + y1y4 + y4y2 + y2y5 + y6y7 + x6y3 + x3 + 1. Let p = 26, then the corresponding GBF is:

[0276] g 26 = f + x5 + x1 + y6, K2 = 3, as shown in FIG. 10, FIG. 10 is a non-periodic autocorrelation function diagram of (g 26 , h 26 ).

[0277] Let p = 54, then the corresponding GBF is:

[0278] g 54 = f + x5 + x4 + y6 + y5, h 54 = g 54 + x1, as shown in FIG. 11, FIG. 11 is a non-periodic cross-correlation function diagram of (g 26 , h 26 ) and (g 54 , h 54 ).

[0279] Let p = 6, then the corresponding generalized Boolean function (Generalized Boolean Function, GBF) is:

[0280] g6 = f + x5 + x4, h6 = g6 + x1. As shown in FIG. 12, FIG. 12 is a non-periodic cross-correlation function diagram of (g6, h6) and (g 54 , h 54 ).

[0281] As can be seen from FIG. 10, the array pair in the constructed ZCAPS is GCAP. As can be seen from FIG. 11, the non-periodic cross-correlation functions of (g 26 , h 26 ) and (g 54 , h 54 ) have a zero correlation interval of 128x8. As can be seen from FIG. 12, the non-periodic cross-correlation functions of (g6, h6) and (g 54 , h 54 ) have a zero interval of 32x64. Therefore, the zero correlation interval of the ZCAPS constructed according to Theorem 2 is 32x8.

[0282] The following will take an example of a transmitting device having 16 antennas to describe the channel estimation performance under 16 antennas. As shown in Table 1, Table 1 is the simulation parameters of MIMO-OTFS when performing channel estimation.

[0283] Table 1 Simulation parameters of MIMO-OTFS

[0284] The simulation respectively adopts a pulse pilot scheme, a sequence pilot scheme, an array pilot scheme and an array pair pilot scheme. The following briefly describes the four schemes.

[0285] The pulse pilot needs to be placed with a guard interval around the pilot. Affected by the fixed proportion of pilot overhead, in order to support 16 antennas, the guard interval between pilots is forced to decrease. Assuming that 16 pulse pilots are arranged in the format of 2x8, the size of the guard interval along the Doppler axis k v is 8 resource grids, the size of the guard interval along the delay axis l τ is 3 resource grids, and the pilot overhead is 2x(4x8+1)x8x(2x3+1) = 3696.

[0286] The sequence pilot selects a ZC sequence, and the entire ZC sequence is laid across the entire delay axis. The sequence pilot and the data need to be separated by a guard interval, and the size of the guard interval along the Doppler axis k v is 6 resource grids, and the pilot overhead at this time is (4x6+1)x140 = 3500.

[0287] The array pilot selects a Frank array with a size of 37x37, and the array pilot and the data need to be separated by a guard interval. The size of the guard interval along the Doppler axis k v is 8 resource grids, and the size of the guard interval along the delay axis l τ is 8 resource grids, and the pilot overhead at this time is (4x8+37)x(2x8+37) = 3657.

[0288] The array pair pilot selects the ZCAPS constructed in Theorem 2, and the parameters of the ZCAPS are (16, 32, 16, 8, 8). The array pilot and the data symbol need a guard interval, and the two array pilots also need a guard interval. The size of the guard interval along the Doppler axis k v is 8 resource grids, and the size of the guard interval along the delay axis l τ is 8 resource grids, and the pilot overhead at this time is (4x8+32)x(3x8+2x16) = 3584.

[0289] Specifically, the channel estimation performance of the 16-antenna system under different schemes is shown in Figure 13. As can be seen from Figure 13, under the influence of a fixed pilot overhead ratio, different pulse pilots in a multi-antenna scenario may cause aliasing at the receiver, thus reducing channel estimation performance. Furthermore, the periodic cross-correlation function of the ZC sequence exhibits... The Frank array exhibits sidelobes, which can cause severe interference in multi-antenna scenarios. Both aperiodic autocorrelation and cross-correlation in the Frank array produce sidelobes, especially when the Frank array size is small, resulting in more severe sidelob interference and the worst channel estimation performance. The pilot array pair scheme proposed in this invention, using ZCAPS as pilots, achieves optimal channel estimation performance because there is a zero-correlation region between any two array pairs. When this zero-correlation region is larger than the maximum Doppler offset and maximum time delay offset of the channel, there is no sidelobe interference between pilots from different antennas.

[0290] Based on the parameters shown in Table 1, and as illustrated in Figure 14, which uses a time-delay-Doppler domain comprising 68×60 resource elements as an example, Figure 14 shows the distribution of an antenna pilot array pair in the time-delay-Doppler domain. In the scenario shown in Figure 14, the pilot region size is 32×16, and the second guard interval between pilot regions is 4kΩ. v ×3l τ Among them, k v =8,l τ =8 Therefore, the pilot overhead (including two parts: pilot and guard interval) is (32+4×8)×(16+3×8)=3584.

[0291] It should be understood that existing technologies may change as technical solutions evolve, and the technical solutions provided in this application are not limited to the existing technologies provided.

[0292] It should be noted that different embodiments or some steps (e.g., any one or more steps) in different embodiments of this application can be combined with each other to form new embodiments. It should also be noted that the scope of this application is not limited to including optional steps in a certain embodiment, mandatory steps in a certain embodiment, or both optional and mandatory steps in a certain embodiment.

[0293] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified or in case of logical conflict, the terminology and / or descriptions between different embodiments are consistent and can be referenced in each other.

[0294] It should be noted that the order of the steps in the embodiments of this application is not limited by this application.

[0295] It should be noted that the order of the judgment of different conditions in the embodiments of the present application is not limited in the present application.

[0296] It should be noted that the "after" and "time" in the present application are not strictly limited to the time point.

[0297] It should be noted that the nouns, terms and the like involved in the present application are only examples, and can also be other names, which are not limited in the present application.

[0298] The above mainly introduces the scheme of the embodiments of the present application from the perspective of interaction between various network elements. It can be understood that various network elements, such as sending devices and receiving devices, include corresponding structures and / or software modules for executing various functions in order to achieve the above functions. Those skilled in the art should easily realize that the units and algorithm steps of the examples described in combination with the embodiments disclosed in the present application can be realized in the form of hardware or a combination of hardware and computer software. Whether a certain function is executed in hardware or computer software driven hardware depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Professional technicians can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of the present application.

[0299] The embodiments of the present application can divide the functional units of the sending device and the receiving device according to the above method examples. For example, each functional unit can be divided according to each function, or two or more functions can be integrated in one processing unit. The integrated unit can be realized in the form of hardware or software functional unit. It should be noted that the division of units in the embodiments of the present application is illustrative, and is only a logical function division. Actual implementation can have another division method.

[0300] The above describes the method of the embodiments of the present application in combination with FIG. 6. The wireless communication device provided by the embodiments of the present application for executing the above method is described below. Those skilled in the art can understand that the method and the device can be combined and referenced with each other, and the wireless communication device provided by the embodiments of the present application can execute the steps executed by the sending device and the receiving device in the above communication method.

[0301] In the case of using integrated units, FIG. 15 shows the wireless communication device involved in the above embodiments, which can include a communication module 1513 and a processing module 1512.

[0302] In an optional implementation, the wireless communication device can further include a storage module 1511 for storing the program code and data of the communication device.

[0303] In an aspect, the wireless communication apparatus is a transmitting device, or a chip applied in the transmitting device. In this case, the communication module 1513 is configured to support the wireless communication apparatus to communicate with an external network element (e.g., a receiving device). For example, the communication module 1513 is configured to perform the signal transceiving operation of the transmitting device in the method embodiments described above. The processing module 1512 is configured to perform the signal processing operation of the transmitting device in the method embodiments described above.

[0304] In an example, the communication module 1513 is configured to support the transmitting device to perform the receiving and / or transmitting action, such as the action of transmitting the first transmission signal in step 603. The processing module 1512 is configured to perform the steps 601 and 602 described above.

[0305] Optionally, the communication module 1513 is further configured to perform the action of transmitting the second transmission signal. The processing module 1512 is configured to perform the actions of obtaining the second pilot array pair of the second antenna, mapping the second pilot array pair of the second antenna to the two pilot regions, and mapping the second data signal to the data region described above.

[0306] In another aspect, the wireless communication apparatus is a receiving device, or a chip applied in the receiving device. In this case, the communication module 1513 is configured to support the wireless communication apparatus to communicate with an external network element (e.g., a transmitting device). For example, the communication module 1513 is configured to perform the signal transceiving operation of the receiving device in the method embodiments described above. The processing module 1512 is configured to perform the signal processing operation of the receiving device in the method embodiments described above.

[0307] In an example, the communication module 1513 is configured to support the receiving device to perform the receiving and / or transmitting action, such as the action of receiving the first transmission signal performed by the receiving device in step 603. The processing module 1512 is configured to perform the step 604 described above.

[0308] Optionally, the communication module 1513 is further configured to perform the action of receiving the second transmission signal. The processing module 1512 is configured to perform the actions of obtaining the second pilot array pair of the second antenna, mapping the second pilot array pair of the second antenna to the two pilot regions, and mapping the second data signal to the data region described above. The processing module 1512 is further configured to perform channel estimation according to the time-delay-Doppler domain signal of the second antenna and the second pilot array pair to obtain the second data signal.

[0309] The processing module 1512 can be a processor or a controller, for example, a central processing unit, a general purpose processor, a digital signal processor, an application specific integrated circuit, a field programmable gate array, or other programmable logic device, transistor logic device, hardware component, or any combination thereof. It can implement or execute the various exemplary logical blocks, modules, and circuits described in connection with the disclosure. The processor can also be a combination of computing functions, such as a combination of one or more microprocessors, a combination of a digital signal processor and a microprocessor, and the like. The communication module can be a transceiver, a transceiver circuit, or a communication interface, and the like. The storage module can be a memory.

[0310] When the processing module 1512 is the processor 1601 or the processor 1605, the communication module 1513 is the communication interface 1603, and the storage module 1511 is the memory 1602, the wireless communication device involved in the present application can be a communication device as shown in FIG. 16. For example, the communication interface can be a transceiver.

[0311] As shown in FIG. 16, FIG. 16 shows a hardware structure schematic diagram of a communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application. The hardware structure of the first network element in the embodiment of the present application can refer to the structure as shown in FIG. 16. The communication device includes a processor 1601, a communication line 1604. Optionally, it can also include at least one transceiver (only exemplary in FIG. 16, for example, described by taking the communication interface 1603 as an example).

[0312] The processor 1601 can be a general central processing unit (CPU), a microprocessor, an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or one or more integrated circuits for controlling the execution of programs of the present application.

[0313] The communication line 1604 can include a path for transmitting information between the above-mentioned components.

[0314] The communication interface 1603 uses any transceiver-like device, for example, to communicate with other devices or communication networks, such as an Ethernet, a radio access network (RAN), a wireless local area network (WLAN), and the like.

[0315] Optionally, the communication device can also include a memory 1602.

[0316] The memory 1602 can be a read-only memory (ROM) or other type of static storage device that can store static information and instructions, a random access memory (RAM), or other type of dynamic storage device that can store information and instructions, an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), a compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM) or other optical disk storage, a magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium capable of storing desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and that can be accessed by a computer, but is not limited to this. The memory can exist independently, and is connected to the processor through the communication line 1604. The memory can also be integrated with the processor.

[0317] The memory 1602 is configured to store computer-executable instructions for implementing the solutions of the present application, and the processor 1601 is configured to execute the computer-executable instructions stored in the memory 1602. Thus, the processor 1601 can implement the sensing communication method provided by the embodiments of the present application.

[0318] Optionally, the computer-executable instructions in the embodiments of the present application can also be referred to as application program codes, and the embodiments of the present application do not make a specific limitation on this.

[0319] In a specific implementation, as an example, the processor 1601 can include one or more CPUs, such as CPU0 and CPU1 in FIG. 16.

[0320] In a specific implementation, as an example, the communication device can include multiple processors, such as the processor 1601 and the processor 1605 in FIG. 16. Each of the processors can be a single-CPU processor or a multi-CPU processor. The processor herein can refer to one or more devices, circuits, and / or processing cores for processing data (for example, computer program instructions).

[0321] FIG. 17 is a structural schematic diagram of a chip 170 according to an embodiment of the present application. The chip 170 includes one or more (including two) processors 1710 and a communication interface 1730.

[0322] Optionally, the chip 170 further includes a memory 1740, which can include a read-only memory and a random access memory, and provides the processor 1710 with operation instructions and data. A part of the memory 1740 can further include a non-volatile random access memory (NVRAM).

[0323] In some embodiments, the memory 1740 stores the following elements, execution modules or data structures, or a subset thereof, or an extended set thereof.

[0324] In the embodiments of the present application, corresponding operations are performed by invoking operation instructions stored in the memory 1740 (which can be stored in an operating system).

[0325] In one possible implementation, the structures of the sending device and the receiving device are similar, and different devices can use different chips to implement respective functions.

[0326] The processor 1710 controls the processing operation of any one of the sending device and the receiving device, and the processor 1710 can also be referred to as a CPU.

[0327] The memory 1740 can include a read-only memory and a random access memory, and provide the processor 1710 with instructions and data. A part of the memory 1740 can further include a NVRAM. For example, the memory 1740, the communication interface 1730 and the memory 1740 are coupled together through a bus system 1720, which can include a data bus in addition to power supply buses, control buses and state signal buses. However, for the purpose of clear illustration, various buses are all marked as the bus system 1720 in FIG. 17.

[0328] The method disclosed in the embodiments of the present application can be applied to the processor 1710 or implemented by the processor 1710. The processor 1710 can be an integrated circuit chip having a signal processing capability. In the implementation process, the steps of the method disclosed above can be completed by using an integrated logic circuit or a software form of an instruction in the processor 1710. The processor 1710 disclosed above can be a general processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an ASIC, a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gates or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components. The methods, steps and logic block diagrams disclosed in the embodiments of the present application can be implemented or executed. The general processor can be a microprocessor or the processor can also be any conventional processor or the like. The steps of the method disclosed in conjunction with the embodiments of the present application can be directly embodied as a hardware code processor for execution, or a combination of hardware and software modules in the code processor. The software module can be located in a random access memory, a flash memory, a read-only memory, a programmable read-only memory or an electrically erasable programmable memory, a register, or other mature storage medium in the art. The storage medium is located in the memory 1740, and the processor 1710 reads the information in the memory 1740 and combines the hardware to complete the steps of the method.

[0329] In a possible implementation, the communication interface 1730 is configured to perform the receiving and transmitting steps performed by the receiving device in the above-described embodiments. The processor 1710 is configured to perform the processing steps performed by the receiving device in the above-described embodiments.

[0330] In a possible implementation, the communication interface 1730 is configured to perform the receiving and transmitting steps performed by the receiving device in the above-described embodiments. The processor 1710 is configured to perform the processing steps performed by the receiving device in the above-described embodiments.

[0331] The above communication module can be a communication interface of the device, configured to receive signals from other devices. For example, when the device is implemented in the form of a chip, the communication module is a communication interface of the chip, configured to receive signals or transmit signals from or to other chips or devices.

[0332] In an aspect, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, and the computer-readable storage medium stores instructions. When the instructions are executed, the functions performed by the sending device in the above-described embodiments are implemented.

[0333] In an aspect, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, and the computer-readable storage medium stores instructions. When the instructions are executed, the functions performed by the receiving device in the above-described embodiments are implemented.

[0334] In an aspect, a computer program product including instructions is provided. The instructions, when executed, implement the functions performed by the receiving device in the embodiments described above.

[0335] In an aspect, a computer program product including instructions is provided. The instructions, when executed, implement the functions performed by the receiving device in the embodiments described above.

[0336] In an aspect, a chip is provided. The chip is applied in the receiving device. The chip includes at least one processor. The processor is configured to execute instructions to implement the functions performed by the receiving device in the embodiments described above.

[0337] Optionally, the chip further includes a communication interface. The communication interface is coupled with the at least one processor.

[0338] In an aspect, a chip is provided. The chip is applied in the receiving device. The chip includes at least one processor. The processor is configured to execute instructions to implement the functions performed by the receiving device in the embodiments described above.

[0339] Embodiments of the present application provide a communication system. The communication system includes a sending device and a receiving device. The sending device is configured to perform the functions performed by the sending device in the embodiments described above.

[0340] In the embodiments described above, all or part of the embodiments can be implemented by software, hardware, firmware or any combination thereof. When implemented by software, all or part of the embodiments can be implemented in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer programs or instructions. When the computer programs or instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, all or part of the processes or functions described in the embodiments of the present application are performed. The computer can be a general purpose computer, a special purpose computer, a computer network, a network device, a user equipment or other programmable apparatus. The computer programs or instructions can be stored in a computer readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer readable storage medium to another computer readable storage medium, for example, the computer programs or instructions can be transmitted from one website site, computer, server or data center to another website site, computer, server or data center through wired or wireless manner. The computer readable storage medium can be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer or a data storage device such as a server, data center and the like integrated with one or more available media. The available media can be a magnetic medium, such as a floppy disk, a hard disk, a magnetic tape; an optical medium, such as a digital video disc (digital video disc, DVD); and a semiconductor medium, such as a solid state drive (solid state drive, SSD).

[0341] Although the application has been described in connection with various embodiments thereof, it will be understood that other modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art in view of the foregoing disclosure, the drawings, and the accompanying claims. It is therefore contemplated that the application will be practiced otherwise than as specifically set forth herein. For example, claims can be presented that are broader in scope than the above described embodiments. Accordingly, the specification and drawings are to be regarded in an illustrative, rather than a restrictive, sense. The application is intended to cover any and all modifications and variations of the application herein disclosed. It is therefore intended that the application be interpreted by the appended claims to include all such modifications and variations.

[0342] Although the application has been described in connection with specific embodiments thereof, it will be understood that various modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art in view of the foregoing disclosure, the drawings, and the accompanying claims. Accordingly, it is intended that the application be interpreted broadly in accordance with the appended claims and their equivalents. It will be understood that certain features and subcombinations are of utility and can be employed without reference to other features and subcombinations. This is contemplated by and is within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for signal transmission, characterized in that, include: The communication device acquires a first pilot array pair corresponding to the first antenna of the communication device, wherein the first pilot array pair includes two first pilot arrays; The communication device maps the first pilot array pair to the pilot region pair in the time-delay-Doppler domain and maps the first data signal to the data region in the time-delay-Doppler domain to obtain the time-delay-Doppler domain signal of the first antenna; wherein, the pilot region pair includes two pilot regions, and the two pilot regions are mapped one-to-one with the two first pilot arrays; The communication device sends a first transmission signal, which is obtained by processing the time-delay-Doppler domain signal of the first antenna.

2. The signal transmission method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The communication device also has a second antenna, and the method further includes: The communication device acquires the second pilot array pair corresponding to the second antenna, the second pilot array pair including two second pilot arrays; the first pilot array pair and the second pilot array pair are different pilot array pairs; The communication device maps the second pilot array pair to the two pilot regions and maps the second data signal to the data region to obtain the time-delay-Doppler domain signal of the second antenna; the two pilot regions are mapped one-to-one with the two second pilot arrays; The communication device transmits a second transmission signal obtained by processing the time-delay-Doppler domain signal of the second antenna.

3. A method for signal transmission, characterized in that, include: The communication device receives a first transmission signal, which is obtained by processing the time-delay-Doppler domain signal of the first antenna; wherein, the time-delay-Doppler domain signal of the first antenna includes a first pilot array pair mapped to two pilot regions in the time-delay-Doppler domain and a first data signal mapped to a data region in the time-delay-Doppler domain, and the two pilot regions are mapped one-to-one with the two first pilot arrays included in the first pilot array pair; The communication device performs channel estimation based on the time-delay-Doppler domain signal of the first antenna and the first pilot array to obtain the first data signal.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The method further includes: The communication device receives a second transmission signal, which is obtained by processing the time-delay-Doppler domain signal of the second antenna. The time-delay-Doppler domain signal of the second antenna includes: a second pilot array pair mapped to the two pilot regions and a second data signal mapped to the data region. The first pilot array pair and the second pilot array pair are different. The communication device performs channel estimation based on the time-delay-Doppler domain signal of the second antenna and the second pilot array to obtain the second data signal.

5. The signal transmission method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The communication device has one or more antennas, the first antenna being any one of the one or more antennas, and the first pilot array pair satisfying the following requirements: Where x1 and x2 represent sizes N respectively. p ×M p The first pilot array, where ν represents the Doppler domain shift and τ represents the time delay domain shift. This represents the aperiodic autocorrelation function of the first pilot array x1. Let x2 be the aperiodic autocorrelation function of the first pilot array x2.

6. The signal transmission method according to any one of claims 2, 4, and 5, characterized in that, The communication device has multiple antennas, including a first antenna and a second antenna, wherein the first pilot array pair and the second pilot array pair satisfy the following requirements: in, i and j represent the identifiers of the first antenna and the second antenna, respectively. This refers to one of the pilot arrays in the second pilot array pair of the second antenna. This refers to the other pilot array in the second pilot array pair of the second antenna. This refers to one of the pilot arrays in the first pilot array pair of the first antenna. This refers to the other pilot array in the first pilot array pair of the first antenna. This represents the aperiodic cross-correlation function between a pilot array of the first antenna and a pilot array of the second antenna. This represents the aperiodic cross-correlation function between the other pilot array of the first antenna and the other pilot array of the second antenna.

7. The signal transmission method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The first pilot array pair is a Golay complementary array pair (GCAP), and the two pilot arrays in the GCAP satisfy the following requirements: Where A and B represent sizes N respectively. p ×M p Two pilot arrays, where ν represents the Doppler domain shift, τ represents the time delay domain shift, and ρ A (ν, τ) represents the non-periodic autocorrelation function of pilot array A, ρ B (ν, τ) represents the aperiodic autocorrelation function of pilot array B.

8. The signal transmission method according to any one of claims 2, 4, and 5, characterized in that, The communication device has multiple antennas, including a first antenna and a second antenna, wherein the first antenna and the second antenna are any two antennas among the multiple antennas, the first pilot array pair is a first GCAP, the second pilot array pair is a second GCAP, and the first GCAP and the second GCAP are mutually orthogonal.

9. The signal transmission method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The first GCAP and the second GCAP satisfy the following conditions: ρ A,C (v,τ)+ρ B,D (v,τ)=0, where A and B represent the two pilot arrays of the first GCAP, C and D represent the two pilot arrays of the second GCAP, ν represents the Doppler domain shift, τ represents the time delay domain shift, and ρ A,C (v,τ) represents the aperiodic cross-correlation function of pilot array A and pilot array C, ρ B,D (v,τ) represents the aperiodic cross-correlation function of pilot array B and pilot array D.

10. The signal transmission method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The communication device has one or more antennas, and the pilot array pair of any of the antennas is selected from a set of array pairs. Array pair set Let ZCAPS be a set of Z-complementary array pairs with parameters (K, L1, L2, Z1, Z2). The size of any array pair is L1×L2. and These represent the two pilot arrays in the pilot array pair of the k-th antenna, where K represents the number of antennas in the communication device; in, Where ν represents the shift in the Doppler domain and τ represents the shift in the time delay domain. Let be a non-periodic function representing one pilot array in the pilot array pair of the k1-th antenna and one pilot array in the pilot array pair of the k2-th antenna; Let represent a non-periodic function of the other pilot array in the pilot array pair of the k1-th antenna and the other pilot array in the pilot array pair of the k2-th antenna.

11. The signal transmission method according to claim 10, characterized in that, The parameters in the equation satisfy the following requirement: KZ1Z2≤2(L1+Z1-1)(L2+Z2-1).

12. The signal transmission method according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that, The parameters (K, L1, L2, Z1, Z2) of ZCAPS satisfy 13. The signal transmission method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The communication device has multiple antennas, and the pilot array pairs used by the multiple antennas are selected from... A is a parameter ZCAPS, where n and m represent two positive integers, and π and σ are permutations of the sets {1,2,...,m} and {1,2,...,n}, respectively.

14. The signal transmission method according to any one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that, The time-delay-Doppler domain further includes a guard interval region, which includes a first guard interval region and / or a second guard interval region, and the signal mapped by the guard interval region is empty; The first protection interval region is located between the two pilot regions and the data region; The second protection interval region is located between the two pilot regions.

15. The signal transmission method according to claim 14, characterized in that, The first guard interval region has a size of at least 4k along the Doppler axis of the time delay-Doppler domain. v The magnitude of the time delay axis along the time delay-Doppler domain is at least 3l. τ , where k v l represents the maximum Doppler frequency shift. τ Indicates the maximum multipath delay offset; The size of the second protection interval region is at least 4k v ×l τ .

16. A wireless communication device, characterized in that, include: processor; When the processor executes instructions stored in the memory, the instructions cause the wireless communication device to perform the method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 2 or any one of claims 5 to 15, or the method as claimed in any one of claims 3 to 15.

17. The wireless communication device according to claim 16, characterized in that, It also includes the memory.

18. The wireless communication device according to claim 16 or 17, characterized in that, It also includes a transceiver coupled to the processor, the transceiver being used to communicate with other devices or communication networks.

19. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores computer-executable instructions that, when executed by a processor, are used to implement the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 2 or any one of claims 5 to 15, or the method as described in any one of claims 3 to 15.

20. A chip, characterized in that, The chip integrates at least one integrated circuit for implementing the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 2 or any one of claims 5 to 15, or the method as described in any one of claims 3 to 15.

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