Carbon metering apparatus and method applicable to photovoltaic energy storage system

Abstract

Provided in the present invention is a carbon metering apparatus applicable to a photovoltaic energy storage system. The carbon metering apparatus comprises: an electric energy metering module, a positioning module, a communication module, a control module, a data interface module and a display module, wherein the electric energy metering module is used for collecting real-time direct-current power generation capacity data and real-time alternating-current power generation capacity data of the photovoltaic energy storage system; on the basis of the real-time direct-current power generation capacity data and the real-time alternating-current power generation capacity data, the control module calculates real-time carbon metering data of photovoltaic direct-current power generation, real-time reverse carbon metering data of an alternating-current power grid and real-time emission reduction carbon metering data of the photovoltaic energy storage system; and the data interface module is connected to a storage device inside or outside the photovoltaic energy storage system. According to the technical solution of the present invention, real-time emission reduction carbon metering data of a photovoltaic energy storage system is calculated on the basis of collected power generation capacity data, and an apparatus can be embedded into the photovoltaic energy storage system by means of a data interface module, thereby realizing carbon metering of the photovoltaic energy storage system, and improving the compatibility and flexibility of the apparatus.

Description

Carbon metering device and method suitable for photovoltaic energy storage system application TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of carbon metering, and particularly relates to a carbon metering device and method suitable for photovoltaic energy storage system application. BACKGROUND

[0002] As an important means of carbon emission monitoring, carbon metering technology not only provides key data support in carbon trading, but also plays a crucial role in realizing carbon data management. In order to realize accurate carbon emission metering, especially in photovoltaic energy storage systems, the application of related technology is particularly important. Photovoltaic energy storage systems usually need to pass through power conversion devices such as inverters, however, most of the current inverters and related power conversion devices do not have carbon metering function, and usually need to rely on independent metering devices to achieve this, which not only increases the hardware cost, but also increases the difficulty and complexity of system installation and integration. Therefore, an integrated solution is needed, which can realize real-time and accurate carbon metering without significantly increasing the cost and complexity of the system, to effectively support carbon data management and carbon trading. SUMMARY

[0003] The present application aims to make up for the shortcomings of the prior art, and provides a carbon metering device and method suitable for photovoltaic energy storage system application, so as to meet the requirement that the carbon metering device can be modularly embedded in the internal of existing power conversion devices such as inverters, to realize high-precision carbon metering of photovoltaic energy storage systems. At the same time, the present application can also identify the carbon emission accounting differences of different regions in real time, and automatically calculate the corresponding carbon emission data accordingly, to meet the demand of different carbon metering data.

[0004] In a first aspect, the present application provides a carbon metering device suitable for photovoltaic energy storage system, the photovoltaic energy storage system comprising a photovoltaic direct current power generation module and an alternating current power grid, the device comprising:

[0005] a power metering module comprising a photovoltaic power generation direct current power metering circuit connected with the photovoltaic direct current power generation module and a photovoltaic power generation alternating current power metering circuit connected with the alternating current power grid, the photovoltaic power generation direct current power metering circuit being configured to collect real-time direct current power generation data of the photovoltaic direct current power generation module and output the collected real-time direct current power generation data to a control module; the photovoltaic power generation alternating current power metering circuit being configured to collect real-time alternating current power generation data of the alternating current power grid and output the collected real-time alternating current power generation data to the control module;

[0006] a positioning module configured to position the photovoltaic energy storage system and output positioning data information to the control module;

[0007] The communication module is configured to be connected with a communication network, to update and confirm the positioning data information and real-time time information through the network information, and to output the updated and confirmed positioning data information and real-time time information to the control module;

[0008] The control module is configured to calculate real-time carbon measurement data of the photovoltaic direct-current power generation, real-time reverse carbon measurement data of the alternating-current power grid and real-time emission-reduction carbon measurement data of the photovoltaic energy storage system based on the real-time direct-current power generation data and the real-time alternating-current power generation data, and to output the real-time carbon measurement data of the photovoltaic direct-current power generation, the real-time reverse carbon measurement data of the alternating-current power grid and the real-time emission-reduction carbon measurement data of the photovoltaic energy storage system to the data interface module and the display module.

[0009] The data interface module is configured to be connected with a storage device inside or outside the photovoltaic energy storage system, and to store the real-time carbon measurement data of the photovoltaic direct-current power generation, the real-time reverse carbon measurement data of the alternating-current power grid and the real-time emission-reduction carbon measurement data of the photovoltaic energy storage system.

[0010] The display module is configured to display the real-time carbon measurement data of the photovoltaic direct-current power generation, the real-time reverse carbon measurement data of the alternating-current power grid and the real-time emission-reduction carbon measurement data of the photovoltaic energy storage system.

[0011] Optionally, the communication module is further configured to compare and confirm the positioning data information with the network information to obtain regional location information of the photovoltaic energy storage system, and to query a real-time carbon emission factor based on the regional location information and the real-time time information through the network data.

[0012] Optionally, the network information includes positioning data information, regional location information, real-time time information and a real-time carbon emission factor corresponding to the regional location information and the real-time time information of the photovoltaic energy storage system.

[0013] Optionally, the calculation formulas of the real-time carbon measurement data of the photovoltaic direct-current power generation and the real-time reverse carbon measurement data of the alternating-current power grid are respectively: pv (t)=W pv (t)·λ ce (t) and E AC (t)=W AC (t)·λ ce (t);

[0014] wherein, W pv (t) is the real-time direct-current power generation data of the photovoltaic direct-current power generation module, W AC (t) is the real-time alternating-current power generation data of the alternating-current power grid, and λ ce (t) is the real-time carbon emission factor.

[0015] Optionally, the calculation formula of the real-time carbon emission reduction measurement data of the photovoltaic energy storage system is: E Rce (t) = E pv (t) · η da - E AC (t) / η ad ;

[0016] Wherein, η da is the efficiency of the power conversion of the photovoltaic DC power generation module, and η ad is the efficiency of the AC power grid power conversion.

[0017] Optionally, the control module is further configured to accumulate and add the real-time DC power generation data to obtain real-time total accumulated DC power generation data, accumulate and add the real-time AC power generation data to obtain real-time total accumulated AC power generation data, accumulate and add the real-time carbon emission reduction measurement data of the photovoltaic energy storage system to obtain real-time accumulated carbon emission reduction measurement data, and output the real-time total accumulated DC power generation data, the real-time total accumulated AC power generation data and the real-time accumulated carbon emission reduction measurement data to the data interface module and the display module.

[0018] Optionally, the control module is further configured to communicate and store the obtained data and perform format processing, output the processed real-time DC power generation data, real-time total accumulated DC power generation data, real-time AC power generation data, real-time total accumulated AC power generation data, real-time carbon emission reduction measurement data, real-time accumulated carbon emission reduction measurement data, regional location information, real-time time information, carbon measurement device code number, custom data, check code and end bit to the communication module, data interface module and display module.

[0019] The second aspect of the present application provides a carbon measurement method suitable for a photovoltaic energy storage system, which comprises:

[0020] Obtaining real-time DC power generation data of a photovoltaic DC power generation module and real-time AC power generation data of an AC power grid;

[0021] Positioning the photovoltaic energy storage system, and updating the positioning data information and real-time time information of the photovoltaic energy storage system according to network data;

[0022] Calculating real-time carbon measurement data of the photovoltaic DC power generation, real-time reverse carbon measurement data of the AC power grid and real-time carbon emission reduction measurement data of the photovoltaic energy storage system according to the real-time DC power generation data and the real-time AC power generation data;

[0023] Storing and displaying the real-time carbon measurement data, the real-time reverse carbon measurement data and the real-time carbon emission reduction measurement data.

[0024] Optionally, the method further comprises:

[0025] comparing and confirming the positioning data information with the network information to obtain regional location information of the photovoltaic energy storage system;

[0026] querying a corresponding real-time carbon emission factor based on the regional location information and the real-time time information through the network data;

[0027] calculating real-time carbon measurement data of the photovoltaic direct-current power generation and real-time reverse carbon measurement data of the alternating-current power grid based on the real-time direct-current power generation data, the real-time alternating-current power generation data and the real-time carbon emission factor.

[0028] Optionally, the method further comprises:

[0029] cumulatively adding the real-time direct-current power generation data to obtain real-time total cumulative direct-current power generation data, cumulatively adding the real-time alternating-current power generation data to obtain real-time total cumulative alternating-current power generation data, and cumulatively adding the real-time emission reduction carbon measurement data of the photovoltaic energy storage system to obtain real-time cumulative emission reduction carbon measurement data;

[0030] storing and displaying the real-time total cumulative direct-current power generation data, the real-time total cumulative alternating-current power generation data and the real-time cumulative emission reduction carbon measurement data.

[0031] According to the first aspect of the present application, the control module calculates real-time carbon measurement data of photovoltaic direct-current power generation, real-time reverse carbon measurement data of the alternating-current power grid and real-time emission reduction carbon measurement data of the photovoltaic energy storage system based on real-time direct-current power generation and real-time alternating-current power generation collected by the electric energy measurement module. Meanwhile, through the data interface module connected with the internal or external energy storage device of the photovoltaic energy storage system, the carbon measurement device of the present application can be directly embedded into the photovoltaic energy storage system for accurate real-time carbon measurement, which reduces the difficulty and complexity of carbon measurement of the photovoltaic energy storage system and also reduces the hardware demand cost.

[0032] Further, in the present application, the regional location information and the real-time time information of the photovoltaic energy storage system are obtained through the positioning and communication module, and the communication module queries the real-time carbon emission factor based on the above information. Therefore, the present application does not require the user to perform complex parameter settings of the location and the carbon emission factor, and the carbon measurement device has the positioning and networking functions, which can perform real-time positioning update and real-time time update on the photovoltaic energy storage system, thereby realizing efficient collection and monitoring of carbon data.

[0033] The above description is only a summary of the technical scheme of the present application. In order to more clearly understand the technical means of the present application and can be implemented in accordance with the content of the description, the following will be described in detail with the preferred embodiments of the present application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0034] Fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a carbon metering device scenario structure suitable for photovoltaic energy storage system applications according to the present application.

[0035] Fig. 2 shows a schematic diagram of a carbon metering device principle composition structure suitable for photovoltaic energy storage system applications according to the present application.

[0036] Fig. 3 shows a flow chart of a carbon metering method suitable for photovoltaic energy storage systems according to some embodiments of the present application.

[0037] Fig. 4 shows a flow chart of a carbon metering method suitable for photovoltaic energy storage systems according to some other embodiments of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] In order to make the above objectives, features and advantages of the present application more comprehensible and easily understandable, specific embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It can be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application, but not to limit the present application. In addition, it should be noted that, for the purpose of description, only the parts related to the present application are shown in the drawings, rather than all the structures. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0039] The terms "comprising" and "having" and any variations thereof in the present application are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product or device including a series of steps or units is not limited to the listed steps or units, but can optionally include steps or units not listed, or can optionally include other steps or units inherent to the process, method, product or device.

[0040] Reference herein to "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment can be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The appearance of the phrase in various places in the specification does not necessarily all refer to the same embodiment, nor is it necessarily mutually exclusive of other embodiments. It is expressly understood that the embodiments described herein can be combined with each other.

[0041] Fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a carbon metering device scenario structure suitable for photovoltaic energy storage system applications according to the present application. Fig. 2 shows a schematic diagram of a carbon metering device principle composition structure suitable for photovoltaic energy storage system applications according to the present application.

[0042] As shown in FIG. 1, the photovoltaic energy storage system 1 comprises a photovoltaic direct-current power generation module 11, an electric energy conversion module 12, an alternating-current power grid 13, an energy storage module 14 and various loads 15. The carbon metering device 2 can be applied in the photovoltaic energy storage system 1, as shown in FIG. 2, the carbon metering device 2 comprises an electric energy metering module 21, a positioning module 22, a communication module 23, a control module 24, a data interface module 25 and a display module 26.

[0043] Specifically, the electric energy metering module 21 is connected with the control module 24, which comprises a direct-current electric energy metering circuit 211 and an alternating-current electric energy metering circuit 212. The direct-current electric energy metering circuit 211 is connected with the photovoltaic direct-current power generation module 11 in the photovoltaic energy storage system 1, for collecting real-time direct-current power generation data of the photovoltaic direct-current power generation module 11 and transmitting the collected direct-current power generation data to the control module 24. The alternating-current electric energy metering circuit 212 is connected with the alternating-current power grid 13 in the photovoltaic energy storage system 1, for collecting real-time alternating-current power generation data of the alternating-current power grid 13 and transmitting the collected direct-current power generation data to the control module 24. The positioning module 22 is connected with the control module 24, for positioning the photovoltaic energy storage system and transmitting the positioning data information to the control module 24. The communication module 23 is connected with the control module 24 and a communication network, for updating and confirming the positioning data information and real-time time information of the photovoltaic energy storage system according to network information, and transmitting the updated and confirmed positioning data information and real-time time information to the control module 24. The control module 24 calculates real-time carbon metering data of the photovoltaic direct-current power generation module 11, real-time reverse carbon metering data of the alternating-current power grid 13 and real-time emission reduction carbon metering data of the photovoltaic energy storage system 1 according to the above-mentioned real-time direct-current power generation data and real-time alternating-current power generation data, and outputs the calculated real-time carbon metering data, real-time reverse carbon metering data and real-time emission reduction carbon metering data to the data interface module 25 and the display module 26. The data interface module 25 is connected with the control module 24, for receiving the data information transmitted by the control module 24. Meanwhile, the data interface module 25 is connected with a storage device inside or outside the photovoltaic energy storage system 1, for transmitting the received information to the storage device and storing the received various information. The display module 26 is connected with the control module 24, for displaying the received various carbon metering data information.

[0044] In some embodiments, the above-mentioned network information comprises real-time positioning data information, regional location information, real-time time information of the photovoltaic energy storage system 1 and real-time carbon emission factors corresponding to the regional location and real-time time.

[0045] According to the embodiment, the control module calculates real-time carbon measurement data of the photovoltaic direct-current power generation, real-time reverse carbon measurement data of the alternating-current power grid and real-time emission reduction carbon measurement data of the photovoltaic energy storage system based on the real-time direct-current power generation and real-time alternating-current power generation collected by the electric energy measurement module. Meanwhile, through the data interface module connected with the internal or external energy storage device of the photovoltaic energy storage system, the carbon measurement device can be directly embedded into the photovoltaic energy storage system for accurate real-time carbon measurement, which reduces the difficulty and complexity of carbon measurement of the photovoltaic energy storage system and also reduces the hardware demand cost.

[0046] In some other embodiments, after receiving the positioning data information transmitted by the positioning module 22, the control module 24 formats the positioning data information and transmits the processed positioning data information to the communication module 23. The communication module 23 compares and confirms the positioning data information with the network information to obtain the regional location information of the photovoltaic energy storage system 1, and queries the corresponding real-time carbon emission factor in the network data based on the regional location information and real-time time information.

[0047] Specifically, the calculation formula of the real-time carbon measurement data of the photovoltaic direct-current power generation module 11 is as follows:

[0048] E pv (t)=W pv (t)·λ ce (t); wherein, W pv (t) is the real-time direct-current power generation data of the photovoltaic direct-current power generation module 11, λ ce (t) is the real-time carbon emission factor.

[0049] The calculation formula of the real-time reverse carbon measurement data of the alternating-current power grid 13 is as follows:

[0050] E AC (t)=W AC (t)·λ ce (t); wherein, W AC (t) is the real-time alternating-current power generation data of the alternating-current power grid 13, λ ce (t) is the real-time carbon emission factor.

[0051] When the location of the photovoltaic energy storage system 11 and the real-time time are different, the carbon emission factor will also change, so it is necessary to query the real-time carbon emission factor by using the communication module 23. The real-time carbon measurement data of the photovoltaic direct-current power generation module 11 is multiplied by the queried real-time carbon emission factor to obtain the real-time carbon measurement data of the photovoltaic direct-current power generation module 11. The real-time alternating-current power generation data of the alternating-current power grid 13 is multiplied by the queried real-time carbon emission factor to obtain the real-time reverse carbon measurement data of the alternating-current power grid 13.

[0052] Specifically, the calculation formula of the real-time carbon emission reduction data of the photovoltaic energy storage system 1 is as follows:

[0053] E Rce (t)=E pv (t)·η da -E AC (t) / η ad ; wherein, η da is the efficiency of the power conversion of the photovoltaic DC power generation module 11, and η ad is the efficiency of the power conversion of the alternating current power grid 13.

[0054] In actual application, there is energy loss in the process of energy conversion of the photovoltaic DC power generation module 11 and the alternating current power grid 13. Therefore, when calculating the carbon emission reduction data, the real-time carbon emission data of the photovoltaic DC power generation module 11 is multiplied by the efficiency of the power conversion of the photovoltaic DC power generation module 11 to obtain the actual real-time carbon emission data of the photovoltaic DC power generation module 11. The real-time reverse carbon emission data of the alternating current power grid 13 is divided by the efficiency of the power conversion of the alternating current power grid 13 to obtain the actual real-time reverse carbon emission data of the alternating current power grid 13. The efficiency of the power conversion of the photovoltaic DC power generation module 11 and the efficiency of the power conversion of the alternating current power grid 13 are both calibration parameters of the power conversion device.

[0055] In the photovoltaic energy storage system 1, the greenhouse gas emission is reduced by replacing the traditional fossil fuel power generation with the photovoltaic DC power generation module 11 and the energy storage module 14. However, the alternating current power grid 13 will also produce carbon emission when it supplements the power for the photovoltaic energy storage system 1. Therefore, the real-time carbon emission reduction data of the photovoltaic energy storage system 1 is the actual real-time carbon emission data of the photovoltaic DC power generation module 11 minus the actual real-time reverse carbon emission data of the alternating current power grid 13.

[0056] In some other embodiments, the control module 24 accumulates and adds the real-time DC power generation data transmitted by the power metering module 21 to obtain the real-time total accumulated DC power generation data ΣW pv (t); accumulates and adds the real-time AC power generation data to obtain the real-time total accumulated AC power generation data ΣW AC (t); and accumulates and adds the calculated real-time carbon emission reduction data to obtain the real-time accumulated carbon emission reduction data ∑E Rce (t). The real-time total accumulated DC power generation data, the real-time total accumulated AC power generation data, and the real-time accumulated carbon emission reduction data are stored through the data interface module 25 and displayed through the display module 26.

[0057] In some other embodiments, the control module 24 communicates and stores the received and calculated data after format processing. The processed data format is as follows:

[0058] Table 1

[0059] Table 1 shows the processed data format, in some possible embodiments, the custom data can include the service life of the inverter used in the photovoltaic energy storage system 1, the equipment number, and environmental data, etc. The check code is used to detect errors that may occur during data transmission to ensure the accuracy and integrity of the data. The end bit is used to mark the end of the data packet to ensure that the receiving end can identify the complete data packet. The control module 24 transmits the processed data information to the data interface module 25 and the display module 26 for communication storage and display according to the above data format.

[0060] In some embodiments, the control module 24 transmits the processed data information to the communication module 23 for communication data upload. In addition, the communication module 23 is also connected with the compatible communication module of the used inverter device in the photovoltaic energy storage system 1, and transmits the processed data information to the photovoltaic energy storage system 1 according to the above data format.

[0061] According to the above embodiments, the regional position information and real-time time information of the photovoltaic energy storage system are obtained through the positioning and communication module, and the communication module queries the real-time carbon emission factor based on the above information. Therefore, the user does not need to perform complex parameter settings of the position and the carbon emission factor, the carbon metering device has the positioning and networking function, can perform real-time positioning update and real-time time update on the photovoltaic energy storage system, so as to realize efficient collection and monitoring of the carbon data.

[0062] FIG. 3 shows a flowchart of a carbon metering method suitable for a photovoltaic energy storage system according to some embodiments of the present application. As shown in FIG. 3, the carbon metering method comprises:

[0063] Step S310, obtaining real-time direct current power generation data of a photovoltaic direct current power generation module and real-time alternating current power generation data of an alternating current power grid.

[0064] Step S320, positioning the photovoltaic energy storage system, and updating the positioning data information and real-time time information of the photovoltaic energy storage system according to network data.

[0065] Step S330, calculating real-time carbon metering data of the photovoltaic direct current power generation, real-time reverse carbon metering data of the alternating current power grid, and real-time emission reduction carbon metering data of the photovoltaic energy storage system according to the real-time direct current power generation data and the real-time alternating current power generation data.

[0066] Step S340, storing and displaying the real-time carbon metering data, the real-time reverse carbon metering data, and the real-time emission reduction carbon metering data.

[0067] FIG. 4 shows a flowchart of a carbon metering method suitable for a photovoltaic energy storage system according to some other embodiments of the present application.

[0068] Step S410, the positioning data information is compared with the network information to obtain the regional location information of the photovoltaic energy storage system.

[0069] Step S420, based on the regional location information and the real-time time information, the corresponding real-time carbon emission factor is queried through the network data.

[0070] Step S430, based on the real-time direct current power generation data, the real-time alternating current power generation data and the real-time carbon emission factor, the real-time carbon measurement data of the photovoltaic direct current power generation and the real-time reverse carbon measurement data of the alternating current power grid are calculated.

[0071] Step S440, the real-time direct current power generation data is accumulated and added to obtain the real-time total accumulated direct current power generation data, the real-time alternating current power generation data is accumulated and added to obtain the real-time total accumulated alternating current power generation data, and the real-time emission reduction carbon measurement data of the photovoltaic energy storage system is accumulated and added to obtain the real-time cumulative emission reduction carbon measurement data.

[0072] Step S450, the real-time total accumulated direct current power generation data, the real-time total accumulated alternating current power generation data and the real-time cumulative emission reduction carbon measurement data are stored and displayed.

[0073] The above-mentioned carbon measurement method suitable for the photovoltaic energy storage system, the specific implementation of the system for emission reduction carbon measurement refers to the related content of the above-mentioned device, and will not be described too much here.

[0074] The technical features of the above-mentioned embodiments can be combined arbitrarily, in order to make the description simple, all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-mentioned embodiments are not described, however, as long as the combination of these technical features does not exist contradictory, it should be considered that it is the scope of the present application.

[0075] The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present application, the description is more specific and detailed, but it cannot be understood as the limitation of the patent scope of the present application. It should be pointed out that for ordinary skilled in the art, without departing from the concept of the present application, a number of variations and improvements can be made, which belong to the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application patent should be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. A carbon metering device suitable for use in a photovoltaic energy storage system, characterized in that, The photovoltaic energy storage system comprises a photovoltaic direct-current power generation module and an alternating-current power grid, and the device comprises: an electric energy metering module comprising a photovoltaic direct-current power generation direct-current electric energy metering circuit connected to the photovoltaic direct-current power generation module and a photovoltaic direct-current power generation alternating-current electric energy metering circuit connected to the alternating-current power grid, wherein the photovoltaic direct-current power generation direct-current electric energy metering circuit is configured to collect real-time direct-current power generation data of the photovoltaic direct-current power generation module and output the collected real-time direct-current power generation data to a control module; and the photovoltaic direct-current power generation alternating-current electric energy metering circuit is configured to collect real-time alternating-current power generation data of the alternating-current power grid and output the collected real-time alternating-current power generation data to the control module; a positioning module configured to position the photovoltaic energy storage system and output positioning data information to the control module; a communication module configured to be connected to a communication network, update and confirm the positioning data information and real-time time information through network information, and output the updated and confirmed positioning data information and the real-time time information to the control module; the control module is configured to calculate real-time carbon metering data of the photovoltaic direct-current power generation, real-time reverse carbon metering data of the alternating-current power grid, and real-time emission reduction carbon metering data of the photovoltaic energy storage system based on the real-time direct-current power generation data and the real-time alternating-current power generation data, and output the real-time carbon metering data of the photovoltaic direct-current power generation, the real-time reverse carbon metering data of the alternating-current power grid, and the real-time emission reduction carbon metering data of the photovoltaic energy storage system to a data interface module and a display module; the data interface module is configured to be connected to a storage device inside or outside the photovoltaic energy storage system and store the real-time carbon metering data of the photovoltaic direct-current power generation, the real-time reverse carbon metering data of the alternating-current power grid, and the real-time emission reduction carbon metering data of the photovoltaic energy storage system; the display module is configured to display the real-time carbon metering data of the photovoltaic direct-current power generation, the real-time reverse carbon metering data of the alternating-current power grid, and the real-time emission reduction carbon metering data of the photovoltaic energy storage system.

2. The carbon metering device of claim 1, wherein, The communication module is further configured to compare and confirm the positioning data information with the network information to obtain regional position information of the photovoltaic energy storage system, and query a real-time carbon emission factor based on the regional position information and the real-time time information through the network data.

3. The carbon metering device of claim 1, wherein, The network information comprises the positioning data information, the regional position information, the real-time time information, and the real-time carbon emission factor corresponding to the regional position information and the real-time time information of the photovoltaic energy storage system.

4. The carbon metering device of claim 2, wherein, The calculation formulae of the real-time carbon metering data of the photovoltaic direct-current power generation and the real-time reverse carbon metering data of the alternating-current power grid are respectively: E pv (t) = W pv (t) · λ ce (t) and E AC (t) = W AC (t) · λ ce (t); Wherein, W pv (t) is the real-time direct-current power generation data of the photovoltaic direct-current power generation module, W AC (t) is the real-time alternating-current power generation data of the alternating-current power grid, λ ce (t) is the real-time carbon emission factor.

5. The carbon metering device of claim 4, wherein, The calculation formula of the real-time emission reduction carbon metering data of the photovoltaic energy storage system is: E Rce (t) = E pv (t) · η da -E AC (t) / η ad ; wherein η da is the efficiency of the power conversion of the photovoltaic DC power generation module, η ad is the efficiency of the AC grid power conversion.

6. The carbon metering device of claim 5, wherein, The control module is further configured to cumulatively add the real-time direct-current power generation data to obtain real-time total cumulative direct-current power generation data, cumulatively add the real-time alternating-current power generation data to obtain real-time total cumulative alternating-current power generation data, cumulatively add the real-time carbon emission reduction measurement data of the photovoltaic energy storage system to obtain real-time cumulative carbon emission reduction measurement data, and output the real-time total cumulative direct-current power generation data, the real-time total cumulative alternating-current power generation data and the real-time cumulative carbon emission reduction measurement data to the data interface module and the display module.

7. The carbon metering device according to claims 1-6, characterized in that The control module is further configured to communicate and store the obtained data in a format, and output the processed real-time direct-current power generation data, the real-time total cumulative direct-current power generation data, the real-time alternating-current power generation data, the real-time total cumulative alternating-current power generation data, the real-time carbon emission reduction measurement data, the real-time cumulative carbon emission reduction measurement data, the regional location information, the real-time time information, the carbon measurement device code number, the self-defined data, the check code and the end bit to the communication module, the data interface module and the display module.

8. A carbon metering method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that The method comprises: obtaining real-time direct-current power generation data of a photovoltaic direct-current power generation module and real-time alternating-current power generation data of an alternating-current power grid; positioning the photovoltaic energy storage system, and updating the positioning data information and the real-time time information of the photovoltaic energy storage system according to network data; calculating real-time carbon measurement data of the photovoltaic direct-current power generation, real-time reverse carbon measurement data of the alternating-current power grid and real-time carbon emission reduction measurement data of the photovoltaic energy storage system according to the real-time direct-current power generation data and the real-time alternating-current power generation data; storing and displaying the real-time carbon measurement data, the real-time reverse carbon measurement data and the real-time carbon emission reduction measurement data.

9. The carbon metering method of claim 8, wherein, The method further comprises: comparing the positioning data information with the network information to obtain regional location information of the photovoltaic energy storage system; querying a corresponding real-time carbon emission factor based on the regional location information and the real-time time information through the network data; calculating real-time carbon measurement data of the photovoltaic direct-current power generation and real-time reverse carbon measurement data of the alternating-current power grid based on the real-time direct-current power generation data, the real-time alternating-current power generation data and the real-time carbon emission factor.

10. The carbon metering method of claim 8, wherein, The method further comprises: cumulatively adding the real-time direct-current power generation data to obtain real-time total cumulative direct-current power generation data, cumulatively adding the real-time alternating-current power generation data to obtain real-time total cumulative alternating-current power generation data, and cumulatively adding the real-time carbon emission reduction measurement data of the photovoltaic energy storage system to obtain real-time cumulative carbon emission reduction measurement data; storing and displaying the real-time total cumulative direct-current power generation data, the real-time total cumulative alternating-current power generation data and the real-time cumulative carbon emission reduction measurement data.

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