Apparatus and method for pre-detecting thermal runaway using BMS having EIS function

Abstract

The present invention relates to an apparatus and method for pre-detecting thermal runaway using a battery management system (BMS) having an electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) function and, more specifically, to an apparatus and method for pre-detecting thermal runaway using a BMS having an EIS function, in which a quick diagnosis mode for measuring impedance using only one preset frequency among a plurality of impedance measurement frequencies of an EIS of a module BMS when a thermal runaway prediction event occurs is set, the impedance of cells is measured for each battery module by the set frequency through the EIS in the quick diagnosis mode, and a thermal runaway probability based on a variation deviation of the measured impedance is predicted and reported.

Description

Thermal runaway pre-detection device and method using a BMS with EIS function

[0001] The present invention relates to a device and method for pre-detection of thermal runaway using a battery management system (BMS) having an electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) function, and more particularly, to a device and method for pre-detection of thermal runaway using a BMS having an EIS function, which sets a quick diagnosis mode for measuring impedance using only one preset frequency among a plurality of impedance measurement frequencies of EIS of a module BMS when a thermal runaway prediction event occurs, simultaneously measures the impedance of cells of each battery module according to the preset frequency through the EIS in the quick diagnosis mode, and predicts the possibility of thermal runaway according to a variation deviation of the measured impedance and issues an alarm.

[0002] Recently, Advanced Air Mobility (AAM) technologies, including electric bicycles, electric kickboards, electric vehicles, Urban Air Mobility (UAM), and Regional Air Mobility (RAM), have been researched and developed and are rapidly advancing. Electric bicycles, electric kickboards, and electric vehicles have been commercialized and applied in real life, and can be easily seen around us.

[0003] Typically, these mobility devices use batteries of various types and sizes to reduce environmental pollution and operating costs.

[0004] As batteries are applied to numerous types of mobility, countless waste batteries are being generated, and even more are expected to be generated in the future.

[0005] Therefore, although they cannot be used in mobility, they can be used for general energy storage purposes. Efforts are being made to develop a waste battery recycling system to reuse waste batteries generated from mobility, and a representative system is the Energy Storage System (ESS), which stores and uses the generated renewable energy in waste batteries.

[0006] Typically, lithium-ion batteries are used for these types of batteries.

[0007] Lithium-ion batteries convert chemical energy into electrical energy through oxidation and reduction reactions between the positive (+) and negative (-) electrodes. Lithium-ion batteries are composed of lithium oxide (Li+O), a compound composed of lithium and oxygen, at the positive (+) electrode, making them vulnerable to fire and explosion.

[0008] In systems using these conventional lithium-ion batteries, OFF-CAS sensors, smoke detection sensors, and thermal imaging cameras are installed to detect fire and explosion in order to quickly prepare for fire and explosion.

[0009] However, existing thermal runaway-related equipment such as OFF-CAS sensors, smoke detection sensors, and thermal imaging cameras all detect thermal runaway after it has occurred, which means they cannot prevent fires and explosions and do not provide sufficient time to reduce the spread of fire.

[0010] Additionally, batteries using conventional lithium-ion batteries are managed by monitoring and managing the charging / discharging, overcharging, and temperature of battery cells using a battery management system (BMS).

[0011] Figure 1 is a drawing showing the battery configuration of a typical battery pack or rack unit of an ESS, showing a case where battery modules are connected in series, and Figure 2 is a drawing showing a graph showing the occurrence of thermal runaway according to a typical voltage.

[0012] Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, typically, a battery pack, a rack unit of an ESS, etc. includes one or more (m=1, 2, 3...) battery modules (20) including a plurality of (battery) cells (40) and a plurality of (n) module BMSs (30) that monitor the cells in units of a certain number of cells, and a main BMS (10) that collects voltage, current, temperature, etc. of the battery module (20) collected through the battery modules (20) to manage charge / discharge, overcharge, and abnormality of the corresponding battery module (20).

[0013] A plurality of battery modules (20) may be connected in series as shown in Fig. 1 or in parallel, depending on the characteristics of the system to be configured.

[0014] Each module BMS (30) of the battery module (20) measures the voltage and current of each cell (40) in units of 16 cells (40) as shown in Fig. 1, and sequentially processes the cells (40) it is responsible for through temperature sensors (50) installed at intervals in units of a specific number (e.g., 3 to 4) while monitoring the temperature of the cells (40) in which the temperature sensors (50) are installed.

[0015] However, since thermal runaway and fire occur due to a rapid and rapid temperature increase as shown in Fig. 2, the conventional main BMS (10) cannot detect the fire before it spreads to the cell (40) where the temperature sensor (50) is installed in the case where thermal runaway and fire occur in the cell (40) where the temperature sensor is not installed, and since it detects the fire only after the thermal runaway and fire, it is limited to post-fire measures, so there is a problem that it is ineffective in detecting thermal runaway and fire.

[0016] In this way, the conventional BMS system cannot prevent fire caused by thermal runaway in advance and only performs post-detection detection, so there was a problem that a battery fire could spread into a large fire.

[0017] Accordingly, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a thermal runaway pre-detection device and method using a BMS having an EIS function that sets a quick diagnosis mode for measuring impedance using only one preset frequency among multiple impedance measurement frequencies of an EIS of a module BMS when a thermal runaway prediction event occurs, simultaneously measures the impedance of each cell of a battery module by the preset frequency through the EIS in the quick diagnosis mode, and predicts the possibility of thermal runaway according to the variation deviation of the measured impedance and issues an alarm.

[0018] In order to achieve the above object, a thermal runaway pre-detection device using a BMS having an EIS function according to the present invention is characterized by including: a battery module including a plurality of cells, an EIS measuring unit that connects a predetermined number of cells among the plurality of cells and measures the impedance of the connected cells using an EIS that measures impedance using a plurality of frequencies, and monitors the impedance of the cells, and, when a setting of a quick diagnosis mode is requested, sets a quick diagnosis mode and measures the impedance of the cells at a quick diagnosis mode frequency which is one of the frequencies of the EIS; and a main BMS that monitors the occurrence of a thermal runaway diagnosis event, controls the module BMS to set the quick diagnosis mode when a thermal runaway diagnosis event occurs, measures the impedance of the cells of the battery module at the quick diagnosis mode frequency in the quick diagnosis mode, and, when the measured impedance exceeds a reference value and a change in the impedance exceeds the reference change amount, predicts that thermal runaway will occur in the battery module including the cells and generates an alarm.

[0019] The module BMS of the above battery module defines a quick diagnosis mode frequency and sets the quick diagnosis mode when a request for setting the quick diagnosis mode is generated from the main BMS.

[0020] The main BMS defines the quick diagnosis mode frequency, and when a thermal runaway diagnosis event occurs, transmits quick diagnosis mode setting request information including the quick diagnosis mode frequency information to the module BMS to request the setting of the quick diagnosis mode, and the module BMS sets the quick diagnosis mode by defining the frequency of the quick diagnosis mode frequency information included in the quick diagnosis mode setting request information as the quick diagnosis mode frequency when a quick diagnosis mode setting request occurs by receiving the quick diagnosis mode setting request information.

[0021] The above main BMS is characterized in that it determines that the thermal runaway diagnosis event has occurred when the battery module is fully charged.

[0022] The above main BMS is characterized by simultaneously measuring the impedance of cells of the same order per module BMS for a certain number of cells connected to each module BMS.

[0023] The above main BMS is characterized in that, when the impedance measured from a specific cell exceeds a reference value and is judged to be abnormal, the number of times and cycle of repeated measurements for the cell are set, and the impedance of the cell is repeatedly measured at the cycle within the number of times of repeated measurements, and when the amount of change in the impedance exceeds the reference amount of change, it is predicted that thermal runaway will occur.

[0024] The above main BMS is characterized in that, after determining that the cell is abnormal, if the measured impedance is below the reference value, the number of repeated measurements is reduced, and if the impedance is repeatedly measured to be below the reference value and the number of repeated measurements becomes zero (0), the number of repeated measurements is set to a normal state.

[0025] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for pre-detecting thermal runaway using a BMS having an EIS function, comprising: a quick diagnosis mode setting process in which a main BMS controls a module BMS to set a quick diagnosis mode when a thermal runaway diagnosis event occurs; an impedance measuring process in which a module BMS includes an EIS measuring unit that connects a predetermined number of cells among a plurality of cells and measures the impedance of the connected cells using EIS that measures impedance using a plurality of frequencies, and measures the impedance of the cells using EIS, and provides the measured impedance of the cells to the main BMS using the quick diagnosis mode frequency, which is one frequency of the quick diagnosis mode; and a thermal runaway monitoring process in which the main BMS measures the impedance of a cell of a battery module according to the quick diagnosis mode frequency in the quick diagnosis mode, and if the measured impedance exceeds a reference value and a change in the impedance exceeds the reference change amount, predicts that thermal runaway will occur in the battery module including the cell and generates an alarm.

[0026] The above quick diagnosis mode setting process is characterized by including a quick diagnosis mode setting request step in which the main BMS transmits quick diagnosis mode setting request information requesting the module BMS to set the quick diagnosis mode when a thermal runaway diagnosis event occurs; and a quick diagnosis mode setting step in which the module BMS sets a predefined frequency among a plurality of frequencies of EIS as the quick diagnosis mode frequency when the quick diagnosis mode setting request information is received from the main BMS, thereby setting the quick diagnosis mode.

[0027] The above quick diagnosis mode setting process is characterized by including a quick diagnosis mode setting request step in which the main BMS transmits quick diagnosis mode setting request information including quick diagnosis mode frequency information to the module BMS when a thermal runaway diagnosis event occurs, requesting the setting of the quick diagnosis mode; and a quick diagnosis mode setting step in which the module BMS sets the frequency of the quick diagnosis mode frequency information of the quick diagnosis mode setting request information to the quick diagnosis mode frequency of the EIS measurement unit when the quick diagnosis mode setting request information is received from the main BMS, thereby setting the quick diagnosis mode.

[0028] The above quick diagnosis mode setting process further includes a thermal runaway diagnosis event monitoring step in which the main BMS monitors whether the battery module is fully charged and determines that the thermal runaway diagnosis event has occurred when the battery module is fully charged, and is characterized in that the main BMS performs the quick diagnosis mode setting request step when a thermal runaway diagnosis event occurs in the thermal runaway diagnosis event monitoring step.

[0029] The above module BMS is characterized in that, during the impedance measurement process, it measures the impedance of cells in the same order as other module BMSs in a predetermined order in synchronization with the control of the main BMS for a certain number of connected cells and transmits the measured impedance to the main BMS.

[0030] The above module BMS is characterized in that the impedance measurement order is determined according to the serial connection order of cells connected to the module BMS.

[0031] The above thermal runaway monitoring process is characterized by including an intensive monitoring setting step in which the main BMS sets the number of times and the cycle of repeated measurements for a specific cell when the impedance measured from the cell in the quick diagnosis mode exceeds a reference value and is judged to be abnormal; and a thermal runaway prediction step in which the main BMS repeatedly measures the impedance of the cell at the cycle within the number of times of repeated measurements and predicts that thermal runaway will occur when the amount of change in the impedance exceeds a reference amount of change.

[0032] The above thermal runaway monitoring process is characterized in that it further includes a thermal runaway error prevention step in which, after the main BMS determines that the cell is abnormal, the measured impedance is determined to be below the reference value, the number of repeated measurements is reduced, and when the impedance is repeatedly measured to be below the reference value and the number of repeated measurements becomes zero (0), the thermal runaway error prevention step is set to a normal state.

[0033] The present invention has the effect of detecting an abnormal section by measuring cell-by-cell impedance through a module BMS having an impedance measurement function using EIS, and predicting whether thermal runaway occurs in the abnormal section.

[0034] In addition, the present invention has the effect of preventing false prediction of thermal runaway due to temporary impedance abnormality by determining whether to proceed with thermal runaway or normal runaway by tracking a certain number of times even when an abnormal section is detected.

[0035] In addition, the present invention has the effect of simultaneously measuring impedance for cells of the same order in a plurality of battery modules and performing thermal runaway prediction based on the measurement.

[0036] In addition, the present invention sets a quick diagnosis mode that sets only one preset frequency among a plurality of frequencies used in impedance measurement using EIS when a thermal runaway diagnosis event occurs, and measures impedance using only one frequency set in the quick diagnosis mode, so that it has the effect of being able to more quickly check whether thermal runaway has occurred for a plurality of cells.

[0037] In addition, the present invention preferably uses a relatively high frequency among the multiple impedance measurement frequencies of EIS in quick diagnosis mode, but experimental results have shown that the possibility of thermal runaway can be detected at any frequency among all impedance measurement frequencies. Therefore, the present invention has the effect of enabling faster detection of the occurrence of thermal runaway by measuring impedance by setting a relatively high frequency.

[0038] Figure 1 is a drawing showing the battery configuration of a typical battery pack or rack unit of ESS.

[0039] Figure 2 is a diagram showing a graph of thermal runaway occurrence according to a typical voltage.

[0040] FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the configuration of a battery system configured with a thermal runaway pre-detection device using a BMS having an EIS function according to the present invention.

[0041] Figure 4 is a graph showing changes in voltage and temperature over time, changes in impedance over voltage and temperature, and the time of occurrence of thermal runaway according to the present invention.

[0042] FIG. 5 is a graph showing the frequency-dependent impedance change of EIS in an overcharge state and an overtemperature state according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 6 is a flowchart illustrating a thermal runaway pre-detection method using a BMS having an EIS function according to the present invention.

[0044] Referring to the attached drawings below, the configuration of a thermal runaway pre-detection device using a BMS having an EIS function of a battery system according to the present invention is described, and a thermal runaway pre-detection method in the thermal runaway pre-detection device is described.

[0045] FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the configuration of a battery system configured with a thermal runaway pre-detection device using a BMS having an EIS function according to the present invention, FIG. 4 is a graph showing changes in voltage and temperature over time, changes in impedance according to changes in voltage and temperature, and the time of occurrence of thermal runaway according to the present invention, and FIG. 5 is a graph showing changes in impedance by frequency of EIS in an overcharge state and an overtemperature state according to an embodiment of the present invention. The following description will be made with reference to FIGS. 3 to 5.

[0046] A thermal runaway pre-detection device using a BMS having an EIS function according to the present invention includes a main BMS (100) and a plurality of battery modules (200). The main BMS (100) and the plurality of battery modules (200) may be connected in series or in parallel, as shown in FIG. 3.

[0047] The battery module (200) according to the present invention includes a plurality of cells (40), manages the plurality of cells (40) by connecting them in units of a certain number, and includes a plurality of module BMSs (300) that transmit battery status information measured during management to the main BMS (100). For example, the battery module (200) may include 48 cells (40), and in the case of having three module BMSs (300) as shown in FIG. 3, each module BMS (300) is connected to 16 cells as shown in FIG. 3, monitors the battery status of the 16 cells, generates battery status information according to the battery status, and provides the generated battery status information to the main BMS (100).

[0048] The module BMS (300) according to the present invention includes an electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) measuring unit (310) that measures the impedance of a cell (40) according to EIS.

[0049] The EIS measurement unit (310) supplies an AC signal having multiple frequencies (hereinafter referred to as “impedance measurement frequency”) to the cell (40), and measures impedance (Z) using the current and voltage measured accordingly.

[0050] The EIS measurement unit (310) according to the present invention has a quick diagnosis function for measuring the impedance of a cell (40) at one of a plurality of impedance measurement frequencies (hereinafter referred to as “quick diagnosis mode frequency”) for quick impedance measurement in a quick diagnosis mode.

[0051] A module BMS (300) equipped with an EIS measurement unit (310) receives a request for setting a quick diagnosis mode from the main BMS (100), that is, sets the quick diagnosis mode under the control of the main BMS (100), and operates the EIS measurement unit (310) in the quick diagnosis mode to measure the impedance of cells (40).

[0052] The module BMS (300) sequentially measures the impedance of the cells (40) that are connected and managed. The above order is preferably the order in which the cells (40) are connected in series, as shown in Fig. 3, and may also be a preset order (such as ordering by cell index).

[0053] The module BMS (300) has a predefined quick diagnosis mode frequency, and upon receiving quick diagnosis mode setting request information from the main BMS (100), sets the quick diagnosis mode and measures the impedance of the cell (40) using only the quick diagnosis mode frequency. The quick diagnosis mode frequency is one of a number of impedance measurement frequencies defined in EIS, and it is preferable that it be a relatively high frequency.

[0054] In addition, according to another embodiment, the module BMS (300) receives quick diagnosis mode setting request information including quick diagnosis mode frequency information for the quick diagnosis mode frequency from the main BMS (100), sets the frequency of the quick diagnosis mode frequency information included in the quick diagnosis mode setting request information to the quick diagnosis mode frequency, and measures the impedance of the cell (40) only with the quick diagnosis mode frequency after setting the quick diagnosis mode.

[0055] Quick diagnosis mode allows the EIS measurement unit (310) to quickly measure the impedance of cells to detect thermal runaway in advance, since it uses only one impedance measurement frequency (=quick diagnosis mode frequency) rather than multiple impedance measurement frequencies to measure the impedance of one cell.

[0056] The main BMS (100) monitors the occurrence of a thermal runaway diagnosis event, and when a thermal runaway diagnosis event occurs, controls the module BMS (300) to set it to a quick diagnosis mode, measures the impedance of the cell (40) of the battery module (200) by the quick diagnosis mode frequency in the quick diagnosis mode, and if the measured impedance exceeds a reference value and the amount of change in the impedance exceeds the reference amount of change, predicts that thermal runaway will occur in the battery module including the cell (40) and generates an alarm.

[0057] The main BMS (100) determines that a thermal runaway diagnostic event has occurred at the request of the administrator or when the battery has been fully charged.

[0058] The impedance of the battery (cell) measured by multiple impedance measurement frequencies of the EIS measurement unit (310) forms a graph (blue) as shown in Fig. 4 until the point of thermal runaway occurrence (421) is reached.

[0059] Therefore, if the impedance measured at the start point (411) of thermal runaway detection exceeds the reference value (412), the main BMS (100) determines that it is not within the normal range, and sets the number of repeated measurements for the cell that is not within the normal range, changes the measurement cycle, and then measures the impedance for the cell for the number of repeated measurements at the cycle, and checks whether the amount of change in impedance in the abnormal range, i.e., in the abnormal state, exceeds the reference amount of change.

[0060] The main BMS (100) predicts that there is a possibility of thermal runaway occurring when the measured impedance change exceeds the reference change and generates an alarm.

[0061] In Fig. 4, the main BMS (100) may be able to predict the possibility of thermal runaway occurring between the thermal runaway detection start time (411), which is earlier than the thermal runaway occurrence time (421), and the thermal runaway detection prediction time (413).

[0062] The above quick diagnosis mode is a mode that measures impedance using only one frequency (=quick diagnosis mode frequency) among multiple impedance measurement frequencies used by the EIS measurement unit (310) to quickly predict the possibility of thermal runaway.

[0063] As shown in Fig. 5, even if the impedance is measured using only one frequency among the multiple frequencies of EIS, it can be seen that a waveform similar to the impedance graph of Fig. 4 is shown. That is, it can be seen from Fig. 5 that the possibility of thermal runaway can be predicted by measuring the impedance using only one frequency.

[0064] As shown in Fig. 5, the main BMS (100) predicts the possibility of thermal runaway by taking only the real part of the measured impedance including the real part and the imaginary part.

[0065] Figure 6 is a flowchart illustrating a thermal runaway pre-detection method using a bMS having an EIS function according to the present invention.

[0066] Referring to FIG. 6 below, the main BMS (100) determines whether a thermal runaway diagnostic event has occurred (S111). The thermal runaway diagnostic event may occur upon a thermal runaway diagnostic request from an administrator, or may occur when a specific battery module (200) or all battery modules (200) are fully charged.

[0067] When a thermal runaway diagnosis event occurs, the main BMS (100) transmits quick diagnosis mode setting request information to the module BMSs (300) to set the module BMSs (300) to quick diagnosis mode and also sets itself to quick diagnosis mode (S113).

[0068] When the quick diagnosis mode is set, the main BMS (100) simultaneously obtains the impedance of the cells (40) of each module BMS in the same order according to the cell order of each module BMS (300) through the EIS measurement unit (310) of the module BMSs (300) (S115).

[0069] When the impedance of the cell (40) is obtained, the main BMS (100) determines whether the impedance is within the normal range (S117).

[0070] If it is within the normal range, the main BMS (100) obtains the impedance for the next cell (40) through the module BMS (300) and determines whether the impedance is within the normal range (S117).

[0071] In this way, if the impedance of the cell (40) is within the normal range, the process is repeated up to the last cell (40) of the module BMS (300) to determine whether the impedance of the cell (40) is within the normal range (S119).

[0072] On the other hand, when an impedance that is out of the normal range is detected in the judgment of the normal range of the above impedance, the main BMS (100) controls the corresponding module BMS (300) to measure the impedance by repeating the specified number of repeat measurements with the changed measurement cycle, designating the number of repeat measurements for the corresponding cell, and changing and setting the measurement cycle (S121).

[0073] When the number of repeated measurements is specified and the measurement cycle is changed, the main BMS (100) measures the impedance of the corresponding cell through the EIS measurement unit (310) of the corresponding module BMS (300) according to the changed measurement cycle (S123).

[0074] When the impedance is measured, the main BMS (100) determines whether the impedance is within the normal range and does not exceed the reference value (S125).

[0075] If the threshold value measured as before is not within the normal range, the main BMS (100) increases the number of repeated measurements (S131), classifies the deviation stage according to the amount of change between the previous impedance and the current impedance, and determines whether the deviation stage is greater than or equal to a preset stage, that is, whether the amount of change in impedance exceeds a preset reference amount of change, thereby determining whether there is a possibility of thermal runaway occurring (S135).

[0076] Again, the main BMS (100) re-designates the number of repetition measurements for the corresponding cell (S121) according to the increase in the number of repetition measurements (S131), measures the impedance for the corresponding cell (S123), and repeatedly determines whether the impedance is within the normal range (S125) or whether the possibility of thermal runaway is confirmed (S135).

[0077] At this time, if it is confirmed that there is a possibility of thermal runaway occurring, the main BMS (100) generates an alarm. The alarm may be a warning sound, a warning LED, a warning lamp flashing, warning information display through a display, or the transmission of warning information including one or more of main BMS information, module battery (200), and module BMS (300) information to the management center.

[0078] However, if the measured impedance returns to the normal range during the determination of whether the above impedance is within the normal range (S125), the main BMS (100) reduces the number of repeated measurements (S127) and determines whether the reduced number of repeated measurements is zero (0) (S129).

[0079] If the number of repeated measurements is not zero, the number of repeated measurements is reduced in step S121 described above, the number of repeated measurements is re-specified for the cell, and then the measurement impedance of the cell is repeatedly determined to be within the normal range.

[0080] By doing this, it is possible to precisely determine whether thermal runaway is likely to occur for cells whose initial measured impedance is outside the normal range, and to prevent incorrect determinations of whether thermal runaway is likely to occur.

[0081] Meanwhile, those skilled in the art will readily understand that the present invention is not limited to the aforementioned typical preferred embodiments, but can be implemented by various improvements, modifications, substitutions, or additions without departing from the spirit of the present invention. If such improvements, modifications, substitutions, or additions fall within the scope of the appended claims, the technical ideas thereof shall also be deemed to belong to the present invention.

[0082] [Explanation of symbols]

[0083] 40: Battery cells 100: Main BMS

[0084] 200: Battery module 300: Module BMS

[0085] 310: EIS measurement section

Claims

1. A battery module including a plurality of cells, an EIS measuring unit that measures the impedance of the connected cells using an EIS that connects a plurality of cells and a certain number of units of the plurality of cells and measures the impedance using a plurality of frequencies, and a plurality of module BMS that monitors the impedance of the cells, and sets the quick diagnosis mode when a setting of the quick diagnosis mode is requested, and measures the impedance of the cells using the quick diagnosis mode frequency, which is one of the frequencies of the EIS; and A thermal runaway pre-detection device using a BMS having an EIS function, characterized in that it includes a main BMS that monitors the occurrence of a thermal runaway diagnosis event, controls the module BMS to set it to a quick diagnosis mode when a thermal runaway diagnosis event occurs, measures the impedance of a cell of a battery module by the quick diagnosis mode frequency in the quick diagnosis mode, and predicts that thermal runaway will occur in a battery module including the cell when the measured impedance exceeds a reference value and the amount of change in the impedance exceeds the reference amount of change, and generates an alarm.

2. In paragraph 1, The module BMS of the above battery module is, A thermal runaway pre-detection device using a BMS having an EIS function, characterized in that it defines a quick diagnosis mode frequency and sets the quick diagnosis mode when a request for setting the quick diagnosis mode occurs from the main BMS.

3. In paragraph 1, The above main BMS is, The above quick diagnosis mode frequency is defined, and when a thermal runaway diagnosis event occurs, quick diagnosis mode setting request information including quick diagnosis mode frequency information is transmitted to the module BMS to request the setting of the quick diagnosis mode. A thermal runaway pre-detection device using an EMS having an EIS function, characterized in that the module BMS sets the quick diagnosis mode by defining the frequency of the quick diagnosis mode frequency information included in the quick diagnosis mode setting request information as the quick diagnosis mode frequency when a quick diagnosis mode setting request occurs by receiving the quick diagnosis mode setting request information.

4. In paragraph 3, The above main BMS is, A thermal runaway pre-detection device using a BMS having an EIS function, characterized in that the thermal runaway diagnosis event is determined to have occurred when the battery module is fully charged.

5. In paragraph 1, The above main BMS is, A thermal runaway pre-detection device using a BMS having an EIS function, characterized in that the impedance of cells of the same order per module BMS is simultaneously measured for a certain number of cells connected to each module BMS.

6. In paragraph 5, The above main BMS is, When the impedance measured in a specific cell exceeds the reference value and is judged to be abnormal, the number of times and cycle of repeated measurements for the cell are set, and A thermal runaway pre-detection device using a BMS having an EIS function, characterized in that the impedance of the cell is repeatedly measured at the cycle within the number of repeated measurements, and if the amount of change in the impedance exceeds a reference amount of change, the thermal runaway is predicted to occur.

7. In paragraph 6, The above main BMS is, A thermal runaway pre-detection device using a BMS having an EIS function, characterized in that after determining an abnormality in the above cell, if the measured impedance is below the reference value, the number of repeated measurements is reduced, and if the impedance is repeatedly measured to be below the reference value and the number of repeated measurements becomes zero (0), the device sets the device to a normal state.

8. Quick diagnosis mode setting process in which the main BMS controls the module BMS to set it to quick diagnosis mode when a thermal runaway diagnosis event occurs; A module BMS including an EIS measuring unit that measures the impedance of connected cells using EIS that connects a certain number of units of cells among a plurality of cells and measures the impedance of the connected cells using EIS that measures the impedance using a plurality of frequencies, and an impedance measuring process that measures the impedance of the cells using EIS at a quick diagnosis mode frequency, which is one frequency of the quick diagnosis mode, and provides the measured impedance to the main BMS; and A method for pre-detection of thermal runaway using a BMS having an EIS function, characterized in that the main BMS includes a thermal runaway monitoring process in which the main BMS measures the impedance of a cell of a battery module by the quick diagnosis mode frequency in the quick diagnosis mode, and if the measured impedance exceeds a reference value and the amount of change in the impedance exceeds the reference amount of change, the main BMS predicts that thermal runaway will occur in the battery module including the cell and generates an alarm.

9. In paragraph 8, The above quick diagnosis mode setting process is: A quick diagnosis mode setting request step in which the main BMS transmits quick diagnosis mode setting request information to the module BMS to request the setting of the quick diagnosis mode when a thermal runaway diagnosis event occurs; and A method for pre-detection of thermal runaway using a BMS having an EIS function, characterized in that the module BMS includes a quick diagnosis mode setting step of setting a predefined frequency among a plurality of frequencies of EIS as a quick diagnosis mode frequency when quick diagnosis mode setting request information is received from the main BMS.

10. In paragraph 8, The above quick diagnosis mode setting process is: A quick diagnosis mode setting request step in which the main BMS transmits quick diagnosis mode setting request information including quick diagnosis mode frequency information to the module BMS when a thermal runaway diagnosis event occurs, requesting the setting of the quick diagnosis mode; and A method for pre-detection of thermal runaway using a BMS having an EIS function, characterized in that the module BMS includes a quick diagnosis mode setting step of setting the frequency of the quick diagnosis mode frequency information of the quick diagnosis mode setting request information to the quick diagnosis mode frequency of the EIS measuring unit when the module BMS receives the quick diagnosis mode setting request information from the main BMS, thereby setting the quick diagnosis mode.

11. In paragraph 9 or 10, The above quick diagnosis mode setting process is: The above main BMS further includes a thermal runaway diagnosis event monitoring step for monitoring whether the battery module is fully charged and determining that the thermal runaway diagnosis event has occurred when the battery module is fully charged. A method for pre-detecting thermal runaway using a BMS having an EIS function, characterized in that the main BMS performs the quick diagnosis mode setting request step when a thermal runaway diagnosis event occurs in the above thermal runaway diagnosis event monitoring step.

12. In paragraph 11, The above module BMS, A method for pre-detecting thermal runaway using a BMS having an EIS function, characterized in that, in the above impedance measurement process, the impedance of cells in the same order as other module BMSs is measured in a predetermined order in synchronization with the control of the main BMS for a certain number of connected cells and transmitted to the main BMS.

13. In paragraph 12, The above module BMS A method for pre-detecting thermal runaway using a BMS having an EIS function, characterized in that the impedance measurement order is determined according to the serial connection order of cells connected to the module BMS.

14. In paragraph 8, The above thermal runaway monitoring process is: A centralized monitoring setting step for setting the number of repeated measurements and the cycle for the cell when the impedance measured in a specific cell exceeds the reference value and is judged to be abnormal in the quick diagnosis mode by the main BMS; and A method for pre-detecting thermal runaway using a BMS having an EIS function, characterized in that the main BMS includes a thermal runaway prediction step for repeatedly measuring the impedance of the cell at the cycle within the number of repeated measurements and predicting that thermal runaway will occur when the amount of change in the impedance exceeds a reference amount of change.

15. In paragraph 14, The above thermal runaway monitoring process is: A method for pre-detecting thermal runaway using a BMS having an EIS function, characterized in that the main BMS further includes a thermal runaway error prevention step of reducing the number of repeated measurements when the measured impedance is determined to be below the reference value after the cell is judged to be abnormal, and setting the number of repeated measurements to a normal state when the impedance is repeatedly measured to be below the reference value and the number of repeated measurements becomes zero (0).

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