Construction method

Abstract

A construction method according to the present invention includes: a first step of attaching a stretchable constituting element (2) to an installation part (1); and a second step of causing a penetrating object (5) to penetrate through the constituting element (2) and sealing a gap between the constituting element (2) and the penetrating object (5). According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a construction method allowing to easily close a gap around a penetrating object.

Description

Construction method

[0001] The present invention relates to a construction method for closing gaps around penetrations.

[0002] Traditionally, construction sites have been conducting work such as sealing gaps to prevent air leaks and sealing gaps around wiring and piping to prevent rain leaks as part of energy-saving measures in line with the promotion of ZEH (Zero Energy House). One construction method for sealing gaps around wiring and piping inside a building is to use sealant. However, there are some areas in hollow walls where large gaps (hereinafter referred to as openings) exist, and this method can be difficult to address, as the sealant may fall into the hollow space. Another construction method involves sealing the wall opening with a sheet and drilling holes in the sheet to pass the piping through. This method requires drilling holes in the sheet so that the size of the hole precisely matches the size of the piping, making construction very difficult. This construction method requires skilled construction and time. Even when constructed using this method, the sheet may tear and widen when the piping slides over it, creating gaps around the piping. Furthermore, with thin pipes, the holes in the sheet may not be able to fit the pipe properly, ultimately resulting in gaps. As such, conventional installation methods have the problem of being difficult to achieve both sealing around the penetration and ease of installation.

[0003] An example of a construction method for closing gaps around penetrating objects is the method for closing gaps around wiring and piping materials described in Patent Document 1. In the gap closing method described in Patent Document 1, adhesive tape is used to close the gaps around the penetrating objects, which makes it easy to seal the gaps around the penetrating objects.

[0004] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2016-205627

[0005] However, the gap sealing method around wiring and piping materials described in Patent Document 1 requires sticking together multiple sheets of adhesive tape to seal the gap around the penetrating object, which requires a lot of work to seal the gap around the penetrating object.Furthermore, with penetrating objects such as wiring and piping that have deformed or irregular shapes other than simple shapes such as circles or ellipses, or penetrating objects with complex shapes that are a collection of multiple wiring and piping, it is difficult to make the adhesive tape conform neatly to the outer shape of the penetrating object, which can leave gaps and result in an unsealed gap.Therefore, there is a demand for an installation method that can seal gaps around penetrating objects with even simpler work.

[0006] Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a construction method that can easily seal gaps around penetrating objects.

[0007] After extensive research, the inventors discovered that the above-mentioned problems can be solved by passing a penetrating object through a stretchable structural member, and thus completed the present invention. The gist of the present invention is as follows: [1] An installation method including: a first step of attaching a stretchable structural member to an installation portion; and a second step of passing a penetrating object through the structural member and sealing a gap between the structural member and the penetrating object. [2] The installation method described in [1] above, wherein the structural member includes a foam. [3] The installation method described in [1] or [2] above, wherein the structural member has a breaking elongation of 150% or more in a tensile test in accordance with JIS K6767. [4] The installation method described in [3] above, wherein the structural member has a maximum point stress of 1.0 MPa or more and 6.0 MPa or less in the tensile test. [5] The installation method described in any one of [1] to [4] above, wherein the second step involves sliding the penetrating object that has been passed through the structural member to further move the penetrating object to a desired position. [6] The installation method according to any one of [1] to [5] above, further comprising a third step of drilling a hole in the component attached to the installation section before or after the second step. [7] The installation method according to [6] above, wherein the inner diameter of the hole is smaller than the outer diameter of the penetrating object. [8] The installation method according to any one of [1] to [7] above, wherein the first step attaches the component to the installation section using an adhesive applied to the entire or a portion of one surface of the component, or double-sided adhesive tape attached to the entire or a portion of one surface of the component. [9] The installation method according to any one of [1] to [8] above, further comprising a fourth step of further sealing the boundary between the component and the penetrating object using a filler after the second step.

[10] The installation method according to any one of [1] to [9] above, wherein the installation section has an opening, and the component is attached to the installation section so as to close the opening.

[11] The installation portion is a surface material, and in the second step, the penetrating object is made to penetrate the surface material and the constituent body.

[12] The construction method according to any one of [1] to

[10] above.

[0008] According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a construction method that can easily close gaps around penetrating objects.

[0009] FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining step A of the construction method according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining step A of the construction method according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining step B of the construction method according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining step C of the construction method according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIGS. 5(a) and 5(b) are diagrams for explaining step C of the construction method according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining a modified example of the construction method according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 7 is a diagram for explaining a modified example of the construction method according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 8 is a diagram for explaining a modified example of the construction method according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 9 is a diagram for explaining a modified example of the construction method according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIGS. 10(a) and 10(b) are diagrams for explaining a modified example of the construction method according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 11 is a diagram for explaining step D of the construction method according to the second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 12 is a diagram for explaining step D of the construction method according to the second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 13 is a diagram for explaining step E of the construction method according to the second embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 14 is a diagram for explaining step F of the construction method according to the second embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 15 is a diagram for explaining a modified example of the construction method according to the second embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 16 is a diagram for explaining a method of airtightness evaluation. Fig. 17 is a diagram for explaining a method of airtightness evaluation. Fig. 18 is a diagram for explaining a method of airtightness evaluation. Fig. 19 is a diagram for explaining a method of watertightness evaluation. Fig. 20 is a diagram for explaining a method of watertightness evaluation. Fig. 21 is a diagram for explaining a method of watertightness evaluation. Fig. 22 is a diagram for explaining a method of watertightness evaluation.

[0010] [Installation Method of First Embodiment] The installation method of the first embodiment of the present invention includes step A (corresponding to step 1 of the present invention) of attaching an elastic component to an installation section having an opening through which a penetrating object passes, thereby blocking the opening of the installation section; step B (corresponding to step 3 of the present invention) of drilling a hole in the component that blocks the opening of the installation section; and step C (corresponding to step 2 of the present invention) of passing the penetrating object through the component and sealing the gap between the component and the penetrating object. Here, step B may be omitted, or may be performed as a step before step C, or step C may be performed as a step before step A. This allows the installation method of one embodiment of the present invention to easily block the gap around the penetrating object. Each step will be described in detail below with reference to the figures.

[0011] (Step A) In step A, a stretchable component is attached to an installation section having an opening through which a penetrating object passes, thereby blocking the opening of the installation section. First, as shown in FIG. 1, an installation section 1 having an opening 11 through which the penetrating object passes and a stretchable component 2 are prepared. The stretchable component has stretchability so that when the penetrating object is passed through the component 2, the component 2 adheres to the outer periphery of the penetrating object and seals the gap between the component 2 and the penetrating object. Specifically, the stretchable component is preferably a component having a breaking elongation of 150% or more in a tensile test in accordance with JIS K6767. The breaking elongation in a tensile test in accordance with JIS K6767 is preferably 250% or more. The upper limit of the breaking elongation range in a tensile test in accordance with JIS K6767 is not particularly limited, but is preferably 900%. In FIG. 1, the component 2 is shown as being unwound from a roll that has been wound in advance and cut appropriately for use, but it does not have to be unwound from a roll, and may be pre-processed into sheets.

[0012] The installation unit 1 has the opening 11 as described above. The installation unit 1 is not particularly limited, but examples thereof include surface materials such as walls and floors, and slabs. Examples of surface materials include heat insulating materials, fireproof materials, moisture-proof materials, soundproof materials, and building frameworks. The installation unit 1 is not particularly limited, but may be a wall that constitutes a pipe shaft, a wall around a distribution board, or the like. The opening 11 may be an opening for passing piping, wiring, and the like.

[0013] The area of ​​the opening of the installation part is not particularly limited, but it may be a large-area opening in which the gap between the penetrating object and the installation part is so large that it cannot be sealed by applying a filler. The area of ​​the large-area opening is, for example, 10 cm ２ More than 50cm, preferably ２ The area of ​​the large-area opening is not particularly limited, but may be, for example, 10,000 cm ２ Even if the opening of the installation part is so large that it cannot be blocked by a filler, the opening can be blocked by the component, and therefore the construction method of the first embodiment of the present invention has a particularly advantageous effect in an installation part having such a large opening.

[0014] The penetrating object is preferably, for example, a wiring material, a piping material, or the like, but may also be a box-shaped member. Examples of wiring materials include electrical conduits and cables used in general residential construction. Examples of piping materials include piping materials of various diameters, such as PVC pipes used for water supply and drainage. The box-shaped member is a box-shaped member that houses wiring and piping inside, and examples thereof include an outlet box. The box-shaped member may be inserted into the component and placed in a penetrated state, similar to wiring materials, piping materials, and the like.

[0015] As described above, the component 2 has elasticity. If the component 2 does not have elasticity, the component 2 will not adhere to the penetrating object, and the gap around the penetrating object may not be sealed sufficiently. The component 2 is not particularly limited as long as it has elasticity. Examples of the component 2 include foams, rubber sheets, and resin sheets. The rubber sheets and resin sheets referred to here are preferably materials other than foams, i.e., non-foamed materials. Furthermore, an elastic component 2 is, for example, a component having a breaking elongation of 150% or more. The breaking elongation of the component can be measured by the method described in the Examples below.

[0016] Since the component needs to have stretchability and be somewhat resistant to breakage, it is preferable that the component contains at least one resin selected from the group consisting of olefin-based thermoplastic resins, thermoplastic elastomers, and acrylic resins. Among these, at least one of olefin-based thermoplastic resins and thermoplastic elastomers is preferred from the viewpoint of greater resistance to breakage. Examples of olefin-based thermoplastic resins include polypropylene resins, polyethylene resins, and ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers, and these may be used alone or in a mixture of two or more. Examples of thermoplastic elastomers include olefin-based thermoplastic elastomers and styrene-based thermoplastic elastomers, and these may be used alone or in a mixture of two or more. The resin selected from the above-mentioned olefin-based thermoplastic resin, thermoplastic elastomer, acrylic resin, etc. may be the main component of the resin constituting the component 2. Specifically, the amount is preferably 50 parts by mass or more and 100 parts by mass or less, more preferably 60 parts by mass or more and 100 parts by mass or less, and even more preferably 65 parts by mass or more and 100 parts by mass or less, relative to 100 parts by mass of the total amount of resin constituting the component 2 (or each layer in the case of a multilayer structure described below). However, when a modifier described below is contained, the amount is preferably 50 parts by mass or more and 95 parts by mass or less, more preferably 60 parts by mass or more and 90 parts by mass or less, and even more preferably 65 parts by mass or more and 85 parts by mass or less.

[0017] When the component 2 is used for watertight purposes, it is preferable that the component 2 be water-repellent or water-swellable. In this case, the component 2 itself may be water-repellent or water-swellable, or the surface of the component 2 may have a water-repellent layer or a water-swellable layer.

[0018] For example, the resin constituting the component 2 may contain a modifier such as a polyolefin resin having a silicone structure, an α-olefin copolymer, polysilane, or polyflon, thereby making the component 2 itself water-repellent. Examples of polyolefin resins having a silicone structure include copolymers of silicone and polyolefin, and more specifically, Si-grafted polyethylene, in which a silicone compound is graft-polymerized onto polyethylene. Examples of α-olefin copolymers that can be used as modifiers include those having structural units derived from 4-methyl-1-pentene, such as copolymers of 4-methyl-1-pentene and propylene and copolymers of 4-methyl-1-pentene and ethylene. Commercially available modifiers can also be used, such as "EXFORA (registered trademark)" (manufactured by Mitsui Chemicals Fine Chemicals, Inc., product name) as an example of a Si-grafted polyethylene. Examples of α-olefin copolymers include "Absortomer" manufactured by Mitsui Chemicals, Inc. In addition, when the constituent 2 is multilayered as described below, the modifier may be contained in a layer of the constituent 2 that comes into contact with water, for example, in a layer that forms the surface of the constituent 2. The content of the modifier is not particularly limited, but is preferably 5 parts by mass or more and 45 parts by mass or less, more preferably 10 parts by mass or more and 40 parts by mass or less, and even more preferably 15 parts by mass or more and 35 parts by mass or less, relative to 100 parts by mass of the resin that forms the constituent 2 (in the case of a multilayered structure, 100 parts by mass of the resin in the layer containing the modifier).

[0019] Furthermore, by forming a layer of an organosilicon compound, an organofluorine compound, a low surface energy polyolefin resin, or the like on the surface of the component 2, a water-repellent layer can be formed on the surface of the component 2. Furthermore, since the component 2 contains a polyacrylic acid resin, sodium polyacrylate, silica gel, montmorillonite, bentonite, or the like as a resin component constituting the component 2, the component 2 itself can have water-swelling properties. Furthermore, by forming a layer containing a polyacrylic acid resin, sodium polyacrylate, silica gel, montmorillonite, bentonite, or the like on the surface of the component 2, a water-swellable layer can be formed on the surface of the component 2.

[0020] The breaking elongation of the component 2 measured by a tensile test in accordance with JIS K6767 is preferably 150% or more. If the breaking elongation of the component 2 is 150% or more, it becomes easier to seal gaps around the penetrating object in the component 2 and it becomes less prone to tearing. From this viewpoint, the breaking elongation of the component 2 is more preferably 200% or more, even more preferably 250% or more, and even more preferably 320% or more. Furthermore, the breaking elongation of the component 2 measured by a tensile test in accordance with JIS K6767 is preferably 900% or less. If the breaking elongation of the component 2 is 900% or less, it becomes easier to insert a penetrating object into the component 2. From this viewpoint, the breaking elongation of the component 2 is more preferably 700% or less, even more preferably 500% or less. The elongation at break of the component 2 measured by a tensile test in accordance with JIS K6767 is preferably 150% to 900%, more preferably 200% to 700%, even more preferably 250% to 500%, and still more preferably 320% to 500%. The elongation at break of the component 2 can be measured by the method described in the examples below.

[0021] The maximum point stress of the component 2 measured by a tensile test in accordance with JIS K6767 is preferably 1.0 MPa or more. If the maximum point stress of the component 2 is 1.0 MPa or more, when a penetrating object is inserted into the component 2, it is possible to prevent the component 2 from breaking and making it impossible to seal the gap around the penetrating object. From this perspective, the maximum point stress of the component 2 is more preferably 2.0 MPa or more, and even more preferably 2.5 MPa or more. Furthermore, the maximum point stress of the component 2 measured by a tensile test in accordance with JIS K6767 is preferably 6.0 MPa or less. If the maximum point stress of the component 2 is 6.0 MPa or less, it becomes even easier to insert the penetrating object into the component 2. From this perspective, the maximum point stress of the component 2 is more preferably 4.5 MPa or less, and even more preferably 3.5 MPa or less. The maximum point stress of the component 2 is preferably 1.0 MPa or more and 6.0 MPa or less, more preferably 2.0 MPa or more and 4.5 MPa or less, and even more preferably 2.5 MPa or more and 3.5 MPa or less. The maximum point stress of the component 2 can be measured by the method described in the examples below.

[0022] The component 2 used for airtight applications preferably has low water absorption. The component 2, which has low water absorption, blocks gaps around the penetrating object, thereby further improving the airtightness, moisture resistance, and waterproofness of the building. If the component 2 has low water absorption, the component 2's water absorption rate is not particularly limited, but the component 2's water absorption rate is preferably 7% or less. If the component 2 has a water absorption rate of 7% or less, the component 2 blocks gaps around the penetrating object, thereby further improving the airtightness, moisture resistance, and waterproofness of the building. From this perspective, the component 2's water absorption rate is more preferably 5% or less, and even more preferably 3% or less. The lower limit of the component 2's water absorption rate range is preferably as low as possible, for example, 0%. The water absorption rate of the component 2 is measured in accordance with JIS K 7209, specifically as follows. A portion of the component 2 is cut out and used as a sample. The sample is thoroughly dried (at 80°C for 12 hours) to obtain a pre-immersion sample. The sample is immersed in distilled water at 23°C for 12 hours, and the water absorption rate is calculated from the weight A of the sample before immersion and the weight B of the sample after immersion using the following formula: Water absorption rate = 100 x (B - A) / A

[0023] The constituent 2 preferably contains a foam because it is lightweight and has high airtightness, watertightness, flexibility, conformability, and heat insulation. When the constituent 2 contains a foam, the heat insulation property of the constituent 2 is improved, and the energy saving effect is further enhanced.

[0024] When the component 2 includes a foam, the closed cell ratio of the foam is preferably 70% or more. A closed cell ratio of 70% or more of the foam not only increases the mechanical strength and heat insulating properties of the foam, but also further improves the airtightness and watertightness around the penetrating object 2. From this perspective, the closed cell ratio of the foam is more preferably 80% or more, and even more preferably 90% or more. The upper limit of the closed cell ratio range of the foam is preferably as high as possible, for example, 100%. The closed cell ratio is measured as follows: A test piece having a flat square shape with sides of 5 cm and a certain thickness is cut out from the foam. The thickness of the test piece is measured, and the apparent volume V1 of the test piece is calculated, and the weight W1 of the test piece is also measured. Next, the apparent volume V2 occupied by the bubbles is calculated based on the following formula: The density of the resin constituting the test piece is 1 g / cm ３ The apparent volume occupied by the bubbles is V2 = V1 - W1. Next, the test piece is submerged in distilled water at 23°C to a depth of 100 mm from the water surface, and a pressure of 15 kPa is applied to the test piece for 3 minutes. After this, the test piece is removed from the water, the water adhering to the surface of the test piece is removed, and the weight W2 of the test piece is measured. The open cell rate F1 and closed cell rate F2 are calculated based on the following formulas: Open cell rate F1 (%) = 100 x (W2 - W1) / V2 Closed cell rate F2 (%) = 100 - F1

[0025] The expansion ratio of the foam is not particularly limited, but is preferably 3 times or more. An expansion ratio of 3 times or more can further improve the stretchability of the foam. From this perspective, the expansion ratio of the foam is more preferably 5 times or more, and even more preferably 7 times or more. Furthermore, the expansion ratio of the foam is preferably 35 times or less. By setting the expansion ratio of the foam to 35 times or less, the mechanical strength of the foam can be maintained at a certain level or higher. From this perspective, the expansion ratio of the foam is more preferably 30 times or less, and even more preferably 20 times or less. Furthermore, the expansion ratio of the foam is preferably 3 times or more and 35 times or less, more preferably 5 times or more and 30 times or less, and even more preferably 7 times or more and 20 times or less. The expansion ratio can be calculated by dividing the density of the foam precursor before expansion by the density (apparent density) of the foam after expansion. The apparent density can be measured in accordance with JIS K7222:2005.

[0026] The thickness of the component is preferably 0.5 mm or more. By making the thickness of the component 0.5 mm or more, the strength of the component can be increased and a certain degree of bending rigidity can be imparted to the component, making the attachment and penetration operations of the component easier. From this perspective, the thickness of the component 2 is more preferably 0.7 mm or more, and even more preferably 1.0 mm or more. Furthermore, the thickness of the component 2 is preferably 5 mm or less. By making the thickness of the component 2 5 mm or less, the penetration ability of the component 2 can be improved. From this perspective, the thickness of the component 2 is preferably 4 mm or less, and more preferably 3 mm or less. Furthermore, the thickness of the component 2 is preferably 0.5 mm or more and 5 mm or less, more preferably 0.7 mm or more and 4 mm or less, and even more preferably 1.0 mm or more and 3 mm or less.

[0027] Examples of foams include polyolefin foams, thermoplastic elastomer foams, and acrylic foams. Among these foams, polyolefin foams are preferred because they have elasticity and are relatively resistant to breakage. Polyolefin foams are formed by foaming a foamable resin composition containing a polyolefin resin. Examples of polyolefin resins include polypropylene resins, polyethylene resins, and ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers, and these may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Among these, polyethylene resins and ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers are preferred from the viewpoint of enhancing elasticity.

[0028] When the foam is a polyolefin foam, the foam is preferably a crosslinked polyolefin foam (crosslinked polyolefin foam). Examples of a method for crosslinking the foam include irradiating the foamable sheet with ionizing radiation such as electron beams, α-rays, β-rays, and γ-rays. Among these ionizing radiations, it is more preferable that the foam be crosslinked by electron beams.

[0029] <Polyethylene resin> As the polyethylene resin, low-density polyethylene resin (0.93 g / cm ３ hereinafter referred to as LDPE), medium density polyethylene resin (0.930 g / cm ３ Greater than 0.942 g / cm ３ less than MDPE), high density polyethylene resin (0.942 g / cm ３ A specific example of a suitable low-density polyethylene resin is linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE), and among these, LLDPE is preferred from the viewpoint of ease of increasing stretchability.

[0030] The polyethylene resin may be an ethylene homopolymer, or may be a copolymer of ethylene and a small amount of an α-olefin, with ethylene as the main component (preferably 75% by mass or more, more preferably 90% by mass or more of all monomers). The α-olefin preferably has 3 to 12 carbon atoms, more preferably 4 to 10 carbon atoms, and specific examples include 1-butene, 1-pentene, 1-hexene, 4-methyl-1-pentene, 1-heptene, and 1-octene. In the copolymer, these α-olefins can be used alone or in combination of two or more. The polyethylene resin may be used alone or in combination of two or more types.

[0031] <Polypropylene Resin> Examples of polypropylene resins include homopolypropylene, which is a homopolymer of propylene, and copolymers of propylene with small amounts of ethylene and α-olefins other than propylene, with propylene as the main component (preferably 75% by mass or more, more preferably 90% by mass or more of all monomers). Examples of copolymers of propylene with α-olefins other than ethylene and propylene include block copolymers (block polypropylene), random copolymers (random polypropylene), and random block copolymers. Examples of α-olefins other than propylene include α-olefins having approximately 4 to 10 carbon atoms, such as 1-butene, 1-pentene, 1-hexene, 4-methyl-1-pentene, 1-heptene, and 1-octene. Among these, ethylene is preferred from the viewpoints of moldability and heat resistance. In the copolymers, these α-olefins can be used alone or in combination of two or more. Furthermore, polypropylene resins can be used alone or in combination of two or more.

[0032] In the present invention, any of polyethylene resins, polypropylene resins, and mixtures thereof polymerized with a polymerization catalyst such as a Ziegler-Natta compound, a metallocene compound, or a chromium oxide compound may be used. Among these, from the viewpoint of further enhancing stretchability, polyethylene resins polymerized with a metallocene compound are preferred, and linear low-density polyethylene resins polymerized with a metallocene compound are more preferred.

[0033] <Ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer> Examples of the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer used as the polyolefin resin include an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer containing 50% by mass or more of structural units derived from ethylene. Since the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer has high compatibility with polyethylene resins and polypropylene resins, the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer can also be used in combination with one or more resins selected from polyethylene resins and polypropylene resins. The density of the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer is preferably 0.92 g / cm ３ More preferably, 0.93 g / cm ３ More preferably, 0.94 g / cm ３ and preferably 0.99 g / cm ３ or less, more preferably 0.97 g / cm ３ The density of the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer is preferably 0.92 g / cm or less. ３ 0.99g / cm or more ３ or less, more preferably 0.93 g / cm ３ 0.97g / cm or more ３ More preferably, 0.94 g / cm ３ 0.97g / cm or more ３ The following is the result.

[0034] The polyolefin foam may be composed solely of the above-mentioned polyolefin resin, or may be a mixture of the polyolefin resin and an elastomer. Examples of the elastomer include ethylene-propylene-diene rubber (EPDM), ethylene-propylene rubber (EPM), and styrene rubber. Examples of the elastomer include thermoplastic elastomers. Examples of the thermoplastic elastomer include olefin-based thermoplastic elastomers and styrene-based thermoplastic elastomers. The content of the polyolefin resin in the polyolefin foam is preferably 50% by mass or more, more preferably 70% by mass or more, and even more preferably 90% by mass or more, based on the total mass of the foam.

[0035] A foam is formed by foaming a foamable resin composition containing a resin and a foaming agent. For example, a polyolefin foam is produced by foaming a foamable resin composition containing the above-mentioned polyolefin resin and a foaming agent. Examples of the foaming agent include chemical foaming agents and physical foaming agents. Furthermore, when producing a foam, the foamable resin composition may be crosslinked as described above and then foamed with a foaming agent.

[0036] <Blowing Agent> Examples of physical blowing agents include inert gases such as carbon dioxide and butane gas. Examples of chemical blowing agents that are preferred are thermally decomposable blowing agents. Examples of thermally decomposable blowing agents that can be used include organic and inorganic blowing agents. Examples of organic blowing agents include azo compounds such as azodicarbonamide, metal azodicarboxylates (e.g., barium azodicarboxylate), and azobisisobutyronitrile; nitroso compounds such as N,N'-dinitrosopentamethylenetetramine; hydrazine derivatives such as hydrazodicarbonamide, 4,4'-oxybis(benzenesulfonylhydrazide), and toluenesulfonylhydrazide; and semicarbazide compounds such as toluenesulfonylsemicarbazide. Examples of inorganic blowing agents include ammonium carbonate, sodium carbonate, ammonium bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate, ammonium nitrite, sodium borohydride, and anhydrous monosodium citrate. Among these, azo compounds are preferred, and azodicarbonamide is more preferred, from the viewpoints of obtaining fine bubbles, economy, and safety. The thermal decomposition type foaming agents may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

[0037] The content of the foaming agent in the foamable resin composition is preferably 1 part by mass or more and 30 parts by mass or less, more preferably 2 parts by mass or more and 25 parts by mass or less, and even more preferably 2 parts by mass or more and 20 parts by mass or less, relative to 100 parts by mass of the polyolefin resin. By using a foaming agent in an amount of 1 part by mass or more, the foam can be foamed appropriately and can be imparted with a certain degree of flexibility. Furthermore, by using a foaming agent in an amount of 30 parts by mass or less, the foam layer can be prevented from foaming more than necessary, and the mechanical strength of the foam can be improved.

[0038] The foamable resin composition may also be appropriately blended with additives that are generally used in foams, such as a crosslinking aid, a decomposition temperature adjuster, an antioxidant, a heat stabilizer, a colorant, a flame retardant, an antistatic agent, and a filler.

[0039] Examples of rubbers constituting the rubber sheet used as the component 2 include silicone rubber, urethane rubber, nitrile rubber, acrylic rubber, fluororubber, chloroprene rubber, ethylene propylene rubber, styrene rubber, polybutadiene rubber, butyl rubber, polyisobutylene, styrene-based thermoplastic elastomer, olefin-based thermoplastic elastomer, urethane-based thermoplastic elastomer, etc. The rubber to be used may be a rubber-like elastic material crosslinked with a crosslinking agent, or may be uncrosslinked raw rubber.

[0040] Examples of resins that can be used to form the resin sheet used as the component 2 include polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, a mixed resin of polyvinyl chloride and ABS resin, polyurethane resin, acrylic resin, and polyester resin.

[0041] 2 , an elastic component 2 is attached to an installation section 1 having an opening 11 through which a penetrating object passes, thereby closing the opening 11 of the installation section 1. For example, the component 2 may be attached to the installation section 1 using an adhesive (not shown) applied to the entirety or part of one surface of the component 2 to close the opening 11 of the installation section 1. Alternatively, the component 2 may be attached to the installation section 1 using a double-sided adhesive tape (not shown) attached to the entirety or part of one surface of the component 2 to close the opening 11 of the installation section 1.

[0042] The type of adhesive used to attach the component 2 is not particularly limited, but examples include acrylic adhesives, rubber adhesives, urethane adhesives, and silicone adhesives. These may be used alone or in combination. Among these, acrylic adhesives are preferred. Furthermore, the type of adhesive constituting the adhesive layer of the double-sided adhesive tape used to attach the component 2 is not particularly limited, but examples include acrylic adhesives, rubber adhesives, urethane adhesives, and silicone adhesives. These may be used alone or in combination. Among these, acrylic adhesives are preferred. The double-sided adhesive tape used to attach the component 2 may have a substrate or may not have a substrate. When the double-sided adhesive tape used to attach the component 2 has a substrate, examples of the substrate include sheet-like materials such as resin films, nonwoven fabrics, and metal foils. Among these sheet-like materials, resin films are preferred. Examples of resin films include polyethylene-based resin films, polypropylene-based resin films, acrylic-based resin films, fluorine-based resin films, polyvinyl chloride-based resin films, polycarbonate-based resin films, AES-based resin films, ASA-based resin films, etc. Among these, at least one resin film selected from the group consisting of polyolefin-based resin films such as polyethylene-based resin films and polypropylene-based resin films, acrylic-based resin films, fluorine-based resin films, and polyvinyl chloride-based resin films is more preferred.

[0043] Furthermore, although the above describes an embodiment in which the component 2 does not have an adhesive layer and an adhesive or double-sided adhesive tape is used during installation, the component 2 may also have an adhesive layer. The adhesive layer may be laminated on one side of the component. By providing the component 2 with an adhesive layer, the component 2's ease of application to the installation section 1 is improved. The adhesive layer is not particularly limited, but may be an adhesive layer formed from a known adhesive. The adhesive layer may also be a double-sided adhesive tape in which adhesive layers formed from an adhesive are laminated on both sides of a substrate. In this case, one adhesive layer attaches the first and second layers to the laminate, and the other adhesive layer serves as the adhesive surface for the installation section 1. The adhesive and substrate constituting the adhesive layer are not particularly limited and are as described above. The thickness of the adhesive layer is not particularly limited, but is preferably 5 μm to 700 μm, more preferably 10 μm to 500 μm, and even more preferably 40 μm to 300 μm.

[0044] The adhesive layer may be provided over the entire surface of one side of the component 2, or may be provided on a portion of that surface. When the adhesive layer is provided on a portion of one side, it may be formed in a frame shape so as to surround the center along the outer edge of one side of the component 2. For example, if the component 2 is rectangular as shown in FIG. 3, it may be formed in a rectangular frame shape (i.e., a picture frame shape). Note that, when the adhesive layer is formed in a frame shape as described above, the component 2 may be processed into a sheet shape. When the component 2 has an adhesive layer, it is preferable to attach the component 2 to the installation unit 1 via the adhesive layer provided on the component 2, without using a separate adhesive or double-sided adhesive tape, and to close the opening 11 of the installation unit 1.

[0045] In this embodiment, the component 2 may be composed of only one layer or two or more layers. When the component 2 is composed of two or more layers, each layer is preferably composed of the above-mentioned foam.

[0046] (Step B) In step B, as shown in FIG. 3 , a hole is made in the component 2 attached to the installation portion 1. The inner diameter of the hole is preferably smaller than the outer diameter of the penetrating object 5. In this case, since the component 2 has elasticity as described above, when the penetrating object 5 is inserted, the hole expands to match the outer diameter of the penetrating object 5, making it easier for the component 2 to reliably seal the gap around the penetrating object 5. In this embodiment, the hole is preferably a slit 21 as shown in FIG. 3 . The slit 21 may be formed in the component 2 using, for example, a cutter 4. The length of the slit 21 (i.e., the inner diameter of the hole) is preferably less than one-fourth the outer periphery of the cross section of the penetrating object that has been inserted through the component 2 and that contacts the component 2. If the length of the slit 21 is less than one-fourth the outer periphery of the cross section of the component 2, the generation of a gap between the component 2 and the penetrating object can be suppressed. From this perspective, the length of the slit 21 is more preferably one-fifth or less of the outer periphery of the cross section of the constituent 2, and even more preferably one-sixth or less of the outer periphery of the cross section of the constituent 2. Furthermore, from the perspective of preventing the constituent 2 from tearing at the slit 21, the length of the slit 21 (i.e., the inner diameter of the hole) is preferably one-fifteenth or more of the outer periphery of the cross section of the constituent 2, and more preferably one-tenth or more of the outer periphery of the cross section of the constituent 2. Note that, although the slit 21 is made in the constituent 2 using a cutter 4 in FIG. 3 , the tool used to make the slit 21 in the constituent 2 is not limited to the cutter 4. Note that the number of holes made in the constituent 2 may be one or more.

[0047] (Step C) In step C, as shown in Fig. 4 , the penetrating object 5 is penetrated through the component 2, and the gap between the component 2 and the penetrating object 5 is sealed. As described above, the component 2 has elasticity, and therefore, by inserting and penetrating the penetrating object 5, the gap around the penetrating object 5 penetrating the component 2 can be sealed by the component 2.

[0048] It is preferable that tearing of the component 2 does not occur from the hole 21 of the component 2 due to the insertion and penetration of the penetrating object 5. By preventing tearing of the component 2 from occurring from the hole 21 of the component 2, it is possible to more reliably seal the gap around the penetrating object 5 penetrating the component 2. Note that tearing means that even when the penetrating object 5 is passed through, the hole does not spread to a position away from the penetrating object 5.

[0049] It is preferable to slide the penetrating object 5 that has been passed through the hole 21 of the component 2, and further move the penetrating object 5 to the desired position. Since the component 2 has elasticity, even if the penetrating object 5 is moved, it is possible to reliably prevent the component 2 from tearing from the hole 21 of the component 2.

[0050] As shown in Figures 5(a) and (b), it is preferable that the portion 22 of the construct 2 through which the penetrator 5 penetrates protrudes in the direction in which the penetrator 5 penetrates. This allows the construct 2 and the penetrator 5 to be more firmly attached to each other, and the gap around the penetrator 5 penetrating the construct 2 to be more reliably closed. Note that there is no restriction on the direction in which the penetrator penetrates, and the penetrator may be inserted from either side of the outer surface of the construct 2. That is, the penetrator may penetrate the construct from top to bottom, or from bottom to top. For example, as shown in Figure 5(a), when the penetrator 5 penetrates the construct 2 from top to bottom, the portion 22 of the construct 2 through which the penetrator 5 penetrates protrudes downward. On the other hand, as shown in Figure 5(b), when the penetrator 5 penetrates the construct 2 from bottom to top, the portion 22 of the construct 2 through which the penetrator 5 penetrates protrudes upward.

[0051] [Modifications] The construction method according to the first embodiment of the present invention can be modified as follows.

[0052] (Variation 1) After step C, a step of further sealing the boundary between the component 2 and the penetrating object 5 using a filler 6 may be carried out as shown in Fig. 6. This makes it possible to more reliably close the gap around the penetrating object 5. For the filler 6, for example, materials that have traditionally been used in building construction can be used, such as urethane foam, putty, sealant, and rock wool.

[0053] (Variation 2) In the construction method of the first embodiment of the present invention, one penetrating object is passed through one opening 11. However, two or more penetrating objects may be passed through one opening. For example, as shown in FIG. 7 , three penetrating objects 5 may be passed through one opening 11. In this case, three holes may be formed and a penetrating object 5 may be passed through each hole, or multiple penetrating objects may be passed through one hole. According to the construction method of one embodiment of the present invention, even when two or more penetrating objects are passed through one opening 11, gaps around the penetrating objects 5 can be reliably sealed.

[0054] (Variation 3) In the construction method of the first embodiment of the present invention, in step B, a hole 21 is formed in the component 2 that blocks the opening, and the hole 21 is a slit. However, the hole formed in the component in step B is not limited to a slit as long as it allows a penetrating object to pass through the component. The hole may be formed by cutting out a portion of the component, for example, a notch 21A as shown in FIG. 8. Furthermore, the hole is not limited to a long, thin slit-shaped hole, but may be a roughly circular hole 21B as shown in FIG. 9. The hole 21B may be formed using a drill bit or needle, or may be formed by cutting out a portion. Furthermore, the hole formed in the component does not need to be formed after the component is attached to the installation portion, but may be formed before the component is attached to the installation portion.

[0055] If the hole is a circular hole 21B, the inner diameter of the hole 21B is preferably smaller than the outer diameter of the penetrator, which makes it easier to seal the gap around the penetrator in the assembly.

[0056] In this specification, the hole is not limited to a circular or slit shape formed by removing a portion of the component to form a cavity, as described above, but may also be a slit without a cavity. Furthermore, the hole is not limited to the circular, rectangular slit, or linear slit specifically described above, and may be any shape as long as it allows the penetrating object to pass through. For example, two linear slits may be combined in a cross shape. However, the hole does not need to be connected to the outer edge of the component 1, and for example, the slit may not extend to the outer edge. Not connecting the hole to the outer edge can improve sealing performance. The inner diameter of hole 2B is preferably 1 mm or more and 50 mm or less, more preferably 1 mm or more and 10 mm or less, and even more preferably 1 mm or more and 5 mm or less. When the inner diameter of the hole is within the above range, it is easy to make it smaller than the outer diameter of the penetrating object, and it is also easy to pass the penetrating part through the hole without tearing, providing high workability. The inner diameter of a hole means the diameter if it is circular, but if it is not circular it means the length in the longitudinal direction, for example, the length of the long side if it is a rectangular slit, the length of the slit if it is a straight slit, or the length of the longer slit if it is a cross-shaped slit.

[0057] (Variation 4) In the construction method of the first embodiment of the present invention, step B was performed. However, if a penetrating object can be passed through the component, step B need not be performed. That is, the construction method of one embodiment of the present invention may include step A of attaching an elastic component to an installation portion having an opening through which the penetrating object passes, thereby blocking the opening of the installation portion, and step C1 of passing the penetrating object through the component and sealing the gap between the component and the penetrating object. In this case, for example, as shown in FIG. 10( a), a penetrating object 5 may be strongly pressed against the component 2 to form a crack in the component 2, and as shown in FIG. 10( b), the penetrating object 5 may be inserted into the crack 23 in the component 2 formed by strongly pressing the penetrating object 5 against the component 2 and penetrated therethrough. Alternatively, a component with a hole formed in advance may be used.

[0058] (Variation 5) In the construction method of the first embodiment of the present invention, step B is performed before step C. However, step B may also be performed after step C. In this case, a hole may be drilled in the structure attached to the installation portion in order to pass a penetrating object through a structure without a hole, and then a penetrating object different from the penetrating object may be passed through the structure, or a hole may be formed in the structure by passing a penetrating object through the structure without a hole, and then a penetrating object different from the penetrating object may be pressed firmly against the structure to form a hole, and the penetrating object may be inserted into the hole and passed through.

[0059] (Variation 6) In the construction method of the first embodiment of the present invention, step C is performed after step A. However, step A may be performed after step C. In this case, a penetrating object is passed through the structure, the gap between the structure and the penetrating object is sealed, and then the structure with the penetrating object passed through it is attached to the installation portion.

[0060] [Installation Method of Second Embodiment] In the above first embodiment, an embodiment has been described in which the installation section has an opening and the opening is blocked by a structural member. However, an embodiment in which the installation section does not have an opening blocked by a structural member is also possible. Such an embodiment will be described below as a second embodiment. Specifically, the installation method of the second embodiment of the present invention includes a step D of attaching an elastic structural member to the installation section through which the penetrating object passes, a step E of drilling a hole in the structural member, and a step F of inserting the penetrating object into the hole in the structural member and penetrating it, and sealing the gap between the structural member and the penetrating object. Note that a description of the same points as in the installation method of the first embodiment will be omitted, and the following mainly describes the points that are different from the installation method of the first embodiment.

[0061] (Step D) In ​​step D, a stretchable component is attached to the installation portion through which the penetrating object passes. First, as shown in FIG. 11 , an installation portion 1A without an opening 11 and a stretchable component 2 are prepared. Specifically, the stretchable component is preferably a component having a breaking elongation of 150% or more in a tensile test conforming to JIS K6767. The breaking elongation in a tensile test conforming to JIS K6767 is preferably 250% or more. The upper limit of the breaking elongation range in a tensile test conforming to JIS K6767 is not particularly limited, but is preferably 900%.

[0062] The installation section 1A without an opening is not particularly limited and may be the same as that of the first embodiment except that it does not have an opening. However, among the above, a surface material is preferable. By using a surface material, as will be described later, a penetrating object can easily pass through the installation section 1A. Furthermore, since the penetrating object 2 is the same as that used in the construction method of the first embodiment, a description of the penetrating object 2 will be omitted.

[0063] Next, as shown in Fig. 12, the stretchable component 2 is attached to the installation portion 1A. The method for attaching the component 2 to the installation portion 1A is the same as the installation method of the first embodiment, so a description of the method for attaching the component 2 to the installation portion 1A will be omitted. Depending on the hardness of the installation portion 1A, if the component 2 is attached to the entire surface of the installation portion 1A when it expands and contracts to seal, there is a possibility that expansion and contraction will be suppressed. Therefore, the installation method for the component 2 is to attach the component 2 with an adhesive applied to the edges thereof or to fasten the edges with adhesive tape so that the penetrating object does not stick to the installation portion 1A.

[0064] (Step E) In step E, as shown in Fig. 13, holes 21 are drilled in the constituent body 2. In step E, holes may also be drilled in the installation portion 1A in addition to the constituent body 2. Note that step E is otherwise the same as step B of the construction method of the first embodiment, and therefore a description of step E will be omitted.

[0065] (Step F) In step F, as shown in Fig. 14, the penetrating object 5 is inserted into and penetrates the hole 21 of the constituent 2, and the gap between the constituent 2 and the penetrating object 5 is sealed. As shown in Fig. 14, in step F, it is preferable that the penetrating object 5 penetrates not only the constituent 2 but also the installation portion 1A. In other words, it is preferable that the installation portion 1A has a hole for passing the penetrating object 5. Step F is otherwise the same as step C of the construction method of the first embodiment, so a description of step F will be omitted.

[0066] As described above, in this embodiment, as in the first embodiment, the component 2 can easily seal gaps around the penetrating object. Furthermore, in this embodiment, even when the penetrating object 5 needs to penetrate a surface material such as a heat insulating material and the surface material cannot adequately seal the gap around the penetrating object, the component 2 can be provided to substantially close the gap in the surface material. Furthermore, the provision of the component 2 makes it easier to place another member on the surface of the component 2, as shown in the modified example described below.

[0067] [Modifications] The construction method of the second embodiment of the present invention can be modified like the modification of the construction method of the first embodiment. Furthermore, the construction method of the second embodiment of the present invention can be modified as follows.

[0068] (Variation 1) When the installation portion is a compressible surface material such as a heat insulating material or soundproofing material, a box-shaped member such as a switch box may be pushed into the installation portion to be stored. In this case, as shown in FIG. 15 , a box-shaped member 7 may be pushed into an installation portion 1A to which a component 2 is attached, and the box-shaped member 7 may be stored in the installation portion 1A. In this variation, when the box-shaped member is pushed, the installation portion 1A is compressed and deformed, and the component 2 also recesses toward the installation portion 1A, forming a recess 1C, and the box-shaped member 7 may be stored in the recess 1C. Furthermore, as the penetrating object 5, for example, wiring or piping may be stored inside the box-shaped member 7 and installed so that the wiring or piping extends from the box-shaped member 7 to the outside. The penetrating object 5 arranged to extend may be arranged to penetrate the component 2 and the installation portion 1A, as described above. In this variation, the penetrating object 5 is a wiring or piping, but the box-shaped member 7 may also be placed inside a hole in the component 2, and the box-shaped member 7 may serve as the penetrating object.

[0069] The construction method of the first embodiment of the present invention, the construction method of the second embodiment of the present invention, and their modified examples can be combined with each other as appropriate.

[0070] The construction method of the first embodiment of the present invention, the construction method of the second embodiment of the present invention, and their variations are merely examples of the construction method of the present invention, and the construction method of the first embodiment of the present invention, the construction method of the second embodiment of the present invention, and their variations do not limit the construction method of the present invention.

[0071] In relation to the above-described embodiments, the present invention further discloses the following structures. <1> A structure having a breaking elongation of 150% or more in a tensile test in accordance with JIS K6767 and a maximum point stress of 1.0 MPa or more and 6.0 MPa or less in the tensile test. <2> The structure according to <1> above, having one or more holes with an inner diameter of 1 mm or more and 50 mm or less. <3> The structure according to <1> or <2> above, including a foam. <4> The structure according to <3> above, in which the foam contains an olefin-based thermoplastic resin. <5> The structure according to <3> or <4> above, in which the foam has a closed cell content of 70% or more. <6> The structure according to any one of <1> to <5> above, including an adhesive layer provided on one surface of the structure. The above structures enable easy insertion of a penetrating object, while being resistant to tearing and achieving enhanced sealing properties. Details of the above structures are as described above.

[0072] The present invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples in any way.

[0073] The evaluation methods in this example are as follows. (Expansion Ratio of Layer Derived from Foamable Composition A and Layer Derived from Foamable Composition B) The expansion ratio can be calculated by dividing the density of the layer before foaming by the density (apparent density) of the layer after foaming. The apparent density can be measured in accordance with JIS K7222:2005. Note that each layer was cut from the foamable laminate sheet and the component using a slicer. Furthermore, if the foamable laminate sheet and the component were too soft and difficult to cut, the foamable laminate sheet and the component were immersed in liquid nitrogen to harden them before cutting.

[0074] (Thickness of the layer derived from foamable composition A and the layer derived from foamable composition B) A cross section of the construct was photographed using a digital microscope (manufactured by Keyence Corporation, product name VHX-900), and the thicknesses of the layer derived from foamable composition A and the layer derived from foamable composition B were measured from the photographed image.

[0075] (Thickness of Construct) The thickness of the central part of the construct was measured using a dial gauge.

[0076] (Elongation at break and maximum stress at maximum point of construct) The elongation at break and maximum stress at maximum point of construct were measured at a measurement temperature of 23°C by a tensile test in accordance with JIS K6767. The elongation at break and maximum stress at maximum point of the construct were measured in the MD and TD directions of the construct, and the average value of the elongation at break in the MD and TD directions of the construct was taken as the elongation at break of the construct, and the average value of the maximum stress at maximum point in the MD and TD directions of the construct was taken as the maximum stress at maximum point of the construct. Measurement samples for the tensile test were taken as follows. The size of the measurement sample was 1 to 2 cm wide and 10 cm long. If the construct had holes, the measurement sample was taken while avoiding the holes. If the construct had an adhesive layer on the entire surface, the measurement sample was prepared by punching out the adhesive layer as well. If the adhesive layer was partially provided, such as in a frame shape, the measurement sample was punched out while avoiding the adhesive layer. However, if the adhesive layer could not be avoided, the measurement sample was punched out so that the area of ​​the adhesive layer was minimized. At this time, the adhesive layer is arranged as close to the end in the longitudinal direction as possible.

[0077] (Airtightness Evaluation) As shown in FIG. 16( a), a hole 21B with a diameter of 3 mm was formed in the center of the component 2. Then, as shown in FIG. 16( b), a wire 40 with a diameter of 15 mm was passed through the hole 21B of the component 2. Next, as shown in FIG. 17, the component 2 with the wire 40 passed through the hole 21B was installed in an airtightness evaluation device 100. The airtightness evaluation device 100 includes ferrules 51 and 52 for fixing the component 2, a metal container 53, a pressure gauge 60 for measuring the pressure inside the metal container, and a compressor 70 for pressurizing the inside of the metal container. Then, as shown in FIG. 18, the inside of the metal container was pressurized using the compressor 70 until the pressure difference with atmospheric pressure reached 100 Pa. The metal container was then capped and left for 1 minute, after which the pressure difference (P1 (Pa)) inside the metal container was measured, and the pressure decay rate was calculated using the following formula. Pressure attenuation rate (%) = (100 - P1) ÷ 100 × 100 If the airtightness of the component 2 is high, the amount of air leaking from between the component 2 and the wiring 40 will be small, and the pressure attenuation rate will be low. On the other hand, if the airtightness of the component 2 is low, the amount of air leaking from between the component 2 and the wiring 40 will be large, and the pressure attenuation rate will be high. In addition, the inside of the wiring 40 is tightly sealed, so air does not leak out from inside the wiring 40.

[0078] (Watertightness Evaluation) As shown in FIG. 19, a water tank 80 measuring 15 cm x 15 cm x 15 cm and having an open bottom 81, and a component 2 having a hole 21c with a diameter of 30 mm formed in the center were prepared. Then, as shown in FIGS. 20(a) and (b), the component 2 was attached to the bottom 51 of the water tank 80. Note that, as shown in FIG. 20(b), the portion of the component 2 protruding from the water tank 80 was attached to the side of the water tank 80. As shown in FIG. 21, a pipe 90 (manufactured by Mirai Industry Co., Ltd., product name Miraflex SS, part number MFS-36) with an outer diameter of 45.5 mm was passed through the hole 21C of the component 2. At this time, as shown in FIG. 22(a), the pipe 90 was passed from the bottom of the component 2 through the hole 21C of the component 2. In this case, the portion of the component 2 near the hole 21C is convex upward. As shown in FIG. 22( b ), when the piping 90 was passed through the hole 21C of the component 2 from above, the portion of the component 2 near the hole 21C became convex downward. Next, a water-sensitive sheet 91 (manufactured by Paperless Manufacturing Co., Ltd., product name: Submersion and Wetness Detection Sticker, product number: 263) was wrapped around the portion of the piping 90 that protruded from the component 2. If a water leak occurred, the water-sensitive sheet 91 turned red due to the leaked water. This allowed for easy confirmation of the occurrence of a water leak. Then, water was poured into the water tank 80 with the piping 90 passed through the hole 21C of the component 2 so that the water level was 20 mm and 40 mm from the bottom of the water tank 80. Based on the coloring of the water-sensitive sheet 91, the presence or absence of water leakage from between the hole 21C of the component 2 and the piping 90 was observed, and the component 2 in the configuration shown in FIG. 22( a ) was evaluated according to the following evaluation criteria. The longer the time from when water is poured into the water tank 80 until water leakage occurs, the better the watertightness of the structure 2. Also, the higher the water level, the higher the water pressure in the area between the hole 21C of the structure 2 and the pipe 90, making it more likely that water leakage will occur. <Evaluation criteria> A: No water leakage occurred within 7 days after water was poured into the water tank. B: Water leakage occurred between 24 hours and 7 days after water was poured into the water tank. C: Water leakage occurred less than 24 hours after water was poured into the water tank.

[0079] (Presence or absence of gaps) In the airtightness evaluation, after passing the wiring 40 through the hole 21B of the component 2, the area around the wiring in the component 2 was observed, and in the watertightness evaluation, after passing the piping 90 through the hole 21C of the component 2, the area around the piping in the component 2 was observed, and the presence or absence of gaps was evaluated according to the following criteria. <Evaluation criteria> A: When observed visually, there were no gaps around the wiring or piping in both the airtightness evaluation and the watertightness evaluation. B: When observed visually, there were gaps around the wiring or piping in at least one of the airtightness evaluation and the watertightness evaluation.

[0080] (Cracks in the component) In the airtightness evaluation, after passing the wiring 40 through the hole 21B in the component 2, the area around the wiring in the component 2 was observed, and in the watertightness evaluation, after passing the piping 90 through the hole 21C in the component 2, the area around the piping in the component 2 was observed, and cracks in the component were evaluated according to the following criteria. <Evaluation criteria> A: When observed visually, there was no crack in the component in both the airtightness evaluation and the watertightness evaluation. B: When observed visually, there was a crack in the component in at least one of the airtightness evaluation and the watertightness evaluation.

[0081] (Punctureability) When passing the wiring 40 through the hole 21B of the component 2 in the airtightness evaluation, and when passing the piping 90 through the hole 21C of the component 2 in the watertightness evaluation, puncture resistance was evaluated according to the following criteria. <Evaluation criteria> A: Easily punctured. B: There was some resistance when puncturing, but puncture was possible. C: Cannot be punctured.

[0082] The components of the foamable sheets used in the examples and comparative examples are as follows: Polyethylene resin 1: Linear low-density polyethylene (m-LLDPE) produced using a metallocene catalyst (trade name "Kernel KF283" manufactured by Japan Polyethylene Co., Ltd., density: 0.921 g / cm ３) ・Polyethylene resin 2: Linear low-density polyethylene resin (LLDPE) (product name "Ultzex ​​2022D" manufactured by Prime Polymer Co., Ltd.) ・Polyethylene resin 3: Low-density polyethylene resin (LDPE) (product name "Novatec LF-411" manufactured by Japan Polyethylene Co., Ltd.) ・Ethylene vinyl acetate resin: EVA (product name "Evaflex 460-H" manufactured by Mitsui Dow Polychemicals Co., Ltd.) ・PE modifier: Si-grafted polyethylene (product name "Exfora" manufactured by Mitsui Fine Chemicals Co., Ltd.) ・α-olefin copolymer: α-olefin copolymer (product name "Absortomer" manufactured by Mitsui Chemicals, Inc.) ・Elastomer resin: Styrene-based elastomer (product name "Hybrar 7311F" manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd.) ・Pyrolytic foaming agent: Azodicarbonamide ・Decomposition temperature adjuster: Zinc oxide, product name "OW-212F" manufactured by Sakai Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. Antioxidant: phenolic antioxidant, 2,6-di-t-butyl-p-cresol

[0083] Example 1 30 parts by mass of polyethylene resin 2, 70 parts by mass of ethylene vinyl acetate resin, 6 parts by mass of a thermally decomposable foaming agent, 1.2 parts by mass of a decomposition temperature regulator, and 0.6 parts by mass of an antioxidant were fed into an extruder and melt-kneaded at 130°C to produce foamable composition A. Foamable composition A was then extrusion-molded to produce foamable sheet A. Next, foamable sheet A was crosslinked by irradiating it with an electron beam at an acceleration voltage of 500 kV for 2.5 Mrad, and then continuously fed into a foaming furnace maintained at 250°C by hot air and an infrared heater, where it was heated, to foam foamed sheet A to produce a foamed product A having a thickness of 1.0 mm and closed cells.

[0084] 100 parts by mass of polyethylene resin 1, 3.5 parts by mass of a thermally decomposable foaming agent, 1 part by mass of a decomposition temperature regulator, and 0.5 parts by mass of an antioxidant were fed to an extruder and melt-kneaded at 130°C to produce foamable composition B. Foamable composition B was then extrusion-molded to produce foamable sheet B. Next, foamable sheet B was crosslinked by irradiating it with an electron beam at an acceleration voltage of 500 kV for 2.5 Mrad, and then continuously fed into a foaming furnace maintained at 250°C by hot air and an infrared heater, where it was heated to foam foamed sheet B to obtain a foam sheet B having a thickness of 0.2 mm.

[0085] Next, an acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive was applied to foam sheet A to a thickness of 0.03 mm, and foam sheet B was attached to both sides of foam sheet A, followed by lamination in the order foam sheet B / foam sheet A / foam sheet B to obtain a laminate. Next, an acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive was applied to one side of the obtained laminate in a frame-like shape to a thickness of 0.07 mm, to obtain the structure of Example 1.

[0086] Example 2 A structure of Example 2 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that an acrylic adhesive was applied to the entire surface of one side of the obtained laminate to a thickness of 0.07 mm.

[0087] Example 3 First to third extruders were prepared. 100 parts by mass of polyethylene-based resin 1, 5 parts by mass of a thermally decomposable foaming agent, 1 part by mass of a decomposition temperature regulator, and 0.5 parts by mass of an antioxidant were supplied to the second extruder and melt-kneaded at 130°C to produce a foamable composition A. Next, 100 parts by mass of polyethylene-based resin 1, 3 parts by mass of a thermally decomposable foaming agent, 1 part by mass of a decomposition temperature regulator, and 0.5 parts by mass of an antioxidant were supplied to the first and third extruders, respectively, and melt-kneaded at 130°C to produce a foamable composition B in each of the first and third extruders. Foamable composition A was co-extruded from the second extruder, and foamable composition B was co-extruded from the first and third extruders, respectively, to produce a foamable laminate sheet comprising a layer composed of foamable composition A and layers composed of foamable composition B laminated on both sides of the layer. Next, the multilayer laminate sheet was crosslinked by irradiating it with 2.5 Mrad of an electron beam at an acceleration voltage of 500 kV, and then heated and foamed by continuously feeding it into a foaming furnace maintained at 250°C by hot air and an infrared heater, thereby obtaining a foam sheet having a thickness of 1.4 mm and having a layer derived from foamable composition B / a layer derived from foamable composition A / a layer derived from foamable composition B in this order. Next, an acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive was applied to one side of the obtained foam sheet in a thickness of 0.07 mm in a frame-like shape, thereby obtaining a structure of Example 3.

[0088] Example 4 A structure of Example 4 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 3, except that the composition of foam composition A was changed as shown in Table 1.

[0089] Examples 5 to 7 Constructs of Examples 5 to 7 were obtained in the same manner as in Example 3, except that the formulations of foam compositions A and B were changed as shown in Table 1.

[0090] Example 8 A foam sheet A was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1. An acrylic adhesive was applied to one surface of this foam sheet A in a frame shape with a thickness of 0.07 mm, to obtain the structure of Example 6.

[0091] Example 9 A foam sheet A was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1. An acrylic adhesive was applied to the entire surface of one side of this foam sheet A to a thickness of 0.07 mm, and the structure of Example 7 was obtained.

[0092] Examples 10 to 14 Constructs of Examples 8 to 12 were obtained in the same manner as in Example 6, except that the formulation of the foamable composition A was changed as shown in Table 1.

[0093] Example 15 A structure of Example 13 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 7, except that the formulation of the foamable composition A was changed as shown in Table 1.

[0094] Example 16 A structure of Example 14 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 13, except that one surface of the foam sheet A was entirely coated with an acrylic adhesive to a thickness of 0.14 mm.

[0095] Example 17 A structure of Example 15 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 6, except that the formulation of the foamable composition A was changed as shown in Table 1.

[0096]

[0097]

[0098] It was found that by passing a penetrating object through the structure of the example, the gap between the structure and the penetrating object could be easily sealed. Furthermore, by setting the breaking elongation and maximum point stress within a predetermined range, it became easier to insert the penetrating object into the structure, and it was possible to prevent the structure from cracking while improving the sealing performance of the gap between the structure and the penetrating object.

[0099] DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1, 1A Installation part 2 Constituent body 4 Cutter 5 Penetrating object 6 Filler material 7 Box-shaped member 11 Opening 21 Hole (cut) 21A Notch 21B, 21C Hole 22 Portion of constituent body through which penetrating object passes 23 Crack 40 Wiring 51, 52 Ferrule 53 Metal container 60 Pressure gauge 70 Compressor 80 Water tank 90 Piping 91 Water-sensitive sheet 100 Airtightness evaluation device

Claims

1. An installation method comprising: a first step of attaching an elastic structure to an installation portion; and a second step of passing a penetrating object through the structure and sealing the gap between the structure and the penetrating object.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the structure comprises a foam.

3. The construction method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the structure has a breaking elongation of 150% or more in a tensile test in accordance with JIS K6767.

4. The construction method according to claim 3, wherein the maximum point stress of the structure in the tensile test is 1.0 MPa or more and 6.0 MPa or less.

5. A construction method as described in claim 1 or 2, wherein the second step involves sliding the penetrating object that has penetrated the structure to further move the penetrating object to a desired position.

6. The construction method according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a third step of drilling holes in the structure attached to the installation portion before or after the second step.

7. The construction method according to claim 6, wherein the inner diameter of the hole is smaller than the outer diameter of the penetrating object.

8. A construction method as described in claim 1 or 2, wherein the first step involves attaching the structure to the installation portion using an adhesive applied to the entirety or part of one side of the structure, or double-sided adhesive tape attached to the entirety or part of one side of the structure.

9. The construction method according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a fourth step, after the second step, of further sealing the boundary between the structure and the penetration with a filler material.

10. The construction method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the installation portion has an opening, and the component is attached to the installation portion so as to close the opening.

11. A construction method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the installation portion is a surface material, and in the second step, the penetrating object is caused to penetrate the surface material and the structural body.

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