Shock absorbing silicone elastomer composition
A silicone elastomer composition without MQ resin, using specific components and ratios, addresses the challenge of high impact absorption and recovery in shock absorption layers, achieving over 50%absorption and a tan δ less than 0.3, improving material longevity.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- PCT/CN2024/106174
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-07-18
- Publication Date
- 2026-01-22
AI Technical Summary
Existing silicone pressure sensitive adhesives (PSAs) used in shock absorption layers of articles like cell phones face challenges in achieving high impact absorption and recovery properties while maintaining a low tan δ value, typically requiring MQ resin which increases tan δ and reduces material longevity.
A silicone elastomer composition comprising hydroxyl-functional and pendant alkenyl-functional polyorganosiloxane gums, silylhydride-functional crosslinker, hydrosilylation catalyst, inhibitor, and solvent, without MQ resin, with specific weight and mole ratios, to achieve high impact absorption and recovery, as evidenced by a ball shock absorbance of over 50% and a tan δ less than 0.3 at 25 ℃.
The composition demonstrates improved shock absorption and recovery properties, achieving over 50%absorption with a 14 mm steel ball dropped from 62 mm and 100 mm heights, and maintains a tan δ less than 0.3, enhancing material longevity.
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Abstract
Description
SHOCK ABSORBING SILICONE ELASTOMER COMPOSITIONFIELD
[0001] The present invention relates to a silicone elastomer composition that provides shock absorbing properties without MQ resin.
[0002] INTRODUCTION
[0003] Silicone pressure sensitive adhesives (PSAs) have desirable properties in applications such as cell phones. Silicone PSAs are useful in articles such as cell phones as shock absorption layers that absorb impact forces to prevent damage to other components of the article. Even more desirable is for the silicone PSA to not only absorb an impact force but recover from the impact force so as to be ready to absorb another impact force. In particular, it is desirable for a silicone PSA to demonstrate a ball shock absorbance using a 14 millimeter (mm) diameter steel ball having a mass of 11.2 grams (g) dropped from a height of 62 mm that is greater than 50%and when dropped from a height of 100 mm that is greater than 50%using the shock absorption test described herein below. At the same time, the PSA material is recoverable from an impact as evidenced by demonstrating a tan δ that is less than 0.3 at 25 degrees Celsius (℃) as measured according to the rheological property testing described herein below.
[0004] MQ resin is a well-known tackifier used in silicone PSAs to improve peel adhesion. MQ resins also typically increase the tan δ value of a composition, which can result in a higher shock absorption performance. However, a high tan δ value also tends to result in undesirably low level of recovery from repeated impact or deformation. Low recovery from repeated impact reduces the longevity of the material as a shock absorbing material. In order to achieve a tan δ value of less than 0.3 while achieving desirable impact and recovery properties, it is desirable to identify a silicone material that does not require MQ resin and yet still achieves such shock absorption and recovery properties.SUMMARY
[0005] The present invention provides a solution to the problem of providing a silicone composition that cures to a composition demonstrating a ball shock absorbance using a 14 millimeter (mm) diameter steel ball having a mass of 11.2 grams (g) dropped from a height of 62 mm that is greater than 50%and when dropped from a height of 100 mm that is greater than 50%using the Shock Absorption Test described herein below, a tan δ that is less than 0.3 at 25 ℃ as measured according to the Rheological Property Testing described herein below, and that is free of MQ resin.
[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention is a silicone elastomer composition comprising the following components: (a) hydroxyl-functional polyorganosiloxane gum; (b) pendant alkenyl-functional polyorganosiloxane gum; (c) silylhydride-functional crosslinker containing an average of at least 2 SiH groups per molecule; (d) hydrosilylation catalyst; (e) hydrosilylation inhibitor; (f) solvent; (g) optionally, terminal alkenyl-functional polyorganosiloxane gum that is free of pendant alkenyl groups; and (h) optionally, tetraalkoxysilane; where: (i) the silicone elastomer composition is free of MQ resin; (ii) the weight ratio of components (a) / (b) is in a range of 0.1 to 10; (iii) the mole ratio of (SiH) / (C=C) is in a range of one to 20; and (iv) the weight percent of alkenyl groups relative to total weight of components (a) , (b) and (g) is in a range of 0.035 to 1.00.
[0007] In a second aspect, the present invention is a process comprising heating a silicone elastomer composition of the first aspect to cure the silicone elastomer composition to obtain a silicone elastomer composition in a cured state.
[0008] In a third aspect, the present invention is an article comprising the silicone elastomer composition of the first aspect, where the silicone elastomer composition is optionally in a cured state and at the same time is optionally on a substrate.
[0009] The composition of the present invention is useful in the process of the present invention to produce the article of the present invention. The article of the present invention can be an article such as a foldable protective film with shock absorption properties useful, for example, in foldable smartphone application or as a shock absorption layer for organic light emitting diode (OLED) structures in a cell phone or other optical display device.DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0010] Test method refer to the most recent test method as of the priority date of this application unless otherwise noted. Products identified by their tradename refer to the compositions available under those tradenames on the priority date of this document.
[0011] “Multiple” means two or more. “And / or” means “and, or as an alternative” . All ranges include endpoints unless otherwise indicated.
[0012] “Average value” when referencing a value describing a molecule refers to the average value of a sample of molecules since it is difficult to measure the value of a single molecule.
[0013] Polyorganosiloxanes and siloxanes refer to materials comprising multiple siloxane units. Siloxane units can be characterized by the designation M, D, T or Q. M refers to a siloxane unit having the formula “ (CH3) 3SiO1 / 2” . D refers to a siloxane unit having the formula “ (CH3) 2SiO2 / 2” . T refers to a siloxane unit having the formula “ (CH3) SiO3 / 2” . Q refers to a siloxane unit having the formula “SiO4 / 2” . Non-oxygen groups bound to the silicon atom in M, D and T units are methyl groups unless otherwise stated or indicated. Notably, an oxygen atom having a multiple of “1 / 2” subscript indicates that the oxygen bridges the specified atom to a second atom where the second atom is also specified with an oxygen having a multiple of “1 / 2” subscript. For example, ( (CH3) 3SiO1 / 2) (SiO4 / 2) , or MQ, refers to a M unit bound to a Q unit with an oxygen atom shared between the silicon atom of the M unit and a silicon atom of the Q unit. The multiplier of the 1 / 2 subscript indicates how many oxygen atoms are in such a shared bonding configuration with the silicon atom of the siloxane unit.
[0014] Reference to a siloxane unit designation with the suffix “-type” refers to the siloxane unit where any one or more than one methyl group is actually an R1 group where R1 is a hydrocarbyl containing from one to 8 carbon atoms. For instance, R1 can be methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl, hexyl, heptyl, or octyl.
[0015] A siloxane unit can include as a superscript an indication of a group bound to that silicon atom in place of an alkyl group. For instance, “MH-type” unit refers to an M-type unit with one R1 group replaced with hydrogen: ( (R1) 2HSiO1 / 2) . “MH” unit refers to an M unit with one methyl replaced with a hydrogen atom ( (CH3) 2HSiO1 / 2) .
[0016] “MQ resin” refers to a polysiloxane that contain primarily (greater than 70%, 80%, 90%and can be 100 %) M and Q siloxane units based on all types of siloxane units in the molecule. There can be some T or even D siloxane units present but nearly all, if not all, of the siloxane units are M and Q siloxane units.
[0017] “Non-functional” means the molecule is free of terminal or pendant reactive groups such as alkenyl groups, hydroxy groups. Desirably, a “non-functional” polyorganosiloxane has only hydrogen or hydrocarbyl groups in terminal and pendant positions.
[0018] “Terminal” describes a feature that includes an end atom of a polymer chain or hydrocarbon chain. If the hydrocarbon chain is a “terminal alkenyl group” attached to another molecular component then a carbon-carbon double bond exists between the carbon most remote from here the terminal alkenyl group attaches to the other molecular component and a carbon adjacent thereto.
[0019] “Pendant” refers to a feature that includes an atom within a polymer chain or hydrocarbon, which is an atom that is not an end atom of the polymer chain or hydrocarbon.
[0020] “Polyorganosiloxane gum” refers to a linear polyorganosiloxane having a number-average molecular weight (Mn) that is greater than 200,000 grams per mole (g / mol) and that is typically less than 1 million g / mol. Determine Mn for polyorganosiloxane gums by GPC using a Waters 2695 Separations Module equipped with a vacuum degasser and a Waters 2414 refractive index detector. Use three StyragelTM HR columns (300 millimeters (mm) by 7.8 mm)(molecular weight separation range of 100 to 4,000,000) preceded by a StyragelTM guard column 930 mm by 4.6 mm) . Styragel is a trademark of Waters Technologies Corporation. Use certified grade tetrahydrofuran flowing at 1.0 milliliter per minute as the eluent and maintain the columns at 35 ℃. Use a sample solution at a concentration of 1.0 %weight / volume prepared by diluting 0.050 grams of sample in a glass vial with 5 milliliters of tetrahydrofuran. Transfer the sample solution to a glass autosampler vial after filtering through 0.45 micrometer polytetrafluoroethylene filter. Use and injection volume of 1000 microliters and collect data for 37 minutes using Waters Empower GPC software. Analyze data using Agilent Cirrus software. Determine molecular weight averages relative to a calibration curve (3rd order) created with polystyrene standards over a molecular weight range of 474 to 1, 270.000.
[0021] A polyorganosiloxane gum is generally too viscous to measure viscosity so instead it is characterized by a “plasticity number” . Plasticity number refers to 100 times the thickness of a material when a 1 kilogram force load is applied for 3 minutes to a 4.2 gram spherical sample at 25 degrees Celsius (℃) as determined to 1 / 100 mm. A polyorganosiloxane gum has a plasticity number that is in a range of 500 to 200, preferably, 80 to 200 and more preferably 100 to 200 as measured in accordance with the method of JIS K6249.
[0022] In a first aspect, the present invention is a silicone elastomer composition. A silicone elastomer composition is a curable composition that cures to form a silicone elastomer. The silicone elastomer composition of the present invention cures by hydrosilylation reactions between components of the elastomer composition.
[0023] The elastomer composition of the present invention comprises the following components: (a) hydroxyl-functional polyorganosiloxane gum; (b) pendant alkenyl-functional polyorganosiloxane gum; (c) silylhydride-functional crosslinker containing an average of at least 2 silylhydride (SiH) groups per molecule; (d) hydrosilylation catalyst; (e) hydrosilylation inhibitor; (f) solvent; (g) optionally, terminal alkenyl-functional polyorganosiloxane gum that is free of pendant alkenyl groups; and (h) optionally, tetraalkoxysilane. Components (g) and (h) are optional, which means the elastomer composition can contain both components (g) and (h) , one of components (g) and (h) , or be free of components (g) and (h) . The elastomer composition is free of MQ resin.
[0024] Weight-percent (wt%) values herein are relative to the combined weight of components (a) through (h) unless otherwise stated.
[0025] (a) Hydroxyl-functional polyorganosiloxane gum
[0026] The hydroxyl-functional polyorganosiloxane gum is preferably a linear polyorganosiloxane gum. The hydroxyl functionalities on the linear polyorganosiloxane gum are terminal, typically with one hydroxyl on either end of the linear polyorganosiloxane gum.
[0027] The hydroxyl-functional polyorganosiloxane gum can have an average chemical structure (I) : HOR2SiO (R2SiO) dSiR2OH (I)
[0028] where:
[0029] each R independently in each occurrence refers to an alkyl group having from one to 8 carbon atoms and can be, for example, selected from methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl and hexyl groups;
[0030] “HO” and “OH” refer to hydroxyl groups; and
[0031] subscript d indicates the average number of (R2SiO) groups per molecule and has a value in a range of 2000 to 5000, and can be 2000 or higher, 2500 or higher, 3000 or higher, even 3500 or higher, while at the same time is typically 5000 or less, and can be 4500 or less, 4000 or less, even 3750 or less.
[0032] The hydroxyl-functional polyorganosiloxane gum is typically present at a concentration in a range of one to 50 weight-percent (wt%) and can be one wt%or more, 2 wt%or more, 2.5 wt%or more, 3 wt%or more, 4 wt%or more, 5 wt%or more, 10 wt%or more, 12 wt%or more, 14 wt%or more, 16 wt%or more, 18 wt%or more, 20 wt%or more 22 wt%or more, 24 wt%or more, 26 wt%or more, even 28 wt%or more, while at the same time is typically 50 wt%or less, and can be 40 wt%or less, even 30 wt%or less. Wt%values are relative to the combined weight of components (a) through (h) .
[0033] The hydroxyl-functional polyorganosiloxane gum can be free of alkenyl groups.
[0034] (b) Pendant alkenyl-functional polyorganosiloxane gum
[0035] The pendant alkenyl-functional polyorganosiloxane gum contains pendant alkenyl groups and can also contain or can be free of terminal alkenyl groups. Desirably, the pendant alkenyl-functional polyorganosiloxane gum has an average chemical structure (II) : R1R2SiO (R2SiO) x (R2RSiO) ySiR2R1 (II)
[0036] where:
[0037] each “R” independently in each occurrence refers to an alkyl group having from one to 8 carbon atoms and can be, for example, selected from methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl and hexyl groups;
[0038] each “R1” independently in each occurrence refers to an R group or a terminal alkenyl group having from 2 to 8 carbon atoms and can be selected from, for example, methyl, vinyl, and hexenyl groups;
[0039] each “R2” independently in each occurrence refers to a terminal alkenyl group having from 2 to 8 carbon atoms and can be, for example, selected for example, vinyl and hexenyl groups;
[0040] subscript x is the average number of (R2SiO) units per molecule and has a value in a range of 2000 to 10,000, and can be 2000 or more, 3000 or more, 4000 or more, 4500 or more, 5000 or more, 5500 or more, even 6000 or more while at the same time is typically 10,000 or less, 9,000 or less, 8,000 or less, 7500 or less, and can be 7000 or less, even 6000 or less; and
[0041] subscript y is the average number of (R2RSiO) units per molecule and has a value in a range of 5 to 200, and can be 5 or higher, 6 or higher, 7 or higher, 8 or higher, 9 or higher, 10 or higher, 20 or higher, even 30 or higher while at the same time is typically 250 or less, and can be 200 or less, 190 or less, 180 or less, 170 or less, 160 or less, 150 or less, 140 or less, 130 or less, 120 or less, 110 or less, 100 or less, 90 or less, 80 or less, 70 or less, 60 or less, even 50 or less.
[0042] The amount of pendant alkenyl-functional polyorganosiloxane gum relative to component hydroxyl-functional polyorganosiloxane gum is such that the weight ratio of hydroxyl-functional polyorganosiloxane gum to pendant alkenyl-functional polyorganosiloxane gum (that is, the weight ratio of components (a) / (b) ) is in a range of 0.1 to 10, and can be 0.1 or more, one or more, 2 or more, 3 or more, 4 or more, 5 or more, 6 or more, 7 or more, 8 or more, even 9 or more, while at the same time is typically 10 or less, and can be 9 or less, 8 or less, 7 or less, 6 or less, 5 or less, 4 or less, 3 or less, 2 or less, even one or less.
[0043] The pendant alkenyl-functional polyorganosiloxane gum is typically present at a concentration in a range of one to 50 wt%, and can be one wt%or more, 2 wt%or more, 2.5 wt%or more, 3 wt%or more, 4 wt%or more, 5 wt%or more, 10 wt%or more, 12 wt%or more, 14 wt%or more, 16 wt%or more, 18 wt%or more, 20 wt%or more 22 wt%or more, 24 wt%or more, 26 wt%or more, even 28 wt%or more, while at the same time is typically 50 wt%or less, and can be 40 wt%or less, even 30 wt%or less. Wt%values are relative to the combined weight of components (a) through (h) .
[0044] (c) Silylhydride-functional crosslinker
[0045] The silylhydride-functional crosslinker is typically a siloxane that contains 2 or more silylhydride (SiH) functional groups. The silylhydride-functional crosslinker is desirably a linear siloxane with pendant SiH functional groups that either includes or is free of terminal SiH functional groups. For instance, the silylhydride-functional crosslinker can be a linear silylhydride-functional polydimethyl siloxane with pendant SiH functionality. The silylhydride-functional crosslinker can have an average chemical structure (III) : [R3SiO] [R2SiO] m [HRSiO] n [R3Si] (III)
[0046] where:
[0047] R is as described herein above and can be, for example, a methyl group;
[0048] subscript m is the average number of (R2SiO) siloxane units per molecule and has a value in a range of zero to 100, and can be zero or higher, one or higher, 2 or higher, 3 or higher, 4 or higher, 5 or higher, 10 or higher, 15 or higher, 20 or higher, 25 or higher, even 30 or higher, while at the same time is typically 100 or lower, and can be 90 or lower, 80 or lower, 70 or lower, 60 or lower, 50 or lower, 40 or lower, 35 or lower, 30 or lower, 20 or lower, 10 or lower, even 5 or lower; and
[0049] subscript n is the average number of (HRSiO) siloxane units per molecule and has a value in a range of one to 100, and can have a value of one or more, 5 or more, 10 or more, 20 or more, 30 or more, 40 or more, even 50 or more, while at the same time is typically 100 or lower, and can be 90 or lower, 80 or lower, 70 or lower, 60 or lower, 50 or lower, 40 or lower, 30 or lower, 20 or lower, even 10 or lower.
[0050] Desirably, the concentration of silylhydride-functional crosslinker is sufficient to achieve a molar ratio of SiH groups to alkenyl groups (that is, a molar ratio of (SiH) / (C=C) ) in the elastomer composition that is in a range of one to 20, and that can be one or more, 2 or more, 3 or more, 4 or more, 5 or more, 6 or more, 7 or more, 8 or more, 9 or more, 10 or more, 12 or more, 14 or more, 15 or more, 16 or more, even 18 or more, while at the same time is typically 20 or less, and can be 15 or less, even 10 or less.
[0051] Typically, the concentration of silylhydride-functional crosslinker is in a range of 0.1 to 3.0 wt%, and can be 0.1 wt%or more, 0.2 wt%or more, 0.3 wt%or more, 0.4 wt%or more, 0.5 wt%or more, 0.6 wt%or more, 0.7 wt%or more, 0.8 wt%or more, 0.9 wt%or more, 1.0 wt%or more, 1.2 wt%or more, 1.4 wt%or more, 1.6 wt%or more, even 1.7 wt%or more, while at the same time is typically 3.0 wt%or less, 2.5 wt%or less, 2.0 wt%or less, 1.9 wt%or less, 1.8 wt%or less, 1.7 wt%or less, 1.6 wt%or less, 1.5 wt%or less, 1.4 wt%or less, 1.3 wt%or less, 1.2 wt%or less, 1.1 wt%or less, even 1.0 wt%or less. Wt%values are relative to the combined weight of components (a) through (h) .
[0052] (d) Hydrosilylation catalysts
[0053] In the broadest scope of the present invention, the hydrosilylation catalyst can be any catalyst that facilitates hydrosilylation reactions. Typically, the hydrosilylation catalyst is a platinum-based hydrosilylation catalyst. Platinum-based hydrosilylation catalysts include compounds and complexes such as platinum (0) -1, 3-divinyl-1, 1, 3, 3-tetramethyldisiloxane (Karstedt's catalyst) , platinum-carbonyl complexes, platinum cyclovinylmethylsiloxane complexes, platinum acetylacetonate (acac) , cyclopentadienyl alky platinum, platinum black, platinum compounds such as chloroplatinic acid, chloroplatinic acid hexahydrate, a reaction product of chloroplatinic acid and a monohydric alcohol, platinum bis (ethylacetoacetate) , platinum bis (acetylacetonate) , platinum dichloride, and complexes of the platinum compounds with olefins or low molecular weight organopolysiloxanes or platinum compounds microencapsulated in a matrix or core-shell type structure. The catalyst can be a supported Pt catalysts with Pt metal particles or compounds adsorbed onto or absorbed into a support material such as carbon or alumina. The hydrosilylation catalyst can be part of a solution that includes complexes of platinum with low molecular weight organopolysiloxanes that include 1, 3-diethenyl-1, 1, 3, 3-tetramethyldisiloxane complexes with platinum. These complexes may be microencapsulated in resin. Other transition or noble metal compounds can also be used as hydrosilylation catalysts, for example, di-μ. -carbonyl di-. π. -cyclopentadienyl dinickel.
[0054] The concentration of hydrosilylation catalyst is typically in a range of 0.1 to 1.5 wt%, and can be 0.1 wt%or more, 0.2 wt%or more, 0.3 wt%or more, 0.4 wt%or more, 0.5 wt%or more, 0.6 wt%or more, 0.7 wt%or more, 0.8 wt%or more, even 0.9 wt%or more, while at the same time is typically 1.5 wt%or less, 1.4 wt%or less, 1.3 wt%or less, 1.2 wt%or less, 1.1 wt%or less, 1.0 wt%or less, 0.9 wt%or less, 0.8 wt%or less, 0.7 wt%or less, 0.6 wt%or less, even 0.5 wt%or less. Wt%values are relative to the combined weight of components (a) through (h) .
[0055] Typically, include sufficient hydrosilylation catalyst to obtain a platinum concentration in the composition that is in a range of 10 to 200 mass parts per million mass parts composition.
[0056] (e) Hydrosilylation inhibitor
[0057] Examples of suitable hydrosilylation catalyst inhibitors include any one or any combination of more than one of acetylene-type compounds such as 2-methyl-3-butyn-2-ol; 3-methyl-l-butyn-3-ol; 3, 5-dimethyl-l-hexyn-3-ol; 2-phenyl-3-butyn-2-ol; 3-phenyl-l-butyn-3-ol; 1-ethynyl-1-cyclohexanol; 1, 1-dimethyl-2-propynyl) oxy) trimethylsilane; and methyl (tris (l, l- dimethyl-2-propynyloxy) ) silane; ene-yne compounds such as 3-methyl-3-penten-l-yne and 3, 5-dimethyl-3-hexen-l-yne; triazols such as benzotriazole; hydrazine-based compounds; phosphines-based compounds; mercaptane-based compounds; cycloalkenylsiloxanes including methylvinylcyclosiloxanes such as l, 3, 5, 7-tetramethyl-1, 3, 5, 7-tetravinyl cyclotetrasiloxane and l, 3, 5, 7-tetramethyl-l, 3, 5, 7-tetrahexenyl cyclotetrasiloxane.
[0058] The concentration of hydrosilylation inhibitor is typically in a range of greater than zero to 0.20 wt%, and typically is 0.001 wt%or more, 0.002 wt%or more, 0.003 wt%or more, 0.004 wt%or more, 0.005 wt%or more, 0.010 wt%or more, 0.020 wt%or more, 0.030 wt%or more, 0.040 wt%or more, 0.050 wt%or more, 0.060 wt%or more, 0.070 wt%or more, 0.080 wt%or more, 0.090 wt%or more, even 0.10 wt%or more, while at the same time is typically 0.20 wt%or less, 0.015 wt%or less, 0.12 wt%or less, 0.10 wt%or less, 0.080 wt%or less, 0.060 wt%or less, 0.040 wt%or less, 0.020 wt%or less, or even 0.010 wt%or less. Wt%values are relative to the combined weight of components (a) through (h) .
[0059] (f) Solvent
[0060] The solvent is a carrier for the other components of the composition and desirably dissolves components (a) and (b) . Suitable solvents include polysiloxane solvents and, preferably organic solvents. Desirably, the solvent is an organic solvent. Exemplary organic solvents include: aromatic hydrocarbon-based solvents such as toluene, xylene and benzene; aliphatic hydrocarbon-based solvents such as heptane, hexane, octane and isoparaffin; ester-based solvents such as ethyl acetate and isobutyl acetate; ether-based solvents such as diisopropyl ether and 1, 4-dioxane; and chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbon-based solvents such as trichloroethylene, perchloroethylene and methylene chloride.
[0061] The concentration of solvent is typically in a range of 40 to 80 wt%, and can be 40 wt%or more, 50 wt%or more, 60 wt%or more, 70 wt%or more, while at the same time is typically 80 wt%or less, 75 wt%or less, 70 wt%or less, 65 wt%or less, 60 wt%or less, 55 wt%or less, 50 wt%or less, or even 45 wt%or less. Wt%values are relative to the combined weight of components (a) through (h) .
[0062] (g) Terminal alkenyl-functional polyorganosiloxane gum
[0063] The elastomer composition can comprise, or be free of, a terminal alkenyl-functional polyorganosiloxane gum that is free of pendant alkenyl groups. Typically, the terminal alkenyl-functional polyorganosiloxane gum is a linear polyorganosiloxane gum that contains alkenyl groups on the terminal ends of the siloxane gum. For example, the terminal alkenyl-functional polyorganosiloxane gum can have an average chemical structure (IV) : R2R2SiO- (R2SiO) d-SiR2R2 (IV)
[0064] where: R and R2 are as described herein above and subscript d is the average number of (R2SiO) siloxane groups per molecule and typically has a value in a range of 2000 to 10,000, and can be 2000 or more, 3000 or more, 4000 or more, 5000 or more, 5500 or more, 6000 or more, 7000 or more, even 8000 or more, while at the same time is typically 10,000 or less, and can be 9000 or less, 8000 or less, 7000 or less, even 6000 or less.
[0065] The concentration of the terminal alkenyl-functional polyorganosiloxane gum that is free of pendant alkenyl groups is typically in a range of zero to 25 wt%, and can be zero wt%or more, 5 wt%or more, 7 wt%or more, 9 wt%or more, 11 wt%or more, even 15 wt%or more, while at the same time is typically 25 wt%or less, and can be 20 wt%or less, 18 wt%or less, 16 wt%or less, 14 wt%or less, 12 wt%or less, 10 wt%or less, even 8 wt%or less. Wt%values are relative to the combined weight of components (a) through (h) .
[0066] (h) Tetraalkoxysilane
[0067] The elastomer composition can comprise, or be free of, a tetraalkoxysilane. Tetraalkoxysilanes can be desirable as an anchorage additive to help bind the elastomer resulting from the elastomer composition to a substrate.
[0068] Tetraalkoxysilane, also known as tetraalkyl orthosilicate, has the general chemical structure: (R1O) 4Si, where each R1 is an alkyl group. Generally, R1 is selected from alkyl group having one or more, two or more, three or more four or more, five or more, even 6 or more carbon atoms while at the same time typically having 8 or fewer, 7 or fewer, 6 or fewer, 5 or fewer, 4 or fewer, 3 or fewer, even 2 or fewer carbon atoms. Typically, the tetraalkoxysilane is one or both tetraalkoxysilane selected from tetramethoxysilane (tetramethyl orthosilicate) and tetraethoxysilane (tetraethyl orthosilicate) . The tetraalkoxysilane can be a single tetraalkoxysilane or a combination of more than one tetraalkoxysilane.
[0069] The concentration of tetraalkoxysiloxane in the elastomer composition is typically in a range of zero to 1.0 wt%; and can be zero wt%or more, 0.05 wt%or more, 0.1 wt%or more, 0.2 wt%or more, 0.3 wt%or more, 0.4 wt%or more, even 0.5 wt%or more, while at the same time is typically 1.0 wt%or less, and can be 0.9 wt%or less, 0.8 wt%or less, 0.7 wt%or less, 0.6 wt%or less, or even 0.5 wt%or less. Wt%values are relative to the combined weight of components (a) through (h) .
[0070] The elastomer composition is further characterized by the weight percentage of alkenyl groups relative to total weight of components (a) , (b) and (g) is in a range of 0.035 to 1.00, and can be 0.035 or more, 0.050 or more, 0.060 or more, 0.070 or more, 0.080 or more, 0.090 or more, 0.100 or more, 0.150 or more, 0.200 or more, 0.300 or more, 0.400 or more, 0.0500 or more, even 0.600 or more, while at the same time is typically 1.00 or less, and can be 0.900 or less, 0.800 or less, 0.700 or less, 0.650 or less, 0.600 or less, 0.500 or less, 0.400 or less, 0.300 or less, 0.200 or less, 0.100 or less, 0.080 or less, 0.060 or less, even 0.050 or less.
[0071] In a second aspect, the present invention is a process of curing the elastomer composition of the first aspect into an elastomer. The process comprises heating the elastomer composition of the present invention to cure the silicone elastomer (convert the silicone elastomer composition to the silicone elastomer in a cured state, or as a silicone elastomer) . The process can include first applying the silicone elastomer composition to a substrate prior to or while heating the silicone elastomer composition to convert it to a cured state.
[0072] In a third aspect, the present invention is an article comprising the silicone elastomer composition of the first aspect, or the silicone elastomer resulting from curing the silicone elastomer composition of the first aspect. The article can further comprise a substrate such that the silicone elastomer composition or silicone elastomer resides on the substrate.
[0073] EXAMPLES
[0074] Table 1 lists the materials for use in the following examples (Ex) and comparative examples (CE) . Me is a methyl group. OH is a hydroxyl group. Hex is a hexenyl group. DOWSIL is a trademark of The Dow Chemical Company (TDCC) . XIAMETER and SYL-OFF are trademarks of Dow Silicones Corporation.
[0075] Table 1
[0076] Sample Preparation
[0077] Prepare samples according the to the formulations in Table 2, where values for each component are relative weights. Combine materials A, B and G (if present) with component F and mix to obtain a homogeneous mixture. Add material E and mix to obtain a homogeneous mixture. Add material C and mix to obtain a homogeneous mixture. Add component H, if indicated, and mix to obtain a homogeneous mixture. Finally, add component D and mix to form a homogenous mixture that is the silicone elastomer composition.
[0078] Sample Coating and Curing
[0079] Using a four-sided applicator, coat each silicone elastomer composition sample onto FM-X101 fluoro-silicone release liner from Shenzhen Heyu Technology Co., Ltd. Cure the silicone elastomer composition coating on the release liner by placing the coated release liner into an oven at 70 ℃ for 10 minutes and then heat to 150 ℃ for 10 minutes. Resulting cured silicone elastomer films should be 100 + / -5 micrometer thick.
[0080] Cured Elastomer Characterization
[0081] Characterize the resulting cured elastomer film by the following Shock Absorption Test and Rheology Property Testing methods. Results are included in Table 2.
[0082] Shock Absorption Test
[0083] Laminate the cured silicone elastomer film on release liner onto 35 micrometer thick copper foil and place at 25 ℃ for 20 minutes. Peel off the release liner and keep the copper foil on top while the cured silicone elastomer is on the bottom. Adhere the cured silicone elastomer to a force sensor. The sensor is XET-UOT50AH, type 502F03 with frequency range of 1 Hz-5kHz, and sensitivity of 0.008N from Xiamen Xi'Sthai Technology Co., LTD. Drop a steel ball (14 millimeter diameter and 11.2 gram mass) onto the copper foil side of the laminate from heights of 62 millimeters (mm) and 100 mm and measure the peak force observed with the impact of the ball with the laminate to obtain a Sample Peak Force. Use a total sampling time of 100 milliseconds with sampling interval of 0.5 milliseconds. Measure a Reference Peak Force value for by measuring the peak force achieved by dropping the steel ball onto a sensor without having a cured silicone elastomer laminated to it. Calculate the Shock Absorption value for a sample as follows: Shock Absorption = 100%x [ (Reference Peak Force) - (Sample Peak Force) ] / (Reference Peak Force)
[0084] Rheological Property Testing
[0085] Cut a cured elastomer film into test samples that are 10 mm long, 0.1 mm thick and 5 mm wide. Load a test sample onto a RSA-G2 solids analyzer from TA Instruments with a tension fixture for rheological testing. Under the oscillation mode, heat the sample from -60 ℃ to 100 ℃ with a heating rate of 5 ℃ per minute, under oscillation frequency of 1 Hz and oscillation strain of 0.3%. Select the tan δ value at 25 ℃ from the resulting curve and report that value.
[0086] Results / Discussion
[0087] Each of examples Ex 1-Ex 9 fall within the scope of the presently claimed invention and each serve as silicone elastomer compositions that cure to form a silicone elastomer with a Shock Absorption value of greater than 50%when tested with a 11.2 g ball dropped from both 62 mm and 100 mm, as well as demonstrate a tan δ value that is less than 0.3 at 25 ℃.
[0088] CE A -CE D each demonstrates a composition that lacks component (a) , hydroxyl-functional polyorganosiloxane gum. Each of these comparative examples fail to achieve greater than 50%Shock Absorption value with a 11.2 g ball dropped from 100 mm, and most fail to achieve greater than 50%even when the ball is dropped from 62 mm.
[0089] CE E contains each of the required components, but the wt%of alkenyl groups to total weight of components (a) , (b) and (g) is below the required range of 0.035-1.00. As a result, the cured elastomer has too little crosslinking and demonstrates less than 50%Shock Absorption in the test where the ball is dropped from 100 mm.
[0090] CE F illustrates a silicone pressure sensitive adhesive formulation that contains MQ resin. The composition cures to a PSA that demonstrates less than 50%Shock Absorption in the test where the ball is dropped from 100 mm and demonstrates a tan δ that is much greater than the desired 0.3 at 25 ℃.
Claims
A silicone elastomer composition comprising the following components:(a) hydroxyl-functional polyorganosiloxane gum;(b) pendant alkenyl-functional polyorganosiloxane gum;(c) silylhydride-functional crosslinker containing an average of at least 2 SiH groups per molecule;(d) hydrosilylation catalyst;(e) hydrosilylation inhibitor;(f) solvent;(g) optionally, terminal alkenyl-functional polyorganosiloxane gum that is free of pendant alkenyl groups; and(h) optionally, tetraalkoxysilane;where:(i) the silicone elastomer composition is free of MQ resin;(ii) the weight ratio of components (a) / (b) is in a range of 0.1 to 10;(iii) the mole ratio of (SiH) / (C=C) is in a range of one to 20; and(iv) the weight percent of alkenyl groups relative to total weight of components (a) , (b) and (g) is in a range of 0.035 to 1.00.The silicone elastomer composition of claim 1, wherein the silicone elastomer composition further comprises one or any combination of more than one of: component (g) terminal alkenyl-functional polyorganosiloxane gum; and component (h) tetraalkoxysilane.The silicone elastomer composition of any one previous claim, wherein the hydroxyl-functional polyorganosiloxane gum is selected from one or any combination of more than one component having an average chemical structure (I) :HOR2SiO (R2SiO) dSiR2OH (I)where each R independently in each occurrence refers to an alkyl group having from one to 8 carbon atoms, “HO” and “OH” refer to hydroxyl groups, and subscript d indicates the average number of (R2SiO) groups per molecule and has a value in a range of 2000 to 5000.The silicone elastomer composition of any one previous claim, wherein the pendant alkenyl-functional polyorganosiloxane gum is selected from one or any combination or more than one component having an average chemical structure (II) :R1R2SiO (R2SiO) x (R2RSiO) ySiR2R1 (II)where each “R” independently in each occurrence refers to an alkyl group having from one to 8 carbon atoms ; each “R1” independently in each occurrence refers to an alkyl group having from one to 8 carbon atoms or a terminal alkenyl group having from 2 to 8 carbon atoms; each “R2” independently in each occurrence refers to a terminal alkenyl group having from 2 to 8 carbon atoms; subscript x is the average number of (R2SiO) units per molecule and has a value in a range of 2000 to 10,000; and subscript y is the average number of (R2RSiO) units per molecule and has a value in a range of 5 to 250.The silicone elastomer composition of any one previous claim, wherein the silylhydride-functional crosslinker s selected from one or any combination or more than one component having an average chemical structure (III) :R3SiO (R2SiO) m (HRSiO) nSiR3 (III)where each “R” independently in each occurrence refers to an alkyl group having from one to 8 carbon atoms; subscript m is the average number of (R2SiO) siloxane units per molecule and has a value in a range of zero to 100, and subscript n is the average number of (HRSiO) siloxane units per molecule and has a value in a range of one to 100.The silicone elastomer composition of any one previous claim, wherein each R is a methyl group in each of compositions (I) , (II) and (III) and R1 is independently in each occurrence selected from methyl groups and vinyl groups; and R2 is independently in each occurrence selected from vinyl and hexenyl groups.The silicone elastomer composition of any one previous claim, wherein:the concentration of component (a) is in a range of one to 50 weight-percent;the concentration of component (b) is in a range of one to 50 weight-percent;the concentration of component (c) is in a range of 0.1 to 3.0 weight-percent;the concentration of component (d) is in a range of 0.1 to 1.5 weight-percent;the concentration of component (e) is in a range of 0.001 to 0.20 weight-percent;the concentration of component (f) is in a range of 40 to 80 weight-percent;the concentration of component (g) is in a range of zero to 20 weight-percent; andthe concentration of component (h) is in a range of zero to 5 weight-percent;where weight-percent values are based on combined weight of components (a) through (h) .A process comprising heating a silicone elastomer composition of any one previous claim to cure the silicone elastomer composition to obtain a silicone elastomer composition in a cured state.The process of claim 8, further comprising applying the silicone elastomer composition to a substrate prior to or while heating the silicone elastomer composition.An article comprising the silicone elastomer composition of any one of claims 1-7, where the silicone elastomer composition is optionally in a cured state and at the same time is optionally on a substrate.
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