Solar chimney with a tesla valve

Abstract

Disclosed is a solar thermal turbine arranged at the centre of a chimney with a tangential inlet and provided with a Tesla valve.

Description

[0001] Description

[0002] TITLE: SOLAR FIREPLACE WITH A TESLA VALVE

[0003] Technical field of the invention

[0004] A new Tesla valve geometry, Fig1, increases the efficiency of gas engine cycles Fig9-Fig10, preferentially aerodynamic, making them relevant for applications of solar thermal, wind kinetic, geothermal, and waste heat energy capture, opening the way to synergistic mixed solar, wind, and thermal pure captures.

[0005] Technological background

[0006] The principle of a Fig-2 STTC (Solar Thermal Cyclonic Turbine) developed by the company NST (N. Ugolin 2016), a variant of a thermal tower also called an aerothermal power plant or solar chimney, allows the conversion of solar thermal energy into kinetic energy.

[0007] Unlike wind turbines which harness the translational energy of the wind, the operation of thermal chimneys relies on convective air movements from bottom to top, generated by a temperature gradient.

[0008] Thus, a solar thermal chimney is a type of miniaturized thermal chimney operating on the basis of an aerodynamic cycle powered by solar energy, capable of generating a powerful convective flow followed by a shearing of said flow resulting from a forced fall. The bidirectional kinetic energy of the flow is recovered through a rotor comprising two sets of inverted blades to produce mechanical work.

[0009] A classic STTC Fig2 consists of a tube 6 to 12 m high, with a diameter not exceeding 400 mm, allowing urban use, included in building infrastructure, as street furniture or in a classic industrial installation.

[0010] The operation is based on a thermal pumping of air using solar thermal energy 13 deposited in a high position on a radiator 6. This energy generates a significant acceleration of the flow, capable of setting in motion a special double-flow wheel or rotor comprising two sets of inverted blades 7. The radiation and convection energy is obtained for example by heating the radiator 6 with radiation from a solar concentration, a laser or any other thermal source.

[0011] The rising air circulating in an external chamber 9 passes through a first set of rotor blades 7, the rotation of the rotor driving a fixed shaft.

[0012] At the rotor outlet, the heated air enters a cyclone 11, with a longitudinal inlet, through a set of fixed vanes 12, thus imparting a circular motion to the rising air, so as to form an upward vortex in the cyclone.

[0013] The apex of the conical cyclone forces the backflow of air to form a downward flow. The downward flow then passes through the second set of inverted blades of the twin-flow turbine rotor 7, further increasing the rotation of the shaft.

[0014] The vortex tube heat exchange effect is achieved in part by shearing the rising and falling gas flows in the cyclone.

[0015] Different technological building blocks are assembled to construct a standard model of a STTC.

[0016] Fig3.

[0017] In particular, two critical parts are a radiator in a high position transferring thermal energy to the gas flow circulating in the STTC;

[0018] Fig4-10 and a divergent whose role is to regulate the downward flow in order to amplify the suction effect resulting from the contraction of the cooled flow on the descent.

[0019] Fig4-6

[0020] With the chosen radiator geometry, the gas velocity exhibits a linear dependence on the radiator equilibrium temperature with a slope of -0.05 and a correlation coefficient R of 0.995 between 393.2 K and 793.2 K.

[0021] Fig5

[0022] Above 793.2 K we observe a loss of transfer efficiency, while below 393.2 K the efficiency is maximal.

[0023] The loss of efficiency at high temperatures results from a decrease in the conductivity performance of the material composing the radiator, concomitant with a degradation of the material.

[0024] The kinetic power of the gas as a function of the energy deposited in the gas

[0025] Fig-6 shows a relatively low transfer rate.

[0026] [TAB LE 1]

[0027] Velocities, pressures and temperatures of the gas flows rising and falling downstream of radiator 6 at each temperature of the latter.

[0028] For example, considering only three capture points on the STTC such as:

[0029] • a point at the rise with an optimum calculated capture coefficient (Cp), between 54 and 55% for the external blades of the double-flow impeller, and

[0030] • two additional capture points, corresponding to the descent

[0031] • on the one hand, to the internal part of the double-flow impeller 7, inverted blades and

[0032] • on the other hand, to another simple wheel with inverted blades, attached to the axle at its lower part,

[0033] • the internal part of the double-flow wheel and the second wheel each have a calculated optimum capture coefficient between 33 and 40%,

[0034] It turns out that the cumulative efficiency of mechanical energy extraction is between 5.4% and 2.11% of the thermal energy deposited.

[0035] [TABLE2] Power recovered at each radiator temperature

[0036] This efficiency can increase cumulatively with the addition of additional capture stages, i.e. by introducing more impellers along the axis of rotation.

[0037] These yields, although modest, are still higher than those obtained for most solar chimneys.

[0038] However, in order to be complementary to other renewable energy technologies, particularly to the two major ubiquitous renewable energy capture technologies of photovoltaics and wind power, these yield values ​​must be improved.

[0039] To achieve this, two main technological barriers can be considered:

[0040] • the rate of transfer of energy deposited on the radiator into internal energy over the widest possible range of energy power deposited on the radiator

[0041] • the rate of internal energy transfer into kinetic energy

[0042] Summary of the invention

[0043] The purpose of this invention is to provide a solution to improve these two points

[0044] Furthermore, it appears that the method of extracting kinetic energy from a gas by turbine as carried out by the STTC offers extraction efficiencies of between 33 and 55%, higher than the efficiencies of other methods of extracting kinetic energy by giant propeller wind turbine whose efficiencies are between 20 and 50%.

[0045] Beyond improving the limitations of STTC for capturing thermal energy, this invention proposes a new geometry for capturing translational kinetic energy using STTC to increase capture efficiencies and reduce the size of devices compared to wind-powered devices of the same power.

[0046] The innovation presented in this document makes it possible to further improve the efficiency of the number of Gas Engine cycles by coupling all or part of the invention to existing or conceivable Gas Engine cycles for future applications.

[0047] The present invention relates to a device and a method with both open and closed motor cycles, using at least one gas as a driving force to power an effector such as: a wheel, a turbine, a cylinder, a pneumatic motor, and more generally, an effector using a gas flow to produce mechanical motion. The device comprises a motor cycle circuit including at least one Tesla valve such that at least one Tesla valve includes, in an x,y plane, a main channel extending along a longitudinal axis, with a width between 500p and 5cm, onto which are grafted, in the same x,y plane, loop conduits with a width between 500p and 5cm, said loops being offset from one another along the longitudinal axis, so that in the forward direction from A to B, the flows in the main channel and in the loops are confluent in a Y shape, allowing turbulence-free flow through the valve, while in the reverse direction, from B to A,The flow in the loops and the main channel are confluent in an X shape, forming disturbances and turbulence that slow the flow in the TESLA valve, eventually blocking the flow at the outlet, so that the engine cycle only operates in the direction from A to B of the TESLA valve, characterized in that the TESLA valve is longitudinally asymmetrical and includes a variation in the geometry of the loops at one end.

[0048] The method or device according to the invention may include one or more of the following features:

[0049] - the gas used is an aerodynamic gas such as ambient air, dried air, air with added additive gas such as argon, nitrogen, CO2, in a proportion of 1 to 99% and in certain embodiments a refrigerant gas;

[0050] - the TESLA valve, includes at said end (A) at least one pair of loop conduits called pseudo-symmetric loop, that is to say symmetric with respect to the main channel and translated with respect to each other by an amount less than 3 times, the width of the lumen of the pseudo-symmetric loop conduit, and such that preferably the number of pairs of pseudo-symmetric loops is three, and such that the velocity of the flow in the passing direction A to B is at least 1.2 times greater than the velocity of the flow in the blocking directions B to A for the same velocity of flow entering the TESLA valve;

[0051] - the conduit of the main channel and the loops of the TESALA valve are stretched along the same direction z perpendicular to y the plane in which the loops and the main channel are inscribed, to form valves enlarged in the direction z, but retaining their initial dimensions in the x,y planes where the loops and the main channel are inscribed;

[0052] - the stretching along the z direction can take any form, including circular or grand piano, so as to obtain valves of the shape of the stretching in the z direction, for example a circle shape, a trapezoid shape, while the TESLA valve retains its initial dimensions in the x,y plane where the loops and the main channel are inscribed;

[0053] - several stretched TESLA valves are superimposed to form a superimposed valve front such that the TESLA valves of the valve front are parallel to each other in the x,y plane where the loops and the main channel of each valve are inscribed, said plane h forming a single plane for all the valves;

[0054] - a valve front either decomposed into several segments or quarters such as assembled using walls, the set of segments reconstitutes a continuous valve front;

[0055] - at least one TESLA valve device, both extended and valve front, is included in at least one section of the engine cycle circuit;

[0056] - at least one TESLA valve device, both extended and valve front, is included in at least one cyclonic device, whether at a tangential inlet, a longitudinal inlet, or in a body of the cyclonic device;

[0057] - a cyclone with at least one tangential inlet, but preferably with at least four tangential inlets, is used to capture and redirect a translational wind flow towards an effector in order to produce mechanical motion;

[0058] - at least one TESLA valve device, both extended and valve front, is heated in such a way as to increase the kinetic energy of the fluid passing through the conduits of a TESLA valve;

[0059] - heating of the TESLA valve device, comes from an external energy input, such as solar convection, light rays including laser on the walls of the TESLA valve device, transfer of heat through a heat transfer fluid exchanger, such as air, water, refrigerant gas, liquid sodium potassium, molten salt, the thermal energy transferred can be geothermal, geothermal, waste combustion or nuclear;

[0060] - an STTC turbine is arranged in the center of a tangential inlet cyclone equipped with T2PS valves so that the central flow rising to the center of the cyclone enters the outer tube of the STTC so that the STTC exploits this flow such that transparent devices, without being exhaustive, window, fiber optic, allow the radiator of the STTC to be exposed to radiation, the cyclone including the STTC allowing simultaneously or sequential exploitation of wind energy and solar thermal energy, or any combination of these energies;

[0061] - an STTC turbine is arranged in the center of a tangential inlet cyclone equipped with a T2PS valve so that the central flow rising to the center of the cyclone enters the outer tube of the STTC so that the STTC exploits this flow and such that on the one hand transparent devices, without being exhaustive, window, fiber optic, allow the radiator of the STTC to be exposed to radiation, and on the other hand the STTC includes at least one T2PS valve coupled to at least one exchanger in which a heat transfer fluid circulates, the whole allowing simultaneously or essentially to exploit wind energy, solar thermal energy, a thermal energy of the fatal type, a geothermal, a geothermal, a nuclear or any combination of these energies.

[0062] Brief description of the figures

[0063] [Fig.1] new TESLA valve geometry 1, includes a classic asymmetric part 2 such that in a plane x,y, a main channel extending along a longitudinal axis x, of width between 500 µm and 5 cm, onto which are grafted in the same plane x,y loop conduits of width between 500 µm and 5 cm, said loops being offset from one another along the longitudinal axis, by at least 1 / 2 loop length alternately on either side of the main channel with an offset symmetric pattern, and comprising at end A at least one pair of loops preferably three pairs of loops called pseudo-symmetric loops, such that each loop of the same pair is arranged opposite the other with respect to the main channel and translated relative to the other by a distance less than 3 times the width of the lumen of the conduit of the pseudo-symmetric loops,and such that the pattern of the loops forms a pseudo-symmetry between the two loops of a pair, and such that the pseudo-symmetry includes a slight asymmetry between the patterns of the same pair, and that this asymmetry is diminished between the first pseudo-symmetric loop and the last pseudo-symmetric loop as one goes towards the end A.,

[0064] [Fig. 2]: A conventional STTC (Standard Torque Controlled) turbine comprising a tube 9 with a radiator 6 in its upper position, concentrating energy that accelerates a flow capable of driving a two-stage, two-bladed, two-stage rotor 7, coupled to a fixed shaft 8. At the outlet of the tube 9, a cyclone 11, with a longitudinal inlet formed by a set of fixed vanes 12, imparts a circular motion to the air rising from the tube 9, creating an upward vortex within the cyclone. The apex of the conical cyclone constrains the backflow of air to form a downward flow such that this downward flow passes through the second set of inverted blades of the rotor 7 of the two-stage turbine, further accelerating the rotation of the shaft.

[0065] [Fig. 3] Schematic view of a STTC, including all the technological building blocks of operation

[0066] [Fig.4] presentation of two technological building blocks of the STTC: 4-10 divergent whose role is to regulate the downward flow in order to amplify the suction effect resulting from the contraction of the cooled flow on the descent, 4-6 radiator.

[0067] [Fig. 5] Radiator efficiency Fig. 4: Radiator outlet gas velocity as a function of temperature

[0068] [Fig. 6] Radiator efficiency Fig. 4: Kinetic power of the gas at the radiator outlet as a function of internal energy

[0069] [Fig. 7] Kinetic efficiency of a classic Tesla valve in the forward direction AB, and in the blocking direction BA

[0070] [Fig. 8] Flow efficiency curve of a classic Tesla valve, forward direction AB and blocking direction BA, as a function of the gas injection velocity

[0071] [Fig. 9] Different implementations of a Tesla valve in a gas engine cycle

[0072] [Fig.10] different implementations of a tesla valve in a gas engine cycle, with thermal energy input to the Tesla valve.

[0073] [Fig. 11] Kinetic efficiency of a Tesla T2SP valve in the forward direction AB, and in the blocking direction BA

[0074] [Fig. 12] Comparison of flow efficiency of a T2SP and a conventional Tesla valve, AB open and BA closed, as a function of gas injection velocity. [Fig. 13] Various 3D geometries of a T2SP valve.

[0075] [Fig.14] Concentric cylindrical T2SP decomposed into sectors

[0076] [Fig.15] T2PS valves in front of valves arranged at the tangential inlets 35 of a cyclone or tube, allowing the capture of a translational flow such as wind, through the tangential inlets 35 equipped with collection cones 36

[0077] [Fig.16] capture cones allowing to capture a translational flux in order to transform it into a vortex exploitable for example by a wheel or a turbine.

[0078] [Fig.17] various geometries of capture cones allowing to capture a translational flux whatever its direction in order to transform it into a vortex exploitable for example by a wheel or a turbine.

[0079] [Fig.18] a turbine arranged in the center of a cyclone comprising at least one tangential inlet associated with one of the collection cones equipped with a T2PS valve.

[0080] [Fig.19] Concentric cylindrical T2SP 43, used as a radiator in a T2SP, in some embodiments coupling of the T2SP with a heat exchanger

[0081] [Fig.20] graph comparing performance between a Fig4 type radiator and a T2SP concentric cylindrical radiator.

[0082] [Fig. 21] Variation of the outlet velocity of the flux of a T2SP as a function of the inlet velocity and the thermal energy flux deposited on the T2SP. The addition of energy on the

[0083] T2SP allows for better control of the outlet flow to delay the onset of supersonic or hypersonic flow.

[0084] Detailed description of the invention

[0085] 1) The invention is based on Tesla valve technology such as: patented by Nikola Tesla in 1920, the so-called Tesla valve has the advantage of allowing fluids to flow in one direction A to B while strongly penalizing the reverse direction of flow B to A.

[0086] No mechanical device is required for the operation of the Tesla valve, since the automation relies solely on the ingenious exploitation of fluidic phenomena.

[0087] Fig7

[0088] The tests, carried out with a Tesla valve of classic geometry (VTC), such that the VTC valve comprises a main conduit 17, between 500p and 5cm wide in the x,y plane, and such that loop conduits between 500p and 5cm wide in the x,y plane are grafted onto said main channel, the loop conduits 18 being offset from each other such that:

[0089] • in the direction passing from A to B, the flows in the main channel x and the loops are confluent in the shape of y 19,

[0090] • whereas in the blocking direction B towards A the flows in the loops and the main channel are confluent in the shape of X 20, confirming a laminar flow in the passing direction A towards B without significant acceleration of the outlet fluid. fig 7, A towards B.

[0091] Whereas in the blocking direction B towards A the flow is very slowed down in the main channel by the appearance of turbulence at the junctions X 20, fig 7, B towards A.

[0092] Thus, strong accelerations in the loops shear the flow of the main channel, disturbing the flow rate of the main channel by reducing its output.

[0093] Unfortunately, in the speed ranges tested between 3 and 35 ms -1 of injection flow in the direction A to B or B to A, only very high injection speeds beyond 25 ms -1 , allow us to observe a VTC operating regime for which the flow rate in the direction A to B is significantly greater than the flow rate in the direction B to A.

[0094] Fig 8

[0095] These high flux speeds therefore represent the regime from which the integration of VTC into an engine cycle using a gas as a mechanical fluid could potentially be considered for:

[0096] • either improve the efficiency of the engine cycle by increasing the volumetric flow rate at the VTC outlet, through an increase in flow velocity,

[0097] • either a regulation of the handling of incident fluids arriving via different routes and exhibiting at least one of the following different parameters such as:

[0098] • pressure,

[0099] • speed,

[0100] • temperature such that flows with different parameters can simultaneously drive, without backflow between inlet channels, the same effector, such as a turbine, wheel, motor, or any other effector producing mechanical motion from the kinetic energy of a gas flow. Or a combination of the two preceding functions.

[0101] Fig9, Fig10.

[0102] To increase the performance of a VTC and adapt it to the applications of a gas engine cycle, over a wide range of input flow velocities between 3 ms -1 and 35 ms -1For injection, we designed a new longitudinally asymmetric Tesla valve by introducing a variation in the geometry of the loops in region "A" (Fig. 1), called stop loops (Fig. 1-3). The stop loops include at least one pair of loops called pseudo-symmetric loops (3), that is, loops that are symmetrical with respect to the main channel and translated relative to each other by an amount less than 3 times the width h (4) of the lumen of the pseudo-symmetric loop duct. Furthermore, the shape of the two valves in the same valve pair exhibits a progressively less pronounced asymmetric shape variant from B to A.

[0103] Preferably, the stop loops comprise 3 pairs of pseudosymmetric loops at the beginning of the valve in position A.

[0104] We call this valve T2PS for Tesla Valve Pseudo Symmetric Termination.

[0105] Fig1

[0106] The new geometry, T2PS, was tested under the same conditions as the VTC in both directions (A to B and B to A).

[0107] Figure 11 shows a flow rate difference of a factor greater than or equal to 1.2 for the entire range of injection speeds studied between 3 and 35 ms -1

[0108] Fig 12

[0109] This factor greater than 1.2 between the exit velocities passing from A to B and blocking from B to A, is observed for the same injection velocity in the range of 3 and 35 ms -1 , for all types of gases tested, in particular:

[0110] • dry air

[0111] • humid air (between 70 and 100%)

[0112] • nitrogen,

[0113] • argon,

[0114] • oxygen,

[0115] • helium,

[0116] • hydrogen,

[0117] • water vapor,

[0118] • CO2

[0119] • a mixture of these gases mentioned.

[0120] By extension, the T2PS valve will exhibit the same properties for ideal gases, Newtonian gases, and most real gases or gas mixtures.

[0121] 2) In a particular embodiment, the conduit of the main channel and the loops of the T2PS valve are stretched along the same direction z Fig-1 perpendicular to the y and x plane, the plane in which the loops and the main channel are inscribed, so as to form valves enlarged in the z direction, but retaining their initial dimensions in the x,y direction plane in which the loops and the main channel are inscribed.

[0122] Fig 13-26

[0123] Several stretched T2PS valves can be superimposed to form a superimposed valve front Fig 13-27 such that the T2PS valves of the valve front are parallel to each other in the x,y plane in which the loops and the main channel of each valve are inscribed, said plane forming a single plane for all the valves.

[0124] 3) In a particular embodiment, the stretching along the z direction can take any form, in particular circular or trapezoidal in a 28 grand piano shape, so as to obtain valves of the shape of the stretching in the z direction, in particular a circular shape, a trapezoid, or any other shape allowing them to be integrated into the elements of a motor circuit, while the T2PS valve retains its initial dimensions h in the (x,y) plane in which the loops and the main channel are inscribed.

[0125] 4) In a particular embodiment, the stretching in the (y,z) plane (Fig. 14) is achieved by circular convolution around x. By elongating the valve in a circular shape in the (y,z) dimension, the T2PS retains its initial dimensions in the yz dimensions with respect to x, from which it remains equidistant, through successive convolutions in the y,z dimension where the loops and the main channel are inscribed. The T2PS valve then forms a cylinder 29.

[0126] To create a cylindrical valve, it is possible to break down the different portions of the valve into sections, parts, or quarters (Fig. 14-30), like slices of cake.

[0127] The elements of the T2PS valve are held in place by a plane 31 in the x direction forming one of the faces of the part. The cylinder is reconstituted by juxtaposing the parts 32.

[0128] 5) In a particular embodiment, T2PS valves or valve fronts Fig15-27 are arranged at the tangential inlets 35 of a cyclone or tube, allowing a translational flow such as wind to be captured by the tangential inlets 35 equipped with collection cones 36 to convert it by accelerating it into a vortex Fig-16 which can be exploited by the arrangement of impellers equipped with blades attached to a central axis at the center of the cyclone or tube.

[0129] 6) The T2PS valves arranged regularly with capture cones at the tangential inlets according to for example Fig17-37-38 a central symmetry or a revolution around the cyclone or tube allow to redirect inside the cyclone or tube a translational flow, whatever its direction, to form a descending vortex with an acceleration of the flow speed while avoiding reflux or leakage Fig17-39 from one tangential inlet to the other even for the inlets not exposed.

[0130] Any symmetry or revolution can be exploited (fig17-40)

[0131] It is still possible to use tangential inlet and single capture cone systems without a T2PS valve, provided that said inlet can be oriented by rotating all or part of the cyclone or tube according to the wind direction.

[0132] This latter geometry will be preferred to systems with two collection cones directed in the same direction, and orientable by rotating all or part of the cyclone or tube. These collection cones will be equipped with T2PS valves or valve faces, and one of the collection cones will have a flow direction reversal so that the flows from both cones are injected in the same direction of rotation at the tangential inlets, thus doubling the collection area and improving efficiency without backflow or leakage.

[0133] The system of invention will, for example, be an angled conduit arranged upstream of the tangential inlet of one of the cones, allowing the direction of the flow of the latter to be reversed.

[0134] 7) In a preferred embodiment, an STTC turbine Fig-18-41 is disposed in the center of a cyclone Fig 18-34 comprising at least one tangential inlet associated with one of the collection cones equipped with a T2PS valve.

[0135] The vortex formed by capturing the tangential flow to the cyclone is then converted into a central flow rising to the center of the cyclone, thanks to the cyclone cone.

[0136] The said upward central flow then enters the outer tube of the STTC to be exploited in the same way as a flow entering at the foot of the STTC, possibly undergoing all the thermal treatments and accelerations encountered in the implementation of the STTC and being exploited to produce work through the wheel system of the STTC.

[0137] This geometry allows simultaneously or sequentially the exploitation, using a gas or an aerodynamic fluid, of wind energy and solar thermal energy, with a single system, forming a mixed synergistic solar wind turbine.

[0138] 8) In a particular embodiment, a cylindrical T2PS valve Fig19-43 is disposed in the outer tube of the STTC, so as to channel and accelerate the flow reflected by the lower cone of the cyclone, such that the loss of kinetic energy of the flow resulting from the reflection by the cyclone cone is redirected into an upward central flow, either partially or totally compensated.

[0139] Fig 21-B

[0140] 9) In this embodiment, an air / air or water / air heat exchanger is located at the level of the external wall of the T2SP.

[0141] Fig 19-44

[0142] This allows for heat exchange between the flow passing through the T2PS and the heat exchanger, thus providing heat to the T2PS which will then be transferred to the flow circulating in the T2SP. The heat can come from any source: waste, nuclear, geothermal, or solar geothermal.

[0143] This heat will be transformed into kinetic energy in the flow by the T2PS.

[0144] Indeed, by replacing the standard STTC radiator with a T2PS cylindrical one.

[0145] Fig 19-45 shows that the conversion efficiencies of thermal energy into kinetic energy and pressure, as well as the transfer of thermal energy to the flow, are improved compared to conventional radiators.

[0146] Fig20

[0147] This efficiency allows larger amounts of energy to be transferred without the radiator's construction material melting.

[0148] 10) In a mixed containment mode where the speed of the flow entering TTCP increases by wind capture for example with an STTC equipped with T2SP which receives energy;

[0149] Fig 21-A it appears that the flow velocity increases exponentially as a function of the thermal energy supplied to the radiator and the flow velocity.

[0150] CAPTIONS FOR ALL FIGURES

[0151] 1) Tesla Valve Pseudo-Symmetric Termination: T2PS

[0152] 2) Classic asymmetric loop Tesla valve

[0153] 3) A stop loop comprising at least one pair of pseudo-symmetric loops offset by a maximum of 3 h, where h is the width of the loop channel. In the example, there are 3 pairs of pseudo-symmetric loops.

[0154] 4) width h of the channel opening of a loop

[0155] 5) Head of a STTC (Solar Thermal Cyclonic Turbine)

[0156] 6) radiator

[0157] 7) a special double-flow turbine or rotor comprising two sets of inverted blades

[0158] 8) Axle fixed to the wheel 7

[0159] 9) outside room

[0160] 10) Interior room

[0161] 11) Cyclone, with longitudinal entry

[0162] 12) a set of fixed fins imparting a circular motion to the flow

[0163] 13) Solar thermal energy in the form of radiation

[0164] 14) Interior radiator 6, converging

[0165] 15) Interior radiator 6, divergent

[0166] 16) Interior chamber 10 diverging

[0167] 17) Main Channel

[0168] 18) Asymmetrical loops

[0169] 19) Y junction

[0170] 20) X junction

[0171] 21) flow such that I:

[0172] • dry air

[0173] • humid air (between 70 and 100%)

[0174] • nitrogen,

[0175] • argon,

[0176] • oxygen, • helium,

[0177] • hydrogen,

[0178] • water vapor,

[0179] • CO2

[0180] • CO

[0181] • a mixture of these gases mentioned.

[0182] • generally an aerodynamic gas such as ambient air, dried air, air with added gas such as argon, nitrogen, CO2, in a proportion of 1 to 99% and in some embodiments a refrigerant gas.

[0183] • Injected at a speed Vi into a Tesla type valve (VTC, T2SP) i which can vary from 1 to 1000.

[0184] 22) Tesla type valve such as VTV, T2PS or any other similar type of valve.

[0185] 23) Effectors such as: -wheel, -turbine, -cylinder, -pneumatic motor, and more generally effectors using a gas flow to produce mechanical motion,

[0186] 24) Supply of thermal energy, in the form of solar, geothermal, geothermal, waste, nuclear, electrical, combustion energy

[0187] 25) heat dissipation or storage devices such as radiators, heat storage containers (solid or liquid).

[0188] 26) T2PS extended along the z-axis

[0189] 27) superimposed valve front

[0190] 28) Trapezoidal T2PS in piano shape along the z-axis of a T2PS

[0191] 29) valve, T2PS in cylindrical shape.

[0192] 30) parts, or sections of a T2PS or VTC cylindrical valve

[0193] 31) Face of a T2PS part in the shape of a cylinder

[0194] 32) Cylindrical valve reconstructed by juxtaposition of parts

[0195] 33) tube equipped with lateral tangential inlets and collection cones

[0196] 34) cyclone equipped with lateral tangential inlets and collection cones

[0197] 35) Side entrance

[0198] 36) collection cone

[0199] 37) Cyclone or tube with four tangential inlets (T2PS, 1 exposed inlet) Cyclone or tube with four tangential inlets (T2PS, 2 exposed inlets) Cyclone or tube with four tangential inlets (without T2PS, 1 exposed inlet) Cyclone or tube with eight tangential inlets (T2PS, 2 exposed inlets) STTC) Flow paths and flow velocities) T2PS) Heat exchanger) T2PS radiator

Claims

Demands 1) A motor cycle device using at least one working gas (9) to drive an effector such as: - a wheel, - a turbine, - a cylinder, - a pneumatic motor, and more generally an effector using a gas flow to produce mechanical motion, comprising a motor cycle circuit including at least one Tesla valve such that at least one Tesla valve includes, in an x,y plane, a main channel (17) extending along a longitudinal axis, with a width between 500 µm and 5 cm, onto which are grafted, in the same x,y plane, loop conduits with a width (18) between 500 µm and 5 cm, said loops being offset from one another along the longitudinal axis, so that in a first direction from A to B, the flows in the main channel and in the loops are confluent (19) in a Y shape allowing turbulence-free flow through the valve, while in a second direction, blocking, from B to HAS,The flow in the loops and the main channel are confluent in an X shape (20), forming disturbances and turbulence that slow the flow in the TESLA valve, up to the outlet flow, so that the flow only circulates in the direction passing A to B of the TESLA valve, characterized in that the TESLA valve is longitudinally asymmetric and includes a variation in the geometry of the loops at one end (A). 2) Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the gas used (21) is a gas selected from ambient air, dried air, air with added gas such as argon, nitrogen, CO2, in a proportion of 1 to 99%, and in certain embodiments a refrigerant gas. 3) Device according to any one of claims 1 and 2 characterized in that the TESLA valve comprises at said end (A) at least one pair of loop conduits called pseudo-symmetric loop (3), i.e. symmetric with respect to the main channel and translated in one direction relative to the other by an amount less than 3 times the width of a light in the conduit of the pseudo-symmetric loops, and such that preferably the number of pairs of pseudo-symmetric loops is three, and such that the velocity of the flow in the passing direction A to B is at least 1.2 times greater than the velocity of the flow in the blocking direction B to A (11) for the same velocity of flow entering the TESLA valve. 4) Device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the main conduit and the loops of the TESLA valve, called stretched TESLA valves, are stretched along the same direction z perpendicular to the x,y plane in which the loops and the main channel are inscribed, to form valves enlarged in the direction z, the loops of the TESLA valve retaining their dimensions in the x,y plane in which the loops and the main channel are inscribed. 5) Device according to claim 4, characterized in that the stretching along the direction za produces a shape chosen from a circular or trapezoidal shape, so as to obtain valves of the shape of the stretching in the direction z, for example a circle shape, a trapezoid shape. 6) Device according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that several stretched TESLA valves are superimposed to form a superimposed valve front such that the TESLA valves of the valve front are parallel to each other in the x,y plane in which the loops and the main channel of each valve are inscribed, said plane forming a single plane for all the valves. 7) Device according to claim 6, characterized in that the valve front is decomposed into several segments (30,32) or quarters such as assembled using walls (31), the set of segments reconstitutes a continuous valve front. 8) Device according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that at least one TESLA valve device is included in at least one section of the circuit. 9) Cyclonic device comprising at least one motor cycle device according to claim 6 or 7, the at least one motor cycle device is included in the cyclonic device, both at a tangential inlet, as at a longitudinal inlet, and in a body of the cyclonic device. 10) Cyclonic device according to claim 9, characterized in that it comprises a cyclone with at least one tangential inlet, but preferably with at least four tangential inlets, the cyclone being used to capture and redirect a translational wind flow towards an effector in order to produce a mechanical motion. 11) Device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that it comprises a heating system for at least one TESLA valve device so as to increase the kinetic energy of the fluid passing through the TESLA valve conduits. 12) Device according to claim 11, characterized in that the heating of the TESLA valve device comes from an external energy input, such as by solar convection, light rays including laser on the walls of the TESLA valve device, transfer of heat through a heat transfer fluid exchanger, such as air, water, refrigerant gas, liquid sodium potassium, molten salt, the thermal energy transferred being able to be geothermal, geothermal, waste combustion or nuclear. 13) Device according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that a solar thermal turbine is disposed at the center of a tangential inlet cyclone equipped with TESLA valves such that the central flow rising at the center of the cyclone enters an outer tube (9) of the solar thermal turbine so that the solar thermal turbine exploits this flow such that transparent devices allow a radiator of the solar thermal turbine to be exposed to radiation, the cyclone including the solar thermal turbine allowing simultaneously or sequentially the exploitation of wind energy and solar thermal energy, or any combination of these energies. 4) Device according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that a solar thermal turbine is disposed at the center of a tangential inlet cyclone equipped with a TESLA valve such that the central flow rising at the center of the cyclone enters an external tube of the solar thermal turbine so that the solar thermal turbine exploits this flow and such that, on the one hand, transparent devices allow a radiator of the solar thermal turbine to be exposed to radiation, and on the other hand, the solar thermal turbine includes at least one TESLA valve coupled to at least one heat exchanger (44) in which a heat transfer fluid circulates, the assembly allowing simultaneously or essentially the exploitation of wind energy, solar thermal energy, waste heat energy, geothermal energy, nuclear energy or any combination of these energies.

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