Mobile terminal

Abstract

The present application provides a mobile terminal. The mobile terminal comprises two housings, a rotating shaft mechanism, and an antenna system. The antenna system comprises a satellite positioning radio frequency link, a satellite positioning antenna branch, and a first auxiliary branch. The satellite positioning radio frequency link and the satellite positioning antenna branch are connected through coupling. The satellite positioning antenna branch and the first auxiliary branch are located at the end of one of the housings away from the rotating shaft mechanism. The satellite positioning antenna branch comprises a first ground end and a first open end; the first auxiliary branch comprises a second ground end and a second open end; the first auxiliary branch is located on the side of the first ground end away from the first open end; and the second ground end is closer to the satellite positioning antenna branch than the second open end. When the satellite positioning antenna branch is enabled, a first tunable circuit enables resonant frequency f1 generated by the first auxiliary branch and resonant frequency f0 of the satellite positioning antenna branch to satisfy the condition f1<f0. By using the design scheme of the antenna system, the satellite positioning performance of mobile terminals can be improved.

Description

A mobile terminal

[0001] Cross-references to related applications

[0002] This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202410985911.8, filed on July 22, 2024, entitled "A Mobile Terminal", the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] This application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a mobile terminal. Background Technology

[0004] As foldable terminal product technology matures, users are placing increasingly higher demands on it. Taking the currently popular C-shaped foldable phone as an example, due to its stacked architecture, its satellite positioning function is typically used in the unfolded state. However, with the increasing size of the secondary screen in C-shaped foldable phones, users are also demanding certain improvements in the satellite positioning function when folded. This places higher demands on the performance of the satellite positioning antenna in the folded state. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a foldable mobile terminal to improve the performance of the mobile terminal's satellite positioning antenna, thereby meeting the satellite positioning requirements of the mobile terminal in different folded states.

[0006] In a first aspect, this application provides a mobile terminal. The mobile terminal includes a first housing, a second housing, a pivot mechanism, and an antenna system. The first housing and the second housing are rotatably connected via the pivot mechanism. The antenna system includes a satellite positioning radio frequency link, a satellite positioning antenna stub, and a first auxiliary stub. The satellite positioning radio frequency link is coupled to the satellite positioning antenna stub. The satellite positioning antenna stub and the first auxiliary stub are located at the end of the first housing away from the pivot mechanism. The satellite positioning antenna stub includes a first ground terminal and a first open terminal. The first auxiliary stub includes a second ground terminal and a second open terminal. The first auxiliary stub is located on the side of the first ground terminal away from the first open terminal, and the second ground terminal is closer to the satellite positioning antenna stub than the second open terminal. Furthermore, the first auxiliary stub is provided with a first adjustable circuit. When the satellite positioning antenna stub is enabled, the first adjustable circuit is used to cause the first auxiliary stub to generate a first resonance. The frequency f1 of the first resonance satisfies the condition that f1 < f0 with the resonant frequency f0 of the satellite positioning antenna stub. The antenna system of the mobile terminal provided in this application adopts the above-mentioned design scheme. It can load the resonance generated by the first auxiliary stub onto the satellite positioning antenna stub, so as to achieve current control through stub coupling, thereby generating another mode of resonance on the satellite positioning antenna stub. The purpose of improving the efficiency of the satellite positioning antenna stub is achieved by using mode reconstruction, which is beneficial to improving the performance of the satellite positioning antenna of the mobile terminal in different folding states.

[0007] In this application, the physical length L1 of the satellite positioning antenna stub and the physical length L2 of the first auxiliary stub satisfy the following relationship: (1 / 3)*L1≤L2≤(2 / 3)*L1. This facilitates the adjustment of the resonant frequency generated by the first auxiliary stub according to the resonant mode requirements of the satellite positioning antenna stub, so that the resonance generated by the first auxiliary stub can better improve the efficiency of the satellite positioning antenna stub.

[0008] It is understood that, given that the physical length of the first auxiliary stub meets the aforementioned range, the first adjustable circuit can adjust the operating frequency band of the first auxiliary stub. For example, when the satellite positioning antenna stub is enabled, the frequency difference f01 between the resonant frequency f1 generated by the first auxiliary stub and the resonant frequency f0 of the satellite positioning antenna stub satisfies: 0 ≤ f ≤ 200MHz. This allows the first resonance generated by the first auxiliary stub to be applied to the satellite positioning antenna stub, thereby improving the efficiency of the satellite positioning antenna stub.

[0009] In addition, the first adjustable circuit can be connected to the second open terminal, which allows the first adjustable circuit to adjust the resonant frequency generated by the first auxiliary stub in a wider frequency band, thereby making the adjustment of the resonance of the first auxiliary stub by the first adjustable circuit more flexible.

[0010] In this application, the satellite positioning antenna stub also includes a feed point, through which the satellite positioning radio frequency link is coupled to the satellite positioning antenna stub. The distance 'a' between the feed point and the first open end satisfies: 0 ≤ a < L1, where L1 is the physical length of the satellite positioning antenna stub. This allows the radio frequency chip in the mobile terminal to feed the satellite positioning antenna stub through this feed point, effectively exciting the resonance of the satellite positioning antenna stub.

[0011] It is understood that, in this application, the electrical length of the satellite positioning antenna stub is... It is one-quarter of the dielectric wavelength, where the dielectric wavelength is the dielectric wavelength corresponding to the resonant frequency f0 of the satellite positioning antenna stub.

[0012] In one possible implementation of this application, the antenna system further includes a first antenna stub, at least a portion of which is located at the end of the first housing away from the rotating shaft mechanism. A first auxiliary stub is located between the satellite positioning antenna stub and the first antenna stub. When the satellite positioning antenna stub is not activated and the first antenna stub is activated, a first adjustable circuit is used to cause the first auxiliary stub to generate a second resonance. The frequency f2 of the second resonance satisfies f2 ≥ f01 with the resonant frequency f01 of the first antenna stub. This allows the first auxiliary stub to adjust its matching load according to the resonant mode requirements of the first antenna stub, thereby adjusting the resonant frequency generated by the first auxiliary stub to a post-parasitic position of the resonant frequency of the first antenna stub, thus improving the cellular communication capability of the first antenna stub.

[0013] In practical applications, the frequency f2 of the second resonance satisfies: 1880MHz ≤ f2 ≤ 2800MHz. Thus, based on the resonant frequency generated by the first antenna stub in a specific application scenario, the resonant frequency f2 generated by the first auxiliary stub can be adjusted via the first adjustable circuit, so that the first auxiliary stub can enhance the resonance of the first antenna stub.

[0014] To achieve the reuse of the first auxiliary stub between the satellite positioning antenna stub and the first antenna stub, the distance d between the first grounding terminal O1 of the satellite positioning antenna stub and the second grounding terminal O2 of the first auxiliary stub can satisfy the following relationship with the physical length L1 of the satellite positioning antenna stub: (1 / 3)*L1≤d≤(2 / 3)*L1. This allows the first auxiliary stub to improve the efficiency of either the satellite positioning antenna stub or the first antenna stub through current coupling, while ensuring good isolation between the two. In scenarios where the satellite positioning antenna stub is enabled, even when the efficiency of the first auxiliary stub is improved by reusing it, the first antenna stub can still meet the signal registration and switching requirements of the mobile terminal, effectively improving the utilization rate of the first auxiliary stub.

[0015] In one possible implementation of this application, the antenna system further includes a second auxiliary stub, at least a portion of which is located at the end of the second housing away from the rotating shaft mechanism. Additionally, the second auxiliary stub is provided with a second adjustable circuit. When the mobile terminal is in a closed state, and the satellite positioning antenna stub is enabled, the second adjustable circuit is used to generate a third resonance in the second auxiliary stub. The frequency f3 of the third resonance satisfies the condition f3 > f0 with the resonant frequency f0 of the satellite positioning antenna stub. This allows the second auxiliary stub to adjust its matching load according to the resonant mode requirements of the satellite positioning antenna stub, thereby adjusting the resonant frequency generated by the second auxiliary stub to a post-parasitic position of the resonant frequency of the satellite positioning antenna stub. This utilizes mode reconstruction to improve the efficiency of the satellite positioning antenna stub, which is beneficial for improving the performance of the satellite positioning antenna in the closed state of the mobile terminal, thereby enhancing the user experience of satellite positioning in the closed state of the mobile terminal.

[0016] In one possible implementation of the second auxiliary stub, when the mobile terminal is in a closed state, the projection of the second auxiliary stub overlaps at least partially with the satellite positioning antenna stub in the direction from the first housing to the second housing. This ensures the effectiveness of the resonant load generated by the second auxiliary stub onto the satellite positioning antenna stub.

[0017] To further improve the performance of the satellite positioning antenna, the antenna system also includes a third auxiliary stub. At least a portion of the third auxiliary stub is located at the end of the second housing away from the rotating shaft mechanism, and the third auxiliary stub includes a third open end. The second auxiliary stub includes a fifth open end, which forms a slot with the third open end. Additionally, the third auxiliary stub is equipped with a third adjustable circuit. When the mobile terminal is in a closed state and the satellite positioning antenna stub is enabled, the third adjustable circuit is used to generate a fourth resonance in the third auxiliary stub. The frequency f4 of the fourth resonance satisfies the condition f4 > f3 of the third resonance. This allows the resonances generated by both the third and second auxiliary stubs to be applied to the satellite positioning antenna stub, further improving its efficiency.

[0018] Furthermore, since the resonant frequency f3 of the third resonance satisfies f3 > f0 with the resonant frequency f0 of the satellite positioning antenna stub, the resonant frequency f4 of the fourth resonance satisfies f4 > f0 with the resonant frequency f0 of the satellite positioning antenna stub. Thus, even without applying the resonance generated by the second auxiliary stub to the satellite positioning antenna stub, the performance of the satellite positioning antenna in the closed state can be improved by adjusting the resonant frequency generated by the third auxiliary stub to a post-parasitic position of the resonant frequency of the satellite positioning antenna stub, thereby enhancing the user experience of satellite positioning in the closed state.

[0019] In one possible implementation of this application, the fifth open end is located at the end of the first housing away from the rotating shaft mechanism. When the mobile terminal is in the closed state, the projection of the satellite positioning antenna stub covers the fifth open end in the direction from the first housing to the second housing. This helps to balance the coupling between the second and third auxiliary stubs and the satellite positioning antenna stub, thereby improving the efficiency enhancement effect of the second and third auxiliary stubs on the satellite positioning antenna stub.

[0020] In another possible implementation, the fifth open end is located at the end of the first housing furthest from the pivot mechanism. When the mobile terminal is in the closed state, in the direction from the first housing to the second housing, the projection of the satellite positioning antenna stub is located on the side of the fifth open end closer to the third open end. This also allows the second and third auxiliary stubs to contribute to enhancing the efficiency of the satellite positioning antenna stub.

[0021] In this application, the physical length L3 of the second auxiliary stub and the physical length L1 of the satellite positioning antenna stub can satisfy the following condition: L3 ≥ (1 / 3) * L1. This facilitates the adjustment of the resonant frequency generated by the second auxiliary stub according to the resonant mode requirements of the satellite positioning antenna stub, thereby improving the efficiency of the satellite positioning antenna stub.

[0022] Furthermore, when the third open end is located at the end of the second housing furthest from the rotating shaft mechanism, and the mobile terminal is in a closed state, the projection of the third open end C onto the satellite positioning antenna stub 501 lies between the first open end A and the first grounding end O1. The physical length L4 of the third auxiliary stub and the physical length L1 of the satellite positioning antenna stub satisfy the following condition: (1 / 3)*L1≤L4≤2*L1. This facilitates the adjustment of the resonant frequency generated by the third auxiliary stub according to the resonant mode requirements of the satellite positioning antenna stub, thereby improving the efficiency of the satellite positioning antenna stub.

[0023] Secondly, this application also provides a mobile terminal, which includes a first housing, a second housing, a pivot mechanism, and an antenna system. The first housing and the second housing are rotatably connected via the pivot mechanism. The antenna system includes a satellite positioning antenna radio frequency link, a satellite positioning antenna stub, a first auxiliary stub, and a third auxiliary stub. The satellite positioning antenna radio frequency link is coupled to the satellite positioning antenna stub. The satellite positioning antenna stub is located at the end of the first housing away from the pivot mechanism. At least a portion of the second auxiliary stub is located at the end of the second housing away from the pivot mechanism, and at least a portion of the third auxiliary stub is located at the end of the second housing away from the pivot mechanism. The second auxiliary stub is provided with a second adjustable circuit. When the mobile terminal is in a closed state, and the satellite positioning antenna stub is enabled, the second adjustable circuit is used to cause the second auxiliary stub to generate a third resonance. The frequency f3 of the third resonance satisfies the condition f3 > f0 of the resonant frequency f0 of the satellite positioning antenna stub. In addition, the third auxiliary stub includes a third open end, and the second auxiliary stub includes a fifth open end, with the fifth open end and the third open end forming a slot. The third auxiliary stub is equipped with a third adjustable circuit. When the mobile terminal is in the closed state and the satellite positioning antenna stub is enabled, the third adjustable circuit is used to generate a fourth resonance in the third auxiliary stub. The frequency f4 of the fourth resonance satisfies the condition f4 > f3 of the third resonance. The antenna system of the mobile terminal provided in this application adopts the above design scheme, which allows the second and third auxiliary stubs to adjust their matching load according to the resonance mode requirements of the satellite positioning antenna stub. This adjusts the resonance frequencies generated by the second and third auxiliary stubs to the post-parasitic position of the resonance frequency of the satellite positioning antenna stub, thereby improving the efficiency of the satellite positioning antenna stub through mode reconstruction. This is beneficial to improving the performance of the satellite positioning antenna of the mobile terminal in the closed state, thereby improving the user experience of satellite positioning in the closed state.

[0024] In the specific configuration of the second auxiliary stub, in one possible implementation, when the mobile terminal is in a closed state, the projection of the second auxiliary stub in the direction from the first housing to the second housing at least partially overlaps with the satellite positioning antenna stub. This ensures the effectiveness of the resonant load generated by the second auxiliary stub on the satellite positioning antenna stub.

[0025] In one possible implementation of this application, the fifth open end is located at the end of the first housing away from the rotating shaft mechanism. When the mobile terminal is in the closed state, the projection of the satellite positioning antenna stub covers the fifth open end in the direction from the first housing to the second housing. This helps to balance the coupling between the second and third auxiliary stubs and the satellite positioning antenna stub, thereby improving the efficiency enhancement effect of the second and third auxiliary stubs on the satellite positioning antenna stub.

[0026] In another possible implementation, the fifth open end is located at the end of the first housing furthest from the pivot mechanism. When the mobile terminal is in the closed state, in the direction from the first housing to the second housing, the projection of the satellite positioning antenna stub is located on the side of the fifth open end closer to the third open end. This also allows the second and third auxiliary stubs to contribute to enhancing the efficiency of the satellite positioning antenna stub.

[0027] In this application, the physical length L3 of the second auxiliary stub and the physical length L1 of the satellite positioning antenna stub can satisfy the following condition: L3 ≥ (1 / 3) * L1. This facilitates the adjustment of the resonant frequency generated by the second auxiliary stub according to the resonant mode requirements of the satellite positioning antenna stub, thereby improving the efficiency of the satellite positioning antenna stub.

[0028] Furthermore, when the third open end is located at the end of the second housing furthest from the rotating shaft mechanism, and the mobile terminal is in a closed state, the projection of the third open end C onto the satellite positioning antenna stub 501 lies between the first open end A and the first grounding end O1. The physical length L4 of the third auxiliary stub and the physical length L1 of the satellite positioning antenna stub satisfy the following condition: (1 / 3)*L1≤L4≤2*L1. This facilitates the adjustment of the resonant frequency generated by the third auxiliary stub according to the resonant mode requirements of the satellite positioning antenna stub, thereby improving the efficiency of the satellite positioning antenna stub.

[0029] Additionally, the antenna system may include a first auxiliary stub located at the end of the first housing away from the rotating shaft mechanism. The navigation antenna stub includes a first ground terminal and a first open terminal, while the first auxiliary stub includes a second ground terminal and a second open terminal. The first auxiliary stub is located on the side of the first ground terminal away from the first open terminal, and the second ground terminal is closer to the navigation antenna stub relative to the second open terminal. The first auxiliary stub is equipped with a first adjustable device. When the mobile terminal is in a closed state and the navigation antenna stub is enabled, the first adjustable device is used to generate a first resonance in the first auxiliary stub. The frequency f1 of the first resonance satisfies the condition f1 < f0 with the resonant frequency f0 of the navigation antenna stub. In other words, when the mobile terminal is in a closed state and the navigation antenna is enabled, the resonances generated by the first, second, and third auxiliary stubs can all be applied to the navigation antenna stub, which is beneficial for further improving the performance of the navigation antenna stub, thereby enhancing the navigation user experience of the mobile terminal in a closed state.

[0030] In this application, the physical length L1 of the satellite positioning antenna stub and the physical length L2 of the first auxiliary stub satisfy the following relationship: (1 / 3)*L1≤L2≤(2 / 3)*L1. This facilitates the adjustment of the resonant frequency generated by the first auxiliary stub according to the resonant mode requirements of the satellite positioning antenna stub, so that the resonance generated by the first auxiliary stub can better improve the efficiency of the satellite positioning antenna stub.

[0031] It is understood that, given that the physical length of the first auxiliary stub meets the aforementioned range, the first adjustable circuit can adjust the operating frequency band of the first auxiliary stub. For example, when the satellite positioning antenna stub is enabled, the resonant frequency f generated by the first auxiliary stub satisfies: 1400MHz ≤ f ≤ 2700MHz. Based on this, the first adjustable circuit can be used to make the first auxiliary stub generate the first resonant frequency, thereby improving the efficiency of the satellite positioning antenna stub.

[0032] In addition, the first adjustable circuit can be connected to the second open terminal, which allows the first adjustable circuit to adjust the resonant frequency generated by the first auxiliary stub in a wider frequency band, thereby making the adjustment of the resonance of the first auxiliary stub by the first adjustable circuit more flexible.

[0033] In this application, the satellite positioning antenna stub also includes a feed point. The satellite positioning radio frequency link is coupled to the satellite positioning antenna stub through the feed point. The distance 'a' between the feed point and the first open end satisfies: 0 ≤ a < L1, where L1 is the physical length of the satellite positioning antenna stub. This allows the radio frequency chip in the mobile terminal to feed the satellite positioning antenna stub through the feed point, effectively exciting the resonance of the satellite positioning antenna stub.

[0034] It is understood that, in this application, the electrical length of the satellite positioning antenna stub is... It is one-quarter of the dielectric wavelength, where the dielectric wavelength is the dielectric wavelength corresponding to the resonant frequency f0 of the satellite positioning antenna stub.

[0035] In one possible implementation of this application, the antenna system further includes a first antenna stub, at least a portion of which is located at the end of the first housing away from the rotating shaft mechanism. A first auxiliary stub is located between the satellite positioning antenna stub and the first antenna stub. When the satellite positioning antenna stub is not activated and the first antenna stub is activated, a first adjustable circuit is used to cause the first auxiliary stub to generate a second resonance. The frequency f2 of the second resonance satisfies f2 ≥ f01 with the resonant frequency f01 of the first antenna stub. This allows the first auxiliary stub to adjust its matching load according to the resonant mode requirements of the first antenna stub, thereby adjusting the resonant frequency generated by the first auxiliary stub to a post-parasitic position of the resonant frequency of the first antenna stub, thus improving the cellular communication capability of the first antenna stub.

[0036] In practical applications, the frequency f2 of the second resonance satisfies: 1880MHz ≤ f2 ≤ 2800MHz. Thus, based on the resonant frequency generated by the first antenna stub in a specific application scenario, the resonant frequency f2 generated by the first auxiliary stub can be adjusted via the first adjustable circuit, so that the first auxiliary stub can enhance the resonance of the first antenna stub.

[0037] To achieve the reuse of the first auxiliary stub between the satellite positioning antenna stub and the first antenna stub, the distance d between the first grounding terminal O1 of the satellite positioning antenna stub and the second grounding terminal O2 of the first auxiliary stub can satisfy the following relationship with the physical length L1 of the satellite positioning antenna stub: (1 / 3)*L1≤d≤(2 / 3)*L1. This allows the first auxiliary stub to improve the efficiency of either the satellite positioning antenna stub or the first antenna stub through current coupling, while ensuring good isolation between the two. In scenarios where the satellite positioning antenna stub is enabled, even when the efficiency of the first auxiliary stub is improved by reusing it, the first antenna stub can still meet the signal registration and switching requirements of the mobile terminal, effectively improving the utilization rate of the first auxiliary stub. Attached Figure Description

[0038] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a mobile terminal performing satellite communication according to an embodiment of this application;

[0039] Figure 2a is a schematic diagram of a mobile terminal in a flattened state according to an embodiment of this application;

[0040] Figure 2b is a schematic diagram of the mobile terminal shown in Figure 2a in a closed state;

[0041] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of an antenna system for a mobile terminal provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0042] Figure 4a is a top view of a partial structure at point I of the antenna system shown in Figure 3;

[0043] Figure 4b is an HH cross-sectional view of the structure shown in Figure 4a;

[0044] Figure 4c is a simplified view corresponding to the sectional view shown in Figure 4b;

[0045] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of another structure of the antenna system of the mobile terminal provided in the embodiment of this application;

[0046] Figure 6 shows the S11 curves and radiation efficiency curves of satellite positioning antenna stubs under different scenarios provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0047] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of another structure of the antenna system of the mobile terminal provided in the embodiment of this application;

[0048] Figure 8a shows the radiation efficiency and overall efficiency curves of satellite positioning antenna stubs under different scenarios provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0049] Figure 8b shows the S11 curves of satellite positioning antenna stubs in different scenarios provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0050] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of another structure of the antenna system of the mobile terminal provided in the embodiment of this application;

[0051] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of another structure of the antenna system of the mobile terminal provided in the embodiment of this application;

[0052] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of another structure of the antenna system of the mobile terminal provided in the embodiment of this application;

[0053] Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of another structure of the antenna system of the mobile terminal provided in the embodiment of this application;

[0054] Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of another structure of the antenna system of the mobile terminal provided in the embodiment of this application;

[0055] Figure 14a shows the radiation efficiency and overall efficiency curves of satellite positioning antenna stubs under different scenarios provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0056] Figure 14b shows the S11 curves of satellite positioning antenna stubs in different scenarios provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0057] Figure 15a shows the radiation efficiency and overall efficiency curves of satellite positioning antenna stubs under different scenarios provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0058] Figure 15b shows the S11 curves of satellite positioning antenna stubs in different scenarios provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0059] Reference numerals: 1-First housing; 11-First end; 12-Second end; 13-Third end; 14-Fourth end; 2-Second housing; 21-Fifth end; 22-Sixth end; 23-Seventh end; 24-Eighth end; 3-Rotating shaft mechanism; 4-Sub-screen; 501-Satellite positioning antenna stub; A-First open end; O1-First grounding end; J-Feed point; 502-First auxiliary stub; B-Second open end; O2-Second grounding end; 503-Conductive connecting rib; 504-First antenna stub; 505-Second auxiliary stub; E-Fifth open end; 506-Third auxiliary stub; C-Third open end; D-Fourth open end; 507-Second antenna stub. Detailed Implementation

[0060] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the application will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0061] The terminology used in the following embodiments is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of this application. As used in the specification and appended claims of this application, the singular expressions “a,” “an,” “the,” “the,” and “this” are intended to also include expressions such as “one or more,” unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0062] References to “an embodiment” or “a specific embodiment” as used in this specification mean that one or more embodiments of this application include a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment. The terms “comprising,” “including,” “having,” and variations thereof mean “including, but not limited to,” unless otherwise specifically emphasized.

[0063] To facilitate understanding of the mobile terminal provided in this application embodiment, its application scenario is first introduced below. Referring to Figure 1, Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the mobile terminal provided in this application embodiment performing satellite communication. Satellite communication belongs to non-terrestrial network (NTN) communication and can be used to communicate with mobile terminals. Compared with terrestrial communication, satellite communication can provide a wider coverage area. Especially for areas with few or difficult-to-cover cellular communication base stations, communication satellites can be used for communication. According to the satellite's orbital altitude, satellite communication systems can be divided into the following three types: geostationary earth orbit (GEO) satellite communication systems (also known as synchronous orbit communication satellites), medium earth orbit (MEO) satellite communication systems, and low earth orbit (LEO) satellite communication systems. GEO satellites have an orbital altitude of 35,786 km, and their main advantage is that they can remain relatively stationary relative to the ground and provide a large coverage area. MEO satellites have an orbital altitude between 2,000 and 35,786 km, and their advantage is that global coverage can be achieved with a relatively small number of satellites. Considering the advantages and disadvantages of MEO satellite communication, MEO satellites are currently mainly used for positioning and navigation. LEO satellites have an orbital altitude ranging from 300 to 2000 km. LEO satellites have a lower orbital altitude than MEO and GEO satellites, and have the advantages of lower data transmission delay, lower transmission loss, and relatively lower launch cost.

[0064] The Global Positioning System (GPS) is a high-precision radio navigation positioning system based on communication satellites. Currently, GPS is increasingly used in mobile terminals to achieve navigation functions by communicating with communication satellites through navigation antennas installed in the mobile terminal.

[0065] Currently popular foldable mobile terminals typically also have GPS navigation functionality. Figure 2a is a structural schematic diagram of a mobile terminal provided in an embodiment of this application in a flattened state. As shown in Figure 2a, the mobile terminal may include a first housing 1, a second housing 2, a pivot mechanism 3, and a flexible display screen (not shown in Figure 2a). The first housing 1 and the second housing 2 are rotatably connected via the pivot mechanism 3.

[0066] In this embodiment, the first housing 1 includes four ends: a first end 11, a second end 12, a third end 13, and a fourth end 14. The first end 11 is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft mechanism 3, the second end 12 is the end away from the rotating shaft mechanism 3, and the third end 13 and the fourth end 14 are two side ends located between the first end 11 and the second end 12. Similarly, the second housing 2 includes a fifth end 21, a sixth end 22, a seventh end 23, and an eighth end 24. The fifth end 21 is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft mechanism 3, the sixth end 22 is the end away from the rotating shaft mechanism 3, and the seventh end 23 and the eighth end 24 are two side ends located between the fifth end 21 and the sixth end 22.

[0067] It is understandable that the flexible display screen continuously covers the first housing 1, the pivot mechanism 3, and the second housing 2. Furthermore, in this flattened state, the flexible display screen is fully unfolded, maximizing the display area of ​​the mobile terminal. Therefore, the navigation function of the foldable mobile terminal is typically used in the flattened state.

[0068] However, with the gradual maturation of foldable mobile terminal technology, in order to meet user needs, some foldable mobile terminals currently adopt a dual-display design. This means that in addition to a flexible display screen continuously covering the first housing 1, the hinge mechanism 3, and the second housing 2, it may also include a secondary screen disposed on the side of the first housing 1 or the second housing 2 away from the flexible display screen. For example, as shown in Figure 2b, which is a structural schematic diagram of the mobile terminal shown in Figure 2a in a closed state, a secondary screen 4 is disposed on the side of the first housing 1 away from the flexible display screen. In this application, the specific form of the secondary screen is not limited; it can be either a flexible display screen or a rigid display screen.

[0069] As the size of the secondary screen in foldable mobile devices continues to increase, users have raised certain demands for navigation functionality when the device is folded. However, due to stacking limitations, the performance of the navigation antenna in the folded state of current foldable mobile devices deteriorates significantly due to environmental factors and the influence of other antennas, thus failing to provide a satisfactory navigation user experience.

[0070] In view of this, the mobile terminal provided in this application, based on scene recognition of the folding state of the mobile terminal and the usage of the navigation antenna, improves the performance of the navigation antenna of the mobile terminal in different folding states by tuning the resonance of other antenna stubs, thereby achieving optimal performance of navigation communication in various application scenarios and meeting the needs of a good navigation user experience in various scenarios.

[0071] In this application, the foldable mobile terminal may include, but is not limited to, mobile phones, tablets, laptops, e-book readers, cameras, wearable devices, or home electronic devices. For ease of understanding, in the various embodiments of this application, a mobile phone is used as an example for illustration.

[0072] In this application, the first and second housings can each form an installation space for mounting electronic components of the mobile terminal, such as circuit boards, batteries, receivers, speakers, or cameras. The circuit board can integrate electronic components such as the main controller, storage unit, antenna module, and power management module of the electronic device, while the battery powers the flexible display screen, circuit board, receiver, speaker, and camera. In one possible design, both the first and second housings have installation spaces to distribute the mobile terminal components among them. In another possible design, only one of the first or second housings may have an installation space to centrally distribute the mobile terminal components within that space.

[0073] The aforementioned flexible display screen can be used to display information and provide an interactive interface for users. In various embodiments of this application, the flexible display screen may be, but is not limited to, an organic light-emitting diode (OLED) display screen, an active-matrix organic light-emitting diode (AMOLED) display screen, a mini organic light-emitting diode (MLED) display screen, a micro organic light-emitting diode (MOLED) display screen, a quantum dot light-emitting diode (QLED) display screen, etc. Furthermore, the secondary screen of the mobile terminal can be configured with reference to the aforementioned flexible display screen, and will not be elaborated upon here.

[0074] In addition, for the purpose of understanding this application, the terms that may appear in the embodiments of this application are explained below.

[0075] Since foldable mobile terminals come in various forms during use, such as a folded state, a hovering state, and a flattened state, for ease of description, the angle between the first and second housings is considered to be the first angle.

[0076] Closed state: At this time, the first and second shells of the foldable mobile terminal are completely folded and closed, and the second and third shells are completely folded and closed. Then the first angle is 0° and the second angle is 0°. Alternatively, in some embodiments, the first angle between the first and second shells can also be between 0° and 45°.

[0077] Hovering state: refers to the state in which the first housing and the second housing are unfolded to a certain angle but not fully flattened. For example, in the hovering state, the first angle between the first housing and the second housing can be between 45° and 175°.

[0078] Flattened state: refers to the state in which the first and second shells of the foldable mobile terminal are fully unfolded. For example, in the flattened state, the first angle between the first and second shells can be between 175° and 185°, specifically, the first angle between the first and second shells can be 180°.

[0079] Radiator: In an antenna, this is the device used to receive / transmit electromagnetic wave radiation. In some cases, the term "antenna" is narrowly defined as a radiator, which converts guided wave energy from the transmitter into radio waves, or converts radio waves into guided wave energy, for radiating and receiving radio waves. The modulated high-frequency current energy (or guided wave energy) generated by the transmitter is transmitted to the transmitting radiator via a feed line, where it is converted into electromagnetic wave energy of a specific polarization and radiated in the desired direction. The receiving radiator converts the electromagnetic wave energy of a specific polarization from a specific direction in space back into modulated high-frequency current energy, which is then transmitted to the receiver input via a feed line.

[0080] Ground / Plug: This can broadly refer to at least a portion of any grounding layer, ground plane, or grounding metal layer within a mobile terminal (such as a mobile phone), or at least a portion of any combination of the aforementioned grounding layers, ground planes, or grounding components. "Ground / Plug" can be used for grounding components within the mobile terminal. In one embodiment, "Ground / Plug" may include any one or more of the following: a grounding layer of the mobile terminal's circuit board, a ground plane formed by the mobile terminal's frame, a grounding metal layer formed by a thin metal film beneath the screen, a conductive grounding layer of the battery, and conductive or metallic components electrically connected to the aforementioned grounding layer / ground plane / metal layer. In one embodiment, the circuit board may be a printed circuit board (PCB), such as an 8-layer, 10-layer, or 12-14-layer board with 8, 10, 12, 13, or 14 layers of conductive material, or components separated and electrically insulated by dielectric or insulating layers such as glass fiber or polymers.

[0081] Any of the aforementioned grounding layers, ground planes, or grounding metal layers are made of conductive materials. In one embodiment, the conductive material may be any of the following: copper, aluminum, stainless steel, brass and their alloys, copper foil on an insulating substrate, aluminum foil on an insulating substrate, gold foil on an insulating substrate, silver-plated copper, silver-plated copper foil on an insulating substrate, silver foil on an insulating substrate and tin-plated copper, graphite-impregnated cloth, graphite-coated substrates, copper-plated substrates, brass-plated substrates, and aluminum-plated substrates. Those skilled in the art will understand that grounding layers / ground planes / grounding metal layers may also be made of other conductive materials.

[0082] Radio frequency (RF) chip: This is the combination of all components of an antenna used for receiving and transmitting radio frequency waves. In the case of a receiving antenna, the RF chip can be considered as the antenna section from the first amplifier to the front-end transmitter. In a transmitting antenna, the RF chip can be seen as the section after the last power amplifier. In some cases, the RF chip can also be understood as the feed unit. The RF chip has the function of converting radio waves into electrical signals and sending them to the receiver components. Generally, it is considered part of the antenna system for converting radio waves into electrical signals and vice versa. Maximum power transfer capability and efficiency should be considered when designing an antenna. For this purpose, the antenna feed impedance must be matched with the load resistance. The antenna feed impedance is a combination of resistance, capacitance, and inductance. To ensure maximum power transfer conditions, the two impedances (load resistance and feed impedance) should be matched. Matching can be achieved by considering frequency requirements and antenna design parameters such as gain, directivity, and radiation efficiency.

[0083] A power supply / feed circuit is a combination of all circuits used for receiving and transmitting radio frequency (RF) signals. A power supply circuit can include a transceiver and an RF front-end. In some narrower senses, "power supply circuit" refers to an RF integrated circuit (RFIC), which can be considered to include both the RF front-end chip and the transceiver. The power supply circuit has the function of converting radio waves (e.g., RF signals) into electrical signals (e.g., digital signals). It is generally considered part of the RF component.

[0084] In some embodiments, the electronic device may also include a test socket (or, RF socket or RF test socket). This test socket can be used to insert a coaxial cable to test the characteristics of the RF front-end circuitry or the radiator of the antenna. The RF front-end circuitry can be considered as the circuitry coupled between the test socket and the transceiver.

[0085] In some embodiments, the radio frequency front-end circuit can be integrated into a radio frequency front-end chip in an electronic device, or the radio frequency front-end circuit and the transceiver can be integrated into a radio frequency chip in an electronic device.

[0086] It should be understood that any two feed circuits in the first / second / ...Nth feed circuit of this application can share the same transceiver, for example, by transmitting signals through a radio frequency channel (e.g., a port (pin) of a radio frequency chip) in a transceiver; they can also share a radio frequency front-end circuit, for example, by processing signals through a switch or amplifier in a radio frequency front-end.

[0087] It should also be understood that the two feed circuits in the first / second / ...Nth feed circuit of this application typically correspond to two RF test sockets in an electronic device.

[0088] Feed line: Also called a transmission line, it refers to the connection line between the antenna's radio frequency chip and the radiator. Depending on the frequency and form, the transmission line can directly transmit current waves or electromagnetic waves. The connection point on the radiator where it connects to the transmission line is usually called the feed point. Transmission lines include conductive transmission lines, coaxial transmission lines, waveguides, or microstrip lines, etc. Depending on the implementation, transmission lines can include bracket antenna bodies or glass antenna bodies, etc. Depending on the carrier, transmission lines can be made of liquid crystal polymer (LCP), flexible printed circuit boards (FPC), or printed circuit boards (PCBs), etc.

[0089] Resonant frequency: The resonant frequency is also called the resonance frequency. The resonant frequency can have a frequency range, that is, the frequency range in which resonance occurs. The resonant frequency can be a frequency range where the return loss characteristic is less than -6dB. The point of strongest resonance can be called the resonant point, and the frequency corresponding to the resonant point is the center frequency. The return loss characteristic of the center frequency can be less than -20dB. It should be understood that, unless otherwise specified, when the antenna / radiator in this application generates "first / second...resonance," the first resonance should be the fundamental mode resonance generated by the antenna / radiator, or in other words, the lowest frequency resonance generated by the antenna / radiator. It should be understood that the antenna / radiator can generate one or more antenna modes according to a specific design, and each antenna mode can correspond to a fundamental mode resonance.

[0090] Resonant frequency band: The range of resonant frequencies is the resonant frequency band. The return loss characteristics at any frequency point within the resonant frequency band can be less than -6dB or -5dB.

[0091] Communication / Operating Frequency Band: Regardless of the type of antenna, it always operates within a certain frequency range (bandwidth). For example, an antenna supporting the B40 band operates within the frequency range of 2300MHz to 2400MHz, or in other words, its operating frequency band includes the B40 band. The frequency range that meets the specifications can be considered the antenna's operating frequency band. The width of the operating frequency band is called the operating bandwidth. The operating bandwidth of an omnidirectional antenna may reach 3%-5% of the center frequency. The operating bandwidth of a directional antenna may reach 5%-10% of the center frequency. Bandwidth can be considered as a frequency range on both sides of the center frequency (e.g., the resonant frequency of a dipole), where the antenna characteristics are within the acceptable range of the center frequency.

[0092] The resonant frequency band and the operating frequency band may be the same or different, or their frequency ranges may partially overlap. In one embodiment, one or more resonant frequency bands of the antenna may cover one or more operating frequency bands of the antenna.

[0093] Medium wavelength: refers to the wavelength of electromagnetic waves propagating in a medium at the operating frequency band. For example, if the operating frequency band is [f1, f2], the corresponding medium wavelength is also the range [w1, w2]. Alternatively, to simplify calculations, the above-mentioned medium wavelength can also refer to the wavelength of electromagnetic waves propagating in the medium at the center frequency f0 of the operating frequency band. In this case, the medium wavelength is a specific value w0.

[0094] Antenna return loss: This can be understood as the ratio of the signal power reflected back to the antenna port after passing through the antenna circuit to the transmit power at the antenna port. The smaller the reflected signal, the larger the signal radiated into space through the antenna, and the higher the antenna's radiation efficiency. Conversely, the larger the reflected signal, the smaller the signal radiated into space through the antenna, and the lower the antenna's radiation efficiency.

[0095] Antenna return loss can be represented by the S11 parameter, which is one of the S-parameters. S11 represents the reflection coefficient, and this parameter characterizes the antenna's transmission efficiency.

[0096] In one embodiment, the S11 diagram can be understood as a schematic diagram representing the resonance generated by the antenna. In one embodiment, the resonance shown in the S11 diagram within the range of -6dB can be understood as the resonant frequency / frequency range / operating frequency band generated by the antenna. The S11 parameter is usually negative. The smaller the S11 parameter, the smaller the antenna return loss, the less energy reflected back by the antenna itself, which means more energy actually enters the antenna, and the higher the antenna radiation efficiency; the larger the S11 parameter, the greater the antenna return loss, and the lower the antenna radiation efficiency.

[0097] It should be noted that in engineering, an S11 value of -6dB is generally used as the standard. When the S11 value of an antenna is less than -6dB, the antenna can be considered to be working normally, or the antenna can be considered to have good transmission efficiency.

[0098] Antenna radiation pattern: also known as radiation pattern. It refers to the graph showing how the relative field strength (normalized modulus) of the antenna's radiated field changes with direction at a certain distance from the antenna. It is usually represented by two mutually perpendicular planar radiation patterns passing through the direction of maximum radiation of the antenna.

[0099] Antenna radiation patterns typically have multiple radiating beams. The beam with the highest radiating intensity is called the main lobe, and the remaining beams are called side lobes. Among the side lobes, the side lobe in the opposite direction to the main lobe is also called the back lobe.

[0100] Radiation efficiency refers to the ratio of the power radiated by an antenna into space (i.e., the power effectively converted into electromagnetic waves) to the active power input to the antenna. The active power input to the antenna equals the antenna's input power minus the power loss. Power loss mainly includes return loss power, ohmic loss power of the metal, and / or dielectric loss power. Both metal loss and dielectric loss are factors affecting radiation efficiency.

[0101] Those skilled in the art will understand that radiation efficiency is generally expressed as a percentage, and there is a corresponding conversion relationship between it and dB. The closer the radiation efficiency is to 0 dB, the better the radiation efficiency of the antenna.

[0102] dB: This stands for decibel, a logarithmic concept with base 10. Decibels are used to evaluate the proportional relationship between two physical quantities; they themselves have no physical dimensions. For every 10-fold increase in the ratio between two quantities, their difference can be expressed as 10 decibels. For example: A = 100, B = 10, C = 5, D = 1, then A / D = 20 dB; B / D = 10 dB; C / D = 7 dB; B / C = 3 dB. In other words, a 10-decibel difference between two quantities is a 10-fold difference, a 20-decibel difference is a 100-fold difference, and so on. A 3-decibel difference is a 2-fold difference between the two quantities.

[0103] The term "end" in the context of the main radiator's first / second / third / fourth / grounding / open end should not be narrowly interpreted as an endpoint or end point physically disconnected from other radiators. It can also refer to a segment of the main radiator including the first endpoint, which is the endpoint of the main radiator at the gap. For example, the first end of the main radiator can be considered a segment of the main radiator within a range of one-eighth of a first wavelength from the first endpoint. The first wavelength can be the wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency band of the main radiator, the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the operating frequency band, or the wavelength corresponding to the resonant point. In one embodiment, "end / point" can include a connection / coupling region on the radiator that is coupled to other conductive structures. For example, a feed end / feed point can be a coupling region on the radiator that is coupled to a feed structure (e.g., a region facing a part of the feed structure). Similarly, a grounding end / grounding point can be a connection / coupling region on the radiator that is coupled to a grounding structure.

[0104] Open and Closed Terminals: In some embodiments, open and closed terminals are defined relative to whether or not they are grounded; the closed terminal is grounded, and the open terminal is not grounded. In one embodiment, the open terminal may also be referred to as a floating terminal, a free terminal, an open terminal, or an open-circuit terminal. In one embodiment, the closed terminal may also be referred to as a grounded terminal or a short-circuit terminal. It should be understood that in some embodiments, other conductors can be coupled through the open terminal to transfer coupled energy (which can be understood as transferring current).

[0105] In some embodiments, the open end and the closed end are, for example, relative to other conductors, with the closed end electrically connected to other conductors and the open end not electrically connected to other conductors.

[0106] To put it simply, the "open end" of a radiator can be defined as one end of the radiator that is spaced apart from the floor or coupled to the floor through a capacitive device.

[0107] To put it simply, the "grounding terminal" of a radiator can be understood as: if one end of the radiator is directly connected to the floor or coupled to the floor through an inductive device, it can be regarded as the grounding terminal of the radiator.

[0108] In some embodiments, the understanding of "closed end" can also be from the perspective of current distribution. A closed end or ground end can be understood as a point of high current or low electric field on a radiator. In one embodiment, coupling electronic devices (e.g., inductive devices) through a closed end can maintain the current distribution characteristics of the point of high current / low electric field. In one embodiment, opening a gap at or near the closed end (e.g., filling the gap with insulating material) can maintain the current distribution characteristics of the point of high current / low electric field.

[0109] In some embodiments, the understanding of "open terminal" can also be from the perspective of current distribution. An open terminal or a floating terminal can be understood as a point with a small current or a point with a large electric field on the radiator. In one embodiment, coupling electronic devices (e.g., capacitive devices) through an open terminal can maintain the current distribution characteristics of the point with a small current or a large electric field.

[0110] It should be understood that when an electronic device (e.g., capacitor, inductor, etc.) is coupled at the radiator end of a gap (which, from the perspective of the radiator's structure, resembles a radiator at the opening of an open or suspended end), the radiator end can be a point with a large current / small electric field. In this case, it should be understood that the radiator end at the gap is actually a closed end or a grounded end, etc.

[0111] Capacitance: can be understood as lumped capacitance and / or distributed capacitance. Lumped capacitance includes capacitive components, such as capacitor elements; distributed capacitance (or distributed capacitance) includes the equivalent capacitance formed by two conductive components separated by a certain gap.

[0112] Electrical length: Electrical length can be expressed as the ratio of physical length (i.e., mechanical length or geometric length) multiplied by the time it takes for an electrical or electromagnetic signal to travel in a medium to the time required for that signal to travel a distance in free space equal to the physical length of the medium. Electrical length can be expressed by the following formula:

[0113] Where L is the physical length, a is the transmission time of the electrical or electromagnetic signal in the medium, and b is the transmission time in free space.

[0114] Alternatively, electrical length can also refer to the ratio of physical length (i.e., mechanical length or geometric length) to the wavelength of the transmitted electromagnetic wave, and electrical length can satisfy the following formula:

[0115] Where L is the physical length and λ is the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave.

[0116] In some embodiments of this application, the physical length of the radiator can be understood as within ±20% of the electrical length of the radiator, for example, within ±10% or within ±5%.

[0117] In the embodiments of this application, the wavelength in a certain wavelength mode of the antenna (such as half-wavelength mode, etc.) can refer to the wavelength of the signal radiated by the antenna. It should be understood that the wavelength of the radiated signal in air can be calculated as follows: Wavelength = Speed ​​of light / Frequency, where the frequency is the frequency of the radiated signal. The wavelength of the radiated signal in a medium can be calculated as follows: Where ε is the relative permittivity of the medium, and the frequency is the frequency of the radiated signal.

[0118] Coupling: In this application, it can be understood as indirect coupling, and "coupled connection" can be understood as indirect coupling connection. "Indirect coupling" can be understood as two conductors conducting electricity through a gap / non-contact manner. In one embodiment, indirect coupling can also be called capacitive coupling, for example, signal transmission is achieved by forming an equivalent capacitance through coupling between the gaps between two conductive parts.

[0119] The limitations mentioned in the embodiments of this application, such as symmetry (e.g., axial symmetry, or central symmetry), parallelism, perpendicularity, and similarity (e.g., same length, same width, etc.), are all relative to the current technological level, and not absolute and strict mathematical definitions. There can be a predetermined angular deviation between two mutually parallel or perpendicular structures. In one embodiment, the predetermined threshold can be less than or equal to a threshold of 1 mm, for example, the predetermined threshold can be 0.5 mm or 0.1 mm. In one embodiment, the predetermined angle can be an angle within the range of ±10°, for example, the predetermined angle deviation is ±5°.

[0120] It is worth noting that in the embodiments of this application, "perpendicular" means that there can be a predetermined angle deviation between the two. For example, the predetermined angle can be 85°, 86°, 87°, 88°, 89°, 90°, 91°, 92°, 93°, 94° or 95°, etc.

[0121] It is worth noting that in the embodiments of this application, "parallel" means that there can be a predetermined angular deviation between the two. For example, the predetermined angle can be 0°, 0.5°, 1°, 1.5°, 2°, 3°, 4°, 4.5°, or 5°, etc.

[0122] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0123] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of an antenna system for a mobile terminal provided in an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 3, in this embodiment of the application, the mobile terminal includes a first housing 1, a second housing 2, a rotating shaft mechanism 3, and an antenna system. The first housing 1 and the second housing 2 are respectively disposed on both sides of the rotating shaft mechanism 3, and the first housing 1 and the second housing 2 are rotatably connected through the rotating shaft mechanism 3.

[0124] The antenna system includes a satellite positioning antenna radio frequency link (not shown in Figure 3), a satellite positioning antenna stub 501, and a first auxiliary stub 502. The satellite positioning antenna radio frequency link is coupled to the satellite positioning antenna stub 501. The satellite positioning antenna stub 501 is located at the end of the first housing 1 away from the rotating shaft mechanism 3, which facilitates the communication between the satellite positioning antenna stub 501 and the outside world, thereby facilitating communication between the satellite positioning antenna stub 501 and the communication satellite.

[0125] It is worth mentioning that, in this application, satellite positioning may include navigation positioning via GPS as described above, in which case the satellite positioning antenna can be understood as a navigation antenna. Furthermore, this application does not limit the specific location of the satellite positioning antenna radio frequency link; it can be exemplaryly located on a circuit board within the mobile terminal.

[0126] Referring to Figure 4a, which is a top view of a partial structure at point I of the antenna system shown in Figure 3, and Figure 4b, which is a cross-sectional view (HH) of the structure shown in Figure 4a, the satellite positioning antenna stub 501 in this application includes a first open end A and a first ground end O1. It is understood that the portion of the first housing 1 corresponding to the first open end A may have a slit. Furthermore, the first ground end O1 can be connected to the floor in the mobile terminal via a conductive connecting rib 503, or the first ground end O1 can be coupled to the floor in the mobile terminal; that is, in this application, the specific grounding method of the first ground end O1 is not limited.

[0127] Referring again to Figures 3 and 4b, the first auxiliary branch 502 is also located at the end of the first housing 1 away from the rotating shaft mechanism 3. The first auxiliary branch 502 includes a second open end B and a second grounding end O2. In this application, the portion of the first housing 1 corresponding to the second open end B may have a slit. The second grounding end O2 can be connected to the floor in the mobile terminal through the conductive connecting rib 503, or the second grounding end O2 can be coupled to the floor in the mobile terminal. Therefore, in this application, the specific grounding method of the second grounding end O2 is not limited.

[0128] As shown in Figure 4b, the first auxiliary branch 502 is arranged adjacent to the satellite positioning antenna branch 501, and the first auxiliary branch 502 is located on the side of the first grounding terminal O1 away from the first open terminal A, while the second grounding terminal O2 is closer to the first auxiliary branch 502 relative to the second open terminal B. In one possible embodiment, the first grounding terminal O1 and the second grounding terminal O2 are arranged opposite to each other.

[0129] In this application, the specific placement positions of the satellite positioning antenna stub 501 and the first antenna stub 504 on the first housing 1 are not limited. For example, in one possible embodiment, the first open end A of the satellite positioning antenna stub 501 and the second open end B of the first auxiliary stub 502 are symmetrical with respect to the axial dimension of the first housing 1 along the rotating shaft mechanism 3, which is beneficial to improving the design aesthetics of the mobile terminal.

[0130] It is worth mentioning that, as shown in Figure 4c, which is a simplified view corresponding to the cross-sectional view shown in Figure 4b, the first ground terminal O1 and the second ground terminal O2 can be connected to the ground plane through the same conductive rib 503 to improve the integration of the antenna system and simplify its structure. In some other possible embodiments, such as the antenna system shown in Figure 5, the first ground terminal O1 and the second ground terminal O2 can also be arranged at intervals, and the first ground terminal O1 and the second ground terminal O2 can be connected to the ground plane through conductive ribs or other conductive structures to improve the design flexibility of the antenna system.

[0131] Furthermore, considering that in practical applications, the casing of a mobile terminal includes a frame that is circumferentially arranged around the perimeter of the casing, the frame, primarily composed of conductive material, can be referred to as the conductive frame or metal frame of the mobile terminal, suitable for industrial design (ID) with a metallic appearance. In one implementation, the outer surface of the frame is primarily made of conductive material, such as metal, thus forming the appearance of a metal frame. In these implementations, the conductive portion of the frame, including its outer surface, can be used as an antenna radiator for the mobile terminal and is commonly referred to as a frame antenna.

[0132] In another implementation, the outer surface of the frame is primarily made of a non-conductive material, such as plastic, forming a non-metallic frame appearance suitable for non-metallic IDs. In another implementation, the inner surface of the frame may include a conductive material, such as a metal. In this implementation, the conductive portion of the inner surface of the frame can be used as an antenna radiator for the mobile terminal. It should be understood that the radiator (or the conductive material of the inner surface) disposed on the inner surface of the frame can be positioned close to the non-conductive material of the frame to minimize the volume occupied by the radiator and to be closer to the outside of the mobile terminal, achieving better signal transmission performance; this can also be referred to as a frame antenna. It should be noted that "the antenna radiator is positioned close to the non-conductive material of the frame" means that the antenna radiator can be tightly attached to the inner surface of the non-conductive material, embedded within the non-conductive material, or positioned close to the inner surface of the non-conductive material; for example, there can be a small gap between the antenna radiator and the inner surface of the non-conductive material. It should be understood that both the conductive and non-conductive materials can be considered part of the frame.

[0133] Based on this, in the mobile terminal provided in this application, both the satellite positioning antenna stub 501 and the first auxiliary stub 502 can be disposed on the side of the frame of the first housing 1 away from the rotating shaft mechanism 3. Specifically, the satellite positioning antenna stub 501 can be a conductive material layer formed on the inner or outer surface of the side of the frame of the first housing 1 away from the rotating shaft mechanism 3. In addition, the first auxiliary stub 502 can also be a conductive material layer formed on the inner or outer surface of the side of the frame of the first housing 1 away from the rotating shaft mechanism 3. This is beneficial to improving the integration of the mobile terminal, thereby realizing the miniaturization design of the mobile terminal.

[0134] In this embodiment, the first auxiliary stub 502 is provided with a first adjustable circuit (not shown in Figures 4c and 5), which is used to tune the resonant frequency generated by the first auxiliary stub 502. For example, when the mobile terminal is in the flattened state shown in Figure 3, and the satellite positioning antenna stub 501 is enabled, the first adjustable circuit is used to cause the first auxiliary stub 502 to generate a first resonance, wherein the frequency f1 of the first resonance satisfies the condition f1 < f0 with the resonant frequency f0 generated by the satellite positioning antenna stub 501.

[0135] In other words, when the mobile terminal is in a flattened state, and the scene detection system identifies that the satellite positioning antenna stub 501 is enabled, the system can adjust the working state of the first adjustable circuit so that the first auxiliary stub 502 adjusts its matching load according to the resonance mode requirements of the satellite positioning antenna stub 501, thereby adjusting the resonance frequency generated by the first auxiliary stub 502 to the front end of the resonance frequency of the satellite positioning antenna stub 501.

[0136] It is worth mentioning that, in this application, the enabled state of the satellite positioning antenna stub 501 refers to the working state of the satellite positioning antenna stub 501 when transmitting and receiving signals.

[0137] Figure 6 shows the S11 curves and radiation efficiency curves of the satellite positioning antenna stub under different scenarios provided in the embodiments of this application. In Figure 6, scenario 0 represents the scenario where the mobile terminal is in a flattened state, the satellite positioning antenna stub 501 is in an enabled state, but the resonance generated by the first auxiliary stub 502 is not applied to the satellite positioning antenna stub 501; scenario 1 represents the scenario where the mobile terminal is in a flattened state, the satellite positioning antenna stub 501 is in an enabled state, and the resonance generated by the first auxiliary stub 502 is applied to the satellite positioning antenna stub 501.

[0138] Additionally, referring to Table 1, which shows a comparison of the efficiency of satellite positioning antennas in scenarios 0 and 1, as well as the efficiency of satellite positioning antennas in the upper hemisphere.

[0139] Table 1

[0140] As can be seen from the comparative analysis in Table 1 above, when the mobile terminal is in a flattened state, by applying the resonance generated by the first auxiliary stub 502 to the satellite positioning antenna stub 501, the efficiency of the satellite positioning antenna stub 501 and the efficiency of the upper hemisphere of the satellite positioning antenna stub 501 can be improved by about 9%.

[0141] This is because the current operating resonance of the satellite positioning antenna stub 501 is basically a single operating resonance, meaning that the satellite positioning antenna stub 501 can generate resonance at a single frequency (1575MHz). Based on this, by applying the resonance generated by the first auxiliary stub 502 to the satellite positioning antenna stub 501, current control is achieved through stub coupling, thereby generating another mode of resonance on the satellite positioning antenna stub 501 as shown in Figure 6. This allows for mode reconstruction to improve the efficiency of the satellite positioning antenna stub 501 in independent scenarios.

[0142] Referring again to Figures 4c and 5, the satellite positioning antenna stub 501 may include a feed point J. The satellite positioning antenna RF link in the mobile terminal can be coupled to the satellite positioning antenna stub 501 through the feed point J, so that the satellite positioning antenna RF link feeds the satellite positioning antenna stub 501 through the feed point J, thereby causing the satellite positioning antenna stub 501 to generate a corresponding resonant frequency. In this application, the specific location of the feed point J of the satellite positioning antenna stub 501 is not limited. For example, the distance a between the feed point J and the first open end A can satisfy: 0 ≤ a < L1, where L1 is the physical length of the satellite positioning antenna stub 501.

[0143] In practical applications, the distance *a* between the feed point J and the first open terminal A can also satisfy: 0 ≤ *a* < (1 / 4) * L1. This can more effectively excite the resonance of the satellite positioning antenna stub 501, thereby increasing the electrical length of the satellite positioning antenna stub 501. It is one-quarter of the dielectric wavelength, where the dielectric wavelength is the dielectric wavelength corresponding to the resonant frequency f0 of the satellite positioning antenna stub 501.

[0144] Referring again to Figures 4c and 5, in this embodiment, the physical length L1 of the satellite positioning antenna stub 501 and the physical length L2 of the first auxiliary stub 502 can satisfy (1 / 3)*L1≤L2≤(2 / 3)*L1. For example, L2=(2 / 5)*L1 or L2=(1 / 2)*L1, etc. In practical applications, the physical length L1 of the satellite positioning antenna stub 501 and the physical length L2 of the first auxiliary stub 502 can be adjusted according to the actual size of the mobile terminal. For example, in a specific embodiment, L1=16mm and L2=11mm.

[0145] In this application, by ensuring that the physical length L1 of the satellite positioning antenna stub 501 and the physical length L2 of the first auxiliary stub 502 satisfy the above-mentioned proportional relationship, it is convenient to adjust the resonant frequency generated by the first auxiliary stub 502 according to the resonant mode requirements of the satellite positioning antenna stub 501.

[0146] It is understood that in this application, the specific configuration of the first adjustable circuit can be adjusted so that the first auxiliary stub 502 can generate resonance in the corresponding frequency band under the action of the first adjustable circuit. For example, in one possible embodiment, the first adjustable circuit can be connected to the second open terminal B of the first auxiliary stub 502. This allows the first adjustable circuit to adjust the resonant frequency generated by the first auxiliary stub 502 within a wider frequency band, thus making the adjustment of the resonance of the first auxiliary stub 502 by the first adjustable circuit more flexible.

[0147] In practical applications, the resonant frequency f generated by the first auxiliary stub 502 under the action of the first adjustable circuit satisfies: 1400MHz ≤ f ≤ 2700MHz. Furthermore, when the satellite positioning antenna stub 501 is enabled, the frequency difference f01 between the first resonant frequency f1 generated by the first auxiliary stub 502 and the resonant frequency f0 of the satellite positioning antenna stub 501 can satisfy: 0 ≤ f01 ≤ 200MHz. For example, f01 = 100MHz or f01 = 150MHz, etc., so that the first resonance generated by the first auxiliary stub 502 can be applied to the satellite positioning antenna stub 501, thereby improving the efficiency of the satellite positioning antenna stub 501.

[0148] Since the satellite positioning antenna stub 501 can generate a resonance at a frequency of 1575MHz, in order to achieve a better efficiency improvement when the resonance generated by the first auxiliary stub 502 is applied to the satellite positioning antenna stub 501, in one possible embodiment, the frequency f1 of the first resonance generated by the first auxiliary stub 502 can be adjusted to 1480MHz≤f1≤1510MHz via a first adjustable circuit. This allows the first auxiliary stub 502 to strengthen the resonance of the satellite positioning antenna stub 501 while also ensuring resonance consistency during mass production.

[0149] Since a cellular antenna is typically used as an auxiliary positioning system when the satellite positioning antenna stub 501 is enabled, referring to Figures 4c and 5, the antenna system also includes a first antenna stub 504. At least a portion of the first antenna stub 504 is located at the end of the first housing 1 away from the rotating shaft mechanism 3, and a first auxiliary stub 502 is located between the satellite positioning antenna stub 501 and the first antenna stub 504. In practical applications, the first antenna stub 504 can also be disposed on the frame of the first housing 1.

[0150] In this application, the first auxiliary branch 502 can also be used as a parasitic branch of the first antenna branch 504. In specific implementation, when the mobile terminal is in the flattened state as shown in Figure 3, when the satellite positioning antenna branch 501 is not enabled and the first antenna branch 504 is enabled, the first adjustable circuit is used to make the first auxiliary branch 502 generate a second resonance. The frequency f2 of the second resonance satisfies the following relationship with the resonant frequency f01 of the first antenna branch 504: f2≥f01.

[0151] In other words, when the mobile terminal is in a flat state, if the scene detection system identifies that the satellite positioning antenna 501 is not enabled and the first antenna stub 504 is enabled, the system can adjust the working state of the first adjustable circuit so that the first auxiliary stub 502 adjusts its matching load according to the resonance mode requirements of the first antenna stub 504, thereby adjusting the resonance frequency generated by the first auxiliary stub 502 to the post-parasitic position of the resonance frequency of the first antenna stub 504, thereby improving the cellular communication capability of the first antenna stub 504.

[0152] In this application, the specific type of the first antenna stub 504 is not limited, but it can exemplarily operate in the mid-to-high frequency band of 1805MHz to 2690MHz. In practical applications, when the satellite positioning antenna stub 501 is not activated and the first antenna stub 504 is activated, the resonant frequency f2 generated by the first auxiliary stub 502 under the action of the first adjustable circuit satisfies: 1880MHz ≤ f2 ≤ 2800MHz. Thus, according to the resonant frequency generated by the first antenna stub 504 in a specific application scenario, the resonant frequency f2 generated by the first auxiliary stub 502 can be adjusted through the first adjustable circuit to enhance the resonance of the first antenna stub 504.

[0153] In other possible embodiments, the first antenna stub 504 may also operate in a low-frequency band, for example, 600MHz to 1GHz. In this scenario, the first auxiliary stub 502 can also be adjusted to match its loading according to the resonant mode requirements of the first antenna stub 504, thereby adjusting the resonant frequency generated by the first auxiliary stub 502 to a post-parasitic position of the resonant frequency of the first antenna stub 504, thereby improving the cellular communication capability of the first antenna stub 504.

[0154] It is understood that in this application, the second open terminal B of the first auxiliary branch 502 may also be provided with a pin, which can be used to connect with the control circuit in the mobile terminal to switch the working state of the first adjustable circuit according to the usage requirements of different application scenarios, thereby realizing the switching of the resonance mode of the first auxiliary branch 502.

[0155] As can be seen from the above introduction, the antenna system design provided in this application can switch the resonant mode of the first auxiliary stub 502 through the first adjustable circuit according to the usage requirements of different scenarios, so as to realize the reuse of the first auxiliary stub 502 between the satellite positioning antenna stub 501 and the first antenna stub 504, which is conducive to improving the utilization rate of the first auxiliary stub 502.

[0156] Referring again to Figures 4c and 5, in this embodiment, the distance d between the first grounding terminal O1 of the satellite positioning antenna stub 501 and the second grounding terminal O2 of the first auxiliary stub 502 satisfies the following relationship with the physical length L1 of the satellite positioning antenna stub 501: (1 / 3)*L1 ≤ d ≤ (2 / 3)*L1. For example, d = (2 / 5)*L1 or d = (1 / 2)*L1, etc. In practical applications, the distance d can be designed according to the specific size of the mobile terminal; for example, in a specific embodiment, d = 10mm.

[0157] In this application, by taking the distance d between the first ground terminal O1 of the satellite positioning antenna stub 501 and the second ground terminal O2 of the first auxiliary stub 502 within the aforementioned range, the efficiency of the satellite positioning antenna stub 501 or the first antenna stub 504 can be improved by the first auxiliary stub 502 through current coupling, while ensuring good isolation between the satellite positioning antenna stub 501 and the first antenna stub 504. In the scenario where the satellite positioning antenna stub 501 is enabled, the efficiency of the satellite positioning antenna stub 501 can be improved by reusing the first auxiliary stub 502, while the first antenna stub 504 can still meet the good signal registration and signal switching requirements of the mobile terminal, thereby maintaining the base station network requirements of the assisted global positioning system (AGPS).

[0158] Based on the above introduction to the design principle of improving the performance of satellite positioning antenna stubs in the flattened state of a mobile terminal, in this application, the performance of the satellite positioning antenna stub 501 in the closed state of a mobile terminal can also be improved by utilizing the multiplexing between antenna stubs according to scene recognition. For specific implementation, please refer to Figure 7, which is another structural schematic diagram of the antenna system of the mobile terminal provided in this application embodiment. Figure 7 shows the structure of the antenna system in the closed state.

[0159] Figure 8a shows the radiation efficiency and overall efficiency curves of the satellite positioning antenna stub under different scenarios provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 8b shows the S11 curves of the satellite positioning antenna stub under different scenarios provided in the embodiments of this application. In Figures 8a and 8b, scenario 2 represents the scenario where the mobile terminal is in a closed state, the satellite positioning antenna stub 501 is in an enabled state, but the resonance generated by the first auxiliary stub 502 is not applied to the satellite positioning antenna stub 501; scenario 3 represents the scenario where the mobile terminal is in a closed state, the satellite positioning antenna stub 501 is in an enabled state, and the resonance generated by the first auxiliary stub 502 is applied to the satellite positioning antenna stub 501.

[0160] Additionally, referring to Table 2, which shows a comparison of the efficiency of satellite positioning antenna stubs in scenarios 2 and 3, as well as the efficiency of the upper hemisphere of satellite positioning antenna stubs.

[0161] Table 2

[0162] As can be seen from the comparative analysis in Table 2 above, when the mobile terminal is in a closed state, by applying the resonance generated by the first auxiliary stub 502 to the satellite positioning antenna stub 501, the efficiency of the satellite positioning antenna stub 501 and the efficiency of the upper hemisphere of the satellite positioning antenna stub 501 can be improved.

[0163] Additionally, referring to FIG7, in this application, the antenna system further includes a second auxiliary branch 505, at least a portion of which is located at the end of the second housing 2 away from the rotating shaft mechanism 3.

[0164] Additionally, the second auxiliary stub 505 may be equipped with a second adjustable circuit (not shown in Figure 7). When the mobile terminal is in a closed state and the satellite positioning antenna stub 501 is enabled, the second adjustable circuit can be used to make the second auxiliary stub 505 generate a third resonance, wherein the frequency f3 of the third resonance satisfies the condition f3 > f0 with the resonant frequency f0 of the satellite positioning antenna stub 501.

[0165] In other words, when the mobile terminal is in a closed state, and the scene detection system identifies the enabled state of the satellite positioning antenna stub 501, the system can adjust the working state of the second adjustable circuit so that the second auxiliary stub 505 adjusts its matching load according to the resonance mode requirements of the satellite positioning antenna stub 501, thereby adjusting the resonance frequency generated by the second auxiliary stub 505 to the post-parasitic position of the resonance frequency of the satellite positioning antenna stub 501.

[0166] It is understood that in this application, the second adjustable circuit can be connected to one end of the second auxiliary stub 505, which allows the second adjustable circuit to adjust the resonant frequency generated by the second auxiliary stub 505 in a wider frequency band, thereby making the adjustment of the resonance of the second auxiliary stub 505 by the second adjustable circuit more flexible.

[0167] Since the satellite positioning antenna stub 501 can generate a resonance at a frequency of 1575MHz, in one specific embodiment, when the mobile terminal is in a closed state and the satellite positioning antenna stub 501 is enabled, the resonant frequency generated by the second auxiliary stub 505 can be adjusted to 1620MHz via the second adjustable circuit. This allows the second auxiliary stub 505 to strengthen the resonance of the satellite positioning antenna stub 501 while also ensuring resonance consistency during mass production.

[0168] It is understandable that, in order to ensure the effectiveness of the resonance generated by the second auxiliary stub 505 on the satellite positioning antenna stub 501, when the mobile terminal is in a closed state, the projection of the satellite positioning antenna stub 501 and the second auxiliary stub 505 at least partially overlap in the direction from the first housing 1 to the second housing 2. For example, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 7, the projection of the satellite positioning antenna stub 501 and the second auxiliary stub 505 completely overlap in the direction from the first housing 1 to the second housing 2. As in the embodiment shown in FIG. 9, the projection of the satellite positioning antenna stub 501 and the second auxiliary stub 505 partially overlap in the direction from the first housing 1 to the second housing 2.

[0169] It is worth mentioning that, in the embodiments of this application, within the allowable tolerance range, the end face where the second auxiliary branch 505 is located is considered to be flush with the end face where the third auxiliary branch 506 is located.

[0170] In Figures 7 and 9, the second auxiliary branch 505 includes a fifth open end E, and the fifth open end E is located at the end of the first housing 1 away from the rotating shaft mechanism 3.

[0171] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG10, the antenna system may have the fifth open end E disposed at one side end of the second housing 2, such as the seventh end 23. Alternatively, in other possible embodiments, the fifth open end E may also be disposed at the eighth end 24 of the second housing 2. Or, when the second auxiliary stub 505 includes two open ends, the two open ends may be disposed at the seventh end 23 and the eighth end 24 of the second housing 2, respectively. In this case, in the direction from the first housing 1 to the second housing 2, the projection of the second auxiliary stub 505 at least partially overlaps with the satellite positioning antenna stub 501.

[0172] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of another structure of the antenna system provided in an embodiment of this application. In this embodiment, the antenna system further includes a third auxiliary branch 506. At least a portion of the third auxiliary branch 506 is located at the end of the second housing 2 away from the rotating shaft mechanism 3, and it can also be disposed on the frame of the second housing 2. In addition, the third auxiliary branch 506 includes at least one open end. For example, the third auxiliary branch 506 includes a third open end C, which is located at the end of the second housing 2 away from the rotating shaft mechanism 3, and a slot EC is formed between the fifth open end E and the third open end C.

[0173] In addition, in the embodiment shown in FIG11, the direction from the fifth open terminal E to the third open terminal C is the same as the direction from the first open terminal A to the first ground terminal O1.

[0174] In this application, the specific configuration of the end of the second auxiliary branch 505 away from the third auxiliary branch 506 is not limited. For example, as shown in FIG11, the end F of the second auxiliary branch 505 away from the third auxiliary branch 506 is a ground end; while in some other embodiments, such as the antenna system shown in FIG12, the end F of the second auxiliary branch 505 away from the third auxiliary branch 506 is an open end.

[0175] Additionally, the end of the third auxiliary branch 506 furthest from the second auxiliary branch 505 can be the fourth open end D as shown in Figure 11 or Figure 12. In other possible embodiments, the end of the third auxiliary branch 506 furthest from the second auxiliary branch 505 can also be a grounding end. It should be noted that when the end of the third auxiliary branch 506 furthest from the second auxiliary branch 505 is the fourth open end D, the fourth open end D can be located either at the end of the second housing 2 furthest from the rotating shaft mechanism 3 as shown in Figure 11 or Figure 12, or at the side end of the second housing 2; this application does not specifically limit its location.

[0176] The third auxiliary branch 506 may be equipped with a third adjustable circuit (not shown in Figure 11 or 12). When the mobile terminal is in the closed state, under the enabled state of the satellite positioning antenna branch 501, the third adjustable circuit can be used to make the third auxiliary branch 506 generate a fourth resonance, and the frequency f4 of the fourth resonance satisfies the condition that f4 > f3 with the frequency f3 of the third resonance.

[0177] In other words, when the mobile terminal is in a closed state, and the scene detection system identifies the enabled state of the satellite positioning antenna stub 501, the system can adjust the working state of the third adjustable circuit so that the third auxiliary stub 506 adjusts its matching load according to the resonance mode requirements of the satellite positioning antenna stub 501, thereby adjusting the resonant frequency generated by the third auxiliary stub 506 to the post-parasitic position of the resonant frequency generated by the second auxiliary stub 505.

[0178] The third adjustable circuit can be connected to the end of the third auxiliary stub 506 furthest from the second auxiliary stub 505. For example, when the third auxiliary stub 506 includes a fourth open terminal D, the third adjustable circuit can be connected to the fourth open terminal D; and when the end of the third auxiliary stub 506 furthest from the second auxiliary stub 505 is a ground terminal, the third adjustable circuit can be connected to the ground terminal of the third auxiliary stub 506. This allows the third adjustable circuit to adjust the resonant frequency generated by the third auxiliary stub 506 over a wider frequency band, thus making the adjustment of the resonance of the third auxiliary stub 506 more flexible.

[0179] In addition, the third auxiliary stub 506 can also be configured with lumped matching to adjust the current coupling of the third auxiliary stub 506, thereby meeting the tuning requirements of the third auxiliary stub 506.

[0180] In one specific embodiment, when the mobile terminal is in a closed state and the satellite positioning antenna stub 501 is enabled, the resonant frequency generated by the third auxiliary stub 506 can be adjusted to 1700MHz via the third adjustable circuit.

[0181] In this application, in order to ensure that the resonances generated by the second auxiliary stub 505 and the third auxiliary stub 506 can both contribute to improving the performance of the satellite positioning antenna stub 501, in the mobile terminal shown in Figure 11 or Figure 12, the fifth open end E is located at the end of the second housing 2 away from the rotating shaft mechanism 3. Furthermore, it can be understood that along the axial direction of the rotating shaft mechanism 3, i.e., the direction shown by X in Figure 11 or Figure 12, the fifth open end E is located on the side of the first open end A closer to the first grounding end O1; or in other words, in the direction from the first housing 1 to the second housing 2, the projection of the satellite positioning antenna stub 501 covers the fifth open end E; or in other words, the projection of the fifth open end E is located between the first open end A and the first grounding end O1.

[0182] Furthermore, as shown in Figure 11 or Figure 12, in the direction from the first housing 1 to the second housing 2, the distance b1 between the projection A1 of the first open end A and the fifth open end E can satisfy: b1 ≤ L1, where L1 is the physical length of the satellite positioning antenna stub 501. Therefore, the aforementioned distance b1 can also be understood as the distance between the first open end A and the fifth open end E along the axial direction of the rotating shaft mechanism 3.

[0183] In other words, in the embodiment shown in Figure 11 or Figure 12, in the direction from the first housing 1 to the second housing 2, the projection of the second auxiliary branch 505 at least partially overlaps with the satellite positioning antenna branch 501, and the projection of the third auxiliary branch 506 also has at least a partially overlapping area with the satellite positioning antenna branch 501. This helps to balance the coupling between the second auxiliary branch 505 and the third auxiliary branch 506 and the satellite positioning antenna branch 501, thereby improving the efficiency enhancement effect of the second auxiliary branch 505 and the third auxiliary branch 506 on the satellite positioning antenna branch 501.

[0184] In some embodiments of this application, the projection of the second auxiliary stub 505 and the satellite positioning antenna stub 501 can be made to have no overlapping area in the direction from the first housing 1 to the second housing 2. Specifically, in the mobile terminal shown in FIG13, the fifth open end E can be located at the end of the second housing 2 away from the rotating shaft mechanism 3. Furthermore, along the axial direction of the rotating shaft mechanism 3, the fifth open end E is located on the side of the first open end A away from the first grounding end O1, and the distance b2 between the fifth open end E and the first open end A satisfies: b2 ≤ (1 / 4)*L1. The aforementioned distance b2 can also be understood as the distance between the projection A1 of the first open end A on the second auxiliary stub 505 and the fifth open end E of the second auxiliary stub 505 along the axial direction of the rotating shaft mechanism 3.

[0185] Using the above design, in the direction from the first housing 1 to the second housing 2, the projection of the satellite positioning antenna stub 501 is located on the side of the fifth open end E closer to the third open end C. This also allows the second auxiliary stub 505 and the third auxiliary stub 506 to contribute to enhancing the efficiency of the satellite positioning antenna stub 501.

[0186] In one specific embodiment, the projection of the third open end C at the end of the first housing 1 away from the rotating shaft mechanism 3 can also be made to coincide with the first open end A, which is beneficial to balancing the efficiency improvement effect of the second auxiliary stub 505 and the third auxiliary stub 506 on the satellite positioning antenna stub 501.

[0187] Additionally, as shown in Figures 11 to 13, in this embodiment, the physical length L3 of the second auxiliary stub 505 and the physical length L3 of the satellite positioning antenna stub 501 can satisfy the following condition: L3 ≥ (1 / 3) * L1. For example, (1 / 3) * L1 ≤ L3 ≤ (3 / 2) * L1, such as L3 = (2 / 5) * L1 or L3 = (1 / 2) * L1. In one specific embodiment, the physical length L3 of the second auxiliary stub 505 can be 29.3 mm.

[0188] It is worth mentioning that, in this application, the physical length L3 of the second auxiliary branch 505 can be simply considered as the length of each part after it is straightened along the same straight line direction. For example, in the embodiments shown in Figures 11 and 13, since part of the second auxiliary branch 505 extends to the side end of the second housing 2, the physical length of the second auxiliary branch 505 can be considered as the sum of the length of the part of the second auxiliary branch 505 located at the end of the second housing 2 away from the rotating shaft mechanism 3 and the length of the part bent to the side end of the second housing 2.

[0189] In this application, by ensuring that the physical length L3 of the second auxiliary stub 505 meets the above-mentioned range, it is convenient to adjust the resonant frequency generated by the second auxiliary stub 505 according to the resonant mode requirements of the satellite positioning antenna stub 501.

[0190] Furthermore, as shown in Figures 11 and 12 above, when the third open end C of the third auxiliary branch 506 is located at the end of the second housing away from the rotating shaft mechanism, and the projection of the third open end C on the satellite positioning antenna branch 501 is located between the first open end A and the first ground end O1, the physical length L4 of the third auxiliary branch 506 and the physical length L1 of the satellite positioning antenna branch 501 can satisfy the following condition: (1 / 3)*L1≤L4≤2*L1. For example, L4 can be L1 or L4 can be (3 / 2)*L1, etc. In a specific embodiment, the physical length L4 of the third auxiliary branch 506 can be 14mm.

[0191] It is worth mentioning that, in this application, the physical length L4 of the third auxiliary branch 506 can be simply considered as the length of each part after it is straightened in the same straight direction. For example, when a part of the third auxiliary branch 506 extends to the side end of the second housing 2, the physical length of the third auxiliary branch 506 can be considered as the sum of the length of the part of the third auxiliary branch 506 located at the end of the second housing 2 away from the rotating shaft mechanism 3 and the length of the part bent to the side end of the second housing 2.

[0192] In this application, by ensuring that the physical length L4 of the third auxiliary stub 506 meets the above-mentioned range, it is convenient to adjust the resonant frequency generated by the third auxiliary stub 506 according to the resonant mode requirements of the satellite positioning antenna stub 501.

[0193] In the antenna systems shown in Figures 11 to 13 above, the specific configuration of the second auxiliary stub 505 and the third auxiliary stub 506 is described with the third auxiliary stub 506 including two open ends. When the third auxiliary stub 506 includes a third open end C and a ground end, its specific configuration can also refer to the embodiments shown in Figures 11 to 13 above, and will not be described in detail here.

[0194] Figure 14a shows the radiation efficiency and overall efficiency curves of the satellite positioning antenna stub under different scenarios provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 14b shows the S11 curves of the satellite positioning antenna stub under different scenarios provided in the embodiments of this application. In Figures 14a and 14b, scenario 4 represents a scenario where the mobile terminal is in a closed state, the satellite positioning antenna stub 501 is in an enabled state, and the resonance generated by only the second auxiliary stub 505 is applied to the satellite positioning antenna stub 501; scenario 5 represents a scenario where the mobile terminal is in a closed state, the satellite positioning antenna stub 501 is in an enabled state, and the resonance generated by the second auxiliary stub 505 and the third auxiliary stub 506 is applied to the satellite positioning antenna stub.

[0195] Additionally, referring to Table 3, which shows the efficiency of satellite positioning antennas in scenarios 2, 4, and 5, as well as a comparison of the efficiency of satellite positioning antennas in the upper hemisphere.

[0196] Table 3

[0197] Comparative analysis shows that when the mobile terminal is in a closed state and the satellite positioning antenna stub 501 is in an enabled state, applying the resonance generated by the second auxiliary stub 505 to the satellite positioning antenna stub can effectively improve the efficiency of the satellite positioning antenna stub and its upper hemisphere efficiency. Furthermore, applying the resonances generated by both the second auxiliary stub 505 and the third auxiliary stub 506 to the satellite positioning antenna stub 501 can further improve the efficiency of the satellite positioning antenna stub 501 and its upper hemisphere efficiency.

[0198] This is because, when the mobile terminal is in a closed state and the satellite positioning antenna stub 501 is enabled, the resonant frequencies generated by the second auxiliary stub 505 and the third auxiliary stub 506 are both located at the post-parasitic positions of the resonant frequency of the satellite positioning antenna stub 501. This allows the resonances generated by the second auxiliary stub 505 and the third auxiliary stub 506 to both reinforce the resonance of the satellite positioning antenna stub 501, thereby improving the performance of the satellite positioning antenna stub 501.

[0199] In addition, when the mobile terminal is in a closed state and the satellite positioning antenna stub 501 is enabled, the resonance generated by the first auxiliary stub 502, the second auxiliary stub 505 and the third auxiliary stub 506 can all be applied to the satellite positioning antenna stub 501.

[0200] Figure 15a shows the radiation efficiency and overall efficiency curves of the satellite positioning antenna stub under different scenarios provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 15b shows the S11 curves of the satellite positioning antenna stub under different scenarios provided in the embodiments of this application. In Figures 15a and 15b, scenario 6 represents a scenario where the mobile terminal is in a closed state, the satellite positioning antenna stub 501 is in an enabled state, and the resonances generated by the first auxiliary stub 502, the second auxiliary stub 505, and the third auxiliary stub 506 are all applied to the satellite positioning antenna stub 501.

[0201] Additionally, referring to Table 4, which shows the efficiency of satellite positioning antennas in scenarios 3, 5, and 6, as well as a comparison of the efficiency of satellite positioning antennas in the upper hemisphere.

[0202] Table 4

[0203] Comparative analysis shows that when the mobile terminal is in a closed state and the satellite positioning antenna stub 501 is in an enabled state, by loading the resonance generated by the first auxiliary stub 502, the second auxiliary stub 505 and the third auxiliary stub 506 onto the satellite positioning antenna stub 501, the efficiency of the satellite positioning antenna stub 501 and the efficiency of the upper hemisphere can be further improved.

[0204] In summary, it can be understood that by adopting the antenna system design scheme provided in this application, when the mobile terminal is in a closed state and the satellite positioning antenna stub 501 is enabled, the performance of the satellite positioning antenna stub 501 can be improved by loading the resonance generated by at least one of the first auxiliary stub 502, the second auxiliary stub 505 and the third auxiliary stub 506 onto the satellite positioning antenna stub 501, thereby enabling the mobile terminal to provide a good satellite positioning user experience even in a closed state.

[0205] Referring again to Figures 11 to 13, in this application, the antenna system further includes a second antenna stub 507, at least a portion of which is also disposed at the end of the second housing 2 away from the rotating shaft mechanism 3, and a third auxiliary stub 506 is located between the second auxiliary stub 505 and the second antenna stub 507. In practical applications, the second antenna stub 507 may also be disposed on, but is not limited to, the frame of the second housing 2.

[0206] In addition, the end G of the second-side branch 507 near the third auxiliary branch 506 can be an open end, while the other end of the second-side branch 507 can be either an open end or a grounded end, and is not limited in this application.

[0207] In this application, at least one of the second auxiliary stub 505 and the third auxiliary stub 506 can be used as a parasitic stub of the second antenna stub 507. When the second antenna stub 507 is activated, the system can adjust the operating state of the corresponding adjustable circuit so that at least one of the second auxiliary stub 505 and the third auxiliary stub 506 adjusts its matching load according to the resonance mode requirements of the second antenna stub 507, thereby adjusting the resonance frequency generated by at least one of the second auxiliary stub 505 and the third auxiliary stub 506 to the post-parasitic position of the resonance frequency of the second antenna stub 507, thereby improving the cellular communication capability of the second antenna stub 507.

[0208] It is understood that in this application, the fifth open terminal E of the second auxiliary branch 505 may also be provided with a pin, which can be used to connect with the control circuit in the mobile terminal to switch the operating state of the second adjustable circuit according to the usage requirements of different application scenarios, thereby switching the resonant mode of the second auxiliary branch 505. Additionally, the fourth open terminal D or ground terminal of the third auxiliary branch 506 may also be provided with a pin, which can be used to connect with the control circuit in the mobile terminal to switch the operating state of the third adjustable circuit according to the usage requirements of different application scenarios, thereby switching the resonant mode of the third auxiliary branch 506.

[0209] Furthermore, in this application, depending on the design requirements of the actual application scenario, the dimensions of the second housing 2 along the axial direction of the rotating mechanism 3 can be such that the open end E of the second auxiliary stub and the open end G of the second antenna stub are symmetrical, thereby improving the aesthetic design of the mobile terminal. Additionally, in some specific embodiments, along the axial direction of the rotating mechanism 3, the area spanned by the open end A of the satellite positioning antenna stub 501 to the open end E of the second auxiliary stub 505 is also symmetrical with the area spanned by the second auxiliary stub 505 to the open end B of the first auxiliary stub 502, further enhancing the aesthetic design of the mobile terminal. Moreover, any adjustments to the relative positions of the antenna stubs in the antenna system that are required should be understood as falling within the scope of protection of this application.

[0210] Furthermore, in the above embodiments of this application, the specific design of the antenna system is described using a foldable terminal comprising two shells as an example. The design principles of the antenna system can also be applied to foldable terminals with three, four, or more folds to improve their satellite positioning performance in different folding states. Since the antenna system is configured similarly in different types of foldable terminals, it will not be elaborated upon here, but it should all be understood to fall within the protection scope of this application.

[0211] As described above, the antenna system design provided in this application allows for adjustment of the resonance generated by the auxiliary stubs via an adjustable circuit, based on the folded state of the mobile terminal and the usage status of the satellite positioning antenna stubs. This adjustment loads the resonance generated by the auxiliary stubs onto the satellite positioning antenna stubs, thereby improving the performance of the satellite positioning antenna stubs through mode reconstruction. Furthermore, this application also allows for switching the resonance modes of each auxiliary stub according to different usage scenarios via corresponding adjustable circuits. This enables the reuse of each auxiliary stub between the satellite positioning antenna stubs and other antenna stubs, which improves the utilization rate of each auxiliary stub.

[0212] The above are merely specific embodiments of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A mobile terminal, characterized by comprising: The mobile terminal comprises a first shell (1), a second shell (2), a rotating shaft mechanism (3), and an antenna system, the first shell (1) and the second shell (2) are rotationally connected through the rotating shaft mechanism (3), the antenna system comprises a satellite positioning radio frequency link, a satellite positioning antenna branch (501), and a first auxiliary branch (502), the satellite positioning radio frequency link is coupled with the satellite positioning antenna branch (501), the satellite positioning antenna branch (501) and the first auxiliary branch (502) are located at an end of the first shell (1) away from the rotating shaft mechanism (3), wherein: The satellite positioning antenna branch (501) comprises a first ground terminal (O1) and a first open terminal (A), the first auxiliary branch (502) comprises a second ground terminal (O2) and a second open terminal (B), the first auxiliary branch (502) is located on a side of the first ground terminal (O1) away from the first open terminal (A), and the second ground terminal (O2) is close to the satellite positioning antenna branch (501) relative to the second open terminal (B); The first auxiliary branch (502) is provided with a first adjustable circuit, and in an enabled state of the satellite positioning antenna branch (501), the first adjustable circuit is used for causing the first auxiliary branch (502) to generate a first resonance, and a frequency f1 of the first resonance and a resonance frequency f0 of the satellite positioning antenna branch (501) satisfy: f1 < f0.

2. The mobile terminal of claim 1, wherein, A physical length L1 of the satellite positioning antenna branch (501) and a physical length L2 of the first auxiliary branch (502) satisfy: (1 / 3)*L1 ≤ L2 ≤ (2 / 3)*L1.

3. The mobile terminal of claim 2, wherein, In the enabled state of the satellite positioning antenna branch (501), a frequency difference f01 between the frequency f1 of the first resonance and the resonance frequency f0 of the satellite positioning antenna branch (501) satisfies: 0 ≤ f01 ≤ 200MHz.

4. The mobile terminal according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that The first adjustable circuit is connected to the second open terminal (B).

5. The mobile terminal according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that The satellite positioning antenna branch (501) further comprises a feeding point (J), the satellite positioning radio frequency link is coupled with the satellite positioning antenna branch (501) through the feeding point (J), and a distance a between the feeding point (J) and the first open terminal (A) satisfies: 0 ≤ a < L1, L1 being a physical length of the satellite positioning antenna branch.

6. The mobile terminal according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that The electrical length of the satellite positioning antenna branch (501) is a quarter of a dielectric wavelength, wherein the dielectric wavelength is a dielectric wavelength corresponding to a resonance frequency f0of the satellite positioning antenna branch (501).

7. The mobile terminal according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized by The antenna system further comprises a first antenna branch (504), at least part of the first antenna branch (504) is located at an end of the first shell (1) away from the rotating shaft mechanism (3), and the first auxiliary branch (502) is located between the satellite positioning antenna branch (501) and the first antenna branch (504). In the state that the satellite positioning antenna branch (501) is not enabled and the first antenna branch (504) is enabled, the first adjustable circuit is used to make the first auxiliary branch (502) produce a second resonance, and a frequency f2 of the second resonance and a resonance frequency f01 of the first antenna branch (504) satisfy: f2≥f01.

8. The mobile terminal of claim 7, wherein, The frequency f2 of the second resonance satisfies: 1880MHz≤f2≤2800MHz.

9. The mobile terminal of claim 7 or 8, characterized in that A distance d between the first ground terminal (O1) and the second ground terminal (O2) and a physical length L1 of the satellite positioning antenna branch (501) satisfy: (1 / 3)*L1≤d≤(2 / 3)*L1.

10. The mobile terminal according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized by The antenna system further comprises a second auxiliary branch (505), at least part of the second auxiliary branch (505) is located at an end of the second shell (2) away from the rotating shaft mechanism (3); the second auxiliary branch (505) is provided with a second adjustable circuit; When the mobile terminal is in the closed state, in the state that the satellite positioning antenna branch (501) is enabled, the second adjustable circuit is used to make the second auxiliary branch (505) produce a third resonance, and a frequency f3 of the third resonance and a resonance frequency f0 of the satellite positioning antenna branch (501) satisfy: f3>f0.

11. The mobile terminal of claim 10, wherein, When the mobile terminal is in the closed state, in the direction that the first shell (1) points to the second shell (2), a projection of the satellite positioning antenna branch (501) at least partially overlaps the second auxiliary branch (505).

12. The mobile terminal of claim 10, wherein, The antenna system further comprises a third auxiliary branch (506), at least part of the third auxiliary branch (506) is located at an end of the second shell (2) away from the rotating shaft mechanism (3), and the third auxiliary branch (506) comprises a third open end (C); the second auxiliary branch (505) comprises a fifth open end (E), and a gap is formed between the fifth open end (E) and the third open end (C); The third auxiliary branch (506) is provided with a third adjustable circuit; when the mobile terminal is in the closed state, in the state that the satellite positioning antenna branch (501) is enabled, the third adjustable circuit is used to make the third auxiliary branch (506) produce a fourth resonance, and a frequency f4 of the fourth resonance and a frequency f3 of the third resonance satisfy: f4>f3.

13. The mobile terminal of claim 12, wherein, The fifth open end (E) is located at an end of the first shell (1) away from the rotating shaft mechanism (3); when the mobile terminal is in the closed state, in the direction that the first shell (1) points to the second shell (2), a projection of the satellite positioning antenna branch (501) covers the fifth open end E.

14. The mobile terminal of claim 12, wherein, The fifth open end (E) is located at the end of the first shell (1) away from the rotating shaft mechanism (3); when the mobile terminal is in the closed state, the projection of the satellite positioning antenna branch (501) on the direction in which the first shell (1) points to the second shell (2) is located on the side of the fifth open end (E) close to the third open end (C).

15. The mobile terminal of claim 13 or 14, characterized in that The physical length L3 of the second auxiliary branch (505) and the physical length L1 of the satellite positioning antenna branch (501) satisfy: L3≥(1 / 3)*L1.

16. The mobile terminal of any one of claims 12 to 14, characterized by The third open end (C) is located at the end of the second shell away from the rotating shaft mechanism, and when the mobile terminal is in the closed state, the projection of the third open end (C) on the satellite positioning antenna branch (501) is located between the first open end (A) and the first ground end (O1), and the physical length L4 of the third auxiliary branch (506) and the physical length L1 of the satellite positioning antenna branch (501) satisfy: (1 / 3)*L1≤L4≤2*L1.

17. A mobile terminal, characterized by The first shell (1), the second shell (2), the rotating shaft mechanism (3) and the antenna system are included, the first shell (1) and the second shell (2) are connected by the rotating shaft mechanism (3), the antenna system includes a satellite positioning antenna radio frequency link, a satellite positioning antenna branch (501), a second auxiliary branch (505) and a third auxiliary branch (506), the satellite positioning antenna radio frequency link is coupled with the satellite positioning antenna branch (501), the satellite positioning antenna branch (501) is located at the end of the first shell (1) away from the rotating shaft mechanism (3), at least part of the second auxiliary branch (505) is located at the end of the second shell (2) away from the rotating shaft mechanism (3), and at least part of the third auxiliary branch (506) is located at the end of the second shell (2) away from the rotating shaft mechanism (3), wherein: The second auxiliary branch (505) is provided with a second adjustable circuit; when the mobile terminal is in the closed state, in the enabled state of the satellite positioning antenna branch (501), the second adjustable circuit is used to make the second auxiliary branch (505) produce a third resonance, and the frequency f3 of the third resonance and the resonance frequency f0 of the satellite positioning antenna branch (501) satisfy: f3>f0; The third auxiliary branch (506) includes a third open end (C), the second auxiliary branch (505) includes a fifth open end (E), and the fifth open end (E) and the third open end (C) form a slit; The third auxiliary branch (506) is provided with a third adjustable circuit; when the mobile terminal is in the closed state, in the enabled state of the satellite positioning antenna branch (501), the third adjustable circuit is used to make the third auxiliary branch (506) produce a fourth resonance, and the frequency f4 of the fourth resonance and the frequency f3 of the third resonance satisfy: f4>f3.

18. The mobile terminal of claim 17, wherein, The projection of the second auxiliary branch (505) on the end of the first housing (1) away from the rotating shaft mechanism (3) covers at least part of the satellite positioning antenna branch (501).

19. The mobile terminal of claim 17 or 18, characterized in that The antenna system further comprises a first auxiliary branch (502) located at the end of the first housing (1) away from the rotating shaft mechanism (3); the navigation antenna branch (501) comprises a first grounding end (O1) and a first open end (A), the first auxiliary branch (501) comprises a second grounding end (O2) and a second open end (B), the first auxiliary branch (502) is located on the side of the first grounding end (O1) away from the first open end (A), and the second grounding end (O2) is close to the navigation antenna branch (501) relative to the second open end (B). The first auxiliary branch (502) is provided with a first adjustable device; when the mobile terminal is in a closed state, in an enabled state of the navigation antenna branch (501), the first adjustable device is used to make the first auxiliary branch (502) generate a first resonance, and the frequency f1 of the first resonance and the resonance frequency f0 of the navigation antenna branch (501) satisfy: f1 < f0.

Images