Damper

Abstract

[Problem] To provide a damper capable of continuously supplying or continuously discharging granular material while air-sealing is performed. [Solution] A damper 1 comprises an upper chute 2, a first chute 3 and a second chute 3 that are branched in two directions at the lower section of the upper chute, a first valve plate 5 for opening and closing a first opening 3a, a second valve plate 6 for opening and closing a second opening 4a, a third chute 8 which surrounds the first valve plate and through which the granular material discharged from the first opening passes, a fourth chute 9 which surrounds the second valve plate and through which the granular material discharged from the second opening passes, a third valve plate 10 for opening and closing a third opening 8a, a fourth valve plate 11 for opening and closing a fourth opening 9a, and a lower chute 12 which surrounds the third valve plate and the fourth valve plate and through which the granular material discharged from the third opening and the fourth opening passes, the second opening and the third opening being closed when the first opening and the fourth opening are opened, and the first opening and the fourth opening being closed when the second opening and the third opening are opened.

Description

Damper

[0001] The present invention relates to a damper, and more particularly to a continuous discharge type air seal damper used for charging high-temperature raw materials and discharging gasification residues in a gasification device for combustible materials such as waste plastics that utilize high-temperature raw materials.

[0002] Conventionally, when a gasification system is incorporated into a cement kiln preheater, as shown in FIG. 3 , high-temperature cement raw material C1 (700°C or higher) is separated by a screw conveyor 36 from a chute 34a of a cyclone 34 second from the bottom of the preheater and then introduced into a gasification system 38 via a sealing damper 37. Meanwhile, waste plastic C2 is sealed by a rotary valve 35 and continuously supplied to the gasification system 38. The high-temperature cement raw material C1 and waste plastic C2 are mixed in the gasification system 38, and the waste plastic C2 is heated to 520°C or higher and gasified. The generated gas C4 is burned as fuel in a calciner 33. Meanwhile, the cement raw material C1 and residue C3 are introduced into a riser section 32a of a cement kiln 32 via a sealing damper 39 at approximately 520°C. For the sealing dampers 37 and 39, an air-sealing double-flap damper or the like is used (see Patent Document 1).

[0003] International Publication No. 2021-024386

[0004] However, in the above-described conventional method, the cement raw material C1 is intermittently fed into the gasifier 38, and the raw material and residue C3 are intermittently discharged from the gasifier 38, causing fluctuations in the pressure within the gasifier 38 and the risk of high-temperature gas blowing out from the rotating shaft of the gasifier 38. Furthermore, to prevent gas blowout, it is necessary to either reduce the processing volume or enlarge the hood of the gasifier 38, which necessitates designing the gasifier 38 with a capacity at least twice the processing volume. Furthermore, the gas C4 and cement raw material C2 discharged from the gasifier 38 are intermittently fed into the cement kiln 32, which poses a problem of hindering stable operation of the cement kiln 32.

[0005] One possible solution to these problems would be to install two double flap dampers in parallel, but this would require dividing the raw material into two and then collecting them into a single chute at the outlets of the two dampers, which would increase the vertical distance and raise the risk of not being able to place the gasification device 38 between the lower chute 34a of the cyclone 34 and the riser 32a.

[0006] Another option is to use a continuous discharge rotary valve instead of a double flap damper, but while rotary valves work fine at room temperature, at high temperatures the clearance increases due to thermal expansion, making the air seal insufficient.

[0007] Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a damper that enables high-temperature preheated raw material to be continuously supplied into a gasification device while being air-sealed, and that enables continuous discharge from the gasification device while being air-sealed.

[0008] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a damper comprising: an upper chute for passing powder or granular material; a first chute and a second chute branching in two directions at a lower part of the upper chute; a first valve plate for opening and closing a first opening at the lower part of the first chute; a second valve plate for opening and closing a second opening at the lower part of the second chute; a third chute surrounding the first valve plate and for passing powder or granular material discharged from the first opening; a fourth chute surrounding the second valve plate and for passing powder or granular material discharged from the second opening; a third valve plate for opening and closing a third opening at the lower part of the third chute; a fourth valve plate for opening and closing a fourth opening at the lower part of the fourth chute; and a lower chute surrounding the third valve plate and the fourth valve plate and for passing powder or granular material discharged from the third opening and the fourth opening; wherein when the first opening and the fourth opening are open, the second opening and the third opening are closed, and when the second opening and the third opening are open, the first opening and the fourth opening are closed.

[0009] According to the damper of the present invention, the functions of two double flap dampers are integrated, and powder and granular material can be continuously supplied or discharged while being air-sealed.

[0010] In the damper, the second opening and the third opening are closed for a certain period of time before the first opening and the fourth opening are opened and for a certain period of time after the first opening and the fourth opening are closed, and the first opening and the fourth opening are closed for a certain period of time before the second opening and the third opening are opened and for a certain period of time after the second opening and the third opening are closed. This prevents the inside of the damper from becoming completely open (a state where the area between the inlet and outlet of the damper is not sealed), and enables the continuous supply or discharge of powder or granular material while more effectively air sealing.

[0011] By providing a distribution damper in the damper that distributes the powder and granular material passing through the upper chute to the first chute and the second chute, the powder and granular material fed into the upper chute is divided into two equal amounts, enabling more stable continuous supply or discharge of powder and granular material.

[0012] 1 is a schematic overall configuration diagram showing one embodiment of a damper according to the present invention, in which (a) is a sectional front view, and (b) is a view as seen from the arrow A-A in (a). FIG. 2 is a time chart for explaining the opening and closing operation of a valve plate (flap) of the damper in FIG. 1. FIG. 3 is a schematic overall configuration diagram for explaining a configuration in which a gasification device is incorporated into a preheater of a cement kiln.

[0013] Next, an embodiment of a damper according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

[0014] FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a damper according to the present invention, and this damper 1 can be used in place of the sealing dampers 37 and 39 shown in FIG.

[0015] The damper 1 includes an upper chute 2 to which powdered or granular material P (corresponding to the cement raw material C1 in FIG. 3 ) is supplied, first and second chutes 3 and 4 branching in two directions at the bottom of the upper chute 2, a first valve plate 5 opening and closing a first opening 3 a at the bottom of the first chute 3, a second valve plate 6 opening and closing a second opening 4 a at the bottom of the second chute 4, a third chute 8 surrounding the first valve plate 5 and allowing the powdered or granular material discharged from the first opening 3 a to pass through, a fourth chute 9 surrounding the second valve plate 6 and allowing the powdered or granular material discharged from the second opening 4 a to pass through, a third valve plate 10 opening and closing a third opening 8 a at the bottom of the third chute 8, a fourth valve plate 11 opening and closing a fourth opening 9 a at the bottom of the fourth chute 9, and a lower chute 12 surrounding the third valve plate 10 and the fourth valve plate 11 and allowing the powdered or granular material discharged from the third and fourth openings 8 a, 9 a to pass through. Partition plates 26 are interposed between the first chute 3 and the second chute 4, and between the third chute 8 and the fourth chute 9, so that the interior of each chute is configured as an independent space.

[0016] Air cylinders 14, 15 and link mechanisms 16-19 are provided to rotate the first to fourth valve plates 5 to 11 around the shafts 20-23. A cam mechanism (not shown) and the like are also provided to control the rotation schedule (opening / closing schedule) of the first to fourth valve plates 5 to 11. Note that motors can also be used in place of the air cylinders 14, 15.

[0017] A distribution damper 25 is provided to divide the powder P fed into the upper chute 2 into two equal amounts, and by rotating the plate-shaped distribution damper 25 in the direction of arrow B in Figure 1(a), the powder P fed into the upper chute 2 is divided into two, one for the first chute 3 and the other for the second chute 4. The distribution damper 25 can be rotated manually or electrically.

[0018] Next, the operation of the damper 1 having the above-described configuration will be described with reference to FIGS.

[0019] Powder and granular material P introduced into the upper chute 2 is sorted to the left and right by the sorting damper 25, and then falls from the upper chute 2 in two parts onto the first chute 3 and the second chute 4. Initially, the first to fourth valve plates (5, 6, 10, 11) are all closed, but the first valve plate 5 and the fourth valve plate 11 open, and the powder and granular material passes through the first valve plate 5 and then accumulates on the third valve plate 10, as well as on the second valve plate 6. Next, the first valve plate 5 and the fourth valve plate 11 close, and the second valve plate 6 and the third valve plate 10 open, and the powder and granular material that had accumulated on the third valve plate 10 falls into the lower chute 12 and is discharged from the damper 1, and passes through the second valve plate 6 and then accumulates on the fourth valve plate 11.

[0020] Next, the first valve plate 5 and fourth valve plate 11 open, the second valve plate 6 and third valve plate 10 close, the powder and granular material that has accumulated on the fourth valve plate 11 falls into the lower chute 12 and is then discharged from the damper 1, the powder and granular material that has accumulated on the first valve plate 5 passes through the third chute 8 and accumulates on the third valve plate 10, and the powder and granular material that has passed through the upper chute 2 accumulates on the second valve plate 6. Thereafter, the above operations are repeated.

[0021] In this way, when the diagonally opposite first valve plate 5 and fourth valve plate 11 are open, the second valve plate 6 and third valve plate 10 are closed, and when the first valve plate 5 and fourth valve plate 11 are closed, the second valve plate 6 and third valve plate 10 are open, and the powder P is continuously discharged from the damper 1.

[0022] Furthermore, during the time period S in FIG. 2, all valve plates (5, 6, 10, 11) are closed, and the second opening 4a and the third opening 8a are closed for a certain period of time before the first opening 3a and the fourth opening 9a open and for a certain period of time after the first opening 3a and the fourth opening 9a are closed, and the first opening 3a and the fourth opening 9a are closed for a certain period of time before the second opening 4a and the third opening 8a open and for a certain period of time after the second opening 4a and the third opening 8a are closed, thereby preventing the inside of the damper 1 from being completely open (a state in which the area from the inlet to the outlet of the damper 1 is not sealed).

[0023] As described above, sealing and continuous supply or continuous discharge are possible by controlling the opening and closing of the four valve plates (5, 6, 10, 11) built into the damper 1. By using the damper 1 as the sealing dampers 37, 39 in Fig. 3, the layer thickness of the cement raw material C1 and waste plastic C2 inside the gasification device 38 is stabilized, the gasification of the waste plastic C2 is stabilized, and the processing amount can be increased. In addition, fluctuations in the residue C3 given to the cement kiln 32 can be mitigated.

[0024] In the above embodiment, four valve plates (5, 6, 10, 11) are provided within the damper 1, and the functions of two double flap dampers are integrated into one configuration. However, by providing six or more valve plates within the damper 1 and operating each valve plate as described above, it is also possible to create a triple damper or a damper with more stages.

[0025] Furthermore, the damper 1 has been described as being particularly suitable for use in charging and discharging high-temperature raw materials, with the damper 1 being applied to the sealing dampers 37 and 39 shown in FIG. 3 as an example. However, the damper 1 can also be applied to other powdered or granular materials.

[0026] Furthermore, the illustrated embodiments are merely examples and are not intended to limit the technical scope of the present invention.

[0027] REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 Damper 2 Upper chute 3 First chute 4 Second chute 5 First valve plate 6 Second valve plate 8 Third chute 9 Fourth chute 10 Third valve plate 11 Fourth valve plate 12 Lower chute 14, 15 Air cylinder 16-19 Link mechanism 20-23 Shaft 25 Distribution damper 26 Partition plate 32 Cement kiln 33 Calciner 34 Second cyclone from the bottom 35 Rotary valve 36 Screw conveyor 37 Sealing damper 38 Gasifier 39 Sealing damper

Claims

1. A pumping device comprising: an upper chute for passing powder or granular material; a first chute and a second chute branching in two directions below the upper chute; a first valve plate for opening and closing a first opening at the bottom of the first chute; a second valve plate for opening and closing a second opening at the bottom of the second chute; a third chute surrounding the first valve plate and for passing powder or granular material discharged from the first opening; a fourth chute surrounding the second valve plate and for passing powder or granular material discharged from the second opening; a third valve plate for opening and closing a third opening at the bottom of the third chute; a fourth valve plate for opening and closing a fourth opening at the bottom of the fourth chute; and a lower chute surrounding the third valve plate and the fourth valve plate and for passing powder or granular material discharged from the third opening and the fourth opening. A damper characterized in that when the first opening and the fourth opening are open, the second opening and the third opening are closed, and when the second opening and the third opening are open, the first opening and the fourth opening are closed.

2. A damper as described in claim 1, characterized in that the second opening and the third opening are closed for a certain period of time before the first opening and the fourth opening are opened and for a certain period of time after the first opening and the fourth opening are closed, and the first opening and the fourth opening are closed for a certain period of time before the second opening and the third opening are opened and for a certain period of time after the second opening and the third opening are closed.

3. A damper according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it is provided with a distribution damper that distributes powder and granular material passing through the upper chute to the first chute and the second chute.

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