Optimizing power amplifier energy for enhanced network sustainability

Abstract

Embodiments of the present disclosure disclose optimizing power amplifier energy for enhanced network sustainability. The method comprises receiving one or more capability parameters associated with one or more power amplifiers in an ORAN Radio Unit (O-RU); receiving power amplifier configuration policy to control power consumption of the one or more power amplifiers from a Service Management and Orchestration (SMO); monitoring real-time traffic scheduling associated with O-DU; and dynamically updating the one or more capability parameters based on the power amplifier configuration policy and the real-time traffic scheduling to optimize power consumption of the one or more power amplifiers.

Description

OPTIMIZING POWER AMPLIFIER ENERGY FOR ENHANCED NETWORKSUSTAINABILITYCROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0001] This application claims priority to India Provisional Application No. 202421056753, filed on July 25, 2024, and India Provisional Application No. 202421056753, filed on April 14, 2025, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.BACKGROUND

[0002] In Open-Radio Access Network (O-RAN), O-RAN Distributed Unit (O-DU) handles / operates higher layer functions of the baseband processing. For instance, the O-DU transforms higher level data into a digital baseband signal that are transmitted to an O-RAN Radio Unit (O-RU). The O-RU handles lower layer processing such as handling Radio Frequency (RF) functions. The digital baseband signals from the O-DU are converted to RF signals for transmission by the O-RU. The O-RU include power amplifies which help in boosting power of the RF signals. However, there is always a trade-off between the performance of the power amplifiers and power efficiency causing high power consumption.

[0003] The information disclosed in this background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the general background of the disclosure and should not be taken as an acknowledgement or any form of suggestion that this information forms the prior art already known to a person skilled in the art.SUMMARY

[0004] In an embodiment, the present disclosure discloses an Open-Radio Access Network Distributed Unit (O-DU). The O-DU is configured to receive one or more capability parameters associated with one or more power amplifiers in an ORAN Radio Unit (O-RU). Further, the O- DU is configured to receive power amplifier configuration policy to control power consumption of the one or more power amplifiers from a Service Management and Orchestration (SMO). Thereafter, the O-DU is configured to monitor real-time traffic scheduling associated with O-DU. Finally, the O-DU is configured to dynamically update the one or more capability parameters based on the power amplifier configuration policy and the real-time traffic scheduling to optimize power consumption of the one or more power amplifiers.

[0005] In an embodiment, the present disclosure discloses a method. The method comprises receiving one or more capability parameters associated with one or more power amplifiers in an ORAN Radio Unit (O-RU). Further, the method comprises receiving power amplifier configuration policy to control power consumption of the one or more power amplifiers from a Service Management and Orchestration (SMO). Thereafter, the method comprises monitoring real-time traffic scheduling associated with O-DU. Finally, the method comprises to dynamically updating the one or more capability parameters based on the power amplifier configuration policy and the real-time traffic scheduling to optimize power consumption of the one or more power amplifiers.

[0006] In an embodiment, the present disclosure discloses a non-transitory computer readable medium including instructions stored thereon that when processed by at least one processor, cause the at least one processor to perform operations of receiving one or more capability parameters associated with one or more power amplifiers in an ORAN Radio Unit (O-RU). Further, the processor receives power amplifier configuration policy to control power consumption of the one or more power amplifiers from a Service Management and Orchestration (SMO). Thereafter, the processor monitors real-time traffic scheduling associated with O-DU. Finally, the processor dynamically updates the one or more capability parameters based on the power amplifier configuration policy and the real-time traffic scheduling to optimize power consumption of the one or more power amplifiers.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0007] Features, aspects, and advantages of embodiments of the disclosure will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which like reference numerals denote like elements, and wherein:

[0008] FIG. 1 shows an exemplary architecture illustrating optimizing power amplifier energy for enhanced network sustainability, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0009] FIG. 2A illustrates an exemplary architecture illustrating Digital Pre-Distortion (DPD) and Crest Factor Reduction (CFR) present in ORAN Radio Unit (O-RU), in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0010] FIG. 2B illustrates an exemplary architecture illustrating Digital Pre-Distortion (DPD) and Crest Factor Reduction (CFR) present in ORAN Distributed Unit (O-DU), in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0011] FIG. 3A shows an exemplary call flow diagram for optimizing power amplifier energy for enhanced network sustainability, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0012] FIG. 3B shows an exemplary call flow diagram for optimizing power amplifier energy for enhanced network sustainability, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0013] FIG. 3C shows an exemplary call flow diagram for power optimization by controlling Digital Pre-Distortion (DPD) and Crest Factor Reduction (CFR)., in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0014] FIG. 4 shows a flowchart illustrating a method for optimizing power amplifier energy for enhanced network sustainability, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure; and

[0015] FIG. 5 shows a diagram of example components of an ORAN Distributed Unit (O-DU) for conflict mitigation using digital twin, in accordance with embodiments of the present disclosure.DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] The following detailed description of example embodiments refers to the accompanying drawings. The present disclosure provides illustrations and descriptions, but is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the implementations to the precise form disclosed. Modifications and variations are possible in light of the present disclosure or may be acquired from practice of the implementations. Further, one or more features or components of one embodiment may be incorporated into or combined with another embodiment (or one or more features of anotherembodiment). Additionally, the flow chart and description of operations provided below relate to at least one of the embodiments in the present disclosure. It should be noted that it is possible to make other embodiments that do not exactly match the flowchart and its description. It is understood that in other embodiments one or more operations may be omitted, one or more operations may be added, one or more operations may be performed simultaneously (at least in part).

[0017] It will be apparent that systems and / or methods described herein may be implemented in different forms of hardware, software, or a combination of hardware and software. The actual specialized control hardware or software code used to implement these systems and / or methods is not limiting of the implementations. Thus, the operation and behavior of the systems and / or methods are described herein without reference to specific software code. It is understood that software and hardware may be designed to implement the systems and / or methods based on the description herein.

[0018] Even though particular combinations of features are recited in the claims and / or disclosed in the specification, these combinations are not intended to limit the disclosure of implementations. In fact, many of these features may be combined in ways not specifically recited in the claims and / or disclosed in the specification. Although each dependent claim listed below may directly depend on only one claim, the disclosure of implementations includes each dependent claim in combination with every other claim in the claim set.

[0019] No element, act, or instruction used herein should be construed as critical or essential unless explicitly described as such. Also, as used herein, the articles “a” and “an” are intended to include one or more items, and may be used interchangeably with “one or more.” Also, as used herein, the terms “has,” “have,” “having,” “include,” “including,” or the like are intended to be open-ended terms. Further, the phrase “based on” is intended to mean “based, at least in part, on” unless explicitly stated otherwise. Furthermore, expressions such as “at least one of [A] and [B],” “[A] and / or [B],” or “at least one of [A] or [B]” are to be understood as including only A, only B, or both A and B.

[0020] The foregoing disclosure provides illustration and description but is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the implementations to the precise form disclosed. Modifications andvariations are possible in light of the above disclosure or may be acquired from practice of the implementations.

[0021] As discussed in background section, there is always a trade-off between the performance and the power efficiency of a power amplifier. Each power amplifier has an operating range and if the power amplifier covers a smaller range of input, which is a region maintained with high linearity, power efficiency is higher. However, if the amplitude of Radio Frequency (RF) input signal is larger than the designed operating range of the power amplifier, signal is distorted when getting through the power amplifier. The operating range of the power amplifier should be designed to cover the maximum envelope of RF input signal, which is determined by the peak of baseband signal. The peak of baseband signal can change over the time. As an example, a fully loaded Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbol when compared with the OFDM symbol consisting of only reference signals which are of a low order modulation that has a significantly lower maximum amplitude. This gives rise a room for power amplifier reconfiguration and power amplifier adaptation as the entire power amplifier operating range is not going to be used all time. The power amplifier reconfiguration and power amplifier adaptation also depends on Physical Resource Block (PRB) usage or other traffic related Key Performance Indicators (KPIs). The power amplifier power consumption and output power can be controlled by reconfiguring the power amplifier parameters and through Digital Pre-Distortion (DPD) and Crest Factor Reduction (CFR) profile which is discussed in present disclosure.

[0022] The present disclosure proposes adaptive power amplifier parameter reconfiguration which directly impacts power efficiency. The O-DU adjusts parameters associated with the power amplifier based on the traffic scheduling, PRB and throughput. Also, the present disclosure proposes controlling the DPD and the CFR to adapt to the power amplifier configuration as the DPD and the CFR are linked with the above power amplifier parameter reconfiguration and indirectly impacts power efficiency.

[0023] FIG. 1 shows an exemplary architecture illustrating optimizing power amplifier energy for enhanced network sustainability, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0024] Exemplary architecture 100 illustrates an Open-Radio Access Network Distributed Unit (O-DU) 101 associated with ORAN Radio Unit (O-RU) 103 and a Service Management andOrchestration (SMO) 107. The role of 0-DU 101 and the 0-RU 103 may change based on network requirements. The O-RU 103 may include one or more power amplifiers 105N. In an embodiment, the O-DU 101 may transmit digital baseband signals to the O-RU 103. The O-RU 103 may transform the digital baseband signals the Radio Frequency (RF) signals which may be amplified using one or more power amplifiers 105N. The O-RU 103 may also include a Digital Pre-Distortion (DPD) and Crest Factor Reduction (CFR), which may be a part of a digital processing unit. In an embodiment, the DPD and the CFR may be present within the O-DU 101 . In another embodiment, the DPD and the CFR may be present within the O-RU 103. The aspects related to the DPD and the CFR are discussed further in the present disclosure.

[0025] In an embodiment, the O-DU 101 may be configured to receive one or more capability parameters associated with one or more power amplifiers in the O-RU 103. The one or more capability parameters may include, without limitation, input parameters, an output power, and an estimated power consumption. The input parameters may be bias voltage (Vbias) voltage and drain voltage (Vdd) of the one or more power amplifiers 105N. The Vbias may refer to the main Direct Current (DC) supply voltage provided to the one or more power amplifiers 105N. The Vdd may refer to the DC voltage applied to the input terminal of the one or more power amplifiers 105N. The output power may be corresponding power generated by the one or more power amplifiers 105N on applying a certain value Vbias and Vdd. The estimated power consumption may be value of power consumed when certain value Vbias and Vdd is applied. In an embodiment, the O-RU 103 may advertise the one or more capability parameters which may be received by the O-DU 101. As an example, the O-RU 103 may advertise the one or more capability parameters in a Yet Another Next Generation (YANG) leaf list. An exemplary YANG leaf list is shown below in Table A:Table A

[0026] In an embodiment, upon receiving the one or more capability parameters, the O-DU 101 may be configured to receive power amplifier configuration policy to control power consumption of the one or more power amplifiers 105N from the SMO 107. In an embodiment, upon receiving the one or more capability parameters, the O-DU 101 may transmit the one or more capability parameters to the SMO 107 which may transmit the power amplifier configuration policy based on the one or more capability parameters (which is illustrated in call flow diagram in FIG. 3A). The one or more capability parameters are transmitted to the SMO 107 to quantify the energy saving against each of the input parameters in the one or more capability parameters. This would facilitate the one or more power amplifiers 105N power optimization in subsequent configurations.

[0027] In an embodiment, upon receiving the power amplifier configuration policy, the O-DU 101 may be configured to monitor real-time traffic scheduling associated with the O-DU 101. In an embodiment, the O-DU 101 may monitor at least one of baseband signals generated, scheduling at the O-DU 101 and Physical Resource Block (PRB) usage. As an example, the PRB usage indicates real-time traffic condition.

[0028] In an embodiment, upon monitoring the real-time traffic scheduling, the O-DU 101 may be configured to dynamically update the one or more capability parameters based on the power amplifier configuration policy and the real-time traffic scheduling to optimize power consumption of the one or more power amplifiers 105N. In an embodiment, the O-DU 101 may determine a correlation between the real-time traffic scheduling and the one or more capability parameters. Upon determining the correlation, the O-DU 101 may determine updated values for the one or more capability parameters for each of the one or more power amplifiers 105N basedon the correlation. The updated values are transmitted to the O-RU for controlling the output power of the one or more power amplifiers 105N. As an example, based on the real-time traffic scheduling which requires high output power. The O-DU 101 may correlate the one or more capability parameters to determine updated values for the input parameters which may be Vbias and Vdd. In one embodiment, the O-DU 101 may control the output power of the one or more power amplifiers 105N by configuring the updated values for the one or more capability parameters. In other words, the O-DU 101 may directly configure the updated values in the one or more power amplifiers 105N. In another embodiment, the O-DU 101 may control the output power of the one or more power amplifiers 105N by configuring a control variable to be used by the O-RU to derive the updated values for the one or more capability parameters. In other words, the O-DU 101 may indirectly configure the updated values in the one or more power amplifiers 105N by transmitting the updated values in the parameter. Upon receiving the updated values, the one or more power amplifiers 105N may apply the updated values to optimize power consumption of the one or more power amplifiers 105N. As the updated values are determined based on real-time traffic scheduling, the power consumption is controlled in real-time, which helps in power consumption. In other words, the power consumption is optimized as the input parameters are provided to the one or more power amplifiers 105N based on the power amplifier configuration policy and the real-time traffic scheduling. The DPD and the CFR may also be configured to optimize power consumption, which is discussed further in the FIG. 2A and FIG. 2B.

[0029] Referring to FIG. 2A, Digital Pre-Distortion (DPD) unit 201 and Crest Factor Reduction (CFR) unit 203 are present in ORAN Radio Unit (O-RU) 103. Alternatively, referring FIG. 2B, the DPD unit 201 and the CFR unit 203 are present in ORAN Distributed Unit (O-DU). DPD is a technique used to mitigate the non-linearities of one or more power amplifiers 105N. The DPD technique focuses on reducing distortion, out-of-band emissions, Error Vector Magnitude (EVM), and Peak-to-Average Power Ratio (PAPR). The CFR technique focuses on reducing the Peak-to-Average Power Ratio (PAPR) of a signal, which in turn helps to minimize distortion, out-of-band emissions, and Error Vector Magnitude (EVM) when the signal is amplified by the one or more power amplifiers 105N. To achieve these objectives, the DPD technique and the CFR technique rely on one or more DPD input parameters and one or more CFR input parameters, respectively. The one or more DPD input parameters and the one or more CFR input parameters are provided below:One or more DPD input parameters:1. In-phase and Quadrature (IQ) data :Description: The baseband modulated signal that will be transmitted.Role: This is the primary input to the DPD techniques. The IQ data is analyzed and modified to pre-compensate for the one or more power amplifiers 105N non-linearities.2. Feedback Signal:Description: A portion of the output signal from the one or more power amplifiers 105N, typically captured using a feedback loop.Role: This feedback signal is crucial for adaptive DPD techniques. It allows the DPD system to continuously adjust its parameters to counteract the one or more power amplifiers 105N non-linear behavior. The feedback signal helps in measuring the actual distortion and out-of-band emissions, enabling the DPD technique to correct them effectively.3. One or more power amplifiers 105N Characteristics:Description: Information about the one or more power amplifiers 105N non-linear behavior, including its gain, phase distortion, and memory effects.Role: These characteristics are used to model the one or more power amplifiers 105N behavior accurately. The DPD technique uses this model to design the pre-distortion function that will linearize the one or more power amplifiers 105N output.4. One or more power amplifiers 105N input and output power levels:Description: The power levels of the signal before and after amplification by the one or more power amplifiers 105N.Role: Monitoring these power levels helps the DPD technique to adjust the pre-distortion parameters dynamically, ensuring optimal performance across different operating conditions.5. Signal bandwidth and frequency:Description: The bandwidth and center frequency of the transmitted signal.Role: These parameters are important for understanding the spectral characteristics of the signal and ensuring that the DPD technique can effectively reduce out-of-band emissions.6.EVM Metrics:Description: EVM measurements of the transmitted signal.Role: EVM is a critical metric for assessing the quality of the transmitted signal. The DPD technique uses EVM measurements to fine-tune the pre-distortion parameters, minimizing signal distortion and improving overall signal quality.5. PAPR Metrics:Description: PAPR measurements of the transmitted signal.Role: High PAPR can lead to PA saturation and distortion. The DPD technique uses PAPR metrics to adjust the pre-distortion parameters, reducing PAPR and preventing PA saturation.6. Temperature and Environmental Conditions:Description: Information about the operating temperature and other environmental conditions.Role: These conditions can affect the one or more power amplifiers 105N performance.The DPD technique may use this information to adapt its parameters, ensuring consistent performance under varying conditions.One or more CFR input parameters:1.IQ Data (In-phase and Quadrature Data):Description: The baseband modulated signal that will be transmitted.Role: This is the primary input to the CFR technique. The IQ data is analyzed to identify and reduce peaks that contribute to high PAPR.2. PAPR Metrics:Description: Measurements of the Peak-to-Average Power Ratio (PAPR) of the input signal.Role: These metrics help the CFR technique to identify the peaks that need to be reduced.The goal is to lower the PAPR without significantly affecting the signal quality.3. Signal Bandwidth and Frequency:Description: The bandwidth and center frequency of the transmitted signal.Role: These parameters are important for understanding the spectral characteristics of the signal and ensuring that the CFR technique can effectively reduce peaks without causing out-of-band emissions.4. EVM Metrics:Description: EVM measurements of the input signal.Role: EVM is a critical metric for assessing the quality of the transmitted signal. The CFR technique uses EVM measurements to ensure that the reduction in PAPR does not significantly degrade the signal quality.5. One or more power amplifiers 105N Characteristics:Description: Information about the one or more power amplifiers 105N non-linear behavior, including its gain and phase distortion characteristics.Role: While primarily used in DPD, PA characteristics can also inform the CFR technique to ensure that the reduced PAPR signal is within the PA's optimal operating range.6. Clipping Threshold:Description: The threshold level at which the signal peaks will be clipped or reduced.Role: This parameter defines the maximum allowable peak level for the signal. The CFR technique uses this threshold to determine how much the peaks should be reduced.7. Windowing Parameters:Description: Parameters that define the window size and shape for peak reduction.Role: These parameters help in localizing the peak reduction process to minimize the impact on the overall signal quality.8. Feedback Signal:Description: A portion of the output signal from the one or more power amplifiers 105N, typically captured using a feedback loop.Role: This feedback can be used to fine-tune the CFR technique, ensuring that the PAPR reduction is effective and does not introduce significant distortion.

[0030] In an embodiment, the O-DU 101 may receive power amplifier power measurement report from the O-RU 103. The power measurement report from the O-RU 103 may provide feedback related to output power generated by the one or more power amplifiers 105N. The feedback may indicate whether required output power was generated by the one or more power amplifiers 105N. As an example, if the required output power is 20 decibel milliwatts (dBm), the power measurement report may provide the feedback indicating the output power generated by the one or more power amplifiers 105N. In other words, the feedback may indicate whether the required output power is generated. Upon receiving the power amplifier power measurement report, the O-DU 101 may generate power amplifier optimization model based on at least one of power amplifier power measurement report and the one or more capability parameters using an Artificial Intelligence (Al) model. The power amplifier optimization model is associated with the DPD technique and the CFR technique. In some embodiments, the Al model may also consider the one or more DPD input parameters while generating the power amplifier optimization model. In some embodiment, the Al model may also generate one or more DPD output parameters and one or more CFR output parameters which may be used to optimize the power consumption of the one or more power amplifiers 105N. The one or more DPD output parameters and the one or more CFR output parameters are provided below:One or more DPD output parameters:1. Pre-Distorted IQ Data:Description: The modified IQ data that has been pre-distorted to counteract the PA's non-linearities.Role: This data is fed into the DAC, which converts it into an analog signal. The pre distorted signal ensures that the PA's output is linear, with reduced distortion, out-of band emissions, and EVM.2. Control Signals for DAC:Description: Adjustments to the digital-to-analog converter (DAC) settings based on the pre-distorted IQ data.Role: These control signals ensure that the DAC output accurately represents the pre distorted signal, which is crucial for effective DPD.3. Optimized PA Output:Description: The amplified signal from the PA, which has been linearized by the DPD algorithm.Role: The optimized PA output has reduced distortion, out-of-band emissions, EVM, and PAPR, ensuring high-quality transmission and compliance with regulatory requirements. One or more CFR output parameters:1. Crest Factor Reduced IQ Data:Description: The modified IQ data with reduced PAPR.Role: This data is fed into the DAC, which converts it into an analog signal. The reducedPAPR ensures that the PA operates more efficiently and with less distortion.2. Control Signals for DAC (if applicable):Description: Adjustments to the digital-to-analog converter (DAC) settings based on the crest factor reduced IQ data.Role: These control signals ensure that the DAC output accurately represents the crest factor reduced signal, which is crucial for effective CFR.3. Optimized PA Output:Description: The amplified signal from the PA, which has been optimized by the CFR algorithm.2. Role: The optimized PA output has reduced PAPR, which minimizes distortion, out-of band emissions, and EVM, ensuring high-quality transmission and compliance with regulatory requirements.

[0031] Thereafter, the 0-DU 101 may transmit the generated power amplifier optimization model to the O-RU when the DPD unit 201 and the CFR unit 203 is present in the O-RU 103 (as shown in FIG. 2A). The power amplifier optimization model is applied in the O-RU 103 to optimize power consumption of the one or more power amplifiers 105N. In some embodiments, the O-DU 101 may also transmit the one or more DPD output parameters and the one or more CFR output parameters to the O-RU 103.

[0032] Referring to FIG. 2B which illustrates the DPD unit 201 and the CFR unit 203 present in the 0-DU 101. Upon generating power amplifier optimization model, the O-DU 101 may deploy the power amplifier optimization model in the O-DU 101 to generate power amplifier power requirements, as the DPD unit 201 and the CFR unit 203 are present in the O-DU 101. Upon deploying the power amplifier optimization model, the O-DU 101 may transmit the power amplifier power requirements to the O-RU 103. The power amplifier power requirements are applied in the O-RU to optimize power consumption of the one or more power amplifiers 105N.

[0033] FIG. 3A shows an exemplary call flow diagram for optimizing power amplifier energy for enhanced network sustainability, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0034] At step O.a, Service Management and Orchestration (SMO) 107 retrieves capabilities of Open-Radio Access Network Distributed Unit (O-DU) 101. Steps O.b-O.d are illustrated for hierarchical architecture of ORAN. In the hierarchical architecture, the O-DU 101 receives feature capability of one or more power amplifiers 105N in an ORAN Radio Unit (O-RU) 103 which may be advertised by the O-RU 103 (step O.b). Further, step O.c the O-DU 101 receives one or more capability parameters associated with the one or more power amplifiers 105N which may be advertised by the O-RU 103. At step O.d, the SMO 107 may also receive the one or more capability parameters and capabilities of the O-DU 101 and the O-RU 103 to control power for the one or more power amplifiers 105N. In hybrid architecture of the ORAN, the SMO 107, may directly receive the one or more capability parameters from the O-RU 103. At step 1, the SMO 107 may provide power amplifier configuration policy to control power consumption of the one or more power amplifiers 105N. At step 2, the O-DU 101 may Monitor real-time traffic scheduling associated with O-DU 101. Thereafter, at step 3, the O-DU 101 dynamically updates the one or more capability parameters based on the power amplifier configuration policy and the real-time traffic scheduling to optimize power consumption of the one or more power amplifiers. The aspects related to dynamically updating the one or more capability parameters is illustrated in FIG. 3B and FIG. 3C.

[0035] Referring to FIG. 3B, at step 3.1, the O-DU may transmit one or more capability parameters with updated input parameters to the O-RU 103 for power optimization of the one or more power amplifiers 105N. The O-DU may also transmit Digital Pre-Distortion (DPD) and Crest Factor Reduction (CFR) model which may be the power amplifier optimization model tothe O-RU 103. The O-RU 103 applies the one or more capability parameters with the updated input parameters to optimize the power consumption of the one or more power amplifiers 105N (step 3.2). At step 3.3, the O-DU 101 may receive a notification related to configuration status of the one or more power amplifiers 105N. Finally, at step 3.4, the O-DU 101 may receive an acknowledgment or a negative acknowledgement on the configuration status from the O-RU 103.

[0036] FIG. 3C illustrates call flow diagram related to power optimization by controlling Digital Pre-Distortion (DPD) and Crest Factor Reduction (CFR). Steps 4. 1-4.4 illustrates a scenario when DPD unit 201 and CFR unit 203 is present in O-RU 103. Steps 5.1-5.4 illustrates a scenario when DPD unit 201 and CFR unit 203 is present in O-DU 101. At step 4.1, the O-DU may transmit Digital Pre-Distortion (DPD) and Crest Factor Reduction (CFR) model which may be the power amplifier optimization model to the O-RU 103 for power optimization of the one or more power amplifiers 105N. The O-RU 103 deploys the DPD and the CFR model to optimize the power consumption of the one or more power amplifiers 105N (step 4.2). At step 4.3, the O- DU 101 may receive a notification related to configuration status of the one or more power amplifiers 105N. Finally, at step 4.4, the O-DU 101 may receive an acknowledgment or a negative acknowledgement on the configuration status from the O-RU 103.

[0037] Referring to another scenario when the DPD unit 201 and CFR unit 203 is present in O- DU 101. At step 5.1, the O-DU 101 may transmit output upon deploying the Digital PreDistortion (DPD) and Crest Factor Reduction (CFR) model which may be the power amplifier optimization model to the O-RU 103 for power optimization of the one or more power amplifiers 105N. As the DPD unit 201 and the CFR unit 203 is present in O-DU 101. The output upon deploying the DPD and CFR model is transmitted. The O-RU 103 applies the output of the DPD and the CFR model to optimize the power consumption of the one or more power amplifiers 105N (step 5.2). At step 5.3, the O-DU 101 may receive a notification related to configuration status of the one or more power amplifiers 105N. Finally, at step 5.4, the O-DU 101 may receive an acknowledgment or a negative acknowledgement on the configuration status from the O-RU 103.

[0038] FIG. 4 shows a flowchart illustrating a method for optimizing power amplifier energy for enhanced network sustainability, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0039] As illustrated in FIG. 4, the method 400 may include one or more blocks illustrating a method for optimizing power amplifier energy for enhanced network sustainability. The method 400 may be described in the general context of computer executable instructions. Generally, computer executable instructions can include routines, programs, objects, components, data structures, procedures, modules, and functions, which perform specific functions or implement specific abstract data types.

[0040] The order in which the method 400 is described is not intended to be construed as a limitation, and any number of the described method blocks can be combined in any order to implement the method. Additionally, individual blocks may be deleted from the methods without departing from the scope of the subject matter described herein. Furthermore, the method can be implemented in any suitable hardware, software, firmware, or combination thereof.

[0041] At block 401, the method 400 includes receiving, by an Open-Radio Access Network Distributed Unit (0-DU) 101, one or more capability parameters associated with one or more power amplifiers 105N in an ORAN Radio Unit (O-RU) 103. In an embodiment, the one or more capability parameters may include, without limitation, input parameters, an output power, and an estimated power consumption.

[0042] At block 403, the method 400 includes receiving, by the O-DU 101, power amplifier configuration policy to control power consumption of the one or more power amplifiers 105N from a Service Management and Orchestration (SMO) 107.

[0043] At block 405, the method 400 includes monitoring, by the O-DU 101, real-time traffic scheduling associated with O-DU 101.

[0044] At block 407, the method 400 includes dynamically updating, by the O-DU 101, the one or more capability parameters based on the power amplifier configuration policy and the realtime traffic scheduling to optimize power consumption of the one or more power amplifiers 105N. In one embodiment, the O-DU 101 determines a correlation between the real-time traffic scheduling and the one or more capability parameters. Further, the O-DU 101 determines updated values for the one or more capability parameters for each of the one or more power amplifiers 105N based on the correlation. The updated values are transmitted to the O-RU 103 for controlling the output power of the one or more power amplifiers 105N. In an embodiment, theO-DU 101 may be configured to control the output power of the one or more power amplifiers 105N by configuring the updated values for the one or more capability parameters. In another embodiment, the O-DU 101 may be configured to control the output power of the one or more power amplifiers 105N by configuring a control variable to be used by the O-RU 103 to derive the updated values for the one or more capability parameters. In another embodiment, the O-DU 101 is further configured to receive power amplifier power measurement report from the O-RU 103. Further, the O-DU 101 may be configured to generate power amplifier optimization model based on at least one of power amplifier power measurement report and the one or more capability parameters using an Artificial Intelligence (Al) model. The power amplifier optimization model is associated with Digital Pre-Distortion (DPD) and Crest Factor Reduction (CFR). Thereafter, the O-DU 101 transmits the generated power amplifier optimization model to the O-RU 103 when the DPD and the CFR is present in the O-RU 103. The power amplifier optimization model is applied in the O-RU 103 to optimize power consumption of the one or more power amplifiers 105N. In yet another embodiment, the O-DU 101 is further configured to receive power amplifier power measurement report from the O-RU 103. Further, the O-DU 101 may be configured to generate power amplifier optimization model based on at least one of power amplifier power measurement report and the one or more capability parameters using the Al model. The power amplifier optimization model is associated with the DPD and the CFR. Thereafter, the O-DU 101 transmits the transmits power amplifier power requirements generated upon deploying the power amplifier optimization model in the O-DU 101 when the DPD and the CFR are present in the O- DU 101. The power amplifier power requirements are applied in the O-RU 103 to optimize power consumption of the one or more power amplifiers.

[0045] FIG. 5 illustrates an embodiment of an Open-Radio Access Network Distributed Unit (O-DU) 500. As shown in FIG. 5, the O-DU 500 includes processor 502, a memory 504, a storage component 506, an input component 508, an output component 510, a communication interface 512, and a bus 514.

[0046] The processor 502, as used herein, means any type of computational circuit that may comprise hardware elements and software elements. The processor 502 may be embodied as a multi-core processor, a single core processor, or a combination of one or more multi-core processors and / or one or more single core processors, a distributed processing system, or the like. The processor 502 may be a Central Processing Unit (CPU), a Graphics Processing Unit (GPU),an Accelerated Processing Unit (APU), an Application-Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), or another type of processing component.

[0047] Memory 504 includes a non-transitory computer readable medium. Memory 504 includes a Random-Access Memory (RAM), a Read Only Memory (ROM), and / or another type of dynamic or static storage device (e.g., a flash memory, a magnetic memory, and / or an optical memory) that stores information and / or instructions for use by processor 502. The memory 504 comprises machine-readable instructions which are executable by the processor 502. These machine-readable instructions when executed by the processor 502 cause the processor 502 to perform one or more method steps of an embodiment described above.

[0048] Storage component 506 stores information and / or software related to the operation and use of the device 500. For example, storage component 506 may include a hard disk (e.g., a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a magneto-optic disk, and / or a solid-state disk), a compact disc (CD), a digital versatile disc (DVD), a floppy disk, a cartridge, a magnetic tape, and / or another type of non-transitory computer-readable medium, along with a corresponding drive.

[0049] Input component 508 is configured to receive information, such as user input. For example, the input component 508 may include, but not be limited to, a touch screen display, a keyboard, a keypad, a mouse, a button, a switch, and / or a microphone. Additionally, or alternatively, the input component 508 may include a sensor for sensing information (e.g., a Global Positioning System (GPS), an accelerometer, a gyroscope, and / or an actuator).

[0050] Output component 510 is configured to provide output information from the device 500. For example, the output component 510 may be, but not limited to, a display, a speaker, an instruction device to an external device, and / or one or more Light-Emitting Diodes (LEDs).

[0051] Communication interface 512 is an interface that provides a communication connection to other devices, such as external devices and internal devices. The connection by the communication interface 512 can be a wired connection, a wireless connection, or a combination of wired and wireless connections, and can be a direct connection or an indirect connection via a communication network that exists between the device 500 and other devices. In other words, the standard of the communication interface 512 is not limited.

[0052] The bus 514 acts as an interconnect between the processor 502, the memory 504, the storage component 506, the input component 508, the output component 510, and the communication interface 512 of the device 500. The bus 514 may include a wired interconnection or a wireless interconnection.

[0053] The number and arrangement of components shown in FIG. 5 are provided as an example. In practice, O-DU 500 may include additional components, fewer components, different components, or differently arranged components than those shown in FIG. 5. Additionally, or alternatively, a set of components (e.g., one or more components) of device 500 may perform one or more functions described as being performed by another set of components of O-DU 500. Further, one or more method steps described in any of the embodiments may be performed utilizing a plurality of O-DUs 500 in communication with one another.

[0054] Claimable aspects:1. In an embodiment, an Open-Radio Access Network Distributed Unit (O-DU) for optimizing power amplifier energy for enhanced network sustainability is disclosed in an aspect. The O-DU is configured to receive one or more capability parameters associated with one or more power amplifiers in an ORAN Radio Unit (O-RU). Further, the O-DU is configured to receive power amplifier configuration policy to control power consumption of the one or more power amplifiers from a Service Management and Orchestration (SMO). Thereafter, the O-DU is configured to monitor real-time traffic scheduling associated with O-DU. Finally, the O-DU is configured to dynamically update the one or more capability parameters based on the power amplifier configuration policy and the real-time traffic scheduling to optimize power consumption of the one or more power amplifiers.2. In an embodiment, the O-DU as described in preceding aspect 1, wherein to dynamically update the one or more capability parameters, the O-DU is configured to determine a correlation between the real-time traffic scheduling and the one or more capability parameters. Further, the O-DU is configured to determine updated values for the one or more capability parameters for each of the one or more power amplifiers based on the correlation. The updated values are transmitted to the O-RU for controlling the output power of the one or more power amplifiers.3. In an embodiment, the O-DU as described in preceding aspect 1 to 2, wherein to transmit the updated values, the O-DU is configured to control the output power of the one or more poweramplifiers by configuring the updated values for the one or more capability parameters or control the output power of the one or more power amplifiers by configuring a control variable to be used by the O-RU to derive the updated values for the one or more capability parameters.4. In an embodiment, the O-DU as described in preceding aspect 1 to 3, wherein the O-DU is further configured to receive power amplifier power measurement report from the O-RU. Further, the O-DU is configured to generate power amplifier optimization model based on at least one of power amplifier power measurement report and the one or more capability parameters using an Artificial Intelligence (Al) model. The power amplifier optimization model is associated with Digital Pre-Distortion (DPD) and Crest Factor Reduction (CFR). Thereafter, the O-DU is configured to transmit the generated power amplifier optimization model to the O-RU when the DPD and the CFR is present in the O-RU. The power amplifier optimization model is applied in the O-RU to optimize power consumption of the one or more power amplifiers.5. In an embodiment, the O-DU as described in preceding aspect 1 to 4, wherein the O-DU is further configured to receive power amplifier power measurement report from the O-RU. Further, the O-DU is configured to generate power amplifier optimization model based on at least one of power amplifier power measurement report and the one or more capability parameters using an Artificial Intelligence (Al) model. The power amplifier optimization model is associated with Digital Pre-Distortion (DPD) and Crest Factor Reduction (CFR). Thereafter, the O-DU is configured to transmit power amplifier power requirements generated upon deploying the power amplifier optimization model in the O-DU when the DPD and the CFR are present in the O-DU. The power amplifier power requirements are applied in the O-RU to optimize power consumption of the one or more power amplifiers.6. In an embodiment, the O-DU as described in preceding aspect 1 to 5, wherein the one or more capability parameters comprises input parameters, an output power, an estimated power consumption.7. In an embodiment, a method for optimizing power amplifier energy for enhanced network sustainability is disclosed in an aspect. The method includes receiving one or more capability parameters associated with one or more power amplifiers in an ORAN Radio Unit (O-RU). Further, the method includes receiving power amplifier configuration policy to control power consumption of the one or more power amplifiers from a Service Management and Orchestration (SMO). Thereafter, the method includes monitoring real-time traffic scheduling associated with O-DU. Finally, the method includes dynamically updating the one or more capability parametersbased on the power amplifier configuration policy and the real-time traffic scheduling to optimize power consumption of the one or more power amplifiers.8. In an embodiment, the method as described in preceding aspect 7, wherein dynamically updating the one or more capability parameters includes determining a correlation between the real-time traffic scheduling and the one or more capability parameters. Further, the method includes determining updated values for the one or more capability parameters for each of the one or more power amplifiers based on the correlation. The updated values are transmitted to the O-RU for controlling the output power of the one or more power amplifiers.9. In an embodiment, the method as described in preceding aspect 7 to 8, wherein transmitting the updated values includes controlling the output power of the one or more power amplifiers by configuring the updated values for the one or more capability parameters or controlling the output power of the one or more power amplifiers by configuring a control variable to be used by the O-RU to derive the updated values for the one or more capability parameters.10. In an embodiment, the method as described in preceding aspect 7 to 9, wherein the method further includes receiving power amplifier power measurement report from the O-RU. Further, the method includes generating power amplifier optimization model based on at least one of power amplifier power measurement report and the one or more capability parameters using an Artificial Intelligence (Al) model. The power amplifier optimization model is associated with Digital Pre-Distortion (DPD) and Crest Factor Reduction (CFR). Thereafter, the method includes transmitting the generated power amplifier optimization model to the O-RU when the DPD and the CFR is present in the O-RU. The power amplifier optimization model is applied in the O-RU to optimize power consumption of the one or more power amplifiers.11. In an embodiment, the method as described in preceding aspect 7 to 10, wherein the method further includes receiving power amplifier power measurement report from the O-RU. Further, the method includes generating power amplifier optimization model based on at least one of power amplifier power measurement report and the one or more capability parameters using an Artificial Intelligence (Al) model. The power amplifier optimization model is associated with Digital Pre-Distortion (DPD) and Crest Factor Reduction (CFR). Thereafter, the method further includes transmitting power amplifier power requirements generated upon deploying the power amplifier optimization model in the O-DU when the DPD and the CFR are present in the O-DU. The power amplifier power requirements are applied in the O-RU to optimize power consumption of the one or more power amplifiers.12. In an embodiment, the method as described in preceding aspect 7 to 11, wherein the one or more capability parameters comprises input parameters, an output power, an estimated power consumption.13. In an embodiment, a non-transitory computer readable medium for optimizing power amplifier energy for enhanced network sustainability is disclosed in an aspect. The non-transitory computer readable medium including instructions for performing operations including receiving one or more capability parameters associated with one or more power amplifiers in an ORAN Radio Unit (O-RU). Further, the operations includes receiving power amplifier configuration policy to control power consumption of the one or more power amplifiers from a Service Management and Orchestration (SMO). Thereafter, the operations includes monitoring real-time traffic scheduling associated with O-DU. Finally, the operations includes dynamically updating the one or more capability parameters based on the power amplifier configuration policy and the real-time traffic scheduling to optimize power consumption of the one or more power amplifiers.14. In an embodiment, the non-transitory computer readable medium as described in preceding aspect 13, wherein dynamically updating the one or more capability parameters includes determining a correlation between the real-time traffic scheduling and the one or more capability parameters. Further, the operations includes determining updated values for the one or more capability parameters for each of the one or more power amplifiers based on the correlation. The updated values are transmitted to the O-RU for controlling the output power of the one or more power amplifiers.15. In an embodiment, the non-transitory computer readable medium as described in preceding aspect 13 to 14, wherein transmitting the updated values includes controlling the output power of the one or more power amplifiers by configuring the updated values for the one or more capability parameters or controlling the output power of the one or more power amplifiers by configuring a control variable to be used by the O-RU to derive the updated values for the one or more capability parameters.16. In an embodiment, the non-transitory computer readable medium as described in preceding aspect 13 to 15, wherein the operations further includes receiving power amplifier power measurement report from the O-RU. Further, the operations includes generating power amplifier optimization model based on at least one of power amplifier power measurement report and the one or more capability parameters using an Artificial Intelligence (Al) model. The power amplifier optimization model is associated with Digital Pre-Distortion (DPD) and Crest FactorReduction (CFR). Thereafter, the operations includes transmitting the generated power amplifier optimization model to the O-RU when the DPD and the CFR is present in the O-RU. The power amplifier optimization model is applied in the O-RU to optimize power consumption of the one or more power amplifiers.17. In an embodiment, the non-transitory computer readable medium as described in preceding aspect 13 to 16, wherein the operations further includes receiving power amplifier power measurement report from the O-RU. Further, the operations includes generating power amplifier optimization model based on at least one of power amplifier power measurement report and the one or more capability parameters using an Artificial Intelligence (Al) model. The power amplifier optimization model is associated with Digital Pre-Distortion (DPD) and Crest Factor Reduction (CFR). Thereafter, the operations further includes transmitting power amplifier power requirements generated upon deploying the power amplifier optimization model in the O-DU when the DPD and the CFR are present in the O-DU. The power amplifier power requirements are applied in the O-RU to optimize power consumption of the one or more power amplifiers.18. In an embodiment, the non-transitory computer readable medium as described in preceding aspect 13 to 17, wherein the one or more capability parameters comprises input parameters, an output power, an estimated power consumption.

Claims

WE CLAIM:

1. An Open-Radio Access Network Distributed Unit (O-DU) configured to: receive one or more capability parameters associated with one or more power amplifiers in an ORAN Radio Unit (O-RU); receive power amplifier configuration policy to control power consumption of the one or more power amplifiers from a Service Management and Orchestration (SMO); monitor real-time traffic scheduling associated with O-DU; and dynamically update the one or more capability parameters based on the power amplifier configuration policy and the real-time traffic scheduling to optimize power consumption of the one or more power amplifiers.

2. The O-DU as claimed in claim 1, wherein to dynamically update the one or more capability parameters, the O-DU is configured to: determine a correlation between the real-time traffic scheduling and the one or more capability parameters; and determine updated values for the one or more capability parameters for each of the one or more power amplifiers based on the correlation, wherein the updated values are transmitted to the O-RU for controlling the output power of the one or more power amplifiers.

3. The O-DU as claimed in claim 2, wherein to transmit the updated values, the O-DU is configured to: control the output power of the one or more power amplifiers by configuring the updated values for the one or more capability parameters; or control the output power of the one or more power amplifiers by configuring a control variable to be used by the O-RU to derive the updated values for the one or more capability parameters.

4. The O-DU as claimed in claim 1, wherein the O-DU is further configured to: receive power amplifier power measurement report from the O-RU; generate power amplifier optimization model based on at least one of power amplifier power measurement report and the one or more capability parameters using an Artificial Intelligence (Al) model, wherein the power amplifier optimization model is associated with Digital Pre-Distortion (DPD) and Crest Factor Reduction (CFR); andtransmit the generated power amplifier optimization model to the O-RU when the DPD and the CFR is present in the O-RU, wherein the power amplifier optimization model is applied in the O-RU to optimize power consumption of the one or more power amplifiers.

5. The O-DU as claimed in claim 1, wherein the O-DU is further configured to: receive power amplifier power measurement report from the O-RU; generate power amplifier optimization model based on at least one of power amplifier power measurement report and the one or more capability parameters using an Artificial Intelligence (Al) model, wherein the power amplifier optimization model is associated with Digital Pre-Distortion (DPD) and Crest Factor Reduction (CFR); and transmit power amplifier power requirements generated upon deploying the power amplifier optimization model in the O-DU when the DPD and the CFR are present in the O-DU, wherein the power amplifier power requirements are applied in the O-RU to optimize power consumption of the one or more power amplifiers.

6. The O-DU as claimed in claim 1, wherein the one or more capability parameters comprises input parameters, an output power, and an estimated power consumption.

7. A method comprising: receiving one or more capability parameters associated with one or more power amplifiers in an ORAN Radio Unit (O-RU); receiving power amplifier configuration policy to control power consumption of the one or more power amplifiers from a Service Management and Orchestration (SMO); monitoring real-time traffic scheduling associated with O-DU; and dynamically updating the one or more capability parameters based on the power amplifier configuration policy and the real-time traffic scheduling to optimize power consumption of the one or more power amplifiers.

8. The method as claimed in claim 7, wherein dynamically updating the one or more capability parameters comprises: determining a correlation between the real-time traffic scheduling and the one or more capability parameters; anddetermining updated values for the one or more capability parameters for each of the one or more power amplifiers based on the correlation, wherein the updated values are transmitted to the O-RU for controlling the output power of the one or more power amplifiers.

9. The method as claimed in claim 8, wherein transmitting the updated values, the method comprises: controlling the output power of the one or more power amplifiers by configuring the updated values for the one or more capability parameters; or controlling the output power of the one or more power amplifiers by configuring a control variable to be used by the O-RU to derive the updated values for the one or more capability parameters.

10. The method as claimed in claim 7, wherein the method further comprises: receiving power amplifier power measurement report from the O-RU; generating power amplifier optimization model based on at least one of power amplifier power measurement report and the one or more capability parameters using an Artificial Intelligence (Al) model, wherein the power amplifier optimization model is associated with Digital Pre-Distortion (DPD) and Crest Factor Reduction (CFR); and transmitting the generated power amplifier optimization model to the O-RU when the DPD and the CFR is present in the O-RU, wherein the power amplifier optimization model is applied in the O-RU to optimize power consumption of the one or more power amplifiers.

11. The method as claimed in claim 7, further comprises: receiving power amplifier power measurement report from the O-RU; generating power amplifier optimization model based on at least one of power amplifier power measurement report and the one or more capability parameters using an Artificial Intelligence (Al) model, wherein the power amplifier optimization model is associated with Digital Pre-Distortion (DPD) and Crest Factor Reduction (CFR); and transmitting power amplifier power requirements generated upon deploying the power amplifier optimization model in the O-DU when the DPD and the CFR are present in the O-DU, wherein the power amplifier power requirements are applied in the O-RU to optimize power consumption of the one or more power amplifiers.

12. The method as claimed in claim 7, wherein the one or more capability parameters comprises input parameters, an output power, and an estimated power consumption.

13. A non-transitory computer readable medium including instructions stored thereon that when processed by at least one processor, cause an apparatus to perform operations comprising: receiving one or more capability parameters associated with one or more power amplifiers in an ORAN Radio Unit (O-RU); receiving power amplifier configuration policy to control power consumption of the one or more power amplifiers from a Service Management and Orchestration (SMO); monitoring real-time traffic scheduling associated with O-DU; and dynamically updating the one or more capability parameters based on the power amplifier configuration policy and the real-time traffic scheduling to optimize power consumption of the one or more power amplifiers.

14. The non-transitory computer readable medium as claimed in claim 13, wherein dynamically updating the one or more capability parameters comprises: determining a correlation between the real-time traffic scheduling and the one or more capability parameters; and determining updated values for the one or more capability parameters for each of the one or more power amplifiers based on the correlation, wherein the updated values are transmitted to the O-RU for controlling the output power of the one or more power amplifiers.

15. The non-transitory computer readable medium as claimed in claim 14, wherein transmitting the updated values, the non-transitory computer readable medium comprises: controlling the output power of the one or more power amplifiers by configuring the updated values for the one or more capability parameters; or controlling the output power of the one or more power amplifiers by configuring a control variable to be used by the O-RU to derive the updated values for the one or more capability parameters.

16. The non-transitory computer readable medium as claimed in claim 13, wherein the non- transitory computer readable medium further comprises: receiving power amplifier power measurement report from the O-RU;generating power amplifier optimization model based on at least one of power amplifier power measurement report and the one or more capability parameters using an Artificial Intelligence (Al) model, wherein the power amplifier optimization model is associated with Digital Pre-Distortion (DPD) and Crest Factor Reduction (CFR); and transmitting the generated power amplifier optimization model to the O-RU when the DPD and the CFR is present in the O-RU, wherein the power amplifier optimization model is applied in the O-RU to optimize power consumption of the one or more power amplifiers.

17. The non-transitory computer readable medium as claimed in claim 13, further comprises: receiving power amplifier power measurement report from the O-RU; generating power amplifier optimization model based on at least one of power amplifier power measurement report and the one or more capability parameters using an Artificial Intelligence (Al) model, wherein the power amplifier optimization model is associated with Digital Pre-Distortion (DPD) and Crest Factor Reduction (CFR); and transmitting power amplifier power requirements generated upon deploying the power amplifier optimization model in the O-DU when the DPD and the CFR are present in the O-DU, wherein the power amplifier power requirements are applied in the O-RU to optimize power consumption of the one or more power amplifiers.

18. The non-transitory computer readable medium as claimed in claim 13, wherein the one or more capability parameters comprises input parameters, an output power, and an estimated power consumption.

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