On limits for gradual timing adjustments for carrier aggregation
By controlling gradual timing adjustments based on MTTD calculations, the UE ensures compliance with network timing requirements, preventing failures and maintaining effective communication.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- PCT/CN2024/108137
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-07-29
- Publication Date
- 2026-02-05
AI Technical Summary
Wireless communication networks face challenges in ensuring that gradual timing adjustments for user equipment (UE) do not violate Maximum Transmission Time Difference (MTTD) requirements, leading to potential failures in UE operations.
Implementing a mechanism for user equipment (UE) to determine and apply gradual transmission timing adjustments only when the calculated Maximum Transmission Time Difference (MTTD) meets specific requirements, thereby preventing violations of MTTD thresholds.
Ensures that gradual timing adjustments are applied in a controlled manner, preventing MTTD failures and maintaining network compliance with established timing standards.
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Figure CN2024108137_05022026_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
On Limits for Gradual Timing Adjustments for Carrier AggregationTechnical Field
[0001] The present disclosure generally relates to wireless communication, and in particular, to on limits for gradual timing adjustments for carrier aggregation.Background
[0002] Wireless communication networks provide integrated communication platforms and telecommunication services to wireless user devices. Example telecommunication services include telephony, data (e.g., voice, audio, and / or video data) , messaging, internet-access, and / or other services. The wireless communication networks have wireless network nodes that exchange wireless signals with the wireless user devices using wireless network protocols, such as protocols described in various telecommunication standards promulgated by the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) . Example wireless communication networks include code division multiple access (CDMA) networks, time division multiple access (TDMA) networks, frequency-division multiple access (FDMA) networks, orthogonal frequency-division multiple access (OFDMA) networks, Long Term Evolution (LTE) , and Fifth Generation New Radio (5G NR) .
[0003] In wireless communication networks, transmissions from multiple user equipment (UEs) may need to be time aligned at a network node. One mechanism that may be used for this is gradual timing adjustments; when a transmission timing error between a UE and a reference timing signal exceeds a certain threshold (+ / -T) , then the UE adjusts the timing such that the timing error is within the threshold (+ / -T) . However, the UE also has to meet Maximum Transmission Time Difference (MTTD) requirements for pairs of cells. The UE may exceed the MTTD requirements with multiple gradual timing adjustments. It would be beneficial to have a mechanism to make sure that the gradual timing adjustments do not cause the UE to fail the MTTD requirements.Summary
[0004] Some example embodiments are related to an apparatus having processing circuitry configured to determine a gradual transmission timing adjustment is available, calculate a maximum transmission timing difference (MTTD) between a timing for a primary timing advance group (pTAG) and a reference timing for a secondary TAG (sTAG) with the calculated gradual timing adjustment, determine whether the calculated MTTD meets a MTTD requirement for one or more pairs of cells in the pTAG and the sTAG, apply the gradual transmission timing adjustment when the calculated MTTD meets the MTTD requirement or refrain from applying the gradual transmission timing adjustment when the calculated MTTD does not meet the MTTD requirement.
[0005] Other example embodiments are related a user equipment (UE) having a transceiver configured to communicate with a network and a processor communicatively coupled to the transceiver. The processor is to determine a gradual transmission timing adjustment is available for the UE, calculate a maximum transmission timing difference (MTTD) between a timing for a primary timing advance group (pTAG) and a reference timing for a secondary TAG (sTAG) , determine whether the calculated MTTD meets a MTTD requirement for one or more pairs of cells in the pTAG and the sTAG for the UE, apply the gradual transmission timing adjustment for the UE when the calculated MTTD meets the MTTD requirement or refrain from applying the gradual transmission timing adjustment for the UE when the calculated MTTD does not meet the MTTD requirement.Brief Description of the Drawings
[0006] Fig. 1 shows an example network arrangement according to various example embodiments.
[0007] Fig. 2 shows an example user equipment (UE) according to various example embodiments.
[0008] Fig. 3 shows an example base station according to various example embodiments.
[0009] Fig. 4 shows an example flow diagram of an example method of how a UE checks a calculated Maximum Transmission Time Difference (MTTD) to see if the UE should apply a gradual timing adjustment according to various example embodiments.Detailed Description
[0010] The example embodiments may be further understood with reference to the following description and the related appended drawings, wherein like elements are provided with the same reference numerals. The example embodiments relate to placing limits on user equipment (UE) autonomous gradual timing adjustments in New Radio (NR) Carrier Aggregation (CA) systems, to be described in greater detail below. Specifically, the example embodiments describe gradual timing adjustments and when to limit such gradual timing adjustments.
[0011] The example embodiments are described with regard to a UE. However, reference to a UE is merely provided for illustrative purposes. The example embodiments may be utilized with any electronic component that may establish a connection to a network and is configured with the hardware, software, and / or firmware to exchange information and data with the network. Therefore, the UE as described herein is used to represent any appropriate type of electronic component.
[0012] The example embodiments are also described with reference to a 5G New Radio (NR) network. However, the example embodiments may also be implemented in other types of networks, including but not limited to legacy networks or future evolutions of the cellular protocol (e.g., 6G networks) capable of performing wireless operations. This may include terrestrial networks, non-terrestrial networks, geosynchronous networks, non-geosynchronous networks, etc., and is particularly useful in any networks that may apply gradual timing adjustments.
[0013] A UE may be configured to correct transmission timing errors between the UE and a cell (e.g., a gNB) . The example embodiments are described with reference to a method of gradual timing adjustments and when to limit such gradual timing adjustments.
[0014] Fig. 1 shows an example network arrangement 100 according to various example embodiments. The example network arrangement 100 includes a UE 110. The UE 110 may be any type of electronic component that is configured to communicate via a network, e.g., mobile phones, tablet computers, desktop computers, smartphones, phablets, embedded devices, wearables, Internet of Things (IoT) devices, etc. An actual network arrangement may include any number of UEs being used by any number of users. Thus, the example of a single UE 110 is merely provided for illustrative purposes.
[0015] The UE 110 may be configured to communicate with one or more networks. In the example of the network configuration 100, the network with which the UE 110 may wirelessly communicate is a 5G NR radio access network (RAN) 120. However, the UE 110 may also communicate with other types of networks (e.g., sixth generation (6G) RAN, 5G cloud RAN, a next generation RAN (NG-RAN) , a long-term evolution (LTE) RAN, a legacy cellular network, a wireless local area network (WLAN) , etc. ) and the UE 110 may also communicate with networks over a wired connection. With regard to the example embodiments, the UE 110 may establish a connection with the 5G NR RAN 120. Therefore, the UE 110 may have at least a 5G NR chipset to communicate with the 5G NR RAN 120. The UE 110 may also have other chipsets to communicate with other types of RANs, e.g., LTE chipset, ISM chipset, etc.
[0016] The 5G NR RAN 120 may be a portion of a cellular network that may be deployed by a network carrier (e.g., Verizon, AT&T, T-Mobile, etc. ) . The 5G NR RAN 120 may include base stations or access nodes (Node Bs, eNodeBs, HeNBs, eNBS, gNBs, gNodeBs, macrocells, microcells, small cells, femtocells, etc. ) that are configured to send and receive traffic from UEs that are equipped with the appropriate cellular chip set. As used herein, the term “base station, ” “access node, ” “access point, ” or the like may describe equipment that provides the radio baseband functions for data and / or voice connectivity between a network and one or more users. These access nodes may be referred to as BS, gNBs, RAN nodes, eNBs, NodeBs, RSUs, TRxPs or TRPs, and so forth, and may comprise ground stations (e.g., terrestrial access points) or satellite stations providing coverage within a geographic area (e.g., a cell) . In fact, in some embodiments, a UE, such as UE 110 described herein, may function as an access point. In one example, the 5G NR RAN 120 includes the gNB 120A. However, reference to a gNB is merely provided for illustrative purposes, any appropriate base station or cell may be deployed (e.g., Node Bs, eNodeBs, HeNBs, eNBs, gNBs, gNodeBs, macrocells, microcells, small cells, femtocells, etc. ) .
[0017] In the network arrangement 100, the 5G NR RAN 120 deploys a gNB 120A. The gNB 120A may be configured with multiple TRPs. Each TRP may represent one or more components configured to transmit and / or receive a signal. In some embodiments, multiple TRPs may be deployed locally at the gNB 120A. In other embodiments, multiple TRPs may be distributed at different locations and connected to the gNB 120A via a backhaul connection. For example, multiple small cells may be deployed at different locations and connected to the gNB 120A. However, these examples are merely provided for illustrative purposes. TRPs are configured to be adaptable to a wide variety of different conditions and deployment scenarios. Thus, any reference to a TRP being a particular network component or multiple TRPs being deployed in a particular arrangement is merely provided for illustrative purposes. The TRPs described herein may represent any type of network component configured to transmit and / or receive a beam.
[0018] Any association procedure may be performed for the UE 110 to connect to the 5G NR RAN 120. For example, as discussed above, the 5G NR RAN 120 may be associated with a particular network carrier where the UE 110 and / or the user thereof has a contract and credential information (e.g., stored on a SIM card) . Upon detecting the presence of the 5G NR RAN 120, the UE 110 may transmit the corresponding credential information to associate with the 5G NR RAN 120. More specifically, the UE 110 may associate with a specific cell (e.g., the gNB 120A) .
[0019] The network arrangement 100 also includes a cellular core network 130, the Internet 140, an IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) 150, and a network services backbone 160. The cellular core network 130 manages the traffic that flows between the cellular network and the Internet 140. The IMS 150 may be generally described as an architecture for delivering multimedia services to the UE 110 using the IP protocol. The IMS 150 may communicate with the cellular core network 130 and the Internet 140 to provide the multimedia services to the UE 110. The network services backbone 160 is in communication either directly or indirectly with the Internet 140 and the cellular core network 130. The network services backbone 160 may be generally described as a set of components (e.g., servers, network storage arrangements, etc. ) that implement a suite of services that may be used to extend the functionalities of the UE 110 in communication with the various networks.
[0020] Fig. 2 shows an example UE 110 according to various example embodiments. The UE 110 will be described with regard to the network arrangement 100 of Fig. 1. The UE 110 may represent any electronic device and may include a processor 205, a memory arrangement 210, a display device 215, an input / output (I / O) device 220, a transceiver 225, and other components 230. The other components 230 may include, for example, an audio input device, an audio output device, a battery that provides a limited power supply, a data acquisition device, ports to electrically connect the UE 110 to other electronic devices, sensors to detect conditions of the UE 110, etc.
[0021] The processor 205 may be configured to execute a plurality of engines for the UE 110. For example, the engines may include a timing adjustment engine 235 for performing operations including determining a gradual time adjustment and when to apply such gradual time adjustment. These operations will be described in greater detail below.
[0022] The above referenced engine being an application (e.g., a program) executed by the processor 205 is only an example. The functionality associated with the engines may also be represented as a separate incorporated component of the UE 110 or may be a modular component coupled to the UE 110, e.g., an integrated circuit with or without firmware. For example, the integrated circuit may include input circuitry to receive signals and processing circuitry to process the signals and other information. The engines may also be embodied as one application or separate applications. In addition, in some UEs, the functionality described for the processor 205 is split among two or more processors such as a baseband processor and an applications processor. The example embodiments may be implemented in any of these or other configurations of a UE.
[0023] The memory arrangement 210 may be a hardware component configured to store data related to operations performed by the UE 110. The display device 215 may be a hardware component configured to show data to a user while the I / O device 220 may be a hardware component that enables the user to enter inputs. The display device 215 and the I / O device 220 may be separate components or integrated together such as a touchscreen. The transceiver 225 may be a hardware component configured to establish a connection with the 5G NR-RAN 120, an LTE-RAN (not pictured) , a legacy RAN (not pictured) , a WLAN (not pictured) , etc. Accordingly, the transceiver 225 may operate on a variety of different frequencies or channels (e.g., set of consecutive frequencies) . For example, the transceiver 225 may operate on the unlicensed spectrum when e.g., NR-U is configured.
[0024] The transceiver 225 includes circuitry configured to transmit and / or receive signals (e.g., control signals, data signals) . Such signals may be encoded with information implementing any one of the methods described herein. The processor 205 may be operably coupled to the transceiver 225 and configured to receive from and / or transmit signals to the transceiver 225. The processor 205 may be configured to encode and / or decode signals (e.g., signaling from a base station of a network) for implementing any one of the methods described herein.
[0025] Fig. 3 shows an example base station 300 according to various example embodiments. The base station 300 may represent the gNB 120A or any other type of access node through which the UE 110 may establish a connection and manage network operations. As used herein, the term “base station” may also refer to an “access node, ” “access point, ” or the like and may describe equipment that provides the radio baseband functions for data and / or voice connectivity between a network and one or more users. These base stations and access nodes may be referred to as BS, gNB s, RAN nodes, eNBs, NodeBs, RSUs, TRxPs or TRPs, and so forth, and may comprise ground stations (e.g., terrestrial access points) or satellite stations providing coverage within a geographic area (e.g., a cell) .
[0026] The base station 300 may include a processor 305, a memory arrangement 310, an input / output (I / O) device 315, a transceiver 320, other components 325, and multiple TRPs 330. The other components 325 may include, for example, an audio input device, an audio output device, a battery, a data acquisition device, ports to electrically connect the base station 300 to other electronic devices and / or power sources, TxRUs, transceiver chains, antenna elements, antenna panels, etc.
[0027] As indicated above, in some scenarios, the multiple TRPs 330 may be deployed locally at the base station 300. In other scenarios, one or more of the multiple TRPs 330 may be deployed at physical locations remote from the base station 300 and connected to the base station via a backhaul connection. The base station 300 may be configured to control the multiple TRPs 330 and perform operations such as, but not limited to, assigning resources, configuring reference signals, implementing beam management techniques, etc.
[0028] The processor 305 may be configured to execute a plurality of engines of the base station 300. For example, the engines may include a timing adjustment engine 335 that may perform operations related to gradual timing adjustments for a UE and when to apply such gradual timing adjustments. These operations will be described in greater detail below.
[0029] The above noted engine 335 being an application (e.g., a program) executed by the processor 305 is only an example. The functionality associated with the engine 335 may also be represented as a separate incorporated component of the base station 300 or may be a modular component coupled to the base station 300, e.g., an integrated circuit with or without firmware. For example, the integrated circuit may include input circuitry to receive signals and processing circuitry to process the signals and other information. In addition, in some base stations, the functionality described for the processor 305 is split among a plurality of processors (e.g., a baseband processor, an applications processor, etc. ) . The example embodiments may be implemented in any of these or other configurations of a base station.
[0030] The memory 310 may be a hardware component configured to store data related to operations performed by the base station 300. The I / O device 315 may be a hardware component or ports that enable a user to interact with the base station 300.
[0031] The transceiver 320 may be a hardware component configured to exchange data with the UE 110 and any other UEs in the network arrangement 100. The transceiver 320 may operate on a variety of different frequencies or channels (e.g., set of consecutive frequencies) . Therefore, the transceiver 320 may include one or more components (e.g., radios) to enable the data exchange with the various networks and UEs. The transceiver 320 includes circuitry configured to transmit and / or receive signals (e.g., control signals, data signals) . Such signals may be encoded with information implementing any one of the methods described herein. The processor 305 may be operably coupled to the transceiver 320 and configured to receive from and / or transmit signals to the transceiver 320. The processor 305 may be configured to encode and / or decode signals (e.g., signaling from a UE) for implementing any one of the methods described herein.
[0032] As previously mentioned, transmissions from multiple user equipment (UEs) need to be time aligned at the network node. This means that the transmit timing of the UEs should be adjusted to ensure that their transmitted signals arrive at the network node at the same time. When UEs are located at different distances from the network node, the UEs may need to initiate their UL transmissions at different times, which may be handled by a Timing Advance (TA) of the UL transmission from different UEs. That is, a UE may start its UL transmission before a nominal time given by the timing of the DL signal that was received by the UE. In 3GPP, it is currently assumed that serving cells sharing the same timing advance value, e.g., depending on the deployment, will be configured by the network node to belong to a timing advance group, also referred to as a TAG. There may be a primary TAG (pTAG) and a secondary TAG (sTAG) .
[0033] One mechanism that may be used is gradual timing adjustments. When a transmission timing error between a UE and a reference timing signal exceeds a certain threshold (+ / -Te) , then the UE adjusts the timing such that the timing error is within the threshold (+ / -Te) . ) . The reference timing may be:
[0034] (NTA + NTA offset) x Tc before the downlink timing of the reference cell, where NTA offset is based on a frequency range and band for uplink transmission and Tc is a constant value defined, for example, by standards (e.g., 3GPP Technical Specification) .
[0035] All adjustments made to the UE uplink timing may follow these rules: 1) the maximum amount of the magnitude of the timing change in one adjustment is Tq; 2) the minimum aggregate adjustment rate is Tp per second; and 3) the maximum aggregate timing adjustment rate is Tq per 200 milliseconds (ms) for subcarrier spacing (SCS) of UL signals smaller than or equal to 120 KiloHertz (KHz) and 100 ms for SCS of UL signal larger than or equal to 480 KHz, where the maximum autonomous time adjustment step Tq and the aggregate adjustment rate Tp may be specified by the network or in a standard.
[0036] The UE uses the same reference timing for cells in a pTAG and same reference timing for cells in a sTAG. However, prior to the current disclosure, there are no requirements on when the gradual timing adjustments may be performed. The gradual timing adjustment is applied to cells in pTAG and cells in sTAG independently. However, the UE also has to meet Maximum Transmission Time Difference (MTTD) requirements for pairs of cells in pTAG and sTAG.
[0037] There are minimum MTTD requirements for a UE in NR Carrier Aggregation. The UE may need to be capable of at least a relative transmission timing difference between slot timing of all pairs of TAGs in FR1 and FR2 as shown in Table 1 below, provided the UE is configured with the pTAG and the sTAG for inter-band NR CA in standalone (SA) or NR-DC (NR Dual Connectivity) mode, or is configured with more than one sTAG for interband NR CA in evolved universal terrestrial radio access network new radio-dual connectivity (EN-DC) or Next-Generation Radio Area Network (NG-RAN) supported E-UTRA-NR DC (NE-DC) mode. The UE may need to be capable of handling at least a relative transmission timing difference between subframe timing of all pairs of TAGs between Frequency Range 1 (FR1) and FR2-2 as shown in Table 1, provided the UE is configured with the pTAG and the sTAG for inter-band NR CA in standalone (SA) or NR-DC mode. For FR-1 intra-band non-contiguous NR CA, the UE may need to be capable of handling at least a relative transmission timing difference as shown in Table 1, between slot timing of all FR1 pairs of TAGs provided that the UE indicates that it is capable of intraBandNR-CA-non-collated-r18 and non-collatedTypeNR-CA-r18 is not provided.
[0038] Table 1:
[0039] Maximum uplink transmission timing difference requirement for inter-band NR carrier aggregation
[0040] The gradual timing adjustment is applied to cells in pTAG and cells in sTAG independently. However, the UE needs to meet the MTTD requirements in CA. The UE may exceed the MTTD requirements with multiple gradual timing adjustments.
[0041] One way to make sure that the gradual timing adjustments do not cause the UE to fail the MTTD requirements is to limit the gradual timing adjustment based on a calculated MTTD. While the UE is adjusting the timing by gradual timing adjustments, the UE may check to see if the UE meets the MTTD with the reference timing for pTAG and sTAG. If a maximum MTTD is exceeded, then the UE does not apply any gradual timing adjustments. If the maximum MTTD is not exceeded, then the UE may apply the gradual timing adjustment for the UL communication.
[0042] Fig. 4 shows an example flow diagram of an example method of how a UE checks a calculated MTTD to see if the UE should apply a gradual timing adjustment according to various example embodiments. In the method 400 of Fig. 4, the UE calculates a timing error for cells in the pTAG (410) . The UE then determines whether the transmission error between the UE and the reference timing exceeds a threshold ±Te (420) , i.e., is a gradual timing adjustment indicated. If the transmission error between the UE and the reference timing does not exceed the threshold ±Te, then the UE may transmit the uplink (UL) transmission with the current UL timing (430) . If the transmission error between the UE and the reference timing does exceed the threshold ±Te, indicating a gradual timing adjustment would normally be applied, the UE will calculate new UL timing with a gradual timing adjustment (440) . However, the gradual timing adjustment is not immediately applied. Instead, the UE will calculate the MTTD using the reference timing for the sTAG (450) . The UE will then determine whether the calculated MTTD meets the MTTD requirements (460) . If not, the UE will not apply the gradual timing adjustment, and will transmit the UL transmission with the current UL timing (470) . If the calculated MTTD meets the MTTD requirements, then the UE will apply the gradual timing adjustment (480) . The UE may then go back to 420 and calculate the transmission timing error and go through the loop again.
[0043] The limits on the application of the gradual timing adjustments discussed above are applicable to all pairs of cells in which the MTTD requirements apply. This includes where the UE is configured with the pTAG and the sTAG for inter-band NR carrier aggregation in SA or NR-DC mode. In this situation, the UE may check between the pTAG and the sTAG. The limits also apply where the UE is configured with more than one sTAG for inter-band NR carrier aggregation in EN-DC or NE-DC mode. In this situation, the UE will check between one sTAG and the other sTAGs.
[0044] The timing difference and MTTD calculations discussed herein are only examples and an actual scenario may have different values for the various parameters. In addition, the above calculations may use a certain rounding error and significant digits in the calculations, other rounding errors and significant digits may result in slightly different values.
[0045] Also, the above examples do not provide specific values for the Tp / Tq design. Any values may be defined for the Tp / Tq design.
[0046] Examples
[0047] In a first example, a method, comprising determining a gradual transmission timing adjustment is available, calculating a maximum transmission timing difference (MTTD) between a timing for a primary timing advance group (pTAG) and a reference timing for a secondary TAG (sTAG) with the calculated gradual timing adjustment, determining whether the calculated MTTD meets a MTTD requirement for one or more pairs of cells in the pTAG and the sTAG, applying the gradual transmission timing adjustment when the calculated MTTD meets the MTTD requirement or refraining from applying the gradual transmission timing adjustment when the calculated MTTD does not meet the MTTD requirement.
[0048] In a second example, the method of the first example, further comprising preparing an uplink (UL) transmission with a current UL timing without applying the gradual transmission timing adjustment when the calculated MTTD does not meet the MTTD requirement.
[0049] In a third example, the method of the first example, wherein determining whether the gradual transmission timing adjustment is needed is based on calculating a transmission timing error for one or more cells in the pTAG or sTAG and determining whether a difference between the calculated transmission timing error and a reference timing exceeds a timing error threshold.
[0050] In a fourth example, the method of the third example, wherein the reference timing is (NTA + NTA offset) x Tc before the downlink timing of the reference cell, where NTA offset is based on a frequency range and band for uplink transmission and Tc is a predetermined value.
[0051] In a fifth example, the method of the third example, further comprising preparing an uplink (UL) transmission with a current UL timing when the difference between the calculated transmission timing error and the reference timing does not exceed the timing error threshold.
[0052] In a sixth example, the method of the third example, further comprising calculating a new UL timing with the gradual timing adjustment when the difference between the calculated transmission timing error and the reference timing exceeds the timing error threshold.
[0053] In a seventh example, the method of the first example, further comprising determining whether the calculated MTTD meets the MTTD requirement by determining whether a maximum MTTD is exceeded.
[0054] In an eighth example, the method of the first example, wherein the gradual timing adjustment comprises a maximum autonomous time adjustment step (Tq) , a minimum aggregate adjustment rate (Tp) and a maximum aggregate timing adjustment rate of Tq per 200 milliseconds (ms) for subcarrier spacing (SCS) of UL signals smaller than or equal to 120 KiloHertz (KHz) and 100 ms for SCS of UL signal larger than or equal to 480 KHz.
[0055] In a ninth example, the method of the eighth example, wherein the maximum autonomous time adjustment step Tq and the minimum aggregate adjustment rate Tp is pre-specified and communicated by a network via configuration information.
[0056] In a tenth example, the method of the first example, wherein the apparatus communicates with a New Radio Carrier Aggregation (NR CA) communications system.
[0057] In an eleventh example, the method of the first example, wherein the MTTD requirement is that the MTTD not exceed 34.6 microseconds when a frequency range of a pair of TAGs is frequency range FR1, 8.5 microseconds when the frequency range of the pair of TAGs is frequency range FR2-1 and independent beam management is used for FR2-1 inter-band carrier aggregation and 26.1 microseconds when the frequency range of the pair of TAGs is between FR1 and FR2-1 or is between FR1 and FR2-2.
[0058] In a twelfth example, the method of the first example, further comprising applying the gradual timing adjustment to all pairs of cells in which the MTTD requirement applies.
[0059] In a thirteenth example, the method of the twelfth, example, wherein the pTAG and the sTAG are configured for inter-band new radio carrier aggregation (NR CA) in standalone (SA) mode or NR Dual Connectivity (NR-DC) mode.
[0060] In a fourteenth example, the method of the twelfth, example, wherein more than one sTAG is configured for inter-band NR carrier aggregation in evolved universal terrestrial radio access network new radio-dual connectivity (EN-DC) mode or Next-Generation Radio Area Network (NG-RAN) supported E-UTRA-NR DC (NE-DC) mode.
[0061] In a fifteenth example, a processor configured to perform any of the methods of the first through fourteenth examples.
[0062] In a sixteenth example, a processor configured to perform any of the methods of the first through fourteenth examples.
[0063] Those skilled in the art will understand that the above-described example embodiments may be implemented in any suitable software or hardware configuration or combination thereof. An example hardware platform for implementing the example embodiments may include, for example, an Intel x86 based platform with compatible operating system, a Windows OS, a Mac platform and MAC OS, a mobile device having an operating system such as iOS, Android, etc. In a further example, the example embodiments of the above-described method may be embodied as a program containing lines of code stored on a non-transitory computer readable storage medium that, when compiled, may be executed on a processor or microprocessor.
[0064] In some embodiments, a non-transitory computer-readable memory medium (e.g., a non-transitory memory element) may be configured so that it stores program instructions and / or data, where the program instructions, if executed by a computer system, cause the computer system to perform a method, e.g., any of a method embodiments described herein, or, any combination of the method embodiments described herein, or, any subset of any of the method embodiments described herein, or, any combination of such subsets.
[0065] In some embodiments, a device (e.g., a UE) may be configured to include a processor (or a set of processors) and a memory medium (or memory element) , where the memory medium stores program instructions, where the processor is configured to read and execute the program instructions from the memory medium, where the program instructions are executable to implement any of the various method embodiments described herein (or, any combination of the method embodiments described herein, or, any subset of any of the method embodiments described herein, or, any combination of such subsets) . The device may be realized in any of various forms.
[0066] Embodiments of the present invention may be realized in any of various forms. For example, in some embodiments, the present invention may be realized as a computer-implemented method, a computer-readable memory medium, or a computer system. In other embodiments, the present invention may be realized using one or more custom-designed hardware devices such as ASICs. In other embodiments, the present invention may be realized using one or more programmable hardware elements such as FPGAs.
[0067] Although this application described various aspects each having different features in various combinations, those skilled in the art will understand that any of the features of one aspect may be combined with the features of the other aspects in any manner not specifically disclaimed or which is not functionally or logically inconsistent with the operation of the device or the stated functions of the disclosed aspects.
[0068] It is well understood that the use of personally identifiable information should follow privacy policies and practices that are generally recognized as meeting or exceeding industry or governmental requirements for maintaining the privacy of users. In particular, personally identifiable information data should be managed and handled so as to minimize risks of unintentional or unauthorized access or use, and the nature of authorized use should be clearly indicated to users.
[0069] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications may be made in the present disclosure, without departing from the spirit or the scope of the disclosure. Thus, it is intended that the present disclosure cover modifications and variations of this disclosure provided they come within the scope of the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1.An apparatus comprising processing circuitry configured to:determine a gradual transmission timing adjustment is available;calculate a maximum transmission timing difference (MTTD) between a timing for a primary timing advance group (pTAG) and a reference timing for a secondary TAG (sTAG) with the calculated gradual timing adjustment;determine whether the calculated MTTD meets a MTTD requirement for one or more pairs of cells in the pTAG and the sTAG;apply the gradual transmission timing adjustment when the calculated MTTD meets the MTTD requirement; orrefrain from applying the gradual transmission timing adjustment when the calculated MTTD does not meet the MTTD requirement.2.The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the processing circuitry is further configured to:prepare an uplink (UL) transmission with a current UL timing without applying the gradual transmission timing adjustment when the calculated MTTD does not meet the MTTD requirement.3.The apparatus of claim 1, wherein determining whether the gradual transmission timing adjustment is needed is based on the processing circuitry being configured to:calculate a transmission timing error for one or more cells in the pTAG or sTAG; anddetermine whether a difference between the calculated transmission timing error and a reference timing exceeds a timing error threshold.4.The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the reference timing is (NTA + NTA offset) x Tc before the downlink timing of the reference cell, where NTA offset is based on a frequency range and band for uplink transmission and Tc is a predetermined value.5.The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the processing circuitry is further configured to:prepare an uplink (UL) transmission with a current UL timing when the difference between the calculated transmission timing error and the reference timing does not exceed the timing error threshold.6.The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the processing circuitry is configured to calculate a new UL timing with the gradual timing adjustment when the difference between the calculated transmission timing error and the reference timing exceeds the timing error threshold.7.The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the processing circuitry is configured to determine whether the calculated MTTD meets the MTTD requirement by determining whether a maximum MTTD is exceeded.8.The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the gradual timing adjustment comprises:a maximum autonomous time adjustment step (Tq) ;a minimum aggregate adjustment rate (Tp) ; anda maximum aggregate timing adjustment rate of Tq per 200 milliseconds (ms) for subcarrier spacing (SCS) of UL signals smaller than or equal to 120 KiloHertz (KHz) and 100 ms for SCS of UL signal larger than or equal to 480 KHz.9.The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the maximum autonomous time adjustment step Tq and the minimum aggregate adjustment rate Tp is pre-specified and communicated by a network via configuration information.10.The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the apparatus communicates with a New Radio Carrier Aggregation (NR CA) communications system.11.The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the MTTD requirement is that the MTTD not exceed:34.6 microseconds when a frequency range of a pair of TAGs is frequency range FR1;8.5 microseconds when the frequency range of the pair of TAGs is frequency range FR2-1 and independent beam management is used for FR2-1 inter-band carrier aggregation; and26.1 microseconds when the frequency range of the pair of TAGs is between FR1 and FR2-1 or is between FR1 and FR2-2.12.The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the processing circuitry is configured to apply the gradual timing adjustment to all pairs of cells in which the MTTD requirement applies.13.The apparatus of claim 12, wherein the pTAG and the sTAG are configured for inter-band new radio carrier aggregation (NR CA) in standalone (SA) mode or NR Dual Connectivity (NR-DC) mode.14.The apparatus of claim 12, wherein more than one sTAG is configured for inter-band NR carrier aggregation in evolved universal terrestrial radio access network new radio-dual connectivity (EN-DC) mode or Next-Generation Radio Area Network (NG-RAN) supported E-UTRA-NR DC (NE-DC) mode.15.A user equipment (UE) , comprising:a transceiver configured to communicate with a network; anda processor communicatively coupled to the transceiver and configured to:determine a gradual transmission timing adjustment is available for the UE; calculate a maximum transmission timing difference (MTTD) between a timing for a primary timing advance group (pTAG) and a reference timing for a secondary TAG (sTAG) ;determine whether the calculated MTTD meets a MTTD requirement for one or more pairs of cells in the pTAG and the sTAG for the UE;apply the gradual transmission timing adjustment for the UE when the calculated MTTD meets the MTTD requirement; orrefrain from applying the gradual transmission timing adjustment for the UE when the calculated MTTD does not meet the MTTD requirement.16.The UE of claim 15, wherein the processor is further configured to:prepare an uplink (UL) transmission with a current UL timing without applying the gradual transmission timing adjustment when the calculated MTTD does not meet the MTTD requirement.17.The UE of claim 15, wherein determining whether the gradual transmission timing adjustment is needed is based on the processor being configured to:calculate a transmission timing error for one or more cells in the pTAG or sTAG; anddetermine whether a difference between the calculated transmission timing error and a reference timing exceeds a timing error threshold.18.The UE of claim 17, wherein the processing circuitry is further configured to:prepare an uplink (UL) transmission with a current UL timing when the difference between the calculated transmission timing error and the reference timing does not exceed the timing error threshold.19.The UE of claim 17, wherein the processor is configured to calculate a new UL timing with the gradual timing adjustment when the difference between the calculated transmission timing error and the reference timing exceeds the timing error threshold.20.The UE of claim 15, wherein the processor is configured to determine whether the calculated MTTD meets the MTTD requirement by determining whether a maximum MTTD is exceeded.
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