Charging and discharging circuit, charging and discharging system, and vehicle

Abstract

A charging and discharging circuit, a charging and discharging system, and a vehicle. The charging and discharging circuit comprises a first branch, a second branch, and a shunt branch. The first branch is electrically connected to a first terminal of a battery and a first terminal of a charging and discharging port, and the first branch is electrically connected to a first switch module. The second branch is electrically connected to a second terminal of the battery and a second terminal of the charging and discharging port. The shunt branch comprises a voltage conversion module and a second switch module connected in series with the voltage conversion module, and the shunt branch is connected between the charging and discharging port and the battery. When charging a battery in a first charging manner or, in a first discharging manner, using the battery for external discharge, the first switch module and the second switch module are configured to be closed, so that a part of a current flows through the first branch, and another part of the current flows through the shunt branch.

Description

Charging and discharging circuit, charging and discharging system and vehicle

[0001] The present application claims priority to the Chinese patent application No. 202411098939.6, filed on August 9, 2024, the content of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. TECHNICAL FIELD

[0002] The present disclosure relates to the technical field of electric vehicles, in particular to a charging and discharging circuit, a charging and discharging system and a vehicle. BACKGROUND

[0003] With the development of automobiles, the automobile industry has entered a new stage of large-scale development. In the charging circuit of the vehicle, the on-off of the vehicle battery and the charging and discharging port is controlled by a switching device. SUMMARY

[0004] The present disclosure provides a charging and discharging circuit, a charging and discharging system and a vehicle, which aims to prolong the service life of the switching module in the charging and discharging circuit.

[0005] In one aspect, a charging and discharging circuit is provided. The charging and discharging circuit comprises a first branch, a second branch and a shunt branch. The first branch is electrically connected between a first pole of a battery and a first pole of a charging and discharging port, and a first switching module is electrically connected on the first branch. The second branch is electrically connected between a second pole of the battery and a second pole of the charging and discharging port. The shunt branch comprises a voltage conversion module and a second switching module connected in series with the voltage conversion module, and the shunt branch is connected between the charging and discharging port and the battery.

[0006] When charging the battery in a first charging mode or discharging externally using the battery in a first discharging mode, the first switching module and the second switching module are configured to be closed, so that part of the current flows through the first branch and another part of the current flows through the shunt branch. The first charging mode includes a charging mode without voltage conversion by the voltage conversion module, and the first discharging mode is a discharging mode without voltage conversion by the voltage conversion module.

[0007] In the charging and discharging circuit provided by some embodiments of the present disclosure, during the process of charging the battery or discharging the battery, a shunt branch and a first branch are formed between the first pole of the battery and the first pole of the charging and discharging port at the same time. Compared with the scheme of forming only the first branch between the first pole of the battery and the first pole of the charging and discharging port, the charging and discharging circuit of some embodiments of the present disclosure can significantly reduce the current flowing through the first branch during the process of charging the battery or discharging the battery, so that the current on the first branch and the shunt branch is smaller than the charging current provided by the charging and discharging port or the discharging current provided by the battery, thereby avoiding damage to the first switch module on the first branch due to large current, and avoiding damage to the second switch module on the shunt branch due to large current, thereby improving the service life of the switch module in the charging and discharging circuit.

[0008] In another aspect, a charging and discharging system is also provided. The charging and discharging system includes a controller and the charging and discharging circuit described above. The controller is electrically connected with the inverter, the first switch module and the second switch module of the charging and discharging circuit respectively. The controller is configured to control the first switch module to form the first branch, and control the second switch module and the inverter to form the shunt branch.

[0009] The charging and discharging system has the structure and beneficial effects of the charging and discharging circuit described above, which will not be repeated here.

[0010] In yet another aspect, a vehicle is also provided. The vehicle includes the charging and discharging system described above.

[0011] The vehicle has the structure and beneficial effects of the charging and discharging circuit described above, which will not be repeated here. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0012] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present disclosure, the drawings needed in the embodiment description will be briefly introduced below. However, the drawings in the following description can also be used by those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative labor.

[0013] FIG. 1 is a topology diagram of a charging and discharging circuit according to some embodiments;

[0014] FIG. 2 is a current flow diagram of the charging and discharging circuit shown in FIG. 1 in a battery charging state;

[0015] FIG. 3 is a current flow diagram of the charging and discharging circuit shown in FIG. 1 in a battery discharging state;

[0016] FIG. 4 is another topology diagram of a charging and discharging circuit according to some embodiments;

[0017] Figure 5 is a current flow diagram for the charge and discharge circuit of Figure 4 in a battery charging state;

[0018] Figure 6 is a current flow diagram for the charge and discharge circuit of Figure 4 in a battery discharging state;

[0019] Figure 7 is yet another topology for a charge and discharge circuit according to some embodiments;

[0020] Figure 8 is yet another topology for a charge and discharge circuit according to some embodiments;

[0021] Figure 9 is yet another topology for a charge and discharge circuit according to some embodiments;

[0022] Figure 10 is a current flow diagram for the charge and discharge circuit of Figure 9 in a battery charging state;

[0023] Figure 11 is a current flow diagram for the charge and discharge circuit of Figure 9 in a battery discharging state;

[0024] Figure 12 is yet another topology for a charge and discharge circuit according to some embodiments;

[0025] Figure 13 is a current flow diagram for the charge and discharge circuit of Figure 12 in a battery charging state;

[0026] Figure 14 is a current flow diagram for the charge and discharge circuit of Figure 12 in a battery discharging state;

[0027] Figure 15 is yet another topology for a charge and discharge circuit according to some embodiments;

[0028] Figure 16 is a current flow diagram for the charge and discharge circuit of Figure 15 in a battery charging state;

[0029] Figure 17 is a current flow diagram for the charge and discharge circuit of Figure 15 in a battery discharging state;

[0030] Figure 18 is yet another topology for a charge and discharge circuit according to some embodiments;

[0031] Figure 19 is a current flow diagram for the charge and discharge circuit of Figure 18 in a battery charging state;

[0032] Figure 20 is a current flow diagram for the charge and discharge circuit of Figure 18 in a battery discharging state;

[0033] Figure 21 is yet another topology for a charge and discharge circuit according to some embodiments;

[0034] Figure 22 is yet another topology for a charge and discharge circuit according to some embodiments;

[0035] Figure 23 is a current flow diagram for the charge and discharge circuit of Figure 1 during a first stage of heating the battery;

[0036] Figure 24 is another current flow diagram for the charge and discharge circuit of Figure 1 during a first stage of heating the battery;

[0037] Figure 25 is a current flow diagram for the charge and discharge circuit of Figure 1 during a second stage of heating the battery;

[0038] Figure 26 is a current flow diagram for the charge and discharge circuit of Figure 4 during a first stage of heating the battery;

[0039] Figure 27 is another current flow diagram for the charge and discharge circuit of Figure 4 during a first stage of heating the battery;

[0040] Figure 28 is a current flow diagram for the charge and discharge circuit of Figure 4 during a second stage of heating the battery;

[0041] Figure 29 is a current flow diagram for the charge and discharge circuit of Figure 15 during a first stage of heating the battery;

[0042] Figure 30 is another current flow diagram for the charge and discharge circuit of Figure 15 during a first stage of heating the battery;

[0043] Figure 31 is a current flow diagram for the charge and discharge circuit of Figure 15 during a second stage of heating the battery;

[0044] Figure 32 is a current flow diagram for the charge and discharge circuit of Figure 18 during a first stage of heating the battery;

[0045] Figure 33 is another current flow diagram for the charge and discharge circuit of Figure 18 during a first stage of heating the battery;

[0046] Figure 34 is a current flow diagram for the charge and discharge circuit of Figure 18 during a second stage of heating the battery. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present disclosure will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present disclosure. However, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present disclosure, but not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present disclosure, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present disclosure.

[0048] In the description of the disclosure, it needs to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "back", "inner", "outer" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or relative position relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the disclosure and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the disclosure. Unless otherwise specified, the above orientation description can be flexibly arranged in the actual application process under the condition of meeting the relative position relationship shown in the drawings.

[0049] The terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are used only for descriptive purposes and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or a specific number of the technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined with "first", "second" can explicitly or implicitly include one or more features. In the description of the disclosure, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "a plurality of" is two or more.

[0050] In the description of the disclosure, it needs to be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connection", "electrical connection", "communication" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed electrical connection, or a detachable electrical connection, or an integral electrical connection. It can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or the communication between the two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the disclosure can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0051] In the embodiments of the disclosure, the terms "comprising", "containing" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive containing, so that the process, article or device including a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not explicitly listed, or includes elements inherent to such process, article or device. Without more limitation, the element defined by the sentence "including a…" does not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, article or device including the element.

[0052] In the embodiments of the disclosure, the words "exemplary" or "for example" are used to mean serving as an example, instance, or illustration. Any embodiment or design presented as "exemplary" or "for example" in the embodiments of the disclosure should not be interpreted as being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments or design solutions. Rather, the use of "exemplary" or "for example" is intended to present concepts in a concrete manner. The term "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" means that at least one embodiment of the disclosure has the described characteristic, structure, material, or feature.

[0053] In the description of the specification, specific features, structures, materials or characteristics can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0054] Some embodiments of the present disclosure provide a vehicle. The vehicle includes a charge-discharge system.

[0055] For example, the vehicle further includes a battery, one side of the charge-discharge system is electrically connected to the positive and negative poles of the battery. The battery is used to supply power to the configured load in the vehicle, including but not limited to electric devices such as motors, electronic control systems, lighting lamps, etc.

[0056] In the case of charging the battery or discharging the battery to the outside, the other side of the charge-discharge system is electrically connected to the charge-discharge port, which can be connected to an external power source or an external energy storage device, such as a charging pile or an energy storage power source (such as a mobile charging vehicle, an energy storage device, and a battery in another vehicle, etc.).

[0057] The vehicle described in some embodiments of the present disclosure includes but is not limited to a vehicle, an airplane or a ship, etc. The vehicle is taken as an example to illustrate some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0058] In some embodiments, the charge-discharge system includes a charge-discharge circuit. The charge-discharge circuit includes a first branch and a second branch. The first branch is electrically connected between the first pole of the battery and the first pole of the charge-discharge port, and a first switch module K1 is electrically connected on the first branch. The second branch is electrically connected between the second pole of the battery and the second pole of the charge-discharge port.

[0059] For example, the first switch module K1 includes but is not limited to a relay, a contactor, etc.

[0060] As shown in FIG. 1, when charging or discharging the battery, the first switch module K1 is configured to be closed to make the current flow through the first branch and the second branch to form a loop between the battery and the charge-discharge port.

[0061] In this case, during the charging or discharging of the battery, only the first branch is formed between the first pole of the battery and the first pole of the charge-discharge port. Taking the charging of the battery by the charge-discharge port as an example, when the charge current provided by the charge-discharge port is large, the large current will cause damage to the first switch module K1.

[0062] Based on this, some embodiments of the present disclosure provide a charge-discharge circuit and a charge-discharge system.

[0063] In some embodiments, the charge-discharge system includes a charge-discharge circuit and a controller.

[0064] In some examples, as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 4, the charge-discharge circuit includes a first branch, a second branch and a shunt branch. The first branch is electrically connected between the first pole of the battery and the first pole of the charge-discharge port, and a first switch module K1 is electrically connected on the first branch. The second branch is electrically connected between the second pole of the battery and the second pole of the charge-discharge port.

[0065] The shunt branch includes a voltage conversion module and a second switch module K2 connected in series with the voltage conversion module. The shunt branch is connected between the charge-discharge port and the battery.

[0066] When charging the battery in a first charging mode or discharging the battery in a first discharging mode, the first switch module K1 and the second switch module K2 are configured to be closed to allow a portion of the current to flow through the first branch and another portion of the current to flow through the shunt branch. The first charging mode includes a charging mode without voltage conversion by the voltage conversion module (e.g., charging through the first branch), and the first discharging mode includes a discharging mode without voltage conversion by the voltage conversion module (e.g., discharging through the first branch).

[0067] For example, the voltage conversion module includes an inverter and a motor. Two poles of the inverter are respectively electrically connected to the first pole of the battery and the second pole of the battery, a first end of the motor is electrically connected to the inverter, a second end of the motor is electrically connected to the first pole of the charge-discharge port or the first pole of the battery, and the second switch module is connected in series with the inverter and the motor.

[0068] For example, the second switch module K2 includes, but is not limited to, a relay, a contactor, etc.

[0069] For example, in the charge-discharge system, the controller is electrically connected to the inverter of the charge-discharge circuit, the first switch module K1, and the second switch module K2, respectively. The controller is configured to control the first switch module K1 to form the first branch, and control the second switch module K2 and the inverter to form the shunt branch.

[0070] In the charge-discharge circuit provided by some embodiments of the present disclosure, during the process of charging the battery or discharging the battery, the shunt branch and the first branch can be formed between the first pole of the battery and the first pole of the charge-discharge port at the same time. Compared with the scheme of forming only the first branch between the first pole of the battery and the first pole of the charge-discharge port, by using the charge-discharge circuit in some embodiments of the present disclosure, the current flowing through the first branch during the process of charging or discharging the battery can be significantly reduced, so that the current flowing through the first branch and the shunt branch is smaller than the charging current provided by the charge-discharge port or the discharging current provided by the battery, thereby avoiding damage to the first switch module K1 in the first branch due to large current, and avoiding damage to the second switch module K2 in the shunt branch due to large current, thereby prolonging the service life of the switch modules in the charge-discharge circuit.

[0071] Moreover, the current flowing through the first branch and the shunt branch is smaller, and the heat generation and energy consumption during the process of charging or discharging the battery are also smaller, thereby improving the energy conversion efficiency.

[0072] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 1, the first pole of the inverter is electrically connected to the first pole of the battery, the second pole of the inverter is electrically connected to the second pole of the battery, and the third pole of the inverter is electrically connected to the first end of the motor; the second end of the motor is electrically connected to the first pole of the charge-discharge port.

[0073] For example, as shown in FIG. 1, the first switch module K1 is electrically connected between the first pole of the inverter and the first pole of the charge-discharge port; the second end of the motor is electrically connected to the first pole of the charge-discharge port through the second switch module K2.

[0074] The motor in some embodiments of the present disclosure can be neutral line lead-out or phase line lead-out. For example, as shown in FIG. 1, the motor is a three-phase four-wire system, and the motor is connected to the second switch module K2 through the neutral line N. Alternatively, the motor is a phase line lead-out, and the motor is a three-phase three-wire system, and the second switch module K2 in FIG. 1 is connected to any one of the first winding coil L1, the second winding coil L2, and the third winding coil L3.

[0075] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 1, when the first pole of the battery is the positive pole and the second pole of the battery is the negative pole, the first pole of the charge-discharge port is correspondingly the positive pole and the second pole of the charge-discharge port is the negative pole.

[0076] As shown in FIG. 2, when the external power supply is connected to the charge-discharge port to charge the battery, the inverter is configured to conduct from the third pole to the first pole of the inverter, so that another part of the current flows from the first pole of the charge-discharge port, through the motor and the inverter, to the first pole of the battery.

[0077] As shown in FIG. 3, when the battery discharges externally, the inverter is configured to conduct from the first pole to the third pole of the inverter, so that another part of the current flows from the first pole of the battery, through the inverter and the motor, to the first pole of the charge-discharge port.

[0078] After the first switch module K1 is used for a long time, the contact is oxidized due to wear and tear, resulting in an increase in contact resistance, which increases the heat generated by the first switch module K1 during the charging or discharging of the battery.

[0079] However, in some embodiments of the present disclosure, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, when the battery is charged or the battery discharges externally, a part of the current between the first pole of the battery and the first pole of the charge-discharge port flows through the first switch module K1 on the first branch, and another part of the current flows through the second switch module K2 on the shunt branch.

[0080] Compared with the scheme of forming only the first branch, the shunt branch can jointly share the current between the first pole of the battery and the first pole of the charging and discharging port with the first branch, reduce the current flowing through the first switch module K1 on the first branch during the battery charging or discharging process, thereby reducing the heat generation of the first switch module K1 and prolonging the service life of the first switch module K1. Moreover, by sharing the current through the shunt branch, even if the first switch module K1 has some wear, the service life of the first switch module K1 can also be prolonged.

[0081] In other embodiments, as shown in FIG. 4, when the first pole of the battery is the negative pole and the second pole of the battery is the positive pole, correspondingly, the first pole of the charging and discharging port is the negative pole and the second pole of the charging and discharging port is the positive pole.

[0082] As shown in FIG. 5, when the external power source accesses the charging and discharging port to charge the battery, the inverter is configured to turn on the first pole to the third pole of the inverter, so that another part of the current flows from the first pole of the battery, sequentially through the inverter, the motor, the second switch module K2, to the first pole of the charging and discharging port.

[0083] As shown in FIG. 6, when the battery discharges externally, the inverter is configured to turn on the third pole to the first pole of the inverter, so that another part of the current flows from the first pole of the charging and discharging port, sequentially through the motor, the inverter, to the first pole of the battery.

[0084] As shown in FIG. 5 and FIG. 6, when charging the battery or discharging the battery externally, the current between the first pole of the battery and the first pole of the charging and discharging port, a part of the current flows through the first switch module K1 on the first branch, and another part of the current flows through the second switch module K2 on the shunt branch. Compared with the scheme of forming only the first branch, the shunt branch can jointly share the current between the first pole of the battery and the first pole of the charging and discharging port with the first branch, reduce the current flowing through the first switch module K1 on the first branch during the battery charging or discharging process, reduce the heat generation of the first switch module K1, and prolong the service life of the first switch module K1.

[0085] After the first switch module K1 is used for a long time, the contact wear and oxidation increase the contact impedance, and the heat generation increases during the battery charging or discharging process. By sharing the current through the shunt branch, even if the first switch module K1 has some wear, the service life of the first switch module K1 can also be prolonged.

[0086] Based on the above embodiments, in some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 7, the charging and discharging circuit further includes a first capacitor C1. The first end of the first capacitor C1 is electrically connected to the first pole of the battery, and the second end of the first capacitor C1 is electrically connected to the second pole of the battery.

[0087] For example, as shown in FIG. 7, FIG. 8 and FIG. 9, the charge-discharge circuit further comprises at least one of a third switch module K3 or a fourth switch module K4. The third switch module K3 is electrically connected between the first end of the first capacitor C1 and the first pole of the battery; the third switch module K3 is configured to be closed when charging the battery or discharging the battery to the outside. The fourth switch module K4 is electrically connected between the second end of the first capacitor C1 and the second pole of the battery; the fourth switch module K4 is configured to be closed when charging the battery or discharging the battery to the outside.

[0088] By controlling the opening and closing of at least one of the third switch module K3 or the fourth switch module K4, the connection and disconnection of the battery and the first capacitor C1, and the connection and disconnection between the battery and the charge-discharge port can be controlled.

[0089] It should be noted that "at least one of A, B and C" has the same meaning as "at least one of A, B or C", which includes the following combinations of A, B and C: only A, only B, only C, a combination of A and B, a combination of A and C, a combination of B and C, and a combination of A, B and C.

[0090] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 7, the charge-discharge circuit further comprises a second capacitor C2, the first end of the second capacitor C2 is electrically connected to the first pole of the charge-discharge port, and the second end of the second capacitor C2 is electrically connected to the second pole of the charge-discharge port.

[0091] For example, as shown in FIG. 7, FIG. 8 and FIG. 9, the charge-discharge circuit further comprises at least one of a fifth switch module K5 or a sixth switch module K6. The fifth switch module K5 is electrically connected between the first end of the second capacitor C2 and the first pole of the charge-discharge port; the fifth switch module K5 is configured to be closed when charging the battery or discharging the battery to the outside. The sixth switch module K6 is electrically connected between the second end of the second capacitor C2 and the second pole of the charge-discharge port; the sixth switch module K6 is configured to be closed when charging the battery or discharging the battery to the outside.

[0092] By controlling the opening and closing of at least one of the fifth switch module K5 or the sixth switch module K6, the connection and disconnection of the charge-discharge port and the second capacitor C2, and the connection and disconnection between the battery and the charge-discharge port can be controlled.

[0093] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 7 and FIG. 8, the third switch module K3 is electrically connected between the first switch module K1 and the first pole of the battery, or, as shown in FIG. 9 and FIG. 12, the third switch module K3 is electrically connected between the first pole of the inverter and the first pole of the battery.

[0094] As shown in FIG. 7, when charging the battery or discharging the battery, the first switch module K1, the second switch module K2, the third switch module K3, the fourth switch module K4, the fifth switch module K5 and the sixth switch module K6 are closed, the closed switch module is regarded as a path, and the capacitor (such as the first capacitor C1 and the second capacitor C2) is regarded as an open circuit. At this time, the circuit architecture of FIG. 7 can be regarded as the circuit structure shown in FIG. 1.

[0095] The formation mode of the first branch, the second branch and the shunt branch formed by the charging and discharging circuit shown in FIG. 7 when charging the battery or discharging the battery can be referred to the description of FIG. 1, FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, which will not be described here.

[0096] As shown in FIG. 8, when charging the battery or discharging the battery, the first switch module K1, the second switch module K2, the third switch module K3, the fourth switch module K4, the fifth switch module K5 and the sixth switch module K6 are closed, the closed switch module is regarded as a path, and the capacitor is regarded as an open circuit. At this time, the circuit architecture of FIG. 8 can be regarded as the circuit structure shown in FIG. 4. The formation mode of the first branch, the second branch and the shunt branch formed by the charging and discharging circuit shown in FIG. 8 when charging the battery or discharging the battery can be referred to the description of FIG. 4, FIG. 5 and FIG. 6, which will not be described here. It should be noted that FIG. 8 shows the connection relationship of the switch module and the capacitor in the charging and discharging circuit when the first pole of the battery is the negative pole, the second pole of the battery is the positive pole, the first pole of the charging and discharging port is the negative pole, and the second pole of the charging and discharging port is the positive pole.

[0097] As shown in FIG. 9 and FIG. 12, when charging the battery or discharging the battery, the first switch module K1, the second switch module K2, the third switch module K3, the fourth switch module K4, the fifth switch module K5 and the sixth switch module K6 are closed, the closed switch module is regarded as a path, and the capacitor is regarded as an open circuit. In this case, the third switch module K3 is also electrically connected to the shunt branch.

[0098] As shown in FIG. 10 and FIG. 13, when charging the battery, the inverter is configured to be conductive from the third pole to the first pole of the inverter, and a part of the current passes from the first pole of the charging and discharging port to the first pole of the battery through the first switch module K1, and another part of the current passes from the first pole of the charging and discharging port to the first pole of the battery through the second switch module K2, the motor, the inverter and the third switch module K3 in sequence.

[0099] As shown in FIG. 11 and FIG. 14, when discharging the battery, the inverter is configured to be conductive from the first pole to the third pole of the inverter, and a part of the current passes from the first pole of the battery to the first pole of the charging and discharging port through the first switch module K1, and another part of the current passes from the first pole of the battery to the first pole of the charging and discharging port through the inverter, the motor and the second switch module K2 in sequence.

[0100] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 15, the first pole of the inverter is electrically connected to the first pole of the battery, the second pole of the inverter is electrically connected to the second pole of the battery, and the third pole of the inverter is electrically connected to the first end of the motor; the second end of the motor is electrically connected to the first pole of the battery.

[0101] For example, as shown in FIG. 15, the first switch module K1 is electrically connected between the first pole of the inverter and the first pole of the battery; the second end of the motor is electrically connected to the first pole of the battery through the second switch module K2.

[0102] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 15, when the first pole of the battery is the positive pole and the second pole of the battery is the negative pole, correspondingly, the first pole of the charging and discharging port is the positive pole and the second pole of the charging and discharging port is the negative pole.

[0103] As shown in FIG. 16, when the external power source accesses the charging and discharging port to charge the battery, the inverter is configured to turn on the first pole to the third pole of the inverter, so that another part of the current passes through the first pole of the charging and discharging port, the inverter and the motor in sequence to the first pole of the battery.

[0104] As shown in FIG. 17, when the battery discharges externally, the inverter is configured to turn on the third pole to the first pole of the inverter, so that another part of the current passes through the first pole of the battery, the motor and the inverter in sequence to the first pole of the charging and discharging port.

[0105] In the process of charging the battery or discharging the battery externally, the shunt branch and the first branch are formed between the first pole of the battery and the first pole of the charging and discharging port at the same time. Compared with the scheme of forming only the first branch between the first pole of the battery and the first pole of the charging and discharging port, the current flowing through the first branch in the process of charging or discharging the battery can be significantly reduced through the charging and discharging circuit in some embodiments of the present disclosure, so that the current on the first branch and the shunt branch is smaller than the charging current provided by the charging and discharging port or the discharging current provided by the battery, thereby avoiding damage to the first switch module K1 on the first branch due to large current, and avoiding damage to the second switch module K2 on the shunt branch due to large current, thereby improving the service life of the switch module in the charging and discharging circuit. Moreover, the current on the first branch and the shunt branch is smaller, and the heat consumption in the process of charging or discharging the battery is also smaller, thereby improving the energy conversion efficiency.

[0106] In other embodiments, as shown in FIG. 18, when the first pole of the battery is the negative pole and the second pole of the battery is the positive pole, correspondingly, the first pole of the charging and discharging port is the negative pole and the second pole of the charging and discharging port is the positive pole.

[0107] As shown in FIG. 19, when the external power source charges the battery through the charging and discharging port, the inverter is configured to turn on the third pole to the first pole of the inverter, so that another part of the current flows from the first pole of the battery, sequentially through the motor, the inverter, to the first pole of the charging and discharging port.

[0108] As shown in FIG. 20, when the battery discharges to the outside, the inverter is configured to turn on the first pole to the third pole of the inverter, so that another part of the current flows from the first pole of the charging and discharging port, sequentially through the inverter, the motor, to the first pole of the battery.

[0109] During the process of charging the battery or discharging the battery to the outside, the shunt branch and the first branch are formed between the first pole of the battery and the first pole of the charging and discharging port at the same time. Compared with the scheme that only the first branch is formed between the first pole of the battery and the first pole of the charging and discharging port, the charging and discharging current of some embodiments of the present disclosure can significantly reduce the current flowing through the first branch during the process of charging or discharging the battery, so that the current on the first branch and the shunt branch is smaller than the charging current provided by the charging and discharging port or the discharging current provided by the battery, thereby avoiding damage to the first switch module on the first branch due to large current, and avoiding damage to the second switch module on the shunt branch due to large current, thereby improving the service life of the switch module in the charging and discharging circuit. Moreover, the current on the first branch and the shunt branch is smaller, and the heat consumption during the process of charging or discharging the battery is also smaller, thereby improving the efficiency of energy conversion.

[0110] Based on the above embodiments, in some embodiments, as shown in FIGS. 21 and 22, the charging and discharging circuit further includes a first capacitor C1. The first end of the first capacitor C1 is electrically connected to the first pole of the battery, and the second end of the first capacitor C1 is electrically connected to the second pole of the battery.

[0111] For example, as shown in FIGS. 21 and 22, the charging and discharging circuit further includes at least one of a third switch module K3 or a fourth switch module K4. The third switch module K3 is electrically connected between the first end of the first capacitor C1 and the first pole of the battery. The fourth switch module K4 is electrically connected between the second end of the first capacitor C1 and the second pole of the battery. It should be noted that in FIGS. 21 and 22, the first switch module K1 can function as the third switch module K3, therefore, the third switch module K3 is not shown in FIGS. 21 and 22.

[0112] By controlling the opening and closing of at least one of the third switch module K3 or the fourth switch module K4, the connection and disconnection between the battery and the first capacitor C1, and the connection and disconnection between the battery and the charging and discharging port can be controlled.

[0113] In some embodiments, as shown in FIGS. 21 and 22, the charge-discharge circuit further comprises a second capacitor C2. A first end of the second capacitor C2 is electrically connected to the first pole of the charge-discharge port, and a second end of the second capacitor C2 is electrically connected to the second pole of the charge-discharge port.

[0114] For example, as shown in FIGS. 21 and 22, the charge-discharge circuit further comprises at least one of a fifth switch module K5 or a sixth switch module K6. The fifth switch module K5 is electrically connected between the first end of the second capacitor C2 and the first pole of the charge-discharge port. The sixth switch module K6 is electrically connected between the second end of the second capacitor C2 and the second pole of the charge-discharge port.

[0115] By controlling the opening and closing of at least one of the fifth switch module K5 or the sixth switch module K6, the connection and disconnection between the charge-discharge port and the second capacitor C2, and the connection and disconnection between the battery and the charge-discharge port can be controlled.

[0116] As shown in FIG. 21, when charging the battery or discharging the battery to the outside, the first switch module K1, the second switch module K2, the third switch module K3, the fourth switch module K4, the fifth switch module K5, and the sixth switch module K6 are all closed, and the closed switch modules are regarded as a path, and the capacitor is regarded as an open circuit. At this time, the circuit architecture of FIG. 21 can be regarded as the circuit structure shown in FIG. 15.

[0117] The formation modes of the first branch, the second branch, and the shunt branch formed by the charge-discharge circuit shown in FIG. 21 when charging the battery or discharging the battery to the outside are described with reference to the description of FIGS. 15, 16, and 17, and will not be described here in detail.

[0118] As shown in FIG. 22, when charging the battery or discharging the battery to the outside, the first switch module K1, the second switch module K2, the third switch module K3, the fourth switch module K4, the fifth switch module K5, and the sixth switch module K6 are all closed, and the closed switch modules are regarded as a path, and the capacitor is regarded as an open circuit. At this time, the circuit architecture of FIG. 22 can be regarded as the circuit structure shown in FIG. 18. The formation modes of the first branch, the second branch, and the shunt branch formed by the charge-discharge circuit shown in FIG. 22 when charging the battery or discharging the battery to the outside are described with reference to the description of FIGS. 18, 19, and 20, and will not be described here in detail.

[0119] In some embodiments, as shown in FIGS. 20 and 21, the first branch comprises a first electrical connection line, and the shunt branch comprises a second electrical connection line. The impedance of the first electrical connection line is greater than the impedance of the second electrical connection line.

[0120] The electric connection wire (e.g., the first electric connection wire) on the first branch can be made of a material with a greater impedance than the electric connection wire (e.g., the second electric connection wire) on the shunt branch. In this way, on the one hand, the cost can be reduced; on the other hand, the impedance on the first branch is increased, which is more conducive to distributing the current to the shunt branch.

[0121] In some embodiments, the material of the first electric connection wire includes an aluminum-magnesium alloy or an aluminum alloy, and the material of the second electric connection wire includes copper.

[0122] The electric connection wire on the first branch can be made of a material such as a magnesium-aluminum alloy or an aluminum alloy, so as to reduce the cost and weight. The electric connection wire on the shunt branch can be made of copper, so as to have a smaller impedance and be more conducive to achieving the shunt effect of the shunt branch on the first branch.

[0123] In some embodiments, as shown in FIGS. 23, 24 and 25, the motor includes a winding coil. A first end of the winding coil is electrically connected to a first end of the motor, and a second end of the winding coil is electrically connected to a second end of the motor. In the case of heating the battery, the charge-discharge circuit has a first stage and a second stage, and the charge-discharge circuit can be switched between the first stage and the second stage.

[0124] In the first stage, as shown in FIG. 23, the charge-discharge port, the inverter and the winding coil form a loop; or in the first stage, as shown in FIG. 24, the battery, the inverter and the winding coil form a loop.

[0125] In the second stage, as shown in FIG. 25, the charged winding coil and the inverter form a loop.

[0126] In some embodiments, in the first stage, as shown in FIG. 23, the inverter is configured to be turned on from the third pole to the second pole of the inverter, and the second switch module K2 is configured to be closed, so that the current passes from the first pole of the charge-discharge port, sequentially through the second switch module K2, the winding coil and the inverter, to the second pole of the charge-discharge port, thereby forming a loop.

[0127] In other embodiments, in the first stage, as shown in FIG. 24, the inverter is configured to be turned on from the third pole to the second pole of the inverter, and the first switch module K1 and the second switch module K2 are configured to be closed, so that the current passes from the first pole of the battery, sequentially through the first switch module K1, the second switch module K2, the winding coil and the inverter, to the second pole of the battery, thereby forming a loop.

[0128] Based on the above embodiments, in some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 25, in the second stage, the inverter is configured to turn on the third pole to the first pole of the inverter, and the first switch module K1 and the second switch module K2 are configured to be closed, so that the current flows from the first end of the winding coil, through the inverter, the first switch module K1, the second switch module K2, to the second end of the winding coil, thereby forming a loop.

[0129] When the battery needs to be heated, it can be through the charge-discharge port first, or the battery charges the winding coil of the motor, and then the motor corresponding inverter discharges the winding coil, thereby realizing the heating of the battery in the process of charging and discharging the winding coil. For example, an external power source can be connected to the charge-discharge port to charge the winding coil through the charge-discharge port.

[0130] In some embodiments, as shown in FIGS. 26, 27 and 28, the motor includes a winding coil. The first end of the winding coil is electrically connected to the first end of the motor, and the second end of the winding coil is electrically connected to the second end of the motor. In the case of heating the battery, the charge-discharge circuit has a first stage and a second stage, and the charge-discharge circuit can be switched between the first stage and the second stage.

[0131] In the first stage, the voltage provided by the charge-discharge port or the voltage output by the battery charges the winding coil through the inverter. In the second stage, the charged winding coil is discharged through the inverter.

[0132] In some embodiments, in the first stage, as shown in FIG. 26, the inverter is configured to turn on the second pole to the third pole of the inverter, and the second switch module K2 is configured to be closed, so that the current flows from the second pole of the charge-discharge port, sequentially through the inverter, the winding coil, the second switch module K2, to the first pole of the charge-discharge port, thereby forming a loop.

[0133] In other embodiments, in the first stage, as shown in FIG. 27, the inverter is configured to turn on the second pole to the third pole of the inverter, and the first switch module K1 and the second switch module K2 are configured to be closed, so that the current flows from the second pole of the battery, sequentially through the inverter, the winding coil, the second switch module K2, the first switch module K1, to the first pole of the battery, thereby forming a loop.

[0134] Based on the above embodiments, in some embodiments, in the second stage, as shown in FIG. 28, in the second stage, the inverter is configured to turn on the first pole to the third pole of the inverter, and the first switch module K1 and the second switch module K2 are configured to be closed, so that the current flows from the second end of the winding coil, sequentially through the second switch module K2, the first switch module K1, the inverter, to the first end of the winding coil, thereby forming a loop.

[0135] When the battery needs to be heated, the battery can be charged through the charging and discharging port or the winding coil of the motor first, and then the winding coil is discharged through the corresponding inverter of the motor, so that the battery is heated in the process of charging and discharging the winding coil. For example, an external power source can be connected to the charging and discharging port to charge the winding coil through the charging and discharging port.

[0136] In some embodiments, as shown in FIGS. 29, 30 and 31, the motor includes a winding coil. The first end of the winding coil is electrically connected to the first end of the motor, and the second end of the winding coil is electrically connected to the second end of the motor. In the case of heating the battery, the charging and discharging circuit has a first stage and a second stage, and the charging and discharging circuit can be switched between the first stage and the second stage.

[0137] In the first stage, the voltage provided by the charging and discharging port or the voltage output by the battery charges the winding coil through the inverter. In the second stage, the charged winding coil is discharged through the inverter.

[0138] In some embodiments, in the first stage, as shown in FIG. 29, the inverter is configured to be turned on from the third pole to the second pole of the inverter, and the first switch module K1 and the second switch module K2 are configured to be closed, so that the current flows from the first pole of the charging and discharging port, sequentially through the first switch module K1, the second switch module K2, the winding coil, the inverter, to the second pole of the charging and discharging port, thereby forming a loop.

[0139] In other embodiments, in the first stage, as shown in FIG. 30, the inverter is configured to be turned on from the third pole to the second pole of the inverter, and the second switch module K2 is configured to be closed, so that the current flows from the first pole of the battery, sequentially through the second switch module K2, the winding coil, the inverter, to the second pole of the battery, thereby forming a loop.

[0140] Based on the above embodiments, in some embodiments, in the second stage, as shown in FIG. 31, the inverter is configured to be turned on from the third pole to the first pole of the inverter, and the first switch module K1 and the second switch module K2 are configured to be closed, so that the current flows from the first end of the winding coil, sequentially through the inverter, the first switch module K1, the second switch module K2, to the second end of the winding coil, thereby forming a loop.

[0141] When the battery needs to be heated, the battery can be charged through the charging and discharging port or the winding coil of the motor first, and then the winding coil is discharged through the corresponding inverter of the motor, so that the battery is heated in the process of charging and discharging the winding coil. For example, an external power source can be connected to the charging and discharging port to charge the winding coil through the charging and discharging port.

[0142] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 32, FIG. 33 and FIG. 34, the motor includes a winding coil. A first end of the winding coil is electrically connected to a first end of the motor, and a second end of the winding coil is electrically connected to a second end of the motor. In the case of heating the battery, the charge-discharge circuit has a first stage and a second stage, and the charge-discharge circuit can switch between the first stage and the second stage.

[0143] In the first stage, as shown in FIG. 32, the charge-discharge port, the inverter and the winding coil form a loop, or, in the first stage, as shown in FIG. 33, the battery, the inverter and the winding coil form a loop. In the second stage, as shown in FIG. 34, the charged winding coil forms a loop with the inverter.

[0144] In some embodiments, in the first stage, as shown in FIG. 32, the inverter is configured to turn on the second pole to the third pole of the inverter, and the first switch module K1 and the second switch module K2 are configured to be closed, so that the current flows from the second pole of the charge-discharge port, sequentially through the inverter, the winding coil, the second switch module K2, the first switch module K1, to the first pole of the charge-discharge port, thereby forming a loop.

[0145] In some embodiments, in the first stage, as shown in FIG. 33, the inverter is configured to turn on the second pole to the third pole of the inverter, and the second switch module K2 is configured to be closed, so that the current flows from the second pole of the battery, sequentially through the inverter, the winding coil, the second switch module K2, to the first pole of the battery, thereby forming a loop.

[0146] Based on the above embodiments, in some embodiments, in the second stage, as shown in FIG. 34, the inverter is configured to turn on the first pole to the third pole of the inverter, and the first switch module K1 and the second switch module K2 are configured to be closed, so that the current flows from the second end of the winding coil, sequentially through the second switch module K2, the first switch module K1, the inverter, to the first end of the winding coil, thereby forming a loop.

[0147] When heating the battery is needed, the winding coil can be charged by the charge-discharge port or the battery first, and then discharged by the corresponding inverter of the motor, so as to achieve heating of the battery in the process of charging and discharging the winding coil. For example, an external power source can be connected to the charge-discharge port to charge the winding coil through the charge-discharge port.

[0148] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 34, the inverter comprises a plurality of phase legs connected in parallel, each phase leg electrically connected between the first pole and the second pole of the inverter. Each phase leg comprises a first switching element and a second switching element, the first pole of the first switching element electrically connected to the first pole of the inverter, the second pole of the first switching element electrically connected to the first pole of the second switching element, the second pole of the second switching element electrically connected to the second pole of the inverter. The common terminal of one first switching element and one second switching element serves as one third pole of the inverter.

[0149] For example, as shown in FIG. 34, points A, B and C are the third poles of the inverter. The motor comprises a first winding coil L1, a second winding coil L2 and a third winding coil L3, which are connected to different third poles of the inverter, respectively. For example, the first end of a group of winding coils of the motor is connected to the common terminal of the first switching element and the second switching element of one phase leg of the inverter.

[0150] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 23, one first switching element comprises a first transistor VT1 / VT3 / VT5 and a first diode VD1 / VD3 / VD5, and one second switching element comprises a second transistor VT2 / VT4 / VT6 and a second diode VD2 / VD4 / VD6.

[0151] The first transistor VT1 / VT3 / VT5 and the first diode VD1 / VD3 / VD5 are connected in parallel between the first pole of the inverter and one third pole of the inverter, and the second transistor VT2 / VT4 / VT6 and the second diode VD2 / VD4 / VD6 are connected in parallel between the second pole of the inverter and one third pole of the inverter.

[0152] As shown in FIG. 23, the first transistor VT1 and the first diode VD1 constitute the first switching element of one phase leg of the inverter, and the second transistor VT2 and the second diode VD2 constitute the second switching element of one phase leg of the inverter. The first transistor VT3 and the first diode VD3 constitute the first switching element of one phase leg of the inverter, and the second transistor VT4 and the second diode VD4 constitute the second switching element of one phase leg of the inverter. The first transistor VT5 and the first diode VD5 constitute the first switching element of one phase leg of the inverter, and the second transistor VT6 and the second diode VD6 constitute the second switching element of one phase leg of the inverter.

[0153] As shown in FIG. 23, in the case that the third pole of the inverter is turned on to the second pole, the second transistor VT2 / VT4 / VT6 is configured to be turned on, and the second diode VD2 / VD4 / VD6 is configured to be turned off.

[0154] As shown in FIG. 25, in the case that the third phase to the first phase of the inverter is turned on, the first transistor VT1 / VT3 / VT5 is configured to be off, and the first diode VD1 / VD3 / VD5 is configured to be on.

[0155] As shown in FIG. 26, in the case that the second phase to the third phase of the inverter is turned on, the second transistor VT2 / VT4 / VT6 is configured to be off, and the second diode VD2 / VD4 / VD6 is configured to be on.

[0156] As shown in FIG. 28, in the case that the first phase to the third phase of the inverter is turned on, the first transistor VT1 / VT3 / VT5 is configured to be on, and the first diode VD1 / VD3 / VD5 is off.

[0157] In the case that the first phase and the third phase, or the second phase and the third phase of the inverter are turned on, the first phase and the third phase, or the second phase and the third phase of the inverter can be electrically connected through the first switching element or the second switching element of at least one phase arm.

[0158] For example, in the case that the inverter includes three phase arms, as shown in FIG. 25, the third phase and the first phase of the inverter can be electrically connected through one or more (two or more) of the first diode VD1, the first diode VD3 and the first diode VD5.

[0159] As shown in FIG. 27, the second phase and the third phase of the inverter can be electrically connected through one or more (two or more) of the second diode VD2, the second diode VD4 and the second diode VD6.

[0160] As shown in FIG. 28, the first phase and the third phase of the inverter can be electrically connected through one or more (two or more) of the first transistor VT1, the first transistor VT3 and the first transistor VT5.

[0161] When the battery charging heating is turned on, the battery can be heated at the same time of charging by controlling the change of the on direction of the inverter, the high-power battery heating can be realized, and the current of each phase arm of the inverter is balanced, and the heating is consistent. In this way, the high-power heating can be realized at low temperature, the motor phase current is basically consistent, and the heating of the battery is uniform.

[0162] The above is only a specific embodiment of the present disclosure, but the protection scope of the present disclosure is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily think of changes or replacements within the technical range disclosed by the present disclosure, which should be covered within the protection scope of the present disclosure. Therefore, the protection scope of the present disclosure should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A charging and discharging circuit, comprising: a first branch electrically connecting a first pole of a battery and a first pole of a charging and discharging port; a first switch module being electrically connected on the first branch; a second branch electrically connecting a second pole of the battery and a second pole of the charging and discharging port; and a shunt branch comprising a voltage conversion module and a second switch module connected in series with the voltage conversion module, the shunt branch being connected between the charging and discharging port and the battery; when the battery is charged in a first charging mode or the battery is used to discharge externally in a first discharging mode, the first switch module and the second switch module are configured to be closed, so that a part of current flows through the first branch and another part of current flows through the shunt branch, the first charging mode comprising a charging mode without voltage conversion by the voltage conversion module, and the first discharging mode comprising a discharging mode without voltage conversion by the voltage conversion module. The voltage conversion module comprises an inverter and a motor; two poles of the inverter are respectively electrically connected to the first pole of the battery and the second pole of the battery, a first end of the motor is electrically connected to the inverter, a second end of the motor is electrically connected to the first pole of the charging and discharging port or the first pole of the battery, and the second switch module is connected in series with the inverter and the motor.

2. The charge and discharge circuit according to claim 1, wherein The first pole of the inverter is electrically connected to the first pole of the battery, the second pole of the inverter is electrically connected to the second pole of the battery, and the third pole of the inverter is electrically connected to the first end of the motor; the second end of the motor is electrically connected to the first pole of the charging and discharging port.

3. The charge and discharge circuit according to claim 2, wherein When an external power source is connected to the charging and discharging port to charge the battery, the inverter is configured to be conductive from the third pole of the inverter to the first pole of the inverter, so that the another part of current flows from the first pole of the charging and discharging port, sequentially through the motor and the inverter, to the first pole of the battery.

4. The charge and discharge circuit according to claim 3, wherein When the battery discharges externally, the inverter is configured to be conductive from the first pole of the inverter to the third pole of the inverter, so that the another part of current flows from the first pole of the battery, sequentially through the inverter and the motor, to the first pole of the charging and discharging port.

5. The charge and discharge circuit according to claim 3, wherein When an external power source is connected to the charging and discharging port to charge the battery, the inverter is configured to be conductive from the first pole of the inverter to the third pole of the inverter, so that the another part of current flows from the first pole of the battery, sequentially through the inverter, the motor and the second switch module, to the first pole of the charging and discharging port.

6. The charge and discharge circuit according to claim 3, wherein When the battery discharges externally, the inverter is configured to be conductive from the third pole of the inverter to the first pole of the inverter, so that the another part of current flows from the first pole of the charging and discharging port, sequentially through the motor and the inverter, to the first pole of the battery.

7. The charge and discharge circuit according to claim 3, wherein The first switch module is electrically connected between the first pole of the inverter and the first pole of the charging and discharging port; the second end of the motor is electrically connected to the first pole of the charging and discharging port through the second switch module.

8. The charge and discharge circuit according to any one of claims 3 to 7, wherein ​ 9. The charge and discharge circuit according to claim 2, wherein The first pole of the inverter is electrically connected to the first pole of the battery, the second pole of the inverter is electrically connected to the second pole of the battery, and the third pole of the inverter is electrically connected to the first end of the motor; The second end of the motor is electrically connected to the first pole of the battery.

10. The charge and discharge circuit according to claim 9, wherein When the external power source accesses the charge-discharge port to charge the battery, the inverter is configured to be conducted from the first pole of the inverter to the third pole of the inverter, so that the other part of the current passes from the first pole of the charge-discharge port, in turn through the inverter and the motor, to the first pole of the battery.

11. The charge and discharge circuit according to claim 9, wherein When the battery discharges externally, the inverter is configured to be conducted from the third pole of the inverter to the first pole of the inverter, so that the other part of the current passes from the first pole of the battery, in turn through the motor and the inverter, to the first pole of the charge-discharge port.

12. The charge and discharge circuit according to claim 9, wherein When the external power source accesses the charge-discharge port to charge the battery, the inverter is configured to be conducted from the third pole of the inverter to the first pole of the inverter, so that the other part of the current passes from the first pole of the battery, in turn through the motor and the inverter, to the first pole of the charge-discharge port.

13. The charge and discharge circuit according to claim 9, wherein When the battery discharges externally, the inverter is configured to be conducted from the first pole of the inverter to the third pole of the inverter, so that the other part of the current passes from the first pole of the charge-discharge port, in turn through the inverter and the motor, to the first pole of the battery.

14. The charge and discharge circuit according to any one of claims 9 to 13, wherein The first switch module is electrically connected between the first pole of the inverter and the first pole of the battery; and the second end of the motor is electrically connected to the first pole of the battery through the second switch module.

15. The charge and discharge circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 14, further comprising a first capacitor, a first terminal of the first capacitor being electrically connected to the first pole of the battery, and a second terminal of the first capacitor being electrically connected to the second pole of the battery; wherein, The charge-discharge circuit further comprises at least one of a third switch module or a fourth switch module; The third switch module is electrically connected between the first pole of the battery and the first switch module; and 16. The charge and discharge circuit according to claim 15, wherein The third switch module is electrically connected between the first pole of the inverter and the first pole of the battery. The charge-discharge circuit further comprises at least one of a fifth switch module or a sixth switch module; The fifth switch module is electrically connected between the first pole of the charge-discharge port and the first end of the second capacitor; and the sixth switch module is electrically connected between the second pole of the charge-discharge port and the second end of the second capacitor.

17. The charge and discharge circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 16, further comprising a second capacitor, a first terminal of the second capacitor being electrically connected to a first pole of the charge and discharge port, and a second terminal of the second capacitor being electrically connected to a second pole of the charge and discharge port; wherein, The first branch comprises a first connecting line, and the shunt branch comprises a second connecting line; The impedance of the first connecting line is greater than the impedance of the second connecting line.

18. The charge and discharge circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 17, wherein, The material of the first connecting line comprises aluminum-magnesium alloy or aluminum alloy, and the material of the second connecting line comprises copper. The motor comprises a winding coil, a first end of the winding coil is electrically connected to the first end of the motor, and a second end of the winding coil is electrically connected to the second end of the motor; 19. The charge and discharge circuit according to claim 18, wherein ​ 20. The charge and discharge circuit according to claim 3, wherein ​ In the case of heating the battery, the charging and discharging circuit has a first stage and a second stage, and the charging and discharging circuit switches between the first stage and the second stage; In the first stage, the charging and discharging circuit satisfies one of the following: The charging and discharging port, the inverter and the winding coil form a loop; and The battery, the inverter and the winding coil form a loop; In the second stage, the charged winding coil and the inverter form a loop.

21. The charge and discharge circuit according to claim 20, wherein In the first stage, the inverter is configured to turn on from the third pole of the inverter to the second pole of the inverter; the charging and discharging circuit satisfies one of the following: The second switch module is configured to be closed to make the current form a loop from the first pole of the charging and discharging port, through the second switch module, the winding coil, the inverter, to the second pole of the charging and discharging port; and The first switch module and the second switch module are configured to be closed to make the current form a loop from the first pole of the battery, through the first switch module, the second switch module, the winding coil, the inverter, to the second pole of the battery.

22. The charge and discharge circuit according to claim 21, wherein In the second stage, the inverter is configured to turn on from the third pole of the inverter to the first pole of the inverter, and the first switch module and the second switch module are configured to be closed to make the current form a loop from the first end of the winding coil, through the inverter, the first switch module, the second switch module, to the second end of the winding coil.

23. The charge and discharge circuit according to claim 3, wherein The motor comprises a winding coil, a first end of the winding coil is electrically connected to a first end of the motor, and a second end of the winding coil is electrically connected to a second end of the motor; In the case of heating the battery, the charging and discharging circuit has a first stage and a second stage, and the charging and discharging circuit switches between the first stage and the second stage; In the first stage, the charging and discharging circuit satisfies one of the following: The voltage provided by the charging and discharging port; and The voltage output by the battery charges the winding coil through the inverter; In the second stage, the charged winding coil is discharged through the inverter.

24. The charge and discharge circuit according to claim 23, wherein In the first stage, the inverter is configured to turn on from the second pole of the inverter to the third pole of the inverter; the charging and discharging circuit satisfies one of the following: The second switch module is configured to be closed to make the current form a loop from the second pole of the charging and discharging port, through the inverter, the winding coil, the second switch module, to the first pole of the charging and discharging port; and The first switch module and the second switch module are configured to be closed to make the current form a loop from the second pole of the battery, through the inverter, the winding coil, the second switch module, the first switch module, to the first pole of the battery.

25. The charge and discharge circuit according to claim 24, wherein In the second stage, the inverter is configured to turn on the third pole to the first pole of the inverter, and the first switch module and the second switch module are configured to be closed, so that the current forms a loop from the first end of the winding coil, through the inverter, the first switch module, the second switch module, to the second end of the winding coil.

26. The charge and discharge circuit according to claim 9, wherein The motor comprises a winding coil, a first end of the winding coil is electrically connected to a first end of the motor, and a second end of the winding coil is electrically connected to a second end of the motor. In the case of heating the battery, the charging and discharging circuit has a first stage and a second stage, and the charging and discharging circuit switches between the first stage and the second stage; In the first stage, the charging and discharging circuit satisfies one of the following conditions: The voltage provided by the charging and discharging port; and The voltage output by the battery charges the winding coil through the inverter; In the second stage, the charged winding coil is discharged through the inverter.

27. The charge and discharge circuit according to claim 26, wherein In the first stage, the inverter is configured to turn on the third pole to the second pole of the inverter; the charging and discharging circuit satisfies one of the following conditions: The first switch module and the second switch module are configured to be closed, so that the current forms a loop from the first pole of the charging and discharging port, through the first switch module, the second switch module, the winding coil, the inverter, to the second pole of the charging and discharging port; and The second switch module is configured to be closed, so that the current forms a loop from the first pole of the battery, through the second switch module, the winding coil, the inverter, to the second pole of the battery.

28. The charge and discharge circuit according to claim 27, wherein In the second stage, the inverter is configured to turn on the third pole to the first pole of the inverter, and the first switch module and the second switch module are configured to be closed, so that the current forms a loop from the first end of the winding coil, through the inverter, the first switch module, the second switch module, to the second end of the winding coil.

29. The charge and discharge circuit according to claim 9, wherein The motor comprises a winding coil, a first end of the winding coil is electrically connected to a first end of the motor, and a second end of the winding coil is electrically connected to a second end of the motor. In the case of heating the battery, the charging and discharging circuit has a first stage and a second stage, and the charging and discharging circuit switches between the first stage and the second stage; In the first stage, the charging and discharging circuit satisfies one of the following conditions: The charging and discharging port, the inverter and the winding coil form a loop; and The battery, the inverter and the winding coil form a loop; In the second stage, the charged winding coil forms a loop with the inverter.

30. The charge and discharge circuit according to claim 29, wherein In the first stage, the inverter is configured to turn on the second pole to the third pole of the inverter; the charging and discharging circuit satisfies one of the following conditions: The first switch module and the second switch module are configured to be closed to form a loop for the current from the second pole of the charge-discharge port, through the inverter, the winding coil, the second switch module, the first switch module, to the first pole of the charge-discharge port, in sequence. The second switch module is configured to be closed to form a loop for the current from the second pole of the battery, through the inverter, the winding coil, the second switch module, to the first pole of the battery, in sequence.

31. The charge and discharge circuit according to claim 30, wherein In the second phase, the inverter is configured to be on from the first pole of the inverter to the third pole of the inverter, and the first switch module and the second switch module are configured to be closed to form a loop for the current from the second end of the winding coil, through the second switch module, the first switch module, the inverter, to the first end of the winding coil, in sequence.

32. The charge and discharge circuit according to any one of claims 3 to 31, wherein, The inverter comprises: a plurality of phase bridge arms in parallel; each phase bridge arm in the plurality of phase bridge arms is electrically connected between the first pole of the inverter and the second pole of the inverter; The first switch element and the second switch element of each phase bridge arm are electrically connected in parallel between the first pole of the inverter and the third pole of the inverter.

33. The charge and discharge circuit according to claim 32, wherein The motor comprises: at least one set of winding coils, the first end of the at least one set of winding coils being electrically connected to the first end of the motor, and the second end of the at least one set of winding coils being electrically connected to the second end of the motor; The first end of a set of winding coils in the at least one set of winding coils is electrically connected to the third pole of the inverter.

34. The charge and discharge circuit according to claim 32 or 33, wherein The first switch element comprises a first transistor and a first diode, and the second switch element comprises a second transistor and a second diode; the first transistor and the first diode are connected in parallel between the first pole of the inverter and the third pole of the inverter, and the second transistor and the second diode are connected in parallel between the second pole of the inverter and the third pole of the inverter.

35. The charge and discharge circuit according to claim 34, wherein In the case of being on from the first pole of the inverter to the third pole of the inverter, the first transistor is configured to be on, and the first diode is configured to be off; In the case of being on from the third pole of the inverter to the first pole of the inverter, the first transistor is configured to be off, and the first diode is configured to be on; In the case of being on from the second pole of the inverter to the third pole of the inverter, the second transistor is configured to be off, and the second diode is configured to be on; In the case of being on from the third pole to the second pole of the inverter, the second transistor is configured to be on, and the second diode is configured to be off.

36. A charge-discharge system, comprising: a charge-discharge circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 35; and a controller electrically connected with the inverter of the voltage conversion module, the first switch module and the second switch module, respectively; the controller is configured to control the first switch module to form the first branch, and control the second switch module and the inverter to form the shunt branch. 37.A vehicle comprising the charging and discharging system according to claim 36.

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