Method and device for selecting beam to be reported in machine learning-based beam management

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method by which a terminal selects a beam to be reported in machine learning-based beam management, the method comprising the steps of: receiving, from a base station, configuration information of a measurement resource set and M number of report beams for AI / ML inference; determining, on the basis of measurement values of the measured beams, a beam to be reported; and transmitting the determined beam information to the base station, wherein, when the number of candidate beams to be reported exceeds M due to tie beams having the same or similar measurement values, the final beams to be reported are determined by excluding at least one from among same through a tie beam processing operation.

Description

Method and device for selecting a beam to be reported in machine learning-based beam management

[0001] The present invention relates to a beam management technology for a mobile communication system, and more particularly, to a method for selecting target beams to report for model inference in AI (artificial intelligence) / ML (machine learning)-based beam management, and a device therefor.

[0002] The AI / ML Study Item (SI) in progress in 3GPP Release-19 (Rel-19) aims to explore the applicability of AI / ML to radio access networks (RAN). The Rel-19 AI / ML SI is a follow-up to the discussions on AI / ML-based beam management functions (RAN1), CSI reporting optimization (RAN2), and network automation (RAN3) in Release-18 (Rel-18). In particular, discussions are underway on collaborative or independent utilization of UE-sided AI / ML models and network-sided AI / ML models, procedures for configuring, training, inference, and reporting AI / ML models, and standardizable interfaces and parameters. In particular, discussions are underway on the beam management structure of Set A / Set B, improvement of AI / ML-based CSI inference accuracy, definition of beam quality metrics, inference trigger conditions, and formats for quantized reporting.

[0003] Additionally, Rel-19 SI addresses signaling overhead, latency, training dataset management, model version control, and UE capability signaling methods related to AI / ML model operation, and is also studying the structural differences between NW-sided and UE-sided models, standardization requirements, and the possibility of applying a common framework.

[0004] Meanwhile, according to the 3GPP Rel-19 approval, beam reporting for network-side model inference is performed for a set of measurement resources that defines at least four beams, and in the case of BM-Case1, the top M beams (Top M beams) based on the L1-RSRP can be reported according to the value M set by the base station. However, in an actual wireless environment, multiple beams may have the same or similar L1-RSRP values, so in the process of determining the Top M beams, there is a situation where some of the candidate beams with the same or similar measurement values ​​must be selected. Accordingly, in the process of determining the beams to be reported, detailed selection criteria are required for beams with the same or similar values.

[0005] The purpose of the present disclosure to solve the above problems is to provide a method for selecting target beams to report for model inference in AI (artificial intelligence) / ML (machine learning)-based beam management and a device therefor.

[0006] According to embodiments of the present disclosure for achieving the above object, a method of a terminal may include: receiving configuration information of a measurement resource set from a base station; receiving configuration information on the number M of beams to be reported for AI / ML model inference from the base station, wherein M is a natural number; determining reporting target beams based on measurement values ​​of beams measured by measurement resources belonging to the measurement resource set; and transmitting a reporting message including information on the determined reporting target beams to the base station, wherein when two or more tied beams having the same measurement value or similar measurement values ​​among the measured beams are included in reporting target candidate beams and the number of the reporting target candidate beams exceeds M, at least one beam among the two or more tied beams may be excluded through a tie beam processing operation to determine the reporting target beams.

[0007] If M is equal to or greater than the number of the measured beams, the beams to be reported may include all of the measured beams.

[0008] The above measurement values ​​may be L1-RSRP (layer 1-reference signal received power) values ​​of the measured beams or quantized values ​​of the L1-RSRP values.

[0009] Two or more beams having the above similar measurement values ​​may be beams having measurement values ​​within a predetermined difference.

[0010] The above-described tied beam processing operation may be performed based on at least one of: a method for determining the reporting target beams based on actual L1-RSRP values ​​of the two or more tied beams; a method for determining the reporting target beams based on previously measured L1-RSRP values ​​of the two or more tied beams; a method for determining the reporting target beams based on measurement points in time for the two or more tied beams; a method for determining the reporting target beams based on types of measurement resources corresponding to the two or more tied beams; or a method for determining less than M beams as the reporting target beams.

[0011] The method based on the actual L1-RSRP values ​​of the two or more tying beams may be a method of determining the at least one beam based on the pre-quantized values ​​of the L1-RSRP values ​​for the two or more beams.

[0012] The method based on the L1-RSRP values ​​measured in the past for the two or more tying beams may be a method of determining the at least one beam based on an average of the L1-RSRP values ​​measured over a predetermined time period for each of the two or more tying beams, or an amount or rate of change in L1-RSRP at a recent point in time for each of the two or more tying beams.

[0013] The method of determining the reporting target beams based on the measurement time points for the two or more tying beams may be a method of determining the at least one beam by giving a high priority to a beam received at a later time point among the two or more tying beams.

[0014] A method for determining the reporting target beams based on the types of measurement resources corresponding to the two or more identical beams may be a method for determining the at least one beam by giving high priority to the measurement resources according to the type-specific order of SSB (synchronization signal block), beam measurement CSI-RS (channel state information-reference signal), DMRS, and TRS (tracking reference signal).

[0015] The method of determining beams less than M as the report target beams may be a method of determining the report target beams by excluding beam(s) having a measurement value less than a first threshold value among the report target candidate beams, beam(s) having a difference from a measurement value of another beam by a second threshold value or more, or beam(s) having a difference from a measurement value of a beam having the largest measurement value among the report target candidate beams by a third threshold value or more.

[0016] According to embodiments of the present disclosure for achieving the above object, a method of a base station may include: transmitting configuration information of a measurement resource set to a terminal; transmitting configuration information on the number M of beams to be reported for AI / ML model inference to the terminal, wherein M is a natural number; and receiving a report message including information on beams for model inference from the terminal, wherein the beams for model inference may be determined by excluding at least one beam among the two or more tied beams through a tied beam processing operation performed in the terminal when the number of candidate beams for reporting, which include two or more tied beams having the same measurement value or similar measurement values ​​among beams measured by measurement resources belonging to the measurement resource set, exceeds M.

[0017] If M is equal to or greater than the number of the measured beams, the beams for model inference may include all of the measured beams.

[0018] The above measurement values ​​may be L1-RSRP (layer 1-reference signal received power) values ​​of the measured beams or quantized values ​​of the L1-RSRP values.

[0019] Two or more beams having the above similar measurement values ​​may be beams having measurement values ​​within a predetermined difference.

[0020] The above-described tied beam processing operation may be performed based on at least one of: a method for determining the reporting target beams based on actual L1-RSRP values ​​of the two or more tied beams; a method for determining the reporting target beams based on previously measured L1-RSRP values ​​of the two or more tied beams; a method for determining the reporting target beams based on measurement points in time for the two or more tied beams; a method for determining the reporting target beams based on types of measurement resources corresponding to the two or more tied beams; or a method for determining less than M beams as the reporting target beams.

[0021] According to embodiments of the present disclosure for achieving the above object, a terminal includes: at least one processor, wherein the at least one processor is configured to perform the steps of: receiving configuration information of a measurement resource set from a base station; receiving configuration information on a number M of beams to be reported for AI / ML model inference from the base station, wherein M is a natural number; determining reporting target beams based on measurement values ​​of beams measured by measurement resources belonging to the measurement resource set; and transmitting a reporting message including information on the determined reporting target beams to the base station, wherein when two or more tied beams having the same measurement value or similar measurement values ​​among the measured beams are included in reporting target candidate beams and the number of the reporting target candidate beams exceeds M, at least one beam among the two or more tied beams can be excluded through a tie beam processing operation to determine the reporting target beams.

[0022] If M is equal to or greater than the number of the measured beams, the beams to be reported may include all of the measured beams.

[0023] The above measurement values ​​may be L1-RSRP (layer 1-reference signal received power) values ​​of the measured beams or quantized values ​​of the L1-RSRP values.

[0024] Two or more beams having the above similar measurement values ​​may be beams having measurement values ​​within a predetermined difference.

[0025] The above-described tied beam processing operation may be performed based on at least one of: a method for determining the reporting target beams based on actual L1-RSRP values ​​of the two or more tied beams; a method for determining the reporting target beams based on previously measured L1-RSRP values ​​of the two or more tied beams; a method for determining the reporting target beams based on measurement points in time for the two or more tied beams; a method for determining the reporting target beams based on types of measurement resources corresponding to the two or more tied beams; or a method for determining less than M beams as the reporting target beams.

[0026] When applying embodiments of the present disclosure, when beams with identical measurement values ​​are generated in a measurement reporting operation for inference of a network-sided AI / ML model, the beams to be reported can be determined based on the number of beams to be reported set by the base station. Accordingly, information regarding the ranking of measurement values ​​of the beams to be reported can be clearly shared between the base station and the terminal, thereby ensuring the performance of the AI / ML model inference.

[0027] Figure 1 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a first embodiment of a communication system.

[0028] Figure 2 is a block diagram illustrating a first embodiment of a communication node constituting a communication system.

[0029] Figure 3 is a block diagram illustrating a first embodiment of communication nodes performing communication.

[0030] Figure 4a is a block diagram illustrating a first embodiment of a transmission path.

[0031] Figure 4b is a block diagram illustrating a first embodiment of a receiving path.

[0032] Figure 5 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a first embodiment of a system frame in a communication system.

[0033] Figure 6 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a first embodiment of a subframe in a communication system.

[0034] Figure 7 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a first embodiment of a slot in a communication system.

[0035] Figure 8 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a first embodiment of time-frequency resources in a communication system.

[0036] Figure 9 is a conceptual diagram for explaining the transmission timing of beams according to the present disclosure.

[0037] FIG. 10 is a flowchart illustrating a measurement reporting method for model inference according to embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0038] This disclosure may be subject to various modifications and various embodiments. Specific embodiments are illustrated and described in detail in the drawings. However, this is not intended to limit the disclosure to specific embodiments, but rather to encompass all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and technical scope of the disclosure.

[0039] While terms such as "first" and "second" may be used to describe various components, these components should not be limited by these terms. These terms are used solely to distinguish one component from another. For example, without departing from the scope of the present disclosure, a first component could be referred to as a "second component," and similarly, a second component could also be referred to as a "first component." The term "and / or" may refer to a combination of multiple related items described herein or to any of multiple related items described herein.

[0040] In the present disclosure, “at least one of A and B” may mean “at least one of A or B” or “at least one of combinations of one or more of A and B.” Additionally, in the present disclosure, “at least one of A and B” may mean “at least one of A or B” or “at least one of combinations of one or more of A and B.”

[0041] In the present disclosure, (re)transmission may mean “transmission,” “retransmission,” or “transmission and retransmission,” (re)setting may mean “setting,” “resetting,” or “setting and resetting,” (re)connection may mean “connection,” “reconnection,” or “connection and reconnection,” and (re)connection may mean “connection,” “reconnection,” or “connection and reconnection.”

[0042] When a component is referred to as being "connected" or "connected" to another component, it should be understood that it may be directly connected or connected to that other component, but that there may be other components intervening. Conversely, when a component is referred to as being "directly connected" or "connected" to another component, it should be understood that there are no other components intervening.

[0043] The terminology used in this disclosure is only used to describe specific embodiments and is not intended to limit the present disclosure. The singular expression includes the plural expression unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. In this disclosure, it should be understood that the terms "comprises" or "has" indicate the presence of a feature, number, step, operation, component, part, or combination thereof described in the specification, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, numbers, steps, operations, components, parts, or combinations thereof.

[0044] Unless otherwise defined, all terms used herein, including technical or scientific terms, have the same meaning as commonly understood by a person of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure pertains. Terms defined in commonly used dictionaries should be interpreted as having a meaning consistent with their meaning in the context of the relevant technology, and shall not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless explicitly defined herein.

[0045] Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail with reference to the attached drawings. In order to facilitate an overall understanding in describing the present disclosure, the same reference numerals will be used for identical components in the drawings, and redundant descriptions of identical components will be omitted. In addition to the embodiments explicitly described in the present disclosure, operations may be performed according to combinations of embodiments, extensions of embodiments, and / or modifications of embodiments. The performance of some operations may be omitted, and the order of operation may be changed.

[0046]

[0047] This disclosure may be subject to various modifications and various embodiments. Specific embodiments are illustrated and described in detail in the drawings. However, this is not intended to limit the disclosure to specific embodiments, but rather to encompass all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and technical scope of the disclosure.

[0048] While terms such as "first" and "second" may be used to describe various components, these components should not be limited by these terms. These terms are used solely to distinguish one component from another. For example, without departing from the scope of the present disclosure, a first component could be referred to as a "second component," and similarly, a second component could also be referred to as a "first component." The term "and / or" may refer to a combination of multiple related items described herein or to any of multiple related items described herein.

[0049] In the present disclosure, “at least one of A and B” may mean “at least one of A or B” or “at least one of combinations of one or more of A and B.” Additionally, in the present disclosure, “at least one of A and B” may mean “at least one of A or B” or “at least one of combinations of one or more of A and B.”

[0050] In the present disclosure, (re)transmission may mean “transmission,” “retransmission,” or “transmission and retransmission,” (re)setting may mean “setting,” “resetting,” or “setting and resetting,” (re)connection may mean “connection,” “reconnection,” or “connection and reconnection,” and (re)connection may mean “connection,” “reconnection,” or “connection and reconnection.”

[0051] When a component is referred to as being "connected" or "connected" to another component, it should be understood that it may be directly connected or connected to that other component, but that there may be other components intervening. Conversely, when a component is referred to as being "directly connected" or "connected" to another component, it should be understood that there are no other components intervening.

[0052] The terminology used in this disclosure is only used to describe specific embodiments and is not intended to limit the present disclosure. The singular expression includes the plural expression unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. In this disclosure, it should be understood that the terms "comprises" or "has" indicate the presence of a feature, number, step, operation, component, part, or combination thereof described in the specification, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, numbers, steps, operations, components, parts, or combinations thereof.

[0053] Unless otherwise defined, all terms used herein, including technical or scientific terms, have the same meaning as commonly understood by a person of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure pertains. Terms defined in commonly used dictionaries should be interpreted as having a meaning consistent with their meaning in the context of the relevant technology, and shall not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless explicitly defined herein.

[0054] Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail with reference to the attached drawings. In order to facilitate an overall understanding in describing the present disclosure, the same reference numerals will be used for identical components in the drawings, and redundant descriptions of identical components will be omitted. In addition to the embodiments explicitly described in the present disclosure, operations may be performed according to combinations of embodiments, extensions of embodiments, and / or modifications of embodiments. The performance of some operations may be omitted, and the order of operation may be changed.

[0055] In an embodiment, even if a method (e.g., transmitting or receiving a signal) performed by a first communication node among communication nodes is described, a corresponding second communication node can perform a method (e.g., receiving or transmitting a signal) corresponding to the method performed by the first communication node. That is, if an operation of a UE (user equipment) is described, a corresponding base station can perform an operation corresponding to the operation of the UE. Conversely, if an operation of a base station is described, a corresponding UE can perform an operation corresponding to the operation of the base station.

[0056] A base station may be referred to as a NodeB, an evolved NodeB, a gNodeB (next generation node B), a gNB, a device, an apparatus, a node, a communication node, a BTS (base transceiver station), a RRH (radio remote head), a TRP (transmission reception point), a RU (radio unit), an RSU (road side unit), a radio transceiver, an access point, an access node, etc. A UE may be referred to as a terminal, a device, an apparatus, a node, a communication node, an end node, an access terminal, a mobile terminal, a station, a subscriber station, a mobile station, a portable subscriber station, an OBU (on-broad unit), etc.

[0057] In the present disclosure, signaling may be at least one of upper layer signaling, MAC signaling, or PHY (physical) signaling. A message used for upper layer signaling may be referred to as an "upper layer message" or an "upper layer signaling message." A message used for MAC signaling may be referred to as a "MAC message" or a "MAC signaling message." A message used for PHY signaling may be referred to as a "PHY message" or a "PHY signaling message." Upper layer signaling may refer to a transmission and reception operation of system information (e.g., a master information block (MIB), a system information block (SIB)) and / or an RRC message. MAC signaling may refer to a transmission and reception operation of a MAC control element (CE). PHY signaling may refer to a transmission and reception operation of control information (e.g., downlink control information (DCI), uplink control information (UCI), sidelink control information (SCI)).

[0058] In the present disclosure, “an operation (e.g., a transmission operation) is set” may mean that “setting information for the operation (e.g., an information element, a parameter)” and / or “information instructing the performance of the operation” is signaled. “An information element (e.g., a parameter) is set” may mean that the information element is signaled. In the present disclosure, “a signal and / or a channel” may mean a signal, a channel, or “a signal and a channel,” and a signal may be used to mean “a signal and / or a channel.”

[0059] The communication networks to which the embodiments are applied are not limited to those described below, and the embodiments may be applied to various communication networks (e.g., 4G communication networks, 5G communication networks, and / or 6G communication networks). Here, the term "communication network" may be used interchangeably with the term "communication system."

[0060] Figure 1 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a first embodiment of a communication system.

[0061] Referring to FIG. 1, the communication system (100) may include a plurality of communication nodes (110-1, 110-2, 110-3, 120-1, 120-2, 130-1, 130-2, 130-3, 130-4, 130-5, 130-6). In addition, the communication system (100) may further include a core network (e.g., a serving-gateway (S-GW), a packet data network (PDN)-gateway (P-GW), a mobility management entity (MME)). If the communication system (100) is a 5G communication system (e.g., a new radio (NR) system), the core network may include an access and mobility management function (AMF), a user plane function (UPF), a session management function (SMF), etc.

[0062] A plurality of communication nodes (110 to 130) can support a communication protocol specified in the 3rd generation partnership project (3GPP) standard (e.g., LTE communication protocol, LTE-A communication protocol, NR communication protocol, etc.). The plurality of communication nodes (110 to 130) may support CDMA (code division multiple access) technology, WCDMA (wideband CDMA) technology, TDMA (time division multiple access) technology, FDMA (frequency division multiple access) technology, OFDM (orthogonal frequency division multiplexing) technology, Filtered OFDM technology, CP (cyclic prefix)-OFDM technology, DFT-s-OFDM (discrete Fourier transform-spread-OFDM) technology, OFDMA (orthogonal frequency division multiple access) technology, SC (single carrier)-FDMA technology, NOMA (non-orthogonal multiple access) technology, GFDM (generalized frequency division multiplexing) technology, FBMC (filter bank multi-carrier) technology, UFMC (universal filtered multi-carrier) technology, SDMA (space division multiple access) technology, etc. Each of the plurality of communication nodes may have the following structure.

[0063] Figure 2 is a block diagram illustrating a first embodiment of a communication node constituting a communication system.

[0064] Referring to FIG. 2, a communication node (200) may include at least one processor (210), a memory (220), and a transmission / reception device (230) that is connected to a network and performs communication. In addition, the communication node (200) may further include an input interface device (240), an output interface device (250), a storage device (260), etc. Each component included in the communication node (200) may be connected by a bus (270) and communicate with each other.

[0065] The processor (210) can execute program commands stored in at least one of the memory (220) and the storage device (260). The processor (210) may refer to a central processing unit (CPU), a graphics processing unit (GPU), or a dedicated processor in which the methods according to embodiments of the present disclosure are performed. Each of the memory (220) and the storage device (260) may be configured with at least one of a volatile storage medium and a non-volatile storage medium. For example, the memory (220) may be configured with at least one of a read-only memory (ROM) and a random access memory (RAM).

[0066] Referring again to FIG. 1, the communication system (100) may include a plurality of base stations (110-1, 110-2, 110-3, 120-1, 120-2) and a plurality of terminals (130-1, 130-2, 130-3, 130-4, 130-5, 130-6). Each of the first base station (110-1), the second base station (110-2), and the third base station (110-3) may form a macro cell. Each of the fourth base station (120-1) and the fifth base station (120-2) may form a small cell. The fourth base station (120-1), the third terminal (130-3), and the fourth terminal (130-4) may be within the cell coverage of the first base station (110-1). The second terminal (130-2), the fourth terminal (130-4), and the fifth terminal (130-5) may be within the cell coverage of the second base station (110-2). The fifth base station (120-2), the fourth terminal (130-4), the fifth terminal (130-5), and the sixth terminal (130-6) may be within the cell coverage of the third base station (110-3). The first terminal (130-1) may be within the cell coverage of the fourth base station (120-1). The sixth terminal (130-6) may be within the cell coverage of the fifth base station (120-2).

[0067] Here, each of the plurality of base stations (110-1, 110-2, 110-3, 120-1, 120-2) may be referred to as a NodeB (NB), an evolved NodeB (eNB), a gNB, an advanced base station (ABS), a high reliability-base station (HR-BS), a base transceiver station (BTS), a radio base station, a radio transceiver, an access point, an access node, a radio access station (RAS), a mobile multihop relay-base station (MMR-BS), a relay station (RS), an advanced relay station (ARS), a high reliability-relay station (HR-RS), a home NodeB (HNB), a home eNodeB (HeNB), a road side unit (RSU), a radio remote head (RRH), a transmission point (TP), a transmission and reception point (TRP), etc.

[0068] Each of the plurality of terminals (130-1, 130-2, 130-3, 130-4, 130-5, 130-6) may be referred to as a user equipment (UE), terminal equipment (TE), advanced mobile station (AMS), high reliability-mobile station (HR-MS), terminal, access terminal, mobile terminal, station, subscriber station, mobile station, portable subscriber station, node, device, on board unit (OBU), etc.

[0069] Meanwhile, each of the plurality of base stations (110-1, 110-2, 110-3, 120-1, 120-2) may operate in a different frequency band or may operate in the same frequency band. Each of the plurality of base stations (110-1, 110-2, 110-3, 120-1, 120-2) may be connected to each other via an ideal backhaul link or a non-ideal backhaul link, and may exchange information with each other via the ideal backhaul link or the non-ideal backhaul link. Each of the plurality of base stations (110-1, 110-2, 110-3, 120-1, 120-2) may be connected to the core network via the ideal backhaul link or the non-ideal backhaul link. Each of the plurality of base stations (110-1, 110-2, 110-3, 120-1, 120-2) can transmit a signal received from the core network to the corresponding terminal (130-1, 130-2, 130-3, 130-4, 130-5, 130-6), and can transmit a signal received from the corresponding terminal (130-1, 130-2, 130-3, 130-4, 130-5, 130-6) to the core network.

[0070] Additionally, each of the plurality of base stations (110-1, 110-2, 110-3, 120-1, 120-2) may support MIMO transmission (e.g., single user (SU)-MIMO, multi user (MU)-MIMO, massive MIMO, etc.), coordinated multipoint (CoMP) transmission, carrier aggregation (CA) transmission, transmission in an unlicensed band, sidelink communication (e.g., device to device communication (D2D), proximity services (ProSe)), Internet of Things (IoT) communication, dual connectivity (DC), etc. Here, each of the plurality of terminals (130-1, 130-2, 130-3, 130-4, 130-5, 130-6) can perform an operation corresponding to the base station (110-1, 110-2, 110-3, 120-1, 120-2) and an operation supported by the base station (110-1, 110-2, 110-3, 120-1, 120-2). For example, the second base station (110-2) can transmit a signal to the fourth terminal (130-4) based on the SU-MIMO scheme, and the fourth terminal (130-4) can receive a signal from the second base station (110-2) by the SU-MIMO scheme. Alternatively, the second base station (110-2) can transmit signals to the fourth terminal (130-4) and the fifth terminal (130-5) based on the MU-MIMO method, and each of the fourth terminal (130-4) and the fifth terminal (130-5) can receive signals from the second base station (110-2) based on the MU-MIMO method.

[0071] Each of the first base station (110-1), the second base station (110-2), and the third base station (110-3) can transmit a signal to the fourth terminal (130-4) based on the CoMP scheme, and the fourth terminal (130-4) can receive a signal from the first base station (110-1), the second base station (110-2), and the third base station (110-3) based on the CoMP scheme. Each of the plurality of base stations (110-1, 110-2, 110-3, 120-1, 120-2) can transmit and receive a signal with terminals (130-1, 130-2, 130-3, 130-4, 130-5, 130-6) within its cell coverage based on the CA scheme. Each of the first base station (110-1), the second base station (110-2), and the third base station (110-3) can control sidelink communication between the fourth terminal (130-4) and the fifth terminal (130-5), and each of the fourth terminal (130-4) and the fifth terminal (130-5) can perform sidelink communication under the control of the second base station (110-2) and the third base station (110-3), respectively.

[0072] Meanwhile, communication nodes performing communication in a communication network may be configured as follows. The communication node illustrated in Fig. 3 may be a specific embodiment of the communication node illustrated in Fig. 2.

[0073] Figure 3 is a block diagram illustrating a first embodiment of communication nodes performing communication.

[0074] Referring to FIG. 3, each of the first communication node (300a) and the second communication node (300b) may be a base station or a UE. The first communication node (300a) may transmit a signal to the second communication node (300b). The transmission processor (311) included in the first communication node (300a) may receive data (e.g., a data unit) from a data source (310). The transmission processor (311) may receive control information from the controller (316). The control information may include at least one of system information, RRC configuration information (e.g., information configured by RRC signaling), MAC control information (e.g., MAC CE), or PHY control information (e.g., DCI, SCI).

[0075] The transmitting processor (311) may perform a processing operation on data (e.g., an encoding operation, a symbol mapping operation, etc.) to generate data symbol(s). The transmitting processor (311) may perform a processing operation on control information (e.g., an encoding operation, a symbol mapping operation, etc.) to generate control symbol(s). In addition, the transmitting processor (311) may generate synchronization / reference symbol(s) for a synchronization signal and / or a reference signal.

[0076] The Tx MIMO processor (312) may perform a spatial processing operation (e.g., a precoding operation) on data symbol(s), control symbol(s), and / or synchronization / reference symbol(s). The output (e.g., a symbol stream) of the Tx MIMO processor (312) may be provided to modulators (MODs) included in the transceivers (313a to 313t). The modulators (MODs) may perform a processing operation on the symbol stream to generate modulation symbols, and may perform an additional processing operation (e.g., an analog conversion operation, an amplification operation, a filtering operation, an upconversion operation) on the modulation symbols to generate signals. The signals generated by the modulators (MODs) of the transceivers (313a to 313t) may be transmitted via the antennas (314a to 314t).

[0077] Signals transmitted by the first communication node (300a) may be received by antennas (364a to 364r) of the second communication node (300b). Signals received by the antennas (364a to 364r) may be provided to demodulators (DEMODs) included in transceivers (363a to 363r). The demodulator (DEMOD) may perform a processing operation (e.g., a filtering operation, an amplification operation, a downconversion operation, a digital conversion operation) on the signal to obtain samples. The demodulator (DEMOD) may perform an additional processing operation on the samples to obtain symbols. The MIMO detector (362) may perform a MIMO detection operation on the symbols. The receiving processor (361) may perform a processing operation (e.g., a deinterleaving operation, a decoding operation) on the symbols. The output of the receiving processor (361) may be provided to a data sink (360) and a controller (366). For example, data may be provided to the data sink (360), and control information may be provided to the controller (366).

[0078] Meanwhile, the second communication node (300b) can transmit a signal to the first communication node (300a). The transmitting processor (368) included in the second communication node (300b) can receive data (e.g., data units) from a data source (367) and perform a processing operation on the data to generate data symbol(s). The transmitting processor (368) can receive control information from the controller (366) and perform a processing operation on the control information to generate control symbol(s). In addition, the transmitting processor (368) can perform a processing operation on a reference signal to generate reference symbol(s).

[0079] The Tx MIMO processor (369) may perform spatial processing operations (e.g., precoding operations) on data symbol(s), control symbol(s), and / or reference symbol(s). The output (e.g., symbol stream) of the Tx MIMO processor (369) may be provided to modulators (MODs) included in the transceivers (363a to 363t). The modulators (MODs) may perform processing operations on the symbol streams to generate modulation symbols, and may perform additional processing operations (e.g., analog conversion operations, amplification operations, filtering operations, upconversion operations) on the modulation symbols to generate signals. The signals generated by the modulators (MODs) of the transceivers (363a to 363t) may be transmitted via the antennas (364a to 364t).

[0080] Signals transmitted by the second communication node (300b) may be received by the antennas (314a to 314r) of the first communication node (300a). The signals received by the antennas (314a to 314r) may be provided to demodulators (DEMODs) included in the transceivers (313a to 313r). The demodulator (DEMOD) may perform a processing operation (e.g., a filtering operation, an amplification operation, a downconversion operation, a digital conversion operation) on the signal to obtain samples. The demodulator (DEMOD) may perform an additional processing operation on the samples to obtain symbols. The MIMO detector (320) may perform a MIMO detection operation on the symbols. The receiving processor (319) may perform a processing operation (e.g., a deinterleaving operation, a decoding operation) on the symbols. The output of the receiving processor (319) may be provided to a data sink (318) and a controller (316). For example, data may be provided to the data sink (318) and control information may be provided to the controller (316).

[0081] Memories (315 and 365) can store data, control information, and / or program code. Scheduler (317) can perform scheduling operations for communication. The processors (311, 312, 319, 361, 368, 369) and controllers (316, 366) illustrated in FIG. 3 may be the processor (210) illustrated in FIG. 2 and may be used to perform the methods described in the present disclosure.

[0082] FIG. 4a is a block diagram illustrating a first embodiment of a transmission path, and FIG. 4b is a block diagram illustrating a first embodiment of a reception path.

[0083] Referring to FIGS. 4A and 4B, a transmission path (410) may be implemented in a communication node that transmits a signal, and a reception path (420) may be implemented in a communication node that receives a signal. The transmission path (410) may include a channel coding and modulation block (411), an S-to-P (serial-to-parallel) block (512), an N IFFT (Inverse Fast Fourier Transform) block (413), a P-to-S (parallel-to-serial) block (414), a CP (cyclic prefix) addition block (415), and an UC (up-converter) (UC) (416). The receiving path (420) may include a DC (down-converter) (421), a CP removal block (422), an S-to-P block (423), an N FFT block (424), a P-to-S block (425), and a channel decoding and demodulation block (426). Here, N may be a natural number.

[0084] In the transmission path (410), information bits may be input to a channel coding and modulation block (411). The channel coding and modulation block (411) may perform a coding operation (e.g., a low-density parity check (LDPC) coding operation, a polar coding operation, etc.) and a modulation operation (e.g., a quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK), a quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM), etc.) on the information bits. The output of the channel coding and modulation block (411) may be a sequence of modulation symbols.

[0085] The S-to-P block (412) can convert modulation symbols in the frequency domain into parallel symbol streams to generate N parallel symbol streams. N can be an IFFT size or an FFT size. The N IFFT block (413) can perform an IFFT operation on the N parallel symbol streams to generate signals in the time domain. The P-to-S block (414) can convert the output (e.g., parallel signals) of the N IFFT block (413) into a serial signal to generate a serial signal.

[0086] The CP addition block (415) can insert a CP into a signal. The UC (416) can up-convert the frequency of the output of the CP addition block (415) to an RF (radio frequency) frequency. Additionally, the output of the CP addition block (415) can be filtered at the baseband before up-conversion.

[0087] A signal transmitted from a transmission path (410) may be input to a reception path (420). An operation in the reception path (420) may be the reverse operation of the operation in the transmission path (410). A DC (421) may down-convert the frequency of the received signal to a baseband frequency. A CP removal block (422) may remove a CP from a signal. The output of the CP removal block (422) may be a serial signal. An S-to-P block (423) may convert the serial signal into parallel signals. An N FFT block (424) may perform an FFT algorithm to generate N parallel signals. A P-to-S block (425) may convert the parallel signals into a sequence of modulation symbols. A channel decoding and demodulation block (426) may perform a demodulation operation on the modulation symbols and perform a decoding operation on the result of the demodulation operation to restore data.

[0088] In FIGS. 4A and 4B , Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) and Inverse DFT (IDFT) may be used instead of FFT and IFFT. Each of the blocks (e.g., components) in FIGS. 4A and 4B may be implemented by at least one of hardware, software, or firmware. For example, some of the blocks in FIGS. 4A and 4B may be implemented by software, and the remaining blocks may be implemented by hardware or a “combination of hardware and software.” In FIGS. 4A and 4B , a block may be subdivided into multiple blocks, multiple blocks may be integrated into a single block, some blocks may be omitted, and blocks supporting other functions may be added.

[0089] Figure 5 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a first embodiment of a system frame in a communication system.

[0090] Referring to FIG. 5, time resources in a communication system can be divided into frame units. For example, system frames can be set consecutively in the time domain of the communication system. The length of a system frame can be 10 ms (milliseconds). The system frame number (SFN) can be set from #0 to #1023. In this case, 1024 system frames can be repeated in the time domain of the communication system. For example, the SFN of the system frame after system frame #1023 can be #0.

[0091] A system frame may include two half frames. A half frame may be 5 ms long. A half frame located at the beginning of the system frame may be referred to as "half frame #0," and a half frame located at the end of the system frame may be referred to as "half frame #1." A system frame may include 10 subframes. A subframe may be 1 ms long. The 10 subframes within a system frame may be referred to as "subframes #0-9."

[0092] Figure 6 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a first embodiment of a subframe in a communication system.

[0093] Referring to FIG. 6, one subframe may include n slots, where n may be a natural number. Accordingly, one subframe may be composed of one or more slots.

[0094] Figure 7 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a first embodiment of a slot in a communication system.

[0095] Referring to Figure 7, a single slot may include one or more symbols. A single slot illustrated in Figure 7 may include 14 symbols. The length of a slot may vary depending on the number and length of symbols contained in the slot. Alternatively, the length of a slot may vary depending on the numerology.

[0096] In a communication system, the numerology applied to physical signals and channels may be variable. The numerology may be variable to meet various technical requirements of the communication system. In a communication system applying CP (cyclic prefix)-based OFDM waveform technology, the numerology may include subcarrier spacing and CP length (or CP type). Table 1 may be a first embodiment of a method for configuring a numerology for a CP-OFDM-based communication system. At least some of the numerologies in Table 1 may be supported depending on the frequency band in which the communication system operates. In addition, the communication system may additionally support numerologies not listed in Table 1.

[0097] Subcarrier spacing 15kHz 30kHz 60kHz 120kHz 240kHz 480kHz OFDM symbol length (㎲) 66.733.316.78.34.22.1 CP length (㎲) 4.762.381.190.600.300.151 Number of OFDM symbols in ㎳ 142856112224448

[0098]

[0099] When the subcarrier spacing is 15 kHz (e.g., μ=0), the slot length can be 1 ms. In this case, one system frame can contain 10 slots. When the subcarrier spacing is 30 kHz (e.g., μ=1), the slot length can be 0.5 ms. In this case, one system frame can contain 20 slots.

[0100] When the subcarrier spacing is 60 kHz (e.g., μ=2), the slot length can be 0.25 ms. In this case, one system frame can contain 40 slots. When the subcarrier spacing is 120 kHz (e.g., μ=3), the slot length can be 0.125 ms. In this case, one system frame can contain 80 slots. When the subcarrier spacing is 240 kHz (e.g., μ=4), the slot length can be 0.0625 ms. In this case, one system frame can contain 160 slots.

[0101] A symbol may be configured as a downlink (DL) symbol, a flexible (FL) symbol, or an uplink (UL) symbol. A slot consisting solely of DL symbols may be referred to as a "DL slot," a slot consisting solely of FL symbols may be referred to as an "FL slot," and a slot consisting solely of UL symbols may be referred to as a "UL slot."

[0102] The slot format can be semi-statically configured by higher layer signaling (e.g., RRC signaling). Information indicating the semi-static slot format can be included in the system information, and the semi-static slot format can be configured cell-specifically. In addition, the semi-static slot format can be additionally configured for each terminal through terminal-specific higher layer signaling (e.g., RRC signaling). The flexible symbol of the cell-specifically configured slot format can be overridden to a downlink symbol or an uplink symbol by terminal-specific higher layer signaling. In addition, the slot format can be dynamically indicated by physical layer signaling (e.g., a slot format indicator (SFI) included in DCI). The semi-statically configured slot format can be overridden by a dynamically indicated slot format. For example, the semi-statically configured flexible symbol can be overridden to a downlink symbol or an uplink symbol by the SFI.

[0103] The reference signal may be a channel state information-reference signal (CSI-RS), a sounding reference signal (SRS), a demodulation-reference signal (DM-RS), a phase tracking-reference signal (PT-RS), etc. The channel may be a physical broadcast channel (PBCH), a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH), a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH), a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH), a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH), a physical sidelink control channel (PSCCH), a physical sidelink shared channel (PSSCH), etc. In the present disclosure, a control channel may mean a PDCCH, a PUCCH, or a PSCCH, and a data channel may mean a PDSCH, a PUSCH, or a PSSCH.

[0104] Figure 8 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a first embodiment of time-frequency resources in a communication system.

[0105] Referring to FIG. 8, a resource consisting of one symbol (e.g., an OFDM symbol) in the time domain and one subcarrier in the frequency domain may be defined as a "RE (resource element)". Resources consisting of one OFDM symbol in the time domain and K subcarriers in the frequency domain may be defined as a "REG (resource element group)". A REG may include K REs. A REG may be used as a basic unit for resource allocation in the frequency domain. K may be a natural number. For example, K may be 12. N may be a natural number. In the slot illustrated in FIG. 7, N may be 14. N OFDM symbols may be used as a basic unit for resource allocation in the time domain.

[0106] In the present disclosure, RB may mean CRB (common RB). Alternatively, RB may mean PRB or VRB (virtual RB). In a communication system, CRB may mean RB that constitutes a set of consecutive RBs (e.g., a common RB grid) based on a reference frequency (e.g., point A). Carriers and / or bandwidth portions may be arranged on the common RB grid. That is, the carrier and / or bandwidth portions may be composed of CRB(s). RBs or CRBs that constitute the bandwidth portions may be referred to as PRBs, and within the bandwidth portions, the CRB index may be appropriately converted to the PRB index.

[0107] Downlink data can be transmitted via the PDSCH. The base station can transmit PDSCH configuration information (e.g., scheduling information) to the terminal via the PDCCH. The terminal can obtain the PDSCH configuration information by receiving the PDCCH (e.g., downlink control information (DCI)). For example, the PDSCH configuration information can include the MCS (modulation coding scheme) used for transmitting and receiving the PDSCH, time resource information of the PDSCH, frequency resource information of the PDSCH, feedback resource information for the PDSCH, etc. The PDSCH can refer to a radio resource through which downlink data is transmitted and received. Alternatively, the PDSCH can refer to the downlink data itself. The PDCCH can refer to a radio resource through which downlink control information (e.g., DCI) is transmitted and received. Alternatively, the PDCCH can refer to the downlink control information itself.

[0108] A terminal can perform a monitoring operation on the PDCCH to receive a PDSCH transmitted from a base station. The base station can inform the terminal of the configuration information for the PDCCH monitoring operation using a higher layer message (e.g., an RRC (radio resource control) message). The configuration information for the PDCCH monitoring operation can include CORESET (control resource set) information and search space information.

[0109] CORESET information may include PDCCH DMRS (demodulation reference signal) information, PDCCH precoding information, PDCCH occasion information, etc. The PDCCH DMRS may be a DMRS used to demodulate the PDCCH. The PDCCH occasion may be a region where the PDCCH can exist. That is, the PDCCH occasion may be a region where DCI can be transmitted. The PDCCH occasion may be referred to as a PDCCH candidate. The PDCCH occasion information may include time resource information and frequency resource information of the PDCCH occasion. In the time domain, the length of the PDCCH occasion may be indicated in symbol units. In the frequency domain, the size of the PDCCH occasion may be indicated in RB units (e.g., in PRB (physical resource block) units or CRB (common resource block) units).

[0110] The search space information may include a coreset identifier (ID) associated with the search space, a period of PDCCH monitoring, and / or an offset. Each of the PDCCH monitoring period and offset may be indicated on a slot-by-slot basis. In addition, the search space information may further include an index of the symbol at which the PDCCH monitoring operation begins.

[0111] A base station can configure a bandwidth part (BWP) for downlink communication. The BWP can be configured differently for each terminal. The base station can inform the terminal of the BWP configuration information using higher layer signaling. The higher layer signaling can mean "transmission operation of system information" and / or "transmission operation of RRC (radio resource control) message." The number of BWPs configured for one terminal can be one or more. The terminal can receive BWP configuration information from the base station and check the BWP(s) configured by the base station based on the BWP configuration information. When multiple BWPs are configured for downlink communication, the base station can activate one or more BWPs among the multiple BWPs. The base station can transmit the configuration information of the activated BWP(s) to the terminal using at least one of higher layer signaling, a medium access control (MAC) control element (CE), or DCI. The base station can perform downlink communication using the activated BWP(s). The terminal can identify the activated BWP(s) by receiving configuration information of the activated BWP(s) from the base station, and perform a downlink reception operation in the activated BWP(s).

[0112]

[0113] Rel-19 RAN WG1 (working group 1) is currently discussing the following topics related to AI / ML beam management:

[0114] -Downlink transmission beam prediction for both UE-sided and NW-sided models (including RAN1 / RAN2): Specifically, discussions are underway on BM-Case1, which predicts spatial domain downlink transmission beams for Set A beams based on measurement results of Set B beams, and BM-Case2, which predicts time domain downlink transmission beams for Set A beams based on past measurement results of Set B beams.

[0115] - Signaling / mechanisms required to support life cycle management (LCM) behavior specific to beam management use cases.

[0116] - A method to ensure consistency between learning and inference by enabling the terminal to consider additional network-side conditions during inference.

[0117] Additionally, the following agreements were reached regarding the network-side model at the previous WG meetings:

[0118] For NW-side model-based inference, beam-related information reporting exceeding four is supported via L1 signaling, based on a single set of measurement resources in a network-initiated beam report. The specifics of beam-related information reporting will be discussed later, as will the maximum number of beam-related information reports that can be reported in a single report.

[0119] - For network-side models and terminal-side models, beam indication is based on the unified TCI state framework.

[0120] - For network-side AI / ML models (including BM-Case1 and BM-Case2), the existing CSI framework is used to configure Set A, and the existing CSI framework is also used to configure Set B.

[0121] Additionally, it was decided to support quantization of L1-RSRP values ​​reported as L1 signaling, at least for the network-side model.

[0122] - Differential L1-RSRP reporting using existing quantization steps and ranges is supported.

[0123] - Differential L1-RSRP and / or absolute L1-RSRP reporting using larger quantization steps than before, or differential L1-RSRP reporting using smaller ranges than before, are planned for future discussion.

[0124] In the network side model, it was decided to support the following as the content of beam reporting via L1 signaling for inference reporting, at least for BM-Case1.

[0125] - Among the L1-RSRPs of the measurement resource set (MRS), reporting of L1-RSRPs and corresponding beam information (e.g., CRI / SSBRI) of beams with the largest M measurement values ​​(Top M beams) is supported, and M can be set by the gNB.

[0126] -If M is equal to the size of the measurement resource set, the index (CRI / SSBRI) of one beam with the maximum L1-RSRP of all beams according to the measurement resource set is reported.

[0127] Meanwhile, whether to apply L1-RSRP and beam information reporting for up to M beams within X dB from the maximum L1-RSRP value will be discussed later (X, M are set by gNB).

[0128] Here, the maximum value of M will be discussed later and is determined based on UE capabilities, and M may vary depending on the type of report content.

[0129]

[0130] From the above approvals, it can be seen that beam reporting for inference based on the network-side model is performed for at least 4 beams (i.e., a measurement resource set (MRS) including measurement resources for 4 or more beams). The terminal can transmit beam reports for Top M beams to the base station for at least BM-Case1, where M can be configured by the base station. Here, the Top M beams can refer to M beams with the largest L1-RSRP values ​​among beams measured by measurement resources (i.e., reference signals) belonging to the measurement resource set. If the configured M value is equal to the size of the measurement resource set (i.e., the number of measurement resources included in the measurement resource set, hereinafter denoted as |MRS|), the terminal can report L1-RSRPs for all measured beams and the index of the beam with the largest L1-RSRP (e.g., SSBRI (SSB resource indicator) or CRI (CSI-RS resource indicator)) to the base station.

[0131]

[0132] In an actual wireless communication environment, identical or similar L1-RSRPs may be measured for multiple beams. Considering the above-described approval conditions, if the configured M value is smaller than the size of the measurement resource set (M < |MRS|), a detailed rule may be required to select some beams (i.e., M reporting target beams) among multiple reporting target candidate beams with identical or similar L1-RSRPs. Meanwhile, similar L1-RSRPs may refer to RSRPs whose difference is less than a predetermined value.

[0133] From the above approvals, it can be seen that when the M value set by the base station is less than |MRS|, the Top M beams should be selected and reported based on the L1-RSRPs measured based on the received SSBs and / or CSI-RSs. The reported L1-RSRP value(s) can be used for inference of the network-side AI / ML model. The reported L1-RSRP value(s) can be in the same range of values ​​as the existing L1-RSRP measurements.

[0134] For example, in the existing L1-RSRP report, the reported value can be determined by utilizing Table 2 (e.g., Table 10.1.6.1-1 of TS38.133). Similarly, when selecting and reporting the Top M beams, Table 2 or a similar table can be newly defined and utilized.

[0135]

[0136]

[0137] For example, if a measurement resource set (i.e., |MRS| = 8) consisting of 8 beams (measurement resources (SSB or CSI-RS) corresponding to the 8 beams) is configured, the terminal can measure L1-RSRP values ​​for the 8 beams. The terminal can measure L1-RSRP values ​​for the 8 beams (beam #0 to #7) as shown in Table 3 below.

[0138]

[0139]

[0140] In Table 3, the unit of measured L1-RSRP values ​​is dBm. Referring to Table 2, the corresponding reporting values ​​for the measured L1-RSRP values ​​can be determined. In Table 3, the reporting value of Beam #0 with the largest measured L1-RSRP is assumed to be X, and the reporting values ​​for the remaining beams are displayed. For reference, if Table 2 is utilized, X = RSRP_95.

[0141] In the example given above, when selecting the Top M beam(s) to be reported for beam inference of the base station, ambiguity may arise due to beams having the same reporting value depending on the setting value of M. For example, when M=4, Beam #0, #1, #3 are definitely selected as the Top 4 beams, and since Beam #2, #4, #5 have the same reporting value (X-2), an additional selection method may be required to select and report only one of these beams.

[0142] The present disclosure proposes a method for selecting the top M beams by applying additional rules to multiple beams with the same report value to assign priorities. This operation of assigning priorities to multiple beams with the same report value to select a beam to report can be expressed as a "tie-breaking operation for beams."

[0143] Specific embodiments of the tie beam processing operation are described below.

[0144]

[0145] Embodiment 1: Tie beam processing based on measured RSRP calculated at the terminal

[0146] When calculating the reporting value for the L1-RSRP of each beam, the terminal can be implemented to either measure the RSRP in a linear scale and then convert it to a log scale, or to directly calculate the log scale value of the RSRP. Regardless of which of the two methods is used, it is expected that there will be a step of calculating an intermediate derived value (measured L1-RSRP) with a finer resolution than the reported value in order for the terminal to calculate the reporting value. The terminal can select a beam with a higher priority among the tied beams by using the intermediate derived values ​​with a finer resolution than the reported value. In other words, the tied beam can be processed by selecting the Top M beam based on the measured L1-RSRP regardless of the reported value of the L1-RSRP.

[0147] In the example of Table 3 above, Beam #2, #4, and #5 may be considered as tie beams according to the reported values. However, according to the first embodiment, since Beam #4 has the highest measured L1-RSRP among the three beams, Beam #4 may be selected as the high-ranking beam. In this way, the high-ranking beams are determined in the order of Beam #2 - Beam #5 following Beam #4. If M = 4, Beam #4 is selected as a beam to be reported along with Beams #0, #1, and #3, and if M = 5, Beam #2 may also be selected as a beam to be reported.

[0148] In the above method, a case may occur where multiple beams are measured with the same numerical value up to the intermediate derived value (measured L1-RSRP). In this case, the beams may be prioritized through various embodiments to be described later, and a tied beam processing operation may be performed. Accordingly, in the embodiments below, tied beams may mean beams having the same reported value or beams having the same measured L1-RSRP. Alternatively, in the embodiments below, tied beams may mean beams having the same or similar reported value or beams having the same or similar measured L1-RSRP. Beams having similar L1-RSRP may mean beams having L1-RSRPs within a predetermined difference.

[0149]

[0150] Example 2: Tie-beam processing based on past L1-RSRP

[0151] In determining priorities for tied beams, additional metrics can be defined using previously measured L1-RSRPs and used to perform tied beam processing. The second embodiment can be further subdivided into the following detailed embodiments.

[0152] Detailed Example 1 of the Second Embodiment: For beams requiring priority determination (for beams requiring tie beam processing), priorities can be determined based on statistics (e.g., average) based on past L1-RSRPs of each beam over a certain time period (hereinafter, time window).

[0153] A time window can be clearly defined by setting the end point of the time window as a reference point and designating a time point in the past equal to the length of the time window as a start point of the time window. Here, the reference point may be a time point at which an inference result is reported (e.g., a slot or a subframe), or a time point at which a reference signal (SSB, CSI-RS) that is a measurement target of the reported RSRP is transmitted (e.g., a slot or a subframe). If the reference point is a time point at which an RS is transmitted, the reception point of the earliest received reference signal among the reference signals of multiple beams may be considered as the reference point, or the reception point of the latest received reference signal may be the reference point.

[0154] The above time window may be set by the base station via RRC signaling or MAC-CE, or may be predefined in the standard. Alternatively, it may be determined by the terminal's own implementation. The unit of the above time window may be a slot, a subframe, a frame, and / or an absolute time unit (e.g., milliseconds).

[0155] As statistics for the detailed example 1 above, values ​​such as the average or weighted sum can be utilized. For example, at the current point in time Each beam for The average for can be determined based on the following mathematical formula 1.

[0156]

[0157]

[0158] In mathematical expression 1, is the time window point, is a beam for RSRP at the point in time, is a beam About From this point on It refers to the number of RSRPs measured up to the point in time (current point in time).

[0159] The RSRP values ​​used to calculate the above avgRSRP can be linearly scaled values ​​or logarithmically scaled values. For points in time where there is no RSRP (or no valid reference signal) within the above time window, is considered as, The number of measured RSRPs is not considered when calculating .

[0160] When setting priorities using the above statistics (or average values), beams with high statistics can be selected as high priorities, or beams with low statistics can be selected as high priorities.

[0161] Detailed Example 2 of the Second Embodiment: For beams requiring priority determination (for beams requiring tie beam processing), priorities can be determined based on the RSRP change amount at the most recent point in time.

[0162] The above-mentioned most recent point in time may mean the point in time at which the beams (i.e., reference signals) that are the subject of the RSRP report were transmitted.

[0163] Figure 9 is a conceptual diagram for explaining the transmission timing of beams according to the present disclosure.

[0164] For example, the time points at which beams (reference signals) corresponding to the measured L1-RSRPs given in Table 3 are transmitted can be denoted as N-2, N-1, and N. In Fig. 9, each row may represent each beam, and each column may represent time (e.g., a transmission unit such as a slot). X(N), X(N-1), and X(N-2) defined by each row and each column may mean the L1-RSRP values ​​of beam X measured at time points N, N-1, and N-2, respectively.

[0165] In the example of Table 3 above, when M = 4 is set from the base station, since Beam #2, #4, and #5 have the same reporting value, the priorities of Beam #2, #4, and #5 must be determined. In determining the priorities, the RSRP change amount for each beam at the most recent point in time can be considered. In the example of Fig. 9, the most recent RSRP change amount of Beam #2, #4, and #5 can be defined as diff_L1-RSRP(Beam#2) = C(N) - C(N-1), diff_L1-RSRP(Beam#4) = E(N) - E (N-1), and diff_L1-RSRP(Beam#5) = F(N) - F(N-1), respectively.

[0166] In the above method, when determining the priority, a beam with a large diff_L1-RSRP(*) may be set to have a high priority. This is because, as the terminal moves, a beam with a large diff_L1-RSRP(*) may be expected to have a higher RSRP in the future. Conversely, when determining the priority, a beam with a small diff_L1-RSRP(*) may be set to have a high priority. This is because, in the case of a terminal in a weak electric field environment, considering low RSRP measurement accuracy, etc., it may be advantageous to select a beam with a high RSRP in the past.

[0167] One of the two methods described above (the method in which diff_L1_RSRP assigns a high priority to a beam with a high priority and the method in which diff_L1_RSRP assigns a low priority to a beam with a low priority) may be permanently used. Alternatively, one of the two methods may be indicated to the terminal through signaling from the base station.

[0168] Detailed Example 3 of the Second Embodiment: For beams requiring priority determination (for beams requiring tie beam processing), priorities are determined based on the RSRP change rate over time from the most recent point in time.

[0169] This is a method similar to the detailed embodiment 2 described above, and the reporting priority between tied beams can be determined based on the RSRP change rate. For example, for beams requiring tied beam processing, the priority can be determined based on the following mathematical expression 2.

[0170]

[0171]

[0172] In mathematical expression 2, Silver beam For example, in the example of Fig. 9, it may mean the interval between the most recent reference signal reception time and the previous (same beam) reference signal reception time. may refer to the interval between the reception time of the reference signal used to measure the L1-RSRP value E(N) and the reception time of the reference signal used to measure E(N-1). Here, the interval between the reception times of the reference signals may be in units such as slot units, symbol units, or milliseconds.

[0173] In the above method, when determining the priority, a beam with a large slope_L1_RSRP(*) may be set to have a high priority. This is because, as the terminal moves, it can be expected that the slope_L1_RSRP(*) of a beam with a large slope_L1_RSRP(*) will have a higher RSRP in the future. Conversely, in the above method, a beam with a small slope_L1_RSRP(*) may be set to have a high priority. This is because, in the case of a terminal in a weak electric field environment, considering low RSRP measurement accuracy, etc., it may be advantageous to select a beam with an RSRP of the past N-1 points in time.

[0174] One of the two methods described above (a method in which a beam with a high slope_L1_RSRP is assigned a high priority and a method in which a beam with a low slope_L1_RSRP is assigned a high priority) may be permanently used. Alternatively, one of the two methods may be indicated to the terminal through signaling from the base station.

[0175]

[0176] Example 3: Assigning high priority to the most recently received beams.

[0177] Considering the transmission times of the reference signals used to measure L1-RSRPs for the same beams, a higher priority can be given to the beam corresponding to the reference signal received at a later time.

[0178] When the above-described method is applied, if multiple tie beams have the same reference signal transmission time, additional tie beam processing operations may be required. For example, the tie beam processing operation based on the measured L1-RSRP described in the first embodiment can be additionally applied to tie beams having the same reference signal transmission time, thereby assigning a higher priority to a specific beam.

[0179]

[0180] Example 4: Tie beam processing considering the type of reference signal

[0181] Priorities may be determined by considering the types of reference signals utilized to measure L1-RSRPs for co-located beams. For example, priorities for each type of reference signals may be defined in the following order: SSB (synchronization signal block), beam measurement CSI-RS, DMRS (demodulation reference signal), and TRS (tracking reference signal). Accordingly, priorities for corresponding beams may be determined according to the priorities for each type of reference signal. Here, the order of 'SSB, beam measurement CSI-RS, DMRS, TRS' is only an example, and priorities for each type of reference signals may be defined in various ways.

[0182]

[0183] Example 5: Even if it is set to select and report M beams from the base station, the terminal can perform beam reporting by selecting less than M beams.

[0184] A terminal can report on fewer than M beams, based on predefined rules (described below). The predefined rules mentioned above can take several forms, as follows:

[0185] Method 1: Among the beams of Top M, reporting of beam(s) whose L1-RSRP is less than a preset value (threshold_RSRP_forReport) may be omitted. For example, if the preset threshold_RSRP_forReport value is -62, reporting of beam(s) whose value is less than (or less than or equal to) -62 may be omitted even if they belong to the Top M beams.

[0186] The above-described specific values ​​may be predefined in the specification as default values ​​without signaling from the base station. Alternatively, the specific values ​​may be set via RRC signaling or MAC-CE from the base station.

[0187] In the above method 1, there is a possibility that none of the Top M beams satisfy the threshold_RSRP_forReport value. In this case, only the Top-1 beam can be reported, and the reporting for the remaining beams can be omitted. Alternatively, by signaling that the number of reported beams is 0, the base station can be notified that none of the Top M beams satisfy the threshold_RSRP_forReport.

[0188] Method 2: Reporting of beams with a large difference in L1-RSRP from other beams and beams with a lower L-RSRP may be omitted. For example, when candidate beams to be reported are sorted in descending order by measurement values, reporting of the (n+1)th candidate beam and the (n+2)th and subsequent candidate beams whose measurement value difference from the immediately preceding upper beam (e.g., the nth beam) is greater than a predetermined threshold may be omitted. This is explained in detail below.

[0189] Sort the beams in descending order of L1-RSRP, i.e., the beam with the highest L1-RSRP is ranked first.

[0190] The difference between L1-RSRPs between adjacent beam pairs is calculated. For example, Diff_L1_RSRP(1) can be calculated from L1_RSRP(1st priority beam) - L1_RSRP(2nd priority beam), and Diff_L1_RSRP(2) can be calculated from L1_RSRP(2nd priority beam) - L1_RSRP(3rd priority beam). Through this, Diff_L1_RSRP(1) to Diff_L1_RSRP(M-1) can be calculated for the Top M beams.

[0191] In the order of Diff_L1_RSRP(1), Diff_L1_RSRP(2), and Diff_L1_RSRP(3), it is compared with the threshold value set in advance (=TH_DiffRSRP).

[0192] If Diff_L1_RSRP(m) is greater than (or greater than or equal to) TH_DiffRSRP, reporting is performed for beams up to rank m, and reporting may be omitted for beams corresponding to ranks m+1 and above. If Diff_L1_RSRP(1), Diff_L1_RSRP(2), …, Diff_L1_RSRP(M-1) are all less than (or less than or equal to) TH_DiffRSRP, reporting may be performed for all Top M beams.

[0193] TH_DiffRSRP can be predefined by the technical specification or can be configured via RRC signaling or MAC-CE by the base station.

[0194] Method 3: Reporting may be omitted for beams whose L1-RSRP difference with the Top-1 beam is greater than a certain size (TH_DiffRSRP). For example, the maximum L1-RSRP (L1_RSRP_max) among the Top M beams and the difference between the L1-RSRPs of each beam (L1_RSRP_max - L1_RSRP(beam-x)) are calculated. If the calculated difference is greater than (or equal to) TH_DiffRSRP, reporting for the corresponding beam may be omitted. TH_DiffRSRP may be predefined by the technical specification, or may be configured by the base station through RRC signaling or MAC-CE.

[0195] Method 4: The beam to be reported can be determined by simultaneously considering the two conditions described in Method 1 and Method 2 (or Method 3) above. To be more specific, Method 4 is a method in which “if the conditions for the beams to be reported in Method 1 and the conditions for the beams to be reported in Method 2 (or Method 3) are simultaneously satisfied, a report is performed for the corresponding beam.” To explain in another way, Method 4 is a method in which “if at least one of the conditions for omitting beam reporting in Method 1 and the conditions for omitting beam reporting in Method 2 (or Method 3) is satisfied, the beam report is omitted.”

[0196]

[0197] In the above methods, L1-RSRP may be a measured L1-RSRP or a reported value for the measured L1-RSRP. Meanwhile, the fifth embodiment may be applied when a tie beam is generated, but may also be applied when the conditions of methods 1 to 4 are satisfied even when a tie beam is not generated. In addition, according to the detailed methods of the fifth embodiment, since the number of beams actually reported may be less than M, the terminal may signal to the base station or implicitly inform the base station of information about how many beams it reported to the base station (or how many beams it omitted from reporting). If it informs through signaling, it may be signaled together with the beam report.

[0198]

[0199] FIG. 10 is a flowchart illustrating a measurement reporting method for model inference according to embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0200] Referring to FIG. 10, a method performed by a terminal (1010) for measurement reporting for inference of a network-side AI / ML model may include: a step of receiving configuration information of a measurement resource set from a base station (1020) (S1010); a step of receiving configuration information on the number M of beams to be reported for AI / ML model inference from the base station (M is a natural number) (S01020); a step of determining reporting target beams based on measurement values ​​of beams measured by measurement resources belonging to the measurement resource set (S1030); and a step of transmitting a reporting message including information on the determined reporting target beams to the base station (S1040).

[0201] If two or more tie beams having the same measurement value or similar measurement values ​​among the measured beams are included in the candidate beams to be reported and the number of the candidate beams to be reported exceeds M, the terminal can determine the target beams to be reported by excluding at least one beam among the two or more tie beams through a tie beam processing operation.

[0202] The above measurement values ​​may be L1-RSRP values ​​of the measured beams or quantized values ​​of the L1-RSRP values. In addition, two or more beams having similar measurement values ​​may be beams having measurement values ​​within a predetermined difference.

[0203] Meanwhile, if M is equal to or greater than the number of the measured beams, the beams to be reported may be configured to include all of the measured beams.

[0204] The above-described tie beam processing operation can be performed by one or a combination of two or more of the following various methods.

[0205] - A method for determining the reporting target beams based on the actual L1-RSRP values ​​of the two or more equal beams (the first embodiment described above)

[0206] For example, the at least one beam may be determined based on the pre-quantized values ​​of the L1-RSRP values ​​for the two or more beams.

[0207] - A method for determining the reporting target beams based on the L1-RSRP values ​​measured in the past of the two or more tying beams (the second embodiment described above)

[0208] For example, the method based on the L1-RSRP values ​​measured in the past for the two or more tying beams may be a method of determining the at least one beam based on an average of L1-RSRP values ​​measured for a predetermined time interval for each of the two or more tying beams (specific embodiment 1), a method of determining the at least one beam based on an amount of change in L1-RSRP for each of the two or more tying beams at a recent time point (specific embodiment 2), and / or a method of determining the at least one beam based on an L1-RSRP change rate for each of the two or more tying beams at a recent time point (specific embodiment 3).

[0209] - A method for determining the reporting target beams based on the measurement points for the two or more equal beams (the third embodiment described above)

[0210] For example, a method may be used to determine at least one beam by giving a higher priority to a beam received at a later time among the two or more tied beams.

[0211] - A method for determining the reporting target beams based on the types of measurement resources corresponding to the two or more equal beams (the fourth embodiment described above)

[0212] For example, at least one beam may be determined by assigning high priorities to the measurement resources according to the type-specific order of SSB, beam measurement CSI-RS, DMRS, and TRS. The type-specific order of SSB, beam measurement CSI-RS, DMRS, and TRP is only an example, and various type-specific orders may be applied.

[0213] -Method of determining beams less than M as the above-mentioned reporting target beams (5th embodiment described above)

[0214] For example, the beams to be reported may be determined according to a method of determining the beams to be reported, excluding beam(s) having a measurement value less than a first threshold value among the candidate beams to be reported, beam(s) having a difference from a measurement value of another beam by a second threshold value or more, or beam(s) having a difference from a measurement value of a beam having the largest measurement value among the candidate beams to be reported by a third threshold value or more.

[0215]

[0216] Additionally, when the terminal reports L1-RSRPs of the Top M beams, the terminal can determine the order of the beams reported in the report message by applying the proposed embodiments above. For example, the terminal reports a 'beam identifier (ID)' and a 'report value of L1-RSRP for the corresponding beam' to the base station. In other words, the terminal can report M (ID, report value) pairs for M beams. For beams among the M beams having the same report value (e.g., Beam#1 and Beam#3 in Table 3), the base station cannot determine which beam between Beam#1 and #3 has a higher priority based only on the report values. Therefore, in order to provide the base station with more information (information that can determine which beam among beams with the same report value has a higher priority (e.g., higher actual L1-RSRP, etc.)), the terminal can report to the base station M pairs of (ID, report value) arranged in order of priority determined by the methods described above (in ascending or descending order of priority).

[0217]

[0218] For the second and third embodiments, if the amount of change in L1-RSRP cannot be obtained (e.g., if the first measured L1-RSRP must be reported), other methods (e.g., the first embodiment, the fourth embodiment, or the fifth embodiment) may be additionally considered to determine priorities.

[0219] An extended embodiment of the second or third embodiment may be considered. For example, beams having the same or similar measured L1-RSRPs (i.e., beams having a difference in measured L1-RSRPs less than or equal to a predetermined threshold value) may be considered as tied beams, and the above-described tied beam processing method (the second or third embodiment) may be applied even if the reported values ​​are not the same. As another example, beams having similar reported values ​​(i.e., beams having a difference in reported values ​​less than or equal to a predetermined threshold value) may be considered as tied beams, and the above-described tied beam processing method (the second or third embodiment) may be applied.

[0220] Meanwhile, the base station may configure or instruct the terminal whether to apply the second embodiment, the third embodiment, a combination thereof, or any other RSRP measurement reporting method. This is because, depending on the network-side model, the base station may want the terminal to report the measured value itself (i.e., the base station may want the terminal to report only the RSRP value measured at that point in time and not perform any form of averaging, weighting, priority adjustment, etc.).

[0221] Meanwhile, the terminal may report to the base station whether it has the capability to perform the RSRP measurement and reporting method according to the second embodiment, the third embodiment, or a combination thereof. Accordingly, the base station may determine whether to apply the corresponding function(s) to enable the terminal to measure / report the RSRP of beams, and configure / instruct the terminal to do so.

[0222] The fifth embodiment may be applied after the tie beam processing operation mentioned in the other embodiments (the first embodiment, the second embodiment, the third embodiment, and the fourth embodiment) is preferentially applied. Alternatively, the fifth embodiment may be applied before the tie beam processing operation mentioned in the other embodiments (the first embodiment, the second embodiment, the third embodiment, and the fourth embodiment) is performed. That is, after the beams to be reported are determined by the other embodiments (the first embodiment, the second embodiment, the third embodiment, and the fourth embodiment), the beam(s) from which reporting is to be omitted may be selected according to the fifth embodiment, or after the beam(s) from which reporting is to be omitted are first selected by the fifth embodiment, processing on the tie beams may be performed by the other embodiments (the first embodiment, the second embodiment, the third embodiment, and the fourth embodiment).

[0223] Additionally, all embodiments of the present disclosure can be applied to both BM-Case1 and BM-Case2.

[0224]

[0225] The operations of the method according to the present disclosure can be implemented as a computer-readable program or code on a computer-readable recording medium. A computer-readable recording medium includes any type of recording device that stores information readable by a computer system. Furthermore, a computer-readable recording medium can be distributed across network-connected computer systems, allowing the computer-readable program or code to be stored and executed in a distributed manner.

[0226] Additionally, the computer-readable recording medium may include hardware devices specifically configured to store and execute program instructions, such as ROM, RAM, flash memory, etc. The program instructions may include not only machine language codes produced by a compiler, but also high-level language codes that can be executed by a computer using an interpreter, etc.

[0227] While some aspects of the present disclosure have been described in the context of a device, they may also represent a description of a corresponding method, wherein a block or device corresponds to a method step or a feature of a method step. Similarly, aspects described in the context of a method may also be described as a corresponding block or item or a feature of a corresponding device. Some or all of the method steps may be performed by (or using) a hardware device, such as, for example, a microprocessor, a programmable computer, or an electronic circuit. In some embodiments, at least one or more of the most significant method steps may be performed by such a device.

[0228] A programmable logic device (e.g., a field-programmable gate array) may be used to perform some or all of the functions of the methods described in the present disclosure. The field-programmable gate array may operate in conjunction with a microprocessor to perform one of the methods described in the present disclosure. In general, the methods are preferably performed by some hardware device.

[0229] Although the present disclosure has been described with reference to preferred embodiments thereof, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications and changes may be made to the present disclosure without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure as set forth in the claims below.

Claims

1. By terminal method, A step of receiving configuration information of a set of measurement resources from a base station; A step of receiving configuration information about the number M of beams to be reported for AI / ML model inference from the above base station, wherein M is a natural number; A step of determining target beams to be reported based on measurement values ​​of the measured beams among beams measured by measurement resources belonging to the above measurement resource set; and A step of transmitting a report message including information about the determined reporting target beams to the base station, If two or more tie beams having the same measurement value or similar measurement values ​​among the measured beams are included in the candidate beams to be reported and the number of the candidate beams to be reported exceeds M, at least one beam among the two or more tie beams is excluded through a tie beam processing operation to determine the beams to be reported. Terminal method.

2. In claim 1, If M is equal to or greater than the number of the measured beams, the reported beams include all of the measured beams. Terminal method.

3. In claim 1, The above measurement values ​​are L1-RSRP (layer 1-reference signal received power) values ​​of the measured beams or quantized values ​​of the L1-RSRP values. Terminal method.

4. In claim 1, Two or more beams having the above similar measurement values ​​are beams having measurement values ​​within a predetermined difference. Terminal method.

5. In claim 1, The above-mentioned tie beam processing operation is: A method for determining the reporting target beams based on the actual L1-RSRP values ​​of the two or more tie beams; A method for determining the reporting target beams based on the L1-RSRP values ​​measured in the past of the two or more tie beams; A method for determining the reporting target beams based on measurement points for the two or more equal beams; A method of determining the reporting target beams based on the types of measurement resources corresponding to the two or more equal beams; or Method of determining beams less than M as the above reporting target beams performed based on at least one of the following: Terminal method.

6. In claim 5, A method based on actual L1-RSRP values ​​of the two or more tying beams is a method of determining at least one beam based on pre-quantized values ​​of L1-RSRP values ​​for the two or more beams. Terminal method.

7. In claim 5, A method based on L1-RSRP values ​​measured in the past of the two or more tying beams is a method of determining the at least one beam based on an average of L1-RSRP values ​​measured over a predetermined time period for each of the two or more tying beams, or an amount or rate of change in L1-RSRP at a recent point in time for each of the two or more tying beams. Terminal method.

8. In claim 5, The method of determining the reporting target beams based on the measurement time points for the two or more tying beams is a method of determining the at least one beam by giving a high priority to a beam received at a later time point among the two or more tying beams. Terminal method.

9. In claim 5, The method of determining the reporting target beams based on the types of measurement resources corresponding to the two or more identical beams is a method of determining the at least one beam by giving high priority to the measurement resources according to the type-specific order of SSB (synchronization signal block), beam measurement CSI-RS (channel state information-reference signal), DMRS, and TRS (tracking reference signal). Terminal method.

10. In claim 5, The method of determining beams less than M as the reporting target beams is a method of determining the reporting target beams by excluding beam(s) having a measurement value less than a first threshold value among the reporting target candidate beams, beam(s) having a difference from a measurement value of another beam by a second threshold value or more, or beam(s) having a difference from a measurement value of a beam having the largest measurement value among the reporting target candidate beams by a third threshold value or more. Terminal method.

11. By the method of the base station, A step of transmitting configuration information of a measurement resource set to a terminal; A step of transmitting configuration information about the number M of beams to be reported to the terminal for AI / ML model inference, wherein M is a natural number; and A step of receiving a report message including information about beams for model inference from the terminal, The beams for the above model inference are determined by excluding at least one beam among the two or more tie beams through a tie beam processing operation performed at the terminal when the number of candidate beams to be reported, which include two or more tie beams having the same measurement value or similar measurement values ​​among the beams measured by the measurement resources belonging to the measurement resource set, exceeds M. Base station method.

12. In claim 11, If M is equal to or greater than the number of the measured beams, the beams for model inference include all of the measured beams. Base station method.

13. In claim 11, The above measurement values ​​are L1-RSRP (layer 1-reference signal received power) values ​​of the measured beams or quantized values ​​of the L1-RSRP values. Base station method.

14. In claim 11, Two or more beams having the above similar measurement values ​​are beams having measurement values ​​within a predetermined difference. Base station method.

15. In claim 11, The above-mentioned tie beam processing operation is: A method for determining the reporting target beams based on the actual L1-RSRP values ​​of the two or more tie beams; A method for determining the reporting target beams based on the L1-RSRP values ​​measured in the past of the two or more tie beams; A method for determining the reporting target beams based on measurement points for the two or more equal beams; A method of determining the reporting target beams based on the types of measurement resources corresponding to the two or more equal beams; or Method of determining beams less than M as the above reporting target beams performed based on at least one of the following: Base station method.

16. A terminal including at least one processor, At least one processor of the terminal: A step of receiving configuration information of a set of measurement resources from a base station; A step of receiving configuration information about the number M of beams to be reported for AI / ML model inference from the above base station, wherein M is a natural number; A step of determining target beams to be reported based on measurement values ​​of the measured beams among beams measured by measurement resources belonging to the above measurement resource set; and To perform a step of transmitting a report message including information on the determined reporting target beams to the base station, If two or more tie beams having the same measurement value or similar measurement values ​​among the measured beams are included in the candidate beams to be reported and the number of the candidate beams to be reported exceeds M, at least one beam among the two or more tie beams is excluded through a tie beam processing operation to determine the beams to be reported. Terminal.

17. In claim 16, If M is equal to or greater than the number of the measured beams, the reported beams include all of the measured beams. Terminal.

18. In claim 16, The above measurement values ​​are L1-RSRP (layer 1-reference signal received power) values ​​of the measured beams or quantized values ​​of the L1-RSRP values. Terminal.

19. In claim 16, Two or more beams having the above similar measurement values ​​are beams having measurement values ​​within a predetermined difference. Terminal.

20. In claim 16, The above-mentioned tie beam processing operation is: A method for determining the reporting target beams based on the actual L1-RSRP values ​​of the two or more tie beams; A method for determining the reporting target beams based on the L1-RSRP values ​​measured in the past of the two or more tie beams; A method for determining the reporting target beams based on measurement points for the two or more equal beams; A method of determining the reporting target beams based on the types of measurement resources corresponding to the two or more equal beams; or Method of determining beams less than M as the above reporting target beams performed based on at least one of the following: Terminal.

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