Power supply system and electronic device

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of device power supply. Provided are a power supply system and an electronic device. The power supply system comprises a charging circuit, a power management circuit and an isolation circuit, wherein the charging circuit is respectively coupled to the power management circuit and the isolation circuit, the power management circuit is used for coupling to a load, and the isolation circuit is used for coupling to a battery; and the isolation circuit is configured to adjust the magnitude of a current between the charging circuit and the battery. In the embodiments of the present application, a battery is isolated from the power supply system by means of an isolation circuit, and the magnitude of a current at which a charging circuit charges the battery can be adjusted by means of the isolation circuit. Therefore, in any scenario, when the charging circuit is connected to a power adapter, the charging circuit can output, to a power management circuit, an output current that meets the requirements for loading a load, such that the electronic device can quickly load each load, thereby realizing fast startup of the electronic device, and thus improving the user experience.

Description

A power supply system and electronic device

[0001] The present application claims priority from the Chinese patent application No. 202411105182.9 filed on August 12, 2024, and entitled "A power supply system and electronic device", the content of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. TECHNICAL FIELD

[0002] The present application relates to the field of device power supply, and in particular to a power supply system and electronic device. BACKGROUND

[0003] In recent years, mobile portable electronic devices (e.g., tablets, laptops, smart speakers, etc.) powered by batteries have developed rapidly. In low-temperature scenarios or scenarios where the battery is over-discharged, using normal charging methods (e.g., fast charging) can cause damage to the battery and affect the battery life. Therefore, in low-temperature scenarios or scenarios where the battery is over-discharged, the battery needs to be charged in a trickle charging manner. Trickle charging refers to charging the battery with a small current. Since the current is very small during trickle charging, it cannot meet the needs of the electronic device to load various hardware loads, and the electronic device cannot start up quickly, affecting the user experience. SUMMARY

[0004] Embodiments of the present application provide a power supply system and electronic device. The power supply system and electronic device are used to achieve fast start-up of the electronic device in any scenario and improve the user experience.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, embodiments of the present application adopt the following technical solutions:

[0006] In a first aspect, a power supply system is provided. The power supply system includes a charging circuit, a power management circuit, and an isolation circuit. The charging circuit is coupled to the power management circuit and the isolation circuit, respectively. The power management circuit is configured to be coupled to a load, and the isolation circuit is configured to be coupled to a battery. The isolation circuit is configured to adjust the size of the current between the charging circuit and the battery.

[0007] The embodiment of the application sets the battery to be isolated from the power supply system through the isolation circuit, and the isolation circuit can adjust the current size of the charging circuit for charging the battery. Because the isolation circuit is set, even if the charging circuit outputs a larger current during the connection of the charging circuit and the power adapter, the battery will not be adversely affected, so that the charging circuit can output a larger current to the power management circuit to meet the needs of loading the load. That is, the output current of the charging circuit in the embodiment of the application is not affected by the battery parameters. Therefore, in any scenario, when the charging circuit is connected with the power adapter, the charging circuit can output an output current to the power management circuit to meet the needs of loading the load, so that the electronic device can quickly load each load, realize the fast start of the electronic device, and improve the user experience.

[0008] In some possible embodiments, the charging circuit is further configured to connect the power adapter, and the charging circuit is configured to output a first current in response to a first enable signal. The power management circuit is configured to receive the first current and output an operating current to the load. The isolation circuit is configured to limit the charging current output to the battery to be not greater than a first threshold value in response to the parameter of the battery not satisfying a preset parameter condition. The embodiment of the application limits the charging current output to the battery through the isolation circuit when the parameter of the battery does not satisfy the preset parameter condition, so that the charging circuit does not need to limit the output current. The charging circuit can output a larger current to supply power to the load, so that in any scenario, the electronic device can be quickly started only by connecting the power adapter.

[0009] In some possible embodiments, the parameter of the battery includes a battery temperature. The isolation circuit is configured to disconnect the electrical connection between the charging circuit and the battery in response to the battery temperature being less than a temperature threshold value. The embodiment of the application sets the battery temperature parameter, and when the battery temperature is lower than the temperature threshold value, the isolation circuit disconnects the electrical connection between the charging circuit and the battery, so that the battery is not charged, and damage to the battery in a low-temperature scenario is avoided.

[0010] In some possible embodiments, the parameter of the battery includes a battery temperature and a battery voltage, and the isolation circuit is configured to limit the charging current output to the battery to be not greater than a first threshold value in response to the battery temperature being not less than a temperature threshold value and the battery voltage being less than a voltage threshold value. The embodiment of the application sets the battery temperature and battery voltage parameters, and in a non-low-temperature scenario, when the battery voltage is lower than the voltage threshold value, the isolation circuit limits the charging current output to the battery by the charging circuit, so as to avoid damage to the battery caused by large current charging after over-discharge.

[0011] In some possible implementation, the isolation circuit is a switching circuit, the switching circuit includes a switching transistor, and the power supply system further includes a coulometer and a microcontroller. The first end of the switching transistor is coupled to the charging circuit, the second end of the switching transistor is coupled to the battery, and the control end of the switching transistor is coupled to the microcontroller. The coulometer is coupled to the battery and the microcontroller respectively, and is configured to detect the parameter of the battery. The coulometer and the microcontroller are reused to control the switching transistor, so that the structure is simple and the size occupied by the power supply system is saved.

[0012] In some possible implementation, the parameter of the battery includes a battery temperature and a battery voltage, and the microcontroller is configured to acquire the battery temperature and the battery voltage, and control the switching transistor to be turned off in response to the battery temperature being less than a temperature threshold or the battery voltage being less than a voltage threshold. Thus, the electrical connection between the charging circuit and the battery is disconnected by turning off the switching transistor when the battery temperature is less than the temperature threshold. When the battery temperature is not less than the temperature threshold and the battery voltage is less than the voltage threshold, the charging current output to the battery is zero, which is less than the first threshold, by turning off the switching transistor.

[0013] In some possible implementation, the microcontroller is further configured to control the switching transistor to be turned on in response to the battery temperature being not less than the temperature threshold and the battery voltage being not less than the voltage threshold, so that the charging current of the battery is not limited.

[0014] In some possible implementation, the isolation circuit is a current limiting circuit, the current limiting circuit includes a current limiting transistor and a logic drive circuit, and the power supply system further includes a coulometer. The first end of the current limiting transistor is coupled to the charging circuit, the second end of the current limiting transistor is coupled to the battery, and the control end of the current limiting transistor is coupled to the logic drive circuit. The coulometer is coupled to the battery and the logic drive circuit respectively, and is configured to detect the parameter of the battery. The logic drive circuit is configured to adjust the impedance of the current limiting transistor according to the parameter of the battery, so as to adjust the size of the current between the charging circuit and the battery.

[0015] In some possible implementation, the parameter of the battery includes a battery temperature and a battery voltage, and the logic drive circuit is configured to acquire the battery temperature and the battery voltage. The impedance of the current limiting transistor is adjusted to be a first impedance in response to the battery temperature being less than a temperature threshold, the impedance of the current limiting transistor is adjusted to be a second impedance in response to the battery temperature being not less than the temperature threshold and the battery voltage being less than a voltage threshold, and the impedance of the current limiting transistor is adjusted to be a third impedance in response to the battery temperature being not less than the temperature threshold and the battery voltage being not less than the voltage threshold. The first impedance is greater than the second impedance, and the second impedance is greater than the third impedance. By adjusting the impedance in each scene, the size of the current between the charging circuit and the battery can be adjusted more flexibly, so as to realize no charging, trickle charging and normal charging of the battery.

[0016] In some possible embodiments, the isolation circuit is further configured to, in response to the state of the load being the shutdown state, disconnect the electrical connection between the battery and the power management circuit. Thus, when the battery is depleted and the user does not charge it in time, the situation that the battery continues to consume power until the battery is over-discharged is avoided.

[0017] In a second aspect, an electronic device is provided. The electronic device includes at least one battery, at least one load, and the power supply system of any one of the first aspect or any one of the embodiments of the first aspect. The power supply system includes a charging circuit, a power management circuit, and an isolation circuit, the charging circuit is coupled to the power management circuit and the isolation circuit respectively, the power management circuit is coupled to the load, and the isolation circuit is coupled to the battery; the isolation circuit is configured to adjust the size of the current between the charging circuit and the battery.

[0018] The technical effects of the second aspect are referred to the technical effects of the first aspect and any one of the embodiments of the first aspect, which are not repeated here. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0019] FIG. 1 is a possible charging voltage and charging current waveform diagram provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0020] FIG. 2 is a possible structure diagram of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0021] FIG. 3 is a pin diagram of a Type-C interface provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0022] FIG. 4 is a structure diagram of a power supply system provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0023] FIG. 5 is a circuit structure diagram of a step-down charging circuit provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0024] FIG. 6 is a circuit structure diagram of a fast charging circuit provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0025] FIG. 7 is a circuit structure diagram of a switching circuit provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0026] FIG. 8 is a flow diagram of a switching transistor control logic provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0027] FIG. 9 is a circuit structure diagram of a current limiting circuit provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0028] FIG. 10 is a flow diagram of a current limiting transistor control logic provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0029] Reference signs: 100, electronic device; 110, processor; 120, internal memory; 130, power supply system; 131, charging circuit; 132, power management circuit; 133, isolation circuit; 134, wireless charging coil; 135, receiving circuit; 136, protection circuit; 137, coulometer; 138, microcontroller; 140, mobile communication module; 141, first antenna; 150, wireless communication module; 151, second antenna; 160, audio module; 170, sensor module; 181, external memory interface; 182, USB interface; 183, SIM card interface; 191, key; 192, motor; 193, indicator; 194, camera; 195, display screen; 200, battery; 300, step-down charging circuit; 400, fast charging circuit; 500, switching circuit; 510, switching transistor; 600, current limiting circuit; 610, current limiting transistor; 620, logic drive circuit; 630, current comparator; 640, power comparator. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] In order to make the purposes, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the present application is further described in detail below in combination with FIG. 1-FIG. 10 and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and should not be used to limit the present application.

[0031] The terms "first", "second", and the like involved in the embodiments of the present application are only used for the purpose of distinguishing the same type of features, and should not be understood as indicating relative importance, quantity, order, and the like.

[0032] The terms "exemplary" or "for example" and the like involved in the embodiments of the present application are used to represent an example, illustration, or description. Any embodiment or design scheme described as "exemplary" or "for example" in the present application should not be interpreted as more preferred or more advantageous than other embodiments or design schemes. Rather, the terms "exemplary" or "for example" are intended to present the relevant concept in a specific manner.

[0033] The terms "coupled", "connected" involved in the embodiments of the present application should be understood in a broad sense, for example, can refer to a direct physical connection, or can refer to an indirect connection through electronic devices, such as a connection through resistors, inductors, capacitors or other electronic devices.

[0034] In recent years, mobile and portable electronic devices (e.g., tablets, laptops, smart speakers, etc.) powered by batteries have been rapidly developed. When the electronic device is powered off due to low battery, connecting the electronic device to a power adapter can enable the electronic device to enter a boot-up process. In some embodiments, the boot-up process of the electronic device generally includes an extensible boot loader (XBL) stage, an application boot loader (ABL) stage, and a kernel stage.

[0035] In addition, in order to protect the battery, in a low-temperature scenario or a battery over-discharge scenario, a charging circuit in the electronic device cannot use a large current to charge the battery. As shown in FIG. 1, in some embodiments, the charging circuit generally first trickle charges the battery with a small output voltage and output current in an early stage of boot-up. When the parameters of the battery meet the charging conditions, the charging circuit increases the output voltage and output current to quickly charge the battery. Since the electronic device needs to load various hardware loads (e.g., integrated circuit chips (ICs) and screens, etc.) in the kernel stage, the current of the trickle charging cannot meet the requirements of the kernel stage. Therefore, in a low-temperature scenario or a battery over-discharge scenario, the boot-up process does not enter the kernel stage for a long time, so that the electronic device cannot be quickly booted up, affecting the user experience.

[0036] Embodiments of the present application provide an electronic device, which can also be referred to as a user equipment (UE), a terminal device, a mobile station (MS), a mobile terminal (MT), an access terminal device, a vehicle-mounted terminal device, an industrial control terminal device, a mobile station, a remote station, a remote terminal device, a mobile device, a wireless communication device, a terminal agent or a terminal apparatus, etc. In addition, the terminal can be fixed or mobile. For example, the terminal can be a mobile phone, a pad, a desktop computer, a notebook computer, an all-in-one machine, a vehicle-mounted terminal, a virtual reality (VR) terminal device, an augmented reality (AR) terminal device, a wireless terminal in industrial control, a wireless terminal in self driving, a wireless terminal in remote medical surgery, a wireless terminal in a smart grid, a wireless terminal in transportation safety, a wireless terminal in a smart city, a wireless terminal in a smart home, a cellular phone, a cordless phone, a session initiation protocol (SIP) phone, a wireless local loop (WLL) station, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a handheld device with wireless communication function, a computing device or other processing device connected to a wireless modem, a wearable device, a terminal device in a future mobile communication network or a terminal device in a future evolved public land mobile network (PLMN), etc.

[0037] Taking a mobile phone as an example of an electronic device, FIG. 2 shows a possible structure of the electronic device. The electronic device 100 can include a processor 110, an internal memory 120, a power supply system 130, a mobile communication module 140, a first antenna 141, a wireless communication module 150, a second antenna 151, an audio module 160, a sensor module 170, an external memory interface 181, a universal serial bus (USB) interface (hereinafter referred to as a USB interface 182), a subscriber identification module (SIM) card interface (hereinafter referred to as a SIM card interface 183), a key 191, a motor 192, an indicator 193, a camera 194, a display screen 195, and a battery 200, etc. It can be understood that the structure illustrated in the embodiments of the present application does not constitute a specific limitation on the electronic device 100. In other embodiments of the present application, the electronic device 100 can include more or fewer components than those illustrated, or combine certain components, or split certain components, or different arrangement of components. The illustrated components can be implemented in hardware, software, or a combination of software and hardware.

[0038] The processor 110 can include one or more processing units, for example: the processor 110 can be a field programmable gate array (FPGA), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a system on chip (SoC), a central processing unit (CPU), a network processor (NP), a digital signal processor (DSP), a micro controller unit (MCU), a programmable logic device (PLD), an application processor (AP), a modem, a graphics processing unit (GPU), an image signal processor (ISP), a controller, a video codec, a baseband processor, and a neural-network processing unit (NPU), etc. Different processing units can be independent devices, or can be integrated in one or more processors 110.

[0039] The processor 110 can also be provided with a memory for storing computer instructions and data. In some embodiments, the memory in the processor 110 is a cache. The cache can hold computer instructions or data that the processor 110 has just used or is cycling through. If the processor 110 needs to use the computer instructions or data again, it can be called directly from the cache. This avoids repeated access and reduces the latency of the processor 110, thus improving the efficiency of the electronic device 100.

[0040] In some embodiments, the processor 110 can include one or more interfaces. The interfaces can include an inter-integrated circuit (IIC) interface, an inter-integrated circuit sound (IIS) interface, a pulse code modulation (PCM) interface, a universal asynchronous receiver / transmitter (UART) interface, a mobile industry processor interface (MIPI), a general-purpose input / output (GPIO) interface, a SIM card interface 183, and / or a USB interface 182, etc.

[0041] It can be understood that the interface connection relationship between the modules shown in the embodiments of the present application is only illustrative and does not constitute a structural limitation of the electronic device 100. In other embodiments of the present application, the electronic device 100 can also use different interface connection methods or combinations of multiple interface connection methods in the above embodiments.

[0042] The internal memory 120 can be used to store computer executable program codes, which include computer instructions. The processor 110 executes various functional applications and data processing of the electronic device 100 by running the computer instructions stored in the internal memory 120. In addition, the internal memory 120 can include a high-speed random access memory and can also include a non-volatile memory, such as at least one magnetic disk storage device, a flash memory device, a universal flash storage (UFS), etc.

[0043] The memory to which embodiments of the application are directed can be volatile memory or nonvolatile memory, or can include both volatile and nonvolatile memory. Among them, the nonvolatile memory can be read-only memory (ROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), electrically EPROM (EEPROM), or flash memory. The volatile memory can be random access memory (RAM) used as an external cache. By way of example, and not limitation, many forms of RAM can be used, such as static RAM (SRAM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), synchronous dynamic RAM (SDRAM), double data rate SDRAM (DDR SDRAM), enhanced SDRAM (ESDRAM), synchlink DRAM (SLDRAM), and direct rambus RAM (DR RAM). It should be noted that the memory of the system and method described herein is intended to include, but not be limited to, these and any other suitable types of memory.

[0044] The wireless communication function of the electronic device 100 can be implemented through the first antenna 141, the second antenna 151, the mobile communication module 140, the wireless communication module 150, the modem, and the baseband processor, etc.

[0045] The first antenna 141 and the second antenna 151 are used for transmitting and receiving electromagnetic wave signals. Each antenna in the electronic device 100 can be used to cover a single or multiple communication frequency bands. Different antennas can also be multiplexed to improve the utilization rate of the antennas. For example: the first antenna 141 can be multiplexed as a diversity antenna of a wireless local area network. In some other embodiments, the antennas can be used in combination with a tuning switch.

[0046] In some embodiments, the first antenna 141 and the mobile communication module 140 of the electronic device 100 are coupled, and the second antenna 151 and the wireless communication module 150 are coupled, so that the electronic device 100 can communicate with a network and other devices through wireless communication technology. The wireless communication technology can include global system for mobile communications (GSM), general packet radio service (GPRS), code division multiple access (CDMA), wideband code division multiple access (WCDMA), time-division code division multiple access (TD-SCDMA), long term evolution (LTE) technology, etc.

[0047] The mobile communication module 140 can provide a solution including 2G / 3G / 4G / 5G wireless communication applied to the electronic device 100. The mobile communication module 140 can include at least one filter, a switch, a power amplifier, a low noise amplifier (LNA), etc. The mobile communication module 140 can receive electromagnetic waves by the first antenna 141, and perform filtering, amplification, etc. on the received electromagnetic waves, and transfer the processed electromagnetic waves to a modem for demodulation. The mobile communication module 140 can also amplify the signals modulated by the modem, and radiate the amplified signals as electromagnetic waves through the first antenna 141.

[0048] The modem can include a modulator and a demodulator. The modulator is configured to modulate a low-frequency baseband signal to be transmitted into a medium-high frequency signal. The demodulator is configured to demodulate a received electromagnetic wave signal into a low-frequency baseband signal. The demodulator can transmit the demodulated low-frequency baseband signal to the baseband processor for processing. The low-frequency baseband signal processed by the baseband processor can be transmitted to the processor 110. The processor 110 can output an audio signal through an audio device (not limited to a speaker, a microphone, etc.), or display an image or a video through the display screen 195. In some embodiments, the modem can be a separate device. In other embodiments, the modem can be independent of the processor 110, and can be disposed in the same device as the mobile communication module 140 or other functional modules.

[0049] The wireless communication module 150 can provide a solution for wireless communication, including wireless local area networks (WLAN) (e.g., wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi) network), Bluetooth (BT), global navigation satellite system (GNSS), frequency modulation (FM), near field communication (NFC), infrared (IR) technology, etc., which are applied on the electronic device 100. For example, the wireless communication module 150 can be one or more devices that integrate at least one communication processing module. The wireless communication module 150 can receive electromagnetic waves via the second antenna 151, frequency-modulate and filter the electromagnetic wave signals, and transmit the processed signals to a modem. The wireless communication module 150 can also receive signals to be transmitted from the modem, frequency-modulate them, amplify them, and convert them into electromagnetic wave radiation via the second antenna 151.

[0050] The audio module 160 can include a speaker, a receiver, a microphone, and a headset jack. The electronic device 100 can achieve audio functions, such as playing music, recording, etc., through the audio module 160 and the processor 110, etc.

[0051] The audio module 160 is configured to convert digital audio information into analog audio signals for output, and to convert analog audio input into digital audio signals. In some embodiments, the audio module 160 can be disposed in the processor 110, or some functional modules of the audio module 160 can be disposed in the processor 110. The speaker, also known as the "loudspeaker", is configured to convert audio electrical signals into sound signals. The receiver, also known as the "earpiece", is configured to convert audio electrical signals into sound signals. The microphone, also known as the "microphone", "sound transducer", is configured to convert sound signals into electrical signals. The electronic device 100 can be provided with at least one microphone. The headset jack is configured to connect a wired headset. The headset jack can be a USB interface 182, or a 3.5 mm open mobile terminal platform (OMTP) standard interface, a cellular telecommunications industry association of the USA (CTIA) standard interface.

[0052] The sensor module 170 can include one or more components of a pressure sensor, a gyro sensor, a barometric pressure sensor, a magnetic sensor, an acceleration sensor, a distance sensor, a proximity light sensor, a fingerprint sensor, a temperature sensor, a touch sensor, an ambient light sensor, a bone conduction sensor, etc., and embodiments of the present application do not limit the same.

[0053] The external memory interface 181 can be used to connect an external memory card, such as a micro SanDisk (Micro SD) card, to realize the expansion of the storage capacity of the electronic device 100. The external memory card communicates with the processor 110 through the external memory interface 181 to realize the data storage function. For example, files such as music and videos are saved in the external memory card. The SIM card interface 183 is used to connect the SIM card. The SIM card can be inserted into or pulled out of the SIM card interface 183 to realize contact and separation with the electronic device 100. The electronic device 100 can support one or N SIM card interfaces 183, N being a positive integer greater than 1. The SIM card interface 183 can support a nano SIM (Nano SIM) card, a micro SIM (Micro SIM) card, a SIM card, etc. In some embodiments, the electronic device 100 uses an embedded SIM (eSIM) card, which can be embedded in the electronic device 100 and cannot be separated from the electronic device 100.

[0054] The keys 191 include a power-on key, a volume key, etc. The keys 191 can be mechanical keys 191 or touch keys 191. The electronic device 100 can receive key 191 input and generate key signal input related to user settings and function control of the electronic device 100. The motor 192 can generate a vibration prompt. The motor 192 can be used for incoming call vibration prompts or touch vibration feedback. The indicator 193 can be an indicator light, which can be used to indicate the charging state, the power change, and can also be used to indicate messages, missed calls, notifications, etc. The display screen 195 is used to display images, videos, etc. The display screen 195 includes a display panel. In some embodiments, the electronic device 100 can include one or more display screens 195. In other embodiments, the touch screen in the display screen 195 can be a folding screen.

[0055] The electronic device 100 can implement a photographing function through an ISP, the camera 194, a video codec, a GPU, the display 195, and the processor 110, etc. The ISP is configured to process data fed back by the camera 194. In some embodiments, the ISP can be disposed in the camera 194. The camera 194 is configured to capture still images or videos. In some embodiments, the electronic device 100 can include one or N cameras 194, where N is a positive integer greater than 1. The electronic device 100 can implement a display function through the GPU, the display 195, and the processor 110, etc. The GPU is a microprocessor for image processing, which is connected to the display 195 and the processor 110. The GPU is configured to perform mathematical and geometric calculations for graphics rendering. The processor 110 can include one or more GPUs, which execute computer instructions to generate or change display information.

[0056] As shown in FIG. 2, the power supply system 130 is coupled to the battery 200 (or, the battery cell) and the load (e.g., the processor 110) for supplying power to the battery 200 and the processor 110. In other embodiments, the power supply circuit can also supply power to the internal memory 120, the display 195, the camera 194, and the wireless communication module 150, etc. Moreover, the power supply system 130 can be coupled to a power supply source through a power adapter. The power adapter can be wireless, for example, the power supply system 130 can be coupled to the power supply source through the wireless charging coil 134 of the electronic device 100. The power adapter can also be wired, for example, the power supply system 130 can be coupled to the power supply source through the USB interface 182 and the USB data line.

[0057] It should be noted that the electronic device 100 is generally capable of coupling with external devices (such as a power adapter, an analog earphone, a digital earphone, a mobile storage device, etc.) through the USB interface 182. The USB interface 182 can be a Type-C interface. As shown in FIG. 3, the A side and the B side of the Type-C interface each include two symmetrically arranged VBUS pins (for providing a USB voltage, pin 4 and pin 9), a CC pin (pin 5), a D+ pin (pin 6 on the A side and pin 7 on the B side), a D- pin (pin 7 on the A side and pin 6 on the B side), and an SBU pin (pin 8 is a spare pin, which is marked as SBU1 on the A side and SBU2 on the B side). Generally, the power supply end of the first charging circuit 131 is coupled to the VBUS pin, and when an external power adapter is connected through the USB interface 182, the electronic device 100 can negotiate a charging voltage with the power adapter based on the CC pin, the D+ pin, the D- pin, etc. through a charging protocol. For example, for a power adapter supporting a power delivery (PD) charging protocol, the charging parameters are negotiated through the CC pin; for a power adapter supporting a supercharger protocol (SCP), the charging parameters are negotiated through the D+ pin and the D- pin.

[0058] As shown in FIG. 4, in some embodiments, the power supply system 130 can include a charging circuit 131, a power management circuit 132, and an isolation circuit 133. The charging circuit 131 is coupled to the power management circuit 132 and the isolation circuit 133, respectively; the power management circuit 132 is configured to be coupled to the load (such as the processor 110, the internal memory 120, the display screen 195, the camera 194, and the wireless communication module 150, etc.) of the electronic device 100, and the isolation circuit 133 is configured to be coupled to the battery 200, and the isolation circuit 133 is configured to adjust the size of the current between the charging circuit 131 and the battery 200.

[0059] Please continue to refer to FIG. 4, the power supply end VBUS of the charging circuit 131 is connected to the USB interface 182 through a protection circuit 136 (such as an over voltage protection (OVP)), and in some wireless charging embodiments, the protection circuit 136 can also be connected to a wireless charging coil 134 through a receive integrated circuit (Rx IC) 135 (as shown in FIG. 4). The charging end Vbat of the charging circuit 131 is connected to the battery 200, and the system voltage end Vsys of the charging circuit 131 is connected to the power management circuit 132 for supplying power to the load.

[0060] In some embodiments, in order to realize normal charging or fast charging of the battery 200, the charging circuit 131 can include a buck charge circuit 300 and a super charge (SC) circuit 400.

[0061] As shown in FIG. 5, the buck charge circuit 300 includes a first transistor Q1, a second transistor Q2, and an inductor L. The first end of the first transistor Q1 is coupled to the power supply end VBUS, and the second end of the first transistor Q1 is coupled to the first end of the second transistor Q2. The first end of the second transistor Q2 is coupled to the first end of the inductor L, and the second end of the second transistor Q2 is coupled to the ground GND. The second end of the inductor L is coupled to the system voltage end Vsys. The first transistor Q1 and the second transistor Q2 constitute a buck bridge of the buck charge circuit 300. When the buck charge circuit 300 is in a buck state, the conduction and cut-off states of the first transistor Q1 and the second transistor Q2 are complementary, and by adjusting the duty ratio of the first transistor Q1 and the second transistor Q2, the buck charge circuit 300 realizes different proportions of buck output.

[0062] In addition, in order to realize charging of the battery 200, the buck charge circuit 300 further includes a third transistor Q3, and the system voltage end Vsys of the buck charge circuit 300 is connected to the charging end Vbat through the third transistor Q3. In this way, the buck charge circuit 300 can charge the battery 200 when the third transistor Q3 is turned on. In addition, when the electronic device 100 is not connected to a power adapter, the load can also be powered by the battery 200 by turning on the third transistor Q3.

[0063] As shown in FIG. 6, the super charge circuit 400 includes a fourth transistor Q4, a fifth transistor Q5, a sixth transistor Q6, a seventh transistor Q7, a flying capacitor Cfly, and an output capacitor Cout. The first end of the fourth transistor Q4 is coupled to the power supply end VBUS, the second end of the fourth transistor Q4 is coupled to the first end of the fifth transistor Q5, the second end of the fifth transistor Q5 is coupled to the first end of the sixth transistor Q6, the second end of the sixth transistor Q6 is coupled to the first end of the seventh transistor Q7, and the second end of the seventh transistor Q7 is coupled to the ground GND. The first end of the flying capacitor Cfly is coupled to the first end of the fifth transistor Q5, the second end of the flying capacitor Cfly is coupled to the first end of the seventh transistor Q7, the first end of the output capacitor Cout is coupled to the first end of the sixth transistor Q6, and the second end of the output capacitor Cout is coupled to the ground GND. The first end of the output capacitor Cout is connected to the charging end Vbat.

[0064] The fast charging circuit 400 can transform the voltage input from the power terminal VBUS to the voltage of the charging terminal Vbat at a fixed ratio, and charge the battery 200. Taking the fast charging circuit 400 shown in FIG. 6 as an example, the fourth transistor Q4 and the sixth transistor Q6 are turned on at the same time, and the fifth transistor Q5 and the seventh transistor Q7 are turned on at the same time. The control signals of the fourth transistor Q4 and the sixth transistor Q6 are complementary to the control signals of the fifth transistor Q5 and the seventh transistor Q7, so that in a period of time, the fourth transistor Q4 and the sixth transistor Q6 are turned on, and the fifth transistor Q5 and the seventh transistor Q7 are turned off, so that the flying capacitor Cfly and the output capacitor Cout are connected in series between the power terminal VBUS and GND, and the voltage input from the power terminal VBUS charges the flying capacitor Cfly and the output capacitor Cout at the same time; in another period of time, the fourth transistor Q4 and the sixth transistor Q6 are turned off, and the fifth transistor Q5 and the seventh transistor Q7 are turned on, the flying capacitor Cfly and the output capacitor Cout are connected in parallel, and the flying capacitor Cfly discharges the output capacitor Cout. In this way, a 2:1 step-down conversion is formed. Of course, FIG. 6 only takes a 2:1 step-down conversion fast charging circuit 400 as an example, and it can be understood that other forms of fast charging circuit 400 can also be used to achieve, for example, 3:1, 4:1, etc. proportional step-down conversion.

[0065] As shown in FIG. 5 and FIG. 6, since the step-down charging circuit 300 includes an inductor L, and the inductor L is used as an energy storage element, the energy density is usually small, and as the charging power of the battery 200 increases, the energy consumed by the inductor also increases, thereby causing the loss of the step-down charging circuit 300 to increase. However, the fast charging circuit 400 does not include power devices, so the efficiency is relatively improved compared with the step-down charging circuit 300, but the transformation ratio of the input voltage and the output voltage of the fast charging circuit 400 is limited, usually limited by the number of capacitors, and the transformation ratio realized by the fast charging circuit 400 is relatively fixed, such as (2:1, 3:1, 4:1, etc. transformation ratio), and the voltage transformation ratio cannot be freely adjusted. Based on the above reasons, in the normal charging scenario, the step-down charging circuit 300 suitable for low-power charging is usually used as the main charging circuit 131, so as to improve the flexibility of the voltage transformation ratio during charging; in the fast charging scenario, in order to ensure the efficiency of charging, the fast charging circuit 400 suitable for high-power charging is used as the charging circuit 131. In this way, according to different charging application scenarios, the step-down charging circuit 300 or the fast charging circuit 400 can be selectively controlled to charge the battery 200.

[0066] In some embodiments, the power supply system 130 can further include a chip for implementing charging protocol detection; for example, a PD chip and a SCP chip. Among them, the PD chip is connected to the CC pin of the USB interface 182, and the SCP chip is connected to the D+ / D- pin of the USB interface 182. In some examples, when the power adapter is plugged into the USB interface 182, the PD chip is used to detect (based on the PD charging protocol) that the power adapter supports normal charging, and then the buck charging circuit 300 is controlled to realize the transformation ratio of the input voltage and the output voltage. In other examples, when the power adapter is plugged into the USB interface 182, the SCP chip is used to detect (based on the SCP charging protocol) that the power adapter supports fast charging, and then the fast charging circuit 400 is controlled to realize the transformation ratio of the input voltage and the output voltage.

[0067] As described above, when the electronic device 100 is in low power shutdown, connecting the electronic device 100 to the power adapter can make the electronic device 100 enter the boot process. When the charging circuit 131 is connected to the power adapter (supporting the fast charging protocol), in the early stage of the boot process (for example, the ABL stage and the XBL stage), the fast charging circuit 400 is enabled by the first enable signal, and the fast charging circuit 400 outputs a larger output current (i.e., the first current), so as to meet the current demand of the kernel stage to load various hardware loads, and the boot process can smoothly enter the kernel stage; wherein the first enable signal can be generated by the SCP chip described above.

[0068] As shown in FIG. 5, the system voltage end Vsys of the buck charging circuit 300 and the charging end Vbat are connected through the third transistor Q3, and the fast charging circuit 400 can output the first current (the first current is not greater than the output current of the fast charging circuit 400) to the power management circuit 132 through the third transistor Q3. The power management circuit 132 can include a power management chip (power manger IC, PMIC), which can receive the first current and convert it into various working currents required by various loads in the electronic device 100 through power conversion (such as a direct-current-direct-current converter, a low-dropout linear regulator, etc.), so as to meet the power demand of different loads and ensure that various loads can be normally loaded.

[0069] In order to avoid damage to the battery 200 caused by the large output current of the fast charging circuit 400 in a low-temperature scenario or a battery over-discharge scenario, in the embodiments of the present application, the isolation circuit 133 is configured to limit the charging current output to the battery 200 to be not greater than a first threshold value in response to the parameters of the battery 200 not satisfying the preset parameter condition; in some examples, the first threshold value is the current value of trickle charging. Thus, the fast charging circuit 400 can ensure that the output current of the fast charging circuit 400 does not cause adverse effects on the battery 200 while outputting an output current to the power management circuit 132 that meets the load demand. That is, the output current of the charging circuit 131 in the embodiments of the present application can not be affected by the parameters of the battery 200. Thus, in any scenario, when the charging circuit 131 is connected with the power adapter, the charging circuit 131 can output an output current to the power management circuit 132 that meets the load startup, so that the load can be quickly started. At the same time, the large output current of the fast charging circuit 400 is more likely to generate a large amount of heat, which can heat the battery 200 to some extent, so as to quickly increase the battery temperature in a low-temperature scenario and improve the charging speed in a low-temperature scenario.

[0070] The parameters of the battery 200 can include the battery voltage and the battery temperature. In some embodiments, the power supply system 130 can further include a fuel gauge 137 and a microcontroller 138. The fuel gauge 137 is coupled to the battery 200, and can detect the battery voltage, the battery temperature, the charging and discharging current of the battery 200, the battery power, the charging and discharging cycle number of the battery 200, the health status (e.g., leakage, impedance) of the battery 200, and the like. The microcontroller 138 is coupled to the fuel gauge 137, and can read the parameters of the battery 200 detected by the fuel gauge 137; and the microcontroller 138 can also determine the size relationship between the battery temperature and the temperature threshold value, and the size relationship between the battery voltage and the voltage threshold value by performing logical operations. In some examples, the fuel gauge 137 and the microcontroller 138 can be integrally integrated. In other examples, the fuel gauge 137 and the microcontroller 138 can be separately arranged. In some implementation scenarios, the fuel gauge 137 can also be integrated with the battery cell to form the battery 200 (or the battery pack).

[0071] As shown in FIG. 7, in some embodiments, the isolation circuit 133 is a switching circuit 500 including a switching transistor 510. A first terminal of the switching transistor 510 is coupled to the charging terminal Vbat of the charging circuit 131, a second terminal of the switching transistor 510 is coupled to the battery 200, and a control terminal of the switching transistor 510 is coupled to the microcontroller 138. When the electronic device 100 is in a low-battery shutdown state, connecting the electronic device 100 to a power adapter can cause the electronic device 100 to enter a boot-up process. As shown in FIG. 8, in an early stage of the boot-up process, the electronic device 100 performs an extended bootloader and an application bootloader. In the early stage of the boot-up process (i.e., the extended bootloader and the application bootloader), the fast charging circuit 400 is enabled in the embodiments of the present application. The large output current of the fast charging circuit 400 can provide the required current for the electronic device 100 to load various hardware loads, so that the boot-up process can quickly enter the kernel stage, and the electronic device 100 can complete the boot-up quickly. At the same time, in order to avoid damage to the battery 200 caused by the large output current of the fast charging circuit 400, the embodiments of the present application isolate the battery 200 through the switching circuit 500. In some examples, when the battery temperature is less than a temperature threshold, or the battery voltage is less than a voltage threshold, the microcontroller 138 controls the switching transistor 510 to be turned off. In the over-discharged battery 200 or low-temperature battery 200 scenario, the switching transistor 510 is turned off, so that the electrical connection between the charging circuit 131 and the battery 200 is disconnected. At this time, the output current of the fast charging circuit 400 is all output to the power management circuit 132 through the third transistor Q3 (the output current of the fast charging circuit 400 is equal to the first current), and the charging current output to the battery 200 is zero, so that the battery 200 can be prevented from being damaged by charging. When the battery temperature is not less than the temperature threshold, and the battery voltage is not less than the voltage threshold, the microcontroller 138 controls the switching transistor 510 to be turned on. In the normal battery 200 scenario, the switching transistor 510 is turned on, so that the output current of the fast charging circuit 400 can be output to the power management circuit 132 through the third transistor, and output to the battery 200 through the isolation circuit 133. The fast charging circuit 400 can charge the battery 200 while supplying power to the electronic device 100.

[0072] In some embodiments, in order to prevent the battery 200 from continuously discharging the load in the shutdown state of the electronic device 100, the microcontroller 138 controls the switching transistor 510 to be turned off when the electronic device 100 is in the shutdown state, so as to prevent the battery 200 from being over-discharged.

[0073] As shown in FIG. 9, in some embodiments, the isolation circuit 133 is a current limiting circuit 600, which includes a current limiting transistor 610 and a logic drive circuit 620. The first end of the current limiting transistor 610 is coupled to the charging circuit 131, the second end of the current limiting transistor 610 is coupled to the battery 200, and the control end of the current limiting transistor 610 is coupled to the logic drive circuit 620. The logic drive circuit 620 is configured to adjust the impedance of the current limiting transistor 610. The greater the impedance of the current limiting transistor 610, the smaller the charging current output to the battery 200. When the electronic device 100 is connected to the power adapter in the low-battery shutdown state, the electronic device 100 can enter the boot process. As shown in FIG. 10, in the early stage of the boot process, the electronic device performs the extension bootloader and the application bootloader, and enables the fast charging circuit 400. The large output current of the fast charging circuit 400 can provide the required current for the electronic device 100 to load various hardware loads, so that the boot process can quickly enter the kernel stage, and the electronic device 100 can complete the boot quickly. At the same time, in order to avoid damage to the battery 200 caused by the large output current of the fast charging circuit 400, the current limiting circuit 600 is used to isolate the battery 200 in the embodiments of the present application. In some examples, when the battery temperature is less than a temperature threshold, the logic drive circuit 620 adjusts the current limiting transistor 610 to a first impedance in a high-impedance state (equivalent to disconnecting the charging circuit 131 and the battery 200), thereby limiting the charging current output to the battery 200 to zero. When the battery temperature is not less than the temperature threshold, and the battery voltage is less than a voltage threshold, the logic drive circuit 620 adjusts the current limiting transistor 610 to a second impedance in a higher-impedance state (equivalent to connecting a large resistance between the charging circuit 131 and the battery 200), thereby greatly limiting the charging current output to the battery 200 to trickle charge the battery 200. When the battery temperature is not less than the temperature threshold, and the battery voltage is not less than the voltage threshold, the logic drive circuit 620 adjusts the current limiting transistor 610 to a third impedance in a low-impedance state (equivalent to connecting a small resistance or even zero resistance between the charging circuit 131 and the battery 200), thereby not limiting the current for charging the battery 200.

[0074] Please continue to refer to FIG. 9, in some embodiments, the current limiting circuit 600 can further include a current comparator 630 and a power comparator 640. The current comparator 630 and the power comparator 640 are both connected with the logic driving circuit 620. In some examples, if the power comparator 640 compares and determines that the charging circuit 131 outputs the charging current with a smaller charging power (for example, the charging power Pout is smaller than the reference power Pref of the trickle charging), at this time, the logic driving circuit 620 can also adjust the current limiting transistor 610 to a low impedance state, so as to not limit the current for charging the battery 200. If the power comparator 640 compares and determines that the charging circuit 131 outputs the charging current with the power of the fast charging, the logic driving circuit 620 needs to further determine whether the charging current output to the battery 200 needs to be limited according to the battery voltage. In some examples, in the current limiting scenario, if the current comparator 630 compares and determines that the charging current Iout output to the battery 200 by the charging circuit 131 is greater than the reference current Iref of the trickle charging, the logic driving circuit 620 can appropriately increase the impedance of the current limiting transistor 610 to reduce the charging current output to the battery 200, so as to achieve accurate control of the current limiting.

[0075] The embodiment of the present application provides a power supply system and an electronic device. The power supply system comprises a charging circuit, a power management circuit and an isolation circuit. The charging circuit is coupled with the power management circuit and the isolation circuit respectively; wherein the power management circuit is used for being coupled with a load, and the isolation circuit is used for being coupled with a battery. The isolation circuit is configured to adjust the size of the current between the charging circuit and the battery. The embodiment of the present application sets that the battery is isolated from the power supply system through the isolation circuit, and the size of the current for charging the battery by the charging circuit can be adjusted through the isolation circuit. Because the isolation circuit is set, even if a larger current is output by the charging circuit during the connection of the charging circuit and the power adapter, the battery is not adversely affected, so that the charging circuit can output a larger current to the power management circuit to meet the demand of loading the load. That is to say, the output current of the charging circuit in the embodiment of the present application is not affected by the battery parameters. Therefore, under any scenario, when the charging circuit is connected with the power adapter, the charging circuit can output an output current meeting the demand of loading the load to the power management circuit, so that the electronic device can quickly load each load, the fast start-up of the electronic device is realized, and the user experience is improved.

[0076] Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that, for the convenience and brevity of description, in the above embodiments, the description of each embodiment has its own emphasis, and the parts not described in detail in a certain embodiment can refer to the corresponding process in the foregoing method embodiment, which will not be described here.

[0077] Those skilled in the art can understand that the modules and algorithm steps of each example described in combination with the embodiments disclosed herein can be realized by electronic hardware or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether the functions are realized in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to realize the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of the present application.

[0078] In several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed system and electronic device can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative, for example, the division of modules is only a logical function division, and actual implementation can have another division manner, for example, multiple modules or components can be combined or integrated into another device, or some features can be ignored or not executed. In addition, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection between the displayed or discussed each other can be indirect coupling or communication connection between the interfaces, devices or modules, and can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0079] The modules described as separate components can or can not be physically separated, and the components displayed as modules can or can not be physical modules, that is, they can be located in one device, or can be distributed to multiple devices. Part or all of the modules can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the present embodiment.

[0080] In addition, each functional module in each embodiment of the present application can be integrated in one device, or each module can exist physically, or two or more modules can be integrated in one device.

[0081] In the above embodiments, all or part of the embodiments can be implemented by software, hardware, firmware or any combination thereof. When implemented by software, all or part of the embodiments can be implemented in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer program instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, all or part of the processes or functions according to the embodiments of the present application are generated. The computer can be a general purpose computer, a special purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable apparatus. The computer instructions can be stored in a computer readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer readable storage medium to another computer readable storage medium, for example, the computer instructions can be transmitted from one website, computer, server or data center to another website, computer, server or data center through wired (such as coaxial cable, optical fiber, digital subscriber line (DSL)) or wireless (such as infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) mode. The computer readable storage medium can be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer or include one or more data storage devices such as servers, data centers, etc. that can be integrated with the medium. The available medium can be a magnetic medium (such as a floppy disk, a hard disk, a magnetic tape), an optical medium (such as a DVD), or a semiconductor medium (such as a solid state disk (SSD)), etc.

[0082] The above is only a specific implementation of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto, any person skilled in the art can easily think of changes or replacements within the technical range disclosed in the present application, which should be covered within the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A power supply system characterized by comprising: The charging circuit, the power management circuit and the isolation circuit are coupled with each other. The power management circuit is configured to be coupled with a load, and the isolation circuit is configured to be coupled with a battery. The isolation circuit is configured to adjust the current between the charging circuit and the battery.

2. The power supply system of claim 1, wherein, The charging circuit is further configured to be connected with a power adapter, and the charging circuit is configured to output a first current in response to a first enable signal. The power management circuit is configured to receive the first current and output an operating current to the load. The isolation circuit is configured to limit the charging current output to the battery to be not greater than a first threshold in response to a parameter of the battery not satisfying a preset parameter condition.

3. The power supply system of claim 2, wherein, The parameter of the battery includes a battery temperature, and the isolation circuit is configured to disconnect the electrical connection between the charging circuit and the battery in response to the battery temperature being less than a temperature threshold.

4. The power supply system of claim 2, wherein, The parameter of the battery includes a battery temperature and a battery voltage, and the isolation circuit is configured to limit the charging current output to the battery to be not greater than the first threshold in response to the battery temperature being not less than the temperature threshold and the battery voltage being less than a voltage threshold.

5. Power supply system according to any of claims 2-4, characterized in that, The isolation circuit is a switching circuit including a switching transistor, and the power supply system further includes a power gauge and a microcontroller. The first end of the switching transistor is coupled with the charging circuit, the second end of the switching transistor is coupled with the battery, and the control end of the switching transistor is coupled with the microcontroller. The power gauge is coupled with the battery and the microcontroller, and the power gauge is configured to detect the parameter of the battery.

6. The power supply system of claim 5, wherein, The parameter of the battery includes a battery temperature and a battery voltage, and the microcontroller is configured to acquire the battery temperature and the battery voltage, and control the switching transistor to be turned off in response to the battery temperature being less than a temperature threshold or the battery voltage being less than a voltage threshold.

7. The power supply system of claim 6, wherein, The microcontroller is further configured to control the switching transistor to be turned on in response to the battery temperature being not less than the temperature threshold and the battery voltage being not less than the voltage threshold.

8. The power supply system according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized by The isolation circuit is a current limiting circuit including a current limiting transistor and a logic driving circuit, and the power supply system further includes a power gauge. The first end of the current limiting transistor is coupled with the charging circuit, the second end of the current limiting transistor is coupled with the battery, and the logic driving circuit is coupled with the control end of the current limiting transistor. The power gauge is coupled with the battery and the logic driving circuit, and the power gauge is configured to detect the parameter of the battery. The logic driving circuit is configured to adjust the impedance of the current limiting transistor according to the parameter of the battery.

9. The power supply system of claim 8, wherein, The parameter of the battery includes a battery temperature and a battery voltage, and the logic driving circuit is configured to acquire the battery temperature and the battery voltage. The impedance of the current limiting transistor is adjusted to be a first impedance in response to the battery temperature being less than the temperature threshold. The impedance of the current limiting transistor is adjusted to be a second impedance in response to the battery temperature being not less than the temperature threshold and the battery voltage being less than a voltage threshold. in response to the battery temperature being not less than the temperature threshold and the battery voltage being not less than a voltage threshold, adjusting an impedance of the current limiting transistor to a third impedance; the first impedance is greater than the second impedance which is greater than the third impedance.

10. The power supply system of claim 1, wherein, the isolation circuit is further configured to, in response to the state of the load being a shutdown state, disconnect the electrical connection between the battery and the power management circuit.

11. An electronic device, comprising: comprising: at least one battery, at least one load, and the power supply system of any one of claims 1-10; wherein the power supply system comprises a charging circuit, a power management circuit, and an isolation circuit, the charging circuit is coupled with the power management circuit and the isolation circuit respectively, the power management circuit is coupled with the load, and the isolation circuit is coupled with the battery; the isolation circuit is configured to adjust the magnitude of the current between the charging circuit and the battery.

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