Illuminable glazed element for a vehicle and vehicle with such a glazed element

Abstract

One aspect of the invention relates to an illuminable glazed element (100) for a vehicle, comprising a guide layer (2) and a reflective light-redirecting element (8), wherein the light-redirecting element (8) has a characteristic width ranging from 0.9L to 3L, where L corresponds to a bounce length of a light ray in the guide layer (2).

Description

DESCRIPTION TITLE: ILLUMINABLE VEHICLE WINDOW ELEMENT AND VEHICLE WITH SUCH A WINDOW ELEMENT

[0001] The technical field of the invention is that of illuminateable laminated glazing for vehicles.

[0002] In particular, the invention relates to an illuminable vehicle glazing, especially for motor vehicles, intended to be illuminated by a light source.

[0003] For example, application WO2023 / 144282 describes a vehicle-grade laminated glazing that can be illuminated by guiding and extracting light. The light emitted by a light source located on the passenger compartment side opposite the inner pane is redirected by a light-redirecting element, which is a prismatic reflective film within the glazing.

[0004] However, it has been observed that a halo of light can appear in and around the area of ​​the glazing where the light is injected. This halo can take various forms, such as concentric circles or a repetition of lines. Such a halo is undesirable because it can detract from the aesthetics of the illuminated glazing when the light source is switched on, reducing the effectiveness of the lighting and even causing discomfort to the user.

[0005] There is therefore a need to improve vehicle glazing. One aspect of the invention relates to an illuminable glazed element for a vehicle, particularly a road vehicle (fixed or opening, such as a roof, side window, especially rear window, rear window, windshield, particularly for cars but also trucks, public transport such as buses, coaches, etc.), comprising laminated glazing, preferably curved, transparent, and preferably with at least one central clear section, comprising:

[0006] - a first transparent sheet of mineral glass (clear or tinted), having a first principal face F1 (intended to face outwards from the vehicle), a second principal face F2 opposite the first principal face F1 (optionally coated with a transparent functional coating (in the clear part of the glass, in particular a transparent functional coating with a thickness of at most 1 µm or preferably at most 200 nm) and even a first edge), the first sheet being intended to form an outer pane of glass; in particular for a road vehicle (motor vehicle) and even a car, preferably with a thickness of at most 4 mm, or even at most 2.5 mm, or even at most 2.2 mm - in particular 1.9 mm, 1.8 mm, 1.6 mm and 1.4 mm - and even with a thickness of at least 0.7 mm, for example with a refractive index nv of at least 1.5 in the visible spectrum

[0007] - a second transparent sheet, made of mineral glass (preferably extra-clear) or polymer, having a third main face F3 (oriented towards face F2), a fourth main face F4 opposite the third main face F3 (and a second slice - aligned or offset from the first slice, in particular recessed-); in particular a second sheet of thickness of at least 0.7mm (to promote light guidance), possibly less than that of the first sheet of glass, even by no more than 2.2mm - in particular 1.9mm, 1.8mm, 1.6mm and 1.4mm- or even by no more than 1.3mm or by no more than 1mm, the total thickness of the first and second sheets being preferably strictly less than 5 or 4mm, even 3.7mm),

[0008] - between the second main face F2 and the third main face F3, a polymer laminate interlayer in particular comprising a lower interlayer in adhesive contact with the third main face F3 or with a transparent functional coating on the third main face F3 and optionally: an upper interlayer in adhesive contact with the second main face F2 or with a transparent functional coating on the second main face F2, and even an additional interlayer between the upper and lower interlayers, and / or a frame layer surrounding an electrically controllable device and / or surrounding a functional polymer film, forming for example a substrate with a functional coating (functional film or electrically controllable device encapsulated in the laminate interlayer between the upper interlayer and the additional interlayer); and

[0009] - (preferably along a first edge of the glazing, for example longitudinal) a light redirection reflector element on the third main face F3, particularly at the periphery of the laminated glazing, the light redirection element being a prismatic reflector element comprising reflectors preferably (oriented towards the third main face F3 or towards the second main face F2), capable of redirecting light from a light source (elongated, collimated, of low divergence), preferably an array of light-emitting diodes, positioned (particularly opposite the laminated glazing) on ​​the fourth main face F4; optionally, particularly along a second edge of the glazing, for example longitudinal opposite to the first edge, another light redirection reflector element and another light source (thus doubling the injection and redirection means on both sides of the view).

[0010] The laminated glazing includes a light guide extending opposite the second principal face F2, the light guide comprising a guiding layer including at least the second sheet (and sometimes the lower interlayer), the guiding layer comprising an inner surface and an opposite outer surface, the outer surface being on the side of the fourth principal face F4, in particular the guiding layer being capable of guiding at least a portion of light rays redirected along a principal direction of propagation (by total internal reflection).

[0011] The light redirection element has a characteristic width preferably taken from the inner (longitudinal) edge of the light redirection element (elongated), ranging from 0.9L to 3L, where L corresponds to a bounce length of a light ray guided in the light guide, i.e. a length between two successive points of incidence of a light ray guided on a surface, between the inner and outer surfaces of the guiding layer (preferably the inner surface), the two successive points of incidence being located downstream of the light redirection element with respect to the main direction of propagation.

[0012] L is preferably defined by ignoring refraction, which has a negligible effect.

[0013] Preferably, the light ray used to define the bounce length can be a light ray in total internal reflection with one of the two surfaces of the light guide layer that provides the largest bounce length L.

[0014] The light redirection element, or prismatic reflector (preferably in one or more connected sections), can be elongated (preferably perpendicular to the direction of propagation of the guided, redirected light), thus having a length of at least 1 cm and even at least 10 cm, and a width (preferably parallel to the direction of propagation). The light redirection element, for example, is rectangular in shape within the plane of the glazing. The prismatic element thus has an inner (longitudinal) edge and an outer (longitudinal) edge, the outermost of the two.

[0015] By "characteristic width" is meant a width of at least a portion (called here "useful portion") of the prismatic element, the useful portion corresponding to a portion of the prismatic element comprising a part illuminated when the light source is on and a front part (outside the light injection zone), adjacent to the illuminated part and downstream (in the direction of light propagation) of the illuminated portion.More precisely, the useful portion is delimited by a useful outer (longitudinal) edge (the outermost of the two useful edges) and a useful inner (longitudinal) edge (the innermost of the two useful edges). The useful inner edge is located downstream of the useful outer edge in the direction of propagation. The useful inner edge corresponds to the inner edge of the prismatic element (also forming the inner edge of the dark zone), while the useful outer edge corresponds to an outer edge of the portion of the prismatic element that is illuminated when the light source is switched on. Thus, depending on how the prismatic element is positioned relative to the light source, the characteristic width can be the total width of the prismatic element, or the total width of the prismatic element minus the width. from a rear part (outside the light injection zone), upstream in the direction of light propagation from the illuminated part.

[0016] It is noted that increasing the width of the prismatic element is not straightforward, as it reduces the amount of guided light, the very amount we seek to optimize. In practice, the light redirection element of the prior art is such that a light ray, after passing through the second sheet, being reflected by the light redirection element, and then reflected again at the fourth face F4, must not reach the light redirection element again. Indeed, in order to optimize light guidance, the width of the light redirection element is limited to prevent a light ray from bouncing twice on the element, as such a ray is directly extracted and does not contribute to the guidance.

[0017] Furthermore, to limit the formation of the light halo described above, an opaque, light-absorbing layer could be positioned over a light injection zone of the light guide, between the outer glass sheet and the light guide itself. This would absorb the light rays that could cause this halo effect while maintaining the prismatic element width optimized for guiding. However, this absorbing layer would also absorb light rays, called "useful light rays," which would otherwise have been guided into the light guide and thus extracted from the light guide to an area to be illuminated by the light extraction system.

[0018] On the contrary, the present invention proposes a range of values ​​for the characteristic width of the prismatic element which makes it possible to maximize the quantity of useful light rays that can be guided and then extracted from the light guide, while minimizing the presence of halo.

[0019] In one or more embodiments, the second sheet has a refractive index m of at least 1.5 and even at most 2.2 or even at most 1.65, the guiding layer has a minimum refractive index n cm in, the light guide includes an inner sheath layer between the second main face F2 and the third main face F3, the inner sheath layer having a refractive index n gi strictly less than n cm in, the guiding layer being in contact with the inner cladding layer, the light guide optionally includes an outer cladding layer opposite the inner cladding layer, on the fourth principal face F4 side, and having a refractive index n g 2 strictly less than n cm in, the rebound length L is equal to:

[0020] L = 2xE1 xtan(0 RT )

[0021] with :

[0022] 0RT = arcsin(n g M / n Cmin) in particular representing a limit angle of total internal reflection for the guiding layer

[0023] Or :

[0024] E1 is a thickness of the guidance layer downstream of the light redirection element with respect to the main direction of propagation;

[0025] n gM corresponds to a maximum between n gi and n g2 when the light guide includes an outer sheath layer, and at n gi and when the light guide does not include an outer sheath layer (free face F4), in particular n gi (and even n gM ) is equal to n3.

[0026] In the description, refractive indices are taken from the visible spectrum. In the description, the expression "between" two values ​​includes both values ​​(boundaries).

[0027] In one or more embodiments, the second sheet has a refractive index n1 in the visible at least equal to 1.5. In particular, the refractive index in the visible of the second sheet may be between 1.5 and 2.2, for example between 1.5 and 1.7.

[0028] Thus, one aspect of the invention relates to an illuminable glazed element of a vehicle, in particular a road vehicle, comprising laminated glazing, preferably curved, transparent, the laminated glazing comprising:

[0029] - a first sheet, transparent, made of mineral glass, having a first main face F1, a second main face F2 opposite the first main face F1 (and a first slice), the first sheet being intended to form an outer glass;

[0030] - a second sheet, transparent, made of mineral glass or polymer, having a third main face F3, a fourth main face F4 opposite the third main face F3 (and a second slice);

[0031] - between the second main face F2 and the third main face F3, a polymer laminate interlayer, in particular comprising a lower interlayer in adhesive contact with the third main face F3 or with a functional transparent coating on the third main face F3 and optionally: an upper interlayer in adhesive contact with the second main face F2 or with a functional transparent coating on the second main face F2, an additional interlayer between the upper interlayer and the lower interlayer, a frame layer surrounding an electrically controllable device and / or a functional polymer film forming a substrate with a functional coating; and

[0032] - a light redirection reflector element on the third main face F3, particularly at the periphery of the laminated glazing, the light redirection element being a prismatic reflector element comprising reflector prisms (oriented towards the third main face F3 or towards the second main face F2), capable of redirecting light from a light source (elongated, collimated, of low divergence), preferably a set of light-emitting diodes, positioned (opposite the laminated glazing) on ​​the fourth main face F4 (coupled to the light redirection element, positioned for the injection of light);

[0033] laminated glazing comprising a light guide extending opposite the second principal face F2, the light guide comprising a guiding layer comprising at least the second sheet, the guiding layer comprising an internal surface and an opposite external surface, the external surface being on the side of the fourth principal face F4, in particular the guiding layer being capable of guiding at least a portion of light rays redirected (by the light redirecting element) along a principal direction of propagation by total internal reflection.

[0034] The second sheet has a refractive index m of at least 1.5 and even at most 2.2 or at most 1.65; the guide layer has a minimum refractive index n cm in, the light guide includes an inner sheath layer between the second main face F2 and the third main face F3, the inner sheath layer having a refractive index n gistrictly less than n cm in, the guiding layer being in contact with the inner cladding layer, the light guide optionally includes an outer cladding layer opposite the inner cladding layer, on the fourth principal face F4 side, and having a refractive index n g 2 strictly less than n cm in;

[0035] The light redirection element (especially elongated and even linear, with an internal longitudinal edge and an external longitudinal edge, the most peripheral of the two edges), has a characteristic width preferably taken from the internal edge (most central longitudinal edge) of the light redirection element, ranging from 0.9L to 3L;

[0036] in which a length L (assumed to be the aforementioned rebound length) is equal to:

[0037] L = 2xE1 xtan(0 RT )

[0038] with :

[0039] 0RT = arcsin(n g M / n Cmin) in particular representing a limit angle of total internal reflection for the guiding layer

[0040] Or :

[0041] E1 is a thickness of the guidance layer downstream of the light redirection element with respect to the main direction of propagation;

[0042] rigM corresponds to a maximum between n gi and n g 2 when the light guide includes an outer sheath layer, and at n gi when the light guide does not include an outer sheath layer, in particular n gi (and even n g M) is equal to n3.

[0043] In one or more embodiments the characteristic width of the light redirection element corresponds to a total width W of the light redirection element.

[0044] Alternatively, the light redirection element extends (laterally) between an outer (longitudinal) edge and an inner (longitudinal) edge, the inner edge being located downstream of the outer edge in a principal direction of light propagation in the light guide, the laminated glazing includes, in the fourth principal face F4, an illumination portion (by the light source), preferably the illumination portion corresponding to the full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the luminance or illuminance distribution in the plane of face F4, the illumination portion extending (laterally) between an outer end and an inner end, the inner end being located downstream of the outer end in the principal direction of light propagation (in the light guide), the characteristic width of the light redirection element corresponds to a width Wp of a portion of the light redirection element,the portion of the light redirection element being delimited by a first end located opposite the outer end of the illuminated portion and a second end corresponding to the inner edge of the light redirection element.

[0045] In one or more embodiments, the characteristic width is greater than L or 1.25L, and preferably less than or equal to 2L.

[0046] In one or more embodiments, the laminated glazing includes, in the fourth main face F4, an illumination portion (by the light source) of width D, preferably the illumination portion corresponding to the width at half height of the luminance or illuminance distribution in the plane of face F4, the characteristic width is less than or equal to L+D.

[0047] Laminated glazing preferably includes at least one means of extracting guided light into the guiding layer, particularly into a clear area of ​​the glazing (central zone), especially in the form of a diffusing coating preferably on the inner surface of the guiding layer (for example, in contact with face F3 or between face F3 and face F2 and at a distance from these faces). Alternatively or cumulatively, the second layer may include diffusing elements (by laser engraving) or be textured or bonded to a textured diffusing element.

[0048] For example, the light redirection element can be a prismatic reflective film (in particular, a film-like element) with reflective prisms oriented towards the third principal face F3 (including those formed by face F3) or towards the second principal face F2, and even with an opposite smooth (flat) face. Preferably, this element is a film with a smooth face and / or with reflective prisms in adhesive contact with the laminate interlayer. The light redirection element can preferably be a prismatic reflective film (film-like element) comprising a textured film or a carrier film (in particular, PET) and a textured layer, in particular an organic layer, especially one based on acrylate, forming the prisms. This textured film or layer is covered with a reflective layer (conformal coating). The prismatic film can be flexible to adapt to the curvature of the glazing.The refractive index of the prismatic film (textured film or textured layer) is for example 1.485 or better 1.5 or even 1.52 to 1.58 and better at 1.54. In particular the refractive index of the carrier film (for example PET) and / or the textured layer (for example acrylate) is for example 1.485 or better 1.5 or even 1.52 to 1.58 and better at 1.54, especially when the reflecting prisms are oriented towards the second main face F2 (upper configuration), because this increases the guided light. In particular the reflecting prisms are oriented towards the third main face F3 and in adhesive contact with an adhesive in particular local (transparent), in particular crosslinked polymer, in particular based on acrylate and / or butene polymers, preferably isobutene and / or 1,3-butadiene polymers or with the adhesive is the lower intermediate adhesive layer (PVB etc).When the reflecting prisms are oriented towards the third principal face F3 (lower configuration), the adhesive, preferably local, can have a refractive index of, for example, 1.485, or better yet 1.5, or even 1.52 to 1.58, and better still 1.54, as this increases the guided light. The light redirection element can be a reflective prismatic film comprising a carrier film, possibly tinted (especially opaque PET), and a textured layer, particularly an organic one, forming the prisms, topped with a reflective layer (conformal coating).

[0049] In some embodiments, the reflecting prisms have an inclined face (redirecting, therefore receiving and redirecting the light) forming an angle of 30° to 50° with the smooth face (preferably substantially horizontal) of the reflecting prismatic element (with the plane of the reflecting prismatic element, preferably a substantially horizontal plane). The inclined surfaces of the prisms are, in particular, formed in the micrometer range. The length of the inclined faces (in cross-section) of the prisms is, for example, preferably from 10 pm to 250 pm, and in particular preferably from 20 pm to 100 pm, for example approximately 30 pm. And / or the prisms may be at least 1 pm high and preferably at most 100, 50, or 30 pm. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the prismatic element is a flexible polymer (or metallic) film. The film is, in particular, polymeric. The prismatic layer or prism substrate (prismatic layer, organic for example) can be less than 200 µm, 100 µm, 80 µm, or 50 µm thick, and even at least 30 µm thick. If the reflecting prisms are oriented towards the third face F3, the substrate film can be tinted and even opaque or opacified. For example, it could be a tinted or even opaque (black) PET supporting the reflecting prisms. Preferably, the reflecting prismatic element has a total thickness of no more than 500 µm, or even 400 µm, 200 µm, or 100 µm, and even at least 30 µm.

[0050] In one embodiment of the invention, the prismatic element is a rigid (micro)textured plate, in particular made of glass, metal or plastic, for example it is a (micro)textured aluminium plate or a transparent (micro)textured plate with a reflective layer.

[0051] The glazed element may include an optical module carrying the light source; for example, the optical module may be fixed to a peripheral seal, a profiled seal of the glazing (polymer encapsulation, etc.), and / or to the F4 face (outside the light injection zone). The optical module may have a face oriented towards the F4 face that is substantially horizontal.

[0052] In certain configurations, for the above ranges of values ​​for the characteristic width of the light redirection element, an outward beam of light may be observed on the F4 face downstream of the light source (downstream of the injection zone) or even downstream of the optical module. This outward beam is therefore visible from the vehicle and can be bothersome.

[0053] Also, in one or more embodiments, the light redirection element extends (laterally) between an outer (longitudinal) edge and an inner (longitudinal) edge, the inner edge being located downstream of the outer edge in the main direction of light propagation, the glazed element further comprising an absorbing element (black, with a molecular coloring agent, etc.), opposite the light redirection element and on the fourth main face F4 side (outside the injection zone) in particular elongated (perpendicular to the direction of propagation), and even which is a linear band.

[0054] The absorbing element extends (laterally) over a portion comprising a main portion delimited by a first (longitudinal) edge and a second (longitudinal) edge downstream of the first edge in the direction of propagation, the second edge being located opposite the inner (longitudinal) edge of the light redirection element. The first edge is offset from the light injection zone (and from the illuminated portion, particularly opposite the inner end of the illuminated portion), and in particular, the first edge being located opposite an inner end of an optical module carrying the light source or facing said optical module.

[0055] The absorbing element may include, in its main part, at least one of the following elements:

[0056] - (preferably) an absorbent layer, in particular a film, in particular a polymer, absorbent and / or an absorbent coating (ink, in particular organic, preferably with a molecular absorbent coloring agent) or absorbent adhesive layer (for example, pressure-sensitive), in optical contact (layer, film or coating, in physical contact or bonded by a transparent adhesive layer) with the fourth principal face F4, in particular all or part (preferably predominantly) offset from an optical module carrying the light source, in particular the first edge being located opposite an internal end of an optical module carrying the light source in the direction of propagation

[0057] - (and / or) an absorbent compressive element (foam etc.) or an absorbent adhesive layer (e.g., pressure-sensitive), sandwiched between an optical module carrying the light source and the fourth face F4

[0058] - (and / or) an absorbing element (flexible or rigid sheet, opaque, polymer etc.) which is spaced from the fourth main face F4, in particular part of or attached to the optical module carrying the light source, in particular part of the opaque housing of the module.

[0059] In particular, the portion over which the absorbing element extends further includes an external portion, the main portion being downstream of the external portion in the direction of propagation, the external portion preferably having a width Wi a at most 2 mm.

[0060] In particular, the portion over which the absorbing element extends includes an internal portion, facing a light source carrier module, adjacent and upstream of the main portion or forming part of the main portion, the internal portion preferably having a width Wlb of no more than 5 mm in particular when the absorbing element is an absorbing layer in optical contact with the fourth face F4.

[0061] In one or more embodiments, the absorbing element, in particular its main part, comprises (in whole or in part) an absorbing layer (film, coating), possibly adhesive (and linked to a support film), in contact with the fourth main face F4 or absorbing layer (film, coating) linked to the fourth main face F4 by an adhesive layer (in particular transparent).

[0062] For example, the adhesive layer can be a transparent, full-surface bonding layer. In this case, the refractive index nn of the absorbent layer and / or the adhesive layer is preferably less than or equal to nGM, for example, a layer made of cross-linked adhesive material, particularly acrylate-based. The adhesive layer is then preferably an OCA (optical clear adhesive) layer, and even, for example, a PSA (pressure sensitive adhesive). For example, nGM corresponds to n3, and in particular is the index of a PVB-based layer. The absorbent layer may contain (or even be) an opaque polymer film (PET etc.).

[0063] Alternatively, the absorbent layer comprises (or is) an absorbent adhesive layer (e.g., OCA, particularly acrylate, with a molecular coloring agent, particularly PSA) on a self-adhesive film or on a substrate, for example, transparent, polymer, or paper. The absorbent adhesive layer can be at least 500 nm thick, or even at least 800 nm, or even at least 1 m thick.

[0064] In one or more embodiments, the glazed element further comprises, on the fourth principal face F4, an external coating that reflects infrared radiation (transparent in the visible spectrum, notably forming a low-emissivity layer). The absorbing element comprises an absorbing layer in contact with the external coating or bonded to the external coating by an adhesive layer (transparent, for example, OCA). The absorbing element may be an opaque adhesive tape, for example, black (such as black Scotch tape), or a flexible substrate (fabric, foam paper, polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyethylene (PET), etc.) coated with an adhesive layer, for example, OCA or PSA. In this case, with the external coating, the refractive index nn of the absorbing layer and / or the adhesive layer may be arbitrary.

[0065] The glazed element may be available with or without the light source. In one or more embodiments, the glazed element includes the (elongated) light source, in particular an array of light-emitting diodes (LED strip), preferably having a divergence of no more than 8°, positioned on the fourth principal face F4, for example facing the light redirection element or more broadly optically coupled to the light redirection element. The light source (each LED) has a principal emission direction relative to a normal to the fourth principal face F4 of no more than 30°, for example emitting a cone of light with angles within [22° ± 4°], or even within [22° ± 2°].

[0066] When the reflecting prisms are oriented towards the second face F2 (upper configuration), the inclined redirecting face is the inclined face furthest upstream with respect to the propagation of the redirected light. When the reflecting prisms are oriented towards the third face F3 (lower configuration), the inclined redirecting face is the inclined face furthest downstream with respect to the propagation of the redirected light.

[0067] In an installation with a light source, the angle of the principal direction of emission of the light source (diodes) with the normal to the plane of the glazing (i.e., the angle of incidence) is preferably no more than 30° and even 25°, preferably with a divergence of no more than 8°. In particular, the principal direction of emission with respect to a Normal to the fourth principal face F4 emits a cone of light with an angle between 22° ± 4° and 22° ± 2°. Preferably, a collimator can be inserted between the light source and face F4. The light source (front-emitting diodes, etc.) can be oblique to the plane of the glazing, to face F4. In particular, when the principal emission direction with respect to a normal to the fourth principal face F4 emits a cone of light with an angle between 22° ± 4°, the prisms can have an inclined (redirecting) face with an angle (called the reference angle) of 35° to 50°, and in particular 40° to 50°, with the smooth face (preferably nearly horizontal). When the reflecting prisms are oriented towards the second face F2 (upper configuration) the inclined redirecting face is the inclined face furthest upstream with respect to the propagation of the redirected light.The angle with the smooth face of the most downstream inclined face is, for example, greater than or equal to the reference angle. When the reflecting prisms are oriented towards the third face F3 (lower configuration), the redirecting inclined face is the most downstream inclined face with respect to the propagation of the redirected light. The angle with the smooth face of the most upstream inclined face is, for example, greater than or equal to the reference angle.

[0068] In another embodiment with the light source, the angle of the principal emission direction of the light source with the normal to the plane (i.e., the angle of incidence) is preferably 0° ± 5°, preferably with a divergence of at most 8°. In particular, the principal emission direction with respect to a normal to the fourth principal face F4 emits a cone of light with angles within the range [0° ± 4°], or even [0° ± 2°]. Preferably, a collimator can be inserted between the light source and face F4. The light source (front-emitting diodes, etc.) can be (approximately) parallel to the plane of the glazing.In particular, when the principal emission direction relative to a normal to the fourth principal face F4 emits a cone of light with angles within the range [0° ± 4°], the prisms may have an inclined (redirecting) face with an angle (called the reference angle) of 30° to 40°, specifically 35° to 40° with the smooth face (preferably substantially horizontal). When the reflecting prisms are oriented towards the second face F2 (upper configuration), the inclined redirecting face is the inclined face furthest upstream with respect to the propagation of the redirected light. The angle with the smooth face of the furthest inclined face downstream is, for example, greater than or equal to the reference angle. When the reflecting prisms are oriented towards the third face F3 (lower configuration), the inclined redirecting face is the inclined face furthest downstream with respect to the propagation of the redirected light.The angle with the smooth face of the most upstream inclined face is, for example, greater than or equal to the reference angle.

[0069] Preferably, a collimator is placed between the light source and the F4 face. In the simplest case, the collimator is a type of converging lens, with the light source preferably positioned at its focal point. The collimator can be made of glass or transparent plastic, particularly polycarbonate (PC) or polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA). The collimator is preferably attached to an optical module that carries the light source. If the light source is designed as a (linear) arrangement of LEDs, a separate collimator can be provided for each LED. However, it is preferable to use a single collimator for all the LEDs. For example, in the case of a linear LED array, a strip-shaped collimator with a length at least equal to the length of the LED array can be used. The exit face of the collimator can be substantially horizontal.

[0070] In one or more embodiments, the polymer laminate interlayer comprises a lower interlayer in adhesive contact with the third main face F3 or with a functional transparent coating on the main face F3, preferably based on clear or tinted PVB, preferably with a refractive index ns strictly less than 1.52, in particular ranging from 1.48 to 1.49. The light guide comprises an inner sheath layer between the second main face F2 and the third main face F3, the guide layer being in contact with the inner sheath layer. The inner sheath layer comprises (in particular only) the lower interlayer layer, and the guide layer comprises the second sheet. Optionally, the guide layer comprises only the second sheet or the second sheet and a transparent, reflective (low-emissivity) layer.

[0071] In one or more embodiments, the polymer laminate interlayer comprises a lower interlayer in adhesive contact with the third main face F3 or with a functional transparent coating on the main face F3, preferably PVB-based (clear), an upper interlayer in adhesive contact with the second main face F2 or with a functional transparent coating (solar control, etc.) on the second main face F2, the guiding layer comprises the second sheet and the lower interlayer (or even a low-emissivity coating), the laminated glazing further comprises:

[0072] - an optical insulating layer, transparent, for example of submillimeter thickness Ei and of at least 400 nm, extending opposite the second main face F2, having a refractive index ni;

[0073] the second sheet has a refractive index m, the lower intercalated layer has a refractive index ns strictly less than 1.52 in particular ranging from 1.48 to 1.49, with ni < ns < ni and for example such that (m - ni) > 0.4;

[0074] Laminated glazing comprises a coated substrate, between the upper interlayer and the lower interlayer, comprising:

[0075] - a transparent film, made of a material, preferably polymer, distinct from a fluoropolymer, with a main front face Fa oriented towards face F2 (possibly in adhesive contact with the upper interlayer) and a main rear face Fb opposite (in adhesive contact with the lower interlayer), of submillimeter thickness Ef;

[0076] - the optical insulating layer which is an optical insulating coating, made of material comprising a matrix, on one of the main front faces Fa or rear faces Fb (preferably), called coated face, and an edge.

[0077] In one or more embodiments with the coated substrate, the lamination interlayer comprises an additional interlayer between the upper interlayer and the lower interlayer, and the coated substrate being sandwiched between the lower interlayer and the additional interlayer.

[0078] In one or more embodiments, the polymer laminate interlayer comprises a lower interlayer, in adhesive contact with the third main face F3 or with a functional transparent coating on the third main face F3 and an upper interlayer in adhesive contact with the second main face F2 or with a functional transparent coating on the second main face F2, the laminated glazing further comprises, between the upper interlayer and the lower interlayer, an electro-controllable device, in particular with diffusion and / or variable tint, in particular PDLC, DDPDLC, GH, or electrochromic, comprising an electroactive layer between a front electroconductive support on the second main face F2 and a rear electroconductive support on the third main face F3, or a photovoltaic device,preferably in optical contact with the upper and lower intercalated layers.

[0079] According to one characteristic, an electro-controllable device is a liquid crystal cell preferably incorporating dichroic dyes or is an electrochromic layer, in particular the liquid crystal cell is a host-guest cell called "GH" (for "Guest-Host" in English) or a polymer-based cell such as a PDLC cell (for "Polymer-Dispersed Liquid Crystal" in English), or a PNLC cell (for "Polymer Network Liquid Crystal" in English) or a PSLC cell (for "Polymer stabilized liquid crystal" or a DDPDLC cell (for "Dye-Doped Polymer-Dispersed Liquid Crystal" in English).

[0080] A DDPDLC cell exhibits a discontinuous phase of microscopic liquid crystal (LC) droplets within the continuous polymer matrix phase. The shapes, sizes, and distribution of these droplets depend on numerous physicochemical parameters (and the phase separation method used). When switched off, the DDPDLC scatters light due to the presence of microdroplets with a refractive index different from that of the polymer matrix. The DDPDLC also absorbs light due to the presence of dichroic dyes in the LC phase. The combination of these two properties results in a dark and hazy (opaque) appearance.When illuminated, the dyes and LCs are oriented perpendicular to the film plane, and therefore the light is not (or only slightly) scattered. The refractive index matches that of the polymer matrix, and the absorption cross-section is low, resulting in a transparent and clear appearance. Examples of DDPDLC cells are described in patent application CN 117567875.

[0081] A liquid crystal cell called a guest host cell (or GH), with variable color (light to dark state and vice versa), has an electroactive layer comprising a liquid volume of liquid crystals mixed with dichroic (dissolved) dyes, electroactive layer between a support, in particular dielectric and transparent, upper (electrode) comprising an upper electrode in particular transparent, surmounted by an upper alignment layer and a lower (electrode) support in particular dielectric and transparent comprising a lower electrode in particular transparent surmounted by a lower alignment layer, the electroactive layer being between the lower and upper alignment layers, the lower support being closer to the F3 face than the upper support, in particular the guest host cell being surrounded by an intercalated laminated frame layer (based on PVB).A host-guest cell is advantageous because it has a very fast switching time, a strong contrast between light and dark states, low blur, and a color that can be neutral.

[0082] In one or more embodiments, the glazed element comprises at least one of the following functional elements:

[0083] - an opaque, peripheral internal masking layer between the second main face F2 and the third main face F3 (outside the light guide), and even covering a perimeter of the optical insulating coating and even of the coated substrate and / or the electro-controllable device, in particular in contact with the second main face F2, defining a clear window;

[0084] - possibly an internal, peripheral, opaque masking layer on the fourth main face F4, in particular congruent with or narrower than the width of the internal masking layer; and upstream of the injection zone

[0085] - an internal peripheral opaque element between the second main face F2 and the light redirection element, forming an internal masking of the light source and / or the light redirection element;

[0086] - an external (transparent) coating, reflecting infrared, such as a transparent conductive oxide layer stack, on the fourth face F4 of the second sheet;

[0087] - an internal (transparent) coating, reflecting infrared such as a stack of one or more silver layers, on the second main face F2 on the first clear sheet, or on an additional film in particular polymer or on a main face of an upper electrode support, of an electro-controllable device, main face oriented towards the second main face F2;

[0088] - an optical barrier layer with a refractive index lower than the refractive index of the first sheet, topped with an external coating reflecting infrared, such as a stack with a transparent conductive oxide layer, on the fourth face F4 of the second sheet.

[0089] Another aspect of the invention relates to a vehicle, in particular a road vehicle, comprising a glazed element as defined above.

[0090] The invention and its various applications will be better understood by reading the following description and examining the accompanying figures. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

[0091] Other features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the description, which can be read in conjunction with the figures. These figures are provided for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0092] Figures 1a, 1c, 1d represent a schematic cross-sectional view of a glazed element according to an embodiment of the invention.

[0093] Figure 1b shows a detail of the light redirection element of a glazed element as shown in Figure 1a.

[0094] Figure 1e represents a glazed element according to the embodiment of Figure 1a, the glazed element being a vehicle roof.

[0095] Figures 1f and 1g illustrate curves representing the quantities of fleeing and guided light as a function of the width of the light redirection element.

[0096] Figure 1h represents the ratio of guided light to spilling light as a function of the width W of the light redirection element.

[0097] Figure 2a shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a glazed element according to another embodiment of the invention.

[0098] Figure 2b represents a glazed element according to the embodiment of Figure 2a.

[0099] Figures 3 to 6 represent a schematic cross-sectional view of a glazed element according to other embodiments of the invention.

[0100] Figure 7a represents a schematic cross-sectional view of a glazed element according to another embodiment of the invention.

[0101] Figure 7f represents a schematic cross-sectional view of a glazed element according to another embodiment of the invention.

[0102] Figures 7b, 7c, 7d, 7e represent different examples of electrically controllable devices for the glazed element of Figure 7a or Figure 7f.

[0103] Figures 8 to 17 represent a schematic cross-sectional view of a glazed element according to other embodiments of the invention involving an anti-outgoing light absorbing element. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0104] Figure 1a shows a schematic cross-sectional view, shown here lateral, of a glazed element 100 that can be illuminated by injecting and redirecting light, in one embodiment of the invention. The illuminateable glazed element could be, for example, a laminated glass car roof, but the invention is not limited to this example. It should be noted that the elements shown in Figure 1a, as in all figures, are not drawn to scale, to facilitate their visibility and understanding of the invention.

[0105] The glazed element 100 in Figure 1a comprises a curved laminated glazing which includes:

[0106] - a first sheet of glass 1, for example rectangular (of dimensions 1600x1100 mm for example), with a tinted composition (VENUS VG10 or TSA 4+ glass marketed by Saint-Gobain Glass with a light transmission (LT) of approximately 28%), for example, with a thickness of 2.1 mm, with a first main face 11 corresponding to face F1, a second main face 12 called face F2, and an edge (longitudinal slices 10 and 10'), face F2 of which may be coated with a coating Functional transparent glass (e.g., heated), or even F1-faced; or alternatively, clear glass with an infrared-reflective coating (silver stacking) forming solar control

[0107] - a second transparent sheet 2, preferably mineral glass, here of the same shape and dimensions as the first sheet 1, forming internal glazing, on the passenger compartment side, having a third main face 13 or face F3 and a fourth main face 14 or face F4, and an edge (longitudinal slices 20 and 20'), for example a sheet of soda-lime silicate glass, extra clear such as Diamant glass marketed by the Saint-Gobain Glass company with a TL of at least 91%, of a thickness equal for example to 2.9 mm, glass with a refractive index m of the order of 1.52 at 600 nm or Optiwhite glass of 1.95 mm, or Sunmax glass of 2.05 mm; and

[0108] - between face F2 and face F3, a transparent laminate interlayer 3, with a longitudinal edge 30 here aligned or possibly offset from the longitudinal edges 10, 10' towards the center of the glass (therefore recessed).

[0109] The lamination interlayer 3 comprises at least one interlayer 32, called the lower interlayer 32, of PVB (with plasticizers, at least 10% by weight and at most 30%, or even 20%), clear (as transparent as possible and with as few optical defects as possible), 0.38 mm or 0.76 mm thick (in one or two layers), in adhesive contact with face F3, with a refractive index ns of approximately 1.48 at 600 nm, for example, PVB with a TL of 99.9%. Alternatively, the lower interlayer 32 is based on PVB with no or few plasticizers (in particular less than 5% by weight), in particular Kuraray SkyViera or Optical Grade Thin Film, for example, with a thickness of at most 100 µm or 25 µm. Alternatively, the lower interlayer 32 is based on crosslinked polymer adhesive material in particular adhesive polyacrylate film or adhesive silicone film in particular of at least 30 pm or it is an adhesive coating (polyacrylate, etc.) obtained by deposition on the third face F3.

[0110] The glazed element 100 further includes an internal masking layer 5 (optional) forming a masking frame delimiting a glazed area 50 (daylight), for example rectangular with straight edges (see Figure 1e). For example, the internal masking layer 5 is:

[0111] - a black enamel on face F2; or

[0112] - a black ink, on one of the faces of the upper interlayer preferably the face oriented towards face F2, ink preferably based on PVB with black pigments if upper interlayer 31 PVB.

[0113] In some embodiments, the glazed element 100 may include another masking layer (not shown in Figure 1a), referred to as the inner, peripheral, opaque masking layer, on the fourth principal face F4. In particular, the inner masking layer may be congruent with or narrower than the width of the inner masking layer 5 and may be absent in the injection zone and even opposite the light redirection element.

[0114] For the light function, the glazed element 100 further includes, preferably masked from the outside by the internal masking layer 5, an optical module 40 comprising a light source 4, for example light-emitting diodes (here front-emitting) mounted on a support for example a printed circuit board (PCB), arranged opposite (or offset) the fourth main face F4 14.

[0115] Module 40 can also carry a collimator (common to diodes) and, having a preferably opaque housing 41 (black, etc.), can be attached, for example, to the glazing by a mechanical fastener. The module can be in optical contact with the glazing by means of a foam (see element 23 in Figure 13). The collimator can also be attached (to face F4).

[0116] In particular, the light source 4 can be laterally emitting. Alternatively, the light source 4 can be one or more primary sources (diodes, etc.) directly coupled to a waveguide. White or colored diodes can be chosen for ambient lighting, reading lighting, etc. Several rows of diodes 4 (one edge, two edges, three edges, around the entire periphery) can be used, driven independently and even in different colors.

[0117] Depending on the embodiment, the optical module 40 can be part of the glazed element, or can be a separate element from the glazed element.

[0118] In addition, the laminated glass element 100 includes, on the third main face F3 13 side, a local, peripheral light redirection element 8, which is a prismatic reflective film 8 for example of rectangular shape in the plane of the glazing for example in one or more modules joined together each of at least 10cm or 20cm.

[0119] The prismatic film of Figure 1b extends laterally between an external longitudinal edge 80 and an internal longitudinal edge 80', the external edge 80 being located upstream of the internal edge 80' in the direction of propagation of the redirected light rays (denoted P), with:

[0120] - a flat part 81 (substrate, for example PET, preferably no more than 100 µm thick) glued or fixed by suction to the third face F3 13; and

[0121] - a textured layer (by embossing, etc.), partially or even fully textured, forming prisms 82 which become reflectors by a reflective layer 83, for example metallic (by conformal deposition on the prismatic textured surface).

[0122] Here the prismatic reflective film 8 is glued with glue 60 onto the third main face F3. It can also be held by suction.

[0123] The (micro)prisms are schematically in cross-section as inclined faces forming right triangles, but the angle of the inclined faces can be adjusted to better redirect towards the means of extraction.

[0124] For example, the reflective prismatic film 8 comprises a transparent thermoplastic film, for example based on polyethylene terephthalate (PET), on which transparent prisms are formed from a polyacrylate (reinforced resin for example by UV), and a metallic layer (conformal deposit, for example aluminium) enables the formation of the reflective prisms.

[0125] The reflective prismatic film 8 is in adhesive contact, here with the lower interlayer 32.

[0126] Alternatively, the prismatic reflective film 8 is a monolithic polymer film, for example preformed, onto which the reflective layer 83 is applied.

[0127] In this embodiment, the angle of the principal emission direction of the light source 4 with the normal to the plane of the glazing (i.e., the angle of incidence) is preferably no more than 30° and even 25°, preferably with a divergence of no more than 8°. In particular, the principal emission direction with respect to a normal to the fourth principal face F4 emits a cone of light with an angle in the range of 22° ± 4°, or even in the range of 22° ± 2°. Preferably, a collimator can be inserted between the light source 4 and the face F4. The light source 4 is here oblique to the plane of the glazing, to the face F4.

[0128] The prisms here have a redirecting inclined face with a reference angle of 35° to 50°, specifically 40° to 50° with the smooth face (preferably nearly horizontal). Here, the reflecting prisms are oriented towards the second face F2 (upper configuration). The redirecting face is the inclined face of the prism furthest upstream with respect to the propagation of the redirected light, so the reference angle is the most upstream angle Y1 (see Figure 1b). The angle Y2 of the other inclined face, the most downstream, is, for example, equal to Y1.

[0129] Alternatively, when the reflecting prisms are oriented towards the third face F3 (see figure 4, lower configuration), the redirecting face is the inclined face of the prism. The most downstream angle relative to the propagation of the redirected light is such that the reference angle is the most downstream angle Y2. The angle Y1 of the most upstream inclined face is, for example, equal to Y2.

[0130] In another embodiment, the angle of the principal direction of emission of the light source with the normal to the plane (i.e., the angle of incidence) is preferably 0° ± 5°, preferably with a divergence of at most 8°. In particular, the principal direction of emission with respect to a normal to the fourth principal face F4 emits a cone of light with angles within the range [0° ± 4°], or even [0° ± 2°]. Preferably, a collimator can be inserted between the light source and face F4. The light source can be (approximately) parallel to the plane of the glazing. The prisms can have a redirecting inclined face with a so-called reference angle of 30° to 40°, in particular 35° to 40° with the smooth face (preferably approximately horizontal). When the reflecting prisms are oriented towards the second face F2, the redirecting face is the inclined face furthest upstream with respect to the propagation of the redirected light.When the reflecting prisms are oriented towards the third face F3, the redirecting face is the inclined face furthest downstream with respect to the propagation of the redirected light.

[0131] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the laminated glass element 100 may include one or more light extraction means 6 for directing light to a desired location. In the example shown in Figure 1a, the light extraction means 6 are positioned on the third face F3 13. Other positions are possible for the light extraction means 6 (see Figures 5, 6, or 7a, for example), and these positions may optionally be combined.

[0132] The light from the light source 4 is refracted in the second glass 2, in the prismatic reflector film 8, and then redirected at a given angle towards the light extraction means 6. The light rays propagate by total internal reflection at face F4 14, and:

[0133] - for some, by total internal reflection at the interface of the lower laminated interlayer 32 and the second sheet 2 up to the means of light extraction 6 (via the surface on the face side F3 13);

[0134] - and even for others at the interface of the lower laminated interlayer 32 and an optical insulation layer 7, and reach the light extraction means 6 via the face-side surface F2 12) (case of figures 5, 6, 7a).

[0135] Thus, the glazed element includes a light guide inside which the light rays from the light source 4 are guided. This waveguide extends opposite the face F2 and is delimited by an external surface and an internal surface opposite each other, the external surface being located on the side face F4 14.

[0136] The light guide includes, between the inner and outer surfaces, a guiding layer (or "core guiding layer" or "core layer") within which at least a portion of the light rays propagate along a principal direction of propagation P by total internal reflection. The guiding layer includes at least the second sheet 2.

[0137] The light guide further includes, in contact with the guiding layer, an internal sheath layer located between face F2 12 and face F3 13. The internal sheath layer corresponds for example to the lower intercalated layer 32 or an optical isolation layer (layer 7, Figure 5 or 7a for example).

[0138] Optionally, the guidance layer may include an IR-reflecting coating positioned facing F4 14, like layer 17 shown in the example in Figure 2a.

[0139] The means of light extraction 6 can be diffusing elements, for example patterns made using diffusing ink, as transparent as possible if desired, and in the clear glass.

[0140] The means of light extraction 6 are, for example, extended or point geometric patterns, in particular with a width of no more than 10 mm to avoid any shadowing phenomenon.

[0141] For example, the distance between the light extraction means 6 and the light source 4 (or the prismatic reflector film 8) is at least 10 mm or 40 mm.

[0142] For example, the light extraction means 6 include a diffusing coating (a network of disjointed and / or interconnected patterns) in contact with the F3 face 13 and covering at most 40% of the clear glass area to promote adhesion with the second sheet 2. The diffusing coating is deposited on the F3 face 13 (for example, a semi-transparent enamel) or on the main face of the lower PVB layer 32 oriented towards the F3 face (when the lamination interlayer 3 includes a lower interlayer 32, as in the example in Figure 2a). The diffusing coating is polymeric or mineral and can be deposited by liquid means (inkjet printing, screen printing, etc.).

[0143] For example, the diffusing coating is on face F3 13 (or even F4 14 or on a T film described later), for example with an acrylate matrix, preferably with a refractive index greater than or equal to ni, with TiCh particles of at least 100 nm in diameter and preferably of at most 1 pm or 400 nm. It is 10 pm to 100 pm thick. even 50 pm. The diffusing coating (for example based on PVB with TiO2 particles of 100 to 200 nm in diameter) is alternately deposited on the face of PVB 32 oriented towards the face F3.

[0144] In an alternative described in relation to Figure 5, the diffusing coating (for example, based on PVB with TiO2 particles of 100 to 200 nm in diameter) is deposited on the face of the PVB 32 oriented towards face F2, and is then in contact with the optical insulating coating 7 (or in contact with the back face if the optical insulating coating is moved to the front face) or is deposited on the optical insulating coating 7. For example, the diffusing coating (network of disjointed and / or interconnected patterns) in contact with the optical insulating coating 7 (or the back face of the film 7' if the optical insulating coating is moved to the front face) covers at most 50% of the clear glass to promote the adhesion of the optical insulating coating (or the back face if the optical insulating coating is moved to the front face) with the lower interlayer layer 32.

[0145] The glazed element 100 can have a plurality of light extraction means 6 corresponding to respective extraction zones, notably of a given geometry (rectangular, square, round, ...). As an alternative to a diffusing coating (enamel, ink, screen-printed or inkjet-printed, etc.), the light extraction means 6 may be a film, locally applied or bonded to the third face F3 or even the fourth face F4 (prismatic film or film with a diffusing or mass-diffusing layer).

[0146] As shown in the partial view of Figure 1c, the light source 4 illuminates face F4 14 over an illumination area of ​​width D. In this example, the light source 4 is collimated or of low divergence, having a principal emission direction forming a mean angle α with respect to a normal to the fourth principal face F4 14. It should be noted that it is not always possible to obtain perfectly collimated light, and that there may be a difference between the angle α of the outermost ray and the angle α2 of the innermost ray. The mean angle α can thus correspond to the average of the angles associated with the different rays emanating from the light source 4. For example, the mean angle α may be between 20° and 30°. Such a collimated light source 4 may have a divergence of at most 8°, in particular between 1° and 4°.

[0147] The illumination portion is delimited by an external end Di and an internal end D2, the internal end D2 being located downstream of the external end Di with respect to the direction P of propagation of light in the glazed element 100.

[0148] The light redirection element 8 has a total width W such that W = Wa + Wp, where:

[0149] Wa corresponds to the distance between the outer edge 80 of the light redirection element 8 and the outer end D1 of the illuminated portion of face F4 14. This distance Wa can be zero. This distance Wa can also be strictly positive, or even such that the light redirection element 8 extends, on its outer edge 80, to the longitudinal slice 30 of the laminated layer 3. For example, and without limitation, Wa can be between 1 mm and 3 mm, for example equal to 2 mm; and

[0150] Wp corresponds to the distance between the outer end Di of the illumination portion of face F4 14 and the inner edge 80' of the light redirection element 8.

[0151] According to one or more embodiments of the invention, the light redirection element 8 has a width W ranging from 0.9L to 3L, where L represents the length of a bounce of a light ray inside the light guide: 0.9L < W < 3L.

[0152] This length L is illustrated in the partial view of element 100 shown in Figure 1d. The second sheet 2 has a visible refractive index m of at least 1.5, for example, at most 2.2, or even at most 1.65. The guide layer has a minimum visible refractive index denoted n cmin, which corresponds to the minimum refractive indices of the components of the guide layer (second glass 2 and possibly lower interlayer 32). It is noted that in the absence of additional layers in the guide layer, n cm in is equal to . The inner sheath layer has a refractive index n gi strictly within n cm in. The possible outer sheath layer has a refractive index equal to n g 2 strictly less than n cm in. In the absence of an outer sheath layer, n g 2 corresponds to the refractive index of air.

[0153] The limiting angle of total internal reflection 0RT, shown in Figure 1a, is defined by the relation: 0 RT = arcsin(n gM / n cm in), where n gM is the maximum refractive index among n gi and n g2 : n gM = max(n gi ; n g2 ).

[0154] As shown in Figure 1d, noting E1 the thickness of the light guide downstream of the light redirection element 8, the length of a bounce L downstream of the light redirection element 8 inside the light guide corresponds to the distance between a point of incidence h of a light ray from the light source 4 on the surface of the guide layer on the F3 side (downstream of the light redirection element 8) therefore at the interface with the internal guide layer 3, and the next point of incidence I2 of the same light ray when it hits the surface of the guide layer on the F3 side.

[0155] This rebound length L can be approximated by the relation: L = 2xE1 xtan(0R-r).

[0156] It is noted that, depending on the embodiment, the guiding layer may comprise the second glass 2 only, or the second glass 2 and the lower interlayer 32 (in the presence of an optical insulating coating 7). Thus, depending on the embodiments of In realization, the thickness E1 can correspond to the thickness of the second glass 2, or to the thickness of the second glass 2 and the lower interlayer 32.

[0157] As mentioned above, in one or more embodiments, the width W of the light redirection element 8 is such that: 0.9L < W < 3L.

[0158] In particular, the width W of the light redirection element 8 can be such that 0.9L < W < 2L, or even such that L < W < 2L or such that 1.25L < W < 2L.

[0159] It has been observed on the currently used laminated glass that light leaks and the formation of a light halo have been observed on an area of ​​the laminated glass element close to the light source 4.

[0160] The inventors of the present invention attributed this problem to the fact that some of the light was reflected at an angle slightly less than the internal total internal reflection angle, and thus escaped into the interlayer 3 or 32, where an absorbent top layer diffuses and extracts the stray light, thereby causing leakage. For example, the absorbent layer could be a tinted PVB or an electroactive layer in a PDLC polymer matrix, or any other layer having at least one defect.

[0161] The inventors determined that the formation of such a halo could be avoided or greatly reduced by increasing the width of the light redirection element 8. It is noted that increasing the width of the light redirection element is, at first glance, counterintuitive to a person skilled in the art, as it decreases the amount of guided light.

[0162] In particular, the inventors of the present invention have focused on the problem of the optimal width of the light redirection element, which represents the best compromise between reducing or even eliminating the light halo (by limiting the amount of light that leaks out of the light guide) and good guidance of the light rays in the light guide.

[0163] The inventors have thus determined that the ranges of values ​​indicated above for the width of the light redirection element 8 constitute a good compromise between a reduction of the light halo and good light guidance.

[0164] It is noted that the above ranges of values ​​do not depend on the light source 4 used, and are optimal ranges of values ​​for any type of light source 4, thus allowing series production of the glazed laminated elements 100, regardless of the light source with which they are intended to be associated.

[0165] In some embodiments, the ranges of values ​​can be refined according to the light source 4 intended to illuminate the glazed element 100. Such embodiments can be used in particular when the properties of the light source 4 intended to illuminate the glazed element 100 and its positioning relative to the glazed element 100 are known.

[0166] Thus, in embodiments of the invention, the light redirection element 8 is such that Wp ranges from 0.9L to 3L: 0.9L < Wp < 3L. In particular, the light redirection element 8 can be such that 0.9L < Wp < 2L, or even such that L < Wp < 2L or such that 1.25L < Wp < 2L.

[0167] In other embodiments, the maximum value for the width W or the width Wp of the light redirection element 8 may be equal to L+D, with D defined above with reference to Figure 1c.

[0168] In some embodiments, the width of the light redirection element 8 can therefore be chosen such that 0.9L < W < L+D, in particular such that L < W < L+D, or even such that 1.25L < W < L+D.

[0169] Alternatively, the width of the light redirection element 8 can be chosen such that 0.9L < Wp < L+D, in particular such as L < Wp < L+D, or even such as 1.25L < Wp < L+D.

[0170] Figure 1e shows a schematic view of a glazed element as shown in Figure 1a, in which the glazed element is a vehicle roof. The vehicle could be, for example, a car.

[0171] The glazed roof 100 in Figure 1e has an internal masking layer 5 forming a masking frame that delimits a glazed area 50 (daylight), here rectangular with straight edges. Any local modification of the edges 50 is possible (gradient of points, wider area, etc.), and other shapes for the glazed area 50 are possible. The glazed roof 100 has a length L1 in the longitudinal direction X and a width L2 along the transverse direction Y (orthogonal to the longitudinal direction X). The transverse direction Y corresponds to the principal direction P of light propagation in the light guide. The glazed roof 100 also includes a module carrying a light source 4 forming a longitudinal band along a longitudinal edge 10, 20 of the glazed roof 100 (parallel to the edges or at an angle, particularly with inclined edges, trapezoidal glazing, etc.).The prismatic film 8 also forms a longitudinal band (bar), notably rectangular, of width W. The glazed roof 100 further includes three light extraction means 6 in the form of longitudinal bands arranged side by side. Of course, the extraction means 6 can have another shape (square, patterned, etc.) and be more or less numerous.

[0172] In this example, the glazed element 100 is a rectangular, curved (along one or more directions) laminated car roof 100. Specifically, for a fixed roof Tl (canopy) The width L2 is 85 cm to 1.4 m and the length L1 is 75 cm to 1.65 m. The dimensions of the internal masking layer can be as follows:

[0173] - the masking width at the front (side edge towards the driver's seat) is for example from 10 to 40 cm;

[0174] - the masking width at the rear (from the rear side edge towards the rear passenger seats) is, for example, 5 to 25 cm; and

[0175] - the masking width on the long sides (longitudinal edges) is for example 5 to 20 cm, identical or different width for the two long sides.

[0176] Figures 1f and 1g illustrate curves representing the quantities of light that is escaping (for Figure 1f) and guided (for Figure 1g) as a function of the width W of the light redirection element (with W = W a + W p , and W afixed and equal to 2 mm), in a glazed element 200 such as that in Figure 2a. The x-axis corresponds to the width W of the light redirection element 8. The y-axis corresponds to the percentage of leakage light (for Figure 1f) and the percentage of guided light (for Figure 1g). In these two figures, the CR zone corresponds to the range of values ​​of a prismatic element optimizing guidance, for the width W of the light redirection element 8. The NR zone corresponds to the range of values ​​between L and D+L for the width W of the light redirection element 8 according to the invention.

[0177] It can be observed that, in the NR zone according to the invention, there is little loss of guided light compared to the gain in terms of leakage light. For example, by increasing the width of the light redirection element 8 from 18 mm (value in the CR range) to 31 mm (value in the NR range of the invention), the guided light is lost by only 25%, while the amount of leakage light is divided by approximately 4.

[0178] Figure 1h represents the ratio of guided light to spillover light as a function of the width W of the light redirection element 8, obtained for the values ​​in Figures 1f and 1g. The CR and NR zones are defined in the same way as in Figures 1f and 1g.

[0179] It can be seen in Figure 1g that the guided light to leakage light ratio increases rapidly as the width W of the light redirection element 8 increases. Beyond the upper limit of the NR value range, leakage light decreases much more slowly and the guided light to leakage light ratio flattens out.

[0180] Figure 2a represents a glazed element 200 according to another embodiment of the invention.

[0181] This embodiment differs from that of Figure 1a in that the glazed element 200 comprises a layer 17 of an IR-reflective coating facing F4 14, forming a Low-emissivity layer. This layer 17 can be a thin metal or metal oxide layer applied to the F4 14 face side. In this configuration, layer 17 belongs to the light guide layer. In addition, a second 40' module carrying a second 4' light source and a second 8' light redirection element are placed on the side of the second longitudinal edge 10', 20'.

[0182] Figure 2b shows a schematic view of a glazed element as shown in Figure 2a, in which the glazed element is a vehicle roof. The vehicle could be, for example, a car. Compared to the vehicle roof in Figure 1e, the glazed roof 200 in Figure 2b includes a second optical module carrying a second light source 4', forming a second longitudinal band along the edge at points 10', 20'. The glazed roof 200 in Figure 2b further includes a second prismatic film 8', also forming a longitudinal band of width W along the edge at points 10', 20'.

[0183] It is noted that, in all embodiments, the light redirection element 8 can be a single element or a plurality of elements joined end-to-end (i.e., without discontinuity), as shown in Figure 3. The glazed element 300 of Figure 3 differs from the glazed element 100 of Figure 1a in that the light redirection element 8 comprises two light redirection elements 8a and 8b placed side by side. Each light redirection element can be as shown in Figure 1b. In this configuration, it is understood that the width W is defined for the assembly formed by the prismatic elements 8a and 8b placed end-to-end. The same applies to the distance Wp.

[0184] Furthermore, compared to the glazed element 100 in Figure 1a, the glazed element 300 in Figure 3 includes a protective layer 17', with a low refractive index, on face F4 14, which can serve, in particular, to protect against the effects of scratches or fingerprints. In this configuration, layer 17' is not part of the light guide layer; it is an external guide layer, and the light rays are reflected at the interface between the second sheet 2 and layer 17'. Examples of such a layer include those described in application WO2024 / 089162.

[0185] In some embodiments, a low-refractive-index layer 17' may be covered with a transparent IR-reflective coating 17 (the low-index layer 17' being located between layer 17 and the second sheet 2). Layer 17' optically isolates layer 17 from the external surface of the waveguide. Examples of such a layer include those described in application WO2024 / 089161.

[0186] Figure 4 shows a partial view of a glazed element 400 according to another embodiment of the invention.

[0187] The glazed element 400 of Figure 4 differs from the glazed element 200 of Figure 2a in that the light redirection element 8 is a reversed reflective prismatic film glued to the face F3 13 with a transparent optical adhesive 84 with a predetermined refractive index.

[0188] Figure 5 represents a partial view of a glazed element 500 according to another embodiment of the invention.

[0189] Compared to the glazed element 100 of Figure 1a, the lamination interlayer 3 of the glazed element 500 of Figure 5 comprises, in addition to the lower interlayer layer 32, an upper interlayer layer 31, in particular thermoplastic, here based on PVB (with plasticizers, at least 30% by weight), of 0.38 mm or 0.76 mm (in one or two sheets) in adhesive contact on the face F2 12, clear or in a tinted variant, for example tinted grey with a TL equal to 27%.

[0190] The upper interlayer 31 is positioned on the second face F2 12 and the lower interlayer 32 is positioned on the third face F3 13.

[0191] In the glazed element 500 of Figure 5, the light redirection element 8 is an inverted prismatic film positioned at the interface between the lower interlayer 32 and the upper interlayer 31. The light redirection element 8 is here an inverted reflective prismatic film bonded via the lower interlayer 32 or, alternatively, as in the previous Figure 4, via a local adhesive to face F3. Similar to the glazed element 200 of Figure 2a, the glazed element 500 of Figure 5 includes an IR-reflecting layer 17 on face F4 14, forming a low-emissivity layer.

[0192] The glazed element 500 further comprises a substrate coated with a low-index layer 7, positioned at the interface between the lower interlayer 32 and the upper interlayer 31, adjacent to the light redirection element 8, downstream of the light redirection element 8. The optical isolation layer, in particular, increases the amount of light in the waveguide. Typically, the optical isolation layer 7 has a lower refractive index than the refractive index of the interlayer 32. The coated substrate therefore comprises an optical isolation coating 7 on one of the front faces Fa 7 T (oriented towards face F2), or alternatively on the rear face Fb 72' (oriented towards faces F3) as shown here, referred to as the coated (or deposition) face, of a transparent film 7', preferably polymeric and preferably distinct from a fluoropolymer.The coated substrate is sandwiched between the upper interlayer 31 and the lower interlayer 32, extends throughout the clear glass and beyond, its edge 70, 70' being under the masking layer 5.

[0193] The optical insulating coating 7 is made of a material, preferably a polymer, comprising a matrix with a submillimeter thickness Ei of at least 400 nm and preferably 500 nm or 800 nm, and an edge 70 possibly recessed from the edge of the film 70' without compromising the optical insulating function. The optical insulating coating may be applied directly or on a functional sub-layer (barrier, etc.), transparent to the film 7'.

[0194] The 7' film is transparent but can be tinted.

[0195] Optical insulating coating 7 is transparent, even as transparent as possible, and can be tinted.

[0196] In one configuration, the optical insulating coating comprises a crosslinked polymer matrix with said n2 index, preferably of at most 1.42 and even of at least 1.35, the matrix preferably being among polyacrylate-based polymers with a fluorinated function, in particular urethane acrylate, fluorourethane acrylate, or fluorosilicone acrylate. The thickness is preferably at most 10 µm, 5 µm, or 2 µm and at least 800 nm.

[0197] In one configuration, the optical insulating coating comprises a matrix with a refractive index n2m greater than n2 and less than ni, and preferably with n2m of at most 1.48 (and preferably n2 of at most 1.42 and even at least 1.35), and comprising (nano)porosity and / or low-index and / or porous, hollow (nano)particles with a refractive index less than m, in particular hollow particles of at most 300 nm or even 100 nm in size, for example, hollow silica nanoparticles. The thickness is preferably at most 10 pm or 5 pm and at least 800 nm.

[0198] The matrix is ​​cross-linked or thermoplastic, specifically chosen from polymers based on polyacrylate, polyepoxides, polyvinyl acetate, polyester, polyurethane, PVB, or minerals, particularly silica. Polyacrylate, polyurethane, or even polyepoxide, polyvinyl acetate, and polyester-based polymer matrices are preferred.

[0199] Alternatively, the 7' film is an ultra-thin glass and / or the 7 coating is porous silica.

[0200] To avoid creases and undulations, the coated substrate should preferably be located in a roof area with a curvature or limited sphericity, particularly with a radius of curvature of at least 1.5 m. For example, section 70 can be sufficiently far from the sections of sheets 1 and 2. The masking width on the sides and / or front and rear can be adjusted (increased) for this purpose.

[0201] For example, the 7' transparent film is a clear PET of less than 200 pm, specifically 100 pm or 75 pm, with a TL of approximately 90% or more.

[0202] In the embodiment of Figure 5, the guidance layer comprises the IR-reflecting coating 17, the second sheet 2, and the lower interlayer 32. Thus, the thickness E1 of the guidance layer corresponds to the total thickness of these three elements, as shown in Figure 5. The length of a bounce L downstream of the light redirection element 8 inside the light guide corresponds to the distance between a point of incidence h of a light ray from the light source 4 on the surface of the guidance layer at the interface between the lower interlayer 32 and the coating 7 (downstream of the light redirection element 8), and the next point of incidence l2 of the same light ray when it re-hits the surface of the guidance layer at the interface between the lower interlayer 32 and the coating 7.

[0203] In the glazed element 500 of Figure 5, the light extraction means 6 are, for example, absorbing patterns printed on the coating 7. Alternatively, these patterns can be printed on either of the main faces of the lower interlayer 32, or on the face F3 13.

[0204] Figure 6 represents a glazed element 600 according to another embodiment of the invention.

[0205] Similar to the glazed element 500 of Figure 5, the lamination interlayer 3 of the glazed element 600 of Figure 6 comprises a lower interlayer 32 and an upper interlayer 31. Unlike Figure 5, the light redirection element 8 of the glazed element 600 is positioned at the interface between the second glass 2 and the lower interlayer 32.

[0206] The glazed element 600 in Figure 6 also includes a coated substrate 7, 7', sandwiched between the upper interlayer 31 and the lower interlayer 32. The coated substrate is recessed from the edges 10, 10', 20, 20' of the sheets 1, 2, by at least 10 mm. The transparent film, and indeed the coated substrate, is less than 200 µm thick, or at most 100 µm, and is protected at its periphery by one or both of the lower and upper interlayers 31, 32 (preventing creep during lamination). If the upper interlayer is clear, the interface between the two lower and upper interlayers 31, 32 may be indistinguishable.

[0207] In the embodiment of Figure 6, the reflecting prisms of the prismatic element 8 are arranged on face F2, at the interface between the lower interlayer 32 and the second sheet 2. In addition, the element 600 is devoid of the IR-reflecting coating layer 17 on face F4 14. The light extraction means 6 are positioned here on face F4 14, towards the outside of the glazed element 600.

[0208] The reflective prismatic film 8 is, in the example of Figure 6, under the coated substrate 7, 7'. As a precaution, to avoid stray light passing through the film and even the masking layer 5, it is possible to optionally add an internal opaque element 5' opposite the prismatic film 8 (of the same width and not exceeding the internal edge 80' of the film 8), here an opaque (black) ink on the front face 7T of the film 7' or a black PET film glued or placed on top.

[0209] Figure 7a represents a glazed element 700 according to another embodiment.

[0210] The glazed element 700 differs from the glazed element 600 of Figure 6 in that it includes, between the upper interlayer 31 and the additional interlayer 33, an electrically controlled device 9, here with variable diffusion and even variable tint, the additional interlayer 33 being, for example, preferably tinted, gray, in particular tinted or clear PVB. The device 9 is, for example, a liquid crystal cell: GH, PDLC, or PDLC with dichroic dye.

[0211] For example, if the thickness of device 9 is 0.4 mm, an intermediate frame layer 34, 0.38 mm thick, is added. This layer is made of PVB, and can be clear, tinted, or even opaque. The edges of device 9 are under the internal masking layer 5.

[0212] For example, the blur in the diffusing state of the roof with device 9 is at least 80%.

[0213] The coated substrate 7', 7 is then in adhesive contact with the additional interlayer 33 and the lower interlayer 32.

[0214] Outside the injection zone, the edge of device 9 is at least 10 mm or 15 mm from the edge of the glazing. The internal masking frame layer 5 (opaque PVB, for example) is of a width adapted accordingly and can extend to be flush with the edge of the glazing.

[0215] The outer glass 1 is clear, in particular a 2.1 mm Planiclear glass with an IR-reflecting coating 18 (silver stacking) on ​​the F2 12 face, the whole having a TL 71.8% (91% without the coating 18).

[0216] Preferably a coating that reflects IR 17 (stacking with ITO for example) is on the F4 side.

[0217] As shown in Figures 7b to 7e, device 9 may include:

[0218] - an upper support 91 (polymer in particular PET or glass) with an upper electroconductive coating 92 (for example ITO) on the second side F2;

[0219] - a lower 9T support (polymer, notably PET or glass) with a lower 92' electroconductive coating (for example, ITO) on the third side F3; and

[0220] - an electroactive layer 93, which is preferably based on liquid crystals for example in a polymer matrix (PDLC in English).

[0221] Preferably, if made of glass, one or both supports 91 and 91' are made of chemically tempered glass. Each of the supports 91 and 91' has a thickness of less than 1000 µm, in particular between 25 µm and 700 µm, preferably less than 300 µm, or even less than 200 µm or 100 µm. The glass thickness of each support is sufficiently thin to provide the device 9 with film-like flexibility when bonding the liquid crystal cell to the glass sheets 1 and 2, especially when the latter are curved. In particular, the glass thickness of each of the supports 91 and 91' is such that each glass support has a minimum radius of curvature of at least 600 mm and can even be as low as 200 mm.

[0222] Preferably, the lower support and the lower electrode extend beyond the upper edge in a first protruding zone and the upper support and the upper electrode extend beyond the lower edge in a second protruding zone opposite the first protruding zone (see Figures 7b and 7c).

[0223] In these first and second salient zones, 90 current supply strips are added to the electrodes for electrical power.

[0224] The electroconductive coatings 92, 92' at the periphery are not covered by the electroactive layer 93 and are positioned along the current-carrying strips 90 for power supply. In particular, the supports 91, 91' extend beyond two opposite sides.

[0225] The device 9 further includes glass spacers 93' in contact with respectively the first and second electroconductive coatings 92 and 92' and the electroactive layer 93.

[0226] The glazed element 700 may further include a barrier element 94, at the periphery of the device 9, separating the electroactive layer from the lamination interlayer, here of barrier elements 31, 32 and 33, on the periphery of the electroactive layer. For example, the barrier element may comprise PET polymer strips bonded or in contact.

[0227] Figures 7b to 7 e represent different cases of barrier element 94.

[0228] In Figure 7b, the barrier element 94 here is external, comprising a pair of coupled polymer barrier films, notably without plasticizers, for example PET films:

[0229] - covering all or part of the first protruding area and even extending onto the upper face Fs and / or extending to the rear face Fb;

[0230] - covering all or part of the second protruding area and extending over the back face and even extending to the top face.

[0231] In particular, it consists of two polymer barrier films: a first film which is a polymer frame (PET), notably with a Z-shaped cross-section (three portions 941, 942, 943), coupled to a second film 944 which is a rectangular cross-section frame.

[0232] In Figure 7c, it is a 94', 94 joint which covers the first and second protruding areas, for example polymer, especially epoxy resin or silicone.

[0233] In Figure 7d, an internal peripheral seal 95, 95' provides the seal for the liquid crystal cell 6, for example, a polymer, particularly made of epoxy resin or silicone. The internal seal 95 is, for example, 5 mm.

[0234] In Figure 7e, the peripheral sealing joint 95, 95' is outside both supports 91 and 9T.

[0235] Of course, we can use all the location and arrangement configurations for the reflective prismatic film already described in the previous figures, in particular one or more reversed reflective prismatic films (with or without coated substrate, under the coated substrate or adjacent).

[0236] Alternatively, device 9 can be replaced by an electrochromic device or a functional tinted PET film or one with an electroconductive coating, particularly for solar control).

[0237] It is noted that, in the glazed element 700 of Figure 7a, the coated substrate 7', 7, the peripheral internal opaque element 5', and the additional interlayer 33 are optional. Thus, in some embodiments, these elements may not be present, as in the glazed element 700' shown in Figure 7f. The electrically controllable devices 9 shown in Figures 7b to 7e are compatible with the glazed element 700' of Figure 7f.

[0238] Device 9 can be a single element (in one block) or a plurality of disjoint elements.

[0239] In some embodiments, the electrically controllable device 9 can be replaced by a photovoltaic device comprising one or more photovoltaic cells.

[0240] As mentioned previously, the ranges of values ​​indicated above for the width of the light redirection element 8 allow for a significant reduction, or even complete elimination, of the appearance of a light halo. However, using a larger light redirection element 8 can lead to double reflections on the light redirection element. To limit this effect, in certain embodiments, an opacifying element 19 (or "masking element" or "absorbing element") can be added on the F4 face 14 side, with a given width opposite the light redirection element 8 (and outside the injection zone). This element 19 extends linearly (for example, rectangular in shape) longitudinally (perpendicular to the propagation axis). It should be noted that the opacifying element 19 may include, over all or part of its width (depending on the propagation direction), an opacifying film (self-supporting), possibly adhesive, or an opacifying coating (directly on the F4 face or on a bonding layer).

[0241] In the following it is assumed that the module 40 extends between an external end and an internal end 43, the internal end 43 being located downstream of the external end in a direction P of light propagation (which is also the transverse direction Y, cf. Figure 1e).

[0242] As shown in Figures 8 to 17, the opacifying element 19 is positioned opposite face F4 14 so as to cover at least a portion, on the side of face F4, extending between the inner edge 80' of the light redirection element 8 and at least the inner end 43 of the optical module 40. This portion has a width denoted Wi. Thus, the opacifying element 19 has a width at least equal to Wi.

[0243] The opacifying element 19 has a light transmission (LT) of less than or equal to 30%, and preferably less than or equal to 10%. In preferred embodiments, the optical density of the opacifying element 19 may be greater than 1, or even greater than 2, or even greater than 3.

[0244] The opacifying element 19 may be a coating (ink, enamel, etc.), particularly a dark-colored one (black or gray, for example), or an opaque film (for example, black or tinted), for example, made of a polymer, particularly polyethylene terephthalate (PET), or a foam having the desired opacifying properties. In some embodiments, the opacifying element 19 may be an absorbent layer comprising a continuous coating in optical contact with the fourth principal face F4 14, and may further comprise a decorative coating in the form of a set of decorative patterns.

[0245] In some embodiments, the opacifying element 19 may be in contact with the external surface of the guiding layer, such as face F4 (Figures 8 to 10 and 12 to 15). Its refractive index is preferably lower than the maximum between the refractive index n gi of the inner sheath layer and the refractive index n g 2 of the possible outer sheath layer. In particular, the refractive index of the opacifying element 19 may be lower than the refractive index n gi of the inner sheath layer. For example, if the inner sheath layer is made of PVB with a refractive index between 1.48 and 1.49, the index of the opacifying element may be less than 1.49, preferably less than 1.485, preferably less than 1.48.

[0246] In embodiments (Figure 11, 12, 13, 16 and 17), the opacifying element 19 can be separated from the face F4 by one or more separating layers (which may optionally be transparent).

[0247] In the embodiments of Figures 8 to 17, the glazed element has a structure similar to the glazed element 200 of Figure 2a. It is understood that the embodiments of Figures 8 to 17 are compatible with the embodiments of Figures 2a, 3 to 6, 7a and 7f.

[0248] In the embodiments of Figures 8 and 9, the glazed elements 800, 900 include an opacifying element 19 of width Wi. Thus, the opacifying element 19 covers only the portion extending from the inner end 43 of the optical module 40 to the inner edge 80' of the light redirection element. Furthermore, in the embodiments of Figures 8 and 9, the opacifying element is positioned on the IR-reflecting coating 17. For example, the opacifying element 19 can be a coating (ink, etc.), particularly one of a dark color (black or gray, for example), or a self-adhesive film applied face F4 14 to the IR-reflecting coating 17.

[0249] In Figures 8 and 9, the outer edge 80' of the light redirection element 8 and the outer end 43 of the optical module 40 are positioned opposite each other. Optionally, the outer end of the light element 43 is offset inward within the glazing (i.e., in the direction of light propagation) relative to the outer edge 80' of the light redirection element 8. For example, this offset can be on the order of a few millimeters, such as between 1 mm and 10 mm, or between 1 mm and 5 mm, or even between 1 mm and 3 mm. In particular, the outer edge 80' of the light redirection element can be positioned opposite the outer end Di of the illuminated portion (see Figure 1c). The glazing element 900 differs from the glazing element 800 in that the reflecting prisms are oriented towards face F2.

[0250] On the glazed element 1000 of Figure 10, the IR reflective coating 17 is absent (removed etc) over a portion extending from the inner end 43 of the optical module 40 to the inner edge 80' of the light redirection element 8, and the opacifying element 19 for example in layer (mono or multilayer), a self-adhesive film or a coating, is positioned on the second glass 2, at the place where the IR reflective coating 17 is absent (or even dissolved by the opacifying element 19).

[0251] On the glazed element 1100 of Figure 11, the opacifying element 19 is fixed to the IR-reflective coating layer 17 by an adhesive element 22. The opacifying element can be, for example, an opaque film (e.g., black), for example, made of a polymer, in particularly in polyethylene terephthalate (PET) with a molecular coloring agent, or an adhesive tape, such as Scotch tape, opaque (e.g. black).

[0252] On the glazed element 1200 of Figure 12, the opacifying element 19 comprises three parts 191, 192 and 193 of respective widths Wi a , Wl and Wib (with one of the two widths Wia or Wib possibly being zero). In these embodiments, the opacifying element 19 extends beyond the area of ​​size Wi extending between the inner end 43 of the optical module 40 and the inner edge 80' of the light redirection element 8. Preferably the width Wi a is chosen so that the free end of portion 191 of the opacifying element 9 is located downstream with respect to the internal end D2 of the illumination portion (see Figure 1c), so as not to reduce the width D of the illumination portion.

[0253] On the glazed element 1300 of Figure 13, a compressible element 23, here a foam element 23 in particular made of opaque material, is arranged upstream of the opacifying element 19 (in layer), between the optical module 40 (downstream of the injection zone, of the illumination portion) and the IR-reflecting coating 17. For example, the foam element 23 can be pressed against the face F4, and in contact with the optical module 40. Preferably the foam element 23 is such that its external end (i.e. the upstream end, in the direction of light propagation) is located downstream with respect to the internal end D2 of the illumination portion (see Figure 1c), so as not to reduce the width D of the illumination portion.

[0254] The compressible element 23, particularly one made of opaque material, can advantageously be held by compression between the optical module 40 and the face F4 using compression-based retaining means. The compressible element 23 can be made of an elastic material, for example, an elastomer, particularly a thermoplastic elastomer, or a foam. The compressible element 23 is attached to the optical module by any known means, for example, using a suitable adhesive.

[0255] It is understood that the compression element 23 is compatible with all embodiments of the present invention.

[0256] On the glazed element 1400 of Figure 14, the opacifying element 19 comprises three parts 191, 192 and 193 of respective widths Wi a , Wl and b (with Wib possibly zero), and the foam element 23 in particular in opaque material covers part 191 of the opacifying element 19.

[0257] On the glazed element 1500 of Figure 15, the foam element (or at least part of the foam element) is made of opaque material and sufficiently extended to form the opacifying element 19. It stops or possibly extends beyond the inner edge 80 of the light redirection element 8.

[0258] In Figures 8 to 15, the opacifying element 19 is in contact with the fourth face F4 14 or bonded to the fourth face F4 14 by an adhesive bonding layer. In the presence of the IR-reflective coating 17, the refractive index nH of the absorbing layer and / or the adhesive layer can be arbitrary. In the absence of an IR-reflective coating 17, the refractive index nH of the absorbing layer and / or the adhesive layer is preferably less than or equal to n G M-

[0259] On the glazed element 1600 of Figure 16, the foam element 23 is pressed against face F4, between face F4 and optical module 40, preferably so as not to extend into the injection zone, and therefore offset from the light source (from the inner edge of width D). The opacifying element 19 comprises an opaque plate positioned below the optical module 40 and extending laterally downstream in the propagation direction. Alternatively, the opacifying element 19 is positioned between optical module 40 and face F4 and extends laterally downstream in the propagation direction. It may stop at, or extend beyond, the inner edge 80 of the light redirection element 8.

[0260] On the glazed element 1700 of Figure 17, the foam element 23 is arranged as shown in Figure 17, and the opacifying element 19 is fixed to the optical module 40, so as to extend the optical module 40 at least over the distance Wi defined previously. Alternatively, the opacifying element is a part of the optical module 40 (sufficiently extended, opaque).

[0261] Thus, it is understood that the opacifying element 19 can be, according to the embodiments: affixed to the face F4 14 of the glazing (directly or indirectly), integral (or part) of the optical module 40. It can be integral (or part) of the vehicle.

[0262] For an infrared-reflecting layer located on face F4, ITO stackings can be cited as those described in patent LIS2015 / 0146286, on face F4, particularly in examples 1 to 3.

[0263] We also know of an infrared-reflective coating in patent application WO2018 / 206236 and in particular:

[0264] - a dielectric coating comprising dielectric layers such as silicon nitride and / or silicon oxide layers,

[0265] - a functional layer based on a transparent conductive oxide (TCO) such as an indium tin oxide (ITO) layer,

[0266] - a dielectric coating comprising dielectric layers such as silicon nitride and silicon oxide layers.

[0267] The following examples illustrate stacking arrangements for internal infrared-reflecting electroconductive coatings on a substrate (or support, preferably the first sheet on the F2 face) with one, two, or three layers of silver, and with dielectric coatings:

[0268] Example 1 (a layer of Agi silver):

[0269] Example 2 (a layer of Agi silver):

[0270] Example 3 (two layers of silver Agi and Ag2):

[0271] Example 4 (two layers of silver Agi and Ag2):

[0272] Example 5 (three layers of silver Agi, Ag2 and Ag3):

[0273] Example 6 (three layers of silver Agi, Ag2 and Ag3):

[0274] Of course, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above by way of example. It extends to other variants.

Claims

43 DEMANDS

1. Illuminatable glazed element of a vehicle, in particular a road vehicle, comprising laminated glazing (100), the laminated glazing (100) comprising: - a first sheet (1), transparent, made of mineral glass, having a first main face F1 (11), a second main face F2 opposite (12) to the first main face F1, the first sheet (1) being intended to form an outer glass; - a second sheet (2), transparent, made of mineral glass or polymer, having a third main face F3 (13), a fourth main face F4 (14) opposite the third main face F3 (13); - between the second main face F2 (12) and the third main face F3 (13), an interlayer (3, 31, 32, 33, 34) of polymer lamination; and - a light redirection element (8) reflector on the third main face F3 (13), the light redirection element (8) being a prismatic reflector element comprising reflecting prisms, in particular capable of redirecting light from a light source (4) positioned on the fourth main face F4 (14); the laminated glazing (100) comprising a light guide extending opposite the second main face F2 (12), the light guide comprising a guide layer comprising at least the second sheet (2), the guide layer comprising an inner surface and an opposite outer surface, the outer surface being on the fourth main face F4 (14), the guide layer being capable of guiding at least a portion of the redirected light rays along a principal direction of propagation;in which the light redirection element (8) has a characteristic width, ranging from 0.9L to 3L, where L corresponds to a bounce length of a light ray guided in the light guide, i.e. a length between two successive points of incidence of a light ray guided on a surface, between the inner surface and the outer surface of the guiding layer, the two successive points of incidence being located downstream of the light redirection element (8) with respect to the main direction of propagation.;

2. A glazed element according to claim 1, wherein the second sheet has a refractive index m of at least 1.5, wherein the guiding layer has a minimum refractive index n cm in, wherein the light guide comprises an inner sheath layer (32, 5) between the second principal face F2 (12) and the third principal face F3 (13), the inner sheath layer (32, 5) having a refractive index ngi strictly less than n cm in, the guide layer being in contact with the inner sheath layer, in which the guide of 44 light may include an outer sheath layer (17) opposite the inner sheath layer, on the fourth principal face side F4 (14), and having a refractive index n g 2 strictly less than n cm in, where the rebound length L is equal to: L = 2xE1 xtan(0Rï) with: 0RT = arcsin(n gM / ncmin) where: E1 is a thickness of the guiding layer downstream of the light redirection element (8) with respect to the main direction of propagation; n g M corresponds to a maximum between n gi and n g 2 when the light guide includes an outer sheath layer, and corresponds to n gi when the light guide does not include an outer sheath layer.

3. Glazed element according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the characteristic width of the light redirection element (8) corresponds to a total width W of the light redirection element (8).

4. Glazed element according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the light redirection element extends between an outer edge (80) and an inner edge (80'), the inner edge (80') being located downstream of the outer edge (80) in the principal direction of light propagation, wherein the laminated glazing comprises, in the fourth principal face F4 (14), an illumination portion, the illumination portion extending between an outer end and an inner end, the inner end being located downstream of the outer end in the principal direction of light propagation, wherein the characteristic width of the light redirection element (8) corresponds to a width Wp of a portion of the light redirection element,the portion of the light redirection element being delimited by a first end located opposite the outer end of the illumination portion and a second end corresponding to the inner edge (80') of the light redirection element (8).

5. A glazed element according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the characteristic width is greater than L or 1.25L, and preferably less than or equal to 2L

6. Glazed element according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the laminated glazing comprises, in fourth principal face F4 (14), an illumination portion of width D, wherein the characteristic width is less than or equal to L+D. 45

7. Glazed element according to any one of the preceding claims, the prismatic reflector element (8) is a prismatic reflector film, which takes one or the other of these configurations: a so-called superior configuration in which the prisms are oriented towards the second principal face F2 (12), the prisms each having a refractive index of at least 1.5 and at most 1.54, the prisms being formed preferably by a textured layer;and in that preferably an inclined face of the prism being redirecting, forming an angle of 35° to 50° with a smooth face of the prismatic reflecting film, in particular the redirecting face is the inclined face furthest upstream with respect to the propagation of the redirected light, a so-called lower configuration in which the prisms are oriented towards the third principal face F3 (13), the reflective coating being in optical contact with the upper surface of the guide layer by means of a transparent adhesive (84), in particular local, having a refractive index preferably of at least 1.5 and at most 1.54, and in that preferably an inclined face of the prism being redirecting, forming an angle of 35° to 50° with a smooth face of the prismatic reflecting film, in particular the redirecting face is the inclined face furthest downstream with respect to the propagation of the redirected light.;

8. A glazed element according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the light redirection element extends between an outer edge (80) and an inner edge (80'), the inner edge (80') being located downstream of the outer edge (80) in the principal direction of light propagation, the glazed element further comprising an absorbing element (19), opposite the light redirection element (8) and on the fourth principal face F4 (14), the absorbing element (19) extending over a portion comprising a principal portion delimited by a first edge and a second edge downstream of the first edge in the direction of propagation, the second edge being located opposite the inner edge (80') of the light redirection element and in particular the first edge being located opposite an inner end of an optical module carrying the light source (4) or facing said optical module.

9. A glazed element according to the preceding claim, wherein the absorbing element (19) comprises at least one of the following elements in the main part: - an absorbing layer in optical contact with the fourth principal face F4, in particular all or part offset from an optical module carrying the light source, in particular the first edge being located opposite an internal end of an optical module (40) carrying the light source (4) in the direction of propagation - an absorbent compressive element or an absorbent adhesive layer, sandwiched between an optical module carrying the light source and the fourth face F4 - an absorbing element spaced from the fourth main face, in particular part of or integral with an optical module carrying the light source.

10. A glazed element according to claim 8 or 9, wherein the portion over which the absorbing element (19) extends further comprises an external portion, the main portion being downstream of the external portion in the principal direction of propagation, the external portion preferably having a length Wi a of at most 2 mm and / or the portion over which the absorbing element extends includes an internal portion, facing a light source carrier module, adjacent and upstream of the main portion or forming part of the main portion, the internal portion preferably having a width Wlb of at most 5 mm in particular when the absorbing element is an absorbing layer in optical contact with the fourth face F4.

11. Glazed element according to any one of claims 8 to 10, wherein the absorbing element (19) comprises an absorbing layer in contact with the fourth main face F4 or linked to the fourth main face F4 by an adhesive layer (22).

12. Glazed element according to any one of claims 8 to 10, wherein the glazed element further comprises, on the fourth principal face F4 (14), an external coating, reflecting infrared (17), in particular forming a low emissivity layer, the absorbing element (19) is an absorbing layer in contact with the external coating (17) or an absorbing layer bonded to the external coating (17) by an adhesive layer (22).

13. Glazed element according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising the light source in particular an array of light-emitting diodes, preferably having a divergence of no more than 8°, positioned on the fourth main face F4 (14) and preferably the laminated glazing comprises at least one means for extracting guided light in the guidance layer, preferably on the inner surface side of the guidance layer, in particular in the form of a diffusing coating.

14. A glazed element according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the polymer laminate interlayer (3, 31, 32, 33, 34) comprises a lower interlayer layer (32), in adhesive contact with the third main face F3 or with a functional transparent coating on the main face F3, wherein the light guide comprises an inner sheath layer between the second main face F2 (12) and the third main face F3 (13), the guide layer being in contact with the inner sheath layer, wherein the guide layer comprises the second foil (2), wherein the inner sheath layer comprises the lower interlayer layer (32).

15. Glazed element according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the polymer laminate interlayer (3, 31, 32, 33, 34) comprises a lower interlayer (32) in adhesive contact with the third principal face F3 or with a functional transparent coating on the third principal face F3, wherein the polymer laminate interlayer (3, 31, 32, 33, 34) comprises an upper interlayer in adhesive contact with the second principal face F2 or with a functional transparent coating on the second principal face F2, wherein the guiding layer comprises the second sheet (2) and the lower interlayer (32), wherein the laminated glazing further comprises: - an optical insulating layer (7), transparent, for example of submillimeter thickness Ei and of at least 400 nm, extending opposite the second principal face F2 (12), having a refractive index ni; wherein the second sheet has a refractive index m; wherein the laminated glazing comprises a coated substrate, between the upper interlayer and the lower interlayer, comprising: - a transparent film (7'), made of a material, preferably polymer, distinct from a fluoropolymer, with a main front face Fa (7T) oriented towards the face F2 and an opposite main rear face Fb (72'), of submillimeter thickness Ef; - the optical insulating layer which is an optical insulating coating (7), on one of the main front faces Fa (71') or rear faces Fb (72'), called coated face, and an edge (70).

16. A glazed element according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the polymer laminate interlayer (3, 31, 32, 33, 34) comprises a lower interlayer (32) in adhesive contact with the third principal face F3 or with a functional transparent coating on the third principal face F3 and an upper interlayer (31) in adhesive contact with the second principal face F2 (12) or with a functional transparent coating on the second principal face F2 (12), wherein the laminated glazing further comprises, between the upper interlayer (31) and the lower interlayer (32), an electro-controllable device (9), in particular a diffusing and / or tint-variable device, in particular PDLC, DDPDLC, GH comprising an electroactive layer between a front electroconductive support on the second principal face F2 and a rear electroconductive support on the third principal face F3, or a photovoltaic device,preferably an electrically controlled or photovoltaic device in optical contact with the upper interlayer (31) and the lower interlayer (32).

17. A glazed element according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the laminated glazing comprises at least one of the following functional elements: - an internal peripheral masking layer (5), opaque, in contact with the second main face F2 (12); - an internal peripheral opaque element (5') between the second main face F2 (12) and the light redirection element (8), forming internal masking of the light source (4) and / or the light redirection element (8); - an external coating (17), reflecting infrared, such as a transparent conductive oxide layer stack, on the fourth face F4 of the second sheet (2); - an internal coating (18), reflecting infrared, such as a stack of one or more silver layers, on the second main face F2 on the first sheet (1), or on an additional polymer film or on a main face of an upper electrode support, of an electro-controllable device, in particular with diffusion and / or variable shade, main face oriented towards the second main face F2 (12)

18. Vehicle, in particular road vehicle, comprising a glazed element according to one of the preceding claims.

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