Modular house section having a rail system

Abstract

The invention relates to a modular house section (1) having a first modular component (2) and a second modular component (3), the modular house section (1) comprising a first rail (8) and a second rail (9) which can be placed substantially congruently one on top of the other, wherein the first rail (8) has in each case a longitudinal groove (11) or a longitudinal ridge (12) and the second rail (9) has at least an equal number of inversely corresponding longitudinal ridges (12) and longitudinal grooves (11), and wherein the longitudinal ridges (12) and longitudinal grooves (11) each run in the longitudinal direction (L) and, when the modular components (2, 3) are in the assembled state, the one or more longitudinal ridges (12) of one of the rails (8, 9) engage in the opposite longitudinal grooves (11) of the other rail (8, 9) in order to establish a form-locking connection of the first rail (8) and the second rail (9) in the width direction (B) of the rails (8, 9).

Description

[0001] Modular building section with a rail system

[0002] The present invention relates generally to the field of modular housing, and in particular to techniques for connecting and arranging at least two modular components for the construction of modular housing sections for modular housing.

[0003] Modular homes, also known as modular construction homes, are an innovative and flexible building method that has gained popularity in recent years. This method is based on the use of prefabricated modules, which are manufactured in a factory environment and then transported to the final building site. Modular homes typically consist of several modules, each of which can form different parts of the building, such as floor slabs, walls, ceilings, and roofs. These modules are then assembled on-site to create the finished building.

[0004] The modules themselves often consist of a sturdy steel frame clad with various materials such as concrete, wood, or composites. The connections between the modules can vary depending on the structural requirements, employing bolted joints, welds, and specialized connectors. This modular construction allows for a high degree of flexibility and adaptability, making it particularly attractive for diverse applications, from residential buildings and office buildings to temporary accommodation and emergency shelters.

[0005] A modular house is known from CN 108824648 A, consisting of two modular components. In this known modular house, one component forms the floor and two walls, while the other forms the roof. The design allows several of these modular houses to be placed side by side to create a modular house of any desired length. Both modular components are characterized by a steel frame and concrete formwork. A screw connection is used to fix the roof to the walls.

[0006] This well-known system, however, has several disadvantages. A significant drawback is that the walls and floor of the modular component are detachably connected. This means that the modular component must be assembled on-site. This requirement for on-site assembly presents considerable problems, especially since detachable connections often use bolted joints, leading to localized force transmission if the bolts are tightened with different torques. Regardless of the specific type of detachable connection chosen, the size and weight of the modular components inevitably result in connections with varying forces acting across their width, leading to asymmetrical force distribution from the walls to the floor.

[0007] Another disadvantage of CN 108824648 A is the use of a screw connection to attach the roof to the walls. Specifically, this document proposes connecting a steel frame of the walls to a steel frame of the roof at specific points using screw connections. This type of connection is particularly prone to failure, resulting in an uneven connection and consequently an asymmetrical distribution of forces from the roof to the walls.

[0008] In summary, both of the aforementioned disadvantages lead to an uneven load distribution and increase the risk of structural weaknesses and potential damage.

[0009] Therefore, an objective of the present invention is to provide a modular building or sections thereof that have improved statics in order to at least partially overcome the aforementioned disadvantages of the prior art.

[0010] This objective is achieved by a modular building section comprising a first module component and a second module component, wherein the first module component has a wall section with a narrow side designed for connection with the second module component, the narrow side defining a longitudinal and a lateral direction, wherein the modular building section comprises a first rail and a second rail which can be placed on top of each other in a substantially congruent manner, wherein the modular building section further comprises means designed to create a positive-locking connection between the first rail and the second rail in the longitudinal direction of the rails, wherein the means comprise a centering recess in one or both of the rails and a centering element. Preferably, these centering recesses also create a positive-locking connection between the first rail and the second rail in the lateral direction of the rails.

[0011] According to the invention, means for creating a positive-locking connection in the longitudinal direction are used, comprising a centering recess in one or both of the rails and a centering element. The centering elements are designed to bring the rails into a congruent position during the placement of the second module component onto the first module component. This has the effect of guiding the second module component when the upper module component is placed, even before the rails touch. Thus, despite the enormous weight of the module components, the rails can be precisely aligned, resulting in a particularly advantageous assembly. The centering elements prevent the rails from being misaligned, thereby enabling new assembly possibilities.In particular, it can be provided that the rails essentially lie flat against each other and do not need to be connected at specific points via a steel frame. It should be emphasized here that the centering elements are generally not load-bearing components and are only used for pre-orienting the rails.

[0012] Consequently, the rail system offers a significant advantage, particularly for timber construction, due to the precise alignment of the rails, as the necessary components do not need to be made of metal and a connection does not require a steel frame. All essential components, such as the rails or any existing crossbars, and preferably also the centering elements, can be made of wood, meaning that only wooden components of the two modular buildings come into contact.

[0013] In a particularly advantageous embodiment, the centering element has a shape that tapers from the narrow side. This allows the second module component to be positioned offset from the first module component before contacting the rails, and the tapered shape of the centering element ensures a precise alignment of the second module component with the first module component.

[0014] Preferably, the centering element can have a spherical shape. For example, each of the two rails can have a centering recess in the form of a hemisphere, and the sphere is inserted into the centering recess of the first module component. The second module component is then placed onto the first, with the sphere acting as an aligning guide for the centering recess of the second module component.

[0015] Furthermore, the centering element can have a pyramidal or conical shape. Preferably, the base of the pyramidal or conical shape is attached to the rail of the first or second module component, e.g., by screwing it on. The centering recess has a shape opposite to the pyramidal or conical shape, so that the centering element in turn forms an aligning guide for the centering recess.

[0016] Furthermore, the centering element and the centering recess can form a coupling, preferably a ball-head coupling. This allows for even more secure centering. The coupling can be designed so that it can only be opened by actuating a lever, which is accessible, for example, on the outside or inside of the wall.

[0017] If only one centering element is provided, it could form a pivot point. Therefore, it is preferred that at least two centering elements with opposing centering recesses are provided between the rails. This achieves particularly precise alignment of the module components. Most preferably, the first module component and the second module component each have exactly two or exactly three narrow sides where the two module components are to be connected to each other via congruent rails, and at least two centering elements with opposing centering recesses are provided between two rails.

[0018] In a particularly preferred embodiment, the first rail can have at least one longitudinal crack or longitudinal web, and the second rail can have at least the same number (as the other rail) of opposing longitudinal webs and longitudinal cracks, wherein the longitudinal webs and longitudinal cracks each extend in the longitudinal direction, and the longitudinal web(s) of one of the rails, in the assembled state of the modular components, engage in the opposing longitudinal cracks of the other rail to create a positive-locking connection between the first rail and the second rail in the lateral direction of the rails.

[0019] A particular advantage of this rail system with longitudinal cracks is its reversible design, allowing the upper module component to be easily removed without having to break any irreversible connection. The rail system is therefore completely reversible. This means residue-free, non-destructive dismantling and reusability, allowing the module components to be transported to another location after use and reassembled there.

[0020] Furthermore, it should be emphasized that the rail system enables horizontal and vertical component separation, thus allowing for theoretically limitless expansion. This subsequently leads to new building types, geometries, and forms that have not previously existed in the world of modular construction. The essential difference between horizontal and vertical arrangement of the rail system lies in the load transfer. At the horizontal interface, all loads must be transferred from the upper module component to the lower one. In contrast, no static forces are transferred at the vertical interface. The rail system thus allows the standardized module components to be disassembled, making them transportable on virtually any road. The building can therefore be considered completely independently of the building site.

[0021] Regarding the centering element, the centering recess can be designed to have a greater depth than the aforementioned longitudinal cracks and to preferentially penetrate the rail. This ensures precise alignment of the rails even before each longitudinal web is inserted into the corresponding longitudinal cracks.

[0022] To implement the modular building section, the modular components preferably each include a beam, which is dimensioned to absorb the forces that occur. The rail system in this "beam construction" can preferably be implemented in a first variant or in a second variant.

[0023] In the first variant, the rails are essentially flat, and the rails are formed by slats of the same width (i.e., the slats have the same width, and preferably the width of the slats corresponds to the width of the rails). These slats encompass the longitudinal web(s) and longitudinal cracks, and each slat is mounted on a rail, preferably screwed on. This variant has the advantage that the rails do not require separate processing, as longitudinal cracks do not need to be incorporated into them. This can significantly simplify the assembly of the modular components, as these can be prefabricated, and the rail system can then be mounted onto the modular components. Furthermore, these slats can also be retrofitted onto existing modular components with flat rails.

[0024] In the second variant, the first rail is formed by at least one longitudinal crack being formed, preferably milled, into one of the bars, and the second rail is formed by at least one strip, whose shape essentially corresponds to the longitudinal crack, being mounted, preferably screwed, onto the other bar as a longitudinal web. This has the advantage that direct contact between the bars and thus force transmission from one bar to the other is enabled, since the bars make direct contact outside the longitudinal web. It is understood that not only one such strip can be provided, but also several, spaced apart laterally. The strips can be mounted on one or both bars, with the opposing bar having identical longitudinal cracks.

[0025] Furthermore, the rail system preferably includes means designed to create a positive-locking connection between the first and second rails in the longitudinal direction of the rails. This prevents the modular components from being displaced along the longitudinal direction of the rails, thus further simplifying the assembly of the modular building section. In addition, these means prevent the modular components from slipping after assembly, without the need for any further measures.

[0026] In the simplest case, one of the rails can have exactly one longitudinal crack and no longitudinal web, and the other rail can have exactly one longitudinal web and no longitudinal cracks. In preferred embodiments, however, both rails have at least one longitudinal crack and at least one longitudinal web. More preferably, both rails can have at least two longitudinal webs or longitudinal cracks, or at least one longitudinal web and at least one longitudinal crack. These solutions allow for the provision of particularly slip-resistant modular components.

[0027] The centering elements and centering recesses (which can also be called locking elements or locking components) can preferably be shorter than the rails, viewed in the longitudinal direction of the rails. Such centering elements can easily be mounted onto existing rails or bolts, for example by screwing them on. The centering recesses can also be easily manufactured by drilling or chiseling a corresponding recess into the rail or bolt.

[0028] In a further preferred embodiment, the rail system comprises at least one elongated sealing element. In the invention described herein, two types of sealing elements have proven particularly advantageous, which can be used individually or in combination. In the first variant, the sealing element can be inserted into a groove, i.e., it has essentially the same length as the longitudinal cracks, which in turn preferably have the same length as the rail or the wall element. In the second variant, the sealing element is designed as an adhesive tape, which can be applied to a joint formed between the first and second module components. Here, the sealing element is preferably as long as the entire wall element.

[0029] As previously explained, the rails are designed to form at least a positive-locking connection in the lateral direction, and optionally also a positive-locking connection in the longitudinal direction. This is already achieved by the self-weight of the upper module component. However, to offer even greater protection, for example, when wind forces act on the modular building section, a positive-locking connection in the direction normal to the main extension plane of the narrow sides can also be provided, which can be implemented by means of securing devices. The securing devices can preferably include an anti-lift device that can be inserted into lateral anti-lift recesses in the rails after the rails have been aligned. The anti-lift device can be implemented by a Pietz connector, which comprises a threaded rod and two anchor elements located on it, which are anchored in the anti-lift recesses.

[0030] In another aspect, the invention relates to a method for manufacturing a modular building section, comprising the steps:

[0031] - Positioning the first module component,

[0032] Lifting the second module component using lifting equipment, in particular lifting equipment of a crane,

[0033] Inserting the centering elements into the centering recesses, placing the rail of the second module component onto the rail of the first module component.

[0034] It is evident that the centering element is inserted into the centering recess, thus aligning the rails before they touch, resulting in a particularly advantageous assembly.

[0035] To better understand the present invention, the accompanying figures are described in more detail below. These figures illustrate exemplary embodiments of the modular building section according to the invention and show the essential features and components that contribute to achieving the desired advantages. The following figures are intended to supplement the description of the invention and facilitate understanding of the technical details and the functionality.

[0036] Figure 1 shows a modular building section with a first modular component and a second modular component. Figure 2 shows a modular building with several modular building sections according to the invention.

[0037] Figure 3 shows a first embodiment of the rail system according to the invention. Figure 4 shows a detailed view of the rails from Figure 3.

[0038] Figure 5 shows the rail system of Figure 3 in an assembled state.

[0039] Figure 6 shows a variant of the rail system according to the invention at a vertical interface.

[0040] Figure 7 shows a second embodiment of the rail system according to the invention.

[0041] Figure 8a shows a variant of a longitudinal web with broad webs.

[0042] Figure 8b shows the use of the longitudinal web from Figure 8a.

[0043] Figure 9a shows a variant of a longitudinal rib with wide grooves.

[0044] Figure 9b shows the use of the longitudinal web from Figure 9a.

[0045] Figure 10a shows a variant with several longitudinal ribs that form wide grooves in their gaps.

[0046] Figure 10b shows the use of the longitudinal web from Figure 10a.

[0047] Figure 1 shows a modular house section 1 with a first modular component 2 and a second modular component 3. It is clearly visible that the first modular component 2 has two opposing wall sections 4, each with a narrow side 5. In the example shown, the narrow side 5 has a length corresponding to the length of the wall section and a width corresponding to the thickness of the wall section 4. Thus, the narrow side 5 defines a longitudinal direction L and a transverse direction B, with the longitudinal direction L running parallel to the longer edge of the narrow side 5 and the transverse direction B running parallel to the shorter edge of the narrow side 5. In the version shown in Figure 1, the narrow side 5 runs horizontally, although this is not mandatory. Figure 6, for example, shows that the narrow side 5 could also be oriented vertically.

[0048] Figure 1 further shows that the second module component 3 also has a narrow side 5, and that the two narrow sides 5 are placed congruently on top of each other to achieve the state shown in Figure 2. In general, however, the second module component 3 could also be a flat plate that is placed on the narrow sides 5 of the first module component 2.

[0049] To construct a modular house section 1, the first module 2 is first erected at the assembly site (e.g., by lifting it using lifting tools 20 of a lifting device such as a crane). Then, the second module 3 is lifted, usually again using lifting tools 20, and placed on top of the first module 2. To construct a modular house 100 with several modular house sections 1 as shown in Figure 2, all the first module sections 2 can be erected first, followed by the second module sections 3, or alternatively, the modular house sections 1 can be erected sequentially, i.e., first a first module 1 is erected, then a second module 1 is placed on top of it, then the next first module 1 is erected, and the next second module 1 is placed on top of it.

[0050] While the second module 3 in Figure 1 has sloping roof surfaces, it could also have vertical wall sections whose narrow sides are placed on the narrow sides 5 of the wall sections 4 of the first module 2. The second module 3 does not necessarily have to be designed as a roof, but could also be designed as an intermediate floor onto which another module is placed.

[0051] The modular building section 1 can be designed such that it has an open end face S on at least one side, to which another modular building section 1 can be attached to create a modular building 5 with two or more modular building sections 1. Such a modular building 5 is shown in Figure 2. However, the present invention is not limited to this and could also be used with other types of modular building sections 1. The modular building section 1 could have exactly one open end face S or, as shown, two opposing open end faces, resulting in the opposing wall sections 4.

[0052] Figure 3 shows a first embodiment of a rail system provided between the narrow side 5 of the first module component 2 and the second module component 3, specifically the narrow side of the second module component 3, to achieve a positive-locking connection between the two module components 2, 3, which prevents displacement of the two module components 2, 3 in the lateral direction B and preferably also in the longitudinal direction L. Preferably, exactly two rail systems are provided between the first module component 2 and the second module component 3, one each on one of two opposing wall sections 4 as in Figure 1. However, three or four rail systems could also be used between the two module components 2, 3, see, for example, Figure 6.

[0053] In the modular house section 1 shown in Figure 3, both the first module 2 and the second module 3 have a beam 6, 7, which is solid, e.g., with a thickness of at least 4 cm, at least 6 cm, or at least 10 cm, to allow force transmission from the upper module 3 to the lower module 2. The beams 6, 7 are components of the wall sections 4, if present, and can be connected to the rest of the wall sections 4, or more generally to the rest of the module components 2, 3, by means of screws 10. However, the beams 6, 7 are not mandatory, e.g., if other wall constructions are used or if one of the module components 2, 3 is a flat panel.

[0054] The rail system of Figure 3 further comprises two rails 8, 9, which are designed as slats and can be screwed onto the beams 6, 7 or onto other elements of the modular components 2, 3 by means of screws 10. The rails 8, 9 have essentially the same width as the beams 6, 7, so that the rails 8, 9 can be screwed onto the beams 6, 7 essentially flush. Other connections could also be used instead of screws 9. However, the slats have a thinner profile than the beams 6, 7, for example, between 0.5 cm and 4 cm. Figure 3 shows that the beams 6, 7 are not strictly necessary, for example, if the slats are connected directly to the vertical supports.

[0055] In the depicted modular building section 1, centering elements 13 are used in particular to enable the rapid alignment of the module components 2 and 3. Returning to Figure 1, it is evident that the second module component 3 must be lifted and placed precisely onto the first module component 2. Due to the weight of the second module component 3, precise orientation of the narrow sides 5 is difficult, especially since rotating and turning the second module component 3 while it is suspended on the lifting devices 20 is extremely laborious and very inaccurate. For this reason, the centering elements 13 are provided, which allow for the pre-orientation of the two module components 2 and 3 before their narrow sides 5 touch.In particular, at least one of the module components 2, 3 can have a projecting centering element 13, a pyramid in Figure 1, and the other module component 2, 3 has a centering recess 14 at the corresponding opposite location, in which the centering element 13 can be received. The centering element 13 is generally shorter than the rail 8, 9 in both the longitudinal and broad directions, so that the centering element also forms a means for creating a positive-locking connection between the first rail 8 and the second rail 9 in the longitudinal direction L of the rails 8, 9. The centering element 13 can, in particular, have a shape that tapers away from the narrow side 5, as is the case, for example, with a pyramid or cone shape whose base is located at the narrow side 5.

[0056] The centering element 13 can also be designed as a coupling, wherein the centering element 13 is, for example, a ball and the centering recess is a ball socket. Preferably, the coupling can only be opened by a lever accessible laterally on one of the module components 2, 3.

[0057] Figure 4 shows in detail that the rails 8, 9 can optionally have several longitudinal grooves 11 and longitudinal webs 12, which are arranged in opposite directions, so that the longitudinal webs 12 of one of the rails 8, 9 engage in the opposite longitudinal grooves 11 of the other rail 8, 9. On the one hand, this ensures that the two rails 8, 9 can be laid flat on top of each other, which is particularly evident from Figure 5, and on the other hand, it allows a positive-locking connection between the first rail 8 and the second rail 9 in the lateral direction B of the rails 8, 9 to be established.

[0058] Specifically, in the example shown in Figures 3 and 4, the lower rail 8, belonging to the first module component 2, has four longitudinal grooves 11 and two longitudinal webs 12. Conversely, the second module component 3 has two longitudinal grooves 11 and four longitudinal webs 12. In general, any configuration can be used; for example, each of the rails 8, 9 can have at least one longitudinal groove 11 and at least one longitudinal web 12, or one of the rails 8, 9 can have only longitudinal grooves 11 and the other of the rails 8, 9 only longitudinal webs 12. The longitudinal grooves 11 and longitudinal webs 12 typically extend in the longitudinal direction L, i.e., they are longer in the longitudinal direction L than in the lateral direction B. Usually, the longitudinal grooves 11 and longitudinal webs 12 are the same length as the rails 8, 9.In special cases such as those shown in Figures 10a and 10b, the longitudinal grooves 11 and longitudinal webs 12 can also be shorter than the rails 8, 9 and, for example, be the same length in the longitudinal direction L and the transverse direction B.

[0059] The depth of the longitudinal grooves 11 and the height of the longitudinal webs 12 can, in principle, be freely selected. In the present embodiment, the depth of the longitudinal grooves 11 is generally less than half the thickness of the respective rail 8, 9. There are no limits regarding the width of the longitudinal grooves 11 and longitudinal webs 12. For example, they can be designed to have a width of less than one-tenth of the width of the respective rail 8, 9. The longitudinal grooves 11 and longitudinal webs 12 prevent the rails 8, 9 from being displaced in the lateral direction B, as the weight of the second module component 3 prevents such movement. The longitudinal grooves 11 and the longitudinal webs 12 can thus be considered means that establish a positive-locking connection in the lateral direction B of the rails 8, 9.

[0060] To prevent displacement in the longitudinal direction L, the modular building section 1 can, as already explained, include means designed to create a positive-locking connection between the first rail 8 and the second rail 9 in the longitudinal direction L of the rails 8, 9. In the variant shown in Figure 3, this is achieved by centering elements 13 and centering recesses 14, which are shorter than the rails 8, 9 when viewed in the longitudinal direction L. In Figure 3, the centering elements 13 are formed by spheres, although this is not mandatory. Other shapes, such as truncated pyramids, can also be used instead of spheres. Figure 3 shows that there are more centering recesses 14 than centering elements 13, but this is optional, and usually the same number of centering recesses 14 as centering elements 13 are provided.

[0061] Figure 3 shows that the rails 8, 9 each have centering recesses 14 into which the centering element 13 can be inserted. In other words, the centering element 13 can be provided loosely and not be connected to the rails 8, 9 by other means such as screws (although this would also be possible). In practice, the first module component 2 and the rail 8, 9 located on it are first provided, then the centering element 13 is inserted into the centering recesses 14. The second module component 3 is then lifted and placed onto the first module component 2, whereby the centering recess 14 of the upper rail 9 engages the centering element 13 and positions it correctly. At the same time, the optional longitudinal grooves 11 and the longitudinal webs 12 are brought together accordingly.

[0062] In general, the centering element 13 inserted into a centering recess 14 could have the same height as the longitudinal webs 12. However, it is preferred that the centering element 13 inserted into a centering recess 14 be higher than the longitudinal webs 12. This allows the centering element 13 to have a guiding effect, whereby when the second module component 3 is placed onto the first module component 2, the upper centering recess 14 is guided by the centering element 13 first, and only then, after this rough adjustment by the centering element 13, are the longitudinal grooves 11 and the longitudinal webs 12 brought together. It is understood that the same effect occurs if the centering element 13 is connected to the upper rail 9, e.g., screwed onto it, and the centering element 13 is inserted into a centering recess 14 in the lower rail 8.In the case of such a leading centering element 13, it is preferred if it has one or more inclined outer surfaces, as is the case with a sphere or a truncated pyramid. With a cuboid without inclined guide surfaces, however, precise adjustment would have to have already taken place upon initial contact of the centering recess 14 with the centering element, which is difficult due to the weight of the second module component 3.

[0063] As a rule, the centering elements 13 and centering recesses 14 are provided in a central area of ​​the rails 8, 9 where there are no longitudinal cracks 11 and longitudinal webs 12, as shown in Figure 3. However, this is not mandatory, as the centering elements 13 and centering recesses 14 could also be provided at other locations and could also extend through the longitudinal cracks 11 and longitudinal webs 12.

[0064] Figure 3 further shows that elongated sealing elements 15 can be provided which can be inserted into the longitudinal cracks 11. Preferably, one sealing element 15 is provided for each pair consisting of longitudinal cracks 11 and the longitudinal web 12 engaging therein. Alternatively, only one sealing element 15 is inserted into one of the longitudinal cracks 11, or no sealing element is inserted into at least one longitudinal crack 11.

[0065] Typically, the height of the longitudinal webs 12 corresponds essentially to the depth of the longitudinal cracks 11. However, in order to accommodate the sealing elements 15, it could also be provided that the sum of the height of the longitudinal webs 12 and the height of the sealing elements 15 corresponds to the depth of the longitudinal cracks 15.

[0066] To create a positive-locking connection between the rails 8 and 9 in a vertical direction, i.e., in a direction normal to the main extension plane of the rails 8 and 9, anti-lift devices can be used. These devices have two anchor elements connected by a rod, preferably a threaded rod. Such elements are also known as Pietz connectors. To create the positive-locking connection between the rails 8 and 9 in the vertical direction, each bar 6, 7 (or rail 8, 9) has a corresponding anti-lift recess for the anchor elements. A connecting recess runs between these recesses through the bars 6, 7 and the rails 8, 9. After the second module 3 has been placed on top of the first module 2, the anti-lift devices can be inserted into these anti-lift recesses to create the positive-locking connection in the vertical direction.

[0067] Figure 6 shows that the rails 8, 9 can also be arranged such that an interface between the rails 8, 9 lies in a vertical plane (in contrast to the interface in a horizontal plane as in Figures 1 to 5). The same variants can be used here as described for Figures 1 to 5 and as described below for Figures 7 to 10b. Although the centering elements 13, sealing elements 15, and anti-lift devices (even though these cause lateral slippage) are not shown in Figure 6, they can be used in this embodiment of the interface in the vertical plane.

[0068] Figure 7 shows another embodiment of the modular building section 1, in which the rails 8, 9 are formed directly by the crossbars 6, 7. In other words, the two crossbars 6, 7 come into direct contact with each other at least at one point, which is not the case with the rail system of Figure 3. In Figure 7, a longitudinal groove 11 is provided in the lower crossbar 6, which in the illustrated example was produced by a milling process. This longitudinal groove 11 can be deeper than the longitudinal grooves 11 in the embodiment of Figure 3, since the depth is not limited by the thickness of the slats.

[0069] As shown in Figure 7, a strip 17, which essentially has the shape of the longitudinal groove 11 and forms the longitudinal web 12, is screwed onto the upper bolt 6. The strip 17 is mounted on the upper bolt 6 in such a way that it lies in the longitudinal groove 11 when the upper bolt 7 is placed congruently on the lower bolt 6.

[0070] The strip 17 need not be screwed onto the upper rail 6, but could also be connected to the upper rail 6 in another way, e.g., nailed or glued. Alternatively, the strip 17 could be mounted on the lower rail 6, and the longitudinal groove 11 could be provided in the upper rail 7. Furthermore, both rails 6 and 7 could be provided with a recess into which a strip 17 is inserted, the thickness of which corresponds to the sum of the depths of the recesses. The strip 17 could lie loosely within the recesses (so that the strip 17 again forms a longitudinal web 11 of the lower rail 8) or be mounted in one of the recesses, e.g., screwed in place. It is understood that the rails 6 and 7 can also have two or more longitudinal grooves 11 spaced apart in the width direction B and longitudinal webs formed by strips 17.In another variant, the longitudinal groove 11 does not need to be formed by milling or any other machining process on the respective bars 6, 7. Instead, at least two additional strips spaced apart in the laterally B direction could be mounted on the respective bars 6, 7, so that the longitudinal groove 11 is formed between these additional strips. In these embodiments, it should be noted that the bars 6, 7 will generally not be in direct contact with each other, as they are separated by the strips.

[0071] To create a positive-locking connection between the first rail 8 and the second rail 9 in the lateral direction B of the rails 8, 9 in the embodiment of Figure 7, essentially the same means can be used as described for the embodiment of Figure 3. For example, centering recesses 14 could be provided in the lower bar 6 to the left and right of the longitudinal groove 11, into which a centering element 13 is inserted. This element, in turn, is inserted into a corresponding centering recess 14 in the upper bar 7 when the upper module component 3 is placed onto the lower module component 2. A similar arrangement could also be provided centrally in the area of ​​the longitudinal groove 11 and the longitudinal web 12.

[0072] Figures 8a to 10b show three preferred variants to create a positive-locking connection in the longitudinal direction L of the rails 8, 9.

[0073] Figure 8a shows that three centering elements 13 are mounted on the strip 17, which is used in Figure 7, or more generally on the longitudinal web 12. Furthermore, additional recessed centering recesses 14 are incorporated into the longitudinal groove 11, see Figure 8b. Viewed along the longitudinal direction L of the rails 8, 9, the centering elements 13 and the centering recesses 14 are the same length and shorter than the rails 8, 9. This ensures that the centering elements 13 are flush with the centering recesses 14 and prevents the module components 2, 3 from sliding relative to each other along the longitudinal direction L. The height of the centering elements 13 can be chosen arbitrarily.

[0074] According to the variant shown in Figures 9a and 9b, the strip 17, or more generally the longitudinal web 12, has three centering recesses 14. In this variant, the centering elements 13 are provided in the longitudinal groove 11, e.g., screwed or nailed into it. However, the number of centering elements 13 and centering recesses 14 can also be chosen differently. According to the variant shown in Figures 10a and 10b, the longitudinal web 12 has a central break. As shown, two or more strips 17 can be used for this purpose, the sum of which has a shorter length than the rails 8, 9. The strips 17 are mounted onto the rails 8, 9 in such a way that there is a gap between them. Figure 10b shows that no longitudinal cracks 12 are provided on the respective other module component 2, 3 in the area of ​​the gap. Here, the bar 6, 7 can be installed flat across the entire width direction B.This results in a positive-locking connection between the strips 17 in both the width direction B and the length direction L.

[0075] It is understood that the variant shown in Figures 10a and 10b can also be used in the variant shown in Figures 3 and 4. It can be generally defined that at least one longitudinal crack 11 and at least one longitudinal web 12 provided for this longitudinal crack 11 have a break, as seen in the longitudinal direction L, and that the longitudinal web 12 lies flush with the longitudinal crack 11 on both sides of the break, as seen in the longitudinal direction L. In other variants, no break is required at all if the longitudinal crack 11 and the longitudinal web 12 are shorter than the rails 8, 9 and are spaced apart from the edges of the respective rails 8, 9 opposite each other in the longitudinal direction L, thereby also achieving a positive-locking connection in the longitudinal direction.

[0076] Furthermore, it is emphasized that all additional and optional aspects of the embodiment of Figure 3 can also be used in the embodiment of Figure 7. For example, a sealing element 15 can also be provided in the variant of Figure 7, which is either inserted into the longitudinal cracks 11 or adhered as adhesive tape to the joint of the module components 2, 3 after the two module components 2, 3 have been placed together. Furthermore, the special centering elements 13 of Figure 3 can also be used in Figure 7, and the centering elements 13 and centering recesses 14 of Figure 7 can be used in Figure 3. The lifting elements can also be used in the variant of Figure 7.

[0077] Returning to Figure 7, it is further evident that the module components 2, 3 can be clad in two ways in the area of ​​the joint. Either first cladding elements 21 can be provided on the module components 2, 3, which are mounted on the side surface of the respective module component 2, 3, but do not extend to the joint. In this case, a second cladding element 22 can be provided between the first cladding elements 21 after the module components 2, 3 have been assembled, so that the second cladding element 22 covers the joint. Alternatively, third cladding elements 23 can extend to the joint, in which case no second cladding element 22 is placed over the joint. Both variants can also be used in Figure 3.If a sealing element is provided as an adhesive strip over the joint, it is either glued directly onto the rails 8, 9, after which the second formwork element 22 covers the adhesive strip, or the adhesive strip is glued onto the joint between the directly contacting third formwork elements 23.

[0078] The variants described above are particularly suitable for constructing modular building sections 1, whose metal content has been reduced as much as possible. In particular, the beams 6, 7, rails 8, 9 and / or strips 17 can be made entirely of wood. The centering elements 13 can also be made of wood.

Claims

Claims 1. Modular building section (1) comprising a first modular component (2) and a second modular component (3), wherein the first modular component (2) has a wall section (4) with a narrow side (5) which is designed for connection with the second modular component (3), wherein the narrow side (5) defines a longitudinal direction (L) and a transverse direction (B), characterized in that the modular building section (1) comprises a first rail (8) and a second rail (9) which can be placed on top of each other in a substantially congruent manner, and wherein the modular building section (1) further comprises means which are designed to create a positive locking connection of the first rail (8) and the second rail (9) in the longitudinal direction (L) of the rails (8), wherein the means comprise a centering recess (14) in one or both of the rails (8, 9) and a centering element (13).

2. Modular building section (1) according to claim 1, wherein the centering element (13) has a shape tapering from the narrow side (5).

3. Modular building section (1) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the centering element (13) has a spherical shape, a pyramidal shape or a conical shape.

4. Modular building section (1) according to one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the centering element (13) and the centering recess (14) form a coupling, preferably a ball head coupling.

5. Modular building section (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein at least two centering elements (13) with opposing centering recesses (14) are provided between the rails (8, 9).

6. Modular building section (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the first rail (8) has or forms at least one longitudinal groove (11) or longitudinal web (12) and the second rail (9) has or forms at least an equal number of opposing longitudinal webs (12) and longitudinal grooves (11), wherein the longitudinal webs (12) and longitudinal grooves (11) each extend in the longitudinal direction (L) and the longitudinal web(s) (12) of one of the rails (8, 9) engage in the opposing longitudinal grooves (11) of the other rail (8, 9) in the assembled state of the modular components (2, 3) to form a to create a positive-locking connection between the first rail (8) and the second rail (9) in the lateral direction (B) of the rails (6, 7).

7. Modular building section (1) according to claim 6, wherein the first and the second modular component (2, 3) each have a flat bar (6, 7) and the rails (8, 9) are formed by slats of the same width which comprise the longitudinal grooves (11) and longitudinal webs (12) and each slat is mounted, preferably screwed, onto a bar (6, 7).

8. Modular building section (1) according to claim 6, wherein the first and the second modular component (2, 3) each have a bar (6, 7), wherein the first rail (8) is formed by having at least one longitudinal groove (11) formed, preferably milled, into one of the bars (6, 7) and the second rail (9) is formed by having at least one strip (17), the shape of which essentially corresponds to the longitudinal groove (11), mounted, preferably screwed, as a longitudinal web (12) on the second bar (7).

9. Modular building section (1) according to one of claims 6 to 8, wherein the centering recess (14) has a greater depth than the longitudinal grooves (11) and preferably penetrates the rail (8, 9).

10. Modular building section (1) according to one of claims 6 to 9, wherein both rails (8, 9) have at least two longitudinal webs (12) or longitudinal grooves spaced apart in the laterally (B) direction. (11) or at least a longitudinal web (12) and at least a longitudinal groove (11) spaced apart from the longitudinal web (12) in the lateral direction (B).

11. Modular building section (1) according to one of claims 6 to 10, wherein one of the rails (8, 9) has exactly one longitudinal groove (11) and the other of the rails (8, 9) has exactly one longitudinal web (12).

12. Modular building section (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the modular building section (2, 3) has an elongated sealing element, wherein the sealing element can be inserted into a longitudinal groove (11); or wherein the sealing element is designed as an adhesive tape which can be applied to a joint formed between the first modular component (2) and the second modular component (3).

13. Modular building section (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the modular building section (1) further comprises means designed to form a to create a positive-locking connection in the direction normal to the main extension plane of the narrow sides (5), wherein the means preferably comprise an anti-lift device which can be inserted into lateral anti-lift recesses in the rails (8, 9) after the rails (8, 9) have been placed congruently on top of each other.

14. Method for manufacturing a modular building section (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 14, comprising the steps: - Positioning the first module component (2), Lifting the second module component using lifting tools (20), in particular lifting tools (20) of a crane, Inserting the centering elements (13) into the centering recesses (14), placing the rail (9) of the second module component (3) onto the rail (8) of the first module component (2).

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