Control circuit for energy storage device and energy storage device

Abstract

Disclosed are a control circuit (100) for an energy storage device (200) and the energy storage device (200). The control circuit (100) for the energy storage device (200) comprises: a switch transistor (102), an analog front end chip (104), a micro-control unit (106), a first AND gate (108), a trigger (110), and a drive circuit (112). The switch transistor (102) is used for connecting a negative output end (PACK-) and a negative electrode of a battery (202); a first input end of the first AND gate (108) is connected to the analog front-end chip (104), and a second input end of the first AND gate (108) is connected to the micro-control unit (106); an input end of the trigger (110) is connected to an output end of the first AND gate (108); and an input end of the drive circuit (112) is connected to an output end of the trigger (110), and an output end of the drive circuit (112) is connected to a control end of the switch transistor (102), so as to drive the switch transistor (102) to be turned on and off.

Description

Control circuits and energy storage devices

[0001] Priority information

[0002] This application claims priority and benefits to patent application No. 202411201708.3 filed with the China National Intellectual Property Administration on August 28, 2024, and patent application No. 202411197719.9 filed with the China National Intellectual Property Administration on August 28, 2024, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] This application relates to the field of circuit technology, and more specifically, to a control circuit and an energy storage device. Background Technology

[0004] In energy storage devices, switching transistors are typically used to control charging and discharging.

[0005] Specifically, in the control circuit of the energy storage device, the switching transistor is controlled by a chip, as shown in Figure 1. The energy storage device 200' includes a battery 202', a positive output terminal PACK+, a negative output terminal PACK-, a fuse F, and the control circuit of the energy storage device. The control circuit of the energy storage device includes a switching transistor 102', an analog front-end chip 104', a microcontroller unit 106', a pre-charge circuit 108', a feedback circuit 110', and a drive circuit 112'. The analog front-end chip 104' collects the battery state parameters of the battery in the battery 202' and feeds them back to the microcontroller unit 106'. The microcontroller unit 106' controls the switching transistor 102' to turn on and off based on the information fed back from the pre-charge circuit 108' and the feedback circuit 110'.

[0006] If the microcontroller unit 106' used to control the switching transistor's on and off fails, the switching transistor 102' will lose control, resulting in low reliability. Summary of the Invention

[0007] This application aims to at least solve the technical problem in the prior art or related technologies that if the chip used to control the conduction and cutoff of the switching transistor fails, the switching transistor will lose control and the reliability will be low.

[0008] Therefore, the first aspect of this application is to provide a control circuit for an energy storage device.

[0009] The second aspect of this application is that an energy storage device is provided.

[0010] In view of the above, according to the first aspect of this application, this application provides a control circuit for an energy storage device. The energy storage device includes a battery, a negative output terminal, and a positive output terminal. The battery is charged and discharged through the negative output terminal and the positive output terminal. The control circuit of the energy storage device includes: a switching transistor connected in series between the negative terminal and the negative output terminal of the battery; an analog front-end chip; a microcontroller unit; a first AND gate, the first input terminal of the first AND gate being connected to the analog front-end chip, and the second input terminal of the first AND gate being connected to the microcontroller unit; a trigger, the input terminal of the trigger being connected to the output terminal of the first AND gate; and a drive circuit, the input terminal of the drive circuit being connected to the output terminal of the trigger, and the output terminal of the drive circuit being connected to the control terminal of the switching transistor to drive the switching transistor to turn on and off.

[0011] This application proposes a control circuit for an energy storage device. The control circuit includes a switching transistor, an analog front-end chip, a microcontroller unit, a first AND gate, a trigger, and a driver circuit. The analog front-end chip and the microcontroller unit are respectively connected to the first and second input terminals of the first AND gate, enabling the input of level signals to these terminals. In this configuration, the switching transistor's on / off state is controlled by both the analog front-end chip and the microcontroller unit. Even if one of these chips fails, the other chip can still control the switching transistor, reducing the likelihood of ineffective control and thus improving the reliability of the energy storage device's control circuit.

[0012] In addition, the control circuit of the energy storage device proposed in this application has the following additional technical features.

[0013] In some technical solutions, optionally, the switching transistor includes a charging switching transistor, the first AND gate includes a first sub-AND gate, the driving circuit includes a first driving circuit, the flip-flop includes a first flip-flop, the first input terminal of the first sub-AND gate is connected to the charging signal output terminal of the analog front-end chip, the second input terminal of the first sub-AND gate is connected to the charging signal output terminal of the microcontroller unit, the output terminal of the first sub-AND gate is connected to the input terminal of the first flip-flop, the output terminal of the first flip-flop is connected to the input terminal of the first driving circuit, the clock input port of the first flip-flop is connected to the clock control signal output terminal of the microcontroller unit, and the output terminal of the first driving circuit is connected to the control signal output terminal of the charging switching transistor. The control terminal is connected; and / or the switching transistor includes a discharge switching transistor, the first AND gate includes a second sub-AND gate, the driving circuit includes a second driving circuit, the flip-flop includes a second flip-flop, the first input terminal of the second sub-AND gate is connected to the discharge signal output terminal of the analog front-end chip, the second input terminal of the second sub-AND gate is connected to the discharge signal output terminal of the microcontroller unit, the output terminal of the second sub-AND gate is connected to the input terminal of the second flip-flop, the output terminal of the second flip-flop is connected to the input terminal of the second driving circuit, the clock input port of the second flip-flop is connected to the clock control signal output terminal of the microcontroller unit, and the output terminal of the second driving circuit is connected to the control terminal of the discharge switching transistor.

[0014] In this technical solution, the switching transistor may include a charging switching transistor, a discharging switching transistor, or both a charging switching transistor and a discharging switching transistor.

[0015] The first AND gate can be selected based on the charging switch and the discharging switch, and includes a first sub-AND gate and a second sub-AND gate. At the same time, the driving circuit also includes a first driving circuit and a second driving circuit, and the flip-flops include a first flip-flop and a second flip-flop.

[0016] In this process, different switching transistors can be controlled by different drive circuits and different triggers.

[0017] Furthermore, in the event of a reset in either the analog front-end chip or the microcontroller unit, the trigger can be used to maintain normal operation of the drive circuit, reducing the probability of the switching transistor suddenly turning off when the analog front-end chip or the microcontroller unit is reset. In this case, the probability of damage to the switching transistor is reduced, thereby improving the reliability of the control circuit of the energy storage device.

[0018] In some technical solutions, the control circuit of the energy storage device may optionally include: a second AND gate, wherein the first input of the second AND gate is connected to the fault signal output of the analog front-end chip, the second input of the second AND gate is connected to the charging signal output of the analog front-end chip, the third input of the second AND gate is connected to the clear signal output of the microcontroller, and the output of the second AND gate is connected to the reset port of the first flip-flop; and / or a third AND gate, wherein the first input of the third AND gate is connected to the fault signal output of the analog front-end chip, the second input of the third AND gate is connected to the discharge signal output of the analog front-end chip, the third input of the third AND gate is connected to the clear signal output of the microcontroller, and the output of the third AND gate is connected to the reset port of the second flip-flop.

[0019] In this technical solution, the second AND gate can perform an AND operation on the level signals output by the fault signal output terminal of the analog front-end chip, the clear signal output terminal of the microcontroller unit, and the charging signal output terminal of the analog front-end chip, and output the level signal after the AND operation. At this time, the first flip-flop determines whether to reset based on the level signal output by the output terminal of the second AND gate, thereby controlling the level signal output by the output terminal of the first flip-flop.

[0020] In this process, the first trigger can be used to indirectly control the charging switch. When one or more of the following outputs a low-level signal: the fault signal output of the analog front-end chip, the clear signal output of the microcontroller, or the charging signal output of the analog front-end chip, the first trigger can be reset, thereby controlling the charging switch to turn off, thus improving the reliability of the control circuit of the energy storage device.

[0021] Similarly, the third AND gate can perform an AND operation on the level signals output by the fault signal output terminal of the analog front-end chip, the clear signal output terminal of the microcontroller unit, and the discharge signal output terminal of the analog front-end chip, and output the level signal after the AND operation. At this time, the second flip-flop determines whether to reset based on the level signal output by the third AND gate, thereby controlling the level signal output by the second flip-flop.

[0022] In this process, the second trigger can be used to indirectly control the discharge switch. When one or more of the following outputs a low-level signal: the fault signal output of the analog front-end chip, the clear signal output of the microcontroller, or the discharge signal output of the analog front-end chip, the second trigger can be reset, thereby controlling the discharge switch to turn off, thus improving the reliability of the control circuit of the energy storage device.

[0023] In some technical solutions, optionally, a high-level signal is output from the charging signal output terminal of the analog front-end chip and the charging signal output terminal of the microcontroller, a first sub-AND gate outputs a high-level signal, and a first driving circuit responds to the high-level signal to drive the charging switch to conduct; a high-level signal is output from the discharging signal output terminal of the analog front-end chip and the discharging signal output terminal of the microcontroller, a second sub-AND gate outputs a high-level signal, and a second driving circuit responds to the high-level signal to drive the discharging switch to conduct.

[0024] In some technical solutions, optionally, one or both of the charging signal output terminals of the analog front-end chip and the microcontroller output terminal output a low-level signal, the first sub-AND gate outputs a low-level signal, and the first driving circuit responds to the low-level signal to drive the charging switch transistor to turn off; one or both of the discharging signal output terminals of the analog front-end chip and the microcontroller output a low-level signal, the second sub-AND gate outputs a low-level signal, and the second driving circuit responds to the low-level signal to drive the discharging switch transistor to turn off.

[0025] In this technical solution, the charging switch and the discharging switch can be turned on when the analog front-end chip and the microcontroller output the same high-level signal, and when one or both of the analog front-end chip and the microcontroller output a low-level signal, the charging switch and the discharging switch can be turned off. This allows the turning on and off of the charging switch to be controlled simultaneously by the analog front-end chip and the microcontroller, which improves the reliability of the control circuit of the energy storage device compared to the solution that uses a single chip for control.

[0026] In some technical solutions, optionally, based on one or more of the fault signal output terminal, charging signal output terminal, and clear signal output terminal of the analog front-end chip, a low-level signal is output, the output terminal of the second AND gate outputs a low-level signal, and the first flip-flop responds to the low-level signal and drives the charging switch to turn off through the first driving circuit; based on one or more of the fault signal output terminal, discharging signal output terminal, and clear signal output terminal of the analog front-end chip, a low-level signal is output, the output terminal of the third AND gate outputs a low-level signal, and the second flip-flop responds to the low-level signal and drives the discharging switch to turn off through the second driving circuit.

[0027] In this technical solution, the first trigger can be used to indirectly control the charging switch. When one or more of the following outputs a low-level signal: the fault signal output terminal of the analog front-end chip, the clear signal output terminal of the microcontroller, and the charging signal output terminal of the analog front-end chip, the first trigger can be reset, thereby controlling the charging switch to turn off, thus improving the reliability of the control circuit of the energy storage device.

[0028] Similarly, the second trigger can be used to indirectly control the discharge switch. When one or more of the following outputs a low-level signal: the fault signal output of the analog front-end chip, the clear signal output of the microcontroller, or the discharge signal output of the analog front-end chip, the second trigger can be reset, thereby controlling the discharge switch to turn off, thus improving the reliability of the control circuit of the energy storage device.

[0029] In some technical solutions, optionally, the battery includes a battery, and the microcontroller unit is configured to: if the battery status parameters, the temperature value of the switching transistor, the ambient temperature value, and the battery output voltage are all within the corresponding protection threshold range, the charging signal output terminal and the discharging signal output terminal of the microcontroller unit output a high-level signal and send a first signal to the analog front-end chip; otherwise, output a low-level signal. The battery status parameters are status parameters acquired by the analog front-end chip from the battery. The analog front-end chip is configured to: upon receiving the first signal, if the battery status parameters are within the corresponding protection threshold range, output a high-level signal at its charging signal output terminal and its discharging signal output terminal; otherwise, output a low-level signal. The battery status parameters include at least one of the following: battery voltage value, battery current value, and battery temperature value.

[0030] In this technical solution, the microcontroller can obtain battery status parameters from the analog front-end chip. After obtaining the battery status parameters, it compares the battery status parameters, the temperature value of the switching transistor, the ambient temperature value, and the battery output voltage with the corresponding protection threshold ranges. If the battery status parameters, the temperature value of the switching transistor, the ambient temperature value, and the battery output voltage are all within the corresponding protection threshold ranges, the current state of the energy storage device is considered to be normal. At this time, the charging signal output terminal and the discharging signal output terminal of the microcontroller output a high-level signal to control the charging switch and the discharging switch to be turned on. At the same time, a first signal is output to inform the analog front-end chip that a high-level signal needs to be output.

[0031] Upon receiving the first signal, the analog front-end chip compares the battery state parameters with the corresponding protection threshold range. If the battery state parameters fall within the protection threshold range, it outputs a high-level signal. During this process, the microcontroller unit and the analog front-end chip respectively detect the current state of the energy storage device and the battery state, thereby ensuring the reliability of the charging and discharging switches.

[0032] In some technical solutions, optionally, the microcontroller is used to: during battery charging and discharging, if an alarm signal and / or communication abnormality is detected, acquire battery status parameters, the temperature value of the switching transistor, the ambient temperature value, and the battery output voltage; if at least one of the battery status parameters, the temperature value of the switching transistor, the ambient temperature value, and the battery output voltage is not within the corresponding protection threshold range, control at least one of the clear signal output terminal, the charging signal output terminal, and the discharging signal output terminal of the microcontroller to output a low-level signal.

[0033] In this technical solution, if an alarm signal and / or communication abnormality are detected during the charging and discharging process of the battery, it is considered that an abnormality has occurred during the charging and discharging process. At this time, the battery status parameters, the temperature value of the switching transistor, the ambient temperature value, and the battery output voltage are acquired in order to verify whether there is an abnormality based on the battery status parameters, the temperature value of the switching transistor, the ambient temperature value, and the battery output voltage.

[0034] Specifically, if at least one of the battery status parameters, the temperature value of the switching transistor, the ambient temperature value, and the battery output voltage is not within the corresponding protection threshold range, it is considered that there is an abnormality in the battery charging and discharging. At this time, at least one of the clear signal output terminal, the charging signal output terminal, and the discharging signal output terminal of the microcontroller will output a low-level signal to end the battery charging and discharging, thereby ensuring the reliability of the energy storage device.

[0035] In some technical solutions, the alarm signal may optionally include at least one of the following: battery overvoltage alarm signal, battery undervoltage alarm signal, battery overtemperature alarm signal, equalization temperature overtemperature alarm signal, charge / discharge current overcurrent alarm signal, voltage difference alarm signal, and switching transistor overtemperature alarm signal.

[0036] Among them, the battery overvoltage alarm signal is an alarm signal generated when the battery overvoltage value exceeds the upper limit of the protection threshold range; the battery undervoltage alarm signal is an alarm signal generated when the battery overvoltage value is lower than the lower limit of the protection threshold range; the battery temperature overheat alarm signal is an alarm signal generated when the battery temperature exceeds the upper limit of the protection threshold range; the equalization temperature overheat alarm signal is an alarm signal generated when the temperature difference between batteries exceeds the upper limit of the protection threshold range; the charge / discharge current overcurrent alarm signal is an alarm signal generated when the charge / discharge current exceeds the upper limit of the protection threshold range during the charge / discharge process; the voltage difference alarm signal is an alarm signal generated when the voltage difference between batteries exceeds the upper limit of the protection threshold range; and the switching transistor temperature overheat alarm signal is an alarm signal generated when the temperature of the switching transistor exceeds the upper limit of the protection threshold range.

[0037] Among them, communication anomalies can be communication interruptions between the microcontroller unit and the analog front-end chip.

[0038] In some technical solutions, optionally, the battery includes a battery, and the microcontroller unit is configured to: if the battery status parameters, the temperature value of the switching transistor, the ambient temperature value, and the battery output voltage are all within the corresponding protection threshold range, the charging signal output terminal, the discharging signal output terminal, and the clear signal output terminal of the microcontroller unit output a high-level signal and send a first signal to the analog front-end chip; otherwise, control at least one of the charging signal output terminal, the discharging signal output terminal, and the clear signal output terminal of the microcontroller unit to output a low-level signal, wherein the battery status parameters are status parameters acquired by the analog front-end chip from the battery; the analog front-end chip is configured to: upon receiving the first signal, if the battery status parameters are within the corresponding protection threshold range, the charging signal output terminal, the discharging signal output terminal, and the fault signal output terminal of the analog front-end chip output a high-level signal; otherwise, control at least one of the charging signal output terminal, the discharging signal output terminal, and the fault signal output terminal of the analog front-end chip to output a low-level signal; wherein the battery status parameters include at least one of the following: battery voltage value, battery current value, and battery temperature value.

[0039] During this process, the microcontroller unit and the analog front-end chip will detect the current state of the energy storage device and the state of the battery, respectively, so as to ensure the reliability of the opening and closing of the charging switch and the discharging switch.

[0040] In some technical solutions, optionally, the microcontroller is used to: during battery charging and discharging, if an alarm signal and / or communication abnormality is detected, acquire battery status parameters, switch transistor temperature value, ambient temperature value, and battery output voltage; if at least one of the battery status parameters, switch transistor temperature value, ambient temperature value, and battery output voltage is not within the corresponding protection threshold range, at least one of the clear signal output terminal, the charging signal output terminal, and the discharging signal output terminal of the microcontroller outputs a low-level signal.

[0041] In this technical solution, if an alarm signal and / or communication abnormality are detected during the charging and discharging process of the battery, it is considered that an abnormality has occurred during the charging and discharging process. At this time, the battery status parameters, the temperature value of the switching transistor, the ambient temperature value, and the battery output voltage are acquired in order to verify whether there is an abnormality based on the battery status parameters, the temperature value of the switching transistor, the ambient temperature value, and the battery output voltage.

[0042] Specifically, if at least one of the battery status parameters, the temperature value of the switching transistor, the ambient temperature value, and the battery output voltage is not within the corresponding protection threshold range, it is considered that there is an abnormality in the battery charging and discharging. At this time, at least one of the clear signal output terminal, the charging signal output terminal, and the discharging signal output terminal of the microcontroller will output a low-level signal to end the battery charging and discharging, thereby ensuring the reliability of the energy storage device.

[0043] In some technical solutions, optionally, the microcontroller also includes a fault signal input terminal connected to a fault signal output terminal. The analog front-end chip is further configured to: during battery charging and discharging, if the battery state parameters are not within the corresponding protection threshold range and / or a short circuit is detected in the battery, output a low-level signal at the fault signal output terminal and transmit the low-level signal to the microcontroller; the microcontroller is further configured to: if the fault signal input terminal receives a low-level signal, control at least one of the clear signal output terminal, the charging signal output terminal, and the discharging signal output terminal of the microcontroller to output a low-level signal.

[0044] In this technical solution, the analog front-end chip determines the battery's state by analyzing its state parameters. Through the connection between the fault signal input and output terminals, it feeds the battery's state back to the microcontroller unit (MCU). This allows the MCU to determine the appropriate level signals for the clear signal output, the charging signal output, and the discharging signal output. During this process, if the analog front-end chip detects a battery abnormality, it can promptly cut off the charging and discharging switches, thereby reducing the likelihood of damage to these switches and improving the reliability of the energy storage device's control circuitry.

[0045] In some technical solutions, optionally, the existence of a discharge short circuit in the battery can be understood as the positive output terminal being short-circuited with the negative output terminal during the battery discharge process.

[0046] In some technical solutions, the microcontroller unit is optionally also used to transmit configuration parameters to the analog front-end chip; wherein, upon receiving the configuration parameters, the analog front-end chip configures the protection threshold range corresponding to the battery state parameters based on the configuration parameters.

[0047] In this technical solution, the protection threshold range used in the analog front-end chip can be configured using a microcontroller unit. During this process, the user can configure the analog front-end chip while configuring the microcontroller unit, thereby improving the configuration efficiency of the control circuit of the energy storage device.

[0048] In some technical solutions, the configuration parameters include the protection threshold range corresponding to the battery state parameters.

[0049] In some technical solutions, the control circuit of the energy storage device may optionally include a fuse connected in series between the positive terminal and the positive output terminal of the battery. In this technical solution, by incorporating a fuse, the connection between the positive output terminal and the positive terminal of the battery can be severed in the event of excessive discharge or charging current, thereby protecting the battery and improving the safety of the control circuit of the energy storage device.

[0050] In some technical solutions, the positive output terminal and the negative output terminal are used to output the power supply voltage. Either the simulated front-end chip and the microcontroller unit are used to determine the abnormal detection result based on the first comparison result and / or the second comparison result. The first comparison result is the comparison result of the first power supply voltage and the first preset voltage. The second comparison result is the comparison result of the drive voltage and the second preset voltage. The first power supply voltage and the drive voltage are the power supply voltage and the voltage value at the output terminal of the drive circuit when the simulated front-end chip and the microcontroller unit output level signal, respectively. The first preset voltage and the second preset voltage are the power supply voltage and the voltage value at the output terminal of the drive circuit when the drive circuit and the switching transistor are fault-free.

[0051] In this technical solution, the control circuit of the energy storage device includes a switching transistor, an analog front-end chip, a microcontroller unit, an AND gate, and a drive circuit. The analog front-end chip and the microcontroller unit are connected to the first and second input terminals of the first AND gate, respectively, thus inputting level signals to these terminals. When it is necessary to control the switching transistor to turn on or off, the analog front-end chip and the microcontroller unit output level signals to the first AND gate. At this time, the drive voltage and the first supply voltage are acquired and compared with the supply voltage under fault-free conditions for the drive circuit and the switching transistor, as well as the voltage value at the output terminal of the drive circuit, to determine whether the drive circuit and the switching transistor are faulty. During this process, the analog front-end chip and the microcontroller unit can perform fault detection independently. If one chip fails, the other chip can be used for fault detection, improving reliability while reducing the risk of battery overcharging and over-discharging.

[0052] Specifically, as can be seen from the control logic of the AND gate, the AND gate can only output a high-level signal when both the first and second input terminals are simultaneously input with a high-level signal. Conversely, the AND gate outputs a low-level signal when one of the first and second input terminals is input with a high-level signal and the other with a low-level signal, or when both the first and second input terminals are simultaneously input with a low-level signal.

[0053] The switching transistor's on / off state is determined separately by the analog front-end chip and the microcontroller unit. When the switching transistor needs to be turned on, both the analog front-end chip and the microcontroller unit will simultaneously output a high-level signal to the first AND gate. In this case, the output of the first AND gate will output a high-level signal, and the driver circuit will drive the switching transistor to turn on in response to the high-level signal. Conversely, when the switching transistor needs to be turned off, one or both of the analog front-end chip and the microcontroller unit will simultaneously output a low-level signal to the first AND gate. In this case, the output of the first AND gate will output a low-level signal, and the driver circuit will drive the switching transistor to turn off in response to the low-level signal.

[0054] When the drive circuit is fault-free, it will correctly respond to the high-level and low-level signals output by the first AND gate. Similarly, when the switching transistor is fault-free, it will also correctly respond to the drive voltage output by the drive circuit. Based on this, the supply voltage and the voltage value at the output of the drive circuit are obtained when the drive circuit and the switching transistor are fault-free, namely the first preset voltage and the second preset voltage, so as to determine the abnormal detection result based on the comparison results of the first preset voltage and the second preset voltage with the first supply voltage and the drive voltage, respectively.

[0055] In this technical solution, when the microcontroller unit and / or analog front-end chip misjudge or reset, the switching transistor will frequently turn on and off. The set trigger can eliminate the impact of misjudgment caused by the microcontroller unit and / or analog front-end chip, thereby improving the stability of the control circuit of the energy storage device.

[0056] In some technical solutions, optionally, the switching transistor includes a charging switching transistor, the AND gate includes a first sub-AND gate, the flip-flop includes a first flip-flop, the driving circuit includes a first driving circuit, the first input terminal of the first sub-AND gate is connected to the charging signal output terminal of the analog front-end chip, the second input terminal of the first sub-AND gate is connected to the charging signal output terminal of the microcontroller unit, the output terminal of the first sub-AND gate is connected to the input terminal of the first flip-flop, the output terminal of the first flip-flop is connected to the input terminal of the first driving circuit, the output terminal of the first driving circuit is connected to the control terminal of the charging switching transistor, and the clock input terminal of the first flip-flop is connected to the microcontroller unit; and / or the switching transistor includes a discharging switching transistor, the AND gate includes a second sub-AND gate, the flip-flop includes a second flip-flop, the driving circuit includes a second driving circuit, the first input terminal of the second sub-AND gate is connected to the discharging signal output terminal of the analog front-end chip, the second input terminal of the second sub-AND gate is connected to the discharging signal output terminal of the microcontroller unit, the output terminal of the second AND gate is connected to the input terminal of the second flip-flop, the output terminal of the second flip-flop is connected to the input terminal of the second driving circuit, the output terminal of the second driving circuit is connected to the control terminal of the discharging switching transistor, and the clock input terminal of the second flip-flop is connected to the microcontroller unit.

[0057] In this technical solution, the switching transistor may include a charging switching transistor, a discharging switching transistor, or both a charging switching transistor and a discharging switching transistor.

[0058] The AND gate can be a first sub-AND gate and a second sub-AND gate, depending on the selection of the charging switch and the discharging switch. At the same time, the driving circuit also includes a first driving circuit and a second driving circuit.

[0059] Specifically, when the switching transistor includes a charging switching transistor, the first supply voltage and the driving voltage are the supply voltage and the voltage value at the output terminal of the first driving circuit, respectively, when the analog front-end chip and the microcontroller output level signal are displayed.

[0060] Specifically, when the switching transistor includes a discharge switching transistor, the first supply voltage and the driving voltage are the supply voltage and the voltage value at the output terminal of the second driving circuit, respectively, when the analog front-end chip and the microcontroller output level signal are displayed.

[0061] Specifically, when the switching transistor includes a discharge switching transistor and a charging switching transistor, the first supply voltage includes a first sub-supply voltage and a second sub-supply voltage, and the driving voltage includes a first sub-driving voltage and a second sub-driving voltage. The first sub-supply voltage and the first sub-driving voltage are respectively the supply voltage when simulating the output level signals of the front-end chip and the microcontroller unit, and the voltage value at the output terminal of the first driving circuit. The second sub-supply voltage and the second sub-driving voltage are respectively the supply voltage when simulating the output level signals of the front-end chip and the microcontroller unit, and the voltage value at the output terminal of the second driving circuit.

[0062] During this process, fault detection can be performed on different switching transistors and different drive circuits.

[0063] In some technical solutions, the first and second flip-flops may optionally be D flip-flops.

[0064] In some technical solutions, the control circuit of the energy storage device may optionally include: a first comparison circuit, the first terminal of which is connected to the control terminal of the charging switch, the second terminal of which is used to input a second preset voltage, and the third terminal of which is connected to the microcontroller unit; and / or a second comparison circuit, the first terminal of which is connected to the control terminal of the discharging switch, the second terminal of which is used to input a second preset voltage, and the third terminal of which is connected to the microcontroller unit.

[0065] In this technical solution, the microcontroller unit uses a first comparison circuit and a second comparison circuit to obtain a second comparison result. In this process, the first comparison circuit and the second comparison circuit are hardware, which can quickly obtain the comparison result, so that the control circuit of the energy storage device has a fast response capability.

[0066] In some technical solutions, optionally, the first comparison circuit includes: a first resistor, the first end of which is connected to the control terminal of the charging switch; a second resistor, the first end of which is connected to the second end of the first resistor, and the second end of the second resistor is grounded; a first comparator, the first input terminal of which is connected to the first end of the second resistor, the second input terminal of which is used to input a voltage signal corresponding to a second preset voltage, and the output terminal of which is connected to the microcontroller unit; and / or the second comparison circuit includes: a third resistor, the first end of which is connected to the control terminal of the discharging switch; a fourth resistor, the first end of which is connected to the second end of the third resistor, and the second end of the fourth resistor is grounded; a second comparator, the first input terminal of which is connected to the first end of the fourth resistor, the second input terminal of which is used to input a voltage signal corresponding to a second preset voltage, and the output terminal of which is connected to the microcontroller unit.

[0067] In the above technical solution, the first resistor and the second resistor form a voltage divider circuit. Since the first end of the first resistor is connected to the control terminal of the charging switch and the second end of the second resistor is connected to the negative output terminal, the voltage at the control terminal of the charging switch, which is the driving voltage in this application, can form a voltage divider across the first and second resistors connected in series. At this time, the voltage at the first end of the second resistor can characterize the driving voltage. The first input terminal of the first comparator is connected to the first end of the second resistor, and the second input terminal of the first comparator is used to input a voltage signal corresponding to the second preset voltage. Therefore, the first comparator can be used to compare the voltage signal corresponding to the second preset voltage and the voltage at the first end of the second resistor to obtain the second comparison result.

[0068] Similarly, the third and fourth resistors form a voltage divider circuit. Since the first end of the third resistor is connected to the control terminal of the discharge switch and the second end of the fourth resistor is connected to the negative output terminal, the voltage at the control terminal of the discharge switch, which is the driving voltage in this application, can form a voltage divider across the series-connected third and fourth resistors. At this time, the voltage at the first end of the fourth resistor can represent the driving voltage. The first input terminal of the second comparator is connected to the first end of the fourth resistor, and the second input terminal of the second comparator is used to input the voltage signal corresponding to the second preset voltage. Therefore, the second comparator can be used to compare the voltage signal corresponding to the second preset voltage with the voltage at the first end of the fourth resistor to obtain the second comparison result.

[0069] In this process, even if at least one of the drive circuit and the switching transistor is faulty, the second comparison result can be obtained quickly, thereby enabling timely detection of the fault.

[0070] In some technical solutions, the microcontroller unit is optionally connected to the analog front-end chip via signal connection, and the microcontroller unit is also used to output the first comparison result and the second comparison result to the analog front-end chip.

[0071] In this technical solution, by utilizing the signal connection between the microcontroller unit and the analog front-end chip, the microcontroller unit can output the first comparison result and the second comparison result to the analog front-end chip, so that the analog front-end chip can perform fault diagnosis on the drive circuit and the switching transistor.

[0072] During this process, the microcontroller unit and the analog front-end chip can perform fault diagnosis independently, which improves the reliability of the control circuit of the energy storage device.

[0073] In some technical solutions, the signal connection can optionally be a wired connection or a wireless connection.

[0074] For example, the microcontroller unit is connected to the analog front-end chip via an I2C bus, a universal asynchronous transceiver, or a serial peripheral interface.

[0075] The I2C (Inter-Integrated Circuit) bus is a simple, bidirectional, two-wire synchronous serial bus. It requires only two wires to transmit information between devices connected to the bus.

[0076] Among them, the Universal Asynchronous Receiver / Transmitter (UART) is a universal serial data bus.

[0077] Among them, the Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) is a synchronous peripheral interface. In some technical solutions, the control circuit of the energy storage device may optionally include a fuse located between the positive output terminal and the positive terminal of the battery.

[0078] In this technical solution, a fuse is installed to disconnect the positive output terminal from the positive terminal of the battery in case the battery discharge current or charging current is too large, thereby protecting the battery and improving the safety of the control circuit of the energy storage device.

[0079] In some technical solutions, the control circuit of the energy storage device may optionally include: a first sampling wire, one end of which is connected to the positive output terminal and the other end of which is connected to the microcontroller unit, for acquiring the first supply voltage; and / or a second sampling wire, one end of which is connected to the positive output terminal and the other end of which is connected to the analog front-end chip, for acquiring the first supply voltage.

[0080] In this technical solution, by setting a first sampling wire and a second sampling wire, the microcontroller unit and the analog front-end chip can acquire voltage from the positive output terminal to obtain the first supply voltage.

[0081] In the above technical solution, the microcontroller unit and the analog front-end chip exchange the first power supply voltage they collect to determine whether the energy storage device is normal.

[0082] In some technical solutions, optionally, the microcontroller is specifically used to: obtain the supply voltage and the voltage value at the output terminal of the drive circuit when the microcontroller outputs a high-level signal, so as to obtain a first supply voltage and a drive voltage, wherein the first supply voltage and the drive voltage are respectively the supply voltage and the voltage value at the output terminal of the drive circuit when the analog front-end chip and the microcontroller output high-level signals, and the drive circuit drives the switch to conduct based on the high-level signal; if the drive voltage is less than a second preset voltage, a drive circuit fault is determined; if the drive voltage is greater than or equal to the second preset voltage and the first supply voltage is less than the first preset voltage, a switch open-circuit fault is determined.

[0083] In this technical solution, when the first power supply voltage and the driving voltage are respectively the power supply voltage and the voltage value at the output terminal of the driving circuit when the analog front-end chip and the microcontroller output high-level signal, the driving circuit needs to drive the switching transistor to conduct so as to output power using the positive and negative output terminals of the energy storage device.

[0084] If the driving voltage is less than the second preset voltage at this time, it is considered that the voltage output by the output terminal of the driving circuit is insufficient, and obviously, the driving circuit has failed at this time. If the driving voltage is greater than or equal to the second preset voltage, it is considered that the driving circuit is not faulty, but if the first supply voltage is less than the first preset voltage at this time, it is considered that the positive and negative output terminals of the energy storage device are not supplying enough power, and obviously, the switching transistor is faulty at this time.

[0085] During this process, the microcontroller unit can be used to detect faults in the drive circuit and switching transistors during the charging and discharging of the energy storage device, thereby ensuring the reliability of the control circuit of the energy storage device.

[0086] In some technical solutions, optionally, the microcontroller is specifically used to: acquire a first supply voltage and a drive voltage, wherein the first supply voltage and the drive voltage are respectively the supply voltage when one or both of the analog front-end chip and the microcontroller output a low-level signal and the voltage value at the output terminal of the drive circuit, and the drive circuit drives the switch to turn off based on the low-level signal; if the drive voltage is greater than or equal to a second preset voltage, a drive circuit fault is determined; if the drive voltage is less than the second preset voltage and the first supply voltage is greater than or equal to the first preset voltage, a switch short-circuit fault is determined.

[0087] In this technical solution, when the first power supply voltage and the driving voltage are respectively the power supply voltage and the voltage value at the output terminal of the driving circuit, the driving circuit needs to drive the switching transistor to turn off in order to stop the output power from the positive and negative output terminals of the energy storage device.

[0088] If the driving voltage is greater than or equal to the second preset voltage at this time, it is assumed that the driving circuit still needs to control the switching transistor to conduct. Obviously, the state of the switching transistor at this time is inconsistent with the state desired by the user. Therefore, the driving circuit has malfunctioned. If the driving voltage is less than the second preset voltage, it is assumed that the driving circuit is not malfunctioning. However, if the first supply voltage is greater than or equal to the first preset voltage at this time, it is assumed that the positive and negative output terminals of the energy storage device are still outputting power. Obviously, the switching transistor is not turned off at this time. Therefore, it can be inferred that the switching transistor is malfunctioning.

[0089] During this process, after the energy storage device stops charging and discharging, the microcontroller unit can be used to detect faults in the drive circuit and switching transistors, thereby ensuring the reliability of the energy storage device's control circuit.

[0090] In some technical solutions, the microcontroller may optionally also be used to: output alarm information if the drive circuit fails, the alarm information indicating the drive circuit failure; and execute a stop charging / discharging operation if the switching transistor fails.

[0091] In this technical solution, if the drive circuit fails, an alarm message is output to remind maintenance personnel to maintain the drive circuit in a timely manner, thereby eliminating the fault and ensuring the reliability of the control circuit of the energy storage device.

[0092] In some technical solutions, alarm information includes one or more of the following: sound information, light information, and text information.

[0093] For example, the sound information could be playing an audio message saying "drive circuit fault" or playing a fault tone to indicate a fault.

[0094] For example, the lighting information can be either controlling the indicator light used to indicate a driving circuit malfunction to flash intermittently, or controlling the indicator light used to indicate a driving circuit malfunction to remain constantly lit.

[0095] For example, the text information could be the text displaying "Drive circuit failure".

[0096] In the above technical solution, if the switching transistor fails, it is determined that the switching transistor can no longer be controlled. By performing the operation of stopping charging and discharging, the power supply from the energy storage device to the external device and the charging of the energy storage device by the external device are cut off, thereby reducing the risk of overcharging and over-discharging of the energy storage device.

[0097] In some technical solutions, optionally, the operation of stopping charging and discharging can be the operation of cutting off the fuse.

[0098] In some technical solutions, optionally, the analog front-end chip is used to: obtain the supply voltage and the voltage value at the output terminal of the drive circuit when the analog front-end chip outputs a high-level signal, so as to obtain a first supply voltage and a drive voltage, wherein the first supply voltage and the drive voltage are respectively the supply voltage and the voltage value at the output terminal of the drive circuit when the analog front-end chip and the microcontroller unit output high-level signals, and the drive circuit drives the switch to conduct based on the high-level signal; if the first supply voltage is less than a first preset voltage, it is determined that the switch is open-circuited or the drive circuit is faulty; if the first supply voltage is greater than or equal to the first preset voltage, it is determined that the switch and the drive circuit are fault-free.

[0099] In this technical solution, when the analog front-end chip outputs a high-level signal, it is assumed that a driving circuit is needed to drive the switching transistor to conduct, so as to use the positive and negative output terminals of the energy storage device to output power.

[0100] If the first supply voltage is less than the first preset voltage, it is considered that the positive and negative output terminals of the energy storage device are not supplying enough power. Obviously, at this time, the switch tube is open-circuited or the drive circuit is faulty. However, if the first supply voltage is greater than or equal to the first preset voltage, it is considered that the positive and negative output terminals of the energy storage device are supplying power normally. At this time, the switch tube and the drive circuit are operating normally, and there is no fault in the switch tube and the drive circuit.

[0101] In this process, analog front-end chips can be used to detect open-circuit faults in switching transistors or faults in drive circuits.

[0102] In some technical solutions, optionally, a first supply voltage and a driving voltage are obtained. The first supply voltage and the driving voltage are the supply voltage when one or both of the analog front-end chip and the microcontroller output a low-level signal, and the voltage value at the output terminal of the driving circuit, respectively. The driving circuit drives the switch to turn off based on the low-level signal. If the first supply voltage is greater than or equal to a first preset voltage, it is determined that the switch is short-circuited or the driving circuit is faulty. If the first supply voltage is less than the first preset voltage, it is determined that the switch and the driving circuit are not faulty.

[0103] When the first supply voltage and the driving voltage are respectively the supply voltage and the voltage value at the output terminal of the driving circuit, the driving circuit needs to drive the switching transistor to turn off in order to stop the output power from the positive and negative output terminals of the energy storage device.

[0104] At this time, if the first supply voltage is greater than or equal to the first preset voltage, the positive and negative output terminals of the energy storage device will obviously still output power. Obviously, the switching transistor is not cut off at this time. Therefore, there is a short circuit fault in the switching transistor or a fault in the drive circuit. If the first supply voltage is less than the first preset voltage, the switching transistor is considered to be cut off.

[0105] During this process, after the energy storage device stops charging and discharging, the analog front-end chip can be used to detect faults in the drive circuit and switching transistor, thereby ensuring the reliability of the energy storage device's control circuit.

[0106] According to a second aspect of this application, this application provides an energy storage device, comprising: a battery; a positive output terminal connected to the positive terminal of the battery; a negative output terminal; an inverter connected to the positive output terminal and the negative output terminal; and a control circuit of the energy storage device as described above, wherein the control circuit of the energy storage device is connected to the negative output terminal and the negative terminal of the battery, respectively.

[0107] According to a second aspect of this application, this application provides an energy storage device, comprising: a positive output terminal; a negative output terminal; a battery, the battery being charged and discharged through the negative output terminal and the positive output terminal; an inverter, the inverter being connected to the positive output terminal and the negative output terminal for charging and discharging the battery; and a control circuit for the energy storage device as described above, the control circuit of the energy storage device being connected to the positive output terminal, the negative output terminal and the battery.

[0108] Additional aspects and advantages of this application will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0109] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of this application will become apparent and readily understood from the description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the following drawings, wherein:

[0110] Figure 1 shows a topology diagram of an energy storage device in the relevant technical solution;

[0111] Figure 2 shows one of the topological schematic diagrams of an energy storage device according to an embodiment of this application;

[0112] Figure 3 shows a second topological schematic diagram of an energy storage device according to an embodiment of this application;

[0113] Figure 4 shows a third topological schematic diagram of an energy storage device according to an embodiment of this application;

[0114] Figure 5 shows a fourth topological schematic diagram of an energy storage device according to an embodiment of this application;

[0115] Figure 6 shows one of the topological schematic diagrams of the control circuit of an energy storage device according to an embodiment of this application;

[0116] Figure 7 shows a second topological schematic diagram of the control circuit of an energy storage device according to an embodiment of this application;

[0117] Figure 8 shows one of the flowcharts of a control method executed by a microcontroller unit in an embodiment of this application;

[0118] Figure 9 shows a second schematic flowchart of a control method executed by a microcontroller unit in an embodiment of this application;

[0119] Figure 10 shows the fifth topological schematic diagram of an energy storage device according to an embodiment of this application.

[0120] The correspondence between the reference numerals and component names in Figure 1 is as follows:

[0121] 200' energy storage device, 202' battery, PACK+ positive output terminal, PACK- negative output terminal, F fuse, 102' switching transistor, 104' analog front-end chip, 106' microcontroller unit, 108' pre-charge circuit, 110' feedback circuit, 112' drive circuit.

[0122] The correspondence between the reference numerals and component names in Figures 2 to 7 and Figure 10 is as follows: 100 Control circuit of energy storage device, 200 Energy storage device, 202 Battery, PACK+ Positive output terminal, PACK- Negative output terminal, 102 Switching transistor, 104 Analog front-end chip, 106 Microcontroller unit, 108 First AND gate, 1082 First sub-AND gate, 1084 Second sub-AND gate, 114 Second AND gate, 116 Third AND gate, 110 Flip-flop, 1102 First flip-flop, 1104 Second flip-flop, 112 Drive circuit, 1122 First drive circuit, 1124 Second drive circuit, Q1 Charging switch, Q2 Discharging switch, F Fuse, 204 Inverter, 114 First comparator circuit, 116 Second comparator circuit The circuit consists of: R1 (first resistor), R2 (second resistor), B1 (first comparator), R3 (third resistor), R4 (fourth resistor), B2 (second comparator), RS (sampling resistor), L1 (first sampling wire), L2 (second sampling wire), 118 (first voltage sampling circuit), 120 (second voltage sampling circuit), CLK (clock control signal output), ALIN (fault signal input), ALOUT (fault signal output), CHG (charge signal output), DSG (discharge signal output), CLR (clear signal output), and CL (reset port). Detailed Implementation

[0123] The embodiments of this application are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain this application, and should not be construed as limiting this application.

[0124] The following disclosure provides numerous different embodiments or examples for implementing various structures of the embodiments of this application. To simplify the disclosure of the embodiments of this application, specific examples of components and arrangements are described below. Of course, these are merely examples and are not intended to limit the scope of this application. Reference numerals and / or reference letters may be repeated in different examples of the embodiments of this application; such repetition is for simplification and clarity and does not in itself indicate a relationship between the various embodiments and / or arrangements discussed. Furthermore, the embodiments of this application provide examples of various specific processes and materials, but those skilled in the art will recognize the application of other processes and / or the use of other materials.

[0125] In one embodiment of this application, as shown in Figures 2, 3, and 4, a control circuit 100 for an energy storage device is provided. The energy storage device 200 includes a battery 202, a negative output terminal PACK-, and a positive output terminal PACK+. The battery 202 is charged and discharged through the negative output terminal PACK- and the positive output terminal PACK+. The control circuit 100 for the energy storage device includes: a switching transistor 102 connected in series between the negative terminal of the battery 202 and the negative output terminal PACK-; an analog front-end chip 104; a microcontroller unit 106; and a third... An AND gate 108 is configured such that its first input is connected to the analog front-end chip 104, and its second input is connected to the microcontroller unit 106; a flip-flop 110 is configured such that its input is connected to the output of the first AND gate 108, and its clock input is connected to the microcontroller unit 106; and a drive circuit 112 is configured such that its input is connected to the output of the flip-flop 110, and its output is connected to the control terminal of the switching transistor 102, thereby driving the switching transistor 102 to turn on and off.

[0126] This application proposes a control circuit 100 for an energy storage device, which includes a switching transistor 102, an analog front-end chip 104, a microcontroller unit 106, a first AND gate 108, a trigger 110, and a drive circuit 112. The analog front-end chip 104 and the microcontroller unit 106 are respectively connected to the first and second input terminals of the first AND gate 108, enabling them to input level signals to these terminals. In this configuration, the switching transistor 102 is controlled by both the analog front-end chip 104 and the microcontroller unit 106. Even if one of these chips fails, the other chip can still control the switching transistor 102, reducing the likelihood of the switching transistor 102 being uncontrollable and thus improving the reliability of the control circuit 100.

[0127] In some embodiments, the analog front-end chip 104 is also known as the analog front-end (AFE) chip.

[0128] In some embodiments, optionally, the switching transistor 102 includes a charging switching transistor Q1, the first AND gate 108 includes a first sub-AND gate 1082, the driving circuit 112 includes a first driving circuit 1122, the flip-flop 110 includes a first flip-flop 1102, the first input terminal of the first sub-AND gate 1082 is connected to the charging signal output terminal CHG of the analog front-end chip 104, the second input terminal of the first sub-AND gate 1082 is connected to the charging signal output terminal CHG of the microcontroller unit 106, the output terminal of the first sub-AND gate 1082 is connected to the input terminal of the first flip-flop 1102, the output terminal of the first flip-flop 1102 is connected to the input terminal of the first driving circuit 1122, the clock input port of the first flip-flop 1102 is connected to the clock control signal output terminal CLK of the microcontroller unit 106, and the output terminal of the first driving circuit 1122 is connected to the charging switching transistor Q1. The control terminal of Q1 is connected; and / or the switching transistor 102 includes the discharge switching transistor Q2, the first AND gate 108 includes the second sub-AND gate 1084, the driving circuit 112 includes the second driving circuit 1124, the flip-flop 110 includes the second flip-flop 1104, the first input terminal of the second sub-AND gate 1084 is connected to the discharge signal output terminal DSG of the analog front-end chip 104, the second input terminal of the second sub-AND gate 1084 is connected to the discharge signal output terminal DSG of the microcontroller unit 106, the output terminal of the second sub-AND gate 1084 is connected to the input terminal of the second flip-flop 1104, the output terminal of the second flip-flop 1104 is connected to the input terminal of the second driving circuit 1124, the clock input port of the second flip-flop 1104 is connected to the clock control signal output terminal CLK of the microcontroller unit 106, and the output terminal of the second driving circuit 1124 is connected to the control terminal of the discharge switching transistor Q2.

[0129] In this embodiment, the switch 102 may include a charging switch Q1, a discharging switch Q2, or both a charging switch Q1 and a discharging switch Q2.

[0130] The first AND gate 108 can be selected according to the charging switch Q1 and the discharging switch Q2, including the first sub-AND gate 1082 and the second sub-AND gate 1084. At the same time, the driving circuit 112 also includes the first driving circuit 1122 and the second driving circuit 1124. The flip-flop 110 includes the first flip-flop 1102 and the second flip-flop 1104.

[0131] In this process, different switching transistors 102 can be controlled by different driving circuits 112 and different triggers 110.

[0132] In some embodiments, flip-flop 110 is optionally a D flip-flop. Table 1 shows a schematic diagram of the operating logic of a D flip-flop, as shown in Table 1:

[0133] Table 1

[0134] Where INPUT is the input of the D flip-flop, OUTPUT is the output of the D flip-flop, CL represents the reset port of the D flip-flop, CLK is the clock input port of the D flip-flop, D is the input of the D flip-flop, Q is the output of the D flip-flop, H represents a high-level signal, L represents a low-level signal, ↑ indicates that the clock signal changes from a low-level signal to a high-level state, HorL indicates that the clock input port remains at a high-level signal or a low-level signal, X represents any level state, where any level state is either a high-level signal or a low-level signal, and Q0 represents the original state of the D flip-flop.

[0135] Furthermore, in the event of a reset in either the analog front-end chip 104 or the microcontroller unit 106, the trigger 110 can be used to maintain the normal operation of the drive circuit 112, reducing the probability that the switch 102 will suddenly turn off when the analog front-end chip 104 or the microcontroller unit 106 is reset. In this case, the probability of damage to the switch 102 is reduced, thereby improving the reliability of the control circuit 100 of the energy storage device.

[0136] In some embodiments, optionally, the control circuit 100 of the energy storage device further includes: a second AND gate 114, the first input of which is connected to the fault signal output terminal ALOUT of the analog front-end chip 104, the second input of which is connected to the charging signal output terminal CHG of the analog front-end chip 104, the third input of which is connected to the clear signal output terminal CLR of the microcontroller unit 106, and the output of which is connected to the reset port CL of the first trigger 1102; and / or a third AND gate 116, the first input of which is connected to the fault signal output terminal ALOUT of the analog front-end chip 104, the second input of which is connected to the discharge signal output terminal DSG of the analog front-end chip 104, the third input of which is connected to the clear signal output terminal CLR of the microcontroller unit 106, and the output of which is connected to the reset port CL of the second trigger 1104.

[0137] In this embodiment, the second AND gate 114 can perform an AND operation on the level signals output by the fault signal output terminal ALOUT of the analog front-end chip 104, the clear signal output terminal CLR of the microcontroller unit 106, and the charging signal output terminal CHG of the analog front-end chip 104, and output the level signal after the AND operation. At this time, the first flip-flop 1102 determines whether to reset based on the level signal output by the output terminal of the second AND gate 114, thereby controlling the level signal output by the output terminal of the first flip-flop 1102.

[0138] In this process, the first flip-flop 1102 can be used to indirectly control the charging switch Q1. When one or more of the following outputs a low-level signal: the fault signal output terminal ALOUT of the analog front-end chip 104, the clear signal output terminal CLR of the microcontroller unit 106, and the charging signal output terminal CHG of the analog front-end chip 104, the first flip-flop 1102 can be reset, thereby controlling the charging switch Q1 to be turned off, thus improving the reliability of the control circuit 100 of the energy storage device.

[0139] Similarly, the third AND gate 116 can perform an AND operation on the level signals output by the fault signal output terminal ALOUT of the analog front-end chip 104, the clear signal output terminal CLR of the microcontroller unit 106, and the discharge signal output terminal DSG of the analog front-end chip 104, and output the level signal after the AND operation. At this time, the second flip-flop 1104 determines whether to reset based on the level signal output by the output terminal of the third AND gate 116, thereby controlling the level signal output by the output terminal of the second flip-flop 1104.

[0140] In this process, the second flip-flop 1104 can be used to indirectly control the discharge switch Q2. When one or more of the following outputs a low-level signal: the fault signal output terminal ALOUT of the analog front-end chip 104, the clear signal output terminal CLR of the microcontroller unit 106, and the discharge signal output terminal DSG of the analog front-end chip 104, the second flip-flop 1104 can be reset, thereby controlling the discharge switch Q2 to be turned off, thus improving the reliability of the control circuit 100 of the energy storage device.

[0141] In some embodiments, optionally, based on the high-level signal output of the charging signal output terminal CHG of the analog front-end chip 104 and the charging signal output terminal CHG of the microcontroller 106, the first sub-AND gate 1082 outputs a high-level signal, and the first driving circuit 1122 responds to the high-level signal to drive the charging switch Q1 to turn on; based on the high-level signal output of the discharging signal output terminal DSG of the analog front-end chip 104 and the discharging signal output terminal DSG of the microcontroller 106, the second sub-AND gate 1084 outputs a high-level signal, and the second driving circuit 1124 responds to the high-level signal to drive the discharging switch Q2 to turn on.

[0142] In some embodiments, optionally, based on one or both of the charging signal output terminal CHG of the analog front-end chip 104 and the charging signal output terminal CHG of the microcontroller 106 outputting low-level signals, the first sub-AND gate 1082 outputs a low-level signal, and the first driving circuit 1122 responds to the low-level signal by driving the charging switch Q1 to turn off; based on one or both of the discharging signal output terminal DSG of the analog front-end chip 104 and the discharging signal output terminal DSG of the microcontroller 106 outputting low-level signals, the second sub-AND gate 1084 outputs a low-level signal, and the second driving circuit 1124 responds to the low-level signal by driving the discharging switch Q2 to turn off.

[0143] In this embodiment, the charging switch Q1 and the discharging switch Q2 can be turned on when the analog front-end chip 104 and the microcontroller unit 106 output the same high-level signal, and when one or both of the analog front-end chip 104 and the microcontroller unit 106 output a low-level signal, the charging switch Q1 and the discharging switch Q2 can be turned off. This allows the turning on and off of the charging switch Q1 to be simultaneously controlled by the analog front-end chip 104 and the microcontroller unit 106. Compared with the scheme of using a single chip for control, this improves the reliability of the control circuit 100 of the energy storage device.

[0144] In some embodiments, optionally, based on one or more of the fault signal output terminal ALOUT of the analog front-end chip 104, the charging signal output terminal CHG of the analog front-end chip 104, and the clear signal output terminal CLR of the microcontroller unit 106, the output terminal of the second AND gate 114 outputs a low-level signal, and the first flip-flop 1102 responds to the low-level signal and drives the charging switch Q1 to turn off through the first driving circuit 1122; based on one or more of the fault signal output terminal ALOUT of the analog front-end chip 104, the discharging signal output terminal DSG of the analog front-end chip 104, and the clear signal output terminal CLR of the microcontroller unit 106, the output terminal of the third AND gate 116 outputs a low-level signal, and the second flip-flop 1104 responds to the low-level signal and drives the discharging switch Q2 to turn off through the second driving circuit 1124.

[0145] In this embodiment, the first trigger 1102 can be used to indirectly control the charging switch Q1. When one or more of the following output a low-level signal: the fault signal output terminal ALOUT of the analog front-end chip 104, the clear signal output terminal CLR of the microcontroller unit 106, and the charging signal output terminal CHG of the analog front-end chip 104, the first trigger 1102 can be reset, thereby controlling the charging switch Q1 to be turned off, thereby improving the reliability of the control circuit 100 of the energy storage device.

[0146] Similarly, the second flip-flop 1104 can be used to indirectly control the discharge switch Q2. When one or more of the following output a low-level signal: the fault signal output terminal ALOUT of the analog front-end chip 104, the clear signal output terminal CLR of the microcontroller unit 106, and the discharge signal output terminal DSG of the analog front-end chip 104, the second flip-flop 1104 can be reset, thereby controlling the discharge switch Q2 to be turned off, thus improving the reliability of the control circuit 100 of the energy storage device.

[0147] In some embodiments, optionally, the battery 202 includes a battery Cn, and the microcontroller 106 is configured to: if the battery state parameters, the temperature value of the switching transistor 102, the ambient temperature value, and the output voltage of the battery 202 are all within the corresponding protection threshold range, the charging signal output terminal CHG and the discharging signal output terminal DSG of the microcontroller 106 output high-level signals and send a first signal to the analog front-end chip 104; otherwise, output a low-level signal. The battery state parameters are state parameters acquired by the analog front-end chip 104 from the battery. The analog front-end chip 104 is configured to: upon receiving the first signal, if the battery state parameters are within the corresponding protection threshold range, the charging signal output terminal CHG and the discharging signal output terminal DSG of the analog front-end chip 104 output high-level signals; otherwise, output a low-level signal. The battery state parameters include at least one of the following: battery voltage value, battery current value, and battery temperature value.

[0148] In this embodiment, the microcontroller unit 106 can obtain battery status parameters from the analog front-end chip 104. After obtaining the battery status parameters, it compares the battery status parameters, the temperature value of the switch transistor 102, the ambient temperature value, and the output voltage of the battery 202 with the corresponding protection threshold ranges. If the battery status parameters, the temperature value of the switch transistor 102, the ambient temperature value, and the output voltage of the battery 202 are all within the corresponding protection threshold ranges, the current state of the energy storage device 200 is considered to be normal. At this time, the charging signal output terminal CHG and the discharging signal output terminal DSG of the microcontroller unit 106 output high-level signals to control the charging switch transistor Q1 and the discharging switch transistor Q2 to be turned on. At the same time, it outputs a first signal to inform the analog front-end chip 104 that a high-level signal needs to be output.

[0149] Upon receiving the first signal, the analog front-end chip 104 compares the battery state parameters with the corresponding protection threshold range. If the battery state parameters fall within the corresponding protection threshold range, it outputs a high-level signal. During this process, the microcontroller unit 106 and the analog front-end chip 104 respectively detect the current state of the energy storage device 200 and the state of the battery 202, thereby ensuring the reliability of the opening and closing of the charging switch Q1 and the discharging switch Q2.

[0150] In some embodiments, optionally, the microcontroller unit 106 is configured to: during the charging and discharging process of the battery 202, if an alarm signal and / or communication abnormality are detected, acquire battery status parameters, the temperature value of the switching transistor, the ambient temperature value, and the output voltage of the battery 202; if at least one of the battery status parameters, the temperature value of the switching transistor, the ambient temperature value, and the output voltage of the battery 202 is not within the corresponding protection threshold range, control at least one of the clear signal output terminal CLR, the charging signal output terminal CHG, and the discharging signal output terminal DSG of the microcontroller unit 106 to output a low-level signal.

[0151] In this embodiment, if an alarm signal and / or communication abnormality are detected during the charging and discharging process of the battery 202, it is considered that an abnormality has occurred during the charging and discharging process of the battery 202. At this time, the battery status parameters, the temperature value of the switching transistor, the ambient temperature value, and the output voltage of the battery 202 are acquired so as to verify whether there is an abnormality based on the battery status parameters, the temperature value of the switching transistor, the ambient temperature value, and the output voltage of the battery 202.

[0152] Specifically, if at least one of the battery status parameters, the temperature value of the switching transistor, the ambient temperature value, and the output voltage of the battery 202 is not within the corresponding protection threshold range, it is considered that there is an abnormality in the charging and discharging of the battery 202. At this time, at least one of the clear signal output terminal CLR, the charging signal output terminal CHG, and the discharging signal output terminal DSG of the drive microcontroller 106 outputs a low-level signal to end the charging and discharging of the battery 202, thereby ensuring the reliability of the energy storage device.

[0153] In some embodiments, the alarm signal may optionally include at least one of the following: battery overvoltage alarm signal, battery undervoltage alarm signal, battery overtemperature alarm signal, equalization temperature overtemperature alarm signal, charge / discharge current overcurrent alarm signal, voltage difference alarm signal, and switching transistor overtemperature alarm signal.

[0154] Among them, the battery overvoltage alarm signal is an alarm signal generated when the battery overvoltage value exceeds the upper limit of the protection threshold range; the battery undervoltage alarm signal is an alarm signal generated when the battery overvoltage value is lower than the lower limit of the protection threshold range; the battery temperature overheat alarm signal is an alarm signal generated when the battery temperature exceeds the upper limit of the protection threshold range; the equalization temperature overheat alarm signal is an alarm signal generated when the temperature difference between batteries exceeds the upper limit of the protection threshold range; the charge / discharge current overcurrent alarm signal is an alarm signal generated when the charge / discharge current exceeds the upper limit of the protection threshold range during the charge / discharge process; the voltage difference alarm signal is an alarm signal generated when the voltage difference between batteries exceeds the upper limit of the protection threshold range; and the switching transistor temperature overheat alarm signal is an alarm signal generated when the temperature of the switching transistor exceeds the upper limit of the protection threshold range.

[0155] Among them, a communication anomaly can be a communication interruption between the microcontroller unit 106 and the analog front-end chip 104.

[0156] In some embodiments, optionally, the battery 202 includes a battery, and the microcontroller 106 is configured to: if the battery state parameters, the temperature value of the switching transistor, the ambient temperature value, and the output voltage of the battery 202 are all within the corresponding protection threshold range, the charging signal output terminal CHG, the discharging signal output terminal DSG, and the clear signal output terminal CLR of the microcontroller 106 output high-level signals and send a first signal to the analog front-end chip 104; otherwise, control at least one of the charging signal output terminal CHG, the discharging signal output terminal DSG, and the clear signal output terminal CLR of the microcontroller 106 to output a low-level signal, wherein the battery state parameters are analog front-end... Chip 104 collects the state parameters of the battery; the analog front-end chip 104 is used to: upon receiving a first signal, if the battery state parameters are within the corresponding protection threshold range, the charging signal output terminal CHG, the discharging signal output terminal DSG, and the fault signal output terminal ALOUT of the analog front-end chip 104 output a high-level signal; otherwise, control at least one of the charging signal output terminal CHG, the discharging signal output terminal DSG, and the fault signal output terminal ALOUT of the analog front-end chip 104 to output a low-level signal; wherein, the battery state parameters include at least one of the following: battery voltage value, battery current value, and battery temperature value.

[0157] During this process, the microcontroller unit 106 and the analog front-end chip 104 will detect the current state of the energy storage device and the state of the battery 202 respectively, thereby ensuring the reliability of the opening and closing of the charging switch and the discharging switch.

[0158] In some embodiments, optionally, the microcontroller unit 106 is configured to: during the charging and discharging process of the battery 202, if an alarm signal and / or communication abnormality are detected, acquire battery status parameters, the temperature value of the switching transistor, the ambient temperature value, and the output voltage of the battery 202; if at least one of the battery status parameters, the temperature value of the switching transistor, the ambient temperature value, and the output voltage of the battery 202 is not within the corresponding protection threshold range, at least one of the clear signal output terminal CLR, the charging signal output terminal CHG, and the discharging signal output terminal DSG of the microcontroller unit 106 outputs a low-level signal.

[0159] In this embodiment, if an alarm signal and / or communication abnormality are detected during the charging and discharging process of the battery 202, it is considered that an abnormality has occurred during the charging and discharging process of the battery 202. At this time, the battery status parameters, the temperature value of the switching transistor, the ambient temperature value, and the output voltage of the battery 202 are acquired so as to verify whether there is an abnormality based on the battery status parameters, the temperature value of the switching transistor, the ambient temperature value, and the output voltage of the battery 202.

[0160] Specifically, if at least one of the battery status parameters, the temperature value of the switching transistor, the ambient temperature value, and the output voltage of the battery 202 is not within the corresponding protection threshold range, it is considered that there is an abnormality in the charging and discharging of the battery 202. At this time, at least one of the clear signal output terminal CLR, the charging signal output terminal CHG, and the discharging signal output terminal DSG of the drive microcontroller 106 outputs a low-level signal to end the charging and discharging of the battery 202, thereby ensuring the reliability of the energy storage device.

[0161] In some embodiments, the microcontroller 106 may optionally include a fault signal input terminal ALIN, which is connected to a fault signal output terminal ALOUT. The analog front-end chip 104 is further configured to: during the charging and discharging process of the battery 202, if the battery state parameters are not in the corresponding protection threshold range and / or a short circuit is detected in the battery, output a low-level signal at the fault signal output terminal ALOUT and transmit the low-level signal to the microcontroller 106; the microcontroller 106 is further configured to: if the fault signal input terminal ALIN receives a low-level signal, control at least one of the clear signal output terminal CLR, the charging signal output terminal CHG, and the discharging signal output terminal DSG of the microcontroller 106 to output a low-level signal.

[0162] In this embodiment, the analog front-end chip 104 determines the state of the battery 202 by judging the battery state parameters, and feeds back the state of the battery 202 to the microcontroller unit 106 through the connection relationship between the fault signal input terminal ALIN and the fault signal output terminal ALOUT, so that the microcontroller unit 106 can determine the level signals output by the clear signal output terminal CLR, the charging signal output terminal CHG, and the discharging signal output terminal DSG of the microcontroller unit 106.

[0163] During this process, when the analog front-end chip 104 detects an abnormality in the battery 202, it can promptly control the charging switch Q1 and the discharging switch Q2 to be turned off, thereby reducing the probability of damage to the charging switch Q1 and the discharging switch Q2 and improving the reliability of the control circuit 100 of the energy storage device.

[0164] In some embodiments, optionally, the existence of a discharge short circuit in battery 202 can be understood as the positive output terminal PACK+ and the negative output terminal PACK- being short-circuited during the discharge process of battery 202.

[0165] In some embodiments, the microcontroller unit 106 is optionally used to transmit configuration parameters to the analog front-end chip 104; wherein, upon receiving the configuration parameters, the analog front-end chip 104 configures the protection threshold range corresponding to the battery state parameters based on the configuration parameters.

[0166] In this embodiment, the microcontroller unit 106 can be used to configure the protection threshold range used in the analog front-end chip 104. During this process, the user can configure the analog front-end chip 104 while configuring the microcontroller unit 106, thereby improving the configuration efficiency of the control circuit 100 of the energy storage device. In some embodiments, the configuration parameters include the protection threshold range corresponding to the battery state parameters.

[0167] In some embodiments, the microcontroller unit 106 may optionally be connected to the analog front-end chip 104 via an I2C bus, a universal asynchronous transceiver, or a serial peripheral interface.

[0168] The I2C (Inter-Integrated Circuit) bus is a simple, bidirectional, two-wire synchronous serial bus. It requires only two wires to transmit information between devices connected to the bus.

[0169] Among them, the Universal Asynchronous Receiver / Transmitter (20P241479UART) is a universal serial data bus.

[0170] Among them, the Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) is a synchronous peripheral interface.

[0171] Specifically, for the analog front-end chip 104, the microcontroller unit 106 first configures protection parameters for the analog front-end chip 104. These protection parameters are also the protection threshold ranges corresponding to the battery state parameters in this application. The protection parameters are used for battery overvoltage protection, undervoltage protection, battery overtemperature protection, charge / discharge overcurrent protection, and battery short-circuit protection. The configuration parameters also include the switching control configuration of the switching transistor 102 and fault alarm parameters. When the battery 202 is powered on, the analog front-end chip 104 and the microcontroller 106 complete the configuration initialization. When the microcontroller 106 detects that the system function is normal, the microcontroller 106 sends a first signal to the analog front-end chip 104, requesting the switch 102 to close and power on. When the analog front-end chip 104 receives the command from the microcontroller 106, it will collect data according to the parameters configured in the analog front-end chip 104 to judge. If the data collected by the analog front-end chip 104 is normal, the analog front-end chip 104 outputs a high-level signal to the first AND gate 108. Then, the first AND gate 108 outputs a high-level signal to control the input signal of the flip-flop 110. At this time, the microcontroller 106 outputs a rising edge level signal through the clock input port of the flip-flop 110, and the flip-flop 110 will output a high-level signal to control the drive circuit 112, so that the charging switch Q1 and the discharging switch Q2 are turned on.

[0172] For the microcontroller unit 106, after the battery 202 is powered on, and the microcontroller unit 106 initializes and its detection function is normal, the microcontroller unit 106 establishes communication with the analog front-end chip 104. The analog front-end chip 104 collects the battery voltage, battery current, and battery temperature values ​​and sends these parameters to the microcontroller unit 106. The microcontroller unit 106 analyzes the data to determine whether the data is normal. The microcontroller unit 106 uses the battery voltage, battery current, and battery temperature values ​​sampled and sent by the analog front-end chip 104, as well as the switching transistor values ​​sampled by the microcontroller unit 106 itself. The temperature value of 102, the ambient temperature value, and the output voltage of battery 202 are used to determine whether the power-on is normal. If the data sampled by microcontroller 106 is detected to be normal, microcontroller 106 outputs a high-level signal to first AND gate 108. Then, first AND gate 108 outputs a high-level signal to control the input signal of flip-flop 110. At the same time, microcontroller 106 outputs a rising edge level signal through the clock input port of flip-flop 110, and flip-flop 110 will output a high-level signal to control drive circuit 112, so that charging switch Q1 and discharging switch Q2 are turned on.

[0173] In this embodiment, the microcontroller unit 106 and the analog front-end chip 104 simultaneously output high-level signals as input signals to the first AND gate 108, which together determine that the first AND gate 108 outputs a high-level signal, so that the switch 102 can be turned on, thereby realizing the dual-drive control of the switch 102 to turn on.

[0174] For the analog front-end chip 104, during the charging and discharging process of battery 202, if the battery status parameters are not within the corresponding protection threshold range, such as the battery voltage exceeding the permanent overvoltage threshold, the battery voltage falling below the permanent undervoltage threshold, the discharge current exceeding the overload current, the battery temperature exceeding the permanent failure temperature threshold, or the battery 202 failing due to a short circuit during discharge, the fault signal output terminal ALOUT outputs a low-level signal, and the second AND gate 114 and the third AND gate 116 will output low-level signals, causing the reset port CL of the trigger 110 to be triggered. The trigger 110 outputs a low-level signal to control the drive circuit 112, causing the charging switch Q1 and the discharging switch Q2 to be turned off.

[0175] The low-level signal output by the fault signal output terminal ALOUT can be understood as the alarm signal ALERT.

[0176] For the microcontroller 106, when the battery 202 is charging or discharging, if any of the following alarms occur: battery overvoltage level 2 alarm, undervoltage level 2 alarm, battery temperature over-temperature level 2 alarm, equalization temperature over-temperature alarm, charging / discharging current level 2 overcurrent alarm, voltage difference level 2 alarm, switching transistor 102 over-temperature alarm, or communication abnormality, the microcontroller 106 will compare the sampled battery status parameters of the battery 202, the temperature value of the switching transistor 102, the ambient temperature value, and the output voltage of the battery 202 with the protection thresholds set by the microcontroller 106. That is, if the battery status parameters, the temperature value of the switching transistor 102, the ambient temperature value, and the output voltage of the battery 202 are compared with their respective protection threshold ranges, and if one or more of these parameters are not within their corresponding protection threshold ranges, the clear signal output terminal CLR of the microcontroller 106 will output a low-level signal, which, under the action of the trigger 110, will control the switching transistor 102 and the discharge switch Q2 to turn off.

[0177] Alternatively, if one or more of the battery status parameters, the temperature value of the switch transistor 102, the ambient temperature value, and the output voltage of the battery 202 are not within the corresponding protection threshold range, the microcontroller unit 106 outputs a low-level signal to the first AND gate 108, and controls the trigger 110 to output a rising edge level signal, controlling the switch transistor 102 and the discharge switch transistor Q2 to turn off.

[0178] In some embodiments, since the analog front-end chip 104 has high battery voltage sampling accuracy and uses 24-bit high-precision sampling for internal analog-to-digital conversion, the battery voltage sampling error is controlled within 5mV. The 22P241479 can enable protection or control to have higher accuracy. At the same time, the analog front-end chip 104 uses 32-bit high-precision current sampling, which can realize configurable hardware overcurrent protection parameters.

[0179] In some embodiments, in terms of protection strategy, fault protection prioritizes the microcontroller 106. When the fault protection strategy of the microcontroller 106 fails, the hardware protection of the simulated front-end chip 104 serves as the last line of defense for the fault protection of the battery 202, so as to protect the safety of the battery 202.

[0180] The microcontroller unit 106 collects the battery voltage, current, and temperature values ​​of the battery 202, and implements communication logic for external devices, parallel connection between batteries 202, and energy scheduling management functions. When the battery 202 experiences a Level 2 overvoltage alarm, a Level 2 undervoltage alarm, a Level 2 overtemperature alarm, an overtemperature alarm for equalization temperature, a Level 2 overcurrent alarm for charging / discharging current, a Level 2 voltage difference alarm, an overtemperature alarm for the switching transistor 102, or a communication abnormality, the microcontroller unit 106 is used first for fault protection.

[0181] In energy storage devices, switching transistors are typically used to control charging and discharging.

[0182] In the event of a fault in the switching transistor or a fault in the drive circuit used to turn the switching transistor on and off, the energy storage device cannot detect the fault and continues to charge and discharge, which poses a risk of overcharging and over-discharging.

[0183] The existence of the aforementioned risks affects the reliability of energy storage equipment.

[0184] In one embodiment of this application, as shown in Figures 5, 6, 7, and 10, a control circuit 100 for an energy storage device is provided. The energy storage device 200 includes a battery 202, a positive output terminal PACK+, and a negative output terminal PACK-. The positive output terminal PACK+ is connected to the positive terminal of the battery 202. The positive output terminal PACK+ and the negative output terminal PACK- are used to output the supply voltage. The control circuit 100 for the energy storage device includes: a switching transistor 102, which is connected to the negative output terminal PACK- and the negative terminal of the battery 202; an analog front-end chip 104; a microcontroller unit 106; a first AND gate 108, whose first input terminal is connected to the analog front-end chip 104 and whose second input terminal is connected to the microcontroller unit 106; and a trigger 110, whose input terminal is connected to the output terminal of the first AND gate 108. The driving circuit 112 has its input terminal connected to the output terminal of the trigger 110, and its output terminal connected to the control terminal of the switching transistor 102. Either the analog front-end chip 104 or the microcontroller unit 106 is used to determine the anomaly detection result based on a first comparison result and / or a second comparison result. The first comparison result is a comparison between the first power supply voltage and a first preset voltage, and the second comparison result is a comparison between the driving voltage and a second preset voltage. The first power supply voltage and the driving voltage are the power supply voltage and the voltage value at the output terminal of the driving circuit 112, respectively, when the analog front-end chip 104 and the microcontroller unit 106 output level signals. The first preset voltage and the second preset voltage are the power supply voltage and the voltage value at the output terminal of the driving circuit 112, respectively, when the driving circuit 112 and the switching transistor 102 are fault-free.

[0185] This application discloses a control circuit 100 for an energy storage device. The control circuit 100 includes a switching transistor 102, an analog front-end chip 104, a microcontroller unit 106, a first AND gate 108, and a drive circuit 112. The analog front-end chip 104 and the microcontroller unit 106 are connected to the first and second input terminals of the first AND gate 108, respectively, to input level signals to these terminals. When it is necessary to control the switching transistor 102 to turn on or off, the analog front-end chip 104 and the microcontroller unit 106 output level signals to the first AND gate 108. At this time, the drive voltage and the first supply voltage are acquired and compared with the supply voltage when the drive circuit 112 and the switching transistor 102 are functioning correctly, and the voltage value at the output terminal of the drive circuit 112, respectively, to determine whether the drive circuit 112 and the switching transistor 102 are faulty. During this process, the analog front-end chip 104 and the microcontroller unit 106 can perform fault detection respectively. If one chip is damaged, the other chip can be used for fault detection, which improves reliability and reduces the risk of overcharging and over-discharging of the battery 202.

[0186] Specifically, as can be seen from the control logic of the first AND gate 108, the first AND gate 108 can only output a high-level signal when both the first input terminal and the second input terminal are simultaneously input with a high-level signal. When one of the first input terminal and the second input terminal is input with a high-level signal and the other is input with a low-level signal, or when both the first input terminal and the second input terminal are simultaneously input with a low-level signal, the first AND gate 108 outputs a low-level signal.

[0187] The on / off state of switch 102 is determined by analog front-end chip 104 and microcontroller 106 respectively. When switch 102 needs to be turned on, analog front-end chip 104 and microcontroller 106 will simultaneously output a high-level signal to first AND gate 108. At this time, the output of first AND gate 108 will output a high-level signal, and drive circuit 112 will drive switch 102 to turn on in response to the high-level signal. Conversely, when switch 102 needs to be turned off, one or both of analog front-end chip 104 and microcontroller 106 will simultaneously output a low-level signal to first AND gate 108. At this time, the output of first AND gate 108 will output a low-level signal, and drive circuit 112 will drive switch 102 to turn off in response to the low-level signal.

[0188] When the drive circuit 112 is fault-free, it will correctly respond to the high-level and low-level signals output by the output terminal of the first AND gate 108. Similarly, when the switch 102 is fault-free, it will also correctly respond to the drive voltage output by the drive circuit 112. Based on this, the supply voltage of the drive circuit 112 and the switch 102 when they are fault-free, as well as the voltage value at the output terminal of the drive circuit 112, namely the first preset voltage and the second preset voltage, are obtained so as to determine the abnormal detection result based on the comparison results of the first preset voltage and the second preset voltage with the first supply voltage and the drive voltage, respectively.

[0189] In some embodiments, the analog front-end chip 104 is also known as an analog front-end (AFE) chip.

[0190] In this embodiment, when the microcontroller 106 and / or the analog front-end chip 104 make a misjudgment, the switch 102 will frequently turn on and off. The set trigger can eliminate the impact of the misjudgment caused by the microcontroller 106 and / or the analog front-end chip 104, thereby improving the stability of the control circuit 100 of the energy storage device.

[0191] In some embodiments, optionally, the switching transistor 102 includes a charging switching transistor Q1, the first AND gate 108 includes a first sub-AND gate 1082, the flip-flop 110 includes a first flip-flop 1102, the driving circuit 112 includes a first driving circuit 1122, the first input terminal of the first sub-AND gate 1082 is connected to the charging signal output terminal of the analog front-end chip 104, the second input terminal of the first sub-AND gate 1082 is connected to the charging signal output terminal of the microcontroller unit 106, the output terminal of the first sub-AND gate 1082 is connected to the input terminal of the first flip-flop 1102, the output terminal of the first flip-flop 1102 is connected to the input terminal of the first driving circuit 1122, the output terminal of the first driving circuit 1122 is connected to the control terminal of the charging switching transistor Q1, and the clock input terminal of the first flip-flop 1102 is connected to the microcontroller unit 106. 06 connection; and / or the switching transistor 102 includes a discharge switching transistor Q2, the first AND gate 108 includes a second sub-AND gate 1084, the flip-flop 110 includes a second flip-flop 1104, the driving circuit 112 includes a second driving circuit 1124, the first input terminal of the second sub-AND gate 1084 is connected to the discharge signal output terminal of the analog front-end chip 104, the second input terminal of the second sub-AND gate 1084 is connected to the discharge signal output terminal of the microcontroller unit 106, the output terminal of the second sub-AND gate 1084 is connected to the input terminal of the second flip-flop 1104, the output terminal of the second flip-flop 1104 is connected to the input terminal of the second driving circuit 1124, the output terminal of the second driving circuit 1124 is connected to the control terminal of the discharge switching transistor Q2, and the clock input terminal of the second flip-flop 1104 is connected to the microcontroller unit 106.

[0192] In this embodiment, the switch 102 may include a charging switch Q1, a discharging switch Q2, or both a charging switch Q1 and a discharging switch Q2.

[0193] The first AND gate 108 can be selected from the charging switch Q1 and the discharging switch Q2, and includes a first sub-AND gate 1082 and a second sub-AND gate 1084. At the same time, the driving circuit 112 also includes a first driving circuit 1122 and a second driving circuit 1124.

[0194] Specifically, when the switching transistor 102 includes the charging switching transistor Q1, the first supply voltage and the driving voltage are the supply voltage and the voltage value at the output terminal of the first driving circuit 1122 when the analog front-end chip 104 and the microcontroller unit 106 output level signals, respectively.

[0195] Specifically, when the switching transistor 102 includes the discharge switching transistor Q2, the first supply voltage and the driving voltage are the supply voltage and the voltage value at the output terminal of the second driving circuit 1124, respectively, when the analog front-end chip 104 and the microcontroller unit 106 output level signals.

[0196] Specifically, when the switching transistor 102 includes a discharge switching transistor Q2 and a charging switching transistor Q1, the first supply voltage includes a first sub-supply voltage and a second sub-supply voltage, and the driving voltage includes a first sub-driving voltage and a second sub-driving voltage. The first sub-supply voltage and the first sub-driving voltage are respectively the supply voltage when simulating the output level signals of the front-end chip 104 and the microcontroller unit 106, and the voltage value at the output terminal of the first driving circuit 1122. The second sub-supply voltage and the second sub-driving voltage are respectively the supply voltage when simulating the output level signals of the front-end chip 104 and the microcontroller unit 106, and the voltage value at the output terminal of the second driving circuit 1124.

[0197] During this process, fault detection can be performed on different switching transistors 102 and different driving circuits 112.

[0198] In one embodiment, the discharge switch Q2 and the charge switch Q1 are metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors (MOSFETs), and the driving voltage is the voltage between the gate and source of the MOSFET.

[0199] In some embodiments, the first trigger 1102 and the second trigger 1104 may optionally be D triggers.

[0200] Among them, after the microcontroller unit 106 is powered on and initialized, it initializes the analog front-end chip 104 and configures the control logic function of the analog front-end chip 104, configuring separate battery voltage fault protection, short circuit current fault protection, and battery temperature fault protection.

[0201] The microcontroller unit 106 can detect whether the switch 102 is open or short-circuited.

[0202] Specifically, for the detection of open circuit in switch 102, microcontroller 106 controls the first drive circuit 1122 or the second drive circuit 1124 to output a high-level signal. Microcontroller 106 controls the clock input of the D flip-flop to output a rising edge signal. The output signal Q of the D flip-flop will output a high-level signal to control the first drive circuit 1122 or the second drive circuit 1124 to turn on. At this time, the output voltage of the first drive circuit 1122 or the second drive circuit 1124 can be detected to determine whether the first drive circuit 1122 or the second drive circuit 1124 is working normally. After switch 102 is turned on, the presence of voltage in PACK+ and PACK- is used to detect whether switch 102 is effectively closed, thereby determining whether switch 102 has an open circuit fault.

[0203] Specifically, for the detection of a short circuit in the switching transistor 102, the microcontroller unit 106 controls the first driving circuit 1122 or the second driving circuit 1124 to output a low-level signal. The microcontroller unit 106 controls the clock input of the D flip-flop to output a rising edge signal. The output signal Q of the D flip-flop will output a low-level signal to control the first driving circuit 1122 or the second driving circuit 1124 to disconnect. At this time, the output voltage of the first driving circuit 1122 or the second driving circuit 1124 can be detected to determine whether the first driving circuit 1122 or the second driving circuit 1124 is working normally. Secondly, the presence of voltage in PACK+ and PACK- is used to detect whether the switching transistor 102 is effectively closed, thereby determining whether the switching transistor 102 has a short circuit fault.

[0204] The analog front-end chip 104 can detect whether the switch 102 is open or short-circuited.

[0205] Specifically, for the detection of open circuit in switch 102, analog front-end chip 104 controls the first driving circuit 1122 or the second driving circuit 1124 to output a high-level signal, and microcontroller unit 106 controls the clock input of D flip-flop to output a rising edge signal. The output signal Q of D flip-flop will output a high-level signal to control the first driving circuit 1122 or the second driving circuit 1124 to turn on. At this time, the output voltage of the first driving circuit 1122 or the second driving circuit 1124 can be detected to determine whether the first driving circuit 1122 or the second driving circuit 1124 is working normally. After switch 102 is turned on, the presence of voltage in PACK+ and PACK- is used to detect whether switch 102 is effectively closed, thereby determining whether switch 102 has an open circuit fault.

[0206] Specifically, for the detection of a short circuit in the switching transistor 102, the analog front-end chip 104 controls the first driving circuit 1122 or the second driving circuit 1124 to output a low-level signal, and the microcontroller unit 106 controls the clock input of the D flip-flop to output a rising edge signal. The output signal Q of the D flip-flop will output a low-level signal to control the first driving circuit 1122 or the second driving circuit 1124 to disconnect. At this time, the output voltage of the first driving circuit 1122 or the second driving circuit 1124 can be detected to determine whether the first driving circuit 1122 or the second driving circuit 1124 is working normally. Secondly, the presence of voltage in PACK+ and PACK- is used to detect whether the switching transistor 102 is effectively closed, thereby determining whether the switching transistor 102 has a short circuit fault.

[0207] In some embodiments, the control circuit 100 of the energy storage device may optionally include: a first comparison circuit 114, the first terminal of which is connected to the control terminal of the charging switch Q1, the second terminal of which is used to input a second preset voltage, and the third terminal of which is connected to the microcontroller unit 106; and / or a second comparison circuit 116, the first terminal of which is connected to the control terminal of the discharging switch Q2, the second terminal of which is used to input a second preset voltage, and the third terminal of which is connected to the microcontroller unit 106.

[0208] In this embodiment, the microcontroller unit 106 uses the first comparison circuit 114 and the second comparison circuit 116 to obtain the second comparison result. In this process, the first comparison circuit 114 and the second comparison circuit 116 are hardware, which can quickly obtain the comparison result, so that the control circuit 100 of the energy storage device has a fast response capability.

[0209] In some embodiments, optionally, the first comparison circuit 114 includes: a first resistor R1, the first end of which is connected to the control terminal of the charging switch Q1; a second resistor R2, the first end of which is connected to the second end of the first resistor R1, and the second end of the second resistor R2 is grounded; a first comparator B1, the first input terminal of which is connected to the first end of the second resistor R2, the second input terminal of which is used to input a voltage signal corresponding to a second preset voltage, and the output terminal of which is connected to the microcontroller unit 106; and / or the second comparison circuit 116 includes: a third resistor R3, the first end of which is connected to the control terminal of the discharging switch Q2; a fourth resistor R4, the first end of which is connected to the second end of the third resistor R3, and the second end of which is grounded; a second comparator B2, the first input terminal of which is connected to the first end of the fourth resistor R4, the second input terminal of which is used to input a voltage signal corresponding to a second preset voltage, and the output terminal of which is connected to the microcontroller unit 106.

[0210] In the above embodiment, the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2 form a voltage divider circuit. Since the first end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the control terminal of the charging switch Q1, and the second end of the second resistor R2 is connected to the negative output terminal PACK-, the voltage at the control terminal of the charging switch Q1, which is the driving voltage in this application, can form a voltage divider across the series-connected first resistor R1 and second resistor R2. At this time, the voltage at the first end of the second resistor R2 can characterize the driving voltage. The first input terminal of the first comparator B1 is connected to the first end of the second resistor R2, and the second input terminal of the first comparator B1 is used to input the voltage signal Vref corresponding to the second preset voltage. Therefore, the first comparator B1 can be used to compare the voltage signal corresponding to the second preset voltage and the voltage at the first end of the second resistor R2 to obtain the second comparison result.

[0211] Similarly, the third resistor R3 and the fourth resistor R4 form a voltage divider circuit. Since the first end of the third resistor R3 is connected to the control terminal of the discharge switch Q2, and the second end of the fourth resistor R4 is connected to the negative output terminal PACK-, the voltage at the control terminal of the discharge switch Q2, which is the driving voltage in this application, can form a voltage divider across the series-connected third resistor R3 and fourth resistor R4. At this time, the voltage at the first end of the fourth resistor R4 can represent the driving voltage. The first input terminal of the second comparator B2 is connected to the first end of the fourth resistor R4, and the second input terminal of the second comparator B2 is used to input the voltage signal corresponding to the second preset voltage. Therefore, the second comparator B2 can be used to compare the voltage signal corresponding to the second preset voltage with the voltage at the first end of the fourth resistor R4 to obtain the second comparison result.

[0212] In this process, even if at least one of the drive circuit 112 and the switching transistor 102 is faulty, the second comparison result can be obtained quickly, thereby timely detection of the fault.

[0213] In some embodiments, the control circuit 100 of the energy storage device may optionally include a sampling resistor RS, wherein the sampling resistor RS is connected in series between the charging switch Q1 and the negative terminal of the battery 202.

[0214] In some embodiments, the microcontroller unit 106 is optionally connected to the analog front-end chip 104 via a signal, and the microcontroller unit 106 is also used to output a first comparison result and a second comparison result to the analog front-end chip 104.

[0215] In this embodiment, by utilizing the signal connection between the microcontroller unit 106 and the analog front-end chip 104, the microcontroller unit 106 can output the first comparison result and the second comparison result to the analog front-end chip 104, so that the analog front-end chip 104 can perform fault diagnosis on the drive circuit 112 and the switching transistor 102.

[0216] During this process, the microcontroller unit 106 and the analog front-end chip 104 can independently perform fault diagnosis, which improves the reliability of the control circuit 100 of the energy storage device.

[0217] In some embodiments, the signal connection may be either a wired connection or a wireless connection.

[0218] For example, the microcontroller unit 106 is connected to the analog front-end chip 104 via an I2C bus, a universal asynchronous transceiver, or a serial peripheral interface.

[0219] The I2C (Inter-Integrated Circuit) bus is a simple, bidirectional, two-wire synchronous serial bus. It requires only two wires to transmit information between devices connected to the bus.

[0220] Among them, the Universal Asynchronous Receiver / Transmitter (UART) is a universal serial data bus.

[0221] Among them, the Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) is a synchronous peripheral interface.

[0222] In some embodiments, the control circuit 100 of the energy storage device may optionally include a fuse F located between the positive output terminal PACK+ and the positive terminal of the battery 202.

[0223] In this embodiment, by setting a fuse F, the connection between the positive output terminal PACK+ and the positive terminal of the battery 202 can be cut off when the discharge current or charging current of the battery 202 is too large, thereby protecting the battery 202 and improving the safety of the control circuit 100 of the energy storage device.

[0224] In some embodiments, the control circuit 100 of the energy storage device may optionally include: a first sampling wire L1, one end of which is connected to the positive output terminal PACK+, and the other end of which is connected to the microcontroller unit 106, for acquiring a first supply voltage; and / or a second sampling wire L2, one end of which is connected to the positive output terminal PACK+, and the other end of which is connected to the analog front-end chip 104, for acquiring the first supply voltage.

[0225] In this embodiment, by setting a first sampling wire L1 and a second sampling wire L2, the microcontroller unit 106 and the analog front-end chip 104 can sample voltage from the positive output terminal PACK+ to obtain the first supply voltage.

[0226] In the above embodiment, the microcontroller unit and the analog front-end chip exchange the first power supply voltage they collect to determine whether the energy storage device is normal.

[0227] In some embodiments, the first power supply voltage collected by the analog front-end chip 104 is compared with the first preset voltage to obtain a first comparison result.

[0228] In some embodiments, the control circuit 100 of the energy storage device further includes a first voltage sampling circuit 118 located on the first sampling wire L1 for acquiring the first supply voltage; and a second voltage sampling circuit 120 located on the second sampling wire L2 for acquiring the first supply voltage.

[0229] In some embodiments, optionally, the microcontroller unit 106 is specifically configured to: acquire the supply voltage and the voltage value at the output terminal of the drive circuit 112 when the microcontroller unit 106 outputs a high-level signal, so as to obtain a first supply voltage and a drive voltage, wherein the first supply voltage and the drive voltage are respectively the supply voltage and the voltage value at the output terminal of the drive circuit 112 when the analog front-end chip 104 and the microcontroller unit 106 output high-level signals, and the drive circuit 112 drives the switch 102 to conduct based on the high-level signal; if the drive voltage is less than a second preset voltage, determine that the drive circuit 112 is faulty; if the drive voltage is greater than or equal to the second preset voltage and the first supply voltage is less than the first preset voltage, determine that the switch 102 is open-circuit faulty.

[0230] In this embodiment, when the first power supply voltage and the driving voltage are respectively the power supply voltage of the analog front-end chip 104 and the microcontroller unit 106 outputting high-level signals and the voltage value at the output terminal of the driving circuit 112, the driving circuit 112 needs to drive the switch 102 to conduct so as to use the positive output terminal PACK+ and the negative output terminal PACK- of the energy storage device to output power.

[0231] If the driving voltage is less than the second preset voltage at this time, it is considered that the voltage output by the output terminal of the driving circuit 112 is insufficient. Obviously, the driving circuit 112 is faulty at this time. If the driving voltage is greater than or equal to the second preset voltage, it is considered that the driving circuit 112 is not faulty. However, if the first power supply voltage is less than the first preset voltage at this time, it is considered that the positive output terminal PACK+ and the negative output terminal PACK- of the energy storage device are not powered enough. Obviously, the switching transistor 102 is faulty at this time.

[0232] During this process, the microcontroller unit 106 can be used to detect faults in the drive circuit 112 and the switching transistor 102 during the charging and discharging of the energy storage device, thereby ensuring the reliability of the control circuit 100 of the energy storage device.

[0233] In some embodiments, the microcontroller unit 106 is optionally configured to: output alarm information if the drive circuit 112 fails, the alarm information being used to indicate the failure of the drive circuit 112; and perform a stop charging / discharging operation if the switching transistor 102 fails.

[0234] In this embodiment, if the drive circuit 112 fails, an alarm message is output to remind maintenance personnel to maintain the drive circuit 112 in a timely manner, thereby eliminating the fault and ensuring the reliability of the control circuit 100 of the energy storage device.

[0235] In some embodiments, alarm information includes one or more of sound information, light information, and text information.

[0236] For example, the sound information could be playing an audio message saying "drive circuit fault" or playing a fault tone to indicate a fault.

[0237] For example, the lighting information can be either controlling the indicator light used to indicate a driving circuit malfunction to flash intermittently, or controlling the indicator light used to indicate a driving circuit malfunction to remain constantly lit.

[0238] For example, the text information could be the text displaying "Drive circuit failure".

[0239] In the above embodiment, if the switch 102 fails, it is determined that the switch 102 can no longer be controlled. By performing the operation of stopping charging and discharging, the power supply from the energy storage device to the external device and the charging of the energy storage device by the external device are cut off, thereby reducing the risk of overcharging and over-discharging of the energy storage device.

[0240] In some embodiments, optionally, performing the operation to stop charging and discharging can be an operation to disconnect the fuse.

[0241] In one embodiment, taking a first preset voltage of 10 volts and a second preset voltage of 48 volts as an example, as shown in Figure 8, the control method executed by the microcontroller includes:

[0242] Step 402: Simulate the front-end chip and microcontroller unit to output a high level;

[0243] Step 404: Control the drive circuit;

[0244] Step 406: Output the detected drive voltage;

[0245] Step 408: If the driving voltage is greater than or equal to 10 volts, proceed to step 410 if the result is yes, and proceed to step 412 if the result is no.

[0246] Step 410: The switching transistor is turned on, and the drive voltage is normal;

[0247] Step 412: Identify drive circuit faults;

[0248] Step 414: If the voltage sample at the positive output terminal is greater than or equal to 48 volts, proceed to step 416 if the result is yes, and proceed to step 418 if the result is no.

[0249] Step 416: The drive circuit is normal and the switching transistor has no open circuit fault;

[0250] Step 418, open circuit fault in the switching transistor;

[0251] Step 420: Output a fault alarm.

[0252] The voltage sampling at the positive output terminal includes voltage sampling at the positive output terminal by the microcontroller unit 106 and voltage sampling at the positive output terminal by the analog front-end chip 104.

[0253] In some embodiments, optionally, the microcontroller unit 106 is specifically configured to: acquire a first supply voltage and a drive voltage, wherein the first supply voltage and the drive voltage are the supply voltage when one or both of the analog front-end chip 104 and the microcontroller unit 106 output a low-level signal and the voltage value at the output terminal of the drive circuit 112, respectively, and the drive circuit 112 drives the switch 102 to turn off based on the low-level signal; if the drive voltage is greater than or equal to a second preset voltage, determine that the drive circuit 112 is faulty; if the drive voltage is less than the second preset voltage and the first supply voltage is greater than or equal to the first preset voltage, determine that the switch 102 is short-circuited.

[0254] In this embodiment, when the first power supply voltage and the driving voltage are respectively the power supply voltage and the voltage value at the output terminal of the driving circuit 112 when one or both of the analog front-end chip 104 and the microcontroller unit 106 output low-level signals, the driving circuit 112 needs to drive the switch 102 to turn off in order to stop the power supply output of the positive output terminal PACK+ and the negative output terminal PACK- of the energy storage device.

[0255] If the driving voltage is greater than or equal to the second preset voltage at this time, it is considered that the driving circuit 112 still needs to control the switching transistor 102 to conduct. Obviously, the state of the switching transistor 102 at this time is inconsistent with the state desired by the user. Therefore, the driving circuit 112 has failed. If the driving voltage is less than the second preset voltage, it is considered that the driving circuit 112 is not faulty. However, if the first supply voltage is greater than or equal to the first preset voltage at this time, it is considered that the positive output terminal PACK+ and the negative output terminal PACK- of the energy storage device are still supplying power. Obviously, the switching transistor 102 is not turned off at this time. Therefore, it can be inferred that the switching transistor 102 is faulty.

[0256] During this process, after the energy storage device stops charging and discharging, the microcontroller unit 106 can be used to detect faults in the drive circuit 112 and the switching transistor 102, thereby ensuring the reliability of the control circuit 100 of the energy storage device.

[0257] In one embodiment, taking a first preset voltage of 10 volts and a second preset voltage of 48 volts as an example, as shown in Figure 9, the control method executed by the microcontroller includes:

[0258] Step 502: Simulate one or both of the front-end chip and the microcontroller to output a low level;

[0259] Step 504: Control the drive circuit;

[0260] Step 506: Output the detected drive voltage;

[0261] Step 508: If the driving voltage is greater than or equal to 10 volts, and the result is negative, proceed to step 510; if the result is positive, proceed to step 512.

[0262] Step 510: The switching transistor is turned off, and the drive voltage is normal.

[0263] Step 512: Identify drive circuit faults;

[0264] Step 514: If the voltage sample at the positive output terminal is greater than or equal to 48 volts, proceed to step 516 if the result is yes, and proceed to step 518 if the result is no.

[0265] Step 516, short circuit fault in the switching transistor;

[0266] Step 518: The drive circuit is normal and the switching transistor has no open circuit fault.

[0267] Step 520: Output fault alarm.

[0268] The voltage sampling at the positive output terminal includes voltage sampling at the positive output terminal by the microcontroller unit and voltage sampling at the positive output terminal by the analog front-end chip.

[0269] In some embodiments, optionally, when the switch 102 is off, there is no voltage at the output terminal of the drive circuit 112, and the voltage value at the output terminal of the drive circuit 112 is less than 0.5 volts. When the switch 102 is on, the voltage value at the output terminal of the drive circuit 112 is greater than or equal to 10 volts.

[0270] Based on this, if the analog front-end chip 104 or the microcontroller unit 106 outputs a high-level signal to control the switching transistor 102 to turn on, then the voltage at the output terminal of the drive circuit 112 will be greater than or equal to 10 volts. If no power supply voltage is detected between the positive output terminal PACK+ and the negative output terminal PACK-, then the switching transistor 102 is considered to be open-circuit faulted.

[0271] If the analog front-end chip 104 or the microcontroller unit 106 outputs a low-level signal to control the switch 102 to turn off, then the voltage at the output terminal of the drive circuit 112 is less than 0.5 volts. If a supply voltage of 48 volts or greater is detected between the positive output terminal PACK+ and the negative output terminal PACK-, then the switch 102 is considered to be short-circuited.

[0272] In some embodiments, optionally, the analog front-end chip 104 is configured to: acquire the supply voltage and the voltage value at the output terminal of the drive circuit 112 when the analog front-end chip 104 outputs a high-level signal, to obtain a first supply voltage and a drive voltage, wherein the first supply voltage and the drive voltage are respectively the supply voltage and the voltage value at the output terminal of the drive circuit 112 when the analog front-end chip 104 and the microcontroller unit 106 output high-level signals, and the drive circuit 112 drives the switch 102 to conduct based on the high-level signal; if the first supply voltage is less than a first preset voltage, determine that the switch 102 is open-circuit faulted or the drive circuit 112 is faulty; if the first supply voltage is greater than or equal to the first preset voltage, determine that the switch 102 and the drive circuit 112 are fault-free.

[0273] In this embodiment, when the analog front-end chip 104 outputs a high-level signal, it is assumed that the driving circuit 112 needs to drive the switching transistor 102 to conduct, so as to use the positive output terminal PACK+ and the negative output terminal PACK- of the energy storage device to output power.

[0274] If the first supply voltage is less than the first preset voltage, it is considered that the positive output terminal PACK+ and the negative output terminal PACK- of the energy storage device are not powered enough. Obviously, at this time, the switch 102 is open-circuited or the drive circuit 112 is faulty. However, if the first supply voltage is greater than or equal to the first preset voltage, it is considered that the positive output terminal PACK+ and the negative output terminal PACK- of the energy storage device are powered normally. At this time, both the switch 102 and the drive circuit 112 operate normally, and there is no fault in the switch 102 and the drive circuit 112.

[0275] In this process, the analog front-end chip 104 can be used to detect open circuit faults in the switching transistor 102 or faults in the drive circuit 112.

[0276] In some embodiments, optionally, a first supply voltage and a drive voltage are obtained. The first supply voltage and the drive voltage are the supply voltage when one or both of the analog front-end chip 104 and the microcontroller unit 106 output low-level signals, and the voltage value at the output terminal of the drive circuit 112, respectively. The drive circuit 112 drives the switch 102 to turn off based on the low-level signal. If the first supply voltage is greater than or equal to a first preset voltage, it is determined that the switch 102 is short-circuited or the drive circuit 112 is faulty. If the first supply voltage is less than the first preset voltage, it is determined that the switch 102 and the drive circuit 112 are not faulty.

[0277] When the first supply voltage and the driving voltage are respectively the supply voltage and the voltage value at the output terminal of the driving circuit 112, the driving circuit 112 needs to drive the switching transistor 102 to turn off, so as to stop the power supply output of the positive output terminal PACK+ and the negative output terminal PACK- of the energy storage device.

[0278] At this time, if the first supply voltage is greater than or equal to the first preset voltage, the positive output terminal PACK+ and the negative output terminal PACK- of the energy storage device will obviously still supply power. Obviously, the switch 102 is not turned off at this time. Therefore, there is a short circuit fault in the switch 102 or a fault in the drive circuit 112. If the first supply voltage is less than the first preset voltage, the switch 102 is considered to be turned off.

[0279] During this process, after the energy storage device stops charging and discharging, the analog front-end chip 104 can be used to detect faults in the drive circuit 112 and the switching transistor 102, thereby ensuring the reliability of the control circuit 100 of the energy storage device.

[0280] In some embodiments, the control circuit 100 of the energy storage device may optionally include a fuse F connected in series between the positive terminal of the battery 202 and the positive output terminal PACK+.

[0281] In this embodiment, by setting a fuse F, the connection between the positive output terminal PACK+ and the positive terminal of the battery 202 can be cut off when the discharge current or charging current of the battery 202 is too large, thereby protecting the battery 202 and improving the safety of the control circuit 100 of the energy storage device.

[0282] In one embodiment, this application provides an energy storage device, including: a positive output terminal PACK+; a negative output terminal PACK-; a battery 202, which is charged and discharged through the negative output terminal PACK and the positive output terminal PACK+; an inverter 204, which is connected to the positive output terminal PACK+ and the negative output terminal PACK- and is used to charge and discharge the battery; and a control circuit of the energy storage device as described above, which is connected to the positive output terminal PACK+, the negative output terminal PACK- and the battery 202.

[0283] In this embodiment, the inverter 204 can convert the DC power in the battery 202 into AC power and output it to the outside. It can also receive AC power and convert it into DC power to store in the battery 202. It can also be connected to a photovoltaic panel to receive the DC power generated by the photovoltaic panel's photoelectric conversion and store it in the battery 202.

[0284] In one embodiment, the energy storage device 200 can be a home energy storage device or an outdoor portable energy storage device.

[0285] The terms "first" and "second" in the specification and claims of this application may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the textual description of this application, unless otherwise stated, "multiple" means two or more. Furthermore, in the specification and claims, "and / or" indicates at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0286] In the textual description of this application, it is understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing and simplifying the embodiments of this application, and do not indicate or imply that the structure, device, or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, these descriptions should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0287] In the textual description of this application, it is understood that, unless explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0288] In the claims, description, and accompanying drawings of this application, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "specific embodiment," etc., refer to a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example, which is included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In the claims, description, and accompanying drawings of this application, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0289] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

[0290] Although embodiments of this application have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of this application, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A control circuit for an energy storage device, wherein, The energy storage device includes a battery, a positive output terminal, and a negative output terminal. The battery is charged and discharged through the negative output terminal and the positive output terminal. The control circuit of the energy storage device includes: A switching transistor is connected to the negative output terminal and the negative terminal of the battery. Simulated front-end chip; Microcontroller unit; A first AND gate, the first input of the first AND gate is connected to the analog front-end chip, and the second input of the first AND gate is connected to the microcontroller unit; A trigger, wherein the input of the trigger is connected to the output of the first AND gate; A driving circuit is provided, wherein the input terminal of the driving circuit is connected to the output terminal of the trigger, and the output terminal of the driving circuit is connected to the control terminal of the switching transistor to drive the switching transistor to turn on and off.

2. The control circuit of the energy storage device according to claim 1, wherein, The switching transistor includes a charging switching transistor; the first AND gate includes a first sub-AND gate; the driving circuit includes a first driving circuit; the flip-flop includes a first flip-flop; the first input terminal of the first sub-AND gate is connected to the charging signal output terminal of the analog front-end chip; the second input terminal of the first sub-AND gate is connected to the charging signal output terminal of the microcontroller unit; the output terminal of the first sub-AND gate is connected to the input terminal of the first flip-flop; the output terminal of the first flip-flop is connected to the input terminal of the first driving circuit; the clock input port of the first flip-flop is connected to the clock control signal output terminal of the microcontroller unit; and the output terminal of the first driving circuit is connected to the control terminal of the charging switching transistor; and / or The switching transistor includes a discharge switching transistor, the first AND gate includes a second sub-AND gate, the driving circuit includes a second driving circuit, the flip-flop includes a second flip-flop, the first input terminal of the second sub-AND gate is connected to the discharge signal output terminal of the analog front-end chip, the second input terminal of the second sub-AND gate is connected to the discharge signal output terminal of the microcontroller unit, the output terminal of the second sub-AND gate is connected to the input terminal of the second flip-flop, the output terminal of the second flip-flop is connected to the input terminal of the second driving circuit, the clock input port of the second flip-flop is connected to the clock control signal output terminal of the microcontroller unit, and the output terminal of the second driving circuit is connected to the control terminal of the discharge switching transistor.

3. The control circuit of the energy storage device according to claim 2, wherein, The control circuit of the energy storage device also includes: A second AND gate, the first input of which is connected to the fault signal output of the analog front-end chip, the second input of which is connected to the charging signal output of the analog front-end chip, the third input of which is connected to the clear signal output of the microcontroller, and the output of which is connected to the reset port of the first trigger; and / or The third AND gate has its first input connected to the fault signal output of the analog front-end chip, its second input connected to the discharge signal output of the analog front-end chip, its third input connected to the clear signal output of the microcontroller unit, and its output connected to the reset port of the second trigger.

4. The control circuit of the energy storage device according to claim 2, wherein, Based on the high-level signal output of the charging signal output terminal of the analog front-end chip and the charging signal output terminal of the microcontroller, the first sub-AND gate outputs the high-level signal, and the first driving circuit responds to the high-level signal to drive the charging switch to turn on. The second sub-AND gate outputs a high-level signal based on the discharge signal output terminal of the analog front-end chip and the discharge signal output terminal of the microcontroller unit. The second driving circuit responds to the high-level signal and drives the discharge switch to turn on.

5. The control circuit of the energy storage device according to claim 2, wherein, Based on one or both of the charging signal output terminals of the analog front-end chip and the microcontroller unit outputting low-level signals, the first sub-AND gate outputs the low-level signal, and the first driving circuit responds to the low-level signal by driving the charging switch transistor to turn off. Based on the low-level signal output of one or both of the discharge signal output terminals of the analog front-end chip and the microcontroller, the second sub-AND gate outputs the low-level signal, and the second driving circuit responds to the low-level signal to drive the discharge switch to turn off.

6. The control circuit of the energy storage device according to claim 3, wherein, Based on one or more of the fault signal output terminal, the charging signal output terminal, and the clear signal output terminal of the microcontroller, the output terminal of the second AND gate outputs the low-level signal, and the first trigger responds to the low-level signal and drives the charging switch to turn off through the first driving circuit. Based on one or more of the fault signal output terminal, discharge signal output terminal, and clear signal output terminal of the analog front-end chip, the output terminal of the third AND gate outputs the low-level signal, and the second trigger responds to the low-level signal and drives the discharge switch to turn off through the second driving circuit.

7. The control circuit of the energy storage device according to claim 4, wherein, The battery includes a battery, and the microcontroller unit is used for: If the battery status parameters, the temperature value of the switching transistor, the ambient temperature value, and the output voltage of the battery are all within the corresponding protection threshold range, the charging signal output terminal and the discharging signal output terminal of the microcontroller unit output a high-level signal and send a first signal to the analog front-end chip; otherwise, a low-level signal is output. The battery status parameters are the status parameters collected by the analog front-end chip from the battery. The analog front-end chip is used for: Upon receiving the first signal, if the battery state parameter is within the corresponding protection threshold range, the charging signal output terminal and the discharging signal output terminal of the analog front-end chip output a high-level signal; otherwise, a low-level signal is output. The battery state parameters include at least one of the following: Battery voltage, battery current, and battery temperature.

8. The control circuit of the energy storage device according to claim 7, wherein, The microcontroller unit is used for: During the charging and discharging process of the battery, if an alarm signal and / or communication abnormality are detected, the battery status parameters, the temperature value of the switching transistor, the ambient temperature value, and the output voltage of the battery are acquired. If at least one of the battery status parameters, the temperature value of the switching transistor, the ambient temperature value, and the output voltage of the battery is not within the corresponding protection threshold range, at least one of the clear signal output terminal, the charging signal output terminal, and the discharging signal output terminal of the microcontroller unit will output the low-level signal.

9. The control circuit of the energy storage device according to claim 6, wherein, The battery includes a battery, and the microcontroller unit is used for: If the battery status parameters, the temperature value of the switching transistor, the ambient temperature value, and the output voltage of the battery are all within the corresponding protection threshold range, the charging signal output terminal, the discharging signal output terminal, and the clear signal output terminal of the microcontroller unit output high-level signals and send a first signal to the analog front-end chip; otherwise, at least one of the charging signal output terminal, the discharging signal output terminal, and the clear signal output terminal of the microcontroller unit outputs a low-level signal. The battery status parameters are the status parameters collected by the analog front-end chip from the battery. The analog front-end chip is used for: Upon receiving the first signal, if the battery state parameter is within the corresponding protection threshold range, the charging signal output terminal, the discharging signal output terminal, and the fault signal output terminal of the analog front-end chip output a high-level signal; otherwise, at least one of the charging signal output terminal, the discharging signal output terminal, and the fault signal output terminal of the analog front-end chip outputs a low-level signal. The battery state parameters include at least one of the following: Battery voltage, battery current, and battery temperature.

10. The control circuit of the energy storage device according to claim 9, wherein, The microcontroller unit is used for: During the charging and discharging process of the battery, if an alarm signal and / or communication abnormality are detected, the battery status parameters, the temperature value of the switching transistor, the ambient temperature value, and the output voltage of the battery are acquired. If at least one of the battery status parameters, the temperature value of the switching transistor, the ambient temperature value, and the output voltage of the battery is not within the corresponding protection threshold range, at least one of the clear signal output terminal, the charging signal output terminal, and the discharging signal output terminal of the microcontroller unit will output the low-level signal.

11. The control circuit of the energy storage device according to claim 6, wherein, The microcontroller unit further includes a fault signal input terminal, which is connected to a fault signal output terminal. The analog front-end chip is also used for: During the charging and discharging process of the battery, if the battery status parameters are not in the corresponding protection threshold range and / or a short circuit is detected in the battery, the fault signal output terminal outputs the low-level signal and transmits the low-level signal to the microcontroller unit. The microcontroller unit is also used for: If the fault signal input terminal receives the low-level signal, at least one of the clear signal output terminal, the charging signal output terminal, and the discharging signal output terminal of the microcontroller unit is controlled to output the low-level signal.

12. The control circuit of the energy storage device according to claim 11, wherein, The microcontroller unit is also used to transmit configuration parameters to the analog front-end chip; When the analog front-end chip receives the configuration parameters, it configures the protection threshold range corresponding to the battery state parameters based on the configuration parameters.

13. The control circuit of the energy storage device according to claim 1, wherein, The positive output terminal and the negative output terminal are used to output the power supply voltage; Either the analog front-end chip or the microcontroller is used to determine the anomaly detection result based on the first comparison result and / or the second comparison result. The first comparison result is a comparison of the first supply voltage with the first preset voltage, and the second comparison result is a comparison of the drive voltage with the second preset voltage. The first supply voltage and the drive voltage are the supply voltage and the voltage value at the output terminal of the drive circuit, respectively, when the analog front-end chip and the microcontroller output level signals. The first preset voltage and the second preset voltage are the supply voltage and the voltage value at the output terminal of the drive circuit, respectively, when the drive circuit and the switching transistor are fault-free.

14. The control circuit of the energy storage device according to claim 13, wherein, The switching transistor includes a charging switching transistor; the first AND gate includes a first sub-AND gate; the flip-flop includes a first flip-flop; the driving circuit includes a first driving circuit; the first input terminal of the first sub-AND gate is connected to the charging signal output terminal of the analog front-end chip; the second input terminal of the first sub-AND gate is connected to the charging signal output terminal of the microcontroller unit; the output terminal of the first sub-AND gate is connected to the input terminal of the first flip-flop; the output terminal of the first flip-flop is connected to the input terminal of the first driving circuit; the output terminal of the first driving circuit is connected to the control terminal of the charging switching transistor; and the clock input terminal of the first flip-flop is connected to the microcontroller unit; and / or The switching transistor includes a discharge switching transistor, the first AND gate includes a second sub-AND gate, the flip-flop includes a second flip-flop, the driving circuit includes a second driving circuit, the first input terminal of the second sub-AND gate is connected to the discharge signal output terminal of the analog front-end chip, the second input terminal of the second sub-AND gate is connected to the discharge signal output terminal of the microcontroller unit, the output terminal of the second sub-AND gate is connected to the input terminal of the second flip-flop, the output terminal of the second flip-flop is connected to the input terminal of the second driving circuit, the output terminal of the second driving circuit is connected to the control terminal of the discharge switching transistor, and the clock input terminal of the second flip-flop is connected to the microcontroller unit.

15. The control circuit of the energy storage device according to claim 14, wherein, The control circuit of the energy storage device also includes: A first comparator circuit, wherein a first terminal of the first comparator circuit is connected to the control terminal of the charging switch transistor, a second terminal of the first comparator circuit is used to input the second preset voltage, and a third terminal of the first comparator circuit is connected to the microcontroller unit; and / or The second comparison circuit has a first terminal connected to the control terminal of the discharge switch transistor, a second terminal for inputting the second preset voltage, and a third terminal connected to the microcontroller unit.

16. The control circuit of the energy storage device according to claim 15, wherein, The first comparator circuit includes: A first resistor, the first end of which is connected to the control terminal of the charging switch transistor; The second resistor has its first end connected to the second end of the first resistor, and its second end grounded. A first comparator, wherein a first input terminal of the first comparator is connected to a first terminal of the second resistor, a second input terminal of the first comparator is used to input a voltage signal corresponding to a second preset voltage, and an output terminal of the first comparator is connected to the microcontroller unit; and / or The second comparator circuit includes: The third resistor, the first end of which is connected to the control terminal of the discharge switch tube; A fourth resistor, wherein the first end of the fourth resistor is connected to the second end of the third resistor, and the second end of the fourth resistor is grounded; The second comparator has its first input terminal connected to the first terminal of the fourth resistor, its second input terminal used to input a voltage signal corresponding to the second preset voltage, and its output terminal connected to the microcontroller unit.

17. The control circuit of the energy storage device according to claim 15, wherein, The microcontroller unit is connected to the analog front-end chip via a signal, and the microcontroller unit is also used to output the first comparison result and / or the second comparison result to the analog front-end chip.

18. The control circuit of the energy storage device according to claim 13, wherein, The control circuit of the energy storage device also includes: A first sampling wire, one end of which is connected to the positive output terminal, and the other end of which is connected to the microcontroller unit, is used to acquire the first supply voltage; and / or The second sampling wire has one end connected to the positive output terminal and the other end connected to the analog front-end chip, and is used to collect the first power supply voltage.

19. The control circuit of the energy storage device according to any one of claims 13 to 18, wherein, The microcontroller unit is specifically used to: acquire the power supply voltage and the voltage value at the output terminal of the driving circuit when the microcontroller unit outputs a high-level signal, so as to obtain the first power supply voltage and the driving voltage, wherein the first power supply voltage and the driving voltage are respectively the power supply voltage and the voltage value at the output terminal of the driving circuit when the analog front-end chip and the microcontroller unit output a high-level signal, and the driving circuit drives the switching transistor to conduct based on the high-level signal; If the driving voltage is less than the second preset voltage, the driving circuit is determined to be faulty; If the driving voltage is greater than or equal to the second preset voltage and the first supply voltage is less than the first preset voltage, the switch tube is determined to be open-circuit fault.

20. The control circuit of the energy storage device according to any one of claims 13 to 18, wherein, The microcontroller unit is specifically used for: The first supply voltage and the driving voltage are obtained, wherein the first supply voltage and the driving voltage are respectively the supply voltage and the voltage value at the output terminal of the driving circuit when one or both of the analog front-end chip and the microcontroller output a low-level signal; the driving circuit drives the switching transistor to turn off based on the low-level signal. If the driving voltage is greater than or equal to the second preset voltage, the driving circuit is determined to be faulty; If the driving voltage is less than the second preset voltage and the first supply voltage is greater than or equal to the first preset voltage, a short circuit fault is determined in the switching transistor.

21. The control circuit of the energy storage device according to any one of claims 13 to 18, wherein, The analog front-end chip is used for: When the analog front-end chip outputs a high-level signal, the supply voltage and the voltage value at the output terminal of the driving circuit are obtained to obtain the first supply voltage and the driving voltage. The first supply voltage and the driving voltage are respectively the supply voltage and the voltage value at the output terminal of the driving circuit when the analog front-end chip and the microcontroller unit output high-level signals. The driving circuit drives the switching transistor to turn on based on the high-level signal. If the first power supply voltage is less than the first preset voltage, it is determined that the switch tube is open-circuited or the drive circuit is faulty. If the first supply voltage is greater than or equal to the first preset voltage, it is determined that the switching transistor and the driving circuit are fault-free.

22. The control circuit of the energy storage device according to any one of claims 13 to 18, wherein, The analog front-end chip is used for: The first supply voltage and the driving voltage are obtained, wherein the first supply voltage and the driving voltage are respectively the supply voltage and the voltage value at the output terminal of the driving circuit when one or both of the analog front-end chip and the microcontroller output a low-level signal; the driving circuit drives the switching transistor to turn off based on the low-level signal. If the first power supply voltage is greater than or equal to the first preset voltage, determine that the switching transistor has a short circuit fault or the drive circuit has a fault. If the first supply voltage is less than the first preset voltage, it is determined that the switching transistor and the driving circuit are fault-free.

23. The control circuit of the energy storage device according to any one of claims 1 to 22, wherein, The control circuit of the energy storage device also includes: A fuse is connected in series between the positive terminal of the battery and the positive output terminal.

24. An energy storage device, wherein, include: Battery; Positive output terminal, which is connected to the positive terminal of the battery; Negative output terminal; An inverter is connected to the positive output terminal and the negative output terminal; The control circuit of the energy storage device according to any one of claims 1 to 23, wherein the control circuit of the energy storage device is connected to the negative output terminal and the negative terminal of the battery respectively.

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