Laminated glass and projection system

Abstract

The present application provides laminated glass and a projection system. The laminated glass is provided with a transparent area and an opaque area. A display area has an S-light reflection spectrum curve for S-polarized light that is incident at an angle of incidence of 70° and has a wavelength of 380-780 nm, wherein the S-light reflection spectrum curve has only one extremum point within a wavelength range of 450-650 nm, and has minimum S-light reflectance RLsmin at the extremum point. The laminated glass and the projection system provided in the present application can improve the contrast between a displayed image and a display background and achieve a higher color gamut to make image display clearer; in addition, the laminated glass further has high P-polarized light reflectance, a smooth P-polarized light reflection spectrum, and low S-polarized light reflectance, to achieve the effects of reducing the energy consumption of a projector, reducing reflection interference on a center console, and achieving reflective imaging that is neutral, has low color shift or is free from color shift, thus improving the display effect.

Description

Laminated glass and projection system

[0001] This disclosure claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202411175192.X, filed with the Chinese Patent Office on August 26, 2024, entitled "Laminated Glass and Projection System", the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] This application belongs to the field of glass technology, specifically relating to laminated glass and projection systems. Background Technology

[0003] Vehicles can provide various types of information to drivers and passengers, such as vehicle information, road information, social media information, and even entertainment information. This can generally be achieved through vehicle head-up displays (HUDs), instrument panels, central control screens, passenger-side displays, and combinations thereof, to meet the needs of multi-form, near-far, and multi-level display, thereby bringing a more comfortable, safe, and intelligent experience and rich information to drivers and passengers.

[0004] Displays on dashboards and central control screens require drivers to look down, briefly taking their eyes off the road and creating a driving safety hazard. Traditional head-up displays (HUDs) show the image in the windshield's translucent area, with the external environment serving as the background. The brightness of the external environment and other interfering light can affect the driver's ability to see the HUD image, thus reducing driving safety and visual comfort. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the first aspect of this application provides a laminated glass having a light-transmitting area and a shielding area;

[0006] The visible light transmittance of the light-transmitting area is greater than or equal to 70%, and the visible light transmittance of the shielding area is less than or equal to 5%.

[0007] The shielding area is provided with at least one display area. The display area has a P-light reflectivity RLp for P-polarized light with a wavelength of 380nm-780nm incident at a 70° incident angle, and the RLp is ≥25%. The display area has an S-light reflectivity spectrum curve for S-polarized light with a wavelength of 380nm-780nm incident at a 70° incident angle. The S-light reflectivity spectrum curve has only one extreme point in the wavelength range of 450nm-650nm, and has a minimum S-light reflectivity RLsmin at the extreme point.

[0008] Wherein, RLsmin ≤ 7.5%, or RLsmin ≤ 5%, or RLsmin ≤ 4%, or RLsmin ≤ 3%.

[0009] Wherein, the RLp is 30% to 60%, or the RLp is 35% to 55%, or the RLp is 40% to 50%.

[0010] The display area has an S-polarized reflectivity RLs for S-polarized light with a wavelength of 380nm-780nm incident at an incident angle of 70°, and the ratio of the P-polarized reflectivity RLp to the S-polarized reflectivity RLs is RLp / RLs≥2.5, or RLp / RLs≥3, or RLp / RLs≥4, or RLp / RLs≥5.

[0011] Wherein, the RLs ≤ 20%, or RLs ≤ 15%, or RLs ≤ 10%, or RLs ≤ 6%.

[0012] The display area has a maximum P-light reflectance RLpmax and a minimum P-light reflectance RLpmin for P-polarized light with wavelengths of 450nm-650nm incident at an incident angle of 70°. The difference between the maximum P-light reflectance and the minimum P-light reflectance is RLpmax-RLpmin≤5%, or RLpmax-RLpmin≤4%, RLpmax-RLpmin≤3%, RLpmax-RLpmin≤2%, RLpmax-RLpmin≤1%, or RLpmax-RLpmin≤0.5%.

[0013] The shielding area includes a bottom shielding area located below the light-transmitting area, and the display area is located within the bottom shielding area.

[0014] The ratio of the total area of ​​the display area to the area of ​​the bottom shading area is greater than or equal to 10%.

[0015] The ratio of the total area of ​​the display area to the area of ​​the bottom shielding area is 10% to 110%, or 15% to 105%, or 20% to 100%, or 30% to 95%, or 40% to 90%.

[0016] The laminated glass includes a first glass plate, an adhesive layer, a second glass plate, a shielding layer, and a reflective element. The first glass plate has a first surface and a second surface, the second glass plate has a third surface and a fourth surface, the adhesive layer connects the second surface and the third surface, the shielding layer is disposed within the shielding area, the reflective element is disposed within the shielding area and at least covers the display area, and the shielding layer is located between the first glass plate and the reflective element.

[0017] The material of the shielding layer is selected from at least one of dark ink, opaque polymer film, and dimming film.

[0018] The shielding area includes a bottom shielding area located below the light-transmitting area, and the display area is located within the bottom shielding area. The shielding layer within the bottom shielding area is composed of a first shielding sub-layer and a second shielding sub-layer. The material of the first shielding sub-layer is dark ink, and the material of the second shielding sub-layer is an opaque polymer film or a dimming film.

[0019] The laminated glass further includes a heat insulation layer, which is selected from at least one of single silver nano-coating, double silver nano-coating, triple silver nano-coating, quadruple silver nano-coating, ITO nano-coating, FTO nano-coating, and infrared blocking micron coating. The total solar transmittance of the laminated glass having the heat insulation layer is less than or equal to 55%.

[0020] The transparent glass plate with a thickness of 2.1 mm has a visible light transmittance TL0, and the transparent glass plate with the reflective element has a visible light transmittance TL1, where TL0 ≥ 88% and TL1 ≤ 15%.

[0021] Wherein, TL1 and TL0 satisfy: TL1 / TL0≤0.15, or TL1 / TL0≤0.1, or TL1 / TL0≤0.05, or TL1 / TL0≤0.01, or TL1 / TL0≤0.005, or TL1 / TL0≤0.001.

[0022] The reflective element includes at least one stacked structure, each of which includes an absorption layer and a low refractive index layer stacked sequentially along the arrangement direction from the first glass plate to the second glass plate. The absorption layer has an extinction coefficient greater than 0.1 at a wavelength of 550 nm, and the low refractive index layer has a refractive index less than 1.8 at a wavelength of 550 nm.

[0023] Wherein, the extinction coefficient of the absorption layer at a wavelength of 550nm is ≥0.5, or ≥1, or ≥1.5, or ≥2, or ≥2.5, or ≥3, or ≥3.5.

[0024] The material of the absorber layer is selected from at least one element or alloy of Si, Ni, Cr, Al, Ti, Nb, Mo, Sn, Zn, Zr, and Mg.

[0025] The physical thickness of the reflective element is 200nm to 500nm, or 250nm to 450nm, or 300nm to 400nm.

[0026] The total physical thickness of the absorption layer in the reflective element is 10nm to 100nm, or 25nm to 85nm, or 35nm to 75nm.

[0027] The physical thickness of the absorption layer furthest from the fourth surface in the reflective element is ≥15nm, ≥20nm, or ≥25nm.

[0028] The reflective element is directly disposed on the fourth surface;

[0029] Alternatively, the shielding layer is provided on the fourth surface, and the reflective element is directly disposed on the surface of the shielding layer that is away from the fourth surface;

[0030] Alternatively, an ultrathin substrate is disposed on the fourth surface, the ultrathin substrate having a fifth surface facing the fourth surface and a sixth surface facing away from the fourth surface, the reflective element being directly disposed on the fifth surface or the sixth surface, the thickness of the ultrathin substrate being 0.05 mm to 1.0 mm, and the material of the ultrathin substrate being soda-lime glass, or high-alumina glass, or lithium aluminum glass, or borosilicate glass, or polyethylene terephthalate, or polycarbonate.

[0031] The reflective element further includes a barrier layer disposed between the second glass plate and the stacked structure.

[0032] The material of the barrier layer is selected from at least one of a high refractive index material with a refractive index greater than or equal to 1.8 and a low refractive index material with a refractive index less than 1.8.

[0033] The barrier layer is a single-layer structure, and the material of the single-layer structure is selected from the high refractive index material;

[0034] Alternatively, the barrier layer is composed of a first barrier sublayer and a second barrier sublayer stacked together, wherein the materials of the first barrier sublayer and the second barrier sublayer are selected from the low refractive index material;

[0035] Alternatively, the barrier layer may be composed of a first barrier sublayer and a second barrier sublayer stacked together, wherein the material of the first barrier sublayer is selected from the high refractive index material and the material of the second barrier sublayer is selected from the low refractive index material.

[0036] The second aspect of this application provides a projection system, the projection system including a projection device and a laminated glass as provided in the first aspect of this application, the projection device being used to generate projection light, the projection light containing at least 80% P-polarized light, the projection light being incident on at least one display area within the shielded area at an incident angle of 38° to 85°, the display area reflecting the projection light to form a display image.

[0037] The laminated glass and projection system provided in this application form a display area in the bottom shielding region of the laminated glass. Combined with projection light containing at least 80% P-polarized light, this system not only meets the needs of drivers wearing sunglasses and eliminates visual ghosting of the displayed image, but also allows the shielding layer to serve as a background for the image display, better blocking ambient light and avoiding unnecessary interference with vision. It also improves the contrast between the displayed image and the background, achieving a higher color gamut and clearer image display. Furthermore, the laminated glass has high P-polarized light reflectivity, a smooth P-polarized light reflection spectrum, and low S-polarized light reflectivity, thereby reducing projector energy consumption, reducing center console reflection interference, and achieving neutral or minimal color shift in reflected imaging, ultimately improving the display effect. Attached Figure Description

[0038] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments of this application will be described below.

[0039] Figure 1 is a top view of the laminated glass in one embodiment of this application.

[0040] Figure 2 is a top view of the laminated glass in another embodiment provided in this application.

[0041] Figure 3 is a top view of the laminated glass in two other embodiments provided in this application.

[0042] Figure 4 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the laminated glass provided in this application.

[0043] Figure 5 is a partial cross-sectional view of the shielding layer provided in this application located on the second surface.

[0044] Figure 6 is a partial cross-sectional view of the shielding layer provided in this application located on the fourth surface.

[0045] Figure 7 is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of the shielding layer provided in this application, which consists of a first shielding sublayer and a second shielding sublayer.

[0046] Figure 8 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the laminated glass with a heat insulation layer provided in this application.

[0047] Figure 9 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a reflective element with a stacked structure provided in this application.

[0048] Figure 10 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of an example of a reflective element with two stacked structures provided in this application.

[0049] Figure 11 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of another example of a reflective element with two stacked structures provided in this application.

[0050] Figure 12 is a partial cross-sectional view of the reflective element provided in this application located on the sixth surface.

[0051] Figure 13 is a partial cross-sectional view of the reflective element provided in this application located on the fifth surface.

[0052] Figure 14 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of an example of a reflective element with a stacked structure and a barrier layer provided in this application.

[0053] Figure 15 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of another example of a reflective element with a stacked structure and a barrier layer provided in this application.

[0054] Figure 16 shows the P-light reflectance spectrum and S-light reflectance spectrum of the laminated glass in Comparative Example 1 provided in this application.

[0055] Figure 17 shows the P-light reflectance spectrum and S-light reflectance spectrum of the laminated glass in Comparative Example 2 provided in this application.

[0056] Figure 18 is a graph showing the P-light reflectance spectrum and S-light reflectance spectrum of the laminated glass in Embodiment 1 provided in this application.

[0057] Figure 19 shows the P-light reflectance spectrum and S-light reflectance spectrum curves of the laminated glass in Embodiment 2 provided in this application.

[0058] Figure 20 shows the P-light reflectance spectrum and S-light reflectance spectrum curves of the laminated glass in Embodiment 3 provided in this application.

[0059] Figure 21 is a graph showing the P-light reflectance spectrum and S-light reflectance spectrum of the laminated glass in Embodiment 4 provided in this application.

[0060] Figure 22 is a graph showing the P-light reflectance spectrum and S-light reflectance spectrum of the laminated glass in Embodiment 5 provided in this application.

[0061] Figure 23 is a graph showing the P-light reflectance spectrum and S-light reflectance spectrum of the laminated glass in Embodiment 6 provided in this application.

[0062] Figure 24 is a graph showing the P-light reflectance spectrum and S-light reflectance spectrum of the laminated glass in Embodiment 7 provided in this application.

[0063] Figure 25 shows the P-light reflectance spectrum and S-light reflectance spectrum curves of the laminated glass in Embodiment 8 provided in this application.

[0064] Figure 26 is a graph showing the P-light reflectance spectrum and S-light reflectance spectrum of the laminated glass in Embodiment 9 of this application.

[0065] Figure 27 is a graph showing the P-light reflectance spectrum and S-light reflectance spectrum of the laminated glass in Embodiment 10 provided in this application.

[0066] Figure 28 is a graph showing the P-light reflectance spectrum and S-light reflectance spectrum of the laminated glass in Embodiment 11 provided in this application.

[0067] Figure 29 is a graph showing the P-light reflectance spectrum and S-light reflectance spectrum of the laminated glass in Embodiment 12 provided in this application.

[0068] Labeling Explanation: Laminated glass 10, light-transmitting area 101, shielding area 102, bottom shielding area 1021, left shielding area 1022, top shielding area 1023, right shielding area 1024, display area 103, first glass plate 11, first surface 111, second surface 112, adhesive layer 12, second glass plate 13, third surface 131, fourth surface 132, shielding layer 14, first shielding sub-layer 141, second shielding sub-layer 142. Reflective element 15, barrier layer 150, lower barrier sublayer 1501, upper barrier sublayer 1502, first absorption layer 151, first low refractive index layer 152, lower low refractive index sublayer 1521, upper low refractive index sublayer 1522, second absorption layer 153, second low refractive index layer 154, heat insulation layer 16, ultrathin substrate 17, fifth surface 171, sixth surface 172, connecting layer 18, projection device 20, projection beam 201. Detailed Implementation

[0069] The following are preferred embodiments of this application. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of this application, and these improvements and modifications are also considered to be within the scope of protection of this application.

[0070] Unless otherwise stated or in case of conflict, the terms or phrases used in this application shall have the following meanings:

[0071] In this application, terms such as "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature.

[0072] In this application, "one or more" refers to any one, any two, or any two or more of the listed items. "Several" refers to any two or more.

[0073] The value of x in the chemical formula: If it is clearly defined, the defined range shall prevail. If it is not clearly defined, it can be determined according to the stoichiometric, substoichiometric, or superstoichiometric deposition methods used in the magnetron sputtering process.

[0074] Refractive index: The refractive index measured at a wavelength of 550 nm.

[0075] As shown in Figures 1, 2, and 3, this application provides a laminated glass 10, which has a light-transmitting area 101 and a shielding area 102. The visible light transmittance of the light-transmitting area 101 is greater than or equal to 70%, and the visible light transmittance of the shielding area 102 is less than or equal to 5%. At least one display area 103 is disposed in the shielding area 102. The display area 103 has a P-light reflectance RLp for P-polarized light with a wavelength of 380nm-780nm incident at a 70° incident angle, wherein RLp ≥ 25%. The display area 103 has an S-light reflectance spectrum curve for S-polarized light with a wavelength of 380nm-780nm incident at a 70° incident angle. The S-light reflectance spectrum curve has only one extreme point in the wavelength range of 450nm-650nm, and has a minimum S-light reflectance value RLsmin at the extreme point.

[0076] The shielding area 102 described in this application is provided with at least one display area 103. The display area 103 can display vehicle driving information, various patterns, or play videos, and can be used in various scenarios such as welcoming guests, creating an atmosphere, watching movies, and working. Optionally, it can be used to display driving parameters, including vehicle speed, engine speed, fuel consumption, tire pressure, warning information, mileage, etc., and can also be used to display weather temperature, entertainment information, and can be used for dynamic navigation, night vision, real-view maps, etc. The display area 103 is located within the shielding area 102. The number of display areas 103 can be one as shown in Figure 1, or four as shown in Figure 2. Other numbers, such as two, three, or even more, can also be designed according to the actual product.

[0077] In Figures 1, 2, and 3, the shielding area 102 includes a bottom shielding area 1021 located below the light-transmitting area 101, a left shielding area 1022 located to the left of the light-transmitting area 101, a top shielding area 1023 located above the light-transmitting area 101, and a right shielding area 1024 located to the right of the light-transmitting area 101. Preferably, the display area 103 is located within the bottom shielding area 1021.

[0078] To improve the shielding effect of the shielding area 102 and facilitate the observation of the display area 103 by occupants, preferably, the ratio of the total area of ​​the shielding area 102 to the area of ​​the laminated glass 10 is 5% to 50%. Specific examples include 5%, 8%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, and 50%. More preferably, the ratio of the total area of ​​the shielding area 102 to the area of ​​the laminated glass 10 is 10% to 45%, 15% to 40%, or 20% to 35%, thereby achieving a better balance between the shielding effect of the shielding area 102 and the overall aesthetics of the laminated glass 10.

[0079] To improve the display effect of the display area 103 and facilitate observation of the display area 103 by occupants of the vehicle, the ratio of the total area of ​​the display area 103 to the area of ​​the bottom shielding area 1021 is greater than or equal to 10%. Preferably, the ratio of the total area of ​​the display area 103 to the area of ​​the bottom shielding area 1021 is 10% to 110%, or 15% to 105%, or 20% to 100%, or 30% to 95%, or 40% to 90%, thereby achieving a better balance between the display effect of the display area 103 and the overall aesthetics of the laminated glass 10. Specific examples include 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, 100%, 105%, or 110%, etc. When the number of display areas 103 is greater than or equal to two, the total area of ​​the display areas 103 is equal to the sum of the areas of all display areas 103.

[0080] In Figure 3, the display area 103 covers the entire bottom obscured area 1021, and the upper boundary of the display area 103 is even closer to the top obscured area 1023 than the upper boundary of the bottom obscured area 1021. That is, the ratio of the total area of ​​the display area 103 to the area of ​​the bottom obscured area 1021 is 100% to 110%, so as to form a through-panorama display effect from A-pillar to A-pillar.

[0081] The display area 103 described in this application has a P-light reflectivity RLp for P-polarized light with wavelengths of 380nm-780nm incident at an incident angle of 70°. The P-light reflectivity RLp is ≥25%, preferably 30% to 60%, specifically 25%, 28%, 30%, 32%, 35%, 37%, 40%, 42%, 45%, 48%, 50%, 52%, 55%, 58%, 60%, etc. More preferably, the P-light reflectivity RLp is 35% to 55%, even more preferably 40% to 50%, and even more preferably 42% to 48%. This can enhance the brightness of the projection display, improve the energy utilization rate of the projection device 20, and reduce the energy consumption of the projection device 20, which is beneficial to the miniaturization and heat dissipation design of the projection device 20.

[0082] The display area 103 described in this application has an S-polarized light reflection spectrum curve for S-polarized light with wavelengths of 380nm-780nm incident at a 70° incident angle. The S-polarized light reflection spectrum curve has only one extreme point in the wavelength range of 450nm-650nm. The S-polarized light reflection spectrum curve in the 450nm-650nm wavelength range can be understood as a U-shaped or U-shaped curve. At the extreme point, there is a minimum S-polarized light reflectance RLsmin, which is ≤7.5%. Specific examples include 7.5%, 7%, 6.5%, 6%, 5.5%, 5%, 4.5%, 4%, 3.5%, 3%, 2.5%, 2%, and 1%. Preferably, the minimum S-polarized light reflectance RLsmin is ≤5%, more preferably ≤4%, and even more preferably ≤3%. This results in a smooth P-polarized light reflection spectrum, reducing projector energy consumption, reducing central control console reflection interference, achieving neutral or minimal color shift in reflection imaging, and improving display performance.

[0083] The display area 103 described in this application has an S-polarized reflectivity RLs for S-polarized light with wavelengths of 380nm-780nm incident at an incident angle of 70°. The ratio of the P-polarized reflectivity RLp to the S-polarized reflectivity RLs is ≥2.5. Specific examples include 2.5, 2.6, 2.7, 2.8, 2.9, 3.0, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4, 3.5, 3.6, 3.7, 3.8, 3.9, 4.0, 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 4.5, 4.6, 4.7, 4.8, 4.9, and 5.0, etc., preferably. The ratio of P-polarized light reflectance RLp to S-polarized light reflectance RLs is ≥3, more preferably RLp / RLs ≥4, and even more preferably RLp / RLs ≥5. This ensures that the reflectance of P-polarized light in the display area 103 is much greater than that of S-polarized light. This not only enhances the reflection of P-polarized light to achieve projection display, but also reduces the reflection of S-polarized light, weakening or even eliminating the reflection of the dashboard in the display area 103, thus avoiding interference with the vision of the people inside the vehicle.

[0084] Furthermore, the S-light reflectance RLs ≤ 20%, specifically, 20%, 17%, 15%, 13%, 10%, 8%, 6%, 5%, etc., preferably, the S-light reflectance RLs ≤ 15%, more preferably the S-light reflectance RLs ≤ 10%, and even more preferably the S-light reflectance RLs ≤ 6%, thereby reducing or even eliminating the dashboard reflection in the display area 103, avoiding interference with the vision of the people in the vehicle, and also reducing or even eliminating the glare caused by the excessively high projection brightness of the projection device 20, thereby improving the display effect.

[0085] The display area 103 described in this application has a maximum P-reflectivity RLpmax and a minimum P-reflectivity RLpmin for P-polarized light with wavelengths of 450nm-650nm incident at a 70° incident angle. The difference between the maximum and minimum P-reflectivity RLpmax-RLpmin is ≤5%, specifically, examples include 5%, 4.5%, 4%, 3.5%, 3%, 2.5%, 2%, 1.5%, 1%, 0.5%, etc. Preferably, the difference between the maximum and minimum P-reflectivity RLpmax-RLpmin is ≤5%. pmax-RLpmin≤4%, more preferably the difference between the maximum and minimum P-light reflectance RLpmax-RLpmin≤3%, further preferably the difference between the maximum and minimum P-light reflectance RLpmax-RLpmin≤1%, and even more preferably the difference between the maximum and minimum P-light reflectance RLpmax-RLpmin≤0.5%, thereby achieving the effects of reducing projector energy consumption, reducing central control console reflection interference, neutral reflection imaging with little or no color shift, and improving display effect.

[0086] As shown in Figure 4, the laminated glass 10 includes a first glass plate 11, an adhesive layer 12, a second glass plate 13, a shielding layer 14, and a reflective element 15. The first glass plate 11 has a first surface 111 and a second surface 112. The second glass plate 13 has a third surface 131 and a fourth surface 132. The adhesive layer 12 connects the second surface 112 and the third surface 131. The shielding layer 14 is disposed within the shielding area 102. The reflective element 15 is disposed within the shielding area 102 and at least covers the display area 103. The shielding layer 14 is located between the first glass plate 11 and the reflective element 15.

[0087] The projection device 20 generates projection light 201, which contains at least 80% P-polarized light. The projection light 201 is incident on the display area 103 at an incident angle of 38° to 85°. The display area 103 reflects the projection light 201 to form a display image that can be observed by people inside the vehicle. In particular, for the driver, the image can be observed without looking down, which improves the driver's field of vision and allows the driver to observe the external situation for a longer period of time. At the same time, it makes it easier to obtain the necessary information for assisted driving, which greatly improves driving safety. Thus, it can partially or even completely replace the traditional instrument panel, or even eliminate the traditional instrument panel. Meanwhile, the shielding area 102 is also commonly referred to as the black border area. In this application, the reflective element 15 is placed in the shielding area 102 and the shielding layer 14 is located between the first glass plate 11 and the reflective element 15. The shielding layer 14 can shield the reflective element 15 in the thickness direction of the laminated glass 10, so that the shielding layer 14 serves as the display background for the image display. It can better block the ambient light and avoid unnecessary interference to the view. It can also improve the contrast between the displayed image and the display background and achieve a higher color gamut, making the image display clearer.

[0088] Specifically, the first glass plate 11 serves as the outer glass plate of the laminated glass 10. The first glass plate 11 has a first surface 111 and a second surface 112. The first surface 111 is away from the adhesive layer 12 and in contact with the external environment of the vehicle, while the second surface 112 is close to the adhesive layer 12. The second glass plate 13 serves as the inner glass plate of the laminated glass 10. The second glass plate 13 has a third surface 131 and a fourth surface 132. The third surface 131 is close to the adhesive layer 12, while the fourth surface 132 is away from the adhesive layer 12 and in contact with the internal environment of the vehicle. The adhesive layer 12 connects the second surface 112 and the third surface 131.

[0089] The first glass plate 11 is transparent or tinted glass, with a thickness of 0.7 mm to 4 mm and a visible light transmittance greater than or equal to 80%. The second glass plate 13 is also transparent or tinted glass, with a thickness of 0.7 mm to 4 mm and a visible light transmittance greater than or equal to 80%. The total iron content (calculated as Fe2O3) of the transparent glass is less than or equal to 0.1%, even less than or equal to 0.05%, and further less than or equal to 0.01%, and the visible light transmittance of the transparent glass is 80% to 95%; the total iron content (calculated as Fe2O3) of the tinted glass is 0.1% to 0.8%, preferably 0.1% to 0.5%, and the visible light transmittance of the tinted glass is 80% to 90%. For example, the first glass plate 11 can be a 2.1 mm thick transparent glass with a visible light transmittance of 89%, and the second glass plate 13 can be a 1.6 mm thick green glass with a visible light transmittance of 83%, or a 2.1 mm thick green glass with a visible light transmittance of 80%.

[0090] The adhesive layer 12 is a transparent thermoplastic polymer film or a colored thermoplastic polymer film, and the thickness of the adhesive layer 12 is 0.38 mm to 2.28 mm. For example, the thickness of the adhesive layer 12 can be, but is not limited to, 0.38 mm, 0.76 mm, 1.14 mm, 1.52 mm, 1.9 mm, 2.28 mm, or other values ​​between 0.38 mm and 2.28 mm. The material of the thermoplastic polymer film can be selected from at least one of polyvinyl butyral (PVB), polyurethane (PU), ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), and ionic polymer (SGP). When the adhesive layer 12 is a transparent thermoplastic polymer, the visible light transmittance of the transparent thermoplastic polymer is greater than or equal to 80%. For example, the visible light transmittance of the adhesive layer 12 can be, but is not limited to, 80%, 85%, 90%, or 95%. When the adhesive layer 12 is a colored thermoplastic polymer film, the visible light transmittance of the colored thermoplastic polymer film is greater than or equal to 80%. For example, the visible light transmittance of the adhesive layer 12 can be, but is not limited to, 80%, 85%, or 90%. The colored thermoplastic polymer film can be a gray thermoplastic polymer film, a green thermoplastic polymer film, or a blue thermoplastic polymer film. Exemplarily, the adhesive layer 12 can be a single-layer structure or a multi-layer structure. For example, the multi-layer structure can be a double-layer structure, a triple-layer structure, a quadruple-layer structure, a five-layer structure, etc. The adhesive layer 12 can also have other functions, such as providing at least one colored area as a shade band to reduce the interference of sunlight on the human eye, or adding an infrared absorber to have sun protection or heat insulation functions, or adding an ultraviolet absorber to have ultraviolet protection functions, or having a higher plasticizer content in at least one layer of the multi-layer structure to have sound insulation functions.

[0091] The material of the masking layer 14 is selected from at least one of dark ink, opaque polymer film, and dimming film.

[0092] As shown in Figures 5 and 6, the dark ink can be ceramic ink or ultraviolet ink. The ceramic ink or ultraviolet ink is printed on the second side 112, the third side 131 and / or the fourth side 132 through processes such as screen printing and inkjet printing. After curing or high-temperature sintering, a masking layer 14 is formed. The thickness of the masking layer 14 formed by the dark ink is 5μm to 40μm.

[0093] The opaque polymer film can be a bulk-colored polymer film, such as by adding black or brown coloring components during the manufacturing process; it can also be a polymer film with surface-printed ink, paint, or pigment, such as printing black ink, black paint, or brown pigment onto the surface of the polymer film; it can also be a dyed or colored polymer film, such as coloring the polymer film with black or brown dye; the material of the polymer film can be polyvinyl butyral (PVB), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polycarbonate (PC), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), etc.; the opaque polymer film is disposed in the adhesive layer 12, for example, the adhesive layer 12 can be two thermoplastic polymer films, with the opaque polymer film sandwiched between the two thermoplastic polymer films.

[0094] Dimming films can be polymer-dispersed liquid crystal films (PDLC), suspended particle films (SPD), electrochromic films (EC), dye liquid crystal films (LC), etc. The minimum visible light transmittance of the dimming film is less than or equal to 3%, for example, 3%, 2%, 1%, 0.5%, or 0%. Furthermore, the maximum visible light transmittance of the dimming film can be set as needed, for example, 10%, 20%, 30%, 50%, 70%, or 80%. Specifically, the visible light transmittance of the dimming film can be adjusted between 0% and 20%, between 0.5% and 50%, or between 0% and 70%, etc. The dimming film can meet the visible light transmittance requirements in multiple scenarios. For example, when black border display is required, the dimming film is in an opaque state (visible light transmittance is less than or equal to 3%, or even 0%), which improves the contrast between the displayed image and the displayed background. When no display is required, the dimming film is in a transparent state (visible light transmittance is greater than or equal to 70%), which enables a larger area of ​​the car window glass to be transparent. The dimming film is set in the adhesive layer 12. For example, the adhesive layer 12 can be two thermoplastic polymer films, with the dimming film sandwiched between the two thermoplastic polymer films.

[0095] As shown in Figure 7, the shielding layer 14 in the bottom shielding area 1021 is composed of a first shielding sub-layer 141 and a second shielding sub-layer 142. The material of the first shielding sub-layer 141 is dark ink, and the material of the second shielding sub-layer 142 is an opaque polymer film or a dimming film. Preferably, the second shielding sub-layer 142 is a dimming film, which can better meet the requirements of visible light transmittance in multiple scenarios. For example, when an image needs to be displayed, the dimming film is in an opaque state (visible light transmittance is less than or equal to 3%, or even 0%), which improves the contrast between the displayed image and the displayed background. When no display is performed, the dimming film is in a transparent state (visible light transmittance is greater than or equal to 70%), which realizes greater transparency of the laminated glass 10 and improves the field of vision for people inside the vehicle to observe the external environment. Specifically, the first shielding sublayer 141 is directly disposed on the second surface 112, and the second shielding sublayer 142 is disposed in the adhesive layer 12. It is understood that other forms can also be configured according to the actual situation, such as the second shielding sublayer 142 being disposed in the adhesive layer 12 and the first shielding sublayer 141 being directly disposed on the third surface 131, or the second shielding sublayer 142 being disposed in the adhesive layer 12 and the first shielding sublayer 141 being directly disposed on the fourth surface 132.

[0096] As shown in Figure 8, the laminated glass 10 described in this application further includes a heat insulation layer 16. The heat insulation layer 16 enables the laminated glass 10 to have excellent heat insulation performance, thereby improving the thermal comfort of the vehicle interior environment. Preferably, the total solar transmittance of the laminated glass 10 with the heat insulation layer 16 is less than or equal to 55%, more preferably less than or equal to 50%, and even less than or equal to 45%. The lower the total solar transmittance, the better the heat insulation performance of the laminated glass 10. The heat insulation layer 16 can be disposed on the second surface 112, or in the adhesive layer 12, or on the third surface 131, or on the fourth surface 132; and preferably, the heat insulation layer 16 and the reflective element 15 are not located on the same surface.

[0097] The heat insulation layer 16 can be at least one selected from single silver nano-coating, double silver nano-coating, triple silver nano-coating, quadruple silver nano-coating, ITO nano-coating, FTO nano-coating, and infrared blocking micron coating.

[0098] Single-silver nanocoatings, double-silver nanocoatings, triple-silver nanocoatings, and quadruple-silver nanocoatings can be formed by magnetron sputtering, and their physical thickness is preferably 100 nm to 500 nm. A single-silver nanocoating is a transparent nanocoating having one silver layer and at least two dielectric layers; a double-silver nanocoating is a transparent nanocoating having two silver layers and at least three dielectric layers; a triple-silver nanocoating is a transparent nanocoating having three silver layers and at least four dielectric layers; and a quadruple-silver nanocoating is a transparent nanocoating having four silver layers and at least five dielectric layers. The dielectric layer material is selected from at least one oxide, nitride, or oxynitride selected from Zn, Ti, Si, Al, Sn, Se, Zr, Ni, In, Cr, W, Ca, Y, Nb, Cu, and Sm.

[0099] ITO nanocoatings can be formed by magnetron sputtering. The physical thickness of the ITO nanocoating is preferably 100 nm to 500 nm. The ITO nanocoating is a transparent nanocoating having at least one ITO (indium tin oxide) functional layer and at least two dielectric layers. The dielectric layer material is selected from at least one oxide, nitride, or oxynitride selected from Zn, Ti, Si, Al, Sn, Se, Zr, Ni, In, Cr, W, Ca, Y, Nb, Cu, and Sm. FTO nanocoatings can be formed by chemical vapor deposition (CVD). The physical thickness of the FTO nanocoating is preferably 50 nm to 500 nm. The FTO nanocoating is a transparent nanocoating having at least one FTO (fluorine-doped tin oxide) functional layer.

[0100] Infrared blocking micron coatings can be formed by sol-gel coating. The thickness of the infrared absorbing micron coating is 5 μm to 30 μm. The infrared blocking micron coating is a transparent micron coating with infrared blocking nanoparticles. The material of the infrared blocking nanoparticles can be selected from at least one of ITO (indium tin oxide), FTO (fluorine-doped tin oxide), CWO (cesium-doped tungsten oxide), lanthanum hexaboride (LaB6), and vanadium pentoxide (V2O5). The average particle size of the infrared blocking nanoparticles is 20 nm to 100 nm.

[0101] In Figure 8, the heat insulation layer 16 and the reflective element 15 are not located on the same surface, and the projection of the reflective element 15 onto the heat insulation layer 16 at least partially overlaps with the heat insulation layer 16. The heat insulation layer 16 is closer to the first surface 111 than the reflective element 15, which simplifies the manufacturing process of the heat insulation layer 16 and the reflective element 15. Specifically, the heat insulation layer 16 is directly disposed on the third surface 131, and the reflective element 15 is directly disposed on the fourth surface 132. This application can also exemplify embodiments such as the heat insulation layer 16 being directly disposed on the second surface 112 and the reflective element 15 being directly disposed on the fourth surface 132.

[0102] In other embodiments, the heat insulation layer 16 and the reflective element 15 are not located on the same surface, and the reflective element 15 and the heat insulation layer 16 do not overlap each other in the thickness direction of the laminated glass 10. This can prevent the heat insulation layer 16 from reflecting the projected light 201 and interfering with the image formed by the reflective element 15.

[0103] In some other embodiments, the heat insulation layer 16 and the reflective element 15 are located on the same surface, and the reflective element 15 and the heat insulation layer 16 do not overlap each other. This can prevent the heat insulation layer 16 from reflecting the projected light 201 and interfering with the image formed by the reflective element 15.

[0104] In other embodiments, the heat insulation layer 16 and the reflective element 15 are located on the same surface, and the projection of the reflective element 15 onto the heat insulation layer 16 at least partially overlaps with the heat insulation layer 16, with the heat insulation layer 16 being closer to the first surface 111 than the reflective element 15. Specifically, the heat insulation layer 16 can be provided first, and then the reflective element 15 can be provided on a localized surface of the heat insulation layer 16.

[0105] In this application, when the projection of the reflective element 15 onto the heat insulation layer 16 at least partially overlaps with the heat insulation layer 16, preferably, the transparent glass plate with a thickness of 2.1 mm and a visible light transmittance greater than 88% on which the reflective element 15 is provided has a visible light transmittance of less than or equal to 30%, more preferably less than or equal to 25%, more preferably less than or equal to 20%, further preferably less than or equal to 15%, even more preferably less than or equal to 10%, even less than or equal to 5%, and even more preferably less than or equal to 1%. This can reduce or even eliminate the interference of the heat insulation layer 16 on the reflection of the projected light 201, thus preventing the image formed by the reflective element 15 from being reflected, and can also save on the material used in the shielding layer 14 to a certain extent or even partially replace the shielding layer 14, which is beneficial to reducing the manufacturing cost of the laminated glass 10.

[0106] In this application, a transparent glass plate with a thickness of 2.1 mm has a visible light transmittance TL0 greater than or equal to 88%. A reflective element 15 with a thickness of 2.1 mm is provided on the transparent glass plate, so that the transparent glass plate with a visible light transmittance greater than or equal to 88% has a visible light transmittance TL1 less than or equal to 15%. TL1 can be specifically 15%, 12%, 10%, 8%, 7%, 5%, 2.5%, 2%, 1.5%, 1%, 0.5%, etc. Preferably, the visible light transmittance TL1 ≤ 10%, more preferably TL1 ≤ 5%, and even more preferably TL1 ≤ 2%. This can reduce or even eliminate the interference of the heat insulation layer 16 on the projection light 201 and the image formed by the reflective element 15, and can also save on the material used in the shielding layer 14 to a certain extent or even partially replace the shielding layer 14, which is beneficial to reducing the manufacturing cost of the laminated glass 10.

[0107] In this application, TL1 and TL0 satisfy the condition that TL1 / TL0 ≤ 0.15. Specifically, TL1 / TL0 can be 0.15, 0.1, 0.05, 0.01, 0.005, 0.001, etc. Preferably, TL1 / TL0 ≤ 0.1, more preferably TL1 / TL0 ≤ 0.05, even more preferably TL1 / TL0 ≤ 0.01, or TL1 / TL0 ≤ 0.005, or TL1 / TL0 ≤ 0.001.

[0108] The reflective element 15 of this application includes at least one stacked structure. Each stacked structure includes an absorption layer and a low-refractive-index layer stacked sequentially. The extinction coefficient of the absorption layer at a wavelength of 550 nm is greater than 0.1, and the refractive index of the low-refractive-index layer at a wavelength of 550 nm is less than 1.8. The reflective element 15 may consist of only one "absorption layer / low-refractive-index layer" stacked structure, or it may include at least two stacked structures, for example, as shown in FIG. 10, it may consist of two stacked structures; or, it may consist of three stacked structures; or it may consist of four stacked structures.

[0109] The extinction coefficient of the absorption layer at a wavelength of 550 nm can be 0.1, 0.15, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 3.5, etc. Preferably, the extinction coefficient of the absorption layer at a wavelength of 550 nm is ≥0.5; more preferably, the extinction coefficient of the absorption layer at a wavelength of 550 nm is ≥1; and even more preferably, the extinction coefficient of the absorption layer at a wavelength of 550 nm is ≥1.5, or ≥2, or ≥2.5, or ≥3, or ≥3.5. The material of the absorption layer is selected from at least one element or alloy of Si, Ni, Cr, Al, Ti, Nb, Mo, Sn, Zn, Zr, and Mg. Specific examples include NiCr, Si, and TiZr. To better achieve the comprehensive requirements of vehicle window glass in terms of optical performance, mechanical performance, and appearance color of the reflective element 15, the low refractive index layer can be a single-layer structure or a multi-layer structure, for example, including at least two low refractive index sublayers. Specifically, as shown in Figure 11, the first low refractive index layer 152 is composed of a first low refractive index lower sublayer 1521 and a first low refractive index upper sublayer 1522 stacked together.

[0110] The physical thickness of the reflective element 15 described in this application is 200nm to 500nm, specifically examples include 200nm, 250nm, 300nm, 350nm, 400nm, 450nm, and 500nm. Preferably, the physical thickness of the reflective element 15 is 250nm to 450nm, and more preferably, the physical thickness of the reflective element 15 is 300nm to 400nm. The total physical thickness of the absorption layer in the reflective element 15 is 10nm to 100nm, specifically examples include 10nm, 12nm, 15nm, 18nm, 20nm, 25nm, 30nm, 35nm, 40nm, 45nm, 50nm, 55nm, 60nm, 65nm, 70nm, 75nm, 80nm, 85nm, 90nm, 95nm, and 100nm. Preferably, the total physical thickness of the absorption layer is 25nm to 85nm, and more preferably, the total physical thickness of the absorption layer is 35nm to 75nm.

[0111] Furthermore, the physical thickness of the absorption layer in the reflective element 15 furthest from the fourth surface 132 is ≥15nm, specifically examples include 15nm, 20nm, 25nm, 30nm, etc., preferably ≥20nm, and more preferably ≥25nm. Optionally, the physical thickness of the absorption layer in the reflective element 15 furthest from the fourth surface 132 is ≤60nm, or ≤55nm, or ≤50nm, or ≤45nm, or ≤40nm.

[0112] The total physical thickness of the low-refractive-index layer in the reflective element is 100nm to 450nm, specifically examples include 100nm, 150nm, 200nm, 250nm, 300nm, 350nm, 400nm, and 450nm. Preferably, the total physical thickness of the low-refractive-index layer is 200nm to 400nm, and more preferably, it is 250nm to 375nm. Furthermore, the ratio between the total physical thickness of the absorption layer and the total physical thickness of the absorption layer in the low-refractive-index layer of the reflective element is 2 to 15, specifically examples include 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, and 15. Preferably, the ratio is 2.5 to 10.

[0113] The reflective element 15 includes two stacked structures: a first absorption layer, a first low-refractive-index layer, a second absorption layer, and a second low-refractive-index layer. The ratio of the physical thickness of the second absorption layer to the physical thickness of the first absorption layer is 1.5 to 4, and / or the ratio of the physical thickness of the second low-refractive-index layer to the physical thickness of the first low-refractive-index layer is 0.7 to 1.2. Specific examples of the ratio between the physical thickness of the second absorption layer and the physical thickness of the first absorption layer include 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 3.5, and 4. Specific examples of the ratio between the physical thickness of the second low-refractive-index layer and the physical thickness of the first low-refractive-index layer include 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, 1, 1.1, and 1.2.

[0114] The reflective element 15 comprises three stacked structures: a first absorption layer, a first low-refractive-index layer, a second absorption layer, a second low-refractive-index layer, a third absorption layer, and a third low-refractive-index layer. The ratio of the physical thickness of the second absorption layer to the physical thickness of the first absorption layer is 0.7–5, and / or the ratio of the physical thickness of the third absorption layer to the physical thickness of the second absorption layer is 1–2, and / or the ratio of the physical thickness of the second low-refractive-index layer to the physical thickness of the first low-refractive-index layer is 0.8–4, and / or the ratio of the physical thickness of the third low-refractive-index layer to the physical thickness of the second low-refractive-index layer is 0.7–1.2. Specific examples of the ratio of the physical thickness of the second absorption layer to the physical thickness of the first absorption layer include 0.7, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 3.5, 4, 4.5, and 5. Specific examples of the ratio of the physical thickness of the third absorption layer to the physical thickness of the second absorption layer include 1, 1.2, 1.4, 1.6, 1.8, and 2. Examples of specific ratios between the physical thickness of the second low-refractive-index layer and the physical thickness of the first low-refractive-index layer include 0.8, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 3.5, and 4. Examples of specific ratios between the physical thickness of the third low-refractive-index layer and the physical thickness of the second low-refractive-index layer include 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, 1, 1.1, and 1.2.

[0115] As shown in Figure 5, the reflective element 15 of this application is directly disposed on the fourth surface 132. Alternatively, as shown in Figure 6, the shielding layer 14 is disposed on the fourth surface 132, and the reflective element 15 is directly disposed on the surface of the shielding layer 14 facing away from the fourth surface 132. Alternatively, as shown in Figures 12 and 13, an ultrathin substrate 17 is disposed on the fourth surface 132, the ultrathin substrate 17 having a fifth surface 171 facing the fourth surface 132 and a sixth surface 172 facing away from the fourth surface 132, the reflective element 15 being directly disposed on the fifth surface 171 or the sixth surface 172, the thickness of the ultrathin substrate 17 being 0.05 mm to 1.0 mm, and the material of the ultrathin substrate 17 being soda-lime glass, or high-alumina glass, or lithium aluminum glass, or borosilicate glass, or polyethylene terephthalate, or polycarbonate.

[0116] When the reflective element 15 described in this application is directly disposed on the fourth surface 132, as shown in FIG9, the reflective element 15 can be composed of only one stacked structure, namely, the first absorption layer 151 and the first low refractive index layer 152 stacked sequentially; or, as shown in FIG10, the high and low refractive index stack is composed of two stacked structures, namely, the first absorption layer 151, the first low refractive index layer 152, the second absorption layer 153 and the second low refractive index layer 154 stacked sequentially; or, the high and low refractive index stack is composed of three stacked structures, namely, the first absorption layer 151, the first low refractive index layer 152, the second absorption layer 153, the second low refractive index layer 154, the third absorption layer and the third low refractive index layer stacked sequentially. Preferably, the layer in the reflective element 15 that is in direct contact with the fourth surface 132 is an absorption layer, that is, the first absorption layer 151 is in direct contact with the fourth surface 132, and the layer in the reflective element 15 that is furthest from the fourth surface 132 is a low refractive index layer, that is, the layer in the reflective element 15 that is in contact with air is a low refractive index layer.

[0117] When the reflective element 15 is disposed on the sixth surface 172 of the ultrathin substrate 17, the projected light 201 directly forms a reflected image, which is clearer and free of ghosting. Alternatively, when the reflective element 15 is disposed on the fifth surface 171 of the ultrathin substrate 17, the ultrathin substrate 17 can better protect the reflective element 15. Due to the extremely thin thickness of the ultrathin substrate 17, the reflected sub-image formed by the high-angle incident projected light 201 on the sixth surface 172 almost coincides with the reflected primary image formed by the reflective element 15, making the reflected image visually free of ghosting.

[0118] As shown in Figure 12, when the reflective element 15 is disposed on the sixth surface 172 of the ultrathin substrate 17, the shielding layer 14 is disposed on the fourth surface 132, and the connecting layer 18 is disposed between the shielding layer 14 and the ultrathin substrate 17 for bonding and connecting the shielding layer 14 and the ultrathin substrate 17. Alternatively, as shown in Figure 13, when the reflective element 15 is disposed on the fifth surface 171 of the ultrathin substrate 17, the connecting layer 18 is disposed between the fourth surface 132 and the reflective element 15 for bonding and connecting the fourth surface 132 and the reflective element 15.

[0119] The material of the connecting layer 18 can be the same as that of the thermoplastic interlayer, such as PVB, EVA, or SGP, or it can be an adhesive, such as OCA (Optically Clear Adhesive) or SCA (Solid Optically Clear Adhesive). When the connecting layer 18 is transparent, the visible light transmittance of the transparent thermoplastic polymer is greater than or equal to 70%. For example, the visible light transmittance of the connecting layer 18 can be, but is not limited to, 70%, 80%, or 90%. When the connecting layer 18 is opaque, for example, the visible light transmittance of the connecting layer 18 is less than or equal to 60%. For example, the visible light transmittance of the connecting layer 18 can be, but is not limited to, 50%, 40%, 30%, 20%, or 10%. Preferably, the connecting layer 18 is opaque, with a visible light transmittance of less than or equal to 5%.

[0120] The reflective element 15 described in this application further includes a barrier layer 150 disposed between the second glass plate 13 and the stacked structure. The reflective element 15 may be composed of only one stacked structure, wherein the reflective element 15 is a barrier layer 150, a first absorption layer 151, and a first low refractive index layer 152 stacked in sequence, that is, the barrier layer 150 is in direct contact with the fourth surface 132.

[0121] The material of the barrier layer 150 is selected from at least one of high refractive index materials with a refractive index greater than or equal to 1.8 and low refractive index materials with a refractive index less than 1.8. The high refractive index material of the barrier layer 150 is selected from nitrides, oxides, or oxynitrides of at least one element selected from Zn, Sn, Ti, Si, Al, Ni, Cr, Nb, Mg, Zr, Ga, Y, In, Sb, V, and Ta. Specific examples include SiNx, TiOx, NbOx, TiNx, ZnSnOx, AZO, and ZrOx. The low refractive index material of the barrier layer 150 is selected from oxides composed of one or more elements selected from Al, Mg, Zn, Si, Zr, Sn, Ca, and V. Specific examples include Al2O3 and SiO2.

[0122] As shown in Figure 14, the barrier layer 150 is a single-layer structure, and the material of the single-layer structure is selected from the high-refractive-index material. To better achieve the comprehensive requirements of vehicle window glass in terms of optical performance, mechanical performance, and appearance color of the reflective element 15, the barrier layer 150 can be a single-layer structure or a multi-layer structure, for example, including at least two barrier sub-layers. For example, the barrier layer 150 is composed of a first barrier sub-layer and a second barrier sub-layer stacked together, and the materials of the first barrier sub-layer and the second barrier sub-layer are selected from the low-refractive-index material. Alternatively, the barrier layer 150 is composed of a first barrier sub-layer and a second barrier sub-layer stacked together, where the material of the first barrier sub-layer is selected from the high-refractive-index material, and the material of the second barrier sub-layer is selected from the low-refractive-index material. Specifically, as shown in Figure 15, the barrier layer 150 is composed of a lower barrier sub-layer 1501 and an upper barrier sub-layer 1502 stacked together.

[0123] This application also provides a projection system, including a projection device 20 and a laminated glass 10 as described above. The projection device 20 is used to generate projection light 201, which contains at least 80% P-polarized light. The projection light 201 is incident on at least one display area 103 within a shielded area 102 at an incident angle of 38° to 85°. The display area 103 reflects the projection light 201 to the eyes of occupants in the vehicle to form a display image.

[0124] The wavelength of the projection light 201 can be in the range of 380nm to 780nm. The projection light 201 can contain at least 80% P-polarized light. The higher the proportion of P-polarized light in the projection light 201, the better it is for meeting the usage needs of drivers wearing sunglasses and the easier it is to eliminate visual ghosting phenomena in the displayed image. For example, the projection light 201 contains at least 85% P-polarized light, or the projection light 201 contains at least 90% P-polarized light, or the projection light 201 contains at least 95% P-polarized light, or even the projection light 201 is 100% P-polarized light, that is, the projection light 201 is essentially pure P-polarized light.

[0125] This application also provides a vehicle, including a vehicle body and the projection system described above. The projection device of the projection system is installed inside the vehicle body, and the laminated glass of the projection system is installed at an opening in the vehicle body. When the laminated glass is installed on the vehicle, it is preferably used as the vehicle's windshield. However, it is not limited to this; the laminated glass can also be used as a rear windshield or side window, thereby providing more display application scenarios for the vehicle.

[0126] To make the objectives and advantages of this application clearer, the effects of the laminated glass of this application will be further explained in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0127] In Comparative Examples 1-2 and Examples 1-12, examples are illustrated with reflective elements disposed on a glass substrate.

[0128] This application prepares a transparent glass plate with a thickness of 2.1 mm and a visible light transmittance of 90%. Reflective elements of Comparative Examples 1-2 and Examples 1-12 are deposited on the surface of the transparent glass plate. The specific film materials and physical thicknesses are as follows:

[0129] Comparative Example 1: Glass substrate / first high refractive index layer (TSO 23nm) / second low refractive index layer (SiO2 112nm) / third high refractive index layer (TZO 80nm) / fourth low refractive index layer (SiO2 98nm). The reflective element in Comparative Example 1 does not contain an absorption layer. Optionally, in TZO, the ratio of Ti to Zr is 65wt%:35wt%. In TSO, the ratio of Ti to Si is 92wt%:8wt%.

[0130] Comparative Example 2: Glass substrate / first high refractive index layer (TiO2 57nm) / second low refractive index layer (SiO2 132nm) / third high refractive index layer (TiO2 59nm). The reflective element in Comparative Example 2 does not contain an absorption layer.

[0131] Example 1: Glass substrate / first absorption layer (NiCr 9nm) / first low refractive index layer (SiO2 135nm) / second absorption layer (NiCr 21nm) / second low refractive index layer (SiO2 105nm).

[0132] Example 2: Glass substrate / first absorption layer (NiCr 11nm) / first low refractive index layer (Al2O3 100nm) / second absorption layer (NiCr 22nm) / second low refractive index layer (SiO2 106nm).

[0133] Example 3: Glass substrate / first absorption layer (NiCr 11nm) / first low refractive index lower sublayer (Al2O3 65nm) / first low refractive index upper sublayer (SiO2 50nm) / second absorption layer (NiCr 21nm) / second low refractive index layer (SiO2 104nm).

[0134] Example 4: Glass substrate / lower barrier layer (Al2O3 91nm) / upper barrier layer (SiO2 32nm) / first absorption layer (NiCr 10nm) / first low refractive index lower layer (Al2O3 39nm) / first low refractive index upper layer (SiO2 81nm) / second absorption layer (NiCr 22nm) / second low refractive index layer (SiO2 104nm).

[0135] Example 5: Glass substrate / barrier layer (SiNx 45nm) / first absorption layer (NiCr 8nm) / first low refractive index layer (Al2O3 100nm) / second absorption layer (NiCr 20nm) / second low refractive index layer (SiO2 99nm).

[0136] Example 6: Glass substrate / lower barrier layer (SiNx 65nm) / upper barrier layer (SiO2 66nm) / first absorption layer (NiCr 7nm) / first low refractive index layer (SiO2 134nm) / second absorption layer (NiCr 21nm) / second low refractive index layer (SiO2 109nm).

[0137] Specifically, the reflective elements in Examples 1-6 comprise two stacked structures, each comprising an absorption layer and a low-refractive-index layer stacked sequentially. The refractive index of the low-refractive-index layer is less than 1.8, and the extinction coefficient of the absorption layer is 3.5 at 550 nm. The material of the absorption layer is selected from at least one element or alloy of Si, Ni, Cr, Al, Ti, Nb, Mo, Sn, Zn, Zr, and Mg, such as NiCr, Si, and TiZr. The physical thickness of the absorption layer furthest from the glass substrate in the reflective elements of Examples 1-6, i.e., the second absorption layer, is greater than or equal to 15 nm, preferably greater than or equal to 20 nm. The first low-refractive-index layer in Examples 3 and 6 comprises two sublayers: a lower first low-refractive-index sublayer and an upper first low-refractive-index sublayer.

[0138] The barrier layer in Example 4 comprises two sublayers, each made of a low-refractive-index material, namely, a lower barrier sublayer and an upper barrier sublayer. The barrier layer in Example 5 is a single-layer structure made of a high-refractive-index material. The barrier layer in Example 6 comprises two sublayers, namely a lower barrier sublayer and an upper barrier sublayer, with the lower barrier sublayer made of a high-refractive-index material and the upper barrier sublayer made of a low-refractive-index material.

[0139] Example 7: Glass substrate / first absorption layer (NiCr 23nm) / first low refractive index layer (SiO2 44nm) / second absorption layer (NiCr 23nm) / second low refractive index layer (SiO2 125nm) / third absorption layer (NiCr 31nm) / third low refractive index layer (SiO2 98nm).

[0140] Example 8: Glass substrate / first absorption layer (NiCr 27nm) / first low refractive index layer (Al2O3 39nm) / second absorption layer (NiCr 24nm) / second low refractive index layer (SiO2 94nm) / third absorption layer (NiCr 29nm) / third low refractive index layer (SiO2 102nm).

[0141] Example 9: Glass substrate / First absorption layer (NiCr 31nm) / First low refractive index lower sublayer (Al2O3 27nm) / First low refractive index upper sublayer (SiO2 14nm) / Second absorption layer (NiCr 23nm) / Second low refractive index lower sublayer (Al2O3 59nm) / Second low refractive index upper sublayer (SiO2 51nm) / Third absorption layer (NiCr 28nm) / Third low refractive index layer (SiO2 105nm).

[0142] Example 10: Glass substrate / barrier layer (SiNx 31nm) / first absorption layer (NiCr 6nm) / first low refractive index layer (SiO2 117nm) / second absorption layer (NiCr 16nm) / second low refractive index layer (SiO2 139nm) / third absorption layer (NiCr 23nm) / third low refractive index layer (SiO2 105nm).

[0143] Example 11: Glass substrate / barrier layer (SiNx 33nm) / first absorption layer (NiCr 7nm) / first low refractive index layer (Al2O3 96nm) / second absorption layer (NiCr 17nm) / second low refractive index layer (Al2O3 105nm) / third absorption layer (NiCr 24nm) / third low refractive index layer (SiO2 110nm).

[0144] Example 12: Glass substrate / barrier layer (SiNx 32nm) / first absorber layer (NiCr 4nm) / first low refractive index lower sublayer (Al2O3 45nm) / first low refractive index upper sublayer (SiO2 87nm) / second absorber layer (NiCr 18nm) / second low refractive index lower sublayer (Al2O3 66nm) / second low refractive index upper sublayer (SiO2 50nm) / third absorber layer (NiCr 25nm) / third low refractive index layer (SiO2 108nm).

[0145] Specifically, the reflective elements in Examples 7-12 comprise three stacked structures, each comprising an absorption layer and a low-refractive-index layer stacked sequentially. The refractive index of the low-refractive-index layer is less than 1.8, and the extinction coefficient of the absorption layer at 550 nm is 3.5. The physical thickness of the absorption layer furthest from the glass substrate in the reflective elements of Examples 7-12, i.e., the third absorption layer, is greater than or equal to 15 nm, preferably greater than or equal to 20 nm, and more preferably greater than or equal to 25 nm. The first low-refractive-index layer in Examples 9 and 12 comprises two sublayers: a lower first low-refractive-index sublayer and an upper first low-refractive-index sublayer. The second low-refractive-index layer in Examples 9 and 12 comprises two sublayers: a lower second low-refractive-index sublayer and an upper second low-refractive-index sublayer. The barrier layer in Examples 10-12 is a single-layer structure made of a high-refractive-index material.

[0146] The 2.1 mm thick transparent glass plates with film structure of Comparative Examples 1-2 and Examples 1-12 were subjected to high-temperature heat treatment at at least 500°C, and their visible light transmittance was measured. The measurement results are recorded in Table 1.

[0147] Visible light transmittance: Measured and calculated according to ISO 9050 within the wavelength range of 380nm to 780nm.

[0148] Table 1: Visible light transmittance of transparent glass plates with reflective elements in Comparative Examples 1-2 and Examples 1-12

[0149] As shown in Table 1, a transparent glass plate with a thickness of 2.1 mm has a visible light transmittance TL0 greater than 88%, while a transparent glass plate with a thickness of 2.1 mm and a visible light transmittance greater than 88% having a reflective element has a visible light transmittance TL1 less than 15%. Preferably, a transparent glass plate with a thickness of 2.1 mm and a visible light transmittance greater than 88% having a reflective element as described in Examples 1-12 has a visible light transmittance TL1 less than or equal to 10%. Exemplarily, TL1 is less than or equal to 5%. Also exemplary, TL1 is less than or equal to 1%. Further exemplary, TL1 is less than or equal to 0.5%. Even more exemplary, TL1 is less than or equal to 0.1%. This can reduce or even eliminate the interference of the heat insulation layer on the projected light, thus reducing the interference with the image formed by the reflective element. It can also save on the material used in the shielding layer to a certain extent, or even partially replace the shielding layer, which is beneficial to reducing the manufacturing cost of laminated glass.

[0150] Prepare another transparent glass plate with a thickness of 2.1mm and a visible light transmittance of more than 88%. Print black ceramic ink on its surface using a screen printing process. After high-temperature sintering, a shielding layer is formed.

[0151] Prepare another piece of transparent PVB with a thickness of 0.76 mm. According to the automotive glass manufacturing process, the transparent glass plate with the reflective elements of Comparative Examples 1-2 and Examples 1-12 is laminated with the transparent PVB and the transparent glass plate with the shielding layer, respectively, and then processed by an autoclave to finally obtain laminated glass with the reflective elements of Comparative Examples 1-2 and Examples 1-12.

[0152] A transparent glass plate with a shielding layer is used as the outer glass plate of the laminated glass, and a transparent glass plate with reflective elements of Comparative Examples 1-2 and Examples 1-12 is used as the inner glass plate of the laminated glass. The shielding layer is located on the second surface of the laminated glass and forms a shielding area. The reflective element is disposed on the fourth surface of the laminated glass and located in the bottom shielding area. The reflective element forms a display area in the bottom shielding area.

[0153] The P-light reflectance spectrum, P-light reflectance RLp, S-light reflectance spectrum, S-light reflectance RLs, and minimum S-light reflectance RLsmin of laminated glass with reflective elements of Comparative Examples 1-2 and Examples 1-12 were measured, and the measurement results were recorded in Table 2.

[0154] P-polarized light reflectance spectrum: The reflectance spectrum of P-polarized light in the range of 380nm-780nm was obtained by measuring with a spectrophotometer.

[0155] P-polarized reflectance RLp: The reflectance of the display area to P-polarized light with wavelengths of 380nm-780nm incident at an incident angle of 70°, measured from the fourth side according to standard ISO9050.

[0156] P-light reflectance range ΔP: Based on the P-light reflectance spectrum curve, the maximum P-light reflectance RLpmax and the minimum P-light reflectance RLpmin are measured and calculated in the wavelength range of 450nm-650nm. ΔP = RLpmax - RLpmin.

[0157] S-polarized light reflectance spectrum: The reflectance spectrum of S-polarized light in the range of 380nm-780nm was obtained by measuring with a spectrophotometer.

[0158] S-polarization reflectance (RLs): The reflectance of the display area to S-polarized light with wavelengths of 380nm-780nm incident at an incident angle of 70°, measured and calculated from the fourth side according to standard ISO9050.

[0159] Extremum point: Based on the S-ray reflectance spectrum curve, measure and calculate whether there is an extremum point in the wavelength range of 450nm-650nm. The extremum point is the point in the S-ray reflectance spectrum curve where the first derivative of the curvature is zero. At the extremum point, there is a local maximum or local minimum of S-ray reflectance.

[0160] Minimum S-light reflectance RLsmin: If the S-light reflectance spectrum curve has an extreme point in the wavelength range of 450nm-650nm, and there is a local minimum of S-light reflectance at the extreme point, the local minimum is recorded as the minimum S-light reflectance RLsmin.

[0161] Table 2: Performance parameters of laminated glass with reflective elements of Comparative Examples 1-2 and Examples 1-12

[0162] Figures 16-29 show the P-light reflectance spectrum curves and S-light reflectance spectrum curves of the laminated glass of Comparative Examples 1-2 and Examples 1-12 in the wavelength range of 400nm-700nm, where the thick lines represent the P-light reflectance spectrum curves and the thin lines represent the S-light reflectance spectrum curves.

[0163] As can be seen from Table 2 and Figures 16-29, in the laminated glass of Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2, RLp is less than 30%, RLs is greater than 20%, and RLp / RLs is less than 1.5. Furthermore, the P-light reflectance range ΔP of Comparative Example 1 from 450nm to 650nm is greater than 5%, and the S-light reflectance spectrum curve of Comparative Example 2 does not have a minimum value. This results in only low-brightness images being obtained when projecting in the display area, which reduces driving safety and visual comfort. To obtain a bright image, the energy consumption of the projection device needs to be greatly increased, which is not conducive to the miniaturization and heat dissipation design of the projection device.

[0164] In the laminated glass of Examples 1-12, RLp ≥ 35% or even ≥ 40%, RLs ≤ 15% or even ≤ 10%, RLp / RLs > 2 or ≥ 3 or even ≥ 4, and the P-light reflection range ΔP ≤ 1% or even ≤ 0.5% in the 450nm-650nm wavelength range, which has only one minimum value in the wavelength range of 450nm-650nm, and RLsmin is less than 7.5% or even ≤ 5%. This makes the laminated glass have high P-polarized light reflectivity, smooth P-polarized light reflection spectrum, and low S-polarized light reflectivity, thereby achieving the effects of reducing projector energy consumption, reducing central control console reflection interference, and neutral or no color shift in reflection imaging, thereby improving the display effect.

[0165] The above provides a detailed description of the embodiments provided in this application. This document elucidates and explains the principles and implementation methods of this application. The above description is only intended to help understand the methods and core ideas of this application. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope based on the ideas of this application. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

Claims

1. A laminated glass, characterized in that, The laminated glass has a light-transmitting area and a shielding area; The visible light transmittance of the light-transmitting area is greater than or equal to 70%, and the visible light transmittance of the shielding area is less than or equal to 5%. The shielding area is provided with at least one display area. The display area has a P-light reflectivity RLp for P-polarized light with a wavelength of 380nm-780nm incident at a 70° incident angle, and the RLp is ≥25%. The display area has an S-light reflectivity spectrum curve for S-polarized light with a wavelength of 380nm-780nm incident at a 70° incident angle. The S-light reflectivity spectrum curve has only one extreme point in the wavelength range of 450nm-650nm, and has a minimum S-light reflectivity RLsmin at the extreme point.

2. The laminated glass as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The specified RLsmin is ≤7.5%, or ≤5%, or ≤4%, or ≤3%.

3. The laminated glass as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The RLp is 30% to 60%, or the RLp is 35% to 55%, or the RLp is 40% to 50%.

4. The laminated glass as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The display area has an S-polarized reflectivity RLs for S-polarized light with a wavelength of 380nm-780nm incident at an incident angle of 70°, and the ratio of the P-polarized reflectivity RLp to the S-polarized reflectivity RLs is RLp / RLs≥2.5, or RLp / RLs≥3, or RLp / RLs≥4, or RLp / RLs≥5.

5. The laminated glass as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The RLs are ≤20%, or RLs are ≤15%, or RLs are ≤10%, or RLs are ≤6%.

6. The laminated glass as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The display area has a maximum P-light reflectance RLpmax and a minimum P-light reflectance RLpmin for P-polarized light with wavelengths of 450nm-650nm incident at an incident angle of 70°. The difference between the maximum P-light reflectance and the minimum P-light reflectance is RLpmax-RLpmin≤5%, or RLpmax-RLpmin≤4%, RLpmax-RLpmin≤3%, RLpmax-RLpmin≤2%, RLpmax-RLpmin≤1%, or RLpmax-RLpmin≤0.5%.

7. The laminated glass as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The shielding area includes a bottom shielding area located below the light-transmitting area, and the display area is located within the bottom shielding area.

8. The laminated glass as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The ratio of the total area of ​​the display area to the area of ​​the bottom shading area is greater than or equal to 10%.

9. The laminated glass as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The ratio of the total area of ​​the display area to the area of ​​the bottom shielding area is 10% to 110%, or 15% to 105%, or 20% to 100%, or 30% to 95%, or 40% to 90%.

10. The laminated glass as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, The laminated glass includes a first glass plate, an adhesive layer, a second glass plate, a shielding layer, and a reflective element. The first glass plate has a first surface and a second surface, the second glass plate has a third surface and a fourth surface, the adhesive layer connects the second surface and the third surface, the shielding layer is disposed within the shielding area, the reflective element is disposed within the shielding area and at least covers the display area, and the shielding layer is located between the first glass plate and the reflective element.

11. The laminated glass as claimed in claim 10, characterized in that, The material of the shielding layer is selected from at least one of dark ink, opaque polymer film, and dimming film.

12. The laminated glass as described in claim 10, characterized in that, The shielding area includes a bottom shielding area located below the light-transmitting area. The display area is located within the bottom shielding area. The shielding layer within the bottom shielding area is composed of a first shielding sub-layer and a second shielding sub-layer. The material of the first shielding sub-layer is dark ink, and the material of the second shielding sub-layer is an opaque polymer film or a dimming film.

13. The laminated glass as described in claim 10, characterized in that, The laminated glass further includes a heat insulation layer, which is selected from at least one of single silver nano-coating, double silver nano-coating, triple silver nano-coating, quadruple silver nano-coating, ITO nano-coating, FTO nano-coating, and infrared blocking micron coating. The total solar transmittance of the laminated glass having the heat insulation layer is less than or equal to 55%.

14. The laminated glass as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, A transparent glass plate with a thickness of 2.1 mm has a visible light transmittance TL0, and the transparent glass plate with the reflective element has a visible light transmittance TL1, where TL0 ≥ 88% and TL1 ≤ 15%.

15. The laminated glass as claimed in claim 14, characterized in that, The TL1 and TL0 satisfy the following conditions: TL1 / TL0≤0.15, or TL1 / TL0≤0.1, or TL1 / TL0≤0.05, or TL1 / TL0≤0.01, or TL1 / TL0≤0.005, or TL1 / TL0≤0.

001.

16. The laminated glass as claimed in claim 10, characterized in that, The reflective element includes at least one stacked structure, each of the stacked structures including an absorption layer and a low refractive index layer stacked sequentially along the arrangement direction from the first glass plate to the second glass plate, wherein the extinction coefficient of the absorption layer at a wavelength of 550 nm is greater than 0.1, and the refractive index of the low refractive index layer at a wavelength of 550 nm is less than 1.

8.

17. The laminated glass as claimed in claim 16, characterized in that, The extinction coefficient of the absorption layer at a wavelength of 550 nm is ≥0.5, or ≥1, or ≥1.5, or ≥2, or ≥2.5, or ≥3, or ≥3.

5.

18. The laminated glass as claimed in claim 16, characterized in that, The material of the absorber layer is selected from at least one element or alloy of Si, Ni, Cr, Al, Ti, Nb, Mo, Sn, Zn, Zr, and Mg.

19. The laminated glass as claimed in claim 16, characterized in that, The total physical thickness of the absorption layer in the reflective element is 10nm to 100nm, or 25nm to 85nm, or 35nm to 75nm.

20. The laminated glass as claimed in claim 16, characterized in that, The physical thickness of the absorption layer furthest from the fourth surface in the reflective element is ≥15nm, or ≥20nm, or ≥25nm.

21. The laminated glass as claimed in claim 16, characterized in that, The reflective element is directly disposed on the fourth surface; Alternatively, the shielding layer is provided on the fourth surface, and the reflective element is directly disposed on the surface of the shielding layer that is away from the fourth surface; Alternatively, an ultrathin substrate is disposed on the fourth surface, the ultrathin substrate having a fifth surface facing the fourth surface and a sixth surface facing away from the fourth surface, the reflective element being directly disposed on the fifth surface or the sixth surface, the thickness of the ultrathin substrate being 0.05 mm to 1.0 mm, and the material of the ultrathin substrate being soda-lime glass, or high-alumina glass, or lithium aluminum glass, or borosilicate glass, or polyethylene terephthalate, or polycarbonate.

22. A projection system, characterized in that, The projection system includes a projection device and a laminated glass as described in any one of claims 1-21. The projection device is used to generate projection light, the projection light containing at least 80% P-polarized light, the projection light being incident on at least one display area within the shielded area at an incident angle of 38° to 85°, and the display area reflecting the projection light to form a display image.

Images