Precession fluid turbine

Abstract

A precession fluid turbine comprising a stator (1) with an inlet fluid opening (3) and an outlet fluid opening (4). In the stator (1), a bladeless rolling rotor (2) constituted by a body of a rotary shape is mounted on a holding device (5). The holding device (5) is adapted to enable circular rolling of the rotor (2) along the inner wall of the stator (1). At least one permanent magnet (6) is arranged in the rotor (2) and at least one coil (7) is arranged on the rolling plane of the magnet (6) in the stator (1). The coil / s (7) is / are arranged in the stator (1) in the locations where the peaks of the closed hypocycloid curve (8) of the motion trajectory of the magnet / s (6) during the rolling of the rotor (2) touch / s the wall of the stator (1).

Description

[0001] Precession fluid turbine

[0002] Technical field The invention relates to a precession fluid turbine comprising a stator with an inlet fluid opening and an outlet fluid opening wherein in the stator, a bladeless rolling rotor constituted by a body of a rotary shape is mounted on a holding device, and the holding device is adapted to enable circular rolling of the rotor along the inner wall of the stator wherein at least one permanent magnet is arranged in the rotor and at least one coil is arranged on the rolling plane of the magnet in the stator.

[0003] Background art Fluid machines are known that have a stator with an inlet fluid opening and an outlet fluid opening, and in the stator, a bladeless rolling rotor constituted by a body of a rotary shape is mounted on a holding device. The holding device is adapted to enable circular rolling of the rotor along the inner wall of the stator. After bringing fluid to the stator the streaming fluid will make the rotor touch the inner wall of the stator and start rolling along the inner wall of the stator in a circular manner. Thus, the rotor performs a precession as well as rotary motion. Therefore, such machines are sometimes also called precession machines.

[0004] A common problem of all known rolling, or precession turbines, respectively is how to transform the obtained mechanical energy to electric energy.

[0005] One of preferred embodiments according to the Czech patent no, 284483 and the European patent no. EP1015760 B1 suggests installing a set of magnets directly in the rotor, and then installing a system of magnetic coils on their level in the wall of the output nozzle. Rolling of the rotor causes a relative movement between the magnets and the coils, which leads to induction of electric current. However, the practice has shown that a disadvantage of the above-described solution is the fact that rotation of the rotor around its axis, which is the resuit of its rolling along the inner wall of the stator, is insufficiently fast and the interaction between the magnets and coils causing the electromagnetic induction is instable and is accompanied by low efficiency. All these disadvantages can be ascribed to rolling of the rotor inside the stator, i.e, the precession motion of the rotor, when one 360-degree revolution of the rotor consists of more its roiling motions in the stator due to the fluid flowing through. It is the object of the solution to propose such a design of a precession fluid turbine to be able to efficiently transform the mechanical energy of the turbine rotor to electric energy with the use of the precession motion of the rotor.

[0006] Summary of the invention

[0007] The said object is achieved through a precession fluid turbine comprising a stator with an inlet fluid opening and an outlet fluid opening wherein in the stator, a bladeless rolling rotor constituted by a body of a rotary shape is mounted on a holding device, and the holding device is adapted to enable circular rolling of the rotor along the inner wall of the stator wherein at least one permanent magnet is arranged in the rotor and at least one coil is arranged on the rolling plane of the magnet in the stator, according to the invention the principle of which is that the coil / s is / are arranged in the stator in the locations where the peaks of the closed hypocycloid curve of the motion trajectory of the magnet / s during the rolling of the rotor touch / s the wall of the stator.

[0008] An advantage of the solution according to the invention is that due to the closed hypocycloid curve, each magnet on the rotor meets the metallic core of each coll on the stator, and the motion of these magnets towards and from a certain coil leads to electromagnetic induction. Another advantage is that the metallic core of a coil attracts the magnet to itself with a certain force that helps to maintain an unchanged hypocycloid trajectory, which reinforces stability of its course.

[0009] 5 In a preferred embodiment, the axes of metallic cores of all the coils intersect in the same place on the axis of the stator.

[0010] In still another preferred embodiment, at all the peaks of the hypocycloid curve of the motion trajectory of the magnet, the axis of the respective magnet coincides m with the axis of the metallic core of the respective coil.

[0011] In another preferred embodiment, the metallic cores of the coils are equipped with a mechanism for axial adjustment of the coil cores and / or the magnets are equipped with a mechanism for axial adjustment of the magnets.

[0012] 15

[0013] The mechanisms for axial adjustment of the cores and / or mechanism tor axial adjustment of the magnets may be controlled mechanically or electrically.

[0014] Brief Description of Drawings

[0015] 20

[0016] The invention will be described in a more detailed way with reference to several embodiment examples of a precession fluid turbine according to the invention shown in the attached drawing wherein individual figures represent:

[0017] 25 Fig. 1 - a simplified drawing of an embodiment example of a precession fluid turbine according to the invention;

[0018] Fig. 2 -- an embodiment example of the precession fluid turbine according to Fig.

[0019] 1 where the hypocycloid curve has eleven branches, the rotor has eleven 30 magnets and the stator has eleven coils:

[0020] Fig. 3 ~ an embodiment example of a precession fluid turbine according to the invention where at all the peaks of the hypocycloid curve of the motion trajectory of the magnet, the axis of the respective magnet coincides with the axis of the metallic core of the respective coil;

[0021] Fig. 4 - an embodiment example of a precession fluid turbine according to the invention with schematically indicated mechanisms for axial adjustment of the coil cores and mechanisms for axial adjustment of the magnets.

[0022] Examples of embodiments The first embodiment example of a precession fluid turbine according to Fig. 1 and 2 comprises a stator 1 of a non-ferromagnetic material with a fluid inlet opening 3 and a fluid outlet opening 4.

[0023] In the stator f on a holding device 5, a bladeless rolling rotor 2 is mounted that has the shape of a partly flattened sphere, but any body of a rotary shape can be used.

[0024] The holding device 5 is only shown schematically wherein skilled persons will find it obvious that any holding device 5 can be used that enables circular rolling of the rotor 2 on the inner wall of the stator 1.

[0025] In the embodiment example of Fig, 1, the holding device 5 consists of a rod that is fixed to the bottom side of the rotor 2 and protrudes downwards towards the fixed support. At the end adjacent to the fixed support, the rod has a sphere that fits into a recess in the fixed support and supports the rotor 2.

[0026] All the embodiments of the precession turbine according to the invention operate in the same way. Fluid is supplied to the stator 1 through the inlet opening 3 to flow out of the stator 1 through the outlet opening 4. When the fluid has been supplied to the stator 1 , the rotor 2 will be tilted towards the stator 1 wall (see

[0027] Figs. 3 and 4) and start to roll on the inner wall of the stator 1 in a circular manner. At the same time, the axis of the rotor 2 performs a precession motion. In the embodiment example shown in Fig, 1 , just one permanent magnet 6 is displayed in the rotor 2, and on the rolling plane of the magnet 6, a coil 7 is arranged in the stator 1. Fig, 2 then shows this embodiment of Fig, 1 in a top view wherein there are actually eleven coils 7 and they are arranged in the stator 1 in places where the peaks of the closed hypocycloid curve 8 of the motion trajectory of the magnets 6 during the rolling of the rotor 2 touch the stator 1 walls.

[0028] During the rolling of the rotor 2 along the inner wall of the stator 1, each permanent magnet 6 on the rotor 2 follows the course of a hypocycloid curve 8 (see Fig. 2) and due to the closed hypocycloid curve 8 it always approximates the metallic core 9 of each coil 7 on the stator 2. During the movement of the permanent magnets 6 towards the coil 7 cores 9 and subsequently from them, electric current is generated in the coils 7, which is conducted by a not displayed line.

[0029] The magnets 6 of the rotor 2 are attracted to the metallic cores 9 of the coils 7 in the stator 1. Naturally, the stator 1 must not be made of ferromagnetic materials. The magnetic force between the metallic cores 9 of the coils 7 and the magnets 6 is a force that, during the approximation of the magnet 6 to the coil 7, for a certain short time period supports the rolling of the rotor 2 in the stator 1 , and thus generation of electricity, because the core 9 of the coil 7 attracts the magnet 6, and consequently the rotor 2 to itself. Subsequently, the flowing fluid separates the rotor 2 and the respective magnet 6 with the corresponding force so that the rolling of the rotor 6 can continue. Here, electricity is generated again. The rotor 2 cannot slip in the stator 1 , because the rotation of the rotor 2 is not braked by anything. On the contrary, it is just the attraction of the magnet 6 to the iron core 9 of the coil 7 that reinforces stability of the hypocycloid curve 8 of the magnet 6 trajectory.

[0030] According to a preferred embodiment, which is not shown here, the axes of the metallic cores 9 of all the coils 7 intersect in the same place on the axis of the stator 1. PC17CZ2025 / 000020

[0031] In the preferred embodiment of Fig. 3. at all the peaks of the hypocycloid curve 8 of the motion trajectory of the magnet 6, the axis of the respective magnet 6 coincides with the axis of the metallic core 9 of the respective coil 7.

[0032] Fig. 4 shows a precession fluid turbine according to the invention where the metallic cores 9 of the coils 7 are equipped with a mechanism 10 for axial adjustment of the coil cores 9 in the direction of their axes and the magnets 7 are fitted with a mechanism 11 for axial adjustment of the magnets 7 in the direction of their axes.

[0033] Skilled persons will find it obvious that the mechanisms 10 for axial adjustment of the core 9 and the mechanisms 11 for axial adjustment of the magnets 7 may be controlled either mechanically or electrically wherein any known suitable drives may be used. The adjustment may be carried out both during the operation (electronically), and at a stillstand of the machine (mechanically).

[0034] List of reference signs

[0035] 1 stator

[0036] 2 rotor

[0037] 3 inlet opening

[0038] 4 outlet opening

[0039] 5 holding device

[0040] 6 permanent magnet

[0041] 7 coll

[0042] 8 hypocycloid curve

[0043] 9 metallic core

[0044] 10 mechanism for axial adjustment of the coil cores

[0045] 11 mechanism for axial adjustment of the magnets

Claims

CLAIMS1 . A precession fluid turbine comprising a stator (1) with an inlet fluid opening (3) and an outlet fluid opening (4) wherein in the stator (1), a bladeless roiling rotor (2) constituted by a body of a rotary shape is mounted on a holding device (5), and the holding device (5) is adapted to enable circular rolling of the rotor (2) along the inner wall of the stator (1 ) wherein at least one permanent magnet (6) is arranged in the rotor (2) and at least one coil (7) is arranged on the rolling plane of the magnet (6) in the stator (1), characterized in that the coil / s (7) is / are arranged in the stator (1 ) in the locations where the peaks of the closed hypocycloid curve (8) of the motion trajectory of the magnet / s (6) during the rolling of the rotor (2) touch / s the wall of the stator (1).

2. The precession fluid turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that the axes of the metallic cores (9) of all the coils (7) intersect in the same place on the axis of the stator (1).

3. The precession fluid turbine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that at all the peaks of the hypocycloid curve (8) of the motion trajectory of the magnet (6), the axis of the respective magnet (6) coincides with the axis of the metallic core (9) of the respective curve (7).

4. The precession fluid turbine according to any of claims claim 1 , 2 or 3, characterized in that the metallic cores (9) of the coils (7) are equipped with a mechanism (10) for axial adjustment of the coil cores (9) and / or the magnets (7) are equipped with a mechanism (11 ) for axial adjustment of the magnets (7).

5. The precession fluid turbine according to claim 4, characterized in that the mechanisms (10) for axial adjustment of the core (9) and / or mechanisms (11 ) for axial adjustment of the magnets (7) are controlled mechanically or electrically.

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