Downhole signal transmission device, and downhole ranging system and method

Abstract

A downhole signal transmission device, and a downhole ranging system and method. The downhole signal transmission device comprises: a signal transmission drill collar and a signal processing sub (6); the signal transmission drill collar comprises: a first non-magnetic conductive drill collar (1), an insulating non-magnetic drill collar (2) and a second non-magnetic conductive drill collar (7) which are connected in sequence, and the first non-magnetic conductive drill collar (1) and the second non-magnetic conductive drill collar (7) are connected to a power supply, respectively, so as to form a wireless transmission antenna; a cavity is formed inside the signal transmission drill collar, the signal processing sub (6) is arranged in the cavity of the signal transmission drill collar, and the signal processing sub encodes and modulates a received downhole measurement signal to obtain a first voltage signal, and transmits the first voltage signal to the signal transmission drill collar; and during the downhole movement of the signal transmission drill collar, the signal transmission drill collar generates a first electromagnetic wave signal on the basis of the first voltage signal, and sends the first electromagnetic wave signal to the ground.

Description

Downhole signal transmission device, downhole ranging system and method

[0001] Cross-reference to related applications

[0002] This application claims the benefit of Chinese Patent Application No. 202411226571.7, filed September 3, 2024, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. TECHNICAL FIELD

[0003] The present application relates to the technical field of underground resource drilling engineering, in particular to a downhole signal transmission device, a downhole ranging system, a downhole ranging method, a computer device and a computer readable storage medium. BACKGROUND

[0004] With the rapid development of logging while drilling technology, drilling operations will be carried out in deeper and more complex geological conditions, and oil, coal and other resource exploration and exploitation will face severe challenges such as high temperature and high pressure. Therefore, if the exploration of the geological environment is not accurate or the design and operation of the instrument is problematic, it is likely to cause a blowout accident. The rescue well technology is one of the most effective means to solve the blowout accident in the world today, and how to accurately and quickly obtain the position information of the accident well is the core technology of the rescue well operation.

[0005] The rescue well ranging tools at home and abroad can be divided into active ranging systems and passive ranging systems. The active ranging system generates or changes certain signal quantities by applying new excitation to the accident well, and then measures these signals. The passive ranging system detects the influence of the magnetic medium such as the casing and drill pipe in the accident well on the geomagnetic field to obtain the position information of the accident well. When a blowout occurs, the accident well often cannot be approached, and the distance between the rescue well and the accident well is often far away. Therefore, we use an active ranging system for long-distance detection, and the detection accuracy is higher than that of a passive ranging system.

[0006] At present, the signal transmission methods for rescue wells mainly include wired transmission and wireless transmission. The wired transmission method adds a cable conductor inside the drill pipe, and the signal is transmitted along the cable to the ground for processing. This method is difficult to implement in deep wells, and it is time-consuming and tedious to frequently raise and lower the drill. Mud pulse transmission is one of the main ways of wireless transmission, which uses pressure pulse as a signal carrier and transmits through the flushing fluid in the drill string. This technology solves the problems existing in wired transmission technology, but at the same time, the mud pulse transmission technology is greatly affected by the drilling fluid and the drilling method, and the transmission rate is slow. SUMMARY

[0007] In order to solve the above technical defects, the application provides a downhole signal transmission device, a downhole ranging system and a method, the downhole signal transmission device forms a wireless transmission antenna through a signal transmission drill collar, processes a downhole measurement signal through a signal processing joint to obtain a voltage signal, and generates an electromagnetic wave signal by using the voltage signal and sends the electromagnetic wave signal to the ground, so as to realize the transmission of the downhole measurement signal to the ground through a wireless transmission mode and solve the problem of slow transmission rate.

[0008] The first aspect of the application provides a downhole signal transmission device, comprising a signal transmission drill collar and a signal processing joint.

[0009] The signal transmission drill collar comprises a first non-magnetic conductive drill collar, an insulating non-magnetic drill collar and a second non-magnetic conductive drill collar connected in sequence, the first non-magnetic conductive drill collar and the second non-magnetic conductive drill collar are connected with a power supply respectively, and the first non-magnetic conductive drill collar, the insulating non-magnetic drill collar and the second non-magnetic conductive drill collar constitute a wireless transmission antenna.

[0010] The signal transmission drill collar has a cavity inside, the signal processing joint is arranged in the cavity of the signal transmission drill collar, the signal processing joint is used for encoding and modulating a received downhole measurement signal to obtain a first voltage signal, and the first voltage signal is transmitted to the signal transmission drill collar.

[0011] The signal transmission drill collar generates a first electromagnetic wave signal according to the first voltage signal during the movement of the signal transmission drill collar in the downhole and sends the first electromagnetic wave signal to the ground.

[0012] In the embodiment of the application, the insulating non-magnetic drill collar comprises a non-magnetic drill collar and an insulating coating, the non-magnetic drill collar is a metal drill collar, and the insulating coating is coated on the surface of the metal drill collar.

[0013] In the embodiment of the application, the device further comprises a probe joint, and the probe joint is connected with the signal processing joint.

[0014] The probe joint is used for acquiring a downhole measurement signal and sending the downhole measurement signal to the signal processing joint.

[0015] In the embodiment of the application, the device further comprises an insulating joint.

[0016] The insulating joint is arranged between the probe joint and the signal processing joint and is used for separating the probe joint and the signal processing joint.

[0017] In the embodiment of the application, the device further comprises a battery joint.

[0018] The battery short section is used for powering the probe short section, the signal processing short section and the signal transmission drill collar.

[0019] In the embodiment of the present application, the lower end of the first non-magnetic conductive drill collar is connected with the upper end of an insulating non-magnetic drill collar, the lower end of the insulating non-magnetic drill collar is connected with the upper end of the second non-magnetic conductive drill collar, and the first non-magnetic conductive drill collar, the second non-magnetic conductive drill collar and the insulating non-magnetic drill collar constitute a dipole antenna.

[0020] In the embodiment of the present application, the signal transmission drill collar is further used for receiving a second electromagnetic wave signal of a control instruction from the ground, and a second voltage signal is obtained according to the received second electromagnetic wave signal.

[0021] The signal processing short section is further used for decoding and demodulating the second voltage signal transmitted by the signal transmission drill collar to obtain the control instruction from the ground.

[0022] In the embodiment of the present application, the device further comprises a mud pulse signal transmission assembly.

[0023] The mud pulse signal transmission assembly is connected with the probe short section.

[0024] The mud pulse signal transmission assembly is used for converting a downhole measurement signal from the probe short section into a mud pulse pressure signal and sending the mud pulse pressure signal to the ground.

[0025] In the embodiment of the present application, the mud pulse signal transmission assembly comprises a mud pulse generator, a piston and a circulation sleeve.

[0026] The lower end of the mud pulse generator is connected with the upper end of the piston, and the lower end of the piston is connected with the circulation sleeve.

[0027] The mud pulse signal transmission assembly encodes the downhole measurement signal through the mud pulse generator and modulates the downhole measurement signal into a mud pressure signal, controls the flow of hydraulic oil in the piston according to the mud pressure signal, and controls the flow area of the mud through the circulation sleeve to control the pressure of the mud, so as to generate a mud pulse pressure signal.

[0028] The second aspect of the present application provides a downhole ranging system for obtaining position information of an accident well, the system comprising: a pulse electric emission device and a downhole signal transmission device as described above.

[0029] The pulse electric emission device is used for applying an excitation electric signal to the casing of the accident well after blowout of the accident well to form a magnetic field on the casing of the accident well.

[0030] The downhole signal transmission device is installed in a rescue well, is used for detecting a magnetic field generated by a casing of an accident well, obtaining a positioning signal of the accident well, and transmitting the positioning signal of the accident well to the ground.

[0031] In the embodiment of the present application, the downhole ranging system further comprises a data processing device, which is used for receiving the positioning signal of the accident well transmitted by the downhole signal transmission device, processing the received positioning signal of the accident well, and obtaining position information of the accident well.

[0032] In the embodiment of the present application, the data processing device is further used for inputting a control instruction for controlling the downhole signal transmission device, encoding and modulating the control instruction to obtain a second electromagnetic wave signal, and transmitting the second electromagnetic wave signal to the downhole signal transmission device.

[0033] The downhole signal transmission device processes the received second electromagnetic wave signal to obtain the control instruction.

[0034] The third aspect of the present application provides a downhole ranging method, comprising:

[0035] After blowout of the accident well, an excitation electric signal is applied to the casing of the accident well by the pulse electric emission device to form a magnetic field on the casing of the accident well.

[0036] The downhole signal transmission device is installed in a rescue well, is used for detecting a magnetic field generated by a casing of an accident well, obtaining a positioning signal of the accident well, and transmitting the positioning signal of the accident well to the ground.

[0037] In the embodiment of the present application, the method further comprises:

[0038] The downhole signal transmission device is installed in a rescue well, is used for detecting a magnetic field generated by a casing of an accident well, obtaining a positioning signal of the accident well, and transmitting the positioning signal of the accident well to the ground.

[0039] In the embodiment of the present application, the method further comprises:

[0040] The downhole signal transmission device is installed in a rescue well, is used for detecting a magnetic field generated by a casing of an accident well, obtaining a positioning signal of the accident well, and transmitting the positioning signal of the accident well to the ground.

[0041] The downhole signal transmission device processes the received second electromagnetic wave signal to obtain the control instruction.

[0042] The fourth aspect of the present application provides a computer device, comprising:

[0043] a memory storing a computer program;

[0044] a processor configured to execute the computer program to implement the downhole ranging method.

[0045] The fifth aspect of the present application provides a computer readable storage medium storing a computer program, which is executed by a processor to implement the downhole ranging method.

[0046] The downhole signal transmission device forms a wireless transmission antenna through the signal transmission drill collar, processes the downhole measurement signal through the signal processing short section to obtain a voltage signal, and uses the voltage signal to generate an electromagnetic wave signal and send it to the ground, so as to realize the transmission of the downhole measurement signal to the ground through wireless transmission, and solve the problem of slow transmission rate through the communication of the electromagnetic wave signal.

[0047] Other features and advantages of the present application will be described in detail in the specific implementation manner part below. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0048] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application, form a part of the application and, along with the specific embodiments thereof, illustrate the specific embodiments of the application and are used to explain the application, but do not constitute improper limitations on the application. In the drawings:

[0049] Fig. 1 is a general structural layout of a rescue well provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0050] Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of a downhole signal transmission device provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0051] Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of a signal transmission drill collar provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0052] Fig. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of a downhole ranging system provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0053] Fig. 5 is a flowchart of a downhole ranging method provided by the embodiment of the present application.

[0054] Reference signs 1-1st non-magnetic conductive drill collar, 2-insulating non-magnetic drill collar, 3-fishing spear, 4-probe short section, 5-insulating short section, 6-signal processing short section, 7-2nd non-magnetic conductive drill collar, 8-battery short section, 9-mud pulse generator, 10-directional joint, 11-piston, 12-circulating sleeve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0055] In order to make the technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer and more apparent, the following further describes exemplary embodiments of the present application in detail with reference to the drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. It should be noted that the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0056] In addition, the terms "first", "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined with "first", "second" can explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features.

[0057] In the present application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connection", "connecting", "fixing" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, can be fixed connection, or detachable connection, or integrated; can be mechanical connection, or electrical connection or can communicate with each other; can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; can be the internal communication of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0058] In the process of implementing the present application, the inventors found that with the rapid development of logging while drilling technology, drilling operations will be carried out in deeper and more complex geological conditions, and oil, coal and other resource exploration and exploitation will face severe challenges such as high temperature and high pressure. Therefore, if the exploration of the geological environment is not accurate or the design and operation of the instrument has a problem, it is likely to cause a blowout accident. The rescue well technology is one of the most effective means to solve the blowout accident in the world today, and how to accurately and quickly obtain the position information of the accident well is the core technology of the rescue well operation.

[0059] At present, the signal transmission mode for the rescue well mainly includes wired transmission and wireless transmission. The wired transmission mode adds a cable lead in the drill pipe, and the signal is transmitted along the cable to the ground for processing. This mode is difficult to implement when the well depth is deep, and it is time-consuming and tedious to frequently raise and lower the drill. Mud pulse transmission is one of the main ways of wireless transmission, which uses pressure pulse as a signal carrier and transmits through the flushing fluid in the drill string. This technology solves the problems existing in wired transmission technology, but at the same time, the mud pulse transmission technology is greatly affected by the drilling fluid and the drilling method, and the transmission rate is slow.

[0060] In view of the above problems, the embodiment of the present application provides a downhole signal transmission device, which comprises a signal transmission drill collar and a signal processing short section 6; the signal transmission drill collar comprises a first non-magnetic conductive drill collar 1, a second non-magnetic conductive drill collar 7 and an insulating non-magnetic drill collar 2 connected in sequence, the first non-magnetic conductive drill collar 1 and the second non-magnetic conductive drill collar 7 are connected with a power supply respectively, and the first non-magnetic conductive drill collar 1, the insulating non-magnetic drill collar 2 and the second non-magnetic conductive drill collar 7 constitute a wireless transmission antenna; the signal transmission drill collar has a cavity inside, the signal processing short section 6 is arranged in the cavity of the signal transmission drill collar, the signal processing short section 6 is used for encoding and modulating a received downhole measurement signal to obtain a first voltage signal, and the first voltage signal is transmitted to the signal transmission drill collar; the signal transmission drill collar generates a first electromagnetic wave signal according to the first voltage signal during the movement of the signal transmission drill collar downhole, and sends the first electromagnetic wave signal to the ground. The downhole signal transmission device forms a wireless transmission antenna through the signal transmission drill collar, processes a downhole measurement signal through the signal processing short section 6 to obtain a first voltage signal, and the signal transmission drill collar generates an electromagnetic wave signal by using the first voltage signal and sends the electromagnetic wave signal to the ground, so as to realize the transmission of the downhole measurement signal to the ground in a wireless transmission mode, and the problem of slow transmission rate is solved through the communication of the electromagnetic wave signal.

[0061] Figure 1 is a general structure layout of a rescue well provided by the embodiment of the present application, as shown in Figure 1, in the prior art, the general layout of the rescue well is shown in Figure 1, and the well-ground current injection method is usually adopted, the transmitting electrode is located in the rescue well, the loop electrode is located on the ground, and the transmitting electrode and the loop electrode on the ground are provided with low-frequency and high-amplitude alternating current by the alternating current power supply on the ground. The current flowing into the formation from the transmitting electrode can be divided into two parts, a small part of which directly flows to the loop electrode on the ground, and most of the current flows to the casing of the accident well to be measured, and the current is gathered on the casing as low-frequency alternating current. The detection short section located in the rescue well detects the magnetic field generated by the gathered current on the casing, analyzes and processes the detected magnetic field information, obtains downhole measurement signals, and realizes the positioning of the accident well.

[0062] Figure 2 is a structure schematic view of the downhole signal transmission device provided by the embodiment of the present application. In Figure 2, the instrument is divided into several parts because the instrument is too long, and the dashed lines represent that the parts are directly connected. As shown in Figure 2, the downhole signal transmission device provided by the embodiment comprises a signal transmission drill collar and a signal processing short section 6;

[0063] Figure 3 is a structural schematic diagram of the signal transmission drill collar provided by the embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 3, the signal transmission drill collar comprises a first non-magnetic conductive drill collar 1, a second non-magnetic conductive drill collar 7 and an insulating non-magnetic drill collar 2 connected in sequence, the first non-magnetic conductive drill collar 1 and the second non-magnetic conductive drill collar 7 are respectively connected with a power supply, and the first non-magnetic conductive drill collar 1, the insulating non-magnetic drill collar 2 and the second non-magnetic conductive drill collar 7 constitute a wireless transmission antenna.

[0064] The signal transmission drill collar has a cavity inside, the signal processing short section 6 is arranged in the cavity of the signal transmission drill collar, the signal processing short section 6 is used for encoding and modulating the received downhole measurement signal to obtain a first voltage signal, and the first voltage signal is transmitted to the signal transmission drill collar; the signal transmission drill collar generates a first electromagnetic wave signal according to the first voltage signal during the movement in the well and sends the first electromagnetic wave signal to the ground.

[0065] Specifically, the first non-magnetic conductive drill collar 1 and the second non-magnetic conductive drill collar 7 adopt non-magnetic materials, which are used for separating the circuit in each functional short section in the signal transmission drill collar and the magnetic flux gate sensing device from the magnetic material. The functional short section includes a signal processing short section 6, a probe pipe short section 4, a battery short section 8 and a mud pulse generator. The magnetic material includes a drill pipe.

[0066] The first non-magnetic conductive drill collar 1 and the second non-magnetic conductive drill collar 7 are respectively used as two electrodes of the signal transmission drill collar, the two electrodes are connected through the insulating non-magnetic drill collar 2 to form a large dipole antenna, and a complete transmission channel of the electromagnetic wave signal in the rescue well is constituted.

[0067] The signal processing short section 6 applies the first voltage signal to the two electrodes of the signal transmission drill collar, and the first voltage signal applied to the two electrodes generates a current in the loop of the signal transmission drill collar. During the movement in the well, the signal transmission drill collar with the current generates an alternating electromagnetic field, thereby radiating the first electromagnetic wave signal.

[0068] The embodiment divides the drill collar into three sections, i.e., the first non-magnetic conductive drill collar 1, the insulating non-magnetic drill collar 2 and the second non-magnetic conductive drill collar 7, and the above three sections of the drill collar form a wireless transmission antenna, which is used for transmitting the downhole measurement signal obtained by the probe pipe short section 4 in the drill string to the ground. The signal transmission drill string transmits the downhole measurement signal to the ground in a wireless transmission mode, solves the problems of the traditional wired transmission mode, such as difficult implementation in a deep well, complicated operation and long time consumption, and solves the problems of the mud pulse transmission mode, such as small data transmission amount and slow transmission rate.

[0069] In the embodiment, the signal wireless transmission is realized by changing the material and structure of the drill collar, the structure is simple, no other complex process is involved, and the cost is low.

[0070] In the embodiment, the insulated non-magnetic drill collar 2 comprises a non-magnetic drill collar and an insulating coating, the non-magnetic drill collar is a metal drill collar, and the insulating coating is coated on the surface of the metal drill collar. The insulated non-magnetic drill collar 2 in the embodiment is combined by a metal drill collar and an insulating coating. Different from the non-magnetic drill collar made of ceramic material in the prior art, the problem that the ceramic drill collar cannot guarantee strong torque construction under complex working conditions is solved.

[0071] In the embodiment, the device further comprises a probe pipe joint 4.

[0072] The probe pipe joint 4 is connected with the signal processing joint 6, and the probe pipe joint 4 is used to acquire a downhole measurement signal and send the downhole measurement signal to the signal processing joint 6. Further, the probe pipe joint 4 is provided with a circuit and a fluxgate sensor for detecting magnetic field information in space, and the downhole measurement signal is obtained according to the detected magnetic field information in space.

[0073] In the embodiment, the upper end of the probe pipe joint 4 is further connected with a fishing spear 3, and the fishing spear 3 is used to fish the functional joints in the signal transmission drill collar.

[0074] In the embodiment, the device further comprises an insulating joint 5.

[0075] The insulating joint 5 is arranged between the probe pipe joint 4 and the signal processing joint 6, and is used to separate the probe pipe joint 4 and the signal processing joint 6.

[0076] In the embodiment, the device further comprises a battery joint 8.

[0077] The battery joint 8 supplies power to the probe pipe joint 4, the signal processing joint 6 and the signal transmission drill collar. That is, in the embodiment, the battery joint 8 is a power supply.

[0078] In the embodiment, the lower end of the first non-magnetic conductive drill collar 1 is connected with the upper end of the insulated non-magnetic drill collar 2, the lower end of the insulated non-magnetic drill collar 2 is connected with the upper end of the second non-magnetic conductive drill collar 7, and the first non-magnetic conductive drill collar 1, the second non-magnetic conductive drill collar 7 and the insulated non-magnetic drill collar 2 constitute a dipole antenna.

[0079] In the embodiment, the signal transmission drill collar is further used to receive a second electromagnetic wave signal of a control instruction from the ground, and a second voltage signal is obtained according to the received second electromagnetic wave signal.

[0080] The signal processing short section 6 is also used for decoding and demodulating the second voltage signal transmitted by the signal transmission drill collar to obtain the control instruction from the ground.

[0081] The signal processing short section 6 transmits the control instruction to the probe pipe short section 4, and the probe pipe short section 4 detects various signals in the formation according to the control instruction.

[0082] The embodiment realizes the bidirectional communication between the underground rescue well and the ground by transmitting the downhole measurement signal to the ground through the signal transmission drill collar and receiving the control instruction transmitted from the ground.

[0083] In the embodiment, the device further comprises a mud pulse signal transmission assembly.

[0084] The mud pulse signal transmission assembly is connected with the probe pipe short section 4, and is used for converting the downhole measurement signal from the probe pipe short section 4 into a mud pulse pressure signal and transmitting the mud pulse pressure signal to the ground.

[0085] In the embodiment, the mud pulse signal transmission assembly comprises a mud pulse generator 9, a piston 11 and a circulation sleeve 12.

[0086] The lower end of the mud pulse generator 9 is connected with the upper end of the piston 11, and the lower end of the piston 11 is connected with the circulation sleeve 12.

[0087] The mud pulse signal transmission assembly encodes the downhole measurement signal through the mud pulse generator 9 and modulates the downhole measurement signal into a mud pressure signal, controls the flow of hydraulic oil in the piston 11 according to the mud pressure signal, and controls the flow area of the mud through the circulation sleeve 12 to control the pressure of the mud, so as to generate a mud pulse pressure signal.

[0088] Further, the mud pulse signal transmission assembly further comprises a directional sub 10, the upper end of the directional sub 10 is connected with the lower end of the second non-magnetic conductive drill collar 7, the directional sub 10 has a cavity, and the piston 11 and the circulation sleeve 12 are arranged in the cavity of the directional sub 10.

[0089] The mud pulse generator 9 is used for encoding and modulating the downhole measurement data into a mud pressure signal, the piston 11 controls the flow of hydraulic oil according to the mud pressure signal to control the pressure of the mud, and the circulation sleeve 12 is used for controlling the flow area of the mud, and the mud pulse generator, the piston 11 and the circulation sleeve 12 work together to generate a mud pulse pressure signal.

[0090] The embodiment also sends the downhole measurement signal to the ground through the mud pulse signal transmission assembly. The two mechanisms of the signal transmission drill collar and the mud pulse signal transmission assembly are used to transmit the downhole measurement signal, which can ensure that the two mechanisms are backup for each other, and can send the downhole measurement signal to the ground through the two mechanisms, thereby solving the technical problem that the prior art cannot send a large amount of downhole measurement data.

[0091] Figure 4 is a structural schematic diagram of a downhole ranging system provided by the embodiment of the application. As shown in Figure 4, the downhole ranging system provided by the embodiment is used to obtain the position information of the accident well, and comprises a pulse electric emission device and a downhole signal transmission device as described above;

[0092] The pulse electric emission device is used to apply an excitation electric signal to the casing of the accident well after blowout of the accident well, so as to form a magnetic field on the casing of the accident well.

[0093] The downhole signal transmission device is installed in the rescue well, and is used to detect the magnetic field generated by the casing of the accident well, obtain a positioning signal of the accident well, and send the obtained positioning signal of the accident well to the ground.

[0094] Specifically, the excitation electric signal is applied to the casing of the accident well in the rescue well in advance, and the distance and the direction between the rescue well and the accident well are determined by detecting the response of the accident well to the excitation electric signal through the probe nipple 4.

[0095] Specific principle description:

[0096] ①The pulse electric emission device is lowered into the rescue well, and the ground power supply system provides low-frequency alternating current to the pulse electric emission device through the cable, injects low-frequency alternating large current into the surrounding formation, and the casing or drill pipe of the accident well gathers the current.

[0097] ②A low-frequency alternating magnetic field is induced around the pipe string of the accident well;

[0098] ③The probe nipple 4 detects the alternating magnetic field induction intensity of the pipe string of the accident well and transmits it to the ground;

[0099] The ranging software calculates and determines the distance and the direction between the accident well and the rescue well according to the measurement parameters and other parameters such as the size of the accident well.

[0100] Specifically, the calculation formula of the probe nipple 4 for calculating the distance between the accident well and the rescue well is:

[0101] Wherein, H(z) is the magnetic induction intensity of the casing, μ0 is the vacuum conductivity, L is the distance between the emission electrode in the rescue well and the probe nipple, r is the distance between the probe pipe in the rescue well and the casing of the accident well, r e is the radius of the cylindrical body equivalent to the resistivity of the casing as the resistivity of the homogeneous formation, I0 is the initial current of the emission electrode, and αc The average inclination angle of the measurement section of the rescue well.

[0102] In the embodiment, the downhole ranging system further comprises a data processing device configured to receive the positioning signal of the blowout well transmitted by the downhole signal transmission device, process the received positioning signal of the blowout well, and obtain the position information of the blowout well.

[0103] In the embodiment, the data processing device is further configured to input a control instruction for controlling the downhole signal transmission device, encode and modulate the control instruction to obtain a second electromagnetic wave signal, and transmit the second electromagnetic wave signal to the downhole signal transmission device.

[0104] The downhole signal transmission device processes the received second electromagnetic wave signal to obtain the control instruction. More specifically, the signal transmission drill collar receives the second electromagnetic wave signal from the ground, and obtains a second voltage signal according to the received second electromagnetic wave signal; the signal processing short section 6 is configured to decode and demodulate the second voltage signal transmitted by the signal transmission drill collar to obtain the control instruction from the ground.

[0105] FIG. 5 is a flowchart of the downhole ranging method provided by the embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 5, the downhole ranging method provided by the embodiment comprises the following steps:

[0106] S1. After blowout occurs in the blowout well, an excitation electric signal is applied to the casing of the blowout well by the pulse electric emission device to form a magnetic field on the casing of the blowout well;

[0107] S2. The downhole signal transmission device as described above is installed in the rescue well, the magnetic field generated by the casing of the blowout well is detected by the downhole signal transmission device to obtain the positioning signal of the blowout well, and the positioning signal of the blowout well is sent to the ground.

[0108] Specifically, the excitation electric signal is applied to the casing of the blowout well in the rescue well in advance; the distance and the direction of the rescue well from the blowout well are determined by detecting the response of the blowout well to the excitation electric signal through the probe short section 4.

[0109] Specific principle description:

[0110] ① The pulse electric emission device is lowered into the rescue well, and the ground power supply system provides low-frequency alternating current to the pulse electric emission device through the cable to inject low-frequency alternating large current into the surrounding formation, and the casing or drill pipe of the blowout well gathers the current;

[0111] ② A low-frequency alternating magnetic field is induced around the pipe string of the blowout well;

[0112] ③ The probe short section 4 detects the alternating magnetic field induction intensity of the pipe string of the blowout well and transmits it to the ground;

[0113] The ranging software calculates the distance and direction between the accident well and the rescue well according to the measuring parameters and parameters such as the size of the accident well.

[0114] Specifically, the calculation formula of the probe nipple 4 for calculating the accident well and the rescue well is as follows:

[0115] Wherein, H(z) is the magnetic induction intensity of the casing, μ0 is the vacuum conductivity, L is the distance between the transmitting electrode and the probe nipple in the rescue well, r is the distance between the probe in the rescue well and the casing of the accident well, r e is the radius of the cylindrical body equivalent to the homogeneous formation resistivity of the casing resistivity, I0 is the initial current of the transmitting electrode, and α c is the average inclination angle of the measuring section of the rescue well.

[0116] The method further comprises:

[0117] S3. Receiving, by the data processing device, the positioning signal of the accident well transmitted by the downhole signal transmission device, processing the received positioning signal of the accident well, and obtaining the position information of the accident well.

[0118] The method further comprises:

[0119] S4. Inputting, by the data processing device, a control instruction for controlling the downhole signal transmission device, encoding and modulating the control instruction, obtaining a second electromagnetic wave signal, and transmitting the second electromagnetic wave signal to the downhole signal transmission device.

[0120] The downhole signal transmission device processes the received second electromagnetic wave signal to obtain a control instruction.

[0121] Further, S5. The downhole signal transmission device processes the received second electromagnetic wave signal to obtain a control instruction.

[0122] More specifically, the signal transmission drill collar receives the second electromagnetic wave signal from the ground, and obtains a second voltage signal according to the received second electromagnetic wave signal; the signal processing nipple 6 is used for decoding and demodulating the second voltage signal transmitted by the signal transmission drill collar to obtain the control instruction from the ground.

[0123] The embodiment of the present application also provides a computer device, comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program, the computer program is stored in the memory and is configured to be executed by the processor to realize the downhole ranging method.

[0124] The embodiment of the present application also provides a machine readable storage medium, which stores computer program instructions, and the computer program instructions are executed by the processor to realize the downhole ranging method.

[0125] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that embodiments of the present application can be devised for a method, a system, or a computer program product. Accordingly, the present application can take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present application can take the form of a computer program product on one or more computer readable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROMs, optical storage devices, etc.) embodying computer readable program code thereon for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system. Program code embodied on one or more computer readable media can be transmitted using any apparatus adapted to transfer a set of code

[0126] Although preferred embodiments of the application have been described herein, those skilled in the art will appreciate that other changes and modifications can be made to the embodiments described without departing from the spirit and scope of the application. It is therefore intended that the appended claims encompass all such changes and modifications as fall within the scope of the application.

[0127] Obviously, numerous modifications and variations of the present application are possible in light of the above teachings. It is therefore to be understood that within the scope of the appended claims and their equivalents, the application can be practiced otherwise than as specifically described.

Claims

1. A downhole signal transmission device, characterized in that, The device comprises: a signal transmission drill collar and a signal processing short section; the signal transmission drill collar comprises a first non-magnetic conductive drill collar, an insulating non-magnetic drill collar and a second non-magnetic conductive drill collar connected in sequence, the first non-magnetic conductive drill collar and the second non-magnetic conductive drill collar are connected with a power supply, and the first non-magnetic conductive drill collar, the insulating non-magnetic drill collar and the second non-magnetic conductive drill collar constitute a wireless transmission antenna; the signal transmission drill collar has a cavity inside, the signal processing short section is arranged in the cavity of the signal transmission drill collar, the signal processing short section is used for encoding and modulating a received downhole measurement signal to obtain a first voltage signal, and the first voltage signal is transmitted to the signal transmission drill collar; the signal transmission drill collar generates a first electromagnetic wave signal according to the first voltage signal during downhole movement and sends the first electromagnetic wave signal to the ground.

2. The downhole signal transmission device of claim 1, wherein, The insulating non-magnetic drill collar comprises a non-magnetic drill collar and an insulating coating, the non-magnetic drill collar is a metal drill collar, and the insulating coating is coated on the surface of the metal drill collar.

3. The downhole signal transmission device of claim 1, wherein, The device further comprises a probe short section connected with the signal processing short section; the probe short section is used for acquiring a downhole measurement signal and sending the downhole measurement signal to the signal processing short section.

4. A downhole signal transmission arrangement according to claim 3, characterised in that, The device further comprises an insulating short section; the insulating short section is arranged between the probe short section and the signal processing short section and is used for separating the probe short section and the signal processing short section.

5. The downhole signal transmission device of claim 3, wherein, The device further comprises a battery short section; the battery short section is used for supplying power to the probe short section, the signal processing short section and the signal transmission drill collar.

6. The downhole signal transmission device of claim 1, wherein, The lower end of the first non-magnetic conductive drill collar is connected with the upper end of the insulating non-magnetic drill collar, the lower end of the insulating non-magnetic drill collar is connected with the upper end of the second non-magnetic conductive drill collar, and the first non-magnetic conductive drill collar, the second non-magnetic conductive drill collar and the insulating non-magnetic drill collar constitute a dipole antenna.

7. A downhole signal transmission arrangement according to claim 6, characterised in that The signal transmission drill collar is further used for receiving a second electromagnetic wave signal of a control instruction from the ground, obtaining a second voltage signal according to the received second electromagnetic wave signal; the signal processing short section is further used for decoding and demodulating the second voltage signal transmitted by the signal transmission drill collar to obtain the control instruction from the ground.

8. The downhole signal transmission device of claim 3, wherein, The device further comprises a mud pulse signal transmission assembly; the mud pulse signal transmission assembly is connected with the probe short section; the mud pulse signal transmission assembly is used for converting a downhole measurement signal from the probe short section into a mud pulse pressure signal and sending the mud pulse pressure signal to the ground.

9. A downhole signal transmission arrangement according to claim 8, characterised in that, The mud pulse signal transmission assembly comprises a mud pulse generator, a piston and a circulation sleeve; the lower end of the mud pulse generator is connected with the upper end of the piston, and the lower end of the piston is connected with the circulation sleeve; the mud pulse signal transmission assembly encodes the downhole measurement signal by the mud pulse generator and modulates the downhole measurement signal into a mud pressure signal, controls the flow of hydraulic oil in the piston according to the mud pressure signal, controls the flow area of mud by the circulation sleeve to control the pressure of mud, and generates a mud pulse pressure signal.

10. A downhole ranging system for obtaining location information of a problem well, characterized by The system comprises a pulse electric emission device and a downhole signal transmission device as claimed in any one of claims 1-9. The pulse electric emission device is used to apply an exciting electric signal to the casing of the blowout well after the blowout of the blowout well, so as to form a magnetic field on the casing of the blowout well. The downhole signal transmission device is installed in the rescue well and is used to detect the magnetic field generated by the casing of the blowout well, obtain a positioning signal of the blowout well, and transmit the obtained positioning signal of the blowout well to the ground.

11. The downhole ranging system of claim 10, wherein, Further comprising: The data processing device is used to receive the positioning signal of the blowout well transmitted by the downhole signal transmission device, process the received positioning signal of the blowout well, and obtain the position information of the blowout well.

12. The downhole ranging system of claim 11, wherein, The data processing device is also used to input a control instruction for controlling the downhole signal transmission device, encode and modulate the control instruction to obtain a second electromagnetic wave signal, and transmit the second electromagnetic wave signal to the downhole signal transmission device. The downhole signal transmission device processes the received second electromagnetic wave signal to obtain the control instruction.

13. A method of downhole ranging, characterized by, Comprising: After the blowout of the blowout well, an exciting electric signal is applied to the casing of the blowout well by the pulse electric emission device, so as to form a magnetic field on the casing of the blowout well. The downhole signal transmission device of any one of claims 1-9 is installed in the rescue well, the magnetic field generated by the casing of the blowout well is detected by the downhole signal transmission device, a positioning signal of the blowout well is obtained, and the positioning signal of the blowout well is transmitted to the ground.

14. The method of claim 13, wherein, The method further comprises: The positioning signal of the blowout well transmitted by the downhole signal transmission device is received by the data processing device, the received positioning signal of the blowout well is processed, and the position information of the blowout well is obtained.

15. The method of claim 14, wherein, The method further comprises: The control instruction for controlling the downhole signal transmission device is input by the data processing device, the control instruction is encoded and modulated to obtain a second electromagnetic wave signal, and the second electromagnetic wave signal is transmitted to the downhole signal transmission device. The downhole signal transmission device processes the received second electromagnetic wave signal to obtain the control instruction.

16. A computer device, comprising: Comprising: A memory storing a computer program; A processor used to execute the computer program to realize the downhole ranging method of any one of claims 13-15.

17. A computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program, characterized in that The computer program is executed by the processor to realize the downhole ranging method of any one of claims 13-15.

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