Head-up display apparatus and vehicle

Abstract

A head-up display apparatus (100), comprising an image source (10), a baffle (20), and a first lens assembly (30), wherein the image source (10) is configured to generate an image light beam and project the image light beam to the baffle (20); the inner cavity of the baffle (20) forms a light channel, the side of the light channel away from the image source (10) comprises a light passing port (21), and the image light beam passes through the light channel and propagates towards the side away from the image source (10); the first lens assembly (30) is located on the side of the baffle (20) away from the image source (10) and has a positive focal length; the light beam after passing through the first lens assembly (30) comprises a first light beam, and the aperture of the first light beam is greater than the aperture of the light passing port (21).

Description

A head-up display device and a vehicle

[0001] This application claims priority to the Chinese patent application No. 202411255353.6 filed on September 9, 2024 with the Chinese Patent Office, the whole content of the above application is incorporated herein by reference. TECHNICAL FIELD

[0002] The present application relates to the technical field of head-up display, for example, to a head-up display device and a vehicle. BACKGROUND

[0003] With the improvement of material culture, in order to meet the needs of users for car driving safety and entertainment playing, the application of head-up display technology in the field of automobile is more and more widely, and the demand of users for head-up display device with larger field of view angle is gradually increasing.

[0004] In the related art, a reflection system composed of a single or multiple free-form mirrors is usually used to form an image on the front windshield of a vehicle. Since the overall opening size of the head-up display device cannot be adjusted too large, the field of view angle of the head-up display device cannot be further increased. SUMMARY

[0005] According to a first aspect of the present application, a head-up display device is provided, comprising: an image source, a baffle and a first lens assembly;

[0006] The image source is configured to generate an image beam and project the image beam to the baffle;

[0007] The inner cavity of the baffle forms a light channel, and the side of the light channel away from the image source includes a light passing port. The image beam passes through the light channel and propagates towards the side away from the image source;

[0008] The first lens assembly is located on the side of the baffle away from the image source and has a positive focal length. The light beam passing through the first lens assembly includes a first light beam, and the aperture of the first light beam is larger than the aperture of the light passing port.

[0009] Optionally, the focal length of the first lens assembly is f1, the aperture of the first light beam is d0, the distance between the first lens assembly and the baffle is D1, and the aperture of the light passing port is d1, which satisfy:

[0010] Optionally, the first lens assembly is in abutment with the side of the baffle away from the image source, and blocks the light passing port.

[0011] Optionally, the first lens assembly includes a first convex lens.

[0012] Optionally, the first lens assembly further comprises a first concave lens, and the first convex lens and the first concave lens are cemented to form a first cemented lens.

[0013] Optionally, the first convex lens is located between the first concave lens and the baffle.

[0014] Optionally, the first concave lens is located between the first convex lens and the baffle.

[0015] Optionally, the first convex lens has a focal length f2, the first concave lens has a focal length f3, and |f2|<|f3|.

[0016] Optionally, the first lens assembly further comprises a second convex lens, and the second convex lens is located between the first convex lens and the baffle.

[0017] Optionally, the first convex lens and the second convex lens are cemented to form a second cemented lens.

[0018] Optionally, the first lens assembly comprises a first Fresnel lens, and the first Fresnel lens has a positive focal length.

[0019] Optionally, the first lens assembly further comprises a second Fresnel lens, and the second Fresnel lens is located between the first Fresnel lens and the baffle, and the second Fresnel lens has a positive focal length.

[0020] Optionally, the second lens assembly is located on a side of the baffle close to the image source, has a positive focal length, and the light beam passing through the second lens assembly comprises a second light beam, and an aperture of the second light beam is smaller than an aperture of the light passage.

[0021] Optionally, the first lens assembly further comprises a first reflecting mirror, and the first reflecting mirror is configured to project the image light beam to the baffle.

[0022] Optionally, the first lens assembly further comprises a dustproof film, and the dustproof film is located on a side of the baffle close to the image source, and seals a side of the light passage close to the image source.

[0023] According to a second aspect of the present application, a vehicle is provided, comprising the head-up display device according to the first aspect and a windshield. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0024] FIG. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a head-up display device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0025] FIG. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of another head-up display device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0026] FIG. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of another head-up display device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0027] FIG. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of another head-up display device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0028] FIG. 5 is a structural schematic diagram of another head-up display device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0029] FIG. 6 is a structural schematic diagram of another head-up display device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0030] FIG. 7 is a structural schematic diagram of another head-up display device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0031] FIG. 8 is a structural schematic diagram of another head-up display device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0032] FIG. 9 is a structural schematic diagram of another head-up display device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0033] FIG. 10 is a structural schematic diagram of a carrier according to an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The terms "first", "second", and the like in the description and in the claims of the present application and in the above drawings, are used to distinguish between similar objects and not necessarily describe a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the terms so used are interchangeable under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments of the present application described herein are capable of operation in other sequences than those illustrated or otherwise described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprise", "comprising", "include", "including", and the like, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, such that processes, methods, systems, products, or apparatuses that comprise, include, or the like, a list of steps or elements, can include those not expressly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, systems, products, or apparatuses.

[0035] FIG. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a head-up display device according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 1, the head-up display device 100 comprises an image source 10, a baffle 20, and a first lens assembly 30. The image source 10 is configured to generate an image beam and project the image beam to the baffle 20. The inner cavity of the baffle 20 forms a light channel, and the light channel far away from the image source 10 comprises a light passing port 21. The image beam passes through the light channel and propagates towards the side far away from the image source 10. The first lens assembly 30 is located at the side of the baffle 20 far away from the image source 10, and the first lens assembly 30 has a positive focal length. The light beam passing through the first lens assembly 30 comprises a first light beam, and the aperture of the first light beam is larger than the aperture of the light passing port 21. The shell 101 wraps the image source 10 to protect the image source 10 and reduce the influence of dust on the display performance of the head-up display device 100.

[0036] In the embodiment, the head-up display device 100 transmits the image light beams to the projection medium, such as the windshield glass in the car, and the image light beams are reflected by the projection medium into the eyebox range, so that the driver can observe the target virtual image in the eyebox range, and can directly observe the current speed, navigation and other information without needing to lower or turn the head, thereby improving the safety of driving. In the embodiment, the head-up display device 100 is applied to the car, and in other embodiments, the head-up display device 100 can also be applied to, for example, fire engines, military vehicles, and other fields, such as aviation and ship fields.

[0037] For example, the image light beams propagate through the light channel of the baffle 20 to the side away from the image source 10, and the light beams formed after passing through the first lens assembly 30 include the first light beams. In order to make the target virtual image observed by the driver in the eyebox range complete, the image light beams need to completely pass through the light channel of the baffle 20, and the aperture of the image light beams is fixed due to the fixed aperture of the light passing port 21 of the baffle 20. Therefore, in order to realize a larger target virtual image, the first lens assembly 30 with a positive focal length is arranged on the side of the baffle 20 away from the image source 10 to magnify the aperture of the image light beams, and the light beams formed after magnification include the first light beams. The first light beams are reflected to the eyebox range of the driver, the target virtual image observed in the eyebox range of the driver is enlarged, and a larger field of view angle is formed.

[0038] It should be noted that the type and number of lenses of the first lens assembly 30 are not limited in the embodiment, and the first lens assembly 30 only needs to have a positive focal length to magnify the image light beams.

[0039] The head-up display device provided in the embodiment includes an image source, an image light beam generated by the image source, a light channel of a baffle, the image light beam passing through the light channel of the baffle and being transmitted to the side away from the image source, a first lens assembly located on the side of the baffle away from the image source, the image light beam passing through the first lens assembly with a positive focal length, and light beams formed after passing through the first lens assembly including first light beams. The aperture of the first light beams is larger than the aperture of the light passing port, and the target virtual image reflected to the eyebox range of the driver is enlarged to form a larger field of view angle. In the case of the fixed aperture of the light passing port, the field of view angle is enlarged, and the field of view angle is no longer limited by the aperture of the light passing port. A large field of view angle imaging can be realized without using a large-volume head-up display device, the safety of driving is ensured, and the user experience is improved.

[0040] Optionally, referring to FIG. 1, the focal length of the first lens assembly 30 is f1, the aperture of the first light beams is d0, the distance between the first lens assembly 30 and the baffle 20 is D1, and the aperture of the light passing port 21 is d1, and the following conditions are met:

[0041] The first lens assembly 30 is configured to expand the aperture of the image light beam, and the distance between the first lens assembly 30 and the baffle 20 can be set according to actual needs. The focal length of the first lens assembly 30 needs to meet the condition that the image light beam can pass through completely, and the aperture of the first light beam formed by expansion is expanded, so that the head-up display device has a larger field of view and improves the experience of the user.

[0042] FIG. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of a head-up display device provided by an embodiment of the present application. Referring to FIG. 2, the first lens assembly 30 is butted against one side of the baffle 20 away from the image source 10, and blocks the light transmission port 21. At this time, the image light beam is directly transmitted to the first lens assembly 30 after passing through the baffle 20, and the image light beam does not need to be transmitted in the air before being expanded by the first lens assembly 30.

[0043] Optionally, the first lens assembly 30 includes a first convex lens 301. The first convex lens 301 is configured as the first lens assembly 30, reduces the influence of stray light on the imaging effect of the target virtual image, and realizes a head-up display device with a larger field of view at a lower cost.

[0044] FIG. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of another head-up display device provided by an embodiment of the present application. Referring to FIG. 3, the first lens assembly 30 further includes a first concave lens 302, and the first convex lens 301 and the first concave lens 302 are cemented to form a first cemented lens 31. The first cemented lens 31 has the characteristics of short focal length, large magnification, and good imaging quality. The focal length of the first cemented lens 31 is positive, which has an amplification effect on the image light beam, and the image light beam is amplified to a first light beam with a larger aperture, so that a large field of view output is realized. The first cemented lens 31 includes the first convex lens 301 and the first concave lens 302, which corrects the chromatic aberration of the target virtual image while realizing a large field of view output, and improves the display effect of the head-up display device.

[0045] As shown in FIG. 3, the first convex lens 301 is located between the first concave lens 302 and the baffle 20. FIG. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of another head-up display device provided by an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 4, the first concave lens 302 is located between the first convex lens 301 and the baffle 20. In the present embodiment, the positions of the first convex lens 301 and the first concave lens 302 can be set according to actual needs, and the large field of view imaging requirement of the head-up display device can be met in different application scenarios.

[0046] Optionally, referring to FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, the focal length of the first convex lens 301 is f2, the focal length of the first concave lens 302 is f3, and |f2|<|f3|. The focal length of the first cemented lens 31 is determined by the reciprocal of the sum of the reciprocal of the focal length of the first convex lens 301 and the reciprocal of the focal length of the first concave lens 302. The focal length of the first concave lens 302 with a larger absolute value is set to ensure that the first cemented lens 31 is positive, and the first cemented lens 31 has an expansion effect on the image beam.

[0047] It should be noted that the distance between the first cemented lens 31 and the baffle 20 is not specifically limited in the embodiments of the present application, and only the focal length of the first cemented lens 31 needs to be positive to expand the image beam.

[0048] In an embodiment of the present application, the first lens assembly 30 includes the first cemented lens 31. The focal length of the first cemented lens 31 is f1, the aperture of the first beam is d0, the distance between the first cemented lens 31 and the baffle 20 is D1, the aperture of the light passing port 21 is d1, and the focal length of the first cemented lens 31 satisfies

[0049] In an embodiment of the present application, the first lens assembly 30 includes the first cemented lens 31. The first cemented lens 31 is connected to the side of the baffle 20 away from the image source 10, and blocks the light passing port 21.

[0050] FIG. 5 is a structural schematic diagram of another head-up display device provided by the embodiments of the present application. Referring to FIG. 5, the first lens assembly 30 further includes a second convex lens 303, which is located between the first convex lens 301 and the baffle 20. The first convex lens 301 and the second convex lens 303 with positive focal lengths are set to expand the image beam twice by the two convex lenses (including the first convex lens 301 and the second convex lens 303), thereby increasing the beam expansion capability. On the other hand, if a single convex lens is set, a convex lens with a large thickness needs to be set to achieve a large beam expansion capability. As the thickness increases, the imaging quality of the convex lens will also decrease. In the embodiments of the present application, the first lens assembly 30 includes the first convex lens 301 and the second convex lens 303, so that the image beam can be further expanded without setting a convex lens with a large thickness, thereby ensuring the imaging quality and further achieving a large field of view angle imaging output under the condition that the aperture of the light passing port 21 of the baffle 20 is fixed.

[0051] Exemplarily, referring to FIG. 5, the first convex lens 301 and the second convex lens 303 are spaced apart by a certain distance. The first convex lens 301 and the second convex lens 303 are arranged separately from each other.

[0052] FIG. 6 is a structural schematic diagram of another head-up display device provided by an embodiment of the present application. Referring to FIG. 6, the first convex lens 301 and the second convex lens 303 are glued to form the second glued lens 32. The focal length of the first convex lens 301 and the second convex lens 303 is positive, so that the focal length of the second glued lens 32 formed is positive, the image light beam is enlarged twice, the field of view of the head-up display device can be further enlarged, and the single convex lens does not need to be provided with a relatively thick thickness, and the imaging quality is improved.

[0053] It should be noted that the distance between the second glued lens 32 and the baffle 20 is not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present application, and only the second glued lens 32 needs to enlarge the image light beam.

[0054] In an embodiment of the present application, the first lens assembly 30 includes the second glued lens 32. The focal length of the second glued lens 32 is f1, the aperture of the first light beam is d0, the distance between the second glued lens 32 and the baffle 20 is D1, the aperture of the light passing opening 21 is d1, and the focal length of the second glued lens 32 satisfies

[0055] In an embodiment of the present application, the first lens assembly 30 includes the second glued lens 32. The second glued lens 32 is butted against the side of the baffle 20 away from the image source 10, and blocks the light passing opening 21. The influence of the ambient light on the image light beam is reduced, and the display effect of the head-up display device is improved.

[0056] It should be noted that the focal length of the first convex lens 301 and the second convex lens 303 is not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present application, and only the second glued lens 32 needs to enlarge the image light beam.

[0057] FIG. 7 is a structural schematic diagram of another head-up display device provided by an embodiment of the present application. Referring to FIG. 7, the first lens assembly 30 includes the first Fresnel lens 304, and the first Fresnel lens 304 has a positive focal length. In the case of the same focal length, the Fresnel lens can be provided with a smaller thickness than the convex lens, so that the first Fresnel lens 304 with a smaller thickness can be provided to enlarge the image light beam, the target virtual image is enlarged in the case that the aperture of the light passing opening 21 is determined, and the imaging effect of the head-up display device is further improved.

[0058] FIG. 8 is a structural schematic diagram of another head-up display device provided by the embodiment of the present application. Referring to FIG. 8, the first lens assembly 30 further comprises a second Fresnel lens 305, which is located between the first Fresnel lens 304 and the baffle 20, and has a positive focal length. The second Fresnel lens 305 is arranged to further enlarge the image light beam on the basis of the enlargement of the image light beam by the first Fresnel lens 304, thereby improving the enlargement effect of the image light beam and realizing large field angle imaging output while ensuring the imaging quality and further realizing the large field angle imaging output under the condition that the aperture of the light passing port 21 of the baffle 20 is fixed.

[0059] FIG. 9 is a structural schematic diagram of another head-up display device provided by the embodiment of the present application. Referring to FIG. 9, the head-up display device further comprises a second lens assembly 40, which is located on the side of the baffle 20 close to the image source 10, and has a positive focal length. The light beam before the second lens assembly 40 comprises a second light beam, and the aperture of the second light beam is smaller than the aperture of the light passing port 21. The second lens assembly 40 is arranged between the baffle 20 and the image source 10. When the second light beam passes through the second lens assembly 40, the second light beam is enlarged by the second lens assembly 40, and the aperture of the light beam passing through the light passing port 21 of the baffle 20 is close to the aperture of the light passing port 21. The second light beam is enlarged in advance before passing through the baffle 20, so that the size of the element before the optical path of the second lens assembly 40 can be reduced under the condition that the aperture of the light passing port 21 is fixed. For example, the size of the image source 10 and / or the first mirror 50 can be reduced. In the case that the size of the image source 10 and / or the first mirror 50 is small, the head-up display device 100 can also ensure large field angle output, thereby increasing the field angle and reducing the volume of the head-up display device 100.

[0060] It should be noted that the distance between the second lens assembly 40 and the baffle 20 is not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present application. In one embodiment, the second lens assembly 40 and the baffle 20 have a preset distance. In another embodiment, the second lens assembly 40 and the baffle 20 are abutted on the side close to the image source 10, thereby sealing the opening of the baffle 20 close to the image source 10.

[0061] It can be understood that the specific arrangement mode of the second lens assembly 40 can be various, and the arrangement mode of the first lens assembly 30 can be referred to for example. For example, the second lens assembly 40 can also be arranged as a single convex lens, two convex lenses (or multiple convex lenses), a cemented lens, a single Fresnel lens with a positive focal length, two Fresnel lenses (or multiple Fresnel lenses) with a positive focal length.

[0062] Optionally, the head-up display device further comprises a first mirror 50, the first mirror 50 is configured to project the image light beam to the baffle 20. The image source 10 generates the image light beam, and the first mirror 50 projects the image light beam to the baffle 20. By adjusting the rotation angle of the first mirror 50, the head-up display device can realize large field angle output in different application scenarios.

[0063] It should be noted that the embodiments of the present application do not make specific limitations on the type of the first mirror 50, as long as the first mirror 50 can project the image light beam to the baffle 20. In an embodiment, the first mirror 50 comprises a free-form mirror. In other embodiments, the first mirror 50 can comprise other types of mirrors.

[0064] Optionally, the head-up display device further comprises a dustproof film 60, the dustproof film 60 is located on the side of the baffle 20 close to the image source 10, and the dustproof film 60 seals the side of the light channel close to the image source 10. By arranging the dustproof film 60 on the side of the baffle 20 close to the image source 10, and sealing the side of the light channel close to the image source 10, the dust entering the head-up display device 100 through the baffle 20 is reduced or even avoided, and the influence of the dust on the display performance of the head-up display device 100 is reduced.

[0065] FIG. 10 is a structural schematic diagram of a vehicle provided by an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 10, the vehicle comprises the head-up display device 100 and the windshield 200. The first light beam emitted by the head-up display device 100 is projected to the windshield 200, and then reflected by the windshield 200 to enter the eyebox of the driver, thereby forming a target virtual image in front of the eyebox of the driver. Exemplarily, the first light beam refers to the light beam between the head-up display device 100 and the windshield 200. For example, the first light beam can be the light beam between the first lens assembly 30 and the windshield 200.

Claims

1. A head-up display device, comprising an image source, a baffle and a first lens assembly; the image source is configured to generate an image beam and project the image beam toward the baffle; an inner cavity of the baffle forms a light channel, the light channel comprises a light passage opening on a side away from the image source, the image beam propagates through the light channel toward the side away from the image source; the first lens assembly is located on the side of the baffle away from the image source and has a positive focal length; a light beam passing through the first lens assembly comprises a first light beam, an aperture of the first light beam is larger than an aperture of the light passage opening.

2. The head-up display device according to claim 1, wherein The focal length of the first lens assembly is f1, the aperture of the first light beam is d0, the distance between the first lens assembly and the baffle is D1, the aperture of the light passage is d1, and the following is satisfied:

3. The head-up display device according to claim 1, wherein the first lens assembly abuts the side of the baffle away from the image source and blocks the light passage opening.

4. The head-up display device according to claim 1, wherein the first lens assembly comprises a first convex lens.

5. The head-up display device according to claim 4, wherein the first lens assembly further comprises a first concave lens, the first convex lens and the first concave lens are cemented to form a first cemented lens.

6. The head-up display device according to claim 5, wherein the first convex lens is located between the first concave lens and the baffle. alternatively, the first concave lens is located between the first convex lens and the baffle.

7. The head-up display device according to claim 5, wherein a focal length of the first convex lens is f2, a focal length of the first concave lens is f3, |f2|<|f3|.

8. The head-up display device according to claim 4, wherein the first lens assembly further comprises a second convex lens, the second convex lens is located between the first convex lens and the baffle.

9. The head-up display device according to claim 8, wherein the first convex lens and the second convex lens are cemented to form a second cemented lens.

10. The head-up display apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the first lens assembly comprises a first Fresnel lens, the first Fresnel lens has a positive focal length.

11. The head-up display device according to claim 10, wherein the first lens assembly further comprises a second Fresnel lens, the second Fresnel lens is located between the first Fresnel lens and the baffle, the second Fresnel lens has a positive focal length.

12. The head-up display device of claim 1, further comprising a second lens assembly, the second lens assembly is located on a side of the baffle adjacent to the image source and has a positive focal length; a light beam passing through the second lens assembly comprises a second light beam, an aperture of the second light beam is smaller than the aperture of the light passage opening.

13. The head-up display device of claim 1, further comprising a first mirror, the first mirror is configured to project the image beam toward the baffle.

14. The head-up display device of claim 1, further comprising a dustproof film, the dustproof film is located on the side of the baffle adjacent to the image source and blocks the side of the light channel adjacent to the image source.

15. A vehicle, comprising the head-up display device of any one of claims 1-14 and a windshield.

Images