Magnetic equipment for magnetically anchoring ferrous elements

Abstract

The present invention relates to magnetic equipment (10A) for magnetically anchoring ferrous elements which comprises a support structure (11), having a predetermined width (L), length (1) and thickness (S) and a plurality of polar units (30 A). In said support structure (11), a first and a second side (12, 13) are identified at the opposite surfaces of greater extension, the polar units of said plurality of polar units (30 A) being housed in the thickness (S) of said support structure (11) and configured to generate in said first side (12) and second side (13) at least a unidirectional magnetic flux so as to define a first and a second magnetic anchoring surface for magnetically anchoring first ferrous elements and a pallet to the support structure (11), respectively. Each polar unit (30A) comprises a magnetic circuit having at least a respective first polar collector (50) configured to convey the unidirectional magnetic flux on the first side (12) so as to identify the first magnetic surface, each polar collector (50) being integrally formed with the support structure (11), so as to make monolithic-type magnetic equipment (10A); The equipment comprises closing elements (60) associated with one or more pole collectors (50), a lateral portion (60A) of each closing element (60) identifying a portion of said second side (13); first longitudinal recesses (R1) extending along the width (L) or length (1) of the support structure (11) and obtained inside the thickness (S) from the first side (12) and delimiting the polar collectors (50), said first recesses (R1) being configured to induce said unidirectional magnetic flux on the first side (12) so as to define a magnetic pole (P).

Description

[0001] Title: "Magnetic equipment for magnetically anchoring ferrous elements

[0002] DESCRIPTION

[0003] Technical field

[0004] The present invention relates to monolithic magnetic equipment as defined in the preamble of claim 1.

[0005] Preferably, such magnetic equipment is usually associated with ferrous element machining devices, such as, for example, machines for tangential or vertical grinding or, in general, machines for anchoring ferromagnetic pieces.

[0006] Prior art

[0007] According to the known art, a magnetic anchoring equipment, for example, of the electropermanent type, comprises a casing made from a solid rod of ferromagnetic material having a bottom, on the inner surface of which a number of polar units are arranged.

[0008] Alternatively, the casing can be obtained by assembling different components together according to methods well known to a person skilled in the art.

[0009] Each polar unit in the case of electropermanent equipment, comprises at least:

[0010] - one or more polar collectors,

[0011] - one or more magnetic cores;

[0012] - an electrical winding (also called a solenoid) for modifying the state of magnetization, which is arranged around the reversible permanent magnetic core.

[0013] Furthermore, according to well-known techniques, the polar units can be associated to the frame, for example, by means of a screw inserted in a suitable hole, so as to tighten the solenoid - reversible magnet assembly as a pack.

[0014] Additionally, it is also envisaged to associate one or more polar units with a respective polar extension if the machining needs of the ferrous elements require use. In addition, a "resin casting" operation is also provided, thanks to which it is possible to make the magnetic equipment substantially impermeable to impurities and / or liquid leak, as well as ensuring the filling of the gaps.

[0015] Specifically, it is envisaged that recesses within which to insert and retain components of the polar units are defined inside the housing of the equipment. These recesses are obtained both from the bottom surface and from the rest surface.

[0016] Once the aforementioned components of the polar units are positioned, resin casting is provided which allows the rest and bottom surface to be uniform, waterproofing them and retaining the components of the polar units.

[0017] It should be noted that the magnetic equipment can be fixed to a rest surface either by magnetic anchoring when possible or by a typical mechanical fixing.

[0018] In particular, the outer surface of the bottom of the housing of the magnetic equipment is coupled to a surface of the aforementioned machining devices. After fixing the equipment to the surface of the machining device, the anchoring plane is able to magnetically retain the ferrous element for mechanical machining.

[0019] For example, if the bottom of the magnetic equipment is to be removably constrained to a framework (also called a baseplate) of a machine tool, the use of constraint means such as clamps, bolts and / or screws is provided, which are capable of mechanically retaining said magnetic equipment during the machining operations of the ferrous element or the use of the magnetic anchoring.

[0020] In practice, in order to be able to carry out the machining operations on the ferrous element, it is first necessary to couple and retain the bottom of the magnetic equipment to the machining device by combining one or more of the aforementioned constraint means, ensuring an adequate approach between the surface and the machine baseplate. Subsequently, the ferrous element must be positioned on the anchoring plane and the magnetic equipment must be activated to magnetically anchor the ferrous element to the aforementioned anchoring plane.

[0021] Once the ferrous element has been anchored to the anchoring plane and the necessary machining has been carried out on the ferrous element, it often happens that the anchoring plane wears out over time. Specifically, the anchoring plane tends to lose its flatness in order to properly retain the ferrous elements.

[0022] In order to overcome these wear problems, it is known to carry out grinding operations on the anchoring plane by means of relative machinery. These operations voluntarily remove portions of the carcass at the anchoring plane in order to recover the lost flatness.

[0023] Problems of the background art

[0024] It is noted that the correct magnetic anchoring of the ferrous element for the subsequent processing, for example by tangential or vertical grinding, requires a more than firm tightening of the ferrous element to the magnetic equipment and of the magnetic equipment to the pallet for the precision of the processing.

[0025] In the prior art, the surfaces for the magnetic fixing of the ferrous element require a pole extension arranged on the support surface configured to return the pole and ensure tightening. This magnetic extension mechanically fixed to the frame introduces discontinuity between the ferrous element and the magnetic equipment, making the tightening of the ferrous element inaccurate.

[0026] In addition, the magnetic flux generated by the relative circuit and responsible for anchoring the equipment to the pallet and the ferrous element to the magnetic equipment complicates the disengagement of the equipment from the pallet for handling. In fact, the magnetic flux persists over time, requiring additional means for moving the elements, such as, for example, a ferromagnetic cover plate.

[0027] Summary of the invention

[0028] The object of the present invention is to overcome the drawbacks outlined in relation to the known art, and in particular to provide magnetic equipment to improve the magnetic anchoring of ferrous elements and facilitate the handling of the equipment itself with respect to the pallet and the ferrous elements.

[0029] These and other objects are achieved by the magnetic equipment according to any one of the appended claims.

[0030] Advantages of the invention

[0031] Advantageously, the magnetic equipment of the present invention allows to eliminate the mechanical discontinuities between magnetic equipment and magnetic pole by conferring a total solidity of the support surface of the ferrous element to be worked with the magnetic equipment.

[0032] Advantageously, the magnetic equipment of the present invention allows the simultaneous magnetic anchoring of the workpiece to the magnetic plane itself and of the magnetic plane to the pallet.

[0033] Advantageously, the magnetic equipment of the present invention provides selfanchoring to the pallet and the ferrous element giving a higher rigidity to a surface supported only with screws or bolts.

[0034] Advantageously, the magnetic equipment of the present invention allows demagnetization so as to move it freely on the pallet without particular operations.

[0035] Further features and advantages of the invention will be recognisable by a person skilled in the art from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments of the invention

[0036] Brief Description of the figures For a better understanding of the following detailed description, some embodiments of the invention are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein:

[0037] - Figure 1 shows a top perspective view of magnetic equipment in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] - Figure 2 shows a perspective view from below of magnetic equipment in accordance with Fig. 1 ;

[0039] - Figure 3 shows a perspective view from below of magnetic equipment in accordance with Fig. 1, with some parts omitted in order to better show others;

[0040] - Figure 4 shows a partial sectional view of the magnetic equipment in accordance with Fig. 1 ;

[0041] - Figure 5 shows an exploded view of the magnetic equipment of Fig. 1

[0042] - Figure 6 shows a partial sectional view of the magnetic equipment in accordance with Fig.1 in a first operating configuration;

[0043] - Figure 7 shows a partial sectional view of the magnetic equipment in accordance with Fig.1 in a second operating configuration;

[0044] DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] Even if not explicitly highlighted, the individual features described with reference to the specific embodiments shall be understood as accessory to and / or interchangeable with other features described with reference to other embodiments.

[0046] It should be noted that the present invention has as its object a magnetic equipment for magnetically anchoring ferrous elements whose general and operating characteristics are widely described in patents EP2653262B1, EP2476509B1 and EP2280804B1 to which reference is made for any further details.

[0047] In the following, some definitions are taken from the already mentioned patents to make this discussion more intelligible. Therefore, for any further information, the person skilled in the art may refer to the aforementioned patents. In addition, where possible, the same numbering was maintained.

[0048] The terms electro-permanent equipment refers to equipment that does not require power supply during its use in the anchoring step, but which nevertheless requires power supply in the activation and deactivation step, made with invertible permanent magnets and, if necessary, static permanent magnets appropriately arranged inside it.

[0049] For the purposes of the present invention, the term polar collector in the following of the present description refers to an element that normally has a side whose surface is magnetically neutral when the magnetic equipment is deactivated and magnetically active when the magnetic equipment is activated.

[0050] In other words, the polar collector is nothing more than an element capable of conveying the magnetic flux generated by the reversible permanent magnetic core towards the surface of the side in order to create a magnetic anchoring plane.

[0051] It should be noted that the surfaces of the sides of the "N" polar collectors, identifiable in the magnetic equipment, as a whole, identify the magnetic anchoring plane capable of firmly anchoring the ferrous elements P to be subjected to mechanical machining.

[0052] For the purposes of the present invention, the term activate / deactivate the electro-permanent magnetic equipment means the possibility of being able to magnetise and neutralise magnets upon the action of an electrical control suitable for generating an appropriate electromagnetic field in the electrical winding.

[0053] With reference to the annexed figures 1-3, magnetic anchoring equipment in accordance with the present invention is indicated as a whole with 10A.

[0054] The magnetic equipment 10A for magnetically anchoring ferrous elements Pl comprises a support structure 11 having a predetermined width L, length 1 and thickness S. Specifically, the support structure extends along a direction of width X-X, length Y- Y and thickness Z-Z.

[0055] In particular, the support structure 11 identifies a first and a second side 12, 13 respectively at the opposite surfaces of greater extension.

[0056] Preferably, the first and second side 12, 13 extend parallel to each other so as to define respective planes.

[0057] As will be apparent from the continuation of the present description, one plane, for example that identified by the side 12, is intended to be the surface on which the ferrous elements to be subjected to mechanical machining will be magnetically anchored, while the other plane, for example that identified by the side 13, is intended to be the surface that can be mechanically and / or magnetically anchored to a ferrous material such as, for example, a baseplate of a machine tool.

[0058] It should be noted that the first side 12 as identified below is the side subjected to greater machining and wear and that it is subjected to grinding operations should they be necessary.

[0059] The magnetic equipment 10A comprises a plurality of polar units 30A provided with a relative magnetic circuit.

[0060] In accordance with a preferred embodiment, a plurality "N" of polar units 30A is housed in the thickness S.

[0061] Preferably, the polar units 30A are configured to generate in said first side 12 and second side 13 at least a unidirectional magnetic flux so as to define a first and a second magnetic anchoring surface for magnetically anchoring first ferrous elements Pl and a pallet P2 to the support structure 11, respectively.

[0062] Specifically, unidirectional magnetic flux means a flux having an always identical or constant polarization or a magnetic flux that cannot be reversed but only made neutral.

[0063] In particular, the polar units 30A comprise at least one first polar collector 50. As clarified below, the first polar collector 50 is configured to generate in the first side 12 at least a first unidirectional magnetic flux so as to define a first anchoring magnetic surface for magnetically anchoring first ferrous elements by conveying the unidirectional magnetic flux.

[0064] It should be noted that each first polar collector 50 has a lateral portion 50A that identifies a portion of said first side 12. Furthermore, each first polar collector 50 has a lateral surface 50C extended between the lateral portion 50A and a bottom 50B along the thickness direction Z-Z preferably perpendicular to the first and second side 12, 13

[0065] In particular, it is noted that, advantageously, the first polar collector 50 is made as a single piece with the support structure 11, so as to make magnetic equipment 10A of a monolithic type.

[0066] In fact, as can be seen in Figures 4-7, the first polar collector 50 is an integral part of the support structure 11 as it is obtained by mechanical machining processes, such as removal of material, in order to shape the first polar collector 50 without this being mechanically independent from the rest of the support structure but integrated or part of it.

[0067] The magnetic equipment 10A comprises closing elements 60 associated with relative first polar collectors 50.

[0068] It should be noted that a lateral portion 60A of each closing element 60 identifies a portion of the second side 13.

[0069] Specifically, each closing element 60 is constrained to the support structure 11 to define or close the relative polar unit 30A between the first side 12 and the second side 13.

[0070] In particular, it is noted that the surface 50A of the first polar collector 50 defines part of the anchoring surface of the first side 12, while the surface 60A of the closing element 60 identifies part of the mechanical anchoring surface of the second side 13.

[0071] The magnetic equipment 10A comprises first longitudinal recesses R1 extended along the width L or the length 1 of the support structure 11. Specifically, the second recesses R1 are obtained within the thickness S from the first side 12. In other words, the first recesses R1 extend along the width direction X-X or along the length direction Y-Y.

[0072] It should be noted that the first longitudinal recesses R1 delimit the polar collectors 50. Preferably the polar collectors 50 are adjacent to each other along the direction of extension of the longitudinal recesses R1 separated from each other by portions of material of the support structure 11 .

[0073] Specifically, the first recesses R1 are configured to induce said unidirectional magnetic flux on the first side 12 so as to define a magnetic pole P.

[0074] Thanks to these recesses Rl, the magnetic flux is delimited and directed to the polar collectors 50.

[0075] In accordance with a preferred embodiment, the first longitudinal recesses Rl have first longitudinal grooves Rl l between them spaced along the width L or the length 1 of the support structure 11. Specifically, the first polar collectors 50 are defined every two longitudinal grooves Rl l .

[0076] In accordance with a preferred embodiment that can be combined with the previous one, said first longitudinal recesses Rl have second longitudinal grooves R12 spaced apart along the width L or length 1 of the support structure 10, where each second groove R12 is interposed between two first grooves Rl l. Preferably, the first longitudinal grooves R11 are equispaced from each other, and each of the second longitudinal grooves R12 is equidistant with respect to two first grooves R11 .

[0077] In accordance with a preferred embodiment, the first grooves R11 have a first depth PR1 between 8 and 20 mm and a first width Lrl between 2 and 8 mm, while the second grooves R12 have a second depth PR2 between 3 and 15 mm and a second width Lr2 between 2 and 8 mm.

[0078] Preferably the second depth Pr2 is smaller than the first depth Prl.

[0079] Thanks to the second groove R12 the transmission and orientation of the unidirectional magnetic flux is optimized.

[0080] It should be noted that the first longitudinal grooves R11 are limited by a first bottom 230 defined in a single piece by the support structure 11, by the lateral surface 50C of the first collectors 50 and a first wall 231 . Where the first width Lrl is measured between the side surface 50C and the first wall 231. The second longitudinal grooves R12 are limited by a second bottom 232 defined in a single piece by the support structure 11 and by second and third walls 233, 234 facing each other. Where the second width Lr2 is measured between the second and third walls 233, 234.

[0081] Preferably, the walls of the grooves R11, R12 are substantially parallel to each other.

[0082] In accordance with a preferred embodiment, the magnetic equipment comprises filling elements 200 arranged inside the first recesses R1 so that said first side 12 has a seamless surface, i.e. flat or without reliefs.

[0083] Preferably, the filling elements 200 are made of non-magnetic material such as resin or brass.

[0084] In accordance with a preferred embodiment illustrated in Figures 4 -7, each polar unit 30A comprises at least a magnetic core 40 and an electric winding 30 arranged around it.

[0085] Preferably, the magnetic core 40 is configured to polarize the magnetic pole P by induction by means of the unidirectional magnetic flux so as to make the first side 12 magnetically active for magnetically anchoring first ferrous elements and neutralizing the magnetic pole P. The electric winding 30 is instead configured to polarize and neutralize the magnetic core 40.

[0086] According to one aspect, the electrical winding 30 is configured to generate an electromagnetic field (for example by impulsive direct current circulation) to polarize the magnetic core 40 and an electromagnetic field (for example with alternating polarity decreasing over time) to neutralize the magnetic core 40.

[0087] For example, the magnetic core is of the reversible permanent type 40 and is realised as a reversible permanent magnet of the AlNiCo type.

[0088] It should be noted that the closing element 60 is positioned close to the first magnetic core 40 to pack-tighten said magnetic core 40 and the electrical winding 30 against the bottom 50B of the first polar collector 50.

[0089] In accordance with a preferred embodiment, the closing elements 60 act as second pole collectors configured to convey the unidirectional magnetic flux to the second side 13 and to define the second magnetic surface.

[0090] Advantageously, the lateral portions 60A of the second polar collectors 60 identify a portion of said second side 13.

[0091] In accordance with a preferred embodiment, each closing element 60 comprises a closing plate 61 fixed to the support structure 11 by fixing means 63. Preferably, such fastening means 63 comprising a seat 62 obtained between two adjacent polar collectors 60 inside the support structure 11 on the bottom side of the polar collector 50 and a fixing element 63 configured to engage with the seat 62 and a hole 64 obtained on the closing plate 61.

[0092] Preferably, resin can be inserted between the closing elements 60 and the support structure 11 to prevent impurities and moisture from reaching the winding 30.

[0093] In accordance with a preferred embodiment, the aforementioned elements take the form of elements with a circular cross-section. Alternatively, the elements constituting the N polar units 30A could have a quadrangular or rectangular plan section or any other shape.

[0094] It should be noted that the thickness of the second polar collector 60 is suitable for making the unidirectional magnetic flux or most of it generated by the magnetic cores 40 exit in order to have the surface of said second side 13 magnetically active, i.e having a magnetic force value sufficient to anchor the magnetic equipment 10A through the second side 13.

[0095] It should be noted that the "N" polar units 30A can be freely arranged within the structure 11, i.e. they can be arranged without a predefined geometric pattern being respected.

[0096] However, according to a preferred embodiment, the "N" polar units 30A are arranged in the structure 11 according to a predefined scheme; for example, the "N" polar units 30A can be arranged according to a matrix-like scheme (figure 3).

[0097] In accordance with a preferred embodiment, the polar units are arranged in rows 65 along the length Y-Y or width X-X direction of the support structure 11. Each row 65 is separated from an adjacent row 65 by a partition wall 64 formed within the thickness S as discussed below.

[0098] Preferably, each row 65 may comprise multiple polar units 30A by identifying relative first polar collectors along the relative row direction separated by a separation area A.

[0099] In accordance with a preferred embodiment, the support structure 11 comprises first recesses R2 contained in the thickness S of the support structure 11.

[0100] The second recesses R2 are obtained within the thickness S from the second side 13. It should be noted that the second polar collector 60, the first magnetic core 40, and the electrical winding 30 are housed in the second recess R2.

[0101] Preferably, said second recesses R2 define the bottom 50B of the first magnetic collectors 50. Most preferably, the second recesses R2 define the partition walls 64. Even more preferably the second recesses R2 define the perimeter walls 66A, 66B, 66C 66D within which magnetic cores 40, windings 40 and closing elements 60 are arranged.

[0102] In fact, it is envisaged that in the thickness S of the support structure 11 starting from the outer surface of the second side 13 the aforementioned second recesses R2 of depth S’ are made suitably shaped to identify the bottom 50B of the first polar collector 50.

[0103] Advantageously, a control unit is provided operatively connected to the magnetic equipment 10A in order to control the operating conditions of the equipment itself.

[0104] In particular, the control unit is electrically associated with the magnetic equipment 10A by means of an electrical connection for controlling the electrical windings 30 so as to modify the magnetization of the magnetic cores 40 as a function of the specific operating conditions.

[0105] The control unit comprises a plurality of keys where by pressing them the operator can command the magnetic equipment to operate in accordance with the operating conditions, as described in more detail below. In the following, reference can be made for example to Figures 6 and 7 where the unidirectional magnetic flux lines are schematically represented.

[0106] It should first be noted that the polar units 30A generate at least a first magnetic flux on said first side 12 when the magnetic equipment 10A is in working condition and therefore magnetically active, the unidirectional magnetic flux with pole in the magnetic pole thanks to the first recesses Rl.

[0107] This unidirectional magnetic flux is capable of magnetically anchoring first ferrous elements Pl.

[0108] Advantageously, the unidirectional magnetic flux defines at the second side 13 a further magnetic anchoring surface so as to magnetically anchor second ferrous elements like the pallet P2.

[0109] In other words, the polar units 30A generate on said second side 13, when the magnetic equipment 10A is in a working condition, at least the same unidirectional magnetic flux capable of magnetically anchoring second ferrous elements like the pallet P2.

[0110] The magnetic equipment 10A can therefore have three different operating conditions, such as those described below:

[0111] - activation;

[0112] - deactivation;

[0113] In order to use the magnetic equipment 10A it is necessary to use the control unit capable of appropriately modifying the magnetic field generated by the magnetic core 40.

[0114] In particular, this control unit is realised as an electrical command that performs a current control during the aforementioned three different operating conditions.

[0115] In particular, the control unit performs a specific control for each of the different operating conditions, such as those described below:

[0116] - in the case of activation, a polarization cycle is provided in one direction of the magnetic core 40,

[0117] - in the case of deactivation, a neutralization cycle is provided for demagnetizing the magnetic core 40.

[0118] It should also be noted that the magnetic equipment 10A is constrainable to the machine tool baseplate P2 only by means of the magnetic force but it is also provided, if the machining needs so require, that there are mechanical constraint means interposed between the magnetic equipment 10A and the baseplate 17.

[0119] A further object of the present invention is a method for operating the magnetic equipment 10 A.

[0120] Such a method comprises the steps of providing a magnetic equipment 10A of the type previously described.

[0121] The method comprises the step of activating the magnetic equipment 10A to magnetically anchor first ferrous elements Pl and the pallet P2 to the support structure.

[0122] Preferably, the method further comprises the step of deactivating the magnetic equipment 10A to free first ferrous elements Pl and the pallet P2 from the support structure 11.

[0123] In accordance with a preferred embodiment, the step of activating comprises the step of generating an electromagnetic field by means of the electrical winding 30. Subsequently, the step of activating comprises the step of polarizing the magnetic core 40 by means of the electromagnetic field and generating the unidirectional magnetic flux. The step of activating further comprises the step of transferring the unidirectional magnetic flux by means of the first recesses R1 by induction and polarizing the magnetic pole P to generate a first magnetic surface on the first side 12. The step of activating comprises the step of simultaneously with the first magnetic surface, generating a second magnetic surface on the second side 12 by means of the generated unidirectional magnetic flux. Finally, the step of activating comprises the step of simultaneously anchoring first ferrous elements Pl and the pallet P2 to the support structure 11 at the first and second sides 12, 13, respectively.

[0124] In accordance with a preferred embodiment, the step of deactivating comprises the step of generating an electromagnetic field with alternating polarity decreasing over time by means of the electrical winding 30. Subsequently, the step of deactivating comprises the step of neutralizing the magnetic core 40 by means of the electromagnetic field generated by the electric winding 30 and demagnetizing the magnetic pole P by neutralizing the magnetic core 40. Finally, the step of deactivating comprises the step of simultaneously demagnetizing the first and second magnetic surfaces and freeing the first ferrous elements Pl and the pallet P2 from the support structure.

[0125] As can be appreciated from what has been described, the magnetic equipment according to the invention makes it possible to satisfy the aforesaid need and at the same time to overcome the drawbacks referred to in the introductory part of the present description.

[0126] Obviously, an expert skilled in the art, for the purpose of satisfying specific, contingent needs, can make numerous modifications to the variants described above, all contained within the scope of protection, as defined by the following claims.

Claims

CLAIMS1. Magnetic equipment (10A) of the permanent-electro type for magnetically anchoring ferrous elements (Pl), characterized by comprising:- a support structure (11) having a predetermined width (L), length (1) and thickness (S) and a plurality of polar units (30A),- in said support structure (11), a first and a second side (12, 13) being identified at the opposite surfaces of greater extension,- the polar units of said plurality of polar units (30 A) being housed in the thickness (S) of said support structure (11) and configured to generate in said first side (12) and second side (13) at least a unidirectional magnetic flux so as to define a first and a second magnetic anchoring surface for magnetically anchoring first ferrous elements (Pl) and a pallet (P2) to the support structure (11), respectively,- each polar unit (30A) comprising a magnetic circuit having at least a respective first polar collector (50) configured to convey the unidirectional magnetic flux on the first side (12) so as to identify the first magnetic surface, each polar collector (50) being integrally formed with the support structure (11), so as to make monolithic-type magnetic equipment (10A),- closing elements (60) associated with the support structure (11), a lateral portion (60A) of each closing element (60) identifying a portion of said second side (13);- first longitudinal recesses (Rl) extending along the width (L) or length (1) of the support structure (11) and obtained inside the thickness (S) from the first side (12) and delimiting the polar collectors (50), said first recesses (Rl) being configured to induce said unidirectional magnetic flux on the first side (12) so as to define a magnetic pole (P), wherein said first longitudinal recesses (Rl) have first longitudinal grooves (Rl l) therebetween spaced along the width or length of the support structure (10), wherein the first polar collectors (50) are defined every two longitudinal grooves (Rl 1);- said first longitudinal recesses (Rl) have second longitudinal grooves (R12) therebetween spaced along the width or length of the support structure (10), each second groove (R12) being interposed between two first grooves (Rl 1)2. The magnetic equipment (10A) according to claim 1, wherein each polar unit (30A) comprises:- a magnetic core (40) configured for:- polarizing the magnetic pole by induction by means of the unidirectional magnetic flux so as to make the first side (12) magnetically active for magnetically anchoring first ferrous elements;- neutralizing the magnetic pole (P);-an electrical winding (30) configured to polarize and neutralize the magnetic core (40).

3. The magnetic equipment (10A) according to claim 1, wherein each magnetic pole (P) is integrated within the support structure (11) at a relative first polar collector (50).

4. The magnetic equipment (10A) according to claim 1, wherein the first longitudinal grooves (RH) are equispaced from each other and each of said second longitudinal grooves (R12) is equidistant with respect to two first grooves (Rl 1).

5. The magnetic equipment (10A) according to claim 1, wherein:- the first grooves (Rl 1) have a first depth (Prl) between 8 and 20 mm and a first width (Lrl) between 2 and 8 mm;- the second grooves (R12) have a second depth (Pr2) between 3 and 15 mm and a second width (Lr2) between 2 and 8 mm.

6. The magnetic equipment (10A), according to claim 1, comprising filling elements (200) arranged inside said first recesses (Rl) so that said first side has a seamless surface.

7. The magnetic equipment (10A) according to claim 6, wherein the filling elements (200) are made in non-magnetic material.

8. The magnetic equipment (10A) according to claim 2, comprising second recesses (R2) obtained inside the thickness (S) starting from the second side (13) and are configured to house at said magnetic core (40), said electrical winding (30) and said closing element (60).

9. The magnetic equipment (10A) according to any one of the claims, wherein the closing elements (60) are embodied in relative second polar collectors configured to convey the unidirectional magnetic flux on the second side (13) and generate the second magnetic surface.

10. Method for operating magnetic equipment (10) comprising a step of:- providing magnetic equipment (10A) according to any one of claims 1 to 9; said method being characterized in that it comprises the steps of:- activating the magnetic equipment (10A) to magnetically anchor first ferrous elements (Pl) and the pallet (P2) to the support structure, comprising the steps of:- generating an electromagnetic field by means of the electrical winding (30);- polarizing the magnetic core (40) by means of the electromagnetic field and generating the unidirectional magnetic flux;- transferring the unidirectional magnetic flux by means of the first recesses (Rl) by induction and polarizing the magnetic pole to generate a first magnetic surfaceon the first side (12);- simultaneously with the first magnetic surface, generating a second magnetic surface on the second side (12) by means of the generated magnetic flux;- simultaneously anchoring first ferrous elements (Pl) and the pallet (P2) to the support structure (11) at the first and second sides, respectively;11. A method for operating magnetic equipment (10A) according to claim 10, comprising the steps of:- deactivating the magnetic equipment (10A) to free first ferrous elements (P2) and the pallet (P2) from the support structure (11), comprising the steps of:- generating an electromagnetic field with alternating polarity decreasing over time by means of the electrical winding (30);- neutralizing the magnetic core (40) by means of the electromagnetic field generated by the electric winding (30);- demagnetizing the magnetic pole (P) by neutralizing the magnetic core (40);- simultaneously demagnetizing the first and second magnetic surfaces and freeing the first ferrous elements (Pl) and the pallet (P2) from the support structure (11).

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