Electronic device having buck converter

Abstract

This electronic device (300) comprises: a control circuit; and a buck converter for lowering and outputting voltage input from a power source. The buck converter comprises: an input terminal connected to the power source; an output terminal connected to a load; a first switch; a second switch; and an inductor. The first switch and the second switch are sequentially connected in series from the input terminal to the ground of the electronic device. One end of the inductor is connected between the first switch and the second switch, and the other end of the inductor is connected to a load through the output terminal. The control circuit can: measure current (IL) flowing from the inductor toward the load, output voltage at the output terminal, and voltage (VLX) between the first switch and the second switch while the first switch is open and the second switch is closed; calculate a first voltage value (VCS) by using a value indicating the current flowing from the inverter toward the load; calculate a second voltage value (VCOMP) on the basis of a comparison result between the output voltage and a designated reference voltage value; and close the first switch and open the second switch on the basis that the voltage between the first switch and the second switch is greater than "output voltage*K (a designated constant)" and the second voltage value is greater than the first voltage value (VLX > VOUT*K, VCOMP > VCS).

Description

Electronic devices with buck converters

[0001] The present disclosure relates to an electronic device having a buck converter for supplying power to a load of the electronic device.

[0002] An electronic device may include a buck converter for voltage reduction and a control circuit for controlling the converter. For example, the buck converter may include multiple switches and an inductor. The control circuit may check the voltage output from the buck converter and control the state of the switches based on the check result. Based on this control, the buck converter may reduce the voltage received from a power source (e.g., a battery) to a specified voltage. Power with the reduced output voltage may be output to a load.

[0003] The above information is provided as background information to aid in understanding the present disclosure. No claim or determination is made as to whether any of the above is applicable as prior art related to the present disclosure.

[0004] In a buck converter, a switch can be switched from a closed state (or turned on) to an open state (or turned off) or vice versa, based on the control circuit's control. When a switch switches from an open state to a closed state, power loss may occur in that switch.

[0005] According to various embodiments of the present disclosure, an electronic device can minimize power loss in a switch when the switch in a buck converter transitions between states. The technical challenges addressed by the present disclosure are not limited to the technical challenges mentioned above, and other technical challenges not mentioned will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, based on the description below.

[0006] According to one embodiment, an electronic device includes a control circuit; and a buck converter configured to lower a voltage input from a power source and output it. The buck converter includes an input terminal connected to the power source, an output terminal connected to a load, a first switch, a second switch, and an inductor. The first switch and the second switch are sequentially connected in series from the input terminal to a ground of the electronic device. One end of the inductor is connected between the first switch and the second switch, and the other end of the inductor is connected to the load via the output terminal. The control circuit can measure a current (IL) flowing from the inductor toward the load, an output voltage at the output terminal, and a voltage (VLX) between the first switch and the second switch while the first switch is open and the second switch is closed. The control circuit can calculate a first voltage value (VCS) using a value representing a current flowing from the inverter toward the load. The control circuit can calculate a second voltage value (VCOMP) based on a comparison result between the output voltage and a specified reference voltage value. The control circuit can close the first switch and open the second switch based on the voltage between the first switch and the second switch being greater than “the output voltage*K (specified constant)” and the second voltage value being greater than the first voltage value (VLX > VOUT*K, VCOMP > VCS).

[0007] According to one embodiment, an electronic device includes a control circuit; and a buck converter configured to lower a voltage input from a power source and output it. The buck converter includes an input terminal connected to the power source, an output terminal connected to a load, a first switch, a second switch, and an inductor. The first switch and the second switch are sequentially connected in series from the input terminal to a ground of the electronic device. One end of the inductor is connected between the first switch and the second switch, and the other end of the inductor is connected to the load through the output terminal. The control circuit can measure a current (IL) flowing from the inductor toward the load and a voltage (VLX) between the first switch and the second switch while the first switch is open and the second switch is closed. The control circuit can close the first switch and open the second switch based on whether the current flowing toward the load is less than or equal to a first threshold and whether the voltage between the first switch and the second switch is greater than or equal to a second threshold.

[0008] According to one embodiment, a method of operating an electronic device is provided. The electronic device includes a buck converter configured to lower a voltage input from a power source and output it. The buck converter includes an input terminal connected to the power source, an output terminal connected to a load, a first switch, a second switch, and an inductor. The first switch and the second switch are sequentially connected in series from the input terminal to a ground of the electronic device. One end of the inductor is connected between the first switch and the second switch, and the other end of the inductor is connected to the load through the output terminal. The method may include: measuring a current flowing from the inductor toward the load and a voltage between the first switch and the second switch while the first switch is open and the second switch is closed; and closing the first switch and opening the second switch based on whether the current flowing toward the load is less than or equal to a first threshold and the voltage between the first switch and the second switch is greater than or equal to a second threshold.

[0009] According to one embodiment, a method of operating an electronic device is provided. The electronic device includes a buck converter configured to lower a voltage input from a power source and output it. The buck converter includes an input terminal connected to the power source, an output terminal connected to a load, a first switch, a second switch, and an inductor. The first switch and the second switch are sequentially connected in series from the input terminal to a ground of the electronic device. One end of the inductor is connected between the first switch and the second switch, and the other end of the inductor is connected to the load through the output terminal. The method includes: measuring a current flowing from the inductor toward the load, an output voltage at the output terminal, and a voltage between the first switch and the second switch while the first switch is open and the second switch is closed; calculating a first voltage value using a value representing the current flowing toward the load; calculating a second voltage value based on a result of comparing the output voltage with a specified reference voltage value; And it may include an operation of closing the first switch and opening the second switch based on the voltage between the first switch and the second switch being greater than “the output voltage * K (specified constant)” and the second voltage value being greater than the first voltage value.

[0010] According to one embodiment, an electronic device includes a buck converter configured to lower a voltage input from a power source and output it; a memory storing instructions; and at least one processor. The buck converter includes an input terminal connected to the power source, an output terminal connected to a load, a first switch, a second switch, and an inductor. The first switch and the second switch are sequentially connected in series from the input terminal to a ground of the electronic device. One end of the inductor is connected between the first switch and the second switch, and the other end of the inductor is connected to the load via the output terminal. The instructions, when individually or collectively executed by the at least one processor, may cause the electronic device to measure a current flowing from the inductor toward the load, an output voltage at the output terminal, and a voltage between the first switch and the second switch while the first switch is open and the second switch is closed, calculate a first voltage value using a value representing the current flowing toward the load, calculate a second voltage value based on a comparison result of the output voltage and a designated reference voltage value, and close the first switch and open the second switch based on the voltage between the first switch and the second switch being greater than “the output voltage * K (a designated constant)” and the second voltage value being greater than the first voltage value.

[0011] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, an electronic device can minimize power loss in a switch when the switch in a buck converter transitions between states. In addition, various other benefits, directly or indirectly identified through this document, may be provided.

[0012] FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an electronic device within a network environment according to various embodiments.

[0013] FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a power management module and a battery according to various embodiments.

[0014] FIG. 3 is a block diagram of an electronic device (300) configured to supply power received from a battery or an external power supply device through a power terminal to a system of the electronic device, according to one embodiment.

[0015] FIG. 4 is a block diagram of the power management circuit of FIG. 3, according to one embodiment.

[0016] Figure 5 is a drawing for explaining the operation of a buck converter.

[0017] FIG. 6 is a block diagram of the control circuit of FIG. 4 according to one embodiment.

[0018] Figure 7 is a block diagram of the state determination module in Figure 6.

[0019] Fig. 8 is a drawing for explaining the operation of the control circuit of Fig. 4.

[0020] FIGS. 9, 10, 11, 12, and 13 are flowcharts illustrating an operation for controlling a buck converter according to one embodiment.

[0021] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to the drawings so that those skilled in the art can easily implement the present disclosure. However, the present disclosure may be implemented in various different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. In connection with the description of the drawings, the same or similar reference numerals may be used for identical or similar components. Furthermore, in the drawings and related descriptions, descriptions of well-known functions and configurations may be omitted for clarity and conciseness.

[0022] FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an electronic device (101) within a network environment (100) according to various embodiments. Referring to FIG. 1, in the network environment (100), the electronic device (101) may communicate with an electronic device (102) via a first network (198) (e.g., a short-range wireless communication network), or may communicate with at least one of an electronic device (104) or a server (108) via a second network (199) (e.g., a long-range wireless communication network). According to one embodiment, the electronic device (101) may communicate with the electronic device (104) via the server (108). According to one embodiment, the electronic device (101) may include a processor (120), a memory (130), an input module (150), an audio output module (155), a display module (160), an audio module (170), a sensor module (176), an interface (177), a connection terminal (178), a haptic module (179), a camera module (180), a power management module (188), a battery (189), a communication module (190), a subscriber identification module (196), or an antenna module (197). In some embodiments, the electronic device (101) may omit at least one of these components (e.g., the connection terminal (178)), or may have one or more other components added. In some embodiments, some of these components (e.g., the sensor module (176), the camera module (180), or the antenna module (197)) may be integrated into one component (e.g., the display module (160)).

[0023] The processor (120) may, for example, execute software (e.g., a program (140)) to control at least one other component (e.g., a hardware or software component) of the electronic device (101) connected to the processor (120) and perform various data processing or calculations. According to one embodiment, as at least a part of the data processing or calculations, the processor (120) may store commands or data received from other components (e.g., a sensor module (176) or a communication module (190)) in a volatile memory (132), process the commands or data stored in the volatile memory (132), and store result data in a non-volatile memory (134). According to one embodiment, the processor (120) may include a main processor (121) (e.g., a central processing unit or an application processor) or a secondary processor (123) (e.g., a graphics processing unit, a neural processing unit (NPU), an image signal processor, a sensor hub processor, or a communication processor)) that can operate independently or together therewith. For example, if the electronic device (101) includes a main processor (121) and a secondary processor (123), the secondary processor (123) may be configured to use less power than the main processor (121) or to be specialized for a specified function. The secondary processor (123) may be implemented separately from the main processor (121) or as a part thereof.

[0024] The auxiliary processor (123) may control at least a portion of functions or states associated with at least one component (e.g., a display module (160), a sensor module (176), or a communication module (190)) of the electronic device (101), for example, on behalf of the main processor (121) while the main processor (121) is in an inactive (e.g., sleep) state, or together with the main processor (121) while the main processor (121) is in an active (e.g., application execution) state. In one embodiment, the auxiliary processor (123) (e.g., an image signal processor or a communication processor) may be implemented as a part of another functionally related component (e.g., a camera module (180) or a communication module (190)). In one embodiment, the auxiliary processor (123) (e.g., a neural network processing unit) may include a hardware structure specialized for processing artificial intelligence models. The artificial intelligence models may be generated through machine learning. This learning can be performed, for example, on the electronic device (101) itself where the artificial intelligence model is executed, or can be performed through a separate server (e.g., server (108)). The learning algorithm can include, for example, supervised learning, unsupervised learning, semi-supervised learning, or reinforcement learning, but is not limited to the examples described above. The artificial intelligence model can include multiple artificial neural network layers.The artificial neural network may be one of a deep neural network (DNN), a convolutional neural network (CNN), a recurrent neural network (RNN), a restricted Boltzmann machine (RBM), a deep belief network (DBN), a bidirectional recurrent deep neural network (BRDNN), a deep Q-network, or a combination of two or more of the above, but is not limited to the examples described above. In addition to, or alternatively to, a hardware structure, an artificial intelligence model may include a software structure.

[0025] The memory (130) can store various data used by at least one component (e.g., processor (120) or sensor module (176)) of the electronic device (101). The data can include, for example, software (e.g., program (140)) and input data or output data for commands related thereto. The memory (130) can include volatile memory (132) or non-volatile memory (134).

[0026] The program (140) may be stored as software in the memory (130) and may include, for example, an operating system (142), middleware (144), or an application (146).

[0027] The input module (150) can receive commands or data to be used in a component of the electronic device (101) (e.g., a processor (120)) from an external source (e.g., a user) of the electronic device (101). The input module (150) can include, for example, a microphone, a mouse, a keyboard, a key (e.g., a button), or a digital pen (e.g., a stylus pen).

[0028] The audio output module (155) can output audio signals to the outside of the electronic device (101). The audio output module (155) can include, for example, a speaker or a receiver. The speaker can be used for general purposes, such as multimedia playback or recording playback. The receiver can be used to receive incoming calls. In one embodiment, the receiver can be implemented separately from the speaker or as part of the speaker.

[0029] The display module (160) can visually provide information to an external party (e.g., a user) of the electronic device (101). The display module (160) may include, for example, a display, a holographic device, or a projector and a control circuit for controlling the device. In one embodiment, the display module (160) may include a touch sensor configured to detect a touch, or a pressure sensor configured to measure the intensity of a force generated by the touch.

[0030] The audio module (170) can convert sound into an electrical signal, or vice versa, convert an electrical signal into sound. According to one embodiment, the audio module (170) can acquire sound through the input module (150), output sound through the sound output module (155), or an external electronic device (e.g., electronic device (102)) (e.g., speaker or headphone) directly or wirelessly connected to the electronic device (101).

[0031] The sensor module (176) can detect the operating status (e.g., power or temperature) of the electronic device (101) or the external environmental status (e.g., user status) and generate an electrical signal or data value corresponding to the detected status. According to one embodiment, the sensor module (176) can include, for example, a gesture sensor, a gyro sensor, a barometric pressure sensor, a magnetic sensor, an acceleration sensor, a grip sensor, a proximity sensor, a color sensor, an IR (infrared) sensor, a biometric sensor, a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, or an illuminance sensor.

[0032] The interface (177) may support one or more designated protocols that may be used to directly or wirelessly connect the electronic device (101) with an external electronic device (e.g., the electronic device (102)). In one embodiment, the interface (177) may include, for example, a high definition multimedia interface (HDMI), a universal serial bus (USB) interface, an SD card interface, or an audio interface.

[0033] The connection terminal (178) may include a connector through which the electronic device (101) may be physically connected to an external electronic device (e.g., electronic device (102)). According to one embodiment, the connection terminal (178) may include, for example, an HDMI connector, a USB connector, an SD card connector, or an audio connector (e.g., a headphone connector).

[0034] A haptic module (179) can convert electrical signals into mechanical stimuli (e.g., vibration or movement) or electrical stimuli that a user can perceive through tactile or kinesthetic sensations. In one embodiment, the haptic module (179) can include, for example, a motor, a piezoelectric element, or an electrical stimulation device.

[0035] The camera module (180) can capture still images and videos. According to one embodiment, the camera module (180) may include one or more lenses, image sensors, image signal processors, or flashes.

[0036] The power management module (188) can manage power supplied to the electronic device (101). According to one embodiment, the power management module (188) can be implemented, for example, as at least a part of a power management integrated circuit (PMIC).

[0037] A battery (189) may power at least one component of the electronic device (101). In one embodiment, the battery (189) may include, for example, a non-rechargeable primary battery, a rechargeable secondary battery, or a fuel cell.

[0038] The communication module (190) may support the establishment of a direct (e.g., wired) communication channel or a wireless communication channel between the electronic device (101) and an external electronic device (e.g., electronic device (102), electronic device (104), or server (108)), and the performance of communication through the established communication channel. The communication module (190) may operate independently from the processor (120) (e.g., application processor) and may include one or more communication processors that support direct (e.g., wired) communication or wireless communication. According to one embodiment, the communication module (190) may include a wireless communication module (192) (e.g., a cellular communication module, a short-range wireless communication module, or a global navigation satellite system (GNSS) communication module) or a wired communication module (194) (e.g., a local area network (LAN) communication module, or a power line communication module). Among these communication modules, the corresponding communication module can communicate with an external electronic device (104) via a first network (198) (e.g., a short-range communication network such as Bluetooth, wireless fidelity (WiFi) direct, or infrared data association (IrDA)) or a second network (199) (e.g., a long-range communication network such as a legacy cellular network, a 5G network, a next-generation communication network, the Internet, or a computer network (e.g., a LAN or WAN)). These various types of communication modules can be integrated into a single component (e.g., a single chip) or implemented as multiple separate components (e.g., multiple chips). The wireless communication module (192) can verify or authenticate the electronic device (101) within a communication network such as the first network (198) or the second network (199) by using subscriber information (e.g., an international mobile subscriber identity (IMSI)) stored in the subscriber identification module (196).

[0039] The wireless communication module (192) can support 5G networks and next-generation communication technologies following the 4G network, such as NR access technology (new radio access technology). The NR access technology can support high-speed transmission of high-capacity data (eMBB (enhanced mobile broadband)), minimization of terminal power and connection of multiple terminals (mMTC (massive machine type communications)), or high reliability and low latency (URLLC (ultra-reliable and low-latency communications)). The wireless communication module (192) can support, for example, a high-frequency band (e.g., mmWave band) to achieve a high data transmission rate. The wireless communication module (192) can support various technologies for securing performance in a high-frequency band, such as beamforming, massive multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO), full dimensional MIMO (FD-MIMO), array antenna, analog beam-forming, or large scale antenna. The wireless communication module (192) can support various requirements specified in the electronic device (101), an external electronic device (e.g., the electronic device (104)), or a network system (e.g., the second network (199)). According to one embodiment, the wireless communication module (192) can support a peak data rate (e.g., 20 Gbps or more) for eMBB realization, a loss coverage (e.g., 164 dB or less) for mMTC realization, or a U-plane latency (e.g., 0.5 ms or less for downlink (DL) and uplink (UL), or 1 ms or less for round trip) for URLLC realization.

[0040] The antenna module (197) can transmit or receive signals or power to or from an external device (e.g., an external electronic device). In one embodiment, the antenna module (197) may include an antenna including a radiator formed of a conductor or a conductive pattern formed on a substrate (e.g., a PCB). In one embodiment, the antenna module (197) may include a plurality of antennas (e.g., an array antenna). In this case, at least one antenna suitable for a communication method used in a communication network, such as the first network (198) or the second network (199), may be selected from the plurality of antennas by, for example, the communication module (190). A signal or power may be transmitted or received between the communication module (190) and an external electronic device through the selected at least one antenna. In some embodiments, in addition to the radiator, another component (e.g., a radio frequency integrated circuit (RFIC)) may be additionally formed as a part of the antenna module (197).

[0041] According to various embodiments, the antenna module (197) may form a mmWave antenna module. According to one embodiment, the mmWave antenna module may include a printed circuit board, an RFIC disposed on or adjacent a first side (e.g., a bottom side) of the printed circuit board and capable of supporting a designated high-frequency band (e.g., a mmWave band), and a plurality of antennas (e.g., an array antenna) disposed on or adjacent a second side (e.g., a top side or a side side) of the printed circuit board and capable of transmitting or receiving signals in the designated high-frequency band.

[0042] At least some of the above components can be interconnected and exchange signals (e.g., commands or data) with each other via a communication method between peripheral devices (e.g., a bus, GPIO (general purpose input and output), SPI (serial peripheral interface), or MIPI (mobile industry processor interface)).

[0043] According to one embodiment, commands or data may be transmitted or received between the electronic device (101) and an external electronic device (104) via a server (108) connected to a second network (199). Each of the external electronic devices (102 or 104) may be the same or a different type of device as the electronic device (101). According to one embodiment, all or part of the operations executed in the electronic device (101) may be executed in one or more of the external electronic devices (102, 104, or 108). For example, when the electronic device (101) is to perform a certain function or service automatically or in response to a request from a user or another device, the electronic device (101) may, instead of or in addition to executing the function or service itself, request one or more external electronic devices to perform the function or at least a part of the service. One or more external electronic devices that receive the request may execute at least a portion of the requested function or service, or an additional function or service related to the request, and transmit the result of the execution to the electronic device (101). The electronic device (101) may process the result as is or additionally and provide it as at least a portion of a response to the request. For this purpose, cloud computing, distributed computing, mobile edge computing (MEC), or client-server computing technology may be used, for example. The electronic device (101) may provide an ultra-low latency service by using distributed computing or mobile edge computing, for example. In another embodiment, the external electronic device (104) may include an Internet of Things (IoT) device. The server (108) may be an intelligent server utilizing machine learning and / or a neural network. According to one embodiment, the external electronic device (104) or the server (108) may be included in the second network (199).The electronic device (101) can be applied to intelligent services (e.g., smart home, smart city, smart car, or healthcare) based on 5G communication technology and IoT-related technology.

[0044] FIG. 2 is a block diagram (200) of a power management module (188) and a battery (189) according to various embodiments. Referring to FIG. 2, the power management module (188) may include a charging circuit (210), a power regulator (220), or a power gauge (230). The charging circuit (210) may charge the battery (189) using power supplied from an external power source for the electronic device (101). According to one embodiment, the charging circuit (210) may select a charging method (e.g., normal charging or rapid charging) based on at least some of the type of the external power source (e.g., power adapter, USB, or wireless charging), the amount of power that can be supplied from the external power source (e.g., about 20 watts or more), or the properties of the battery (189), and may charge the battery (189) using the selected charging method. The external power source may be connected to the electronic device (101) by wire, for example, via a connection terminal (178), or wirelessly via an antenna module (197).

[0045] The power regulator (220) can generate a plurality of powers having different voltages or different current levels by adjusting the voltage level or current level of the power supplied from, for example, an external power source or a battery (189). The power regulator (220) can adjust the power of the external power source or the battery (189) to a voltage or current level suitable for each of the components included in the electronic device (101). According to one embodiment, the power regulator (220) can be implemented in the form of an LDO (low drop out) regulator or a switching regulator. The power gauge (230) can measure usage status information for the battery (189) (e.g., capacity, number of charge / discharge cycles, voltage, or temperature of the battery (189).

[0046] The power management module (188) can determine charging state information (e.g., lifespan, overvoltage, undervoltage, overcurrent, overcharge, overdischarge, overheat, short circuit, or swelling) related to charging of the battery (189) based at least in part on the measured usage state information, for example, using the charging circuit (210), the voltage regulator (220), or the power gauge (230). The power management module (188) can determine whether the battery (189) is normal or abnormal based at least in part on the determined charging state information. If the state of the battery (189) is determined to be abnormal, the power management module (188) can adjust charging of the battery (189) (e.g., reducing the charging current or voltage, or stopping charging). According to one embodiment, at least some of the functions of the power management module (188) can be performed by an external control device (e.g., the processor (120)).

[0047] The battery (189) may, according to one embodiment, include a battery protection circuit module (PCM) (240). The battery protection circuit (240) may perform one or more of various functions (e.g., a pre-cut function) to prevent performance degradation or damage to the battery (189). The battery protection circuit (240) may additionally or alternatively be configured as at least a part of a battery management system (BMS) that may perform various functions including cell balancing, capacity measurement of the battery, charge / discharge cycle measurement, temperature measurement, or voltage measurement.

[0048] According to one embodiment, at least a portion of the usage status information or the charging status information of the battery (189) may be measured using a corresponding sensor (e.g., a temperature sensor) among the sensor modules (276), a power gauge (230), or a power management module (188). According to one embodiment, the corresponding sensor (e.g., a temperature sensor) among the sensor modules (176) may be included as a part of the battery protection circuit (140) or may be placed near the battery (189) as a separate device.

[0049] FIG. 3 is a block diagram of an electronic device (300) configured to supply power received from a battery (320) or an external power supply device (301) through a power terminal (330) to a system (310) of the electronic device (300), according to one embodiment.

[0050] Referring to FIG. 3, an electronic device (300) (e.g., the electronic device (101) of FIG. 1) may include a system (310) including one or more loads, a battery (320) (e.g., the battery (189) of FIG. 1), a power terminal (330), a charging circuit (335), and a power management circuit (340) (e.g., the power management module (188) of FIG. 1). In the system (310), the loads may include electronic components that are driven using a power signal received through the power management circuit (340) and / or a power signal received from the battery (320). For example, the system (310) may include a processor (e.g., the processor (120) of FIG. 1), a memory (e.g., the memory (130) of FIG. 1), a communication circuit (e.g., the communication module (190) of FIG. 1), a display (e.g., the display module (160)), and a camera (e.g., the camera module (180) of FIG. 1).

[0051] A power supply device (301) (e.g., an electronic device (102) of FIG. 1) may include an adapter. For example, the adapter may convert the current characteristics of a power signal input from an external power source from alternating current (AC) to direct current (DC) and adjust the voltage of the power signal to a specified voltage value. The power supply device (301) may be electrically connected to a power terminal (e.g., a power terminal in a universal serial bus (USB) connector) (330) of the electronic device (300) via a cable (e.g., a USB cable). The power supply device (301) may output a power signal whose voltage is adjusted by the adapter and whose current characteristics are converted to DC to the power terminal (330) via the cable.

[0052] The charging circuit (335) (e.g., the charging circuit (210) of FIG. 2) can charge the battery (320) using a power signal received from the power supply device (301) through the power terminal (330). For example, the charging circuit (335) may include a first power conversion circuit (e.g., a buck converter and a boost converter) configured to adjust a ratio (voltage conversion ratio) of a voltage value of a power signal output to the battery (320) to a voltage value of the received power signal, and / or a second power conversion circuit (e.g., a switched capacitor voltage divider (SCVD)) configured to convert a voltage value of the received power signal to a fixed voltage conversion ratio (e.g., 2 to 1) and output the converted voltage value to the battery (320).

[0053] The power management circuit (340) can adjust the voltage value (or voltage level) of power received from the battery (320) or from the power supply device (301) through the charging circuit (335), and supply power having the adjusted voltage value to the system (310). According to one embodiment, the power management circuit (340) can include a plurality of converters (360) and a plurality of control circuits (399) each corresponding to the plurality of converters (360).

[0054] A plurality of converters (360) may be individually connected to a load of the system (310) through a power line, respectively. The plurality of converters (360) may adjust the voltage value of power (e.g., step down (lower the voltage) or step up (increase the voltage)) based on the control of the corresponding control circuits in the plurality of control circuits (399) and supply power having the adjusted voltage value to the load. The plurality of converters (360) are illustrated as being included in the power management circuit (340), but are not limited thereto. For example, in each of the plurality of converters (360), a switch (e.g., a metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (MOSFET)) for adjusting the voltage value of power to be output to the load may be integrated into the power management circuit (340), and other circuit elements (e.g., an inductor or a capacitor) for accumulating electric energy may be arranged on the power line connecting the converter and the load.

[0055] In one embodiment, the electronic device (300) may include at least one converter (360). At least one of the plurality of converters (360) may be integrated into, for example, a single integrated circuit (e.g., a power management circuit (340)). As another example, at least one of the plurality of converters (360) and at least one of the plurality of control circuits (399) may be integrated into a single integrated circuit. As another example, at least one component (e.g., a switch) of the plurality of converters (360) may be integrated into a single integrated circuit, and other components (e.g., an inverter and / or a capacitor as a passive component) may be excluded from the integrated circuit and configured as a separate circuit. As another example, the charging circuit (335), at least one of the plurality of converters (360), and at least one of the plurality of control circuits (399) may be integrated into a single integrated circuit.

[0056] Each of the plurality of control circuits (399) can check the voltage value and / or current value of the power output to the load from a corresponding converter among the plurality of converters (360). Each of the control circuits (399) can check the voltage value and / or current value of the power being converted within a corresponding converter among the plurality of converters (360). Each of the plurality of control circuits (399) can control a corresponding converter among the plurality of converters (360) based on the checked voltage / current level.

[0057] The plurality of control circuits (399) may be circuits integrated into the power management circuit (340) as illustrated. Alternatively, the plurality of control circuits (399) may be circuits configured separately from the power management circuit (340). For example, the plurality of control circuits (399) may be a part of a processor (e.g., the processor (120) of FIG. 1).

[0058] According to one embodiment, the charging circuit (335) may be included in the power management circuit (340) of FIG. 3. According to one embodiment, the charging circuit (335) of FIG. 3 may include at least one of a plurality of converters (360). For example, the charging circuit (335) may be configured as a buck converter. The system (310) of FIG. 3 may receive power from the charging circuit (335). Although the charging circuit (335) is illustrated as a separate configuration from the power management circuit (340), the present invention is not limited thereto, and the charging circuit (335) may be implemented in the same manner as the buck converter (410) of FIG. 4.

[0059] FIG. 4 is a block diagram of a power management circuit (340) of FIG. 3 according to one embodiment. Referring to FIG. 4, the power management circuit (340) may include a buck converter (410) for supplying power to a load (430) and a control circuit (420) for controlling the buck converter (410). FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining the operation of the buck converter (410).

[0060] The buck converter (410) may be configured to lower the voltage value of the input power and output it. The buck converter (410) may include an input terminal (411) connected to a power source (440) (e.g., a battery (320) or a charging circuit (335)), an output terminal (412) connected to a load (430), a first switch (413), a second switch (414), and an inductor (415).

[0061] The first switch (413) and the second switch (414) may be configured to be connected in series from the input terminal (411) to the ground of the electronic device (300). Here, the series means that the electronic components are connected between the two terminals so that the current sequentially passes from one terminal (e.g., the input terminal (411)) through several electronic components (e.g., the first switch (413) and the second switch (414)) and is input to another terminal (e.g., the ground). The first switch (413) and the second switch (414) may be configured as a MOSFET. For example, one terminal (e.g., the first drain terminal) (D1) of the first switch (413) may be connected to a power source (440) via the input terminal (411). The other end (e.g., first source terminal) (S1) of the first switch (413) may be connected to one end (e.g., second drain terminal) (D2) of the second switch (414). The other end (e.g., second source terminal) (S2) of the second switch (414) may be connected to the ground of the electronic device (300).

[0062] One end of the inductor (415) may be configured to be connected between the first switch (413) and the second switch (414), and the other end of the inductor (415) may be connected to a load (430) through an output terminal (412).

[0063] By the control of the control circuit (420), the first switch (413) can be closed and the second switch (414) can be set to an open state (hereinafter, a first state) (see FIG. 5). For example, the first switch (413) can be set to a closed state by applying a high-level voltage (e.g., higher than the threshold voltage) designated to the third terminal (e.g., the first gate terminal) (G1) of the first switch (413). The second switch (414) can be set to an open state by applying a low-level voltage (e.g., lower than the threshold voltage) designated to the third terminal (e.g., the second gate terminal) (G2) of the second switch (414). When in the first state, electric energy (power) introduced into the buck converter (410) through the input terminal (411) can pass through the first switch (413) and be output to the load (430) through the output terminal (412).

[0064] Referring to FIG. 5, while the buck converter (410) is in the first state, electrical energy is accumulated in the inductor (415), and accordingly, the level of current (IL) flowing in the inductor (415) (in other words, passing through the inductor (415) and flowing to the load (430) through the output terminal (412)) may gradually (e.g., linearly) increase. A potential difference (VDS1) between the first terminal (D1) and the second terminal (S1) at the first switch (413) may converge to '0'. A voltage (VLX) at one point of the power line connecting the first switch (413) and the second switch (414) may converge to the input voltage (VIN).

[0065] By the control of the control circuit (420), the first switch (413) can be set to an open state and the second switch (414) can be set to a closed state (hereinafter, a second state) (see FIG. 5). For example, the first switch (413) can be set to an open state by applying a low-level voltage to the third terminal (G1) of the first switch (413). The second switch (414) can be set to a closed state by applying a high-level voltage to the third terminal (G2) of the second switch (414). When in the second state, the electric energy accumulated in the inductor (415) can be output to the load (430) through the output terminal (412).

[0066] Referring again to FIG. 5, while the buck converter (410) is in the second state, the level of the current (IL) flowing in the inductor (415) may gradually decrease as the electric energy accumulated in the inductor (415) is discharged to the load (430). The potential difference (VDS1) between the first terminal (D1) and the second terminal (S1) at the first switch (413) may converge to the input voltage (VIN). The voltage (VLX) may converge to “0” at the point connecting the first switch (413) and the second switch (414).

[0067] The buck converter (410) may further include a capacitor (416) for rectifying the voltage (VOUT) of power output from the output terminal (412) to the load (430). For rectification of the output voltage (VOUT), for example, one end of the capacitor (416) may be connected between the inductor (415) and the output terminal (412), and the other end of the capacitor (416) may be configured to be connected to the ground of the electronic device (300).

[0068] The control circuit (420) can control the buck converter (410) using a COT (constant on time) based PWM (pulse width modulation) method. The COT control may be a PWM method that maintains a switching frequency constant when the input voltage (VIN) or the output voltage (VOUT) changes. For example, the control circuit (420) can control the buck converter (410) so that the first state and the second state periodically alternate based on a specified switching frequency. For example, the control circuit (420) can output a first control signal (C1) (see FIG. 4) to the first switch (413). The control circuit (420) can output a second control signal (C2) (see FIG. 4) to the second switch (414). The second control signal (C2) may be an inverted signal of the first control signal (C1). For example, when the logic value of the first control signal (C1) is '1', the logic value of the second control signal (C2) may be '0', and when the logic value of the first control signal (C1) is '0', the logic value of the second control signal (C2) may be '1'. When the first control signal is a signal having a voltage of a high level (e.g., logic value "1"), the first switch (413) and the second switch (414) may be set to the first state. When the first control signal is a signal having a voltage of a low level (e.g., logic value "0"), the first switch (413) and the second switch (414) may be set to the second state. According to the periodic alternation, a voltage (VOUT) lower than the input voltage (VIN) of the power may be output from the output terminal (412). The control circuit (420) can control the voltage conversion ratio (i.e., the output voltage (VOUT)) by controlling the ratio (e.g., duty rate or duty cycle) of the time that the first state lasts compared to one alternating cycle that changes from the first state to the second state.

[0069] When the power consumed by the load (430) is small, the buck converter (410) can operate in discontinuous mode (DCM), and when the power consumed by the load (430) is relatively large, the buck converter (410) can operate in continuous mode (CCM). For example, in continuous mode, when the current (IL) is below a specified threshold (e.g., 2A), the state of the buck converter (410) can be changed from the second state to the first state based on the control of the control circuit (420). In discontinuous mode, the change from the second state to the first state can be made when the current (IL) is '0A'.

[0070] Referring again to FIG. 5, when the current (IL) converges to '0', a resonance phenomenon (511, 512) in which the voltages VDS1 and VLX fluctuate, as illustrated, may occur in the buck converter (410) due to parasitic capacitance in the first switch (413) that is in the open state and parasitic inductance in the inductor (415). While this resonance phenomenon occurs, when the state of the buck converter (410) changes from the second state to the first state, a power loss of, for example, "VDS1*IDS1" may occur in the first switch (413).

[0071] According to one embodiment, the control circuit (420) can change the buck converter (410) from the second state to the first state when the potential difference (VDS1) between the first terminal (D1) and the second terminal (S1) at the first switch (413) is minimal (e.g., approximately 0 V) ​​(in other words, when the resonance phenomenon disappears or the amplitude of the resonance is minimal). Accordingly, the power loss described above at the first switch (413) can be prevented or minimized.

[0072] According to one embodiment, as illustrated in FIG. 5, voltages VDS1 and VLX have a differential relationship. For example, when VLX is at a peak (e.g., about 5 V), VDS1 may be at a valley (e.g., about 0 V). The control circuit (420) may measure the current (IL) and the voltage (VLX) while in the second state. The control circuit (420) may state-translate the buck converter (410) to the first state based on the determination that the measured current (IL) is below a threshold value specified for comparison therewith (e.g., converges to '0') and that the measured voltage (VLX) is above a threshold value specified for comparison therewith (e.g., reaches a peak) (hereinafter, Condition 1). Accordingly, power loss in the buck converter (410) may be prevented or minimized.

[0073] According to one embodiment, the above-described resonance phenomenon will disappear after a certain period of time. Accordingly, the control circuit (420) can measure the current (IL) while in the second state. When a specified period of time has elapsed since the measurement result confirms that the current (IL) is below a threshold (e.g., converged to '0') (hereinafter, Condition 2), the control circuit (420) can convert the buck converter (410) from the second state to the first state. Accordingly, power loss in the buck converter (410) can be prevented or minimized.

[0074] According to one embodiment, as described above, when the power consumption (VOUT*IOUT) in the load (430) is relatively low, the buck converter (410) operates in a discontinuous mode. When operating in a discontinuous mode, power loss may occur in the first switch (413) due to the resonance phenomenon described above. The control circuit (420) may convert the buck converter (410) from the second state to the first state when the power consumption (VOUT*IOUT) is lower than or equal to a threshold value specified for comparison therewith and the above condition 1 or the above condition 2 is satisfied. Accordingly, power loss in the buck converter (410) may be prevented or minimized while the buck converter (410) operates in a discontinuous mode.

[0075] According to one embodiment, the converter (410) may be one of the plurality of converters (360) of FIG. 3. The control circuit (420) for controlling the converter (410) may be one of the plurality of control circuits (399) of FIG. 3.

[0076] According to one embodiment, the control circuit (420) may be a part of a processor (e.g., processor (120) of FIG. 1) in the system (310) of FIG. 3.

[0077] FIG. 6 is a block diagram of a control circuit (420) of FIG. 4 according to one embodiment. FIG. 7 is a block diagram of a state determination module (630) in FIG. 6. FIG. 8 is a diagram for explaining the operation of the control circuit (420). Referring to FIG. 6, the control circuit (420) may include a comparison module (610), a synthesis module (620), a state determination module (630), and a control signal output module (640).

[0078] The comparison module (610) can monitor the output voltage (VOUT). The comparison module (610) can compare the output voltage (VOUT) identified as the monitoring result with a designated reference voltage (VREF) and output the comparison result. For example, the comparison module (610) can output a voltage value (VCOMP) indicating the difference between the reference voltage (VREF) and the output voltage (VOUT). The voltage value (VCOMP) can be used by the state determination module (630) to determine whether to change from the second state to the first state and to determine whether the buck converter (410) is operating in a discontinuous mode or a continuous mode.

[0079] The synthesis module (620) can monitor the current (IL). The synthesis module (620) can calculate the voltage (VCS) using the value representing the current (IL) confirmed as the monitoring result and output the value representing the calculated voltage (VCS). For example, the synthesis module (620) can obtain the voltage (VCS) (= IL*k + Voffset) by multiplying the current value (IL) by a specified resistance value (k) and adding the offset voltage value (Voffset) to “IL*k”. Here, the voltage (VCS) can be used in the state determination module (630) to determine whether to change from the second state to the first state. The offset voltage value (Voffset) can be used in the state determination module (630) to determine in which mode the buck converter (410) is operating, the discontinuous mode or the continuous mode. The offset voltage value (Voffset) can be set according to the operating characteristics of the state determination module (630) (e.g., comparator).

[0080] The state determination module (630) can receive a voltage value (VCOMP) from the comparison module (610). The state determination module (630) can receive a value representing a voltage (VCS) from the synthesis module (620). The state determination module (630) can receive an offset voltage value (Voffset) through the synthesis module (620) to determine whether the second condition is satisfied. Alternatively, the state determination module (630) can check the offset voltage value (Voffset) from the configuration data related to the converter (410) in the memory (e.g., the memory (130) of FIG. 1). Additionally, the state determination module (630) can monitor the voltages (VLX, VOUT). The voltages (VLX, VOUT) can be used in the state determination module (630) to determine whether to change from the second state to the first state.

[0081] According to one embodiment, the state determination module (630) may include a logic circuit configured to output a value for state conversion of the buck converter (410) based on input values ​​(VCOMP, Voffset, VCS, VLX, VOUT*K). Referring to FIG. 7, the state determination module (630) may include a first comparator (710), a second comparator (720), a third comparator (730), a first AND element (740), a second AND element (750), a delay element (760), and an OR element (770).

[0082] The first comparator (710) can compare VCOMP and Voffset and output a first logic value indicating that the buck converter (410) is in continuous mode or a second logic value indicating that the buck converter (410) is in discontinuous mode as a result of the comparison. For example, when VCOMP is greater than Voffset, the first comparator (710) can output a first logic value “1”. When VCOMP is less than or equal to Voffset, the first comparator (710) can output a second logic value “0”. The first logic value or the second logic value can be input to the first AND element (740).

[0083] The second comparator (720) can compare VCS and VCOMP and, as a result of the comparison, output a third logic value that triggers a change in the state of the buck converter (410) from the second state to the first state or a fourth logic value that triggers a change from the first state to the second state. For example, when VCOMP is greater than VCS, the second comparator (720) can output a third logic value “1”. When VCOMP is less than or equal to VCS, the second comparator (720) can output a fourth logic value “0”. The third logic value or the fourth logic value can be input to the first AND element (740), the second AND element (750), and the delay element (760).

[0084] The third comparator (730) can output a fifth logic value indicating that VLX is greater than a threshold (VOUT*K) designated for comparison therewith, or a sixth logic value indicating that VLX is less than or equal to the threshold. For example, the threshold (VOUT*K) can be designated as 3.6 V (=2*1.8) when the input voltage (VIN) is 5 V and the output voltage (VOUT) is set to 2 V. When VLX is greater than the threshold (VOUT*K), the third comparator (730) can output a fifth logic value “1”. When VLX is less than or equal to the threshold (VOUT*K), the third comparator (730) can output a sixth logic value “0”. The fifth logic value or the sixth logic value can be input to the second AND element (750).

[0085] When a first logic value is output from the first comparator (710) (i.e., when the buck converter (410) is in continuous mode), a third logic value that causes a change from the second state to the first state can be output from the second comparator (720) to the control signal output module (640) through the first AND element (740) and the OR element (770). For example, referring to FIG. 8, while the buck converter (410) is operating in continuous mode, at time t0, the state transition condition “VCOMP > VCS” is satisfied, so that a high-level voltage can be applied to the third terminal (G1) of the first switch (413). Accordingly, the buck converter (410) can be changed from the second state to the first state.

[0086] When the fifth logic value is output from the third comparator (730) (i.e., when the amplitude of the resonance at the first switch (413) is predicted to be minimum), the third logic value for changing from the second state to the first state can be output from the second comparator (720) to the control signal output module (640) through the first AND element (740) and the OR element (770). For example, referring to FIG. 8, while the buck converter (410) is operating in the discontinuous mode, at time t1, the state transition conditions “VCOMP > VCS” and “VLX > threshold (e.g., 3.6 V)” are satisfied, so that a high-level voltage can be applied to the third terminal (G1) of the first switch (413). Accordingly, the buck converter (410) can be changed from the second state to the first state.

[0087] When the second logic value is output from the first comparator (710) (i.e., when the buck converter (410) is in discontinuous mode), the third logic value is not output to the control signal output module (640) through the first AND element (740) and the OR element (770). In addition, when the sixth logic value is output from the third comparator (730) (i.e., when resonance is predicted to exist in the first switch (413)), the third logic value is not output to the control signal output module (640) through the second AND element (750) and the OR element (770). The third logic value may be output to the control signal output module (640) through the OR element (770) after a specified time has elapsed through the delay element (760). For example, referring to FIG. 8, while the buck converter (410) is operating in a discontinuous mode, at time t2, the state transition condition “VCOMP > VCS” may be satisfied. After a specified time has elapsed, at time t3, a designated high-level voltage may be applied to the third terminal (G1) of the first switch (413). Accordingly, the buck converter (410) may be changed from the second state to the first state.

[0088] The control signal output module (640) can receive values ​​for state conversion and output control signals (C1, C2) based on the received values. For example, the control signal output module (640) can include an SR latch (641) and a feedback circuit (642) as logic circuits. The feedback circuit (642) can be configured to input an inversion signal for the second control signal (C2) output from the SR latch (641) to the 'R' input terminal of the SR latch (641). For example, when the second control signal (C2) has a logic value of '1', the logic value input to the R input terminal can be '0', and when the second control signal (C2) has a logic value of '0', the logic value input to the R input terminal can be '1'. The SR latch (641) can output a first control signal (C1) of a high level and a second control signal (C2) of a low level based on the third logic value input from the state determination module (630) to the S input terminal. Accordingly, the buck converter (410) can change from the second state to the first state. The SR latch (641) can output a first control signal (C1) of a low level and a second control signal (C2) of a high level based on the fourth logic value input from the state determination module (630) to the S input terminal. Accordingly, the buck converter (410) can change from the first state to the second state.

[0089] An operation for controlling the buck converter (410) may be performed in an electronic device (e.g., the electronic device (101) of FIG. 1 or the electronic device (300) of FIG. 3). According to one embodiment, a processor (e.g., the processor (120) of FIG. 1) may be configured to perform the control operation. According to one embodiment, when an instruction stored in a memory (e.g., the memory (130) of FIG. 1) is executed by the processor (e.g., the processor (120) of FIG. 1), the electronic device may be configured to perform the control operation. The control operation may be performed while the buck converter (410) operates in a discontinuous mode. The control operation may be terminated when the mode of the buck converter (410) is switched from a discontinuous mode to a continuous mode.

[0090] FIG. 9 is a flowchart illustrating an operation for controlling a buck converter (410) according to one embodiment. In operation 910, an electronic device may measure a current (IL) flowing in an inductor of a buck converter (e.g., the buck converter (410) of FIG. 4) while the buck converter is in a second state. In addition, the electronic device may measure a voltage (VLX) between a first switch (e.g., the first switch (413) of FIG. 4) and a second switch (e.g., the second switch (414) of FIG. 4) in the buck converter while the buck converter is in the second state. In operation 920, the electronic device may change the buck converter to the first state based on determining that the current (IL) is less than or equal to a first threshold value (e.g., 0 A) specified for comparison therewith and determining that the voltage (VLX) is greater than or equal to a second threshold value (e.g., 3.8 V) specified for comparison therewith. When the conditions “current (IL) ≤ first threshold” and “voltage (VLX) ≥ second threshold” are satisfied, the state of the buck converter is changed from the second state to the first state, thereby minimizing power loss in the first switch.

[0091] FIG. 10 is a flowchart illustrating an operation for controlling a buck converter (410) according to one embodiment. In operation 1010, an electronic device may measure a current (IL) flowing in an inductor of a buck converter (e.g., the buck converter (410) of FIG. 4) while the buck converter is in a second state. In operation 1020, the electronic device may change the buck converter to a first state after a specified time has elapsed after the current (IL) is confirmed to be below a threshold value (e.g., 0 A) specified for comparison. After a certain time has elapsed, the resonance phenomenon may disappear. Accordingly, power loss in the first switch may be minimized by changing the state of the buck converter from the second state to the first state after a specified time has elapsed.

[0092] FIG. 11 is a flowchart illustrating an operation for controlling a buck converter (410) according to one embodiment. In operation 1110, an electronic device may measure a potential difference (VDS1) between the two ends of a first switch (e.g., the first switch (413) of FIG. 4) of the buck converter while the buck converter (e.g., the buck converter (410) of FIG. 4) is in a second state. In operation 1120, the electronic device may change the buck converter to the first state based on confirmation that the potential difference (VDS1) is lower than or equal to a threshold value (e.g., 0 V) ​​designated for comparison. If the potential difference (VDS1) is lower than or equal to the threshold value, the resonance phenomenon may be considered to have disappeared. Therefore, power loss in the first switch may be minimized by changing the state of the buck converter from the second state to the first state based on the potential difference (VDS1) being lower than or equal to the threshold value.

[0093] FIG. 12 is a flowchart for explaining an operation of controlling a buck converter (410) according to one embodiment.

[0094] In operation 1210, the electronic device can measure the current (IL) flowing in the inductor of the buck converter (e.g., the buck converter (410) of FIG. 4) while the buck converter is in the second state. In addition, the electronic device can measure the voltage (VOUT) output from the buck converter to the load while the buck converter is in the second state.

[0095] In operation 1220, the electronic device may calculate a first voltage value (e.g., VCS) for determining whether to change the state of the buck converter (410) using a value representing the measured current (IL). In addition, the electronic device may calculate a first voltage value (e.g., VCS) and an offset voltage value (Voffset) and a second voltage value (e.g., VCOMP) for comparison based on a result of comparing a value representing the output voltage (VOUT) with a reference voltage value (VREF) designated for comparison.

[0096] At operation 1230, the electronic device can change the buck converter to the first state based on determining that the second voltage value (e.g., VCOMP) is greater than the offset voltage value (Voffset) (the buck converter is operating in continuous mode) and that the second voltage value (e.g., VCOMP) is greater than the first voltage value (e.g., VCS).

[0097] FIG. 13 is a flowchart for explaining an operation of controlling a buck converter (410) according to one embodiment.

[0098] In operation 1310, the electronic device can measure a current (IL) flowing in an inductor of the buck converter (e.g., the buck converter (410) of FIG. 4) while the buck converter is in the second state. In addition, the electronic device can measure a voltage (VOUT) output from the buck converter to a load while the buck converter is in the second state. In addition, the electronic device can measure a voltage (VLX) between a first switch (e.g., the first switch (413) of FIG. 4) and a second switch (e.g., the second switch (414) of FIG. 4) in the buck converter while the buck converter is in the second state.

[0099] In operation 1320, the electronic device may calculate a first voltage value (e.g., VCS) for determining whether to change the state of the buck converter (410) using a value representing the measured current (IL). In addition, the electronic device may calculate a second voltage value (e.g., VCOMP) for comparison with the first voltage value (e.g., VCS) based on a result of comparing a value representing the output voltage (VOUT) with a reference voltage value (VREF) designated for comparison.

[0100] At operation 1330, the electronic device may change the buck converter to a first state based on determining that the voltage (VLX) is greater than the voltage (VOUT)*K (an arbitrary constant) and the second voltage value (e.g., VCOMP) is greater than the first voltage value (e.g., VCS).

[0101] According to one embodiment, an electronic device (300) includes a control circuit; and a buck converter configured to lower a voltage input from a power source and output it. The buck converter includes an input terminal connected to the power source, an output terminal connected to a load, a first switch, a second switch, and an inductor. The first switch and the second switch are sequentially connected in series from the input terminal to a ground of the electronic device. One end of the inductor is connected between the first switch and the second switch, and the other end of the inductor is connected to the load through the output terminal. The control circuit can measure a current (IL) flowing from the inductor toward the load, an output voltage at the output terminal, and a voltage (VLX) between the first switch and the second switch while the first switch is open and the second switch is closed. The control circuit can calculate a first voltage value (VCS) using a value representing a current flowing from the inverter toward the load. The control circuit can calculate a second voltage value (VCOMP) based on a comparison result between the output voltage and a specified reference voltage value. The control circuit can close the first switch and open the second switch based on the voltage between the first switch and the second switch being greater than “the output voltage*K (specified constant)” and the second voltage value being greater than the first voltage value (VLX > VOUT*K, VCOMP > VCS).

[0102] The control circuit can change the buck converter from the second state to the first state based on the second voltage value being greater than a specified offset voltage value and the first voltage value (VCOMP > Voffset, VCOMP > VC).

[0103] The above control circuit can obtain the first voltage value by multiplying a value representing a current flowing to the load by a specified resistance value k and adding the offset voltage value.

[0104] The control circuit can change the buck converter from the second state to the first state based on a specified time elapsed after the second voltage value is determined to be greater than the first voltage value.

[0105] In the above buck converter, the input terminal can be connected to the battery and charging circuit of the electronic device.

[0106] The first switch and the second switch may be configured as MOSFETs. The control circuit may set the buck converter to a first state by applying a high-level voltage to a gate terminal of the first switch and a low-level voltage to a gate terminal of the second switch, and may set the buck converter to a second state by applying a low-level voltage to a gate terminal of the first switch and a high-level voltage to a gate terminal of the second switch.

[0107] The first state may be a state in which the first switch is closed and the second switch is open, and the second state may be a state in which the first switch is open and the second switch is closed.

[0108] According to one embodiment, an electronic device includes a control circuit; and a buck converter configured to lower a voltage input from a power source and output it. The buck converter includes an input terminal connected to the power source, an output terminal connected to a load, a first switch, a second switch, and an inductor. The first switch and the second switch are sequentially connected in series from the input terminal to a ground of the electronic device. One end of the inductor is connected between the first switch and the second switch, and the other end of the inductor is connected to the load through the output terminal. The control circuit can measure a current (IL) flowing from the inductor toward the load and a voltage (VLX) between the first switch and the second switch while the first switch is open and the second switch is closed. The control circuit can close the first switch and open the second switch based on whether the current flowing toward the load is less than or equal to a first threshold and whether the voltage between the first switch and the second switch is greater than or equal to a second threshold.

[0109] The control circuit can change the buck converter from the second state to the first state based on a specified time elapsed after it is confirmed that the current flowing toward the load is less than or equal to the first threshold.

[0110] According to one embodiment, a method of operating an electronic device is provided. The electronic device includes a buck converter configured to lower a voltage input from a power source and output it. The buck converter includes an input terminal connected to the power source, an output terminal connected to a load, a first switch, a second switch, and an inductor. The first switch and the second switch are sequentially connected in series from the input terminal to a ground of the electronic device. One end of the inductor is connected between the first switch and the second switch, and the other end of the inductor is connected to the load through the output terminal. The method may include: measuring a current flowing from the inductor toward the load and a voltage between the first switch and the second switch while the first switch is open and the second switch is closed; and closing the first switch and opening the second switch based on whether the current flowing toward the load is less than or equal to a first threshold and the voltage between the first switch and the second switch is greater than or equal to a second threshold.

[0111] The method may further include an operation of changing the buck converter from the second state to the first state based on a specified time elapsed after it is confirmed that the current flowing to the load is less than or equal to the first threshold.

[0112] According to one embodiment, a method of operating an electronic device is provided. The electronic device includes a buck converter configured to lower a voltage input from a power source and output it. The buck converter includes an input terminal connected to the power source, an output terminal connected to a load, a first switch, a second switch, and an inductor. The first switch and the second switch are sequentially connected in series from the input terminal to a ground of the electronic device. One end of the inductor is connected between the first switch and the second switch, and the other end of the inductor is connected to the load through the output terminal. The method includes: measuring a current flowing from the inductor toward the load, an output voltage at the output terminal, and a voltage between the first switch and the second switch while the first switch is open and the second switch is closed; calculating a first voltage value using a value representing the current flowing toward the load; calculating a second voltage value based on a result of comparing the output voltage with a specified reference voltage value; And it may include an operation of closing the first switch and opening the second switch based on the voltage between the first switch and the second switch being greater than “the output voltage * K (specified constant)” and the second voltage value being greater than the first voltage value.

[0113] The method may further include an operation of changing the buck converter from the second state to the first state based on the second voltage value being greater than the specified offset voltage value and the first voltage value.

[0114] The method may further include an operation of changing the buck converter from the second state to the first state based on a specified time elapsed after the second voltage value is determined to be greater than the first voltage value.

[0115] According to one embodiment, an electronic device includes a buck converter configured to lower a voltage input from a power source and output it; a memory storing instructions; and at least one processor. The buck converter includes an input terminal connected to the power source, an output terminal connected to a load, a first switch, a second switch, and an inductor. The first switch and the second switch are sequentially connected in series from the input terminal to a ground of the electronic device. One end of the inductor is connected between the first switch and the second switch, and the other end of the inductor is connected to the load via the output terminal. The instructions, when individually or collectively executed by the at least one processor, may cause the electronic device to measure a current flowing from the inductor toward the load, an output voltage at the output terminal, and a voltage between the first switch and the second switch while the first switch is open and the second switch is closed, calculate a first voltage value using the value representing the current flowing toward the load, calculate a second voltage value based on a comparison result of the output voltage and a designated reference voltage value, and close the first switch and open the second switch based on the voltage between the first switch and the second switch being greater than “the output voltage * K (a designated constant)” and the second voltage value being greater than the first voltage value.

[0116] The instructions, when individually or collectively executed by the at least one processor, may cause the electronic device to change the buck converter from the second state to the first state based on the second voltage value being greater than the specified offset voltage value and the first voltage value.

[0117] The above instructions, when individually or collectively executed by the at least one processor, may cause the electronic device to obtain the first voltage value by multiplying a value representing a current flowing to the load by a specified resistance value k and adding the offset voltage value.

[0118] The above instructions, when individually or collectively executed by the at least one processor, may cause the electronic device to change the buck converter from the second state to the first state based on a specified period of time having elapsed since the second voltage value was determined to be greater than the first voltage value.

[0119] In the above explanation, the prefixes “first,” “second,” and “third” are only used to distinguish components of the same name, and do not have any special meaning in themselves, such as importance or order.

[0120] Electronic devices according to the various embodiments disclosed in this document may take various forms. Electronic devices may include, for example, portable communication devices (e.g., smartphones), computer devices, portable multimedia devices, portable medical devices, cameras, wearable devices, or home appliances. Electronic devices according to the embodiments of this document are not limited to the aforementioned devices.

[0121] The various embodiments of this document and the terminology used therein are not intended to limit the technical features described in this document to specific embodiments, but should be understood to include various modifications, equivalents, or substitutes of the embodiments. In connection with the description of the drawings, similar reference numerals may be used for similar or related components. The singular form of a noun corresponding to an item may include one or more of the items, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. In this document, each of the phrases "A or B", "at least one of A and B", "at least one of A or B", "A, B, or C", "at least one of A, B, and C", and "at least one of A, B, or C" can include any one of the items listed together in the corresponding phrase among those phrases, or all possible combinations thereof. Terms such as "first," "second," or "first" or "second" may be used merely to distinguish one component from another, and do not limit the components in any other respect (e.g., importance or order). When a component (e.g., a first component) is referred to as "coupled" or "connected" to another component (e.g., a second component), with or without the terms "functionally" or "communicatively," it means that the component can be connected to the other component directly (e.g., wired), wirelessly, or through a third component.

[0122] The term "module" used in various embodiments of this document may include a unit implemented in hardware, software, or firmware, and may be used interchangeably with terms such as logic, logic block, component, or circuit. A module may be an integral component, or a minimum unit or part of such a component that performs one or more functions. In one embodiment, a module may be implemented in the form of an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC).

[0123] Various embodiments of the present document may be implemented as software (e.g., a program (140)) including one or more instructions stored in a storage medium (e.g., an internal memory (136) or an external memory (138)) readable by a machine (e.g., an electronic device (101)). For example, a processor (e.g., a processor (120)) of the machine (e.g., an electronic device (101)) may call at least one instruction among the one or more instructions stored from the storage medium and execute it. This enables the machine to operate to perform at least one function according to the at least one called instruction. The one or more instructions may include code generated by a compiler or code executable by an interpreter. The machine-readable storage medium may be provided in the form of a non-transitory storage medium. Here, 'non-transitory' simply means that the storage medium is a tangible device and does not contain signals (e.g., electromagnetic waves), and the term does not distinguish between cases where data is stored semi-permanently or temporarily on the storage medium.

[0124] According to one embodiment, the method according to various embodiments disclosed in this document may be provided as a computer program product. The computer program product may be traded between sellers and buyers as a product. The computer program product may be distributed in the form of a device-readable storage medium (e.g., compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM)) or may be provided through an application store (e.g., Play Store). TM ) or directly between two user devices (e.g., smart phones), online distribution (e.g., downloading or uploading). In the case of online distribution, at least a portion of the computer program product may be at least temporarily stored or temporarily created in a machine-readable storage medium, such as the memory of a manufacturer's server, an application store's server, or an intermediary server.

[0125] According to various embodiments, each component (e.g., a module or a program) of the above-described components may include one or more entities, and some of the entities may be separated and placed in other components. According to various embodiments, one or more components or operations of the aforementioned components may be omitted, or one or more other components or operations may be added. Alternatively or additionally, a plurality of components (e.g., a module or a program) may be integrated into a single component. In such a case, the integrated component may perform one or more functions of each of the plurality of components identically or similarly to those performed by the corresponding component among the plurality of components prior to the integration. According to various embodiments, the operations performed by a module, program, or other component may be executed sequentially, in parallel, iteratively, or heuristically, or one or more of the operations may be executed in a different order, omitted, or one or more other operations may be added.

Claims

In electronic devices, control circuit; and Includes a buck converter configured to lower the voltage input from the power source and output it, The above buck converter includes an input terminal connected to the power source, an output terminal connected to a load, a first switch, a second switch, and an inductor, The first switch and the second switch are sequentially connected in series from the input terminal to the ground of the electronic device, One end of the inductor is connected between the first switch and the second switch, and the other end of the inductor is connected to the load through the output terminal, The above control circuit, While the first switch is open and the second switch is closed, the current flowing from the inductor toward the load, the output voltage at the output terminal, and the voltage between the first switch and the second switch are measured, Calculate the first voltage value using the value representing the current flowing from the inverter to the load, Calculate a second voltage value based on the comparison result between the above output voltage and the specified reference voltage value, An electronic device configured to close the first switch and open the second switch based on the voltage between the first switch and the second switch being greater than “the output voltage * K (specified constant)” and the second voltage value being greater than the first voltage value. In the first paragraph, the control circuit, The buck converter is configured to change from the second state to the first state based on the second voltage value being greater than the specified offset voltage value and the first voltage value, The first state is a state in which the first switch is closed and the second switch is open, The second state is an electronic device in which the first switch is open and the second switch is closed. In the second paragraph, the control circuit, An electronic device configured to obtain the first voltage value by multiplying a value representing a current flowing toward the load by a specified resistance value k and adding the offset voltage value. In the first paragraph, the control circuit, The buck converter is configured to change from the second state to the first state based on a specified time elapsed after the second voltage value is confirmed to be greater than the first voltage value, The first state is a state in which the first switch is closed and the second switch is open, The second state is an electronic device in which the first switch is open and the second switch is closed. An electronic device in accordance with claim 1, wherein the input terminal of the buck converter is configured to be connected to a battery and a charging circuit of the electronic device. In the first paragraph, the first switch and the second switch are composed of MOSFETs, and the control circuit is By applying a high-level voltage to the gate terminal of the first switch and a low-level voltage to the gate terminal of the second switch, the buck converter is set to the first state, It is configured to set the buck converter to a second state by applying a low-level voltage to the gate terminal of the first switch and a high-level voltage to the gate terminal of the second switch, The first state is a state in which the first switch is closed and the second switch is open, The second state is an electronic device in which the first switch is open and the second switch is closed. In electronic devices, control circuit; and Includes a buck converter configured to lower the voltage input from the power source and output it, The above buck converter includes an input terminal connected to the power source, an output terminal connected to a load, a first switch, a second switch, and an inductor, The first switch and the second switch are sequentially connected in series from the input terminal to the ground of the electronic device, One end of the inductor is connected between the first switch and the second switch, and the other end of the inductor is connected to the load through the output terminal, The above control circuit, While the first switch is open and the second switch is closed, the current flowing from the inductor toward the load and the voltage between the first switch and the second switch are measured, An electronic device configured to close the first switch and open the second switch based on a current flowing toward the load being less than or equal to a first threshold and a voltage between the first switch and the second switch being greater than or equal to a second threshold. In the seventh paragraph, the control circuit, The buck converter is configured to change from the second state to the first state based on the elapsed time after the current flowing toward the load is confirmed to be less than the first threshold value, The first state is a state in which the first switch is closed and the second switch is open, The second state is an electronic device in which the first switch is open and the second switch is closed. An electronic device in accordance with claim 7, wherein the input terminal of the buck converter is configured to be connected to a battery and a charging circuit of the electronic device. In the seventh paragraph, the first switch and the second switch are composed of MOSFETs, and the control circuit is By applying a high-level voltage to the gate terminal of the first switch and a low-level voltage to the gate terminal of the second switch, the buck converter is set to the first state, It is configured to set the buck converter to a second state by applying a low-level voltage to the gate terminal of the first switch and a high-level voltage to the gate terminal of the second switch, The first state is a state in which the first switch is closed and the second switch is open, The second state is an electronic device in which the first switch is open and the second switch is closed. In a method of operating an electronic device, The electronic device includes a buck converter configured to lower the voltage input from the power source and output it, The above buck converter includes an input terminal connected to the power source, an output terminal connected to a load, a first switch, a second switch, and an inductor, The first switch and the second switch are sequentially connected in series from the input terminal to the ground of the electronic device, One end of the inductor is connected between the first switch and the second switch, and the other end of the inductor is connected to the load through the output terminal, An operation of measuring a current flowing from the inductor toward the load and a voltage between the first switch and the second switch while the first switch is open and the second switch is closed; and A method comprising an operation of closing the first switch and opening the second switch based on a current flowing toward the load being less than or equal to a first threshold and a voltage between the first switch and the second switch being greater than or equal to a second threshold. In Article 11, Further comprising an operation of changing the buck converter from the second state to the first state based on a specified time elapsed after it is confirmed that the current flowing to the load is less than or equal to the first threshold value, The first state is a state in which the first switch is closed and the second switch is open, The second state is a method in which the first switch is open and the second switch is closed. In a method of operating an electronic device, The electronic device includes a buck converter configured to lower the voltage input from the power source and output it, The above buck converter includes an input terminal connected to the power source, an output terminal connected to a load, a first switch, a second switch, and an inductor, The first switch and the second switch are sequentially connected in series from the input terminal to the ground of the electronic device, One end of the inductor is connected between the first switch and the second switch, and the other end of the inductor is connected to the load through the output terminal, An operation of measuring a current flowing from the inductor toward the load, an output voltage at the output terminal, and a voltage between the first switch and the second switch while the first switch is open and the second switch is closed; An operation of calculating a first voltage value using a value representing a current flowing toward the load; An operation of calculating a second voltage value based on a comparison result between the above output voltage and a specified reference voltage value; and A method comprising an operation of closing the first switch and opening the second switch based on the voltage between the first switch and the second switch being greater than “the output voltage * K (a specified constant)” and the second voltage value being greater than the first voltage value. In the 13th paragraph, Further comprising an operation of changing the buck converter from the second state to the first state based on the second voltage value being greater than the specified offset voltage value and the first voltage value; The first state is a state in which the first switch is closed and the second switch is open, The second state is a method in which the first switch is open and the second switch is closed. In the 13th paragraph, Further comprising an operation of changing the buck converter from the second state to the first state based on a specified time elapsed after the second voltage value is confirmed to be greater than the first voltage value; The first state is a state in which the first switch is closed and the second switch is open, The second state is a method in which the first switch is open and the second switch is closed.

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