A mooring line connector for co-operation with a unit connector, system and method for connecting and disconnecting a mooring line system

Abstract

A unit connector comprising a body with a first end having hinge means for rotational movement and a second end with a guide structure and adjoining locking structure. The body includes sheave attachment means between the first and second ends. The sheave attachment means comprises at least two cradle structures, each with an opening towards the first end and a seating portion towards the second end adapted to support corresponding sheave attachment means or provide two different attachment positions. The guide structure includes two parallel inclining tracks with a lowermost end at the second end of the body and an uppermost end by the locking structure, defining a rising path. The locking structure comprises a cradle structure at least partly open upwards and providing a seat towards the second end. The connector may include a sheave with attachment means adapted to be attachable and removable from the sheave attachment cradle and movable between at least two positions corresponding to the cradle structures.

Description

Title: A mooring line connector for co-operation with a unit connector, system and method for connecting and disconnecting a mooring line system. Technical field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to connectors for mooring systems, and more particularly to a unit connector, mooring line connector, connecting system, and methods for connecting and disconnecting a mooring line to a unit. Background

[0002] Mooring lines are typically connected to a structure on the seabed (anchor) at one end and to a floating vessel at the other end. Especially towards the floating vessel the connection preferably needs to provide a dual axis hinge (typically two axes rotated 90 degrees relative each other) to avoid excessive loading and wear of the mooring components from the relative motion between the floating vessel and the mooring line. Some mooring line designs may also require a dual axis connection towards the seabed due to similar relative motions, such as mooring lines for deep water applications, where the complete mooring line is lifted off the seabed in all conditions. It is also beneficial that the mooring line connection can be done diverless and be able to provide an easy way to disconnect and reconnect a mooring line during the lifetime, e.g. in case a mooring line needs to be repaired or replaced due to damages, or the floating vessel needs to be towed to port for repair or maintenance. The connection should also be general in its design, such that it can interface with any type of mooring components, such as chain, steel wire ropes and synthetic fiber ropes.

[0003] Document US8915205 discloses a typical fairlead chain stopper. A chain segment of mooring line is running through the connector and via a fixed sheave and up to a winch at deck of the floating unit. The connector is assembled as one single device complete with all rotational means and locking arrangements for the chain and is fully connected to the floating unit before mooring line hook-up. Main drawback with this connector is high weight, high cost and typically requires pre-rigging of the pull rope through an enclosed opening, which are also equipped with locking means for the chain.

[0004] US10005522 discloses a typical pull-through connector, where the pull-line is connected to a connector part fixed to the end of mooring line andrunning through a pipe like connector part positioned on the floating structure. One of the rotational axes is integrated in the connector part fixed to the floating unit and the other rotational axis is integrated in the mooring line part of the connector. When the mooring line part has fully entered the connector part on the floating structure a pin locking the two parts together is typically installed by an ROV (Remotely Operated Vehicle). Main drawback with this connector is the limitation in mooring line entrance angle, i.e. the mooring line entrance angle during mooring line hook-up can only be in the angular plane associated with the rotational axis for the connector part on the floating unit. In addition, the pull rope needs to be threaded through an enclosed opening in the connector part on the floating unit, which is an operation that takes time.

[0005] US11220314 discloses a connector where the rotational means (dual axis) are integrated fully in the mooring line part of the connector, implying that the part permanently attached to the floating structure 1 is a fixed structure without any moving parts. The outermost part of the mooring line part will in a connected mode rest in a cradle in the part permanently attached to the floating structure. This connector has the same drawback as the connector in US10005522 with respect to mooring line entrance angle.

[0006] Additional solutions are known from US5845893, US7240633, US9567039, WO2016118006 A1, US11220314 B2, GB2547216 A, US2017225749 A1 and US11198488.

[0007] Renewable energy has a growing interest in the industry. For offshore energy harvesting main focus today is on wind energy, where wind turbines are placed on either bottom-fixed structures or on moored floating units. To obtain enough capacity of produced energy several of these structures / units are installed in the same area forming wind farms. Cost for these offshore farms, and especially farms comprising moored floating units, is in general higher than onshore farms. To secure that offshore wind farms comprising moored floating units are competitive the technology must be optimized. This involves cost reduction in all areas, including cost for goods, cost for transport and cost for offshore installation.

[0008] Each moored floating unit has generally M mooring lines, where M typically range between 3 and 6. In a wind farm comprising N floating units there will be N·M mooring lines, and all these mooring lines need to be connected to the floating unit with a mooring connector, andvery often with high hook-up loads. Cost optimization of these connectors, their hook-up load capacity and their time efficiency during the offshore mooring line hook-up operation are thus of high importance. These connectors may also be placed at the anchor end of the mooring line, and can be used on any type of floating units and not only floating units for the wind energy market, but also for floating units for oil & gas, nuclear, solar, aquaculture, etc..

[0009] Traditional mooring line connectors often utilize complex mechanisms for attaching and detaching mooring lines. These mechanisms can be difficult to operate, especially in challenging offshore environments with high waves, strong currents, and limited visibility. The complexity of these connectors can lead to increased maintenance requirements and potential points of failure.

[0010] Another challenge with existing mooring line connectors is the lack of flexibility in adjusting the connection point or angle of the mooring line relative to the floating structure. This limitation can result in suboptimal load distribution and increased wear on both the mooring lines and the connection points.

[0011] Furthermore, conventional connectors may require specialized equipment or personnel for installation and removal operations. This requirement can increase operational costs and potentially delay critical activities, particularly in remote offshore locations where resources are limited.

[0012] The durability and reliability of mooring line connectors in harsh marine environments is also a significant concern. Corrosion, fatigue, and impact damage can compromise the integrity of the connection, potentially leading to costly downtime or safety risks.

[0013] It has been appreciated that a unit connector with adjustable sheave attachment is needed that overcomes one or more of these problems. Summary

[0014] This Summary is provided to introduce a selection of concepts in a simplified form that are further described below in the Detailed Description.

[0015] In a first aspect, a unit connector is provided. The unit connector includes a body comprising a first end comprising hinge means providing rotational movement of the body, and a second end comprising a guide structure and locking structure adjoining the guide structure, wherein the body further comprises sheave attachment means with at least two attachment positions between the first and second end.

[0016] This configuration allows for versatile and secure attachment of mooring lines to a unit, such as a floating or earth-fixed structure, while providing rotational freedom and adjustable positioning of the sheave.

[0017] The sheave attachment means may comprise at least two cradle structures each with an opening in a direction towards the first end and a seating portion towards the second end adapted to support corresponding sheave attachment means, or at least two different attachment positions.

[0018] This arrangement enables multiple sheave positions, allowing for adaptability to different mooring configurations and load conditions.

[0019] The second cradle structure may be situated at least partly above the first cradle structure.

[0020] This vertical arrangement of cradle structures provides compact design while maintaining multiple sheave positioning options.

[0021] The guide structure may comprise two parallel inclining tracks having a lowermost end at the second end of the body, and an uppermost end by the locking structure, defining a rising path from the second end to the locking structure.

[0022] This inclined guide structure facilitates smooth and controlled engagement of the mooring line connector with the unit connector.

[0023] The guide structure may further comprise a flared guide structure on respective outsides, and along the length, of the two parallel tracks, widening outwards from the body.

[0024] The flared guide structure enhances the ease of initialalignment and insertion of the mooring line connector into the unit connector.

[0025] The locking structure may comprise a cradle structure at least partly open upwards and at least providing a seat in the direction towards the second end, or may comprise protruding members.

[0026] This locking structure design ensures secure engagement between the unit connector and the mooring line connector while allowing for easy connection and disconnection.

[0027] In a second aspect, a mooring line connector for co-operation with the unit connector is provided. The mooring line connector comprises a line connector body comprising a first end comprising a first connection means for locking a pull rope, and a second end comprising a second connection means for locking a mooring line.

[0028] This mooring line connector design complements the unit connector, enabling efficient and secure connection of mooring lines to the unit.

[0029] The mooring line connector may further comprise a counter locking structure interrelated with the locking structure and the guide structure of the unit connector, such that the guide structure guides the counter locking structure to the locking structure, and wherein the counter locking structure or parts of the mooring line connector are slidably guided along the guide structure to the locking structure.

[0030] This interrelated locking mechanism ensures proper alignment and secure engagement between the unit connector and mooring line connector.

[0031] In a third aspect, a connecting system for connecting a mooring line to a unit is provided. The system comprises the unit connector as defined in the first aspect, the mooring line connector as defined in the second aspect, a mooring line, and a pull system arrangement, wherein the connector and mooring line connector are to be locked to each other by corresponding locking structure and counter locking structure.

[0032] This integrated connecting system provides a comprehensive solution for secure and efficient mooring line attachment to units such as floating or earth-fixed structures.

[0033] The system may be attached to a unit, wherein the unit is a floating unit or an earth-fixed unit.

[0034] This versatility allows the connecting system to be applied to various offshore and onshore structures requiring secure mooring arrangements.

[0035] In a fourth aspect, a method of connecting a mooring line system is provided. The method comprises providing the sheave in position of the connector, and / or providing the sheave with a diameter D1, providing a pull rope routed via the sheave and in one end attached to the mooring line connector, pulling on the mooring line connector, via the pull rope, to introduce the mooring line connector into the second end of the connector, and seating the counter locking structure of the mooring line connector into the locking structure.

[0036] This method provides a systematic approach to connecting the mooring line system, ensuring proper alignment and secure engagement of components.

[0037] The pulling step may be performed by a vessel.

[0038] Utilizing a vessel for the pulling operation allows for efficient deployment of the mooring system in offshore environments.

[0039] In a fifth aspect, a method of disconnecting a mooring line system is provided. The method comprises providing the sheave in position of the connector, and / or providing the sheave with a diameter D2, providing a pull rope routed via the sheave and in one end attached to the mooring line connector, and pulling on the mooring line connector, via the pull rope or the auxiliary attachment point, to remove the mooring line connector from the second end by disengaging the counter locking structure of the mooring line connector from the locking structure.

[0040] This disconnection method allows for safe and efficientremoval of the mooring line, facilitating maintenance or relocation of the moored unit.

[0041] The pulling step may be performed by a vessel.

[0042] Using a vessel for the disconnection process ensures controlled and safe removal of the mooring line in offshore applications.

[0043] Effects and features of the second aspect are to a large extent analogous to those described above in connection with the first aspect. Embodiments mentioned in relation to the first aspect are largely compatible with the second aspect.

[0044] Similarly, the effects and features of the third aspect correspond closely to those discussed in connection with the first and second aspects. Embodiments described in relation to the first and second aspects are generally applicable to the third aspect.

[0045] The effects and features of the fourth aspect also parallel those of the first, second, and third aspects. The embodiments mentioned in connection with the first, second, and third aspects can be readily adapted to the fourth aspect.

[0046] Finally, the effects and features of the fifth aspect align substantially with those outlined for the first through fourth aspects. The embodiments described in relation to the first, second, third, and fourth aspects are largely compatible with the fifth aspect. Brief description of the figures

[0047] Below, various embodiments of the invention will be described with reference to the figures, in which Fig. 1 shows a typical general arrangement of a moored unit / floater with its mooring lines, perspective view Fig. 2 shows a typical general arrangement of a moored unit / floater with its mooring lines, seen from the side Fig. 3 shows a typical composition of a mooring leg Fig. 4 shows an exploded view of an embodiment with main componentsFig. 5 shows body of unit connector Fig. 6 shows mooring line connector of invention Fig. 7 shows an alternative arrangement of the mooring line connector of the invention Fig. 8 shows the center of gravity of the mooring line connector Fig. 9a shows invention with open cradle structure Fig. 9b shows invention with closed cradle structure Fig. 10a shows the invention from the side during mooring line hook-up, at the time instant just before mooring line connects to the main part of the device Fig. 10b shows the same as Fig.10a but viewed from above Fig. 10c illustrates the load paths associated with Fig.10a Fig. 10d shows the same as Fig.10a but different view Fig. 11a shows pull-in (hook-up) operation at time instant when mooring line part of invention gets in first contact with main body of invention Fig. 11b illustrates the load paths associated with Fig.11a Fig. 12 shows pull-in (hook-up) operation at time instant when cradle pin of mooring line connector of invention gets fully engaged with cradle structure of main body of invention Fig. 13a shows disconnect operation at time instant when cradle pin of mooring line connector is just free from cradle structure of main body of invention Fig. 13b illustrates the load paths associated with Fig.13a Fig. 14 shows disconnect operation at time instant when mooring line connector is fully free from main body of invention Fig. 15a shows the invention when the mooring line connector of the invention is fully engaged with the main body of invention and the pull rope and pull rope sheave are removed. Fig. 15b shows the same as Fig.15a but viewed from the side Fig. 16 illustrates a vertically hanging mooring line and method to disconnect it from the connector Fig. 17 shows stopper arrangement and area for secondary locking Fig. 18 shows main body longitudinal axis and guide structure inclination Detailed description of preferred embodiments

[0048] Preferred embodiments of the invention are described below withreference to the attached figures. Terms such as “up”, “down”, “lower”, “higher”, “right”, “left” are used in relation to any part of the herein disclose invention as illustrated in Fig.4. “Front” and “back” and similar analogies are used in relation to the feature 1 in fig 4 being backmost. It is also to be understood that the terminology used herein is for purpose of describing particular embodiments only, and is not intended to be limiting. It should be noted that, as used in the specification and the appended claim, the articles "a", "an", "the", and "said" are intended to mean that there are one or more of the elements unless the context explicitly dictates otherwise. Thus, for example, reference to "a unit" or "the unit" may include several devices, and the like. Furthermore, the words "comprising", "including", "containing" and similar wordings does not exclude other elements or steps.

[0049] Figs. 1-2 illustrates an overall view of a typical mooring system arrangement previously known for floating wind turbines. In this embodiment the floating unit 1 at the sea surface 4 is moored to the seabed 5 with mooring lines 3 connected to the floating unit 1 at the upper end and to an anchor 2 at the lower end.

[0050] Fig. 3 illustrates a typical arrangement of a mooring leg. The mooring leg comprises an anchor 2 and a mooring line 3. The mooring line 3 is connected to an anchor connection 7 at one end and connected to a floater connection 8 at the opposite end. The mooring line can be assembled in a variety of combinations, comprising e.g. chain, steel wire rope, synthetic ropes, buoys, clump weights, shackles, H-links, Y-links, mooring connectors, mooring tensioners, etc.. In the illustration, the mooring line comprises a buoy 9 between a lower part 10 of the mooring line 3 and an upper part 11 of the mooring line 3. The invention as disclosed herein may typically be used as connections illustrated as 7 or 8.

[0051] A purpose of the present invention is to hold the floating unit, such as a wind turbine 1, within a certain excursion boundary when subject to environmental loads such as wind, wave and current. The excursion boundary is on the other hand determined by the excursion capacity of the power cables 6. In another embodiment the cables can be fluid lines or control lines, and the floating unit can be any type of unit moored to the seabed within mooring lines 3. Other types of floating units can be semi-submersible platforms, SPAR platforms, ship-shaped units or barges for oil & gas or energy industry, such as floating production and storage units, floating storage units, floating liquefied natural gas production vessel, floating storage and re-gasification units, floatingnuclear power plants, floating gas power stations, floating solar stations, etc..

[0052] Figs. 4-6 show the main components of an embodiment of the invention. The system 46 comprises five main parts, i.e. the unit connector with body 16, mooring line connector 17 , hinge means 33, pulling system arrangement 12 and the attachment structure 32 on the floating unit or moored structure 1 for attaching the hinge means 33 to the moored structure 1, 2. In an embodiment the moored structure is a floating unit 1, and in another embodiment the structure can be any type of structure, such as an anchor structure for the mooring leg.

[0053] The hinge means 33 typically comprises a connecting link body 18 with a first end connected to an attachment structure 32 on the moored unit 1 via a first pin 19. The first pin 19 is horizontally oriented in the figures, i.e. the functionality is to allow the body 16 of the unit connector to have a rotational degree of freedom in the vertical plane. The second end of the connecting link body 18 is connected to the body 16 of the connector via a second pin 20. The second pin is oriented orthogonal to the first pin 19. The second pin allows the main body 16 to rotate around an axis orthogonal to the axis of the first pin 19. In another embodiment the orientation of the first pin 19 and second pin 20 are switched. In yet another embodiment the second pin 20 is omitted to give only a single axis hinged connector. For this latter embodiment the connecting link 18 will be an integrated part of the body 16.

[0054] The body 16 of the main connector comprises two side plates 34, which are joined together with a structural member such as the bottom plate 35 (see Fig.10a-10c) , and a structure at the first end 27 of the body 16, which is further attached to the hinge means 33. The bottom plate 35 has two main functions, i.e. as a guide for the pull rope 14 and as structural stiffening of the side plates 34. The second end 28 of the body 16 comprises a locking structure 24. In the highlight in Fig.11b, the locking structure 24 is a cradle structure 24 for final hang-off of the mooring line connector 17 to the main body 16, a guide structure 25 for guiding the mooring line connector 17 system into a cradle structure 24 behind the guide structure 25, and a flared guide structure 29 for guiding the pull rope 14. The flared guide structure 29 can be situated on respective outsides of the guide structure 25 or side plates 34, and along the length of the two parallel tracks 25, widening outwards from the body 16. In another embodiment the flared guide structure 29 and bottom plate 35 may be omitted. The body 16 comprising a sheave attachment cradles 26 is for attaching the pull sheave 13, with an axis of rotation 47 at the center of thesheave 13, to the main body 16 of the connector, and comprises at least two positions, corresponding to two attachment areas 26a,26b of the body 16 or of the sheave 13, for the placement of the pull sheave 13. In an embodiment the pull sheave 13 is a temporary pull sheave 13 which is releasable and attachable to the sheave attachment cradles, which is only attached to the body 16 during the pull operation on the mooring line 3. The first position 26a is used for mooring line hook-up and related method of same while the second position 26b is used for mooring line disconnection and related method of same.

[0055] The mooring line connector 17 of the connector contains a line connector body 23, with a first end with first connection means 30 for locking the pull rope connection means 15 to the line connector body 23, and a second end attached to the mooring line 3 via locking means 21. The mooring line connector 17 can be further equipped with the counter locking structure 22, which is the part adapted to be locked or supported, in the cradle structure 24 of the body 16 and slides along the guide structure 25 before it drops into the cradle structure 24. Counter locking structure 22 is also denoted as an interrelated counterpart to the cradle structure 24. The longitudinal axis 48 of the counter locking structure 22 is orthogonal to the longitudinal axis of the mooring line 3, orthogonal the longitudinal axis of the mooring line connector 17 and orthogonal to the longitudinal axis of the body 16. In a typical embodiment an auxiliary attachment point 31 may be added to have a second possibility (in addition to the pull rope 14 attached to the first connection means 30) for lifting the mooring line connector 17, for instance with or without the mooring line 3 attached to mooring line connector 17. The term "interrelated" typically refers to the functional and structural relationship between the two components, where each part is designed to complement or correspond to the other in such a way that they can engage or interact effectively to perform their intended purpose. When two parts are described as "interrelated," it implies that that at least: The two parts are designed to fit together or engage with each other, with one part accommodating or receiving the other. This can include matching shapes, dimensions, or configurations that allow for a secure connection. And / or, the two parts work together to achieve a specific function, such as establishing a connection or mechanical linkage. The functionality of one part is dependent on its interaction with the other. And / or the proper operation of either of the two parts is dependent on the corresponding part. The effectiveness or utility of one part is realized only when it is connected with or engaged by the other.

[0056] In one embodiment the guide structure 25 can be equipped with alow friction surface or another surface suitable for the sliding contact with the counter locking structure 22. In another embodiment the counter locking structure 22 can be equipped with a low friction surface for the part in contact with the guide structure 25 or contain a surface suitable for the sliding contact with the guide structure 25. In yet another embodiment counter locking structure 22 can be a rotating device in the line connector body 23, such that the counter locking structure 22 rolls on the guide structure 25 instead of sliding. A combination thereof can also be applied.

[0057] Fig.7 shows another embodiment of the mooring line connector 17 of the system. In this embodiment the counter locking structure 22, which is resting in the cradle structure 24 after final connection, and second connection means 21 for locking the mooring line 3 to the line connector body 23 are joined into a single device.

[0058] For alignment of the mooring line connector 17 around the longitudinal axis of the mooring line 3, before the mooring line connector 17 gets in contact with the guide structure 25 of the main body 16, one solution is to apply a shape and mass of the mooring line connector 17 such that the center of gravity 39 of the mooring line connector 17 is below the imaginary line 38, which passes through the center of the second connection means 21 and the center of the attachment point of the first connection means 30 for the pull rope 14. This is illustrated in Fig. 8. In this way the gravity force will reduce the potential misalignment. In another embodiment a temporary mass can be attached to a point close to the lower side 37 of the mooring line connector 17 to obtain the same effect.

[0059] In Figs. 4, 5 and 9a the locking structure 24 is shown as an open cradle structure, i.e. a cut through the full plate thickness. In another embodiment, as illustrated in Fig. 9b, the cradle 24 is closed on the outer side, implying a cut which is not fully through the plate thickness obtained by e.g. dedicated machining.

[0060] Fig. 10a-10d shows different views of the hook-up of the mooring line 3 by the system for a time just prior to the mooring line connector 17 getting in contact with the body 16 of the connector. In Fig. 10a the pull is exemplified by a vessel 36 pulling on the pull rope 14, which is routed around the sheave 13 to the mooring line connector 17 of the connector. The mooring line connector 17 is further connected to the mooring line 3. The sheave 13 is positioned in the first sheave position 26a on the body 16 of the connector,which is the position designated to hook-up operation.

[0061] An advantage with the connector is that the pull rope 14 does not need to pass through an enclosed opening (cross section) in the body 16. The preferred arrangement of the body comprises an open structure along the entire length, where the body is shaped by the two side plates 34 and the bottom plate 35 (i.e. without a top plate giving an enclosed cross section). This is shown in Figs. 10b and 10d. Such open structure of the body 16 provides a good ROV working space with easy access for pull rope connection and disconnection. The system and devices are however not depending on an unenclosed cross section since the principles of the invention can also be adopted for an embodiment with an enclosed cross section along a length section of the main body 16.

[0062] Fig. 10c shows the principles of the system. The angle A between the pull direction 40, i.e. the direction of the upper part of the pull rope 14 from the pull sheave 13 to the vessel 36, and the pull direction 41, i.e. the direction of the lower part of the pull rope from the pull sheave 13 to the mooring line 3 via the mooring line connector 17 of the connector, typically ranges between 10 and 70 degrees. The pull directions are also illustrated by the imaginary lines 42 and 43. These imaginary lines will cross each other close to the rotational axis of the first pin 19. By adjusting the position of the vessel 36 and / or the position of the moored unit 1 the angle A can be changed such that the counter locking structure 22 hits the guide structure 25 at a point where it will drop into the cradle 24 after it has slid up along the entire path of the guide structure 25. The flared guide structure 29 will also contribute to a successful guiding of the counter locking structure 22 onto the guide structure 25, since it will for large angles A push the rope 14 and the mooring line connector 17 upwards relative the body 16.

[0063] Figs.11a and 11b show the hook-up of the mooring line 3 the time instant when the mooring line connector 17 via the counter locking structure 22 gets in contact with the guide structure 25 of the body 16 of the unit connector. When the counter locking structure 22 is pulled further the counter locking structure 22 moves up along the guide structure 25. At the same time the counter locking structure 22 will push the main body 16 downwards due to the inclination angle B of the guide structure 25 relative the pull direction. The angle B, see Fig. 18, of the lower part of the guide structure 25 relative the longitudinal axis 50 of the body 16 is typically in the range 20-70 degrees, where 0 degrees means parallel with the longitudinal axis 50, and 90 degreesmeans orthogonal to the longitudinal axis 50. When the counter locking structure 22 passes the top of the guide structure 25 the force from the counter locking structure 22 onto the guide structure 25 will be relieved with the effect that the main body will move upwards while the counter locking structure 22 will move downwards. The counter locking structure 22 will then land inside and be seated in the cradle structure 24 as shown in Fig.12.

[0064] Figs.13a and 13b shows the release / disconnect of the mooring line connector 17 from the unit connector, where Fig. 13a provides an isometric view and Fig.13b provides a side view. To release the counter locking structure 22 from the cradle 24 the sheave is placed in the second sheave position 26b. This position lifts the lower part of the pull rope relative the centerline of the body 16 compared to a lower sheave position 26a. The shift in sheave position from 26a to 26b will also rotate the main body 16 clockwise around the first pin 19 when vessel 36 pulls on the pull rope. When the load in the mooring line 3 is fully taken by the pull rope 14, and thus no contact between counter locking structure 22 and the cradle 24, then the above two effects will bring the counter locking structure 22 out of the cradle 24. When the vessel 36 then reduces the pull force on the pull rope 14 the mooring line 3 via the mooring line connector 17 of the connector will fully separate from the body 16 of the unit connector, as shown in Fig.14.

[0065] Figs. 15a-15b shows the final connected condition after the pull arrangement 12 has been removed, where Fig.15a provides an isometric view and Fig. 15b provides a side view. In this condition the counter locking structure 22 is fully engaged with the cradle structure 24, implying that the mooring line connector 17 with the attached mooring line 3 is fully connected to the body 16 of the connector and thus the moored unit 1.

[0066] To avoid the vessel 36 to pull the mooring line connector 17 into the pull sheave 13 a stopper arrangement 44 for the counter locking structure 22 is arranged on the body 16 of the connector. This stopper arrangement is illustrated in Figs. 15b and 17. The stopper 44 can be a section orthogonal to the direction of pull, extending from or attached to the cradle structure 24 and preferably situated behind the cradle structure 24 opposite the direction of pull 41 of the mooring line 3. When the counter locking structure 22 is pulled too far relative the cradle structure 24 it will be stopped by the stopper arrangement 44. If the vessel 36 then continues to pull the pull force will be transferred into the moored unit 1 without any relative motions between the body 16 of the unit connector and the mooring line connector 17 of theconnector.

[0067] Mooring line tension monitoring will typically be done via stress / elongation measurements in the first pin 19 or the second pin 20. Alternatively, stress / elongation measurements of the side plates 34 can be conducted. Measurements can be either be transferred wireless or via cable to the moored unit 1.

[0068] In an embodiment as exemplified herein, hook-up versus release of the mooring line 3 is controlled by shifting the position of the pull sheave 13, i.e. applying position or structure 26a for hook-up and position or structure 26b for release. In another embodiment, the sheave 13 may provide means for varying the sheave positions and not the body 16 via the structure 26, i.e. structures 26a, 26b is integrated in the sheave 13 instead of in the main body 16, which would comprise the structure 26. In yet another embodiment a similar effect can be obtained by using a large diameter sheave D1 for hook-up and a small diameter sheave D2 for release. A combination of sheave position and sheave diameter is also possible.

[0069] For applications with very high pull loads in pull line 14 the sheave 13 will be able to rotate around the sheave axis of rotation 47. For very low pull loads it is not necessary with a rotating sheave, i.e. the sheave can be a non-rotating structure around which the rope will slide on the surface of this structure.

[0070] Fig. 16 shows a scenario where mooring line 3 is aligned vertically (or close to vertical). For this scenario the mooring line 3 with the mooring line connector 17 of the mooring connector can be disconnected without using the sheave 13. A rope 45 from a crane or winch on a vessel 36 can be attached to the auxiliary attachment point31 on the mooring line connector 17 of the connector. A winch or crane can then pull out the mooring line 3 via the mooring line connector 17 of the connector directly from the cradle structure 24 of the main body 16 of the connector.

[0071] In another embodiment the counter locking structure 22 is secured inside cradle 24 by a locking arrangement (also referred to as secondary locking), which prevents the counter locking structure 22 to unintentionally disengage from the cradle structure 24. This arrangement can be a locking device which engages with the sector (or part of the sector) of the counter locking structure 22 which is not in direct contact with the cradle structure 24.In a typical embodiment this locking arrangement is mounted on the body 16 of the connector above or in the area 49 behind the counter locking structure 22 as shown in Fig. 17. It is either a fully ROV operable arrangement or a combination of automatic and ROV operated arrangement.

[0072] In an embodiment exemplified herein the mooring line 3 comprises chain links and where the chain link at the end is locked to the mooring line connector 17 of the connector via locking means 21. In another embodiment the mooring line connector 17 of the connector is connected to a socket of a steel wire rope segment, a thimble of a synthetic rope segment, or any other type of component.

[0073] In an embodiment exemplified herein counter locking structure 22 and locking structure 24, such as a cradle structure, are shown with a circular shape. In another embodiment this shape is non-circular, e.g. pear-shape, triangular, square, etc..

[0074] In an embodiment exemplified herein the counter locking structure 22 have two ends, one on each side of the line connector body 23 of the mooring line connector 17 of the connector. In another embodiment the counter locking structure 22 is a ring-shape type structure around the longitudinal axis of the body 23. This will allow the mooring line connector 17 to have any orientation around the longitudinal axis of the mooring line 3 when sliding along the guide structure 25 and resting in the cradle structure of the locking structure 24.

[0075] In an embodiment exemplified herein the cradle structure 24 and the guide structure 25 are part of the body 16 of the connector, and the counter locking structure 22 is part of the mooring line connector 17 of the connector. In another embodiment the counter locking structure 22 is part of the main body 16, and the cradle structure 24 and the guide structure 25 are part of the mooring line connector 17. In some aspects, the mooring line connector 17 co- operate with the unit connector. the term "co-operation" refers to the coordinated interaction between the two components, where each part is designed to engage or interface with the other in a manner that enables them to function together must be considered.

[0076] The term "cradle structure" used herein may refers to a support mechanism designed to securely hold and stabilize an object within a device or system. The inclusion of terms like "seat" and "opening" further defines specificaspects of the cradle structure's design and functionality.

[0077] The cradle structures disclosed herein can be understood as a framework designed to securely hold an object, such as a counter structure 22 or sheave 13, in place within a device, body or object. It typically features a contoured or shaped configuration that conforms to the object's dimensions, providing stability and preventing unwanted movement. This structure is integral to ensuring that the object remains in the correct position during the operation of the device.

[0078] Within the cradle structure, the "seat" may refer to a specific area or surface where the object is intended to rest or be supported. The seat is often designed to match the shape and size of the object, ensuring a snug and secure fit. In some designs, the seat might be slightly recessed or contoured to further secure the object.

[0079] The "opening" in the context of a cradle structure may refer to a strategically placed gap or aperture within the structure that allows for the insertion, removal, or operation of the object being held. The opening can be designed to accommodate various functional aspects, such as allowing access to a portion of the object or providing clearance for components that interact with the object. The opening might also be aligned with the seat to guide the object into the correct position.

[0080] The cradle structure may feature a seat that cradles the object in a specific position, ensuring stability and alignment within the device. An associated opening can provide access to the object or allow for its interaction with other components of the system. The seat and opening work together to facilitate easy insertion and removal of the object while maintaining its secure positioning during use. The cradle structure may have open or closed ends.

[0081] When two parts are described as being designed for "co-operation," it implies that the parts may be in mutual engagement, such that the mooring line connector is designed to physically engage with the unit connector, fitting together in a specific manner that ensures a secure and stable connection. This could involve complementary shapes, sizes, or features that allow the connectors to interlock or mate with one another. Furthermore, "co-operation” can imply that the parts have a functional compatibility, such that the design of the mooring line connector and the unit connector is such that they are functionally compatible. Their interaction enables the intended operation, suchas securely attaching the mooring line to the unit or facilitating a controlled release or adjustment.

[0082] In some aspects, the system includes a unit connector. The unit connector comprises a body 16. The body 16 may have a first end 27 and a second end 28. The first end 27 of the body 16 may include hinge means 33. The hinge means 33 provide rotational movement of the body 16.

[0083] The second end 28 of the body 16 may include a guide structure 25 and a locking structure 24. The locking structure 24 adjoins the guide structure 25. The guide structure 25 and the locking structure 24 are located at the second end 28 of the body 16.

[0084] In some cases, the body 16 further includes sheave attachment means 26 located between the first end 27 and the second end 28. The sheave attachment means 26 may be used to attach a sheave 13 to the body 16. The sheave 13 may be movable between at least two positions. The at least two positions may correspond to at least two cradle structures 26a, 26b defining at least two different positions of the rotational axis 47 compared to the body 16. Wherein a first position corresponds to a rotational axis 47 closer to the body than the second position.

[0085] In some aspects, the sheave attachment means 26 may include at least two cradle structures 26a, 26b. Each cradle structure may have an opening in a direction towards the first end 27, or at least further towards the first end 27 than the second end 28, and a seating portion towards the second end 28. The seating portion is adapted to support corresponding sheave attachment means 52, or two different attachment positions.

[0086] In some cases, the second cradle structure 26b may be situated at least partly above the first cradle structure 26a. This arrangement allows for different positions of the sheave 13 relative to the body 16.

[0087] In some aspects, the guide structure 25 may include two parallel inclining tracks. The tracks have a lowermost end at the second end 28 of the body 16, and an uppermost end by the locking structure 24. This arrangement defines a rising path from the second end 28 to the locking structure 24.

[0088] In some aspects, the guide structure 25 may further include a flared guide structure 29 on respective outsides, and along the length, of the two parallel tracks 25. The flared guide structure 29 widens outwards from the body 16. This arrangement may facilitate the introduction and guiding of the mooring line connector 17, or parts thereof, into the second end 28 of the connector.

[0089] In some aspects, the locking structure 24 may include a cradle structure that is at least partly open upwards from the body 16 and at least provides a seat in the direction towards the second end 28. Alternatively, the locking structure 24 may include protruding members.

[0090] In some cases, the locking structure 24 may include a stopper arrangement 44 behind, movable over, or inside the opening of the locking structure 24. This arrangement may secure the mooring line connector 17 in the locking structure 24, and / or prevent the mooring line connector 17 from being pulled over / past the locking structure 24.

[0091] In some aspects, the body 16 may be comprised of two parallel side plates 34. Each side plate 34 may include mirrored respective guide structure 25, locking structure 24 and sheave attachment cradles 26. This arrangement defines an open path from the sheave attachment cradles 26 and out through the second end 28. In some cases, a plate 35 or structure joins the side plate 34 on a bottom side of the body 16.

[0092] In some cases, the attachment means 52 of the sheave 13 may include at least two positions defining two separate rotational axes for the sheave attachment means 26. Alternatively, the sheave 13 may have a first diameter D1, or a second diameter D2, wherein the first diameter D1 is larger than the second diameter D2.

[0093] In some aspects, the hinge means 33 may include a connecting link body 18 with a first end connected to an attachment structure 32 via a first pin 19. This arrangement allows the body 16 of the connector to have a first rotational degree of freedom.

[0094] In some cases, the hinge means 33 may include a second end of the connecting link body 18 connected to the body 16 of the connector via a second pin 20. The second pin is oriented orthogonal to the first pin 19 allowing the body 16 to rotate around an axis orthogonal to the axis of the first pin 19.

[0095] In some aspects, the attachment structure 32 may form part of, or be attached to, a unit. The unit 1 may be a floating unit 1 or an earth-fixed unit 2.

[0096] In some aspects, the body 16 of the unit connector is comprised of two parallel side plates 34. Each side plate 34 may include mirrored respective guide structure 25, locking structure 24, and sheave attachment cradles 26. This arrangement defines an open path from the sheave attachment cradles 26 and out through the second end 28. The side plates 34 may be made of a durable material, such as metal or a high-strength polymer, to withstand the forces exerted during the connection process and the environmental conditions in which the unit connector operates.

[0097] In some cases, the side plates 34 may be shaped to provide a streamlined profile, reducing drag when the unit connector is in a marine environment. The side plates 34 may also be shaped to facilitate the introduction of the mooring line connector 17 into the second end 28 of the connector.

[0098] In some aspects, the side plates 34 may be rigidly connected to each other, for example, by welding or bolting, to provide structural integrity to the body 16. In other cases, the side plates 34 may be connected in a manner that allows for some degree of relative movement, for example, by using flexible connectors or hinges. This may allow the body 16 to adapt to variations in the alignment or orientation of the mooring line connector 17 during the connection process.

[0099] In some cases, the side plates 34 may include additional features, such as holes or slots, to facilitate the attachment of additional components or accessories. For example, the side plates 34 may include holes for attaching a pull rope 14 or slots for guiding the mooring line 3.

[0100] In some aspects, the side plates 34 may be coated or treated to resist corrosion, especially when the unit connector is used in a marine environment. The coating or treatment may include, for example, a layer of paint, a layer of a corrosion-resistant material, or a surface treatment process such as anodizing or galvanizing.

[0101] In some aspects, the hinge means 33 includes a connecting link body 18. The connecting link body 18 has a first end that is connected to an attachment structure 32 via a first pin 19. Thisarrangement allows the body 16 of the connector to have a first rotational degree of freedom. This rotational freedom can be beneficial in situations where the orientation of the unit 1 or the mooring line 3 changes, as it allows the body 16 to rotate and maintain alignment with the mooring line 3.

[0102] In some cases, the hinge means 33 includes a second end of the connecting link body 18 that is connected to the body 16 of the connector via a second pin 20. The second pin 20 is oriented orthogonal to the first pin 19. This orthogonal orientation allows the body 16 to rotate around an axis that is orthogonal to the axis of the first pin 19. This additional degree of rotational freedom can further enhance the ability of the connector to adapt to changes in the orientation of the unit 1 or the mooring line 3.

[0103] In some aspects, the attachment structure 32 to which the first end of the connecting link body 18 is connected via the first pin 19 forms part of the unit 1. In other cases, the attachment structure 32 may be a separate component that is attached to the unit 1. The attachment structure 32 may be designed to securely attach to the unit 1 and to withstand the forces exerted during the connection process and the environmental conditions in which the unit connector operates.

[0104] In some aspects, the guide structure 25 at the second end 28 of the body 16 comprises two parallel inclining tracks. These tracks provide a path for the mooring line connector 17 to follow when being introduced into the second end 28 of the body 16. The tracks may be inclined at an angle relative to the horizontal plane, which may facilitate the movement of the mooring line connector 17 towards the locking structure 24. The angle of inclination may vary depending on the specific requirements of the application, such as the expected load on the mooring line 3 or the desired speed of connection.

[0105] In some cases, the tracks of the guide structure 25 have a lowermost end at the second end 28 of the body 16 and an uppermost end by the locking structure 24. This arrangement defines a rising path from the second end 28 to the locking structure 24. The rising path may facilitate the movement of the mooring line connector 17 towards the locking structure 24 under the influence of gravity or a pulling force applied to the mooring line connector 17. The guide structure 25 may provide a low friction surface suitable for sliding contact with the counterlocking structure.

[0106] In some aspects, the guide structure 25 further comprises a flared guide structure 29 on respective outsides, and along the length, of the two parallel tracks 25. The flared guide structure 29 widens outwards from the body 16, providing a wider entrance for the mooring line connector 17 at the second end 28 of the body 16. This may facilitate the introduction of the mooring line connector 17 into the second end 28 of the body 16, especially in situations where the alignment between the mooring line connector 17 and the body 16 is not perfect.

[0107] In some cases, the locking structure 24 at the second end 28 of the body 16 is designed to securely hold the mooring line connector 17 once it has been introduced into the second end 28 of the body 16. The locking structure 24 may include a cradle structure or protruding members that engage with corresponding features on the mooring line connector 17 to prevent it from being unintentionally removed from the body 16. The specific design of the locking structure 24 may vary depending on the specific requirements of the application, such as the expected load on the mooring line 3 or the desired level of security for the connection.

[0108] In some aspects, the sheave attachment means 26 of the body 16 includes at least two cradle structures 26a, 26b. Each cradle structure may have an opening in a direction towards the first end 27 and a seating portion towards the second end 28. The seating portion is adapted to support corresponding sheave attachment means 52, or two different attachment positions. This arrangement allows for the attachment of a sheave 13 in different positions relative to the body 16, which can be beneficial in situations where different orientations or alignments of the sheave 13 are required.

[0109] In some cases, the second cradle structure 26b is situated at least partly above the first cradle structure 26a. This vertical arrangement of the cradle structures allows for different vertical positions of the sheave 13 relative to the body 16. This can be beneficial in situations where the vertical position of the sheave 13 needs to be adjusted, for example, to accommodate different lengths of the mooring line 3 or to adjust the angle of the mooring line 3 relative to the body 16.

[0110] In some aspects, the cradle structures 26a, 26b are designedto securely support the sheave 13 and to withstand the forces exerted by the mooring line 3 and the pull rope 14. The cradle structures 26a, 26b may be made of a durable material, such as metal or a high-strength polymer, to resist wear and tear and to ensure a long service life. The cradle structures 26a, 26b may also be shaped or contoured to closely match the shape of the sheave 13 or the sheave attachment means 52, providing a secure and stable support for the sheave 13.

[0111] In some aspects, the guide structure 25 includes two parallel inclining tracks. These tracks are oriented such that they have a lowermost end at the second end 28 of the body 16 and an uppermost end by the locking structure 24. This orientation defines a rising path from the second end 28 to the locking structure 24. The inclining tracks guide the mooring line connector 17 along this path, facilitating its movement towards the locking structure 24.

[0112] In some cases, the inclining tracks of the guide structure 25 may be straight, providing a direct path for the mooring line connector 17 from the second end 28 to the locking structure 24. In other cases, the inclining tracks may be curved or angled, providing a more gradual or indirect path for the mooring line connector 17. The specific shape and orientation of the inclining tracks may be selected based on the specific requirements of the application, such as the expected load on the mooring line 3, the desired speed of connection, or the physical constraints of the environment in which the unit connector operates.

[0113] In some aspects, the inclining tracks of the guide structure 25 may be made of a durable material, such as metal or a high-strength polymer, to withstand the forces exerted by the mooring line connector 17 during the connection process. The inclining tracks may also be coated or treated to resist wear and tear, ensuring a long service life for the unit connector.

[0114] In some cases, the inclining tracks of the guide structure 25 may include additional features, such as ridges, grooves, or teeth, to enhance the grip between the guide structure 25 and the mooring line connector 17. These additional features may help to prevent the mooring line connector 17 from slipping or sliding off the inclining tracks during the connection process, especially in situations where the mooring line connector 17 is subjected to high loads or adverse environmental conditions.

[0115] In some aspects, the guide structure 25 includes a flared guide structure 29 on the outsides of the parallel tracks. The flared guide structure 29 extends along the length of the parallel tracks and widens outwards from the body 16. This outward widening creates a larger entry path at the second end 28 of the body 16, which can facilitate the introduction of the mooring line connector 17 into the second end 28 of the body 16.

[0116] In some cases, the flared guide structure 29 may be formed as an integral part of the parallel tracks, or it may be a separate component that is attached to the parallel tracks. The flared guide structure 29 may be made of the same material as the parallel tracks, or it may be made of a different material that is selected for its specific properties, such as its resistance to wear and tear or its ability to facilitate the sliding movement of the mooring line connector 17.

[0117] In some aspects, the flared guide structure 29 may have a smooth surface to reduce friction and facilitate the sliding movement of the mooring line connector 17. In other cases, the flared guide structure 29 may have a textured or roughened surface to increase friction and prevent the mooring line connector 17 from slipping off the guide structure 25.

[0118] In some cases, the flared guide structure 29 may be shaped or contoured to guide the mooring line connector 17 towards the center of the parallel tracks. This can help to ensure that the mooring line connector 17 is properly aligned with the locking structure 24 as it moves along the guide structure 25.

[0119] In some aspects, the flared guide structure 29 may be adjustable or removable to accommodate different sizes or shapes of mooring line connectors 17. This can provide flexibility and adaptability in the use of the unit connector with different types of mooring line connectors 17.

[0120] In some aspects, the locking structure 24 includes a cradle structure that is at least partly open upwards. This cradle structure provides a seat in the direction towards the second end of the body 16. The cradle structure may be shaped or contoured to closely match the shape of the counter locking structure 22 of the mooring line connector 17, providing a secure and stable seat for the mooring line connector 17.

[0121] In some cases, the locking structure 24 includes protruding members. These protruding members may extend from the body 16 and engage with corresponding features on the mooring line connector 17 to prevent it from being unintentionally removed from the body 16. The protruding members may be shaped or contoured to closely match the shape of the counter locking structure 22 of the mooring line connector 17, providing a secure and stable engagement between the locking structure 24 and the mooring line connector 17.

[0122] In some aspects, the locking structure 24 includes a stopper arrangement 44. The stopper arrangement 44 may be located behind, movable over, or inside the at least partly opening of the locking structure 24. The stopper arrangement 44 may be used to further secure the mooring line connector 17 in the locking structure 24, preventing it from being unintentionally removed from the body 16. The stopper arrangement 44 may be manually or automatically activated, for example, by a spring mechanism or a hydraulic or pneumatic actuator. The stopper arrangement 44 may be made of a durable material, such as metal or a high-strength polymer, to withstand the forces exerted by the mooring line connector 17 and the environmental conditions in which the unit connector operates.

[0123] In some aspects, the body 16 of the unit connector is constructed using two parallel side plates 34. Each side plate 34 mirrors the guide structure 25, the locking structure 24, and the sheave attachment cradles 26. This mirrored arrangement on each side plate 34 forms an open path from the sheave attachment cradles 26 and out through the second end 28. This open path facilitates the movement of the mooring line connector 17 and the pull rope 14 through the body 16 of the unit connector.

[0124] In some cases, the side plates 34 may be rigidly connected to each other, for example, by welding or bolting, to provide structural integrity to the body 16. In other cases, the side plates 34 may be connected in a manner that allows for some degree of relative movement, for example, by using flexible connectors or hinges. This may allow the body 16 to adapt to variations in the alignment or orientation of the mooring line connector 17 during the connection process.

[0125] In some aspects, the side plates 34 may be made of a durable material, such as metal or a high-strength polymer, to withstand theforces exerted during the connection process and the environmental conditions in which the unit connector operates. The side plates 34 may also be coated or treated to resist corrosion, especially when the unit connector is used in a marine environment. The coating or treatment may include, for example, a layer of paint, a layer of a corrosion-resistant material, or a surface treatment process such as anodizing or galvanizing.

[0126] In some cases, the side plates 34 may include additional features, such as holes or slots, to facilitate the attachment of additional components or accessories. For example, the side plates 34 may include holes for attaching a pull rope 14 or slots for guiding the mooring line 3.

[0127] In some aspects, the connector includes a sheave 13 with attachment means 52. The sheave 13 is designed to interact with a pull rope 14 and facilitate the movement of the mooring line connector 17 into the body 16 of the connector. The sheave 13 may be made of a durable material, such as metal or a high-strength polymer, to withstand the forces exerted by the pull rope 14 and the environmental conditions in which the connector operates.

[0128] In some cases, the sheave 13 is movable between at least two positions corresponding to the cradle structures 26a, 26b of the sheave attachment means 26. This movement allows for the adjustment of the position of the sheave 13 relative to the body 16, which can be beneficial in situations where different orientations or alignments of the sheave 13 are required.

[0129] In some aspects, the attachment means 52 of the sheave 13 includes at least two positions defining separate rotational axes for the sheave 13. This arrangement allows for the adjustment of the rotational axis of the sheave 13, which can be beneficial in situations where different orientations or alignments of the sheave 13 are required.

[0130] In some cases, the sheave 13 can have a first diameter D1 or a second diameter D2, where the first diameter D1 is larger than the second diameter D2. This variation in diameter allows for the adjustment of the size of the sheave 13, which can be beneficial in situations where different sizes of the sheave 13 are required, for example, to accommodate different sizes of the pull rope 14 or to adjust the speed of the connection process.

[0131] In some aspects, the hinge means 33 includes a connecting link body 18. The connecting link body 18 has a first end that is connected to an attachment structure 32 via a first pin 19. This arrangement allows the body 16 of the connector to have a first rotational degree of freedom. This rotational freedom can be beneficial in situations where the orientation of the unit 1 or the mooring line 3 changes, as it allows the body 16 to rotate and maintain alignment with the mooring line 3.

[0132] In some cases, the hinge means 33 includes a second end of the connecting link body 18 that is connected to the body 16 of the connector via a second pin 20. The second pin 20 is oriented orthogonal to the first pin 19. This orthogonal orientation allows the body 16 to rotate around an axis that is orthogonal to the axis of the first pin 19. This additional degree of rotational freedom can further enhance the ability of the connector to adapt to changes in the orientation of the unit 1 or the mooring line 3.

[0133] In some aspects, the attachment structure 32 to which the first end of the connecting link body 18 is connected via the first pin 19 forms part of the unit 1. In other cases, the attachment structure 32 may be a separate component that is attached to the unit 1. The attachment structure 32 may be designed to securely attach to the unit 1 and to withstand the forces exerted during the connection process and the environmental conditions in which the unit connector operates.

[0134] In some cases, the unit 1, 2 to which the attachment structure 32 is attached or forms part of may be a floating unit. This can be beneficial in marine environments, where the unit 1 may be a ship, a buoy, a floating electric generator or any other type of floating structure. In other cases, the unit 1 may be an earth-fixed unit. This can be beneficial in environments the unit is an anchor or other type of earth- fixed structure. The ability of the unit connector to be used with both floating and earth-fixed units increases its versatility and adaptability.

[0135] In some aspects, the system includes a mooring line connector 17. The mooring line connector 17 comprises a line connector body 23. The line connector body 23 may have a first end and a second end. The first end of the line connector body 23 may include a first connection means 30. The first connection means 30 is designed to lock a pull rope 14.

[0136] In some cases, the second end of the line connector body 23 may include a second connection means 21. The second connection means 21 is designed to lock a mooring line 3. This arrangement allows the mooring line connector 17 to securely connect the pull rope 14 and the mooring line 3, facilitating the connection process. The mooring line 3, or parts thereof may be made from a variety of materials and configurations, each offering different characteristics suited for specific purposes. The most common types of mooring lines are made from rope, chain, and wire, with each type offering distinct advantages and disadvantages depending on the conditions and the vessel being moored. Furthermore, the end of the mooring line 3 may be any type of chain link end, rope thimble, socket, or any other mooring line component.

[0137] In some aspects, the first connection means 30 and the second connection means 21 may be designed to provide a secure and reliable connection with the pull rope 14 and the mooring line 3, respectively. This may be achieved, for example, by using mechanical locking mechanisms, such as clamps, hooks, or latches, pins, fasteners or by using friction-based locking mechanisms, such as friction clamps or wedges.

[0138] In some cases, the first connection means 30 and the second connection means 21 may be adjustable to accommodate different sizes or types of pull ropes 14 and mooring lines 3. This can provide flexibility and adaptability in the use of the mooring line connector 17 with different types of pull ropes 14 and mooring lines 3.

[0139] In some aspects, the line connector body 23 may be made of a durable material, such as metal or a high-strength polymer, to withstand the forces exerted during the connection process and the environmental conditions in which the mooring line connector 17 operates. The line connector body 23 may also be coated or treated to resist corrosion, especially when the mooring line connector 17 is used in a marine environment. The coating or treatment may include, for example, a layer of paint, a layer of a corrosion-resistant material, or a surface treatment process such as anodizing or galvanizing.

[0140] In some aspects, the mooring line connector 17 includes a counter locking structure 22. This counter locking structure 22 is designed to interact with the locking structure 24 and the guide structure 25 of the unit connector. The interaction between the counter lockingstructure 22 and the locking structure 24 and guide structure 25 of the unit connector ensures a secure and reliable connection between the mooring line connector 17 and the unit connector.

[0141] In some cases, the counter locking structure 22 or parts of the mooring line connector 17 are slidably guided along the guide structure 25 to the locking structure 24. This sliding movement facilitates the introduction of the mooring line connector 17 into the unit connector and its subsequent locking in place. The sliding movement may be facilitated by the shape and orientation of the guide structure 25, as well as by the properties of the materials used for the counter locking structure 22 and the guide structure 25, such as their smoothness or lubricity.

[0142] In some aspects, the counter locking structure 22 includes protrusions that extend symmetrically from both sides of the connector body 23. These protrusions may have a circular or non-circular cross section. The protrusions are designed to engage with corresponding features in the locking structure 24 of the unit connector, providing a secure and reliable connection between the mooring line connector 17 and the unit connector.

[0143] In some cases, the counter locking structure 22 includes a cradle structure. This cradle structure is designed to engage with corresponding features in the locking structure 24 of the unit connector, providing a secure and reliable connection between the mooring line connector 17 and the unit connector.

[0144] In some aspects, the counter locking structure 22 is rotationally supported in the line connector body 23. This rotational support allows the counter locking structure 22 to rotate relative to the line connector body 23, which can be beneficial in situations where the orientation of the mooring line connector 17 or the unit connector changes during the connection process. The rotational support may be provided by a bearing or a similar rotational support mechanism.

[0145] In some aspects, the mooring line connector 17 further includes an auxiliary attachment point 31. This auxiliary attachment point 31 is located on a top side of the line connector body 23, positioned between the first connection means 30 and the second connection means 21. The auxiliary attachment point 31 may be used for attaching additional components or accessories, such as a safety line or a handlingtool. This can provide additional flexibility and versatility in the use of the mooring line connector 17.

[0146] In some cases, the auxiliary attachment point 31 may be a hole, a loop, a hook, or any other type of attachment structure. The specific design of the auxiliary attachment point 31 may be selected based on the specific requirements of the application, such as the type of components or accessories that need to be attached, the expected load on the auxiliary attachment point 31, or the environmental conditions in which the mooring line connector 17 operates.

[0147] In some aspects, the mooring line connector 17 is designed such that its center of gravity 39 is located below an imaginary line 38. This imaginary line 38 is defined through the center of the first connection means 30 and the second connection means 21. This arrangement can enhance the stability of the mooring line connector 17, especially when it is suspended or hanging from the unit connector. The lower center of gravity 39 can help to keep the mooring line connector 17 upright and prevent it from tipping or rotating, which can facilitate the connection process and reduce the risk of misalignment or disconnection.

[0148] In some aspects, the connecting system 46 comprises a unit connector, a mooring line connector 17, a mooring line 3, and a pull system arrangement 12. The unit connector and the mooring line connector 17 are designed to be locked to each other by corresponding locking structure 24 and counter locking structure 22. This locking arrangement provides a secure and reliable connection between the unit connector and the mooring line connector 17, preventing unintentional disconnection during operation.

[0149] In some cases, the mooring line 3 is connected to the mooring line connector 17 by the second connection means 21. This connection allows the mooring line 3 to be securely attached to the mooring line connector 17, facilitating the transmission of forces from the mooring line 3 to the unit connector and the unit 1.

[0150] In some aspects, the pull system arrangement 12 comprises a pull rope 14 that is attached to the first connection means 30 of the mooring line connector 17. The pull rope 14 is routed via the sheave 13 of the unit connector. This arrangement allows the pull rope 14 to be used to pull the mooring line connector 17 into the unit connector,facilitating the connection process.

[0151] In some cases, the connecting system 46 is attached to a unit 1, 2. The unit 1, 2 may be a floating unit, such as a ship or a buoy, or an earth-fixed unit, such as a building or a tower. This allows the connecting system 46 to be used in a wide range of applications, including marine and terrestrial environments.

[0152] In some aspects, the method of connecting the mooring line system begins with providing the sheave 13 in position 26a of the connector. This positioning of the sheave 13 is crucial for the subsequent steps of the connection process. The sheave 13 may be provided in this position manually, for example, by an operator, or automatically, for example, by a mechanical or hydraulic actuator.

[0153] In some cases, the sheave 13 is provided with a diameter D1. This diameter D1 may be selected based on the specific requirements of the application, such as the size of the pull rope 14 or the desired speed of the connection process. The diameter D1 of the sheave 13 may be adjustable, allowing for the adjustment of the size of the sheave 13 to accommodate different sizes of the pull rope 14 or to adjust the speed of the connection process.

[0154] In some aspects, a pull rope 14 is provided and routed via the sheave 13. One end of the pull rope 14 is attached to the mooring line connector 17. The pull rope 14 may be routed via the sheave 13 manually, for example, by an operator, or automatically, for example, by a mechanical or hydraulic actuator. The pull rope 14 may be made of a durable material, such as a high-strength fiber or metal wire, to withstand the forces exerted during the connection process and the environmental conditions in which the mooring line system operates.

[0155] In some cases, the mooring line connector 17 is introduced into the second end 28 of the connector by pulling on the pull rope 14. This pulling action may be performed manually, for example, by an operator, or automatically, for example, by a mechanical or hydraulic actuator. The pulling action moves the mooring line connector 17 along the guide structure 25 and towards the locking structure 24.

[0156] In some aspects, the counter locking structure 22 of the mooring line connector 17 is seated into the locking structure 24 of the connector. This seating action may be performed manually, for example,by an operator, or automatically, for example, by a mechanical or hydraulic actuator. The seating of the counter locking structure 22 into the locking structure 24 secures the mooring line connector 17 in the connector, preventing it from being unintentionally removed during operation.

[0157] In some aspects, the method of disconnecting the mooring line system begins with providing the sheave 13 in position 26b of the connector. This positioning of the sheave 13 is crucial for the subsequent steps of the disconnection process. The sheave 13 may be provided in this position manually, for example, by an operator, or automatically, for example, by a mechanical or hydraulic actuator.

[0158] In some cases, the sheave 13 is provided with a diameter D2. This diameter D2 may be selected based on the specific requirements of the disconnection process, such as the size of the pull rope 14 or the desired speed of the disconnection process. The diameter D2 of the sheave 13 may be adjustable, allowing for the adjustment of the size of the sheave 13 to accommodate different sizes of the pull rope 14 or to adjust the speed of the disconnection process.

[0159] In some aspects, a pull rope 14 is provided and routed via the sheave 13. One end of the pull rope 14 is attached to the mooring line connector 17. The pull rope 14 may be routed via the sheave 13 manually, for example, by an operator, or automatically, for example, by a mechanical or hydraulic actuator. The pull rope 14 may be made of a durable material, such as a high-strength fiber or metal wire, to withstand the forces exerted during the disconnection process and the environmental conditions in which the mooring line system operates.

[0160] In some cases, the mooring line connector 17 is removed from the second end 28 of the connector by pulling on the pull rope 14 or the auxiliary attachment point 31. This pulling action may be performed manually, for example, by an operator, or automatically, for example, by a mechanical or hydraulic actuator. The pulling action moves the mooring line connector 17 along the guide structure 25 and away from the locking structure 24.

[0161] In some aspects, the counter locking structure 22 of the mooring line connector 17 is disengaged from the locking structure 24 of the connector. This disengagement action may be performed manually, for example, by an operator, or automatically, for example, by amechanical or hydraulic actuator. The disengagement of the counter locking structure 22 from the locking structure 24 releases the mooring line connector 17 from the connector, allowing it to be removed during the disconnection process.

[0162] The order of the steps of the methods described herein is exemplary, but the steps may be carried out in any suitable order, or simultaneously where appropriate. Additionally, steps may be added or substituted in, or individual steps may be deleted from any of the methods without departing from the scope of the subject matter described herein.

[0163] Aspects of any of the examples described above may be combined with aspects of any of the other examples described .

[0164] It will be understood that the above description of a preferred embodiment is given by way of example only and that various modifications may be made by those skilled in the art. What has been described above includes examples of one or more embodiments. It is, of course, not possible to describe every conceivable modification and alteration of the above devices or methods for purposes of describing the aforementioned aspects, but one of ordinary skill in the art can recognize that many further modifications and permutations of various aspects are possible. Accordingly, the described aspects are intended to embrace all such alterations, modifications, and variations that fall within the scope of the appended claims.

[0165] Although specific embodiments of the invention have been described and illustrated herein, it is recognized that modifications and variations may readily occur to those skilled in the art, and consequently, it is intended that the claims be interpreted to cover such modifications and equivalents. Reference numerals 1 Moored floating structure 2 Anchor for mooring line 3 Mooring line 4 Sea surface 5 SeabedFluid line, control line and / or power line Mooring line connection to anchor Mooring line connection to floating unit Buoyancy element Lower part of mooring line Upper part of mooring line Pulling system arrangement Pull sheave assembly Pull rope Pull rope connecting device Body of unit connector Mooring line connector Connecting link body between floating structure (or anchor structure) and main connector body First pin with locking means and bearings allowing rotational freedom about one axis, where the axis is horizontal Second pin with locking means and bearings allowing rotational freedom about an axis orthogonal to first pin Means of locking mooring line to mooring line connector, second connection means Counter locking structure, Means on mooring line connector which interfaces with cradle structure of body, i.e. means for locking mooring line connector to body of unit connector; also referred to as the counterpart to the cradle Body of mooring line connector Locking structure, Cradle structure of connector Guide structure of connector Sheave attachment means, Connection structure for pull sheave on main body of connector a Position 1 for pull sheave b Position 2 for pull sheave First end of body; towards connecting link Second end of body; towards mooring line connector of connector Flared guide structure, Guide structure for pull rope First connection means on mooring line connector for connecting pull rope Auxiliary attachment point on mooring line connectorAttachment structure, Means on the moored (or anchor) structure for fixing the connecting link to the moored (or anchor) structure via the first pin Hinge means containing connecting link body, first pin and second pin Side plates of body of unit connector Bottom plate of main body of connector Vessel pulling in pull rope Lower side of the mooring line connector of the connector Imaginary line which passes through the center of the locking means for the mooring line and the attachment point for the pull rope Center of gravity for mooring line connector Pull-direction on upper part of pull rope; from sheave to surface vessel Pull direction on lower part of pull rope; from mooring line to sheave Imaginary line parallel with pull direction of upper part of pull rope Imaginary line parallel with pull direction of lower part of pull rope Stopper structure Lifting rope / lifting force direction System for connecting mooring line to a floating or fixed structure; also referred to as connector and invention Sheave axis / sheave axis of rotation Longitudinal axis of the mooring line connector which interfaces with guide and cradle structure of main body Area for locating secondary locking of the mooring line connector which interfaces with guide and cradle structure of main body Longitudinal axis of main body of connector Axis parallel with main surface of guide structure of connector Attachment means on sheave

Claims

A unit connector for a mooring line system, the connector comprising:- a body (16)- the body (16) comprises a first end (27) comprising hinge means (33) comprising a connecting link body (18) configured for attachment to an attachment structure (32) on a moored unit (1), the hinge means (33) thus providing rotational movement of the body (16), and a second end (28) comprising a guide structure (25) and a locking structure (24) adjoining the guide structure (25), wherein the guide structure (25) is configured for guiding a mooring line connector (17) into the cradle structure (24), wherein the body (16) further comprises sheave attachment means (26) with at least two attachment positions (26a, 26b) between the first end (27) and second end (28), whereby a sheave (13) in a pulling system arrangement (12) can be releasably arranged in the sheave attachment means (26).

2. The connector according to claim 1, wherein the sheave attachment means (26) comprises at least two cradle structures (26a, 26b), each with an opening in a direction towards the first end (27) and a seating portion towards the second end (28) adapted to support corresponding sheave attachment means (52) or at least two different attachment positions.

3. The connector according to claim 2, wherein the second cradle structure (26b) is situated at least partly above the first cradle structure (26a).

4. The connector according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein the guide structure (25) comprises two parallel inclining tracks having a lowermost end at the second end (28) of the body (16), and an uppermost end by the locking structure (24), defining a rising path from the second end (28) to the locking structure (24).

5. The connector according to any one of claims 1-4, wherein the guide structure (25) further comprises a flared guide structure (29) on respective outsides, and along the length, of the two parallel tracks (25), widening outwards from the body (16).

6. The connector according to any one of claims 1-5, wherein the locking structure (24) comprises a cradle structure at least partly open upwards and at least providing a seat in the direction towards the second end, or wherein the locking structure (24) comprises protruding members.

7. The connector according to any one of claims 1-6, wherein the locking structure (24) comprises a stopper arrangement (44) behind, movable over or inside the at least partly opening of the locking structure (24).

8. The connector according to any one of claims 1-7, wherein the body (16) is comprised of two parallel side plates (34), each side plate (34) comprises mirrored respective guide structure (25), locking structure (24) and sheave attachment cradles (26) and defining an open path from the sheave attachment cradles (26) and out through the second end (28).

9. The connector according to any one of claims 1-8, wherein the connector comprises a sheave (13) comprising attachment means (52), defining the rotational axis (47) of the sheave (13), adapted to be attachable and removable to and from the sheave attachment cradle (26), and wherein the sheave (13) is movable between at least two positions corresponding to at least two cradle structures (26a, 26b) defining at least two different positions of the rotational axis (47) compared to the body (16).

10. The connector according to any one of claims 1-9, wherein the attachment means (52) of the sheave (13) comprises at least two positions defining two separate rotational axes for the sheave attachment means (26), or wherein the sheave (13) has a first diameter DI, or a second diameter D2, wherein the first diameter DI is larger than the second diameter D2.

11. The connector according to any one of claims 1-10, wherein the hinge means (33) comprising a connecting link body (18) with a first end connected to an attachment structure (32) via a first pin (19) to allow the body (16) of the connector to have a first rotational degree of freedom.

12. The connector according to claim 11, wherein the hinge means (33) comprising a second end of the connecting link body (18) connected to the body (16) of the connector via a second pin (20), the second pin being oriented orthogonal to the first pin (19) allowing the body (16) to rotate around an axis orthogonal to the axis of the first pin (19).

13. The connector according to any one of claims 1-12, wherein the attachment structure (32) is adapted to form part of, or be attached to, a unit (1), wherein the unit (1) is a floating unit or an earth-fixed unit.

14. A mooring line connector (17) for co-operation with the unit connector as defined in any one of claims 1-13, the mooring line connector (17) comprising:- a line connector body (23) comprising a first end comprising a first connection means (30) for locking a pull rope ( 14)- a second end comprising a second connection means (21) for locking a mooring line (3)15. The mooring line connector (17) according to claim 14, further comprising a counter locking structure (22) interrelated with the locking structure (24) and the guide structure (25) of the unit connector, such that the guide structure (25) guides the counter locking structure (22) to the locking structure (24), and wherein the counter locking structure (22) or parts of the mooring line connector (17) are slidably guided along the guide structure (25) to the locking structure (24).

16. The mooring line connector (17) according to any one of claims 14-15, wherein the counter locking structure (22) comprisesprotrusions having a circular or non-circular cross section protruding symmetrically from both sides of the connector body (23) defining a longitudinal axis (48) through said protrusions, or wherein the counter locking structure comprises a cradle structure.

17. The mooring line connector (17) according to any one of claims 14-16, wherein the counter locking structure (22) is rotationally supported in the line connector body (23).

18. The mooring line connector (17) according to any one of claims 14-17, further comprising an auxiliary attachment point (31) on a top side between the first connection means (30) and the second connection means (21).

19. The mooring line connector (17) according to any one of claims 14-18, wherein the mooring line connector (17) has a center of gravity (39) below an imaginary line (38), where the imaginary line is a line defined through the center of the first connection means (30) and the second connection means (21).

20. A connecting system (46) for connecting a mooring line (3) to a unit (1, 2), the system comprising:- the connector as defined in any one of claims 1-13, and;- the mooring line connector (17) as defined in any one of claims 14-19, and;- a mooring line (3) and;- a pull system arrangement (12), the connector and mooring line connector (17) to be locked to each other by corresponding locking structure (24) and counter locking structure (22).

21. The connecting system (46) according to claim 20, wherein the mooring line (3) is connected to the mooring line connector (17) by the second connection means (21)22. The connecting system (46) according to claim 20 or claim 21 wherein the pull system arrangement (12) comprises a pull rope(14) attached to the first connection means (30) of the mooring line connector (17), the pull rope (14) being routed via the sheave (13).

23. The connecting system (46) according to any one of claims 20- 22, wherein the system is attached to a unit (1, 2), wherein the unit (1,2) is a floating unit or an earth-fixed unit.

24. A method of connecting a mooring line system as defined in any one of claims 20-23, the method comprising the steps of: a) providing the sheave (13) in position (26a) of the connector, and / or providing the sheave (13) with a diameter DI, b) providing a pull rope (14) routed via the sheave (13) and in one end attached to the mooring line connector (17), c) pulling on the mooring line connector (17), via the pull rope (14), to introduce the mooring line connector (17) into the second end (28) of the connector, d) seat the counter locking structure (22) of the mooring line connector (17) into the locking structure (24).

25. The method according to claim 24, wherein the pulling in step c) is performed by a vessel (36).

26. A method of disconnecting a mooring line system as defined in any one of claims 20-23, the method comprising the steps of: a) providing the sheave (13) in position (26b) of the connector, and / or providing the sheave (13) with a diameter D2, b) providing a pull rope (14) routed via the sheave (13) and in one end attached to the mooring line connector (17), c) puli on the mooring line connector (17), via the pull rope (14) or the auxiliary attachment point (31), to remove the mooring line connector (17) from the second end (28) by disengaging the counter locking structure (22) of the mooring line connector (17) from the locking structure (24).

27. The method according to claim 26, wherein the pulling in step c) is performed by a vessel (36).

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