Flap assembly and vehicle

Abstract

A flap assembly (300), comprising a flap (3001) and an actuator (200) connected to the flap, wherein the actuator comprises an electric motor (11), and a bidirectional transmission device (20) which is connected to an electric motor shaft (111) of the electric motor and the flap and configured to transmit power bidirectionally between the electric motor shaft and the flap. When a first external force is applied for opening the flap, the first external force can drive, by means of the bidirectional transmission device, the electric motor shaft to rotate in a first rotation direction (X1) so as to open the flap; and when a second external force is applied for closing the flap, a second external force can drive, by means of the bidirectional transmission device, the electric motor shaft to rotate in a second rotation direction (X2) opposite to the first rotation direction so as to close the flap, the minimum value of the second external force being less than that of the first external force. Further provided is a vehicle (400) comprising the flap assembly. Reducing the minimum value of the second external force required for closing the flap can improve the experience of closing the flap; and increasing the minimum value of the first external force for opening the flap can reduce the risk of false opening of the flap under the action of an external force, and improve the safety during closing of the flap.

Description

Flap assembly and vehicle

[0001] Cross-reference to related applications

[0002] This application is based on and claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202411311283.1, filed on September 19, 2024, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. TECHNICAL FIELD

[0003] The present application relates to the technical field of flaps, and in particular to a flap assembly and a vehicle. BACKGROUND

[0004] In an electric door actuator on a vehicle fuel tank cover or charging tank cover, the driving device in the actuator can drive the opening and closing of the fuel tank cover or charging tank cover through the output device; manual pressing of the fuel tank cover or charging tank cover with a certain torsion force can manually achieve the opening and closing of the fuel tank cover or charging tank cover. However, the user needs to manually turn the flap with a relatively large sudden force to forcibly close the flap, which results in a poor closing experience.

[0005] SUMMARY

[0006] The present application provides a flap assembly and a vehicle, wherein the second external force for closing the flap is smaller than the first external force for opening the flap and can drive the rotation of the motor shaft, thereby at least partially solving the above technical problems.

[0007] The present application provides a flap assembly, comprising: a flap; and an actuator connected to the flap and comprising: a motor comprising a motor shaft; and a bidirectional transmission device connected to the motor shaft and the flap and configured to bidirectionally transmit power between the motor shaft and the flap; wherein when a first external force for opening the flap is applied to the flap in a closed position, the first external force can drive the motor shaft to rotate in a first rotation direction to open the flap through the bidirectional transmission device; when a second external force for closing the flap is applied to the flap in an open position, the second external force can drive the motor shaft to rotate in a second rotation direction to close the flap through the bidirectional transmission device, the minimum value of the second external force being smaller than the minimum value of the first external force, and the first rotation direction being opposite to the second rotation direction.

[0008] The present application provides a vehicle comprising the above-mentioned flap assembly.

[0009] In the flap assembly and the vehicle of some embodiments, the second external force for closing the flap can drive the motor shaft to rotate in the second rotation direction, so as to detect the motor shaft in the second rotation direction to start the motor to drive the flap to close, so that the actuator has a follow-up function, thereby reducing the minimum value of the second external force required for closing the flap and improving the experience of closing the flap. Moreover, the minimum value of the second external force for closing the flap is less than the minimum value of the first external force for opening the flap, the minimum value of the first external force for opening the flap is increased, the risk of the flap being wrongly opened under the external force is reduced, and the safety of the flap when closing is improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0010] Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a driving device under a first external force in some embodiments of the present application.

[0011] Fig. 2 is a partial enlarged schematic diagram of A in Fig. 1.

[0012] Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of the driving device in Fig. 1 under a second external force.

[0013] Fig. 4 is a partial enlarged schematic diagram of B in Fig. 3.

[0014] Fig. 5 is a structural schematic diagram of a driving device under a first external force in other embodiments of the present application.

[0015] Fig. 6 is a partial enlarged schematic diagram of C in Fig. 5.

[0016] Fig. 7 is a structural schematic diagram of the driving device in Fig. 5 under a second external force.

[0017] Fig. 8 is a partial enlarged schematic diagram of D in Fig. 7.

[0018] Fig. 9 is a structural schematic diagram of an actuator in some embodiments of the present application.

[0019] Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of a clutch device in the actuator in Fig. 9 in a coupling and decoupling state.

[0020] Fig. 11 is an exploded view of part of the structure of the actuator in Fig. 9.

[0021] Fig. 12 is a structural schematic diagram of an actuator in other embodiments of the present application.

[0022] Fig. 13 is a structural schematic diagram of an actuator in some other embodiments of the present application from one perspective.

[0023] Fig. 14 is a structural schematic diagram of the actuator in Fig. 13 from another perspective.

[0024] Fig. 15 is a structural schematic diagram of an actuator in some other embodiments of the present application.

[0025] Figure 16 is a schematic view of the clutching device in the actuator of Figure 15 in coupled and decoupled states.

[0026] Figure 17 is an exploded view of the partial structure in the actuator of Figure 15.

[0027] Figure 18 is a schematic view of the structure of an actuator of yet other embodiments of the application.

[0028] Figure 19 is a schematic view of the structure of an actuator of yet other embodiments of the application from one perspective.

[0029] Figure 20 is a schematic view of the structure of the actuator of Figure 19 from another perspective.

[0030] Figure 21 is a schematic view of the structure of a flap assembly of some embodiments of the application.

[0031] Figure 22 is a schematic view of the structure of a flap assembly of other embodiments of the application.

[0032] Figure 23 is a schematic view of the structure of a flap assembly of yet other embodiments of the application.

[0033] Figure 24 is a schematic view of the structure of a flap assembly of yet other embodiments of the application.

[0034] Figure 25 is a block diagram of a vehicle of some embodiments of the application.

[0035] The reference signs are as follows: 100, driving device; 11, motor; 111, motor shaft; 111B, convex end face; 111C, free end; 112, motor housing; 112A, accommodating cavity; 112B, first opening; 112C, second opening; 1131, first guide structure; 1132, second guide structure; 1133, third guide structure; 12, resistance torque applying assembly; 121, first limiting structure; 1211, first annular structure; 1211A, first axial annular end face; 1212, second annular structure; 1212B, second axial annular end face; 122, second limiting structure; 200, actuator; 20, bidirectional transmission device; 21, first transmission device; 211, helical tooth; 22, second transmission device; 23, third transmission device; 233, output gear; 231, first transmission combination; 2311, worm; 2312, first helical gear; 2313, third helical gear; 2314, second spur gear; 2315, second shaft; 232, second transmission combination; 2321, second helical gear; 2322, first spur gear; 2323, third spur gear; 2324, fourth spur gear; 2325, first shaft; 2326, third shaft; 30, clutch device; 301, first clutch part; 302, second clutch part; 303, elastic member; 304, circumferential limiting part; 305, axial stopper; 307, elastic ring; 40, rotation detection device; 401, first rotation detection device; 4011, magnetic ring; 4012, Hall sensor; 4013, printed circuit board; 402, second rotation detection device; 4021, potentiometer; 50, external housing; 60, output shaft; 701, positioning pin; 702, positioning sleeve; 300, door cover assembly; 3001, door cover; 3002, position switch; 400, vehicle; X1, first rotation direction; X2, second rotation direction; Z1, first axial direction; Z2, second axial direction. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0037] According to a first aspect of the present application, referring to FIGS. 1-8, the present application provides a driving device 100. The driving device 100 includes a motor 11 and a resistance torque applying assembly 12. The motor 11 includes a motor shaft 111. The resistance torque applying assembly 12 is configured to apply a first resistance torque to the motor shaft 111 when the motor shaft 111 rotates in a first rotation direction X1, not apply a resistance torque to the motor shaft 111 when the motor shaft 111 rotates in a second rotation direction X2, or apply a second resistance torque to the motor shaft 111 when the motor shaft 111 rotates in the second rotation direction X2. The first resistance torque is greater than the second resistance torque. The first rotation direction X1 is opposite to the second rotation direction X2.

[0038] With the above design of the driving device 100, when the motor 11 is not powered, the motor shaft 111 rotating in the first rotation direction X1 is self-locked under the action of the first resistance torque, while the motor shaft 111 rotating in the second rotation direction X2 is not resisted or continues to rotate under the action of the smaller second resistance torque. In other words, with the design of the driving device 100, the motor shaft 111 can be self-locked when rotating in the first rotation direction X1 and not self-locked when rotating in the second rotation direction X2 when the motor 11 is not powered.

[0039] It should be noted that when the motor 11 is powered, the driving torque of the motor shaft 111 is much greater than the first resistance torque. Therefore, the first resistance torque or the second resistance torque applied by the resistance torque applying assembly 12 will not affect the normal rotation of the motor shaft 111 when the motor 11 is powered.

[0040] The direction of the first resistance torque is opposite to the first rotation direction X1. The first resistance torque can be much smaller than the driving torque generated when the motor 11 is driven, to ensure that the motor 11 can work normally when driven.

[0041] In some embodiments, the first resistance torque is greater than or equal to 0.0001 N·m and less than or equal to 10 N·m. In this way, the motor shaft 111 rotating in the first rotation direction X1 is self-locked under the action of the first resistance torque, and the motor 11 can work normally when powered.

[0042] In some embodiments, the first resistance torque is greater than or equal to 0.0005 N·m and less than or equal to 5 N·m. In this way, the motor shaft 111 rotating in the first rotation direction X1 is self-locked under the action of the first resistance torque, the motor 11 can work normally when powered, and the design difficulty of the resistance torque applying assembly 12 is reduced.

[0043] In some embodiments, the first resistance torque is greater than or equal to 0.0009 N-m and less than or equal to 1 N-m. In some embodiments, the first resistance torque is greater than or equal to 0.001 N-m and less than or equal to 0.5 N-m. In some embodiments, the first resistance torque is greater than or equal to 0.001 N-m and less than or equal to 0.01 N-m.

[0044] It can be appreciated that the first resistance torque can take any value between 0.0001 N-m and 10 N-m. Exemplarily, the first resistance torque can be 0.0001 N-m, 0.0005 N-m, 0.0008 N-m, 0.001 N-m, 0.005 N-m, 0.008 N-m, 0.01 N-m, 0.03 N-m, 0.05 N-m, 0.08 N-m, 0.1 N-m, 0.3 N-m, 0.5 N-m, 0.8 N-m, 1 N-m, 3 N-m, 5 N-m, 8 N-m, or 10 N-m. The resistance torque applying assembly 12 does not apply resistance torque to the motor shaft 111 or applies a second resistance torque to the motor shaft 111 which is small when the motor shaft 111 rotates in the second rotation direction X2. In this way, it is ensured that the motor shaft 111 can rotate easily when rotating in the second rotation direction X2 without power supply.

[0045] The resistance torque applying assembly 12 can not work or the resistance torque applying assembly 12 applies a resistance torque of 0 or tends to 0 to the motor shaft 111 when the motor shaft 111 rotates in the second rotation direction X2, so that the resistance torque applying assembly 12 does not apply resistance torque to the motor shaft 111 when the motor shaft 111 rotates in the second rotation direction X2.

[0046] The second resistance torque is opposite to the second rotation direction X2. In some embodiments, the second resistance torque is greater than 0 N-m and less than or equal to 5 N-m. In this way, the second resistance torque is small to ensure that the motor shaft 111 can rotate easily when rotating in the second rotation direction X2 without power supply, and to reduce the design difficulty of the resistance torque applying assembly 12.

[0047] In some embodiments, the second resistance torque is greater than 0.00001 N-m and less than or equal to 1 N-m. In this way, the second resistance torque is small to ensure that the motor shaft 111 can rotate easily when rotating in the second rotation direction X2 without power supply, and to reduce the design difficulty of the resistance torque applying assembly 12.

[0048] In some embodiments, the second resistance torque is greater than or equal to 0.00005 N-m and less than or equal to 0.5 N-m. In some embodiments, the second resistance torque is greater than or equal to 0.0001 N-m and less than or equal to 0.1 N-m. In some embodiments, the second resistance torque is greater than or equal to 0.000001 N-m and less than or equal to 0.01 N-m.

[0049] It can be understood that the second resistance torque can take any value greater than 0 N-m and less than or equal to 5 N-m. Exemplarily, the second resistance torque can be 0.000001 N-m, 0.000005 N-m, 0.000008 N-m, 0.00001 N-m, 0.00005 N-m, 0.00008 N-m, 0.0001 N-m, 0.0005 N-m, 0.0008 N-m, 0.001 N-m, 0.005 N-m, 0.008 N-m, 0.01 N-m, 0.05 N-m, 0.08 N-m, 0.1 N-m, 0.5 N-m, 0.8 N-m, 1 N-m, 1.5 N-m, 1.8 N-m, 2 N-m, 2.5 N-m, 2.8 N-m, 3 N-m, 3.5 N-m, 3.8 N-m, 4 N-m, 4.5 N-m, 4.8 N-m, or 5 N-m.

[0050] The first rotation direction X1 and the second rotation direction X2 are two different directions when the motor shaft 111 rotates. When the motor shaft rotates in the first rotation direction X1, the motor shaft is self-locked, and when the motor shaft rotates in the second rotation direction X2, the motor shaft is not self-locked, which is mainly related to the size of the resistance torque when the motor shaft rotates, and is not related to the direction of the resistance torque and the selection of the rotation direction.

[0051] As shown in FIGS. 1-2 and 5-6, in some embodiments, the resistance torque applying assembly 12 includes a first limiting structure 121. The first limiting structure 121 is configured to limit the movement of the motor shaft 111 along the first axial direction Z1 and apply a first resistance torque to the motor shaft 111 when the motor shaft 111 is subjected to an axial force in the first axial direction Z1 and a torque in the first rotation direction X1. Thus, when the motor shaft 111 is subjected to an axial force in the first axial direction Z1, the motor shaft 111 contacts the first limiting structure 121, and the first limiting structure 121 limits the movement of the motor shaft 111 along the first axial direction Z1. In the case where the motor shaft 111 contacts the first limiting structure 121, the rotation of the motor shaft 111 in the first rotation direction X1 relative to the first limiting structure 121 causes a frictional force between the two, thereby generating a first resistance torque. The greater the contact area between the first limiting structure 121 and the motor shaft 111 and the greater the axial force in the first axial direction Z1, the greater the first resistance torque.

[0052] In some embodiments, the first limiting structure 121 comprises a first annular structure 1211 and a second annular structure 1212. The first annular structure 1211 is disposed around and connected to the motor shaft 111, i.e. the first annular structure 1211 is disposed along the circumference of the motor shaft 111 and connected to the motor shaft 111. The second annular structure 1212 is disposed around the motor shaft 111, and the motor shaft 111 is rotatable in the second annular structure 1212. Under the action of the axial force of the first axial direction Z1, the motor shaft 111 drives the first annular structure 1211 and the second annular structure 1212 to abut, and the first annular structure 1211 rotates relative to the second annular structure 1212 when the motor shaft 111 rotates in the first rotational direction X1, thereby generating a first resistance torque. In this way, through the combined design of the first annular structure 1211 and the second annular structure 1212, when the motor shaft 111 is subjected to the axial force of the first axial direction Z1 and the torque of the first rotational direction X1, the first limiting structure 121 can limit the movement of the motor shaft 111 along the first axial direction Z1 and apply a first resistance torque to the motor shaft 111.

[0053] It can be understood that the first limiting structure 121 can also adopt other limiting structure designs.

[0054] As shown in FIGS. 2 and 6, the first annular structure 1211 has a first axial annular end face 1211A in the axial direction of the motor shaft 111, and the first axial annular end face 1211A faces the second annular structure 1212. The second annular structure 1212 has a second axial annular end face 1212B in the axial direction of the motor shaft 111, and the second axial annular end face 1212B faces the first annular structure 1211. When the first annular structure 1211 abuts against the second annular structure 1212, the first axial annular end face 1211A and the second axial annular end face 1212B abut against each other.

[0055] In some embodiments, the area of the first axial annular end face 1211A and the area of the second axial annular end face 1212B can be different. In this way, it is ensured that the two can better abut against each other and generate friction. In one embodiment, the area of the first axial annular end face 1211A can be greater than the area of the second axial annular end face 1212B. In another embodiment, the area of the first axial annular end face 1211A can be less than the area of the second axial annular end face 1212B. In yet another embodiment, the area of the first axial annular end face 1211A can be the same as the area of the second axial annular end face 1212B.

[0056] In some embodiments, at least one of the first axial annular end face 1211A and the second axial annular end face 1212B is rough. In this way, the contact area when the first axial annular end face 1211A and the second axial annular end face 1212B abut against each other is increased, thereby increasing the first resistance torque.

[0057] In some embodiments, the first annular structure 1211 can be integral with the motor shaft 111. The material of the first annular structure 1211 can be the same as that of the motor shaft 111, and the first annular structure 1211 and the motor shaft 111 can be manufactured simultaneously. The material of the first annular structure 1211 can also be different from that of the motor shaft 111, and the first annular structure 1211 can be formed on the motor shaft 111 by casting or the like.

[0058] In other embodiments, the first annular structure 1211 can also be detachably sleeved on the motor shaft 111.

[0059] In some embodiments, the motor 11 further comprises a motor housing 112 having a receiving cavity 112A, and the first annular structure 1211, the second annular structure 1212 and part of the motor shaft 111 are located in the receiving cavity 112A. In this way, the first annular structure 1211 and the second annular structure 1212 occupy less space outside the motor 11.

[0060] In some embodiments, a mounting groove of the second annular structure 1212 can be arranged in the receiving cavity 112A of the motor housing 112. The second annular structure 1212 can be mounted in the mounting groove.

[0061] In some embodiments, the first annular structure 1211 is arranged adjacent to the second annular structure 1212. In this way, the distance between the first annular structure 1211 and the second annular structure 1212 is small, and the first annular structure 1211 and the second annular structure 1212 are easy to abut.

[0062] In other embodiments, at least one of the first annular structure 1211 and the second annular structure 1212 can also be arranged outside the motor housing 112, so as to facilitate the installation and removal of the first limiting structure 121. For example, the first annular structure 1211 and the second annular structure 1212 are both arranged outside the motor housing 112.

[0063] In some embodiments, the first annular structure 1211 and the second annular structure 1212 are arranged along the axial direction of the motor housing 112. In this way, when the motor shaft 111 moves along the axial direction of the motor housing 112, the first annular structure 1211 and the second annular structure 1212 are more likely to abut and generate the first torque.

[0064] As shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 3, FIG. 5 and FIG. 7, the motor housing 112 further comprises a first opening 112B and a second opening 112C at two ends in the axial direction of the motor housing 112, both of which are in communication with the accommodating cavity 112A. The second opening 112C is located on the side of the first opening 112B away from the free end 111C of the motor shaft 111 in the axial direction of the motor housing 112. The free end 111C of the motor shaft 111 has axial movability.

[0065] In some embodiments, when the first annular structure 1211 and the second annular structure 1212 are located in the accommodating cavity 112A, the second annular structure 1212 is arranged close to the second opening 112C, and the first annular structure 1211 is located on the side of the second annular structure 1212 away from the second opening 112C.

[0066] In some embodiments, the motor 11 further comprises at least one guide structure arranged in the accommodating cavity 112A and in the axial direction of the motor housing 112, and the motor shaft 111 passes through the opening of the at least one guide structure to ensure that the motor shaft 111 moves linearly in the axial direction. In some embodiments, the guide structure includes but is not limited to a bearing. In some embodiments, the bearing includes but is not limited to a lubricated bearing.

[0067] As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 5, in some embodiments, the motor 11 comprises a first guide structure 1131 and a second guide structure 1132. The first guide structure 1131 is arranged adjacent to the first opening 112B, and the second guide structure 1132 is arranged adjacent to the second opening 112C. The motor shaft 111 passes through the openings of the first guide structure 1131 and the second guide structure 1132 to better ensure that the motor shaft 111 moves linearly in the axial direction.

[0068] In some embodiments, the second annular structure 1212 can be a guide structure, for example, the second guide structure 1132. In this way, the second annular structure 1212 plays a limiting role while also ensuring that the motor shaft 111 moves linearly in the axial direction, simplifying the structure of the driving device 100.

[0069] As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 5, in some embodiments, when the second annular structure 1212 is the second guide structure 1132, the motor shaft 111 passes through the second opening 112C, the opening of the second annular structure 1212, the opening of the first annular structure 1211, the accommodating cavity 112A, the opening of the first guide structure 1131 and the first opening 112B in sequence in the axial direction of the motor housing 112.

[0070] As shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 3, FIG. 5 and FIG. 7, in some embodiments, the driving device 100 can further comprise a third guiding structure 1133, which is disposed adjacent to the free end 111C of the motor shaft 111, and the motor shaft 111 passes through an opening of the third guiding structure 1133. In this way, the free end 111C of the motor shaft 111 is ensured to move linearly in the axial direction more stably. The third guiding structure 1133 can be a bearing.

[0071] As shown in FIG. 3 to FIG. 4, FIG. 7 and FIG. 8, in some embodiments, the resistance torque applying assembly 12 can further comprise a second limiting structure 122. The second limiting structure 122 is configured to limit the movement of the motor shaft 111 along the second axial direction Z2 and apply a second resistance torque to the motor shaft 111 when the motor shaft 111 is subjected to an axial force in the second axial direction Z2 and a torque in the second rotational direction X2. The first axial direction Z1 is opposite to the second axial direction Z2. In this way, when the motor shaft 111 is subjected to the axial force in the second axial direction Z2, the motor shaft 111 contacts the second limiting structure 122, and the second limiting structure 122 limits the movement of the motor shaft 111 along the second axial direction Z2. In the case that the motor shaft 111 contacts the second limiting structure 122, the rotation of the motor shaft 111 in the second rotational direction X2 relative to the second limiting structure 122 causes a frictional force between them, thereby generating the second resistance torque. The smaller the contact area between the second limiting structure 122 and the motor shaft 111, and the smaller the axial force in the second axial direction Z2, the smaller the second resistance torque.

[0072] The first axial direction Z1 and the second axial direction Z2 are two opposite directions in the axial direction of the motor shaft 111. In some embodiments, the axial force in the first axial direction Z1 is greater than the axial force in the second axial direction Z2. In this way, the first resistance torque generated by the axial force in the first axial direction Z1 is greater than the second resistance torque generated by the axial force in the second axial direction Z2.

[0073] In some embodiments, the second limiting structure 122 is disposed opposite to the free end 111C of the motor shaft 111 in the axial direction of the motor shaft 111. Under the action of the axial force in the second axial direction Z2, the free end 111C of the motor shaft 111 abuts against the second limiting structure 122, and the rotation of the free end 111C of the motor shaft 111 in the second rotational direction X2 relative to the second limiting structure 122 forms the second resistance torque. In this way, in order to facilitate the second limiting structure 122 being located at one end of the motor shaft 111 in the axial direction, the second limiting structure 122 better plays a limiting role. Moreover, the free end 111C of the motor shaft 111 and the second limiting structure 122 match with each other, and when the motor shaft 111 is subjected to the axial force in the second axial direction Z2 and the torque in the second rotational direction X2, the second limiting structure 122 limits the movement of the motor shaft 111 along the second axial direction Z2 and applies the second resistance torque to the motor shaft 111.

[0074] As shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 3, FIG. 5, FIG. 7 and FIG. 8, in some embodiments, the second limiting structure 122 can be arranged inside the outer shell 50 which is outside the driving device 100. The outer shell 50 can be a gear box which houses the transmission structure such as gears, but is not limited thereto. As shown in FIG. 5, FIG. 7 and FIG. 8, in some embodiments, the second limiting structure 122 can be a limiting block.

[0075] As shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, in other embodiments, the second limiting structure 122 can also be integrated with an external structure which is outside the driving device 100. The external structure can be the outer shell 50.

[0076] As shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 8, in some embodiments, the free end 111C of the motor shaft 111 has a convex end surface 111B which protrudes towards the second limiting structure 122. In this way, the contact area between the convex end surface 111B and the second limiting structure 122 is small, which reduces the friction area when the convex end surface 111B of the motor shaft 111 abuts against the second limiting structure 122, thereby reducing the second resistance torque and ensuring that the motor shaft 111 can rotate easily under the action of the second resistance torque.

[0077] In some embodiments, the convex end surface 111B comprises a curved surface, which includes but is not limited to at least one of a non-spherical curved surface, a spherical curved surface and an elliptical curved surface.

[0078] In some embodiments, when the first limiting structure 121 exerts the first resistance torque on the motor shaft 111, the first limiting structure 121 has a first friction area. When the second limiting structure 122 exerts the second resistance torque on the motor shaft 111, the second limiting structure 122 has a second friction area which is smaller than the first friction area. In this way, the first resistance torque (also referred to as the first friction torque) generated by the first friction area is larger, and the second resistance torque (also referred to as the second friction torque) generated by the second friction area is smaller.

[0079] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 6, the first friction area can be the contact area between the first axial annular end surface 1211A and the second axial annular end surface 1212B when they abut against each other. As shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 8, the second friction area can be the contact area between the first limiting structure 121 and the free end 111C of the motor shaft 111 when they abut against each other.

[0080] As shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 3, FIG. 5 and FIG. 7, in some embodiments, the motor shaft 111 is provided with a first transmission device 21, which is configured to make the motor shaft 111 bear axial force and torque in the direction of rotation under the action of external force. The first transmission device 21 can be located outside the motor housing 112, so as to facilitate the first transmission device 21 to transmit the driving force output by the motor shaft 111 and receive external force. The first transmission device 21 is arranged close to the free end 111C of the motor shaft 111.

[0081] In some embodiments, the first transmission device 21 comprises a helical tooth 211. When the external force is applied to the helical tooth 211, the helical tooth 211 simultaneously applies axial force and torque in the direction of rotation to the motor shaft 111. When the torque in two different directions is applied to the helical tooth 211, the torque in one direction makes the motor shaft 111 bear axial force in the first axial direction Z1 and torque in the first direction of rotation X1, and the torque in the other direction can make the motor shaft 111 bear axial force in the second axial direction Z2 and torque in the second direction of rotation X2.

[0082] In some embodiments, part of the motor shaft 111 is a worm 2311, and the worm 2311 comprises a helical tooth 211. In this way, the worm 2311 can convert the received external force into axial force and torque in the axial direction of the motor shaft 111.

[0083] In combination with the above, it can be known that for the driving device shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 3, FIG. 5 and FIG. 7, the motor shaft bears different resistance torques when rotating in two different directions of rotation, thereby realizing self-locking in one direction and non-self-locking in the other direction.

[0084] It should be noted that for the first resistance torque and the second resistance torque in the above, the calculation method of the two will be described below by taking the resistance torque applying assembly shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 3, FIG. 5 and FIG. 7 as an example. It can be understood that when the resistance torque applying assembly adopts other designs, the calculation formula of the first resistance torque and the second resistance torque can also adopt other ways.

[0085] For example, the calculation formula of the resistance torque is shown in the following formula (1):

[0086] Wherein, F is the axial thrust borne by the motor shaft, μ is the friction coefficient of the contact surface, R is the outer ring radius of the annular contact surface, and r is the inner ring radius of the annular contact surface. The friction coefficient of the contact surface is related to the material.

[0087] For the first resistance torque, F is equal to the axial force in the first axial direction Z1, R is equal to the radius of the outer ring of the annular contact surface formed by the contact between the first annular structure and the second annular structure when the two abut against each other, and r is the radius of the inner ring of the annular contact surface formed by the contact between the first annular structure and the second annular structure when the two abut against each other;

[0088] For the second resisting moment, F is equal to the axial force of the second axial direction Z2, R is equal to the radius of the contact surface formed by the contact of the convex end surface 111B and the second limiting structure 122 when the two are in abutment, and r is 0.

[0089] According to a second aspect of the present application, referring to FIGS. 9-20, the present application provides an actuator 200. The actuator 200 comprises the driving device 100 of any of the above embodiments. Thus, the design of the driving device 100 is advantageous for the motor shaft 111 of the actuator 200 to be self-locked when rotating in the first rotation direction X1 and not self-locked when rotating in the second rotation direction X2 when the motor 11 is not powered.

[0090] In some embodiments, the actuator 200 further comprises an output shaft 60 and a bidirectional transmission device 20. The output shaft 60 can not only receive the driving force output by the motor 11, but also receive external force. The bidirectional transmission device 20 is connected with the motor shaft 111 and the output shaft 60, and is configured to bidirectionally transmit power between the output shaft 60 and the motor shaft 111, i.e., the bidirectional transmission device 20 can transmit the driving force output by the motor shaft 111 to the output shaft 60 to drive an external driven device, and can also transmit the external force received by the output shaft 60 to the motor shaft 111 to drive the motor shaft 111 to rotate.

[0091] In some embodiments, as shown in FIGS. 9, 12, 15 and 18, the bidirectional transmission device 20 comprises a first transmission device 21, a second transmission device 22 and a third transmission device 23. The first transmission device 21 is arranged on the motor shaft 111. The second transmission device 22 is arranged on the output shaft 60. The third transmission device 23 is in transmission connection with the first transmission device 21 and the second transmission device 22. Thus, the bidirectional transmission of power between the output shaft 60 and the motor shaft 111 is achieved through the first transmission device 21, the second transmission device 22 and the third transmission device 23.

[0092] As shown in FIGS. 9, 12, 15 and 18, in some embodiments, the third transmission device 23 comprises a first transmission combination 231 and a second transmission combination 232. The first transmission combination 231 is arranged adjacent to and in transmission connection with the first transmission device 21. The second transmission combination 232 is arranged adjacent to the second transmission device 22 and is connected with the first transmission combination 231 and the second transmission device 22. Thus, at least two transmission combinations are used to better achieve the bidirectional transmission of power between the output shaft 60 and the motor shaft 111, while simplifying the structure of the third transmission device 23.

[0093] In some embodiments, the third transmission device 23 can further comprise a third transmission combination in transmission connection with the first transmission combination 231 and the second transmission combination 232.

[0094] It can be understood that the third transmission device 23 can also include one transmission combination or more than two transmission combinations.

[0095] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 15 and FIG. 18, in the case that the first transmission device 21 includes the helical tooth 211 arranged on the motor shaft 111, the first transmission combination 231 includes a worm 2311 and a first bevel gear 2312. The first bevel gear 2312 is coaxially connected with the worm 2311 and meshes with the helical tooth 211. The worm 2311 is in transmission connection with the second transmission combination 232. In this way, the transmission is realized through the first bevel gear 2312 and the helical tooth 211 on the motor shaft 111, and the transmission with the second transmission combination 232 is realized through the worm 2311.

[0096] It should be noted that the axial force of the first axial direction Z1 and the second axial direction Z2 in the above can be generated by the first bevel gear 2312 exerting force on the helical tooth 211 on the motor shaft 111.

[0097] In some embodiments, the worm 2311 can be a double worm 2311, and the first bevel gear 2312 can be a double bevel gear.

[0098] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 15 and FIG. 18, the second transmission combination 232 includes a second bevel gear 2321 and a first spur gear 2322. The second bevel gear 2321 meshes with the worm 2311. The first spur gear 2322 is coaxially arranged with the second bevel gear 2321 and meshes with the second transmission device 22. In this way, the transmission is realized through the second bevel gear 2321 and the worm 2311 of the first transmission combination 231, and the transmission is realized through the first spur gear 2322 and the second transmission device 22.

[0099] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 15 and FIG. 18, the second transmission combination 232 further includes a first shaft 2325, and the second bevel gear 2321 and the first spur gear 2322 are connected on the first shaft. In this way, the coaxial connection of the second bevel gear 2321 and the first spur gear 2322 is realized.

[0100] It should be noted that the two-stage worm gear 2311 and the one-stage parallel shaft gear assembly in the bidirectional transmission device 20 shown in FIG. 15 and FIG. 18 are all non-self-locking and can be bidirectionally driven to operate.

[0101] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 15 and FIG. 18, the extension direction of the worm 2311 intersects the extension direction of the motor shaft 111, and the extension direction of the first shaft 2325 intersects the extension direction of the worm 2311 and is parallel to the extension directions of the motor shaft 111 and the output shaft 60. In this way, the overall structure shown in FIG. 15 and FIG. 18 is arranged in an L shape.

[0102] In some embodiments, as shown in FIGS. 19 and 20, the overall structure shown in FIGS. 15 and 18 is arranged in the actuator 200 housing, the actuator 200 is L-shaped, which is more conducive to platform application, and the connector does not additionally occupy the space of the vehicle in some directions.

[0103] In some embodiments, as shown in FIGS. 9 and 12, the first transmission device 21 includes a helical tooth 211 arranged on the motor shaft 111, and the first transmission combination 231 includes a third helical gear 2313 and a second spur gear 2314. The third helical gear 2313 is engaged with the helical tooth 211. The second spur gear 2314 is coaxially arranged with the third helical gear 2313 and is drivingly connected with the second transmission combination 232. The transmission is achieved through the third helical gear 2313 and the helical tooth 211 on the motor shaft 111, and the transmission with the second transmission combination 232 is achieved through the second spur gear 2314.

[0104] In some embodiments, the first transmission combination 231 further includes a second shaft 2315, and the third helical gear 2313 and the second spur gear 2314 are connected to the second shaft 2315. In this way, the coaxial connection of the third helical gear 2313 and the second spur gear 2314 is achieved.

[0105] In some embodiments, as shown in FIGS. 9 and 12, the second transmission combination 232 includes a third spur gear 2323 and a fourth spur gear 2324. The third spur gear 2323 is engaged with the second spur gear 2314. The fourth spur gear 2324 is coaxially arranged with the third spur gear 2323 and is engaged with the second transmission device 22. In this way, the transmission is achieved through the third spur gear 2323 and the first transmission combination 231, and the transmission is achieved through the fourth spur gear 2324 and the second transmission device 22.

[0106] In some embodiments, the second transmission combination 232 further includes a third shaft 2326, and the third spur gear 2323 and the fourth spur gear 2324 are connected to the third shaft 2326. In this way, the coaxial connection of the third spur gear 2323 and the fourth spur gear 2324 is achieved.

[0107] It should be noted that the one-stage worm gear 2311 and the two-stage parallel shaft gear assembly in the bidirectional transmission device 20 shown in FIGS. 9 and 12 are not self-locking and can be driven to operate in both directions.

[0108] It should be noted that the axial forces of the first axial direction Z1 and the second axial direction Z2 in the above can be generated by the third helical gear 2313 exerting force on the helical tooth 211 on the motor shaft 111.

[0109] In some embodiments, as shown in FIGS. 9 and 12, the extending direction of the second shaft 2315 intersects with the extending direction of the motor shaft 111, and the extending direction of the second shaft 2315 is the same as the extending direction of the third shaft 2326 and the output shaft 60. In this way, the structure shown in FIGS. 9 and 12 is arranged in a plane as a whole.

[0110] In some embodiments, as shown in FIGS. 13 and 14, when the overall structure shown in FIGS. 9 and 12 is arranged in the housing of the actuator 200, the actuator 200 is arranged in a plane as a whole, which is more conducive to platformization application, and the connector does not additionally occupy the space of the vehicle in some directions.

[0111] In some embodiments, as shown in FIGS. 9 to 12 and FIGS. 15 to 18, the second transmission device 22 includes an output gear 233 rotatably sleeved on the output shaft 60. The output gear 233 is a spur gear.

[0112] It should be noted that the design of the bidirectional transmission device 20 is not limited to the structure design shown in FIGS. 9, 12, 15 and 18, and other bidirectional transmission devices 20 capable of bidirectional power transmission can also be used.

[0113] As shown in FIGS. 10 and 16, in some embodiments, the actuator 200 further includes a clutch device 30. The clutch device 30 includes a first clutch part 301 and a second clutch part 302. The first clutch part 301 is sleeved on the output shaft 60, and the second clutch part 302 is movably sleeved on the output shaft 60 and fixedly connected to the second transmission device 22. When the first clutch part 301 and the second clutch part 302 are coupled, the torque is transmitted between the second transmission device 22 and the output shaft 60. When the first clutch part 301 and the second clutch part 302 are decoupled, the transmission of torque between the second transmission device 22 and the output shaft 60 is interrupted.

[0114] In some embodiments, as shown in FIGS. 10 and 16, the first clutch part 301 includes a plurality of first protrusions and a plurality of first recesses alternately arranged along the circumference thereof. The second clutch part 302 includes a plurality of second protrusions and a plurality of second recesses alternately arranged along the circumference thereof. As shown in (B) of FIG. 10 and (B) of FIG. 16, when the first clutch part 301 and the second clutch part 302 are coupled, the first protrusions are located in the second recesses, and the second protrusions are located in the first recesses. As shown in (A) of FIG. 10 and (A) of FIG. 16, when the first clutch part 301 and the second clutch part 302 are decoupled, the plurality of first protrusions and the plurality of second protrusions abut each other.

[0115] In some embodiments, as shown in FIGS. 10 and 16, the first clutch part 301 includes a plurality of first protrusions and a plurality of first recesses alternately arranged along the circumference thereof. The second clutch part 302 includes a plurality of second protrusions and a plurality of second recesses alternately arranged along the circumference thereof. As shown in (B) of FIG. 10 and (B) of FIG. 16, when the first clutch part 301 and the second clutch part 302 are coupled, the first protrusions are located in the second recesses, and the second protrusions are located in the first recesses. As shown in (A) of FIG. 10 and (A) of FIG. 16, when the first clutch part 301 and the second clutch part 302 are decoupled, the plurality of first protrusions and the plurality of second protrusions abut each other.

[0116] As shown in FIG. 11 and FIG. 17, in the case that the second transmission device 22 comprises an output gear 233, the output gear 233 is rotatably sleeved on the output shaft 60, and the second clutching part 302 is fixed on the output gear 233. The clutching device 30 further comprises a circumferential limiting part 304 and an elastic member 303. The circumferential limiting part 304 is arranged along the circumference of the output shaft 60. The elastic member 303 is sleeved on the output shaft 60 and arranged between the circumferential limiting part 304 and the output gear 233, and elastically pushes the output gear 233 to provide a pre-tightening force of the second clutching part 302 towards the first clutching part 301. In this way, the elastic pre-tightening force of the elastic member 303 on the output gear 233 is used to ensure that the second clutching part 302 and the first clutching part 301 are coupled together. When the torque applied to the output gear 233 is large enough to overcome the elastic pre-tightening force of the elastic member 303 on the output gear 233, the second clutching part 302 and the first clutching part 301 can be decoupled.

[0117] In some embodiments, the elastic member 303 comprises but is not limited to a spring, which is movably sleeved on the output shaft 60.

[0118] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 11, the actuator 200 further comprises an elastic ring 307 movably sleeved on the output shaft 60, and the elastic ring 307 is located between the circumferential limiting part 304 and the end of the output shaft 60. In some embodiments, the elastic ring 307 can be an O-shaped sealing ring.

[0119] As shown in FIG. 11 and FIG. 17, the actuator 200 further comprises an axial stopper 305 sleeved on the output shaft 60. The axial stopper 305 is located on the side of the first clutching part 301 away from the second clutching part 302. In this way, the axial stopper 305 plays a role in preventing the first clutching part 301 from moving in the axial direction. As shown in FIG. 11, the axial stopper 305 can be an annular elastic baffle ring. As shown in FIG. 17, the axial stopper 305 can be an open baffle ring.

[0120] As shown in FIG. 9, FIG. 12, FIG. 15 and FIG. 18, in some embodiments, the driving device 100 further comprises a first rotation detection device 401 fixed on the motor 11 and configured to detect a rotation parameter of the motor shaft 111 when the motor shaft 111 rotates. The rotation parameter can be at least one of the rotation direction, the rotation speed and the rotation stroke of the motor shaft 111. In this way, by detecting the rotation parameter of the motor shaft 111, the state of the motor shaft 111 is monitored to facilitate the control of the motor shaft 111.

[0121] In some embodiments, the first rotation detecting device 401 comprises a magnetic ring 4011 and at least one Hall sensor 4012. The magnetic ring 4011 is connected with the motor shaft 111 and configured to rotate with the motor shaft 111 when the motor shaft 111 rotates. The at least one Hall sensor 4012 is arranged on the motor 11 and configured to sense the magnetic field change of the magnetic ring 4011 when the motor shaft 111 rotates.

[0122] In some embodiments, the first rotation detecting device 401 can further comprise a circuit board such as a printed circuit board 4013, which is fixed on the motor housing 112. The at least one Hall sensor 4012 is fixed on the circuit board.

[0123] In some embodiments, one Hall sensor 4012 is fixed on the circuit board and can detect the rotation speed of the motor shaft 111 when the motor shaft 111 rotates. In other embodiments, two Hall sensors 4012 are arranged on the circuit board at intervals and can detect the rotation direction of the motor shaft 111 when the motor shaft 111 rotates. In addition, when one or two Hall sensors 4012 are fixed on the circuit board, the motor 11 can have a single-channel Hall or double-channel Hall output function, so as to realize the open / close obstacle-reversing-backoff or hovering function of the externally driven device driven by the motor 11.

[0124] In other embodiments, as shown in FIG. 12 and FIG. 18, the actuator 200 further comprises a second rotation detecting device 402, which is connected with the output shaft 60 and configured to detect the rotation parameter of the output shaft 60 when the output shaft 60 rotates. In this way, the rotation condition of the output shaft 60 is monitored by the second rotation detecting device 402.

[0125] In other embodiments, the second rotation detecting device 402 can comprise a potentiometer 4021, which is connected with the output shaft 60 to detect the rotation angle of the output shaft 60. In addition, the actuator 200 has a potentiometer 4021 signal output function, which can realize the open / close obstacle-reversing-backoff or hovering function of the externally driven device driven by the motor 11.

[0126] According to a third aspect of the present application, referring to FIG. 21 to FIG. 24, the present application provides a lid assembly 300. The lid assembly 300 comprises a lid 3001 and the actuator 200 of any of the above embodiments. The actuator 200 is connected with the lid 3001.

[0127] Based on the design of the actuator 200, when a first external force for opening the lid 3001 in the closed position is applied, the first external force drives the motor shaft 111 to rotate in the first rotation direction X1 through the bidirectional transmission device 20. When a second external force for closing the lid in the open position is applied, the second external force drives the motor shaft 111 to rotate in the second rotation direction X2 through the bidirectional transmission device 20, and the minimum value of the second external force is smaller than the minimum value of the first external force. In this way, the second external force for closing the lid can drive the motor shaft 111 to rotate in the second rotation direction X2, facilitating the detection of the motor shaft 111 in the second rotation direction X2 to start the motor 11 to drive the lid 3001 to close, so that the actuator 200 has a follow-up function, thereby reducing the second external force required to close the lid and improving the experience of closing the lid 3001. Moreover, the minimum value of the second external force for closing the lid is smaller than the minimum value of the first external force for opening the lid, which reduces the second external force for closing the lid while increasing the minimum value of the first external force, thereby reducing the risk of incorrect opening of the lid under the action of the external force and improving the safety of the lid when closing.

[0128] It should be noted that in the present application, opening the lid includes the cases of completely opening the lid and partially opening the lid. When the lid is completely opened, the lid is rotated from the closed position to the completely open position; when the lid is partially opened, the lid is rotated from the closed position to a position between the completely open position and the closed position.

[0129] In some embodiments, the ratio of the minimum value of the first external force to the minimum value of the second external force is greater than or equal to 1.5 and less than or equal to 20. In this way, the ratio of the minimum value of the first external force to the minimum value of the second external force is relatively large, ensuring that the minimum value of the first external force is relatively large and the minimum value of the second external force is relatively small, which better improves the safety of the lid when closing and reduces the second external force required to close the lid, thereby improving the experience of closing the lid 3001.

[0130] In some embodiments, the ratio of the minimum value of the first external force to the minimum value of the second external force is 2-15, 5-10, or 1-15.

[0131] It can be understood that the ratio of the minimum value of the first external force to the minimum value of the second external force can be any value between 1.5 and 20. For example, the ratio of the minimum value of the first external force to the minimum value of the second external force can be 1.5, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, or 20.

[0132] In some embodiments, the minimum value of the first external force is greater than or equal to 5 N and less than or equal to 50 N. In this way, the minimum value of the first external force is appropriate, which reduces the risk of incorrect opening of the lid under the action of the external force and improves the safety of the lid when closing, and also ensures that the lid can be manually opened.

[0133] In some embodiments, the minimum value of the first external force is greater than or equal to 8 N and less than or equal to 40 N. In some embodiments, the minimum value of the first external force is greater than or equal to 10 N and less than or equal to 35 N. In some embodiments, the minimum value of the first external force is greater than or equal to 15 N and less than or equal to 30 N.

[0134] It can be understood that the minimum value of the first external force can be any value between 5 N and 50 N. Exemplarily, the minimum value of the first external force can be 5 N, 8 N, 10 N, 15 N, 18 N, 20 N, 25 N, 28 N, 30 N, 35 N, 38 N, 40 N, 45 N, 48 N or 50 N.

[0135] In some embodiments, the minimum value of the second external force is greater than or equal to 0.5 N and less than or equal to 20 N. In this way, the minimum value of the second external force required to close the lid is reduced, improving the experience of closing the lid 3001.

[0136] In some embodiments, the minimum value of the second external force is greater than or equal to 1 N and less than or equal to 18 N. In some embodiments, the minimum value of the second external force is greater than or equal to 3 N and less than or equal to 15 N.

[0137] It can be understood that the minimum value of the second external force can be any value between 0.5 N and 20 N. Exemplarily, the minimum value of the second external force can be 0.5 N, 1 N, 2 N, 3 N, 4 N, 5 N, 6 N, 7 N, 8 N, 9 N, 10 N, 11 N, 12 N, 13 N, 14 N, 15 N, 16 N, 17 N, 18 N, 19 N or 20 N.

[0138] It should be noted that the minimum value of the first external force and the minimum value of the second external force can be detected by a force gauge.

[0139] The force gauge detects the minimum value of the first external force in the following way: when the lid is in the fully closed position, the force gauge detects the minimum value of the first external force required to open the lid at the test position. The test position is any position within a region 0 mm to 50 mm from the edge of the lid. When detecting, the angle between the direction of the force exerted by the force gauge on the lid and the plane of the lid is 70° to 110°. The way of opening the lid can be fully open or partially open. The lid can be opened horizontally or vertically.

[0140] The force gauge detects the minimum value of the second external force in the following manner: when the door is in the fully open position or the partially open position, the force gauge detects the minimum value of the second external force required to close the door at a test position. The test position is any position within a region 0-50 mm from the edge of the door. During detection, the angle between the direction of the force applied by the force gauge to the door and the plane of the door is 70-110°. The door can be closed horizontally or vertically.

[0141] In some embodiments, the door assembly 300 further comprises a control device (not shown in the figure), which is configured to detect the rotation of the motor shaft 111 in the second rotation direction X2 when the second external force is applied to the door in the open position to close the door, and / or to detect that the angle of rotation of the output shaft 60 under the second external force exceeds a preset angle, and to control the motor 11 to be powered on. When the motor 11 is powered on, the motor shaft 111 of the motor 11 drives the door to close through the bidirectional transmission device 20 and the output shaft 60. In this way, the second external force for closing the door is detected by detecting the rotation of the motor shaft 111 and / or the output shaft 60 under the second external force. When the second external force for closing the door is detected, the motor 11 is powered on and drives the door 3001 to close, and the size of the second external force is reduced to achieve the follow-up function of the actuator 200, so as to ensure that the door is closed with a better hand feel.

[0142] It should be noted that the design of the first limiting structure 121 and the second limiting structure 122 described above can be used to detect the second external force for closing the door due to the non-self-locking function of the motor shaft 111 when rotating in the second rotation direction X2.

[0143] In some embodiments, the door assembly further comprises a rotation detection device 40, which is connected to the control device and is configured to detect the rotation parameter of at least one of the motor shaft 111 and the output shaft 60.

[0144] In some embodiments, the rotation detection device 40 can include at least one of the first rotation detection device 401 and the second rotation detection device 402 described above.

[0145] In some embodiments, when a first external force is applied to the cover 3001 in the closed position to open the cover 3001, the first clutch portion 301 and the second clutch portion 302 are decoupled under the action of the first external force. Under the first external force, the motor shaft 111 rotates in the first rotation direction X1, and the motor shaft 111 rotating in the first rotation direction X1 is self-locked under the action of the first limiting structure 121. After the motor shaft 111 is self-locked, the bidirectional transmission device 20, the output shaft 60, and the second clutch portion 302 on the output shaft 60 cannot rotate. When the second external force is greater than the elastic pre-tightening force of the elastic member 303 applied to the second clutch portion 302, the first clutch portion 301 and the second clutch portion 302 are decoupled, and the cover 3001 is forcibly opened under the second external force.

[0146] In some embodiments, when a second external force is applied to the cover in the open position to close the cover, or the motor 11 is energized and drives the cover to open or close through the bidirectional transmission device 20 and the output shaft 60, the first clutch portion 301 and the second clutch portion 302 are coupled to each other. In this way, it is ensured that the clutch device 30 is coupled when the cover is electrically opened, closed, or manually closed, thereby transmitting torque.

[0147] In some embodiments, the coupling torque of the clutch device 30 is greater than the stall torque of the actuator 200. In this way, when the cover is electrically opened or closed, the clutch device 30 is coupled and torque is transmitted, and the stall torque of the actuator 200 can be transmitted without decoupling.

[0148] In some embodiments, as shown in FIGS. 21 and 23, the cover assembly can further include a position switch 3002.

[0149] In some embodiments, 1 position switch 3002 and a Hall sensor 4012 on the motor 11 can identify the opening and closing modes of the motor 11. When the cover is in the open state and is electrically closed, the actuator 200 Hall (also the Hall sensor 4012 on the motor 11) is 0, and the position switch is in the closed state. When the cover is in the closed state and is electrically opened, the actuator 200 outputs a certain number of Hall, and the position switch is in the open state. When the cover is in the open state and is manually closed under the second external force, the actuator 200 outputs a certain number of Hall, and the position switch is in the closed state. When the cover is in the closed state and is manually opened, the actuator 200 Hall number does not change, and the position switch is in the open state.

[0150] In other embodiments, the two position switches and the Hall sensor 4012 on the motor 11 can identify the opening and closing modes of the motor 11. When the lid is in the open state and is electrically closed, the actuator 200 Hall returns to 0, the first position switch is in the closed state, and the second position switch is in the open state. When the lid is in the closed state and is electrically opened, the actuator 200 outputs a certain number of Hall, the first position switch is in the open state, and the second position switch is in the closed state. When the lid is in the open state and is manually closed under the second external force, the actuator 200 outputs a certain number of Hall, the first position switch is in the closed state, and the second position switch is in the open state. When the lid is in the closed state and is manually opened under the first external force, the actuator 200 Hall has no change, the first position switch is in the open state, and the second position switch is in the open state.

[0151] In some embodiments, the actuator 200 has a concentric structure including a positioning pin and a positioning sleeve. When the positioning pin and the positioning sleeve are assembled with the lid body, the concentricity of the assembled output shaft 60 and the lid connecting lid rotating shaft can be ensured, and the stability during transmission can be improved.

[0152] The process of the actuator 200 shown in FIGS. 9 and 15 to close the lid under the first external force and open the lid under the second external force is described below.

[0153] When the lid is in the closed position and is manually opened by the first external force, the lid rotating shaft connected to the lid drives the non-self-locking bidirectional transmission device 20 to the motor shaft 111, and the first external force can make the motor shaft 111 bear the first axial force Z1 and the first rotation direction X1 torque. Under the action of the first axial force Z1, the first annular structure 1211 contacts the second annular structure 1212, and the friction torque generated increases with the increase of the axial force, realizing the self-locking of the motor shaft 111. Continue to increase the size of the first external force, so that the first clutch part 301 and the second clutch part 302 of the clutch device 30 are dynamically decoupled, and the clutch device 30 is decoupled, that is, the strong opening function of the lid is realized. Continued to move a certain angle (for example, 90°), will make the clutch device 30 enter the next coupling position and re-couple. The first external force is large, and also realizes a certain anti-play function.

[0154] When the lid is in the open position, the lid rotating shaft drives the non-self-locking bidirectional transmission device 20 to the motor shaft 111 manually by using a second external force, which can cause the motor shaft 111 to be subjected to an axial force in the second axial direction Z2 and a torque in the second rotational direction X2. Under the action of the axial force in the second axial direction Z2, the free end 111C of the motor shaft 111 is in contact with the second limiting structure 122, the contact area is small, the generated friction torque is small, and the motor shaft 111 can be easily rotated under the action of the torque. The magnetic ring 4011 on the motor shaft 111 rotates together, and the Hall sensor 4012 on the circuit board detects the rotation of the motor shaft 111 and transmits the signal sensed by the Hall sensor 4012 to the control device. The control device drives the entire actuator 200 to complete the closing of the lid, that is, the follow-up function is realized. The second external force is relatively small, and the customer experience is good.

[0155] The working mode of the actuator 200 shown in FIGS. 12 and 18 for realizing the forced opening function of the lid is the same as that of the actuator 200 shown in FIGS. 9 and 15, and will not be described here. The working mode of the actuator 200 shown in FIGS. 12 and 18 for realizing the follow-up function of the lid is also basically similar to that of the actuator 200 shown in FIGS. 9 and 15, and the same parts will not be described here. The difference lies in that when the output shaft 60 rotates under the action of the second external force, the potentiometer 4021 on the output shaft 60 detects that the output shaft 60 rotates by an angle, transmits the signal sensed by the potentiometer 4021 to the control device, and the control device controls the actuator 200 to be electrically driven to close the lid, realizing the follow-up function.

[0156] As shown in FIG. 25, according to the fourth aspect of the present application, the present application also provides a vehicle 400, which comprises the lid assembly 300 described above.

[0157] Some embodiments of the present application have at least the following beneficial effects.

[0158] (1) The bidirectional transmission device of the actuator can be bidirectionally transmitted without self-locking. However, under the action of the first limiting structure and the second limiting structure, the entire transmission system can be reversely driven under the action of an external force to realize self-locking in one direction and non-self-locking in the other direction. The self-locking direction realizes the forced opening function of the lid, and the non-self-locking direction realizes the follow-up function of the lid.

[0159] (2) When the actuator is forced to close under the action of the second external force, the internal transmission system is not self-locking, and only a small second external force is needed to easily rotate the lid to realize the follow-up function, so that the hand feeling when the lid is closed can be better.

[0160] (3) When the actuator is forced to open under the action of the first external force, the internal transmission system is self-locking, a larger force needs to be applied to decouple the clutch device to realize the forced opening function, and the safety when the lid is closed can be ensured.

[0161] (4) The actuator can quickly execute the electric closing of the cover after sensing the action of the user manually closing the cover, giving the user a more intelligent experience in the electric closing scenario.

[0162] (5) The design of the bidirectional transmission assembly adopted by the actuator makes the actuator more suitable for platform application.

[0163] (6) The actuator adopts a Hall sensor and / or a potentiometer. In the follow-up function, the Hall sensor detects the signal of the rotation of the motor shaft and / or the potentiometer detects the rotation angle of the output shaft, which are transmitted to the control device.

[0164] The above descriptions of the embodiments are only used to help understand the technical solutions of the present application and the core ideas thereof; those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments can still be modified, or some technical features thereof can be replaced equivalently; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

A flap assembly (300) comprising: a flap (3001); and an actuator (200) connected with the flap (3001) and comprising: a motor (11) comprising a motor shaft (111); and a bidirectional transmission (20) connected with the motor shaft (111) and the flap (3001) and configured to bidirectionally transmit power between the motor shaft (111) and the flap (3001); wherein when a first external force, which opens the flap (3001), is applied to the flap (3001) in a closed position, the first external force can drive the motor shaft (111) to rotate in a first rotation direction (X1) to open the flap (3001) through the bidirectional transmission (20); and when a second external force, which closes the flap (3001), is applied to the flap (3001) in an open position, the second external force can drive the motor shaft (111) to rotate in a second rotation direction (X2) to close the flap (3001) through the bidirectional transmission (20), a minimum value of the second external force is less than a minimum value of the first external force, and the first rotation direction (X1) is opposite to the second rotation direction (X2). The flap assembly (300) according to claim 1, wherein The motor (11) further comprises a resistance torque applying assembly (12) configured to apply a first resistance torque to the motor shaft (111) when the motor shaft (111) rotates in the first rotation direction (X1). The flap assembly (300) according to claim 2, wherein The resistance torque applying assembly (12) is further configured to not apply a resistance torque or apply a second resistance torque to the motor shaft (111) when the motor shaft (111) rotates in the second rotation direction (X2), the first resistance torque being greater than the second resistance torque. The flap assembly (300) according to claim 3, wherein The resistance torque applying assembly (12) comprises: a first limiting structure (121) configured to limit movement of the motor shaft (111) in a first axial direction (Z1) and apply the first resistance torque to the motor shaft (111) when the motor shaft (111) is subjected to an axial force in the first axial direction (Z1) and a torque in the first rotation direction (X1) under the first external force. The flap assembly (300) according to claim 4, wherein The resistance torque applying assembly (12) comprises: a second limiting structure (122) configured to limit movement of the motor shaft (111) in a second axial direction (Z2) and apply the second resistance torque to the motor shaft (111) when the motor shaft (111) is subjected to an axial force in the second axial direction (Z2) and a torque in the second rotation direction (X2) under the second external force, the first axial direction (Z1) being opposite to the second axial direction (Z2). The flap assembly (300) according to claim 5, wherein The first limiting structure (121) has a first friction area when the first limiting structure (121) applies the first resistance torque to the motor shaft (111); and The second limiting structure (122) has a second friction area when the second limiting structure (122) applies the second resistance torque to the motor shaft (111), the second friction area being less than the first friction area. The flap assembly (300) according to any one of claims 4 to 6, wherein The first limiting structure (121) comprises a first annular structure (1211) and a second annular structure (1212), the first annular structure (1211) is arranged around the motor shaft (111) and connected to the motor shaft (111), and the second annular structure (1212) is arranged around the motor shaft (111); under the action of the axial force in the first axial direction (Z1), the motor shaft (111) drives the first annular structure (1211) and the second annular structure (1212) to abut, and the first annular structure (1211) rotates relative to the second annular structure (1212) when the motor shaft (111) rotates in the first rotation direction (X1), thereby generating the first resistance torque. The flap assembly (300) according to claim 7, wherein The motor (11) further comprises a motor housing (112) having a receiving cavity (112A), and the first annular structure (1211) and the second annular structure (1212) are located in the receiving cavity (112A). The flap assembly (300) according to claim 7 or 8, wherein The first annular structure (1211) is arranged adjacent to the second annular structure (1212). The flap assembly (300) according to any one of claims 7 to 9, wherein The second annular structure (1212) is a guide structure. The flap assembly (300) according to claim 5 or 6, wherein The second limiting structure (122) is arranged opposite to the free end (111C) of the motor shaft (111) in the axial direction of the motor shaft (111); and Under the action of the axial force in the second axial direction (Z2), the free end (111C) of the motor shaft (111) abuts against the second limiting structure (122), and when the free end (111C) of the motor shaft (111) rotates relative to the second limiting structure (122) in the second rotation direction (X2), the second resistance torque is generated. The flap assembly (300) according to claim 11, wherein The free end (111C) of the motor shaft (111) has a convex end face (111B) protruding towards the second limiting structure (122). The flap assembly (300) according to any one of claims 3 to 12, wherein The second resistance torque is greater than 0 N·m and less than or equal to 5 N·m. The flap assembly (300) according to any one of claims 2 to 13, wherein The first resistance torque is greater than or equal to 0.0001 N·m and less than or equal to 10 N·m. The flap assembly (300) according to any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein The actuator (200) further comprises an output shaft (60) connected with the flap (3001) and the bidirectional transmission device (20), and the flap assembly (300) further comprises: The control device is configured to, when a second external force for closing the flap (3001) is applied to the flap (3001) in the open position, detect that the motor shaft (111) rotates in the second rotation direction (X2), and / or detect that the angle of rotation of the output shaft (60) under the second external force exceeds a preset angle, control the motor (11) to be powered on, and the motor shaft (111) of the motor (11) powered on drives the flap (3001) to be closed through the bidirectional transmission device (20) and the output shaft (60). The flap assembly (300) according to claim 15, further comprising: A rotation detection device (40) is connected with the control device and is configured to detect a rotation parameter of at least one of the motor shaft (111) and the output shaft (60). The flap assembly (300) according to claim 16, wherein The rotation detection device (40) comprises a first rotation detection device (401) connected with the motor shaft (111) and configured to detect a rotation parameter of the motor shaft (111). The flap assembly (300) according to claim 16 or 17, wherein The rotation detection device (40) comprises a second rotation detection device (402) connected with the output shaft (60) and configured to detect a rotation parameter of the output shaft (60). The flap assembly (300) according to any one of claims 1 to 18, wherein The actuator (200) further comprises an output shaft (60) connected with the door cover (3001) and the bidirectional transmission device (20), the bidirectional transmission device (20) comprising a second transmission device (22) rotatably sleeved on the output shaft (60); the actuator (200) further comprises: A clutch device (30) comprising a first clutch part (301) sleeved on the output shaft (60) and a second clutch part (302) movably sleeved on the output shaft (60) and connected with the second transmission device (22); When a first external force for opening the door cover (3001) in a closed position is applied, the first clutch part (301) and the second clutch part (302) are decoupled under the action of the first external force. The flap assembly (300) according to claim 19, wherein When a second external force for closing the door cover (3001) in an open position is applied, or the motor (11) is powered on and drives the door cover (3001) to open or close through the bidirectional transmission device (20) and the output shaft (60), the first clutch part (301) and the second clutch part (302) are coupled with each other. The flap assembly (300) according to claim 19 or 20, wherein The clutch device (30) further comprises: A circumferential limiting part (304) arranged along the circumference of the output shaft (60); and An elastic member (303) sleeved on the output shaft (60) and arranged between the circumferential limiting part (304) and the second transmission device (22) and elastically pushing the second transmission device (22) to provide a pre-tightening force of the second clutch part (302) towards the first clutch part (301). The flap assembly (300) according to any one of claims 1 to 21, wherein The actuator (200) further comprises an output shaft (60) connected with the door cover (3001) and the bidirectional transmission device (20), the bidirectional transmission device (20) comprising: A first transmission device (21) arranged on the motor shaft (111); A second transmission device (22) arranged on the output shaft (60); and A third transmission device (23) in transmission connection with the first transmission device (21) and the second transmission device (22). The flap assembly (300) according to claim 22, wherein The first transmission device (21) comprises a helical gear (211) arranged on the motor shaft (111). The flap assembly (300) according to claim 22 or 23, wherein The third transmission device (23) comprises: a first transmission assembly (231) arranged adjacent to the first transmission device (21) and in transmission connection therewith; and a second transmission assembly (232) arranged adjacent to the second transmission device (22) and in transmission connection with the first transmission assembly (231) and the second transmission device (22). The flap assembly (300) according to claim 24, wherein The first transmission device (21) comprises a helical gear (211) arranged on the motor shaft (111); the first transmission assembly (231) comprises: a worm (2311) in transmission connection with the second transmission assembly (232); and a first helical gear (2312) coaxially connected with the worm (2311) and in meshing connection with the helical gear (211). The flap assembly (300) according to claim 25, wherein The second transmission assembly (232) comprises: a second helical gear (2321) in meshing connection with the worm (2311); and a first spur gear (2322) coaxially arranged with the second helical gear (2321) and in meshing connection with the second transmission device (22). The flap assembly (300) according to claim 26, wherein The second transmission assembly (232) further comprises a first shaft (2325) to which the second helical gear (2321) and the first spur gear (2322) are connected. The flap assembly (300) according to claim 27, wherein The extension direction of the worm (2311) intersects the extension direction of the motor shaft (111), and the extension direction of the first shaft (2325) intersects the extension direction of the worm (2311) and is parallel to the extension directions of the motor shaft (111) and the output shaft (60). The flap assembly (300) according to any one of claims 24 to 28, wherein The first transmission device (21) comprises a helical gear (211) arranged on the motor shaft (111); the first transmission assembly (231) comprises: a third helical gear (2313) in meshing connection with the helical gear (211); and a second spur gear (2314) coaxially arranged with the third helical gear (2313) and in transmission connection with the second transmission assembly (232). The flap assembly (300) according to claim 29, wherein The first transmission assembly (231) further comprises a second shaft (2315) to which the third helical gear (2313) and the second spur gear (2314) are connected. The flap assembly (300) according to claim 29 or 30, wherein The second transmission assembly (232) comprises: a third spur gear (2323) in meshing connection with the second spur gear (2314); and a fourth spur gear (2324) coaxially arranged with the third spur gear (2323) and in meshing connection with the second transmission device (22). The flap assembly (300) according to claim 31, wherein The second transmission assembly (232) further comprises a third shaft (2326) to which the third spur gear (2323) and the fourth spur gear (2324) are connected. The flap assembly (300) according to claim 32, wherein The first transmission assembly (231) further comprises a second shaft (2315) to which the third helical gear (2313) and the second spur gear (2314) are connected; The extending direction of the second shaft (2315) intersects with the extending direction of the motor shaft (111), and the extending direction of the second shaft (2315) is the same as the extending direction of the third shaft (2326) and the output shaft (60). The flap assembly (300) according to any one of claims 22 to 33, wherein The second transmission device (22) comprises an output gear (233) rotatably sleeved on the output shaft (60). The flap assembly (300) according to any one of claims 1 to 34, wherein The ratio of the minimum value of the first external force to the minimum value of the second external force is greater than or equal to 1.5 and less than or equal to 20. The flap assembly (300) according to any one of claims 1 to 35, wherein The minimum value of the first external force is greater than or equal to 5N and less than or equal to 50N, and / or the minimum value of the second external force is greater than or equal to 0.5N and less than or equal to 20N. A vehicle (400) comprising the flap assembly (300) of any one of claims 1 to 36.

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