A hand held vessel visualisation device

Abstract

A portable ultrasound device (1200) comprising: a housing (1205) comprising a transducer array for scanning an image plane and a display (1201), a processed scan to be represented on said display (1201); a handle (1203, 1205a, 1205b) formed integral with the housing (1205) for gripping by the user, wherein the handle (1203, 1205, 1205a, 1205aa, 1205b, 1205ba) is provided with a profile to enable ergonomic grip by the user.

Description

A HAND HELD VESSEL VISUALISATION DEVICETECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present invention relates to a hand held vessel visualisation device, in particular a portable ultrasound device.BACKGROUND ART

[0002] The following discussion of the background art is intended to facilitate an understanding of the present invention only. The discussion is not an acknowledgement or admission that any of the material referred to is or was part of the common general knowledge as at the priority date of the application.

[0003] Vascular access to patients using a vascular access device is a necessary and prevalent diagnostic and therapeutic procedure. During a vascular access procedure, clinicians are required to locate a suitable vessel for the relevant vascular access device. Traditionally, clinicians locate vessels by visually inspecting and touching the skin of the patient. Once located, the clinician typically pulls the skin of the patient taut using their thumb at the insertion site to prevent the vessel from moving when placing the vascular access device and to increase surface tension to enable ease of cannula or needle puncture. This methodology is colloquially known as anchoring the vessel. In this method, the clinician requires both hands, one to anchor the vessel and the other to place the vascular access device for vascular access procedures.

[0004] However, traditional methods of conducting a vascular access procedure can be ineffective in certain patient populations. Patient populations, for example dark skinned and obese cohorts, may present challenges for the clinician in locating suitable vessels via visual inspection and physical palpitation.

[0005] As such, clinicians typically employ ultrasound to assist in vessel visualisation in difficult patient populations. Whilst traditional ultrasound systems are effective for visualising vessels, the process can be non-intuitive and difficult for clinicians to learn. The display in ultrasound systems is often separate from the ultrasound probe and, in vascular access procedures, is typically positioned next to the patient. In this methodology, clinicians are often required to look away from the insertion site duringvascular access procedures. Further, effective precise movement of the traditional ultrasound device is difficult, especially for vessel visualisation where the user may easily collapse any underlying vessels while assessing a vessel. Additionally, the ability to anchor the vessel is inhibited in ultrasound guided vascular access procedures. Clinicians are forced to move an ultrasound probe with one hand with all or most fingers contacting the device and place the vascular access device with the other hand. As such, the clinician may be prevented from anchoring the vessel to prevent movement during vascular access procedures.

[0006] Beyond traditional vascular access procedures, ultrasound guidance presents similar challenges across diverse clinical settings and patient populations. In venipuncture procedures, particularly in pediatric patients, elderly patients with fragile or difficult to locate veins, or patients with compromised vascular access due to chronic illness or obesity, clinicians face the same fundamental limitations of conventional ultrasound systems. The need to simultaneously manipulate the ultrasound probe while performing precise needle insertion becomes even more critical in these vulnerable populations where multiple attempts can cause significant patient distress and tissue trauma. Furthermore, in emergency medical services and helicopter emergency medical services (HEMS), the constraints of the ultrasound display positioning and probe manipulation are exacerbated by space limitations, patient positioning challenges, and the dynamic environment of pre-hospital care. In these settings, the inability to maintain constant visual contact with both the ultrasound display and the insertion site while stabilising the patient and managing the procedure represents a significant workflow impediment that can compromise both procedural success rates and patient safety outcomes.

[0007] Further, some ultrasound probes are not ergonomic in shape. Operation of the ultrasound system requires the clinician to repeatedly flex their wrist to control the image plane. As such, clinicians are at risk for strain or strain injuries with repeated or long-term use.

[0008] It is against the above background that the present invention has been developed.SUMMARY OF INVENTION

[0009] In one aspect, there is provided a portable ultrasound device comprising: a housing comprising a sensor base, a transducer array proximate the sensor base for scanning an image plane and a display, a processed scan to be represented on said display; and a handle formed integral with the housing for gripping by a user, wherein the handle is provided with a profile to enable ergonomic grip by the user.

[0010] Desirably, the profile enabling ergonomic grip is selected on the basis of a biomechanical neutral position as understood in the art of ergonomic design. The profile may, for example, enable a neutral wrist position to be adopted by a user when using the portable ultrasound device. Conveniently, the biomechanical neutral position may be defined at least in part by an approximately zero degree alignment between a radius bone and a proximal interphalangeal joint of an index finger of a user when moving the portable ultrasound device on a patient’s skin; and between 0-90 degree deviation between a user’s thumb and forefinger when asserting force on the skin.

[0011] The handle may comprise or co-operate with at least one ergonomic post profiled or configured to enable ergonomic grip by the user with a user digit, typically the user’s thumb, being available for palpation of the patient or other steps of a procedure, in particular a cannulation procedure. To this end, the ergonomic post may be provided with curved or concave portions, or concavities, providing rests for a user’s fingers. Such an ergonomic post may have frusto-conical or polygonal shape. Where of polygonal shape, each side of the polygon may be configured to enable gripping by the user at a plurality of angles corresponding to sides of the polygon.

[0012] The housing may comprise a plurality of housing portions. For example, the sensor base may form part of a lower housing portion connected to an upper housing portion by the at least one ergonomic post.

[0013] The handle may comprise an arm extending at an angle toward the front of the ultrasound device. The length of the arm is preferably selected to allow the full display tobe viewed perpendicularly to the required viewing angle of the display. The arm may have upper and lower portions which are preferably connected by an ergonomic post to enable a user finger grip. Such ergonomic post may, with the upper portion, define a T shaped protrusion from the arm.

[0014] In some embodiments, the handle may comprise a plurality of ergonomic posts, each post having a configuration as described above. Such ergonomic posts may be connected to form a V shaped configuration convenient for left or right handed use. Ergonomic posts in any embodiment described herein conveniently comprise curved sections or concavities, to provide user finger rests. Such finger rests may be disposed laterally of an ergonomic post or at the top of an ergonomic post.

[0015] The handle may be disposed above or below the display. The handle is preferably located and configured to avoid obstruction of the display and poor viewability of a processed scan on the display. The display may include a portion located proximate a base of the housing to enable a higher quality visualisation with advantage of proximity to insertion site of a vascular access device. The display or display portion may extend from an upper portion of the housing to the base of the housing. Preferably, the display is disposed at an acute angle to the horizontal for aiding viewability.

[0016] The handle may be formed by a substantial portion of the housing with a slot or slots to accommodate, and provide rests for user fingers, extending through the housing.

[0017] The handle may extend along an end of the housing, conveniently the rear end of the housing. In such embodiments, the handle may be disposed to extend from an upper surface of the housing. The handle may be formed integral with the housing. Alternatively, the handle may comprise handle portions extending from opposite sides of the housing at one end of the housing. Such handle or handle portions are preferably curved, for example having a parabolic profile, to allow user grip. In such embodiments, one or more slots to accommodate user fingers may be provided, such slot(s) preferably being arranged proximate an end of the housing. The slot(s) may be vertical or horizontal.

[0018] In some preferred embodiments, the housing may have a wedge shape, optionally being provided with front and rear faces extending at an acute angle from the base. The display is preferably disposed on a front face of the housing with the handlebeing disposed on a rear face. Preferably, in this embodiment, the handle also extends at an angle and may be provided with a finger slot to accommodate user fingers.

[0019] In a particularly preferred embodiment, the portable ultrasound device may be of approximately L shaped configuration with a first limb of the L being an upper portion of the housing extending upwardly from a lower portion of the housing beign a second limb of the L. Desirably, the first limb of the L provides a handle comprising an ergonomic post extending vertically at an angle, |3, to the lower portion of the housing. Angle [3 may be fixed or adjustable in the range range 0<|3<90o, more preferably 45°<p<°90, most preferably 60°<p<°70. In this particularly preferred embodiment, the display may be disposed on a superior surface of the upper portion of the housing. The handle of the portable ultrasound device of the particularly preferred embodiment enables a plurality of grip styles.

[0020] A superior surface of the handle may have a parabolic profile. Such a handle may comprise an ergonomic post disposed at, and extending orthogonally upward from, a front edge of the housing. Preferably, the ergonomic post is shaped to promote holding of a “C” grip without obstruction of the display. Such an ergonomic post may terminate in a flat surface with the display being disposed in or on top of the flat surface. The flat surface may be oriented at an angle, optionally between 0 and 45°, to the sensor base so that the display extends at an oblique angle to the sensor base.

[0021] The handle may be configured to protect a user from needle stick injury. Where a user’s finger is accommodated by the slot, an exterior portion of the housing surrounding the slot may act as a barrier to provide such protection. An extension cover may be provided for such protection with such extension cover also connecting an upper portion of the housing with a lower portion of the housing.

[0022] The display may be of any desired shape, for example rectangular or circular in some embodiments.

[0023] Preferably an end of the housing in line with the display may be provided with an indicator to assist guidance of a vascular device, such as a needle, at an insertion site. A mechanical, physical or electronic indicator may be used.

[0024] The ultrasound device may be used as a standalone device. Alternatively, the ultrasound device may be a probe being provided with connectors, electrical and / or data, to other modules forming a medical ultrasound system. Such medical ultrasound systems would include cart based or phone based ultrasound systems.

[0025] Hand held vessel visualisation devices, according to embodiments of the invention, provide an ergonomic solution that allows for unobstructed view of the device display while enabling holding of the device in an ergonomically efficient manner, which when held as intended leaves a thumb available for functions related to vascular access device insertion, such as in cannulation. This makes the vessel visualisation device easier to use and reduces operational inefficiencies resulting from the cumbersome prior methodology as described above.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Further features of the present invention are more fully described in the following description of several non-limiting embodiments thereof. This description is included solely for the purposes of exemplifying the present invention. It should not be understood as a restriction on the broad summary, disclosure or description of the invention as set out above. The description will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:

[0027] Fig. 1A is a perspective view of a handheld vessel visualisation device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Fig. 1 B is a perspective view of the handheld vessel visualisation device of Fig. 1A.

[0029] Fig. 2 shows a schematic top view of a left hand using a handheld vessel visualisation device as shown in Figs. 1 A and 1 B.

[0030] Fig. 3A is a schematic front view of a left hand using a handheld vessel visualisation device of a second embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Fig. 3B is a schematic side view of the handheld vessel visualisation device and left hand shown in Fig. 3A.

[0032] Fig. 3C is a perspective view of a third embodiment of a handheld vessel visualisation device according to the present invention.

[0033] Fig. 4A is a perspective view of a fourth embodiment of a handheld vessel visualisation device according to the present invention.

[0034] Fig. 4B and 4C is a perspective view of the handheld vessel visualisation device and left hand shown in Fig.4A

[0035] Fig. 5A is a perspective view of a fifth embodiment of handheld vessel visualisation device according to the present invention.

[0036] Fig. 5B is a back view of a left hand using the handheld vessel visualisation device of Fig. 5A.

[0037] Fig. 6 is a perspective view of a left hand using a handheld vessel visualisation device according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] Fig. 7A is a perspective view of a handheld vessel visualisation device according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention.

[0039] Fig 7B is a side view of a left hand using the handheld vessel visualisation device of Fig. 7A.

[0040] Fig. 7C is a top view of a handheld vessel visualisation device according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention.

[0041] Fig. 7D is a side view of a left hand using the handheld vessel visualisation device of Fig. 7C.

[0042] Fig. 7E is a front view of the orientation of an index finger of a user’s left hand using the handheld vessel visualisation device of Fig. 7A.

[0043] Fig, 7F is a front view of the orientation of the index finger of the user’s left hand using the handheld vessel visualisation device of Fig. 7C.

[0044] Fig. 8A is a side view of a handheld vessel visualisation device according to a ninth embodiment of the present invention.

[0045] Fig. 8B is a perspective view of a left-hand using the handheld vessel visualisation device shown in Fig. 8A.

[0046] Fig. 9A is a side view of a handheld vessel visualisation device of a tenth embodiment of the present invention.

[0047] Fig, 9B is a perspective view of a left hand using the handheld vessel visualisation device of Fig. 9A.

[0048] Fig. 10A is a perspective view of a handheld vessel visualisation device according to an eleventh embodiment of the present invention.

[0049] Fig. 10B is a top view of a left hand using the handheld vessel visualisation device of Fig. 10A.

[0050] Fig. 11A is a perspective view of a handheld vessel visualisation device according to a twelfth embodiment of the present invention.

[0051] Fig. 11 B is a top view of a left hand using the handheld vessel visualisation device of Fig. 11A.

[0052] Fig. 12A is a perspective view of a handheld visualisation device according to a thirteenth embodiment of the present invention.

[0053] Fig. 12B is a side view of the handheld visualisation device of Fig. 12A.

[0054] Fig. 12C is a top view of a left hand using the handheld visualisation device of Figs. 12A and 12B.

[0055] Fig. 12D is a top view of a left hand using the handheld visualisation device of Fig. 12A.

[0056] Fig. 12E is a top view of a left hand using the handheld visualisation device of Fig. 12A.

[0057] Fig. 12F is a user’s point of view of a left hand using the handheld visualisation device of Fig. 12A.

[0058] Fig. 12G is a perspective view of a handheld visualisation device according to a fourteenth embodiment of the present invention.

[0059] Fig. 13A is a perspective view of a handheld visualisation device according to a fifteenth embodiment of the present invention.

[0060] Fig. 13B is a perspective view of a left hand using the handheld visualisation device of Fig. 13A.DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0061] Figs. 1A and 1 B are perspective views of a first embodiment of a portable ultrasound device 100, for example allowing visualisation of a vein to assist a cannulation procedure. The ultrasound device 100 is configured or profiled to assist a clinician to use the apparatus with as little as two fingers on a single hand as shown in Fig. 1 A due to its ergonomic configuration.

[0062] The ultrasound device 100 comprises a housing 109 comprising a planar sensor base 102 behind which is disposed a transducer array for ultrasound scanning, desirably in continuous wave mode. The housing 109 further encloses a processor that processes ultrasound signals received by the transducer array to provide a processed scan in the form of a visual representation of underlying blood vessels, i.e. vasculature, for example a candidate vein for cannulation, on display 101. Display 101 forms part of the housing 109. The blood vessel may be displayed in the sagittal view, more preferably the axial view and even more preferably in the coronal view to enable an easier to read visualisation of underlying vasculature, in particular the previously mentioned candidate vein for cannulation. While ultrasound scanning and processing may follow any desired protocol, preferred is an ultrasound scanning and processing system and method which allows visualisation of vasculature, in particular as described in Australian Patent Application No. 2023222897 and Australian Provisional Application No. 2024903132, the contents of which are hereby incorporated herein by reference.

[0063] Display 101 is set into the upper body of housing 109 of the ultrasound device 100. In this embodiment, ultrasound device 100 further comprises a handle in the form of a post 103 which is configured or profiled to facilitate grip, ease use and provide ergonomic efficiency to reduce strain for the user. Post 103 will therefore be referred to in further description as an ergonomic post. The ergonomic post 103 of the ultrasound device 100 comprises a generally circular transverse extension connecting the sensor base 102 centrally to the proximal end of the upper body of housing 109. Advantageously, the curved surface of ergonomic post 103 enables it to be grasped between two fingers, allowing the user to manoeuvre and hold the ultrasound device 100 while freeing the thumb 106 of the user to complete other actions that are completed during cannulation. For example, the user can grasp the ergonomic post 103 between the index finger 104 and middle finger 105, manoeuvre the ultrasound device 100 and palpate the patient’s forearm 108 with the user’s thumb 106 to aid in searching for vasculature. Additionally, the thumb 106 is also free to traction the cannulation site 108 by applying a distal force 107 (in a direction towards the patient’s hand) while cannulating with the other hand.

[0064] The display 101 is formed on an upper surface of the housing 109 such that the display 101 is above, and captures the field of view of, the sensor base 102. Furthermore, the display 101 is set at an angle a to the horizontal to maximise the ergonomics of viewing the display 101 while in use, which has been problematic with prior ultrasound probe configurations. Preferably, a is 0°<a<90°, more preferably 10°<a<60° and most preferably 15°<a<45°. Advantageously, setting the display 101 above the ergonomic post 103 with the user’s fingers guided below the display 101 , prevents visual blockage of information on the display 101. In addition, the user’s fingers are guided to rest above the sensor base 102 preventing obstruction during ultrasound scanning. The profile includes bilateral symmetry of the ergonomic post 103 about a plane of symmetry of the ultrasound device 100 allows for either a left hand or right hand to naturally grasp the ergonomic post 103 for manoeuvring the ultrasound device 100. Ultrasound device 100 is therefore available to left hand, right hand or ambidextrous users.

[0065] A common issue with using traditional ultrasound probes to image venous structures is that the venous structures are prone to collapsing when a force is applied to them, such as by an ultrasound probe. The sensor base 102 area may be larger than the disposed transducer array for ultrasound scanning, increasing the contact surface of theultrasound device 100 with the patient’s skin. Advantageously, increasing the contact surface results in a spread force distribution over the patient’s skin, typically on the forearm, which in turn reduces the likelihood that the imaged vasculature structures collapse during use of the ultrasound device 100.

[0066] Fig. 2 illustrates a top view of a left hand using the ultrasound device 100 of Figs. 1A and 1 B. The ultrasound device 100, as apparent from the figure, may be palm size or a little smaller. As described above, ergonomic post 103 enables ultrasound device 100 to enable, through its ergonomically efficient configuration, comfortable user grip and control of movement. Such ergonomically efficient configuration allows a user of ultrasound device 100 to complete multiple functions, as necessary in a cannulation procedure, while the hand 200, wrist 201 and forearm of the user are in a relaxed, comfortable and biomechanically neutral position. Such functions include manoeuvring of the ultrasound device 100, palpating the soft tissue of the patient’s forearm 108 with the user’s thumb 106 and fractioning the soft tissue during vein preparation for cannulation.

[0067] In one embodiment, the ergonomic post 103 is grasped at a 45° angle by the index finger 104 and middle finger 105 so that the thumb 106 is anterior to the ultrasound device 100. Advantageously, the ergonomic post 103 may have a plurality of edges or facets, for example tending toward a polygonal shape to enforce fix angles to hold the ultrasound device 100 which may include the most ergonomical angle for a particular step, for example in a cannulation procedure. While in this configuration, the hand 200 is largely parallel to the coronal plane of the patient’s forearm 108. When manoeuvring the ultrasound device 100, the user moves their forearm from the elbow joint, keeping an acute angle deviation between the forearm segment 201 and the hand 200 to middle finger 105 segment 202 as indicated in Fig. 2. This method results in the most ergonomic movement of the ultrasound device 100. The ultrasound device 100 may be configured such that, if small movements / adjustments are required, the user can adduct / abduct their hand 200. However, this is not the most ergonomic and preferably deviations below 15° are utilised where the ultrasound device 100 is used for extended periods of time. The user’s thumb 106 is free, as shown, in particular to palpate the skin in the anterior region of the ultrasound device 100 during ultrasound scanning.

[0068] The ultrasound device 100 is designed, in particular profiled, such that the user has 90° of movement between the middle finger segment 202 and the thumb segment 203. These ergonomic considerations all have the advantage of reducing strain in the user’s wrist, hand and fingers during use of ultrasound device 100.

[0069] As alluded to above, the circular design of ergonomic post 103, as well as its length, allows for it to be grasped at a range of angles, facilitating multiple ergonomically efficient configurations that would be a comfortable position for the user. For example, ergonomic post 103 may be grasped at an angle less than 45° from the horizontal to move the thumb 106 more laterally away from the cannulation site on the patient’s forearm 108. Advantageously, this distances the fractioning thumb 106 from the needle during cannulation, preventing injuries to the user such as needle stick injuries.

[0070] Fig. 3A and Fig. 3B illustrate a front and side view respectively of a second embodiment of ultrasound device 300 including the same components in terms of transducer array and processor as described above with reference to the ultrasound device 100 of Figs. 1A to 2. Ultrasound device 300, again palm sized or smaller, also comprises a display 301 , a sensor base 302 and a handle in the form of an ergonomic post 303. The ergonomic post 303 is a generally circular transverse extension connecting the lower housing portion 309b, including sensor base 302, to the upper housing portion 309a. The profile of ergonomic post 303 includes concavities 303a formed on each side of ergonomic post 303 to create respective resting points for the user’s index finger 104 and middle finger 105, allowing for the insertion of the index finger 104 and middle finger 105 to grasp the ergonomic post 303 and ultrasound device 300. Using similar methods for movement as previous embodiments, the user can manoeuvre the ultrasound device 100 and have the thumb 106 free for other actions as indicated by Fig. 3A.

[0071] An extension cover or portion 311 may be provided between the upper and lower body of the ultrasound device 100. The extension cover 311 forms, with the ergonomic post 303, and more particularly concavity 303a, an enclosed finger slot or bore 307 which provides a barrier protecting the index finger 104 while ultrasound device 300 is in use. This is especially applicable during a cannulation procedure where an accidental self-needle stick of the index finger may occur due to the proximity of the index finger 104 to the cannulation or insertion site. Additionally, the extension cover 311 serves the purpose of providing a maximum angle at which the ultrasound device 300can be grasped. For example, the width of the extension cover 311 can be selected such that the maximum angle that the ultrasound device 300 can be grasped at is less than 45°. This feature prevents non-ergonomic use of the ultrasound device 300 in a manner that may cause strain in the user’s wrist or hand.

[0072] In a third embodiment, as shown in Fig. 3C, the extension cover 311 may the upper and lower housing portions 309a and 309b. Instead, the function of extension cover 311 is served by two separate protrusions, an upper protrusion 305 extending downwardly from the upper housing portion 309a and a lower protrusion 306 extending upwardly from the lower housing portion 309b. It will be understood that any convenient number of such protrusions could be provided. The Fig. 3C embodiment allows for grasping of the ergonomic post 303 at larger angles, while still providing protection for the user’s index finger 104 from needle stick injury. The Fig. 3C configuration may be advantageous in cases where the user wants more control in the grasp angle. Advantageously, increasing grasp angle from the horizontal allows the thumb to be closer to the cannulation, resulting in more control for fractioning of the vessel.

[0073] To allow for unobstructed viewing, the display 301 is set above the intended grasping location of the user’s fingers, i.e. grasped about ergonomic post 303, that are used to operate the ultrasound device 300. This may lead to an issue where a vessel displayed is displaced vertically from the real location on the skin, causing possible confusion for the user about where the displayed vessel is in real space. To alleviate such confusion, an indicator 304 is set into the extension cover 311 that spans from the display 301 to the base 302 of the ultrasound device 300 as shown in Figs. 3A and 3C. This indicator 304 may be physical, such as a groove cut into the extension cover 311 (as shown), or electrical, such as an LED. The indicator 304 provides a visual ‘bridge’ between the displayed vessel and the Teal life’ location of a blood vessel. For example, if a displayed coronal view of the blood vessel is moved so that it is in line with the indicator 304, then the user would know that the vessel is directly below the indicator 304.

[0074] Figs. 4A and Fig. 4B illustrate perspective views of a fourth embodiment of ultrasound device 400 including the same components in terms of transducer array and processor to enable vein visualisation as described above with reference to the ultrasound devices 100 and 300 of Figs. 1 A to 3C. In this embodiment, sensor base 402 is also of oblong, rather than circular geometry.

[0075] In this embodiment, the handle is provided in the form of an ergonomic post 403 extending perpendicularly upward from a free end of an arm 405 extending upwardly, at an angle, from housing 409. Ergonomic post 403 has a general T shape or profile, the ‘T’ being formed by concavities 406 and 407 respectively providing an index finger rest and middle finger rest. The arm 405 partially overhangs the display 401 so the length of the arm 405 is dependent on the required viewing angle of the display 401 . Preferably, the length of arm 405 is such that the full display 401 can still be viewed perpendicularly to the required viewing angle of the display 401 . Advantageously, this configuration of the ergonomic post 403 provides user grip closer to the cannulation area. This allows for more effective range of movement of the user’s thumb 106 for fractioning or palpating the region in front of the ultrasound device 400.

[0076] Similarly to previously described embodiments, the ergonomic post 403 is grasped between the index finger 104 and the middle finger 105 such that the hand is at an angle to the patient’s skin surface and in an ergonomic neutral wrist position. While the ergonomic post 403 is grasped, the user can manoeuver the ultrasound device 400 in an ergonomic manner (‘neutral wrist position’ as understood in the art of ergonomics) while leaving the user’s thumb free for other actions such as palpation. Additionally, the index finger rest 406 and middle finger rest 407 provide additional stability and allow the user to easily tilt the ultrasound device 100 while manoevring.

[0077] As shown in Fig. 4B, a finger slot 404 may be provided at the rear of ultrasound device 400 for the user’s ring finger to slot into. The bore of the finger slot 404 provides a natural guide to position the user’s hand for grasping the ergonomic post 403. For example, the finger slot 404 may have a horizontal orientation which would naturally guide the user’s hand to grasp the ergonomic post 403 at a 0° angle from the horizontal. Alternatively, the finger slot 404 may be oriented at an acute angle, such as 45°, which would naturally guide the user’s hand to grasp the ergonomic post 403 at an ergonomic neutral wrist position of 45° from the horizontal.

[0078] Figs. 5A and 5B show perspective views of a fifth embodiment of ultrasound device 500 including the same components in terms of display, transducer array and processor to enable vein visualisation as described above with reference to the ultrasound devices 100, 300 and 400 of Figs. 1A to 4B. As shown, the housing 509 of ultrasound device 500 has a triangular or wedge shape with sensor base 502 being ofrectangular shape. Display 501 is thus disposed at an angle or slope on one face 505 of the housing 509 and extends down to the sensor base 502 of ultrasound device 500. Advantageously, the proximity of display 501 to the patient’s skin, S, removes the ambiguity that may arise from translating the vessel displayed to the rear of ultrasound device 500. Additionally, the placement of the ergonomic post 503 at the rear of the ultrasound device 500 prevents obstruction of the display 501 during use.

[0079] In this embodiment, the handle is formed by ergonomic posts 503 and 503a. Ergonomic post 503 extends perpendicularly away from the angled rear surface 504 of the ultrasound device 500 below the apex of the wedge shaped housing 509 and not obstructing display 501. Ergonomic post 503 is curved with a concave portion 506. Another ergonomic post 503a is positioned below ergonomic post 503, extending away from the sensor base 502, again extending perpendicularly away from angled rear surface 504. A grip member 510 spans between ergonomic posts 503 and 503a, with grip member 510 extending parallel to the rear surface 504 of the ultrasound device 500. A generally elliptically shaped finger slot 511 is formed between the ergonomic posts 503 and 503a and angled rear surface 504 to receive the user’s middle finger 105. Advantageously, the size of the finger slot 511 may be further configured to receive more than one of the user’s fingers as shown in Fig. 5B allowing for further stabilisation of ultrasound device 500 on the patient’s skin S.

[0080] In this embodiment, the user’s index finger 104 would rest in the concavity 506 of ergonomic post 503 and the user’s middle finger 105 would rest against the distal surface of the ergonomic post 503a within the finger slot 511 . Both the user’s index finger 104 and middle finger 105 are supported superiorly by the post 503. The ergonomic post 503 is grasped by the user’s index finger 104 and middle finger 105 so that the user’s palm is at an angle of the rear of the ultrasound device 500 and in an ergonomic neutral wrist position. In this way, the user can move and operate the ultrasound device 500 ergonomically while the user’s thumb 106 is free to palpate and traction a patient’s skin, S, as shown in Fig. 5B. Advantageously, the location of the ergonomic post 503, below display 501 , prevents visual obstruction of the display 501 and distances the index finger 104 from the cannulation site, preventing needle stick injuries because an upper portion of housing 509 forms a protective barrier for the index finger 104.

[0081] In Fig. 6, a sixth embodiment of ultrasound device 600, comprising transducer array, processor and display 601 , as with previous embodiments, comprises a handle in the form of an ergonomic post 603. As shown, the ergonomic post 603 has a profile comprising two radiused or slightly inwardly curved arms 603a, each arm 603a extending outwardly from opposite sides of the distal end 609a of the housing 609 of the ultrasound device 600. The radius of each arm 603a approximates that of the user’s index finger 104. A bottom portion 603b of each arm 603a is intended to extend horizontally along a patient’s skin with the sensor base 602 also in contact therewith though located under the display 601 . The display 601 extends at an angle, sloping upwardly from proximate the sensor base 602, which is substantially rectangular, to assist with visibility of the display 601 during operation of ultrasound device 600.

[0082] The ergonomic post 603, and more particularly the radiused arms 603 thereof, are grasped between the user’s index finger 104 and middle finger 105 so that they are oriented relatively vertical and aligned along the height of arm 603a which allows use with either the left or right hand. The ergonomic post 603 is grasped so that the user’s palm is parallel to the patient’s skin surface, S, and the user’s wrist is held in an ergonomic neutral position. The user may change the angle that the ergonomic post 603 is grasped at while maintaining a neutral wrist position by grasping a different portion of the ergonomic post 603. Similarly to the previously described embodiments, the user’s thumb 106 is available to palpate or traction the skin surface while operating ultrasound device 600. Advantageously, the lateral placement of the ergonomic post 603 prevents visual obstruction of the display 601 .

[0083] Figs. 7A-7B and 7E show a seventh embodiment in which ultrasound device 700 comprising transducer array, processor and display 701 , as with previous embodiments, comprises a handle in the form of an ergonomic post 703. As shown in Fig. 7A, the ergonomic post 703 extends from housing 709 to a height vertically above, and posterior to, the display 701 . Ergonomic post 703 also extends along the full length of the rear wall 709a of housing 709.

[0084] As shown in Figs. 7A and 7B, the ergonomic post 703 is formed as a concave block with concavity 704 on the anterior side of post 703 and concavity 705 on the posterior side of post 703. Concavities 704 and 705 enable the post 703 to be grasped between the user’s index finger 104 and middle finger 105 as shown in Fig. 7B. Theanterior concavity 704 of the post 703 is in contact with the dorsal side of the index finger 104 and the posterior concavity 705 of the post 703 is in contact with the ventral side of the middle finger 105 such that the user’s palm is oriented close to perpendicular to the patient’s skin surface and the wrist is held in an ergonomic neutral position. In this way, the user can move and operate the ultrasound device 700 ergonomically with relative ease while the thumb 106 of the user’s hand is free to assist with other functions during use of the ultrasound device 700. Advantageously, the index finger 104 and thumb 106 may be grasped in the ‘C’ shape familiar to users that use the ‘C’ technique to traction the vein.

[0085] In an eighth embodiment, the ergonomic post 703 is separated from the display 701 of the ultrasound device 700 by a substantially vertically extending finger hole 714. As shown in Figs. 7C 7D and 7F, the finger hole 714 is provided medially behind the display 701 and extends through to the substantially rectangular sensor base 702 of the ultrasound device 700. The finger hole 714, 715 (in hidden detail) is framed by the ergonomic horizontal post 703 and two elevated side walls that extend below the height of the display 701 to allow for finger clearance. The finger hole 714,715 serves to receive the index finger 104 of the user behind the display 701 of the ultrasound device 700. Therefore, the user’s index finger 104 does not obstruct the display 701 . Advantageously, the user’s index finger 104 is rotated to orientate more vertically to allow greater rotation and extension of the user’s thumb 106, between 0° and a small angle, as shown in Figs. 7E and 7F and indicated by the arrow of Fig. 7E. The ultrasound device 700 is supported posteriorly at the curved rear wall 703 by one and advantageously more of the user’s fingers, including the middle finger 105.

[0086] Figs. 8A and 8B show a ninth embodiment in which ultrasound device 800 comprising transducer array, processor and display 801 , as with previous embodiments, comprises a handle in the form of an ergonomic post 803 which has a profile having some similarities with ergonomic post 103.

[0087] Ultrasound device 800 has a wedge shaped and non-symmetrical housing 809 including a sensor base 802 on the skin contacting surface and ergonomic post 803 extending from its top surface or ledge 804. The ergonomic post 803 is a generally circular protrusion. The ergonomic post 803 supports a circular display 801 on its top surface and is grooved, or formed with a concavity, around its circumference to receivethe index finger 104 and middle finger 105 of the user. The housing 809 has a dimension wider, approximately finger diameter, than the ergonomic post 803 to form a ledge 804 at the interface between the housing 809 and ergonomic post 803. Ledge 804 and the top surface of housing 809 extend at an angle to the horizontal in this embodiment, similarly disposing circular display 801 at an angle for assisted viewing. However, in other embodiments, it will be understood that ledge 804 and the top surface of housing 809 may extend horizontally with the circular display only disposed at a small angle (for example less than 20, less than 10 degrees to the horizontal) or optionally maintained horizontal. Adjustment means could also be provided in some embodiments to enable the angle of circular display 801 to be adjusted, for example by tilting.

[0088] Further, the ergonomic post 803 widens at its distal end to create an overhang 805 at the interface between the display 801 and the ergonomic post 803. The base of the housing 809 is provided with an angled surface 812 on its front-facing surface. The angled front-facing surface 812 includes a flattened section that is angled down towards the sensor base 802 flush to the transducer array to assist in alignment of the vascular device, e.g. needle insertion site 108 with the display 801 . Needle insertion site 108 may also be referred to as a PIVC (peripheral intravenous catheter) insertion site.

[0089] The user’s index finger 104 and middle finger 105 grasp the ergonomic post 803 so that they lie across the width of the ultrasound device 800 and are oriented so that the user’s palm is substantially parallel to the skin surface with the wrist in an ergonomic neutral position. The index finger 104 and middle finger 105 of the user are supported both inferiorly by the ledge 804 and superiorly by the overhang 805. In this way, the user can move and operate the ultrasound device 800 ergonomically using only two fingers on a single hand. This allows the remaining fingers of the user’s hand to be free to assist in other functions during use of the ultrasound device 800, as in the case of the other embodiments described above.

[0090] Figs. 9A and 9B show a tenth embodiment in which ultrasound device 900 comprising transducer array, processor and display 901 , as with previous embodiments, comprises a handle in the form of an ergonomic post 903. Sensor base 902 is substantially rectangular.

[0091] In this tenth embodiment, post 903 is a handle formed by the housing 909 of ultrasound device 900. Post 903 includes a finger slot opening 903a having a bore spanning the transverse dimension of the housing 909 of the ultrasound device 900.

[0092] The display 901 comprises an upwardly angled portion 901a and a vertically extending portion 901 b that extends downwards perpendicular to the skin surface, S, from the proximal edge 909a of the upwardly angled portion 901 a towards the sensor base 902. Vertical display 901 b assists the user with needle placement by visually aligning the image on the display 901 with the patient vascular insertion site on the patient’s skin, S. It will be understood that in all embodiments the ultrasound device 100-900 allows clinical support for selection and location of an optimal vascular insertion site.

[0093] In this tenth embodiment, the user’s thumb 106 does not contact the device 900, as indicated in Fig. 9B, and is thus free to assist in other functions, e.g. palpation, during operation as described above. Of the user’s remaining four fingers, one or more fingers lie horizontally within the finger slot opening 903a and the rest against inner wall 904 of ultrasound device 900. The remaining fingers rest against the outer surface of the curved rear wall 905 of the device 900. The curved rear wall 905 is grasped between the fingers within the finger slot opening 903a and the fingers positioned against the outer surface of the curved rear wall 905. In this way, the ultrasound device 900 is held and moved with the user’s palm substantially parallel to the patient’s skin surface with the wrist in an ergonomic neutral position as understood in the ergonomics art. Thus, ultrasound device 900 may be moved, handled and operated ergonomically using up to four fingers of a user’s single hand which may convey a sense of greater control over movement of the ultrasound device 900 over the patient’s skin than the two finger hold embodiments of Figs. 1A-2B.

[0094] Figs. 10A and 10B show an eleventh embodiment in which ultrasound device 1000 comprising transducer array, processor and display 1001 , as with previous embodiments, comprises a handle in the form of an ergonomic post 1003 with some similarities to ergonomic post 803 described above. Ergonomic post 1003 also extends vertically from the housing 1009 posteriorly of display 1001 and extends along the whole length of a rear wall 1009a of housing 1009.

[0095] Finger attachment structure 1003 comprises two separate protrusions 1003a and 1003b, each extending vertically from the housing 1009. Each protrusion of fingerattachment structure 1010 consists of a left handed finger hole 1012 and a right handed finger hole 1013 that form ring like structures. Finger holes 1012 and 1013 span diagonally across and through the protrusions 1003a and 1003b (note the location of the user’s fingers in Fig. 10B) and cross orthogonally at the centre of, and within, each protrusion 1003a and 1003b. Display 1001 is upwardly angled to assist with visibility of the display 1001 during operation of ultrasound device 1000. In this embodiment, a needle indicator 1004 is included to assist a user of ultrasound device 1000 in aligning the needle with the image on the display 1101. The needle indicator 1004 may be a notch or an electronic indicator. Other indicia assisting with needle guidance may be included if desired.

[0096] The left handed finger hole 1012 and right handed finger hole 1013 serve to respectively receive the index finger 104 and middle finger 105 of the user’s respective left and right hands. In this way, the user’s palm is substantially parallel to the skin surface and the wrist is held in an ergonomic neutral position during operation of ultrasound device 1000. Further, ultrasound device 1000 may be moved ergonomically by a user using only two fingers on a single hand. This allows the remaining fingers of the user’s hand to be free to assist in other functions, e.g. palpation, during use of ultrasound device 1000 as with previously described embodiments.

[0097] Referring to Figs. 11A and 11 B, a twelfth embodiment of ultrasound device 1100 comprises a handle in the form of an ergonomic post 1103 having a profile including a V or, analogously, a crescent shape. The housing 1109 of the ultrasound device 1100 comprises a bilateral symmetrical V shaped body comprising ergonomic post portions 1103a and 1103b, forming limbs of the V, and that extend outwards at an angle posterior to display 1101. The ergonomic portions 1103a and 1103b are proximally connected to form an inner scalloped surface 1103. The inner scalloped surface 1103 provides clearance for the user’s fingers between the crescent shaped ergonomic posts 1103a and 1103b.

[0098] In this embodiment, the user’s index finger 104 and middle finger 105 rest against the medial surface of the ergonomic post portions 1103a and 1103b. As such, the ergonomic post portions 1103a and 1103b are gripped between the user’s fingers and palm. In this way, the ultrasound device 1100 is grasped so that the user’s palm is substantially parallel to the patient’s skin and the user’s wrist is held in the ergonomicneutral position. Whether the user grasps the left or right ergonomic post 1103a or 1103b depends on whether the user is left or right handed. In either case, the user’s thumb 106 does not contact the ultrasound device 1100 and thus is free to assist in other functions during operation. Thus, the ultrasound device 1100 can be moved and operated ergonomically without using the user’s thumb 106 as indicated by Fig. 11 B.

[0099] Figs. 12A to 12E show a thirteenth embodiment in which ultrasound device 1200 comprises a transducer array, processor and display 1201 having an approximate ‘L’ shape housing 1205 and profile for the handle of ultrasound device 1200. As with previous embodiments described above, the handle of ultrasound device 1200 comprises an upwardly extending ergonomic post 1203 integral with an upper portion 1205a of housing 1205 (and so the housing 1205 itself) and forming a first limb of the L shape. As shown in Figs. 12A and 12B, the ergonomic post 1203 extends vertically at an angle to the lower portion 1205b of housing 1205, which forms the second limb of the L shaped housing 1205 and houses the sensor base 1202 and its transducer array. In the same manner as previously described, the cross-sectional area of sensor base 1202 may be larger than the transducer field of view with this cross-sectional area selected to optimise force distribution, by avoiding undue pressure on patient by ultrasound device 1200, while allowing stabilisation of the transducer array and ultrasound device 1200. Additionally, this larger area of sensor base 1202 reduces the chance of decoupling between transducer array and patient surface from rolling or angling of the ultrasound device 1200 from the user.

[0100] An angle [3 between the lower portion 1205b of housing 1205 and ergonomic post 1203 may be fixed. Preferably, the angle |3 is 0° < |3 < 90°, even more preferably 45° < p < 80° and most preferably 60° < p < 70°. The housing 1205 may be manufactured from common rigid polymers to form a fixed angle between lower portion 1205b of housing 1205 and ergonomic post 1203 (upper portion 1205a of housing 1205), such polymers being, for example but not limited to, polycarbonate, polypropylene or high density polyethylene. Alternatively, a material with elasticity may be utilised (for example with angle being adjustable due to elasticity of the material from which the ergonomic post 1203 is formed) or configuration of housing 1205 of ultrasound device 1200 may be selected or through the use of mechanical means, such as a hinge, to enable adjustment of the angle between the lower portion 1205b of housing 1205 and its integral ergonomic post 1203 to improve display screen 1201 viewing capabilities for different users ordifferent phases of a cannulation procedure. In still further embodiments, a tilting mechanism, such as a hinge, could be included to allow adjustment of the angle [3 between the lower portion 1205b of housing 1205 and ergonomic post 1203. In yet another embodiment a tilting mechanism may be included underneath the display 1201 and above ergonomic post 1203 to allow independent angle control of the display 1201 and ergonomic post 1203. Advantageously, any inclusion of tilting allows for the angle [3 to be 0, collapsing the ultrasound device 1200 flat and allowing easy transportation, optionally within a protective sheath or container.

[0101] The upper portion 1205a of housing 1205, as described previously, is integral with the ergonom ic post 1203 and houses the display screen 1201 in or on its front surface 1205aa. In the illustrated embodiment, an indicator 1206 is disposed directly beneath the display screen 1201 to guide alignment of needle with the vessel, i.e. a vein in the case of cannulation, as displayed on display screen 1201. The indicator 1206 may take any convenient form. For example, the indicator 1206 may be a physical element, for example a groove cut into the housing 1205; or electrical, for example an LED light. Surface indicator 1207 further aids in needle alignment by providing a projection of the indicator1206 onto the skin surface. The surface indicator 1207 may take the form of an LED transmitting a beam of light through a shaped slit, allowing for various different shapes to be shone onto the skin, such as - but not limited to - a full circle, an empty circle, a thin line or any other geometry or combination of geometries. Ideally, the surface indicator1207 is proximate the front edge 1204 of the ultrasound device 1200 assisting the user to insert the cannula as close to the sensor base 1202 as possible. This reduces the chances of the user cannulating far from the field of view for the transducer array located behind sensor base 1202. This would be problematic because, away from the lower portion 1205b of the housing 1205, the geometry of the blood vessel may be different - in particular it may be non-linear presenting a substantial risk of ineffective cannulation - and the blood vessel may not be displayed on display screen 1201.

[0102] An additional advantage of the surface indicator 1207 being proximate the sensor base 1202 is that the cannula insertion location is below a ridge 1208 which acts as a physical barrier between the cannula and the user’s finger or thumb which is used to grip the front face 1203a of the ergonomic post 1203, reducing the risk of needle stick injuries during cannulation.

[0103] In one embodiment, the sensor base 1202 is recessed and is configured to accommodate or otherwise connect with a cover that covers the sensor base 1202. The base portion of the lower housing portion 1205b may include mechanical fastenings such as protrusions to facilitate acceptance of a cover. The recess may be such that when a cover has been fastened, the cover wall is continuous with the lower housing portion 1205b. Advantageously this allows an easy method to attach a barrier between the device and the patient underneath during use without disrupting the ergonomics of the ultrasound device 1200. For example, the barrier may be a custom clean or sterile sheath that is the same shape as the outer surface of the sensor base.

[0104] The front face 1203a of the ultrasound device 1200 and the rear surface 1205ab of the upper portion 1205a of housing 1205 may include additional features to aid and / or guide the users in the following described grips. For example, at least one protrusion, indent or ledge may be included on the front face 1203a or back face 1203b to give the finger / thumb a surface to rest on and guide the users where to place fingers. Additionally, different textures may be used to also guide the user where to place fingers such as dimpling.

[0105] Fig. 12C depicts the user’s thumb 106 and index finger 104 at rest on opposing sides of the ergonomic post 1203 to allow for controlled movement of the ultrasound device 1200. In this way, the ultrasound device 1200 is grasped in a “C” shaped grip with the remaining fingers resting on the superior surface 1205ba of the lower portion 1205b of the housing 1205. The display screen 1201 remains free of a user’s fingers obstructing visibility.

[0106] Alternatively, as shown in Fig. 12D. the profile of the ergonomic post 1203 allows it to be gripped between the user’s index finger 104 and middle finger 105 beneath the display screen 1201. In this way, the user’s thumb 106 does not contact the ultrasound device 1200 and is free to assist in other cannulation functions during operation. The ultrasound device 1200 can be moved and operated ergonomically without the user needing to use their thumb 106, allowing for palpation of the patient’s forearm 108 with the thumb 106 to aid in searching for vasculature and traction of the cannulation site.

[0107] Additionally, as shown in Fig. 12E, the index finger 104 and middle finger 105 may rest adjacently on the superior surface 1205ba of lower portion 1205b of housing1205. In this way, the front face 1203a of the ergonomic post 1203 and display 1201 remain free of any fingers manipulating ultrasound device 1200. Both the index finger 104 and middle finger 105 can be used to apply downward pressure 1209 to stabilise the ultrasound device 1200 on the patient’s forearm 108 without compressing vessels or causing screen-vessel misalignments which could interfere with successful cannulation. In the same manner as previously described, the user’s free thumb 106 can be used to traction the cannulation site.

[0108] Additionally, as shown in Fig. 12F, the index finger 104, middle finger 105 and adjacent fingers may rest across the angled rear surface 1205ba of the upper portion 1205a of housing 1205. In the way, the profile of the ergonomic post 1203 (integral with housing 1205) enables the fingers to run parallel to the cannulating surface with the ultrasound device 1200 resting against the heel of the user’s palm. This grip ensures the thumb 106 is free, not interrupting the view of the display screen 1201 and capable of operating a button should it be located on the superior surface 1205ac of the upper portion 1205a of housing 1205. The tips of the fingers may rest on the edge surface 1205ad of the upper portion 1205a of housing 1205 opposing that supported by the user’s palm. This allows for stable grip and control of the ultrasound device 1200 and ensures ease to operate a button should it be located on this edge surface 1205ad.

[0109] Fig 12G, shows a fourteenth embodiment in which the display screen 1201 is housed in the inferior portion of the front surface 1205aa of upper portion 1205a of housing 1205. In this way, the ultrasound device 1200 may rest between the thumb 106 on the front surface 1205aa of the upper portion 1205a of housing 1205; and the user’s index finger 104 and middle finger 105 on the rear surface 1205ab. This requires a “C” shaped grip at the superior end of the upper portion 1205a of housing 1205 for control of the ultrasound device 1200. Advantageously, this would remove the need for an indicator 1206 of the form as above described, as the display screen 1201 is much closer to the skin surface minimising risk of misalignment between vessel and ultrasound device 1200.

[0110] Advantageously, the ultrasound device 1200 of Figs. 12A-12E has a handle comprising an ergonomic post 1203 configured with a profile enabling a plurality of grip styles providing both ergonomic efficiency and flexibility. The user can swap between grips depending on a task at hand. For example, during the use of ultrasound device 1200, the user may move or rotate the ultrasound device 1200 around the forearm, checkfor palpability of vessels, traction a selected vessel and cannulate the selected vessel. In the case of moving and rotating the ultrasound device 1200 around the patient’s forearm 108, the user may use a “C” grip or pinch grip which provides more precise movements as a result of additional control over thumb 106. In this manner, the user can simultaneously stabilise the ultrasound device 1200, couple the ultrasound device 1200 to the underlying skin surface and quickly move the ultrasound device 1200 to investigate underlying vasculature for potential cannulation.

[0111] Additionally, the use of the thumb 106 on the ultrasound device 1200 while investigating underlying vasculature allows the user to have more control over the force distribution exerted by the ultrasound device 1200 by reducing the amount of downward pressure applied on it and consequently the patient. Once the user selects a suitable vessel for cannulation, they can align the vessel on the display 1201 with indicator 1206 to aid in “bridging” the distance between the display 1201 and the skin surface. When completing the palpation or traction task, the user may swap to the grips described for Figs. 12D and 12E to free the thumb 1206 for actioning these tasks while stabilising the ultrasound device 1200.

[0112] Referring to Fig. 13A, there is shown a portable ultrasound device 1300 of a fifteenth embodiment. Ultrasound device 1300 comprises a transducer array, processor and display 1301 as described with reference to each of the embodiments of ultrasound device 100-1200 described above. As with previous embodiments described above, ultrasound device 1300 comprises an upright ergonomic post 1303. Ergonomic post 1303 is generally circular or elliptical and extends orthogonally upward from the housing 1304 proximate the front edge, terminating in a flat surface 1303a. Display 1301 is disposed in or on top of the flat surface 1303a. The front and back edges of the ergonomic post 1303 are shaped or have profile to cause holding of a “C” grip as described above and as shown in Fig. 13B where a user’s index finger 104 wraps around and grips (first grip) the top edge with thumb 106 gripped (second grip) on the bottom edge. Middle finger 105 and other fingers rest, as shown in Fig. 13B, around housing 1304 with the curved profile of its superior surface 1304a providing a comfortable handle. The curved profile of the superior surface of housing 1304 is substantially parabolic with its maximal line 1304b being shown in Figs. 13A and 13B.

[0113] The flat surface 1303a of the ergonomic post 1303 is disposed parallel to the sensor base 1302 such that the display 1301 is also parallel and spaced directly above the sensor base 1302. This allows for a direct 1 :1 coronal view of the underlying vasculature following ultrasound receive signal processing. In an alternative embodiment, the flat surface 1303a is oriented at an angle, optionally between 0 and 45°, to sensor base 1302 with the display 1301 also being provided with an oblique orientation. This angle, which could be adjustable with a tilting mechanism, allows for easier visualisation of the display 1301 at lower angles. Advantageously, placing the display 1301 on the raised ergonomic post 1303 between the first and second grips reduces the chance of obstructing the display 1301 during use. Similarly to the previously described embodiments, a device indicator 1305 is provided. As shown, device indicator 1305 extends from the centre of the display 1301 down to the bottom edge of the ultrasound device 1300 enabling alignment of ultrasound device 1300 with cannulation site.

[0114] Fig. 13B shows a grip that utilises the main body 1304 and fingers to hold and manoeuvre the ultrasound device 1300. Two or more fingers, which rest over main body 1304 can be used to apply downward pressure and slide the ultrasound device 1300 in the coronal plane with the thumb 106 in the “C” grip, providing more control over movement of the ultrasound device 1300. The user can easily and seamlessly bring the thumb 106 forward onto the arm with thumb 106 free to assist in other functions during operation. The ultrasound device 1300 can be moved and operated ergonomically without using the user’s thumb 106, allowing for palpation of the patient’s forearm with the free thumb 106 to aid in searching for vasculature and traction of the cannulation site.

[0115] In the preferred embodiments described, the area of the sensor base may be equal to or larger than the area of the antecubital fossa (ACF), a common insertion site for cannulation and venepuncture. The forearm is the ideal cannulation or venepuncture location as an established location for longevity of the vascular access device and comfort of the patient. The larger area of the sensor base also discourages the user of the ultrasound device from cannulating in the ACF and instead encourages the user to cannulate in the forearm area, where the ultrasound device is optimised for a larger flat surface.

[0116] Further, the portable ultrasound device of any of the embodiments described may co-operate with a sterile acoustically transmissible cover for the sensor base.

[0117] For all described embodiments, user interface controls may be located conveniently to allow for easy operation of an ultrasound device during use. For example, in the embodiment described in Fig 12, the display 1201 may include touch screen to control the device which conveniently may be easily accessed using the thumb while using the “C” shape grip described in Fig 12C. Additionally, buttons may be placed on any external surfaces that may be conveniently access by the operator’s fingers during use.

[0118] Throughout this specification, unless the context requires otherwise, the word "comprise" or variations such as "comprises" or "comprising", will be understood to imply the inclusion of a stated integer or group of integers but not the exclusion of any other integer or group of integers

Claims

CLAIMS1 . A portable ultrasound device comprising: a housing comprising a sensor base, a transducer array proximate the sensor base for scanning an image plane and a display, a processed scan to be represented on said display; a handle formed integral with the housing for gripping by the user, wherein the handle is provided with a profile to enable ergonomic grip by the user.

2. The portable ultrasound device of claim 1 , wherein the profile corresponds with a biomechanical neutral position.

3. The portable ultrasound device of claim 2, wherein the biomechanical neutral position is defined at least in part by an approximately zero degree alignment between a radius bone and a proximal interphalangeal joint of an index finger of a user when moving the portable ultrasound device on a patient’s skin, and between 0-90 degrees deviation between a user’s thumb and forefinger when asserting force on the skin.

4. The portable ultrasound device of any one of the preceding claims, wherein said handle comprises or co-operates with at least one ergonomic post configured to enable ergonomic grip, preferably allowing a thumb free grip.

5. The portable ultrasound device of claim 3, wherein the at least one ergonomic post is provided with curved or concave portions, or concavities, providing rests for user fingers.

6. The portable ultrasound device of claim 4, wherein said at least one ergonomic post has cylindrical, frusto-conical or polygonal shape.

7. The portable ultrasound device of claim 6, wherein said at least one ergonomic post has polygonal shape, each side of the polygon being configured to enable gripping by the user at a plurality of angles corresponding to sides of the polygon.

8. The portable ultrasound device of any one of claims 4 to 7, wherein said housing comprises a plurality of housing portions in which the sensor base forms part of a lower housing portion connected to an upper housing portion by an ergonomic post extending between the lower housing portion and the upper housing portion.

9. The portable ultrasound device of any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the handle comprises an arm extending at an angle toward the front of the ultrasound device, the length of arm allowing the full display to be viewed perpendicularly to the required viewing angle of the display.

10. The portable ultrasound device of claim 9, wherein the arm has upper and lower portions which are connected by an ergonomic post to enable a user finger grip.11 . The portable ultrasound device of claim 10, wherein said ergonomic post, with the upper portion, defines a T shaped protrusion from the arm.

12. The portable ultrasound device of any one of claims 4 to 10, wherein the handle comprises a plurality of ergonomic posts.

13. The portable ultrasound device of claim 12, wherein said ergonomic posts are connected to form a V shaped configuration.

14. The portable ultrasound device of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the handle is disposed above the display.

15. The portable ultrasound device of any one of the preceding claims 1 to 8, 13 or 14, wherein the handle is disposed below the display.

16. The portable ultrasound device of claim 14, wherein the display includes a display portion located proximate a base of the housing, the display portion extending to the base of the housing.

17. The portable ultrasound device of any one of claims 14 to 16, wherein the display is disposed at an acute angle to the horizontal.

18. The portable ultrasound device of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the handle is formed by a substantial portion of the housing with a slot or slots to accommodate, and provide rests for user fingers, extending through the housing.

19. The portable ultrasound device of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the handle extends along an end of the housing, optionally the rear end of the housing.

20. The portable ultrasound device of claim 19, wherein the handle is disposed to extend from an upper surface of the housing.

21. The portable ultrasound device of claim 19, wherein the handle comprises handle portions extending from opposite sides of the housing at one end of the housing, said handle or handle portions being curved to allow user grip.

22. The portable ultrasound device of any one of claims 19 to 21 , wherein said handle comprises one or more slots to accommodate user fingers, said slot(s) preferably being arranged proximate an end of the housing.

23. The portable ultrasound device of any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the housing has a wedge shape, optionally being provided with front and rear faces extending at an angle from the base.

24. The portable ultrasound device of claim 23, wherein the display is disposed on a front face with the handle being disposed on a rear face.

25. The portable ultrasound device of claim 23 or 24, wherein the handle extends at an angle and is provided with a finger slot to accommodate user fingers.

26. The portable ultrasound device of any one of claims 1 to 4, being of approximately L shaped configuration with a first limb of the L being an upper portion of the housing extending upwardly from a lower portion of the housing being a second limb of the L.

27. The portable ultrasound device of claim 26, wherein the first limb of the L is an ergonomic post extending vertically at an angle, (3, to the lower portion of the housing.

28. The portable ultrasound device of claim 27, wherein angle [3 is fixed.

29. The portable ultrasound device of claim 27, wherein angle [3 is adjustable, preferably in the range 0<(3<90°, more preferably 45°<[3<o90, most preferably 60°<[3<o70.

30. The portable ultrasound device of claim 29, wherein angle [3 is adjustable due to elasticity of the material from which the ergonomic post is formed.31 . The portable ultrasound device of claim 29, wherein a tilting mechanism, optionally a hinge, is provided between the lower portion of the housing and the ergonomic post to enable adjustment of angle [3.

32. The portable ultrasound device of any one of claims 26 to 31 , being configured to accommodate a plurality of grip styles.

33. The portable ultrasound device of any one of claims 26 to 32, wherein the display is disposed on a superior surface of the upper portion of the housing.

34. The portable ultrasound device of any one of claims 26 to 33, wherein the lower portion of the housing is recessed to accommodate a cover that covers the sensor base.

35. The portable ultrasound device of claim 34, wherein the recess is configured such that when a cover has been fastened, the cover wall is continuous with the lower body.

36. The portable ultrasound device of any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a superior surface of the handle has a parabolic profile.

37. The portable ultrasound device of any one of claims 1 to 4 or 36, wherein the handle comprises an ergonomic post disposed at, and extending orthogonally upward from, a front edge of the housing.

38. The portable ultrasound device of claim 37, wherein said ergonomic post is shaped to promote holding of a “C” grip without obstruction of the display.

39. The portable ultrasound device of claim 37 or 38, wherein said ergonomic post terminates in a flat surface with the display being disposed in or on top of the flat surface.

40. The portable ultrasound device of claim 39, wherein said flat surface is oriented at an angle, optionally between 0 and 45°, to the sensor base so that said display extends at an oblique angle to the sensor base.41 . The portable ultrasound device of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the handle may be configured to protect a user from needle stick injury.

42. The portable ultrasound device of claim 41 , wherein an extension cover is provided for protection from needle stick injury with said extension cover also connecting an upper portion of the housing with a lower portion of the housing.

43. The portable ultrasound device of any one of the preceding claims, wherein an end of the housing in line with the display is provided with an indicator to assist guidance of a vascular device, optionally a needle, at an insertion site.

44. The portable ultrasound device of any one of the preceding claims, wherein a base of the housing has a greater cross sectional area than a cross sectional area of the transducer array.

45. The portable ultrasound device of any one of claims 1 to 43, wherein the area of the sensor base is equal to or larger than the area of an antecubital fossa (ACF) of a patient.

46. The portable ultrasound device of any one of the preceding claims being a stand alone device.

47. The portable ultrasound device of any one of the preceding claims comprising a connector to a further module of an ultrasound system.

Images