Mixed refrigerant composition and heat pump comprising same

Abstract

A mixed refrigerant composition according to exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure comprises, with respect to the total weight of the mixed refrigerant composition, 2 wt% to 10 wt% of carbon dioxide (R-744) and 90 wt% to 98 wt% of 3,3,3-trifluoropropene (R-1243zf).

Description

Mixed refrigerant composition and heat pump containing the same

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a composition comprising a refrigerant and a heat pump comprising the same.

[0002]

[0003] A refrigerant is a substance used to remove heat from heat pumps used in air conditioners, refrigerators, cooling towers, etc. Examples of refrigerants include natural refrigerants, chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) refrigerants, hydrochlorofluorocarbon (HCFC) refrigerants, hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) refrigerants, and hydrofluoroolefin (HFO) refrigerants.

[0004] Recently, the types of heat pumps used indoors and outdoors have become more diverse, and there is a demand for miniaturized heat pumps due to advancements such as electric vehicles. Furthermore, as refrigerants containing chlorine (Cl) can cause ozone layer depletion, efforts are underway to develop refrigerants that do not contain chlorine atoms.

[0005] For example, 3,3,3-trifluoropropene (R-1243zf), a type of hydrofluoroolefin refrigerant, does not contain chlorine atoms. Therefore, it has a low Global Warming Potential (GWP) and is actively used as a refrigerant for automobile air conditioners.

[0006] However, 3,3,3-trifluoropropene (R-1243zf) has the problem of reduced air conditioner heating performance compared to conventional refrigerants. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a refrigerant or a combination of refrigerants that can suppress environmental pollution while having good heating performance.

[0007]

[0008] One objective according to exemplary embodiments is to provide a mixed refrigerant composition with improved eco-friendliness.

[0009] One objective according to exemplary embodiments is to provide a heat pump with improved heating and cooling performance comprising the above-mentioned mixed refrigerant composition.

[0010]

[0011] A mixed refrigerant composition according to exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure comprises 2% to 10% by weight of carbon dioxide (R-744) and 90% to 98% by weight of 3,3,3-trifluoropropene (R-1243zf) based on the total weight of the mixed refrigerant composition.

[0012] In exemplary embodiments, the ratio of the content of 3,3,3-trifluoropropene to the content of carbon dioxide in the total weight of the mixed refrigerant composition may be 5 to 70.

[0013] In exemplary embodiments, the boiling point of the mixed refrigerant composition at 1 atm may be -65°C to -35°C.

[0014] In exemplary embodiments, the critical temperature of the mixed refrigerant composition may be 100°C to 110°C.

[0015] In exemplary embodiments, the critical pressure of the mixed refrigerant composition may be 35 bar to 50 bar.

[0016] In exemplary embodiments, the latent heat at -25°C of the mixed refrigerant composition may be 215 kJ / kg to 230 kJ / kg.

[0017] In exemplary embodiments, the temperature glide of the mixed refrigerant composition at a pressure of 1.5 bar may be 10°C to 35°C.

[0018] In exemplary embodiments, the temperature glide of the mixed refrigerant composition at a pressure of 15 bar may be 5°C to 30°C.

[0019] In exemplary embodiments, the Global Warming Potentials (GWP) of the mixed refrigerant composition may be 1 to 5.

[0020] A heat pump according to exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure comprises the mixed refrigerant composition.

[0021]

[0022] In the mixed refrigerant composition according to the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, since the refrigerant included does not contain chlorine atoms (Cl), environmental pollution such as ozone layer depletion can be suppressed.

[0023] A heat pump according to exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure may have improved cooling and heating performance by including the mixed refrigerant composition.

[0024] The mixed refrigerant composition of the present disclosure can suppress air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions and prevent climate change, so it can be used in eco-friendly heat pumps, etc.

[0025]

[0026] FIGS. 1 and FIGS. 2 are schematic diagrams illustrating the flow of a mixed refrigerant for heat exchange in a cooling mode or a heating mode of a heat exchanger according to exemplary embodiments.

[0027]

[0028] A mixed refrigerant composition according to exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure may include carbon dioxide (R-744) and 3,3,3-trifluoropropene (R-1243zf).

[0029] The present disclosure will be described in detail below. However, this is merely illustrative and the present disclosure is not limited to the specific embodiments described illustratively.

[0030] A mixed refrigerant composition according to exemplary embodiments may include carbon dioxide (R-744) and 3,3,3-trifluoropropene (R-1243zf). The carbon dioxide (R-744) and 3,3,3-trifluoropropene (R-1243zf) included in the mixed refrigerant composition do not contain chlorine atoms (Cl).

[0031] Carbon dioxide (R-744) is a type of natural refrigerant with an Ozone Depleting Potential (ODP) of 0 and a Global Warming Potential (GWP) of 1. Additionally, carbon dioxide (R-744) may not be corrosive, toxic, or explosive. By including carbon dioxide (R-744) in the above mixed refrigerant composition, the eco-friendliness and stability of the above mixed refrigerant composition can be improved.

[0032] 3,3,3-trifluoropropene (R-1243zf) is a type of hydrofluoroolefin (HFO) refrigerant with an ozone depletion potential (ODP) of 0 and a global warming potential (GWP) of 1. In addition, 3,3,3-trifluoropropene (R-1243zf) may have a high latent heat of vaporization and high chemical stability. By including 3,3,3-trifluoropropene (R-1243zf) in the above mixed refrigerant composition, the eco-friendliness, chemical stability, and refrigeration capacity of the above mixed refrigerant composition can be improved.

[0033] In some embodiments, the mixed refrigerant composition may not include additional hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) refrigerants, such as difluoromethane (R-32), which has a high global warming potential. Accordingly, the eco-friendliness of the mixed refrigerant composition may be improved.

[0034] In some embodiments, the mixed refrigerant composition may not include additional hydrofluoroethylene (HFO)-based refrigerants such as toxic 1,1-difluoroethylene (1,1-difluoroethylene, R-1132a). Accordingly, safety can be ensured even if some of the mixed refrigerant composition leaks from the heat pump.

[0035] In some embodiments, the mixed refrigerant composition may further include other refrigerants. The other refrigerants may be refrigerants that do not contain chlorine atoms (Cl), such as, for example, natural refrigerants, hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) refrigerants, hydrofluoroolefin (HFO) refrigerants.

[0036] The above-mentioned natural refrigerant is a substance that exists naturally on Earth, rather than an artificial compound. The above-mentioned natural refrigerant may include, for example, at least one of ammonia (R-717), propane (R-290), propylene (R-1270), and butane (R-600).

[0037] The above hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) refrigerant is a refrigerant composed of hydrogen atoms (H), fluorine atoms (F), and carbon atoms (C). The above hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) refrigerant includes, for example, at least one of difluoromethane (R-32), trifluoroiodomethane (R-13I1), 1,1-difluoroethane (R-152a), pentafluoroethane (R-125), 1,1,1-trifluoroethane (R-143a), trifluoromethane (R-23), fluoroethane (R-161), 1,1,1,2,3,3,3-heptafluoropropane (R-227ea), 1,1,1,2,3,3-hexafluoropropane (R-236ea), 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoropropane (R-236fa), 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropane (R-245fa), and 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluorobutane (R-365mfc). It can be included.

[0038] The above hydrofluoroolefin (HFO) refrigerant is a refrigerant composed of hydrogen atoms (H), fluorine atoms (F), and carbon atoms (C), having at least one double bond between the carbon atoms. The above hydrofluoroolefin (HFO) refrigerant may include, for example, at least one of 1,1,2-trifluoroethylene (R-1123), 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (R-1234yf), 1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (R-1234ze), 1,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (R-1234ye), 1,1-difluoroethylene (R-1132a), and 1,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropene (R-1225ye).

[0039] In some embodiments, the mixed refrigerant composition may consist only of carbon dioxide (R-744) and 3,3,3-trifluoropropene (R-1243zf). Accordingly, it is possible to prevent the reduction of thermal and / or chemical stability caused by mixing refrigerants with low thermal and / or chemical stability. Additionally, it is possible to prevent the condensation temperature from rising due to mixing refrigerants with high boiling points, or the cooling capacity from decreasing due to mixing refrigerants with low latent heat of vaporization.

[0040] According to exemplary embodiments, the content of carbon dioxide (R-744) may be 2% to 10% by weight, or 3% to 10% by weight, or 4% to 10% by weight, or 5% to 10% by weight of the total weight of the mixed refrigerant composition. Within the above content range, the eco-friendliness of the mixed refrigerant composition may be improved. If the content of carbon dioxide (R-744) is less than 2% by weight of the total weight of the mixed refrigerant composition, the refrigeration capacity of the mixed refrigerant composition may be reduced. If the content of carbon dioxide (R-744) exceeds 10% by weight of the total weight of the mixed refrigerant composition, the outlet temperature and pressure of the heat pump containing the mixed refrigerant composition may increase. In this case, a decrease in durability and performance of the heat pump may occur. Accordingly, within the above range, the cooling characteristics of the mixed refrigerant composition can be improved while preventing a decrease in the performance of the heat pump.

[0041] In some embodiments, the content of carbon dioxide (R-744) may be 6% to 10% by weight, or 7% to 10% by weight, or 8% to 10% by weight, or 9% to 10% by weight of the total weight of the mixed refrigerant composition. Within the above content range, the eco-friendliness of the mixed refrigerant composition may be further enhanced.

[0042] In exemplary embodiments, the content of the 3,3,3-trifluoropropene (3,3,3-trifluoropropene, R-1243zf) may be 90% to 98% by weight, or 90% to 97% by weight, or 90% to 96% by weight, or 90% to 95% by weight of the total weight of the mixed refrigerant composition. Within the above content range, the stability, eco-friendliness, and refrigeration capacity of the mixed refrigerant composition may be improved. If the content of the 3,3,3-trifluoropropene (3,3,3-trifluoropropene, R-1243zf) is less than 90% by weight, the temperature glide increases during the phase change of the mixed refrigerant composition, and the refrigeration capacity may decrease. If the content of the above 3,3,3-trifluoropropene (3,3,3-trifluoropropene, R-1243zf) exceeds 98 weight%, the usable temperature range for heating of the mixed refrigerant composition may be narrowed. Accordingly, within the above content range, the stability and eco-friendliness of the mixed refrigerant composition may be improved, and the usable temperature for heating operation may be maintained within an appropriate range.

[0043] In some embodiments, the content of the 3,3,3-trifluoropropene (3,3,3-trifluoropropene, R-1243zf) may be 90% to 94% by weight, or 90% to 93% by weight, or 90% to 92% by weight, or 90% to 91% by weight of the total weight of the mixed refrigerant composition. Within the above content range, the stability, eco-friendliness, and refrigeration capacity of the mixed refrigerant composition may be further improved.

[0044] In some embodiments, the ratio of the content of 3,3,3-trifluoropropene (3,3,3-trifluoropropene, R-1243zf) to the content of carbon dioxide (R-744) in the total weight of the mixed refrigerant composition may be 5 to 70, 5 to 60, 5 to 50, 7 to 50, 9 to 50, or 9 to 49. Within these ranges, the stability, eco-friendliness, and refrigeration capacity of the mixed refrigerant composition may be improved.

[0045] According to exemplary embodiments, the boiling point of the mixed refrigerant composition at 1 atm may be -65°C to -35°C, -60°C to -35°C, or -55°C to -35°C.

[0046] When the boiling point of the mixed refrigerant composition is -65°C or higher, the condensation pressure at the condensation temperature of the mixed refrigerant composition may be reduced. Accordingly, the energy consumed in the refrigeration cycle may be reduced, and the efficiency of the refrigerant may be increased.

[0047] When the boiling point of the mixed refrigerant composition is -35°C or lower, the specific volume at the condensation temperature of the mixed refrigerant composition may decrease. Accordingly, the amount of the mixed refrigerant composition required to improve refrigeration capacity may decrease.

[0048] In some embodiments, the boiling point of the mixed refrigerant composition at 1 atm may be -50°C to -35°C, -50°C to -40°C, or -45°C to -40°C. Within the boiling point range of the mixed refrigerant composition, the specific volume may be reduced without increasing the condensation pressure. Accordingly, the refrigeration capacity and refrigeration efficiency of the mixed refrigerant composition may be further improved.

[0049] In some embodiments, the critical temperature of the mixed refrigerant composition may be 100°C to 110°C, 101°C to 109°C, 102°C to 108°C, or 103°C to 107°C. The critical temperature may refer to the maximum temperature at which a specific substance can exist in a liquid state. Accordingly, if the critical temperature of the mixed refrigerant composition is low, it may be difficult to liquefy the mixed refrigerant composition during the condensation process in the refrigeration cycle.

[0050] In the above critical temperature range, the mixed refrigerant composition may not become a supercritical fluid state in the refrigeration cycle. Accordingly, the mixed refrigerant composition may liquefy without becoming a supercritical fluid state, thereby improving refrigeration capacity.

[0051] In some embodiments, the critical pressure of the mixed refrigerant composition may be 35 bar to 50 bar, 36 bar to 50 bar, 37 bar to 50 bar, or 38 bar to 50 bar. Critical pressure may refer to the maximum pressure at which a specific substance can exist in a liquid state. Accordingly, if the critical pressure of the mixed refrigerant composition is low, it may be difficult to liquefy the mixed refrigerant composition during the condensation process in a refrigeration cycle.

[0052] In the above critical pressure range, the mixed refrigerant composition may not become a supercritical fluid state in the refrigeration cycle. Accordingly, the mixed refrigerant composition may liquefy without becoming a supercritical fluid state, thereby improving refrigeration capacity.

[0053] In some embodiments, the latent heat at -25°C may be 215 kJ / kg to 230 kJ / kg, 216 kJ / kg to 229 kJ / kg, 217 kJ / kg to 228 kJ / kg, 218 kJ / kg to 227 kJ / kg, 218 kJ / kg to 226 kJ / kg, or 218 kJ / kg to 225 kJ / kg.

[0054] Within the above latent heat range, the heat released or absorbed by the mixed refrigerant composition during phase change may be sufficient. Accordingly, the thermal efficiency of the mixed refrigerant composition may be improved.

[0055] In some embodiments, the temperature glide of the mixed refrigerant composition at a pressure of 1.5 bar may be 10°C to 35°C, 10°C to 34°C, 10°C to 33°C, or 10°C to 32°C. Within the temperature glide range, compositional separation may not occur even if the mixed refrigerant composition leaks. Accordingly, the capacity of the mixed refrigerant composition can be improved even when using a heat pump of the same volume.

[0056] In some embodiments, the temperature glide of the mixed refrigerant composition at a pressure of 15 bar may be 5°C to 30°C, 5°C to 29°C, 5°C to 28°C, 5°C to 27°C, 5°C to 26°C, or 5°C to 25°C. Within the temperature glide range, compositional separation may not occur even if the mixed refrigerant composition is used in a heat pump. Accordingly, the heat transfer efficiency of the mixed refrigerant composition may be improved.

[0057] In some embodiments, the global warming potential (GWP) of the mixed refrigerant composition may be 1 to 5, 1 to 4, 1 to 3, 1 to 2, or 1.

[0058] The Global Warming Potential (GWP) is a value calculated using carbon dioxide (CO2) as a reference substance regarding the impact on global warming over a certain period (e.g., 100 years) when 1 kg of any chemical substance is released into the Earth's troposphere.

[0059] Within the above range of global warming potential, environmental pollution caused by the use and treatment of the mixed refrigerant composition can be suppressed.

[0060] In some embodiments, the ozone depletion potential (ODP) of the mixed refrigerant composition may be 0.

[0061] The Ozone Depletion Potential (ODP) is a numerical value that calculates the extent to which any chemical substance affects ozone layer depletion, assuming the ozone layer depletion effect of trichlorofluoromethane (CFC-11) is 1.

[0062] As the above ozone depletion potential (ODP) is 0, environmental pollution caused by the use and treatment of the mixed refrigerant composition can be suppressed.

[0063] The boiling point, critical temperature, critical pressure, latent heat, temperature gradient, global warming potential, etc. of the mixed refrigerant composition can be controlled by adjusting the composition of the refrigerants included in the composition.

[0064] In some embodiments, the mixed refrigerant composition may be mildly flammable. For example, it may be classified as A2L or A2 in the refrigerant safety group classification of the American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE). Accordingly, safety can be ensured during the operation of the heat pump and in the event of leakage of the mixed refrigerant composition.

[0065] According to exemplary embodiments, the heat pump comprises the mixed refrigerant composition. Accordingly, the refrigeration performance can be improved while enhancing the eco-friendliness and stability of the heat pump.

[0066] The heat pump described above may include a compressor, a condenser, an expansion valve, and an evaporator. In the compressor, the mixed refrigerant composition described above may be compressed to a high temperature and high pressure state, and in the expansion valve, the mixed refrigerant composition described above may be expanded to a low temperature and low pressure state.

[0067] For example, the aforementioned mixed refrigerant composition may release or absorb heat while circulating through the compressor, condenser, expansion valve, and evaporator within the heat pump. The mixed refrigerant composition may be maintained in a high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous state in the compressor. The mixed refrigerant composition may release heat in the condenser to become a liquid state. The mixed refrigerant composition may be maintained in a low-temperature and low-pressure liquid or a mixed liquid and gas state in the expansion valve. The mixed refrigerant composition may absorb heat in the evaporator to become a gaseous state.

[0068] In some embodiments, the heat pump may contain oil. For example, the oil may include paraffin, naphthene, aromatic hydrocarbon, polyester (POE), polyol ester, mineral, alkylbenzene (AB), polyalkylene glycol (PAG), polyvinyl ether (PVE), etc. Accordingly, friction and wear of the heat pump can be prevented.

[0069] In some embodiments, the coefficient of performance (COP) of the heat pump may be 1 to 10. The coefficient of performance (COP) refers to the ratio of the amount of heat effectively obtained to the amount of work input when operating the heat pump.

[0070] A high-efficiency heat pump having a performance coefficient of the above range can be provided by using the refrigerant described above.

[0071] Preferred embodiments are presented below to aid in understanding the present application; however, these embodiments are merely illustrative of the present application and are not intended to limit the appended claims. It is obvious to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications to the embodiments are possible within the scope and spirit of the present application, and that such variations and modifications fall within the scope of the appended claims.

[0072]

[0073] Examples and Comparative Examples

[0074] (1) Mixed refrigerant composition

[0075] A mixed refrigerant composition having the components and content (weight%) listed in Table 1 below was prepared.

[0076] The boiling point, critical temperature, critical pressure, temperature gradient at 1.5 bar and 15 bar, and latent heat at -25 ℃ of the prepared mixed refrigerant composition were measured. The measured boiling point, critical temperature, critical pressure, temperature gradient at 1.5 bar and 15 bar, and latent heat at -25 ℃ of the mixed refrigerant composition are shown in Table 1 below.

[0077] The boiling point, critical temperature, critical pressure, temperature gradient, and latent heat of the above mixed refrigerant composition were measured using REFPROP (Ver 10, NIST).

[0078] Content of each component of the mixed refrigerant composition (weight%) Boiling point (°C) Critical temperature (°C) Critical pressure (bar) Latent heat at -25°C (kJ / kg) Temperature gradient R-744 R-1243zf 1.5 bar (°C) 15 bar (°C) Example 1 298-37.5 104.8 38.4 218.7 10.2 5.3 Example 2 2.5 97.5-40.0 105.0 39.1 219.1 12.4 6.6 Example 3 397-42.3 105.2 39.9 219.6 14.4 8.0 Example 4 3.5 96.5-44.4 105.4 40.7 220.0 16.3 9.3 Example 5496-46.4105.541.4220.418.110.7 Example 64.595.5-48.3105.742.2220.819.712.0 Example 7595-50.0105.842.9221.321.213.3 Example 85.594.5-51.6105.943.6221.722.714.6 Example 9694-53.1105.944.3222.124.015.9 Example 106.593.5-54.5106.045.1222.625.217.1 Example 11793-55.9106.045.8223.026.318.3 Example 127.592.5-57.1106.146.5223.427.419.5 Example 13892-58.2106.047.2223.828.420.6 Example 148.591.5-59.3106.047.9224.329.321.7 Example 15991-60.4106.048.6224.730.122.8 Example 169.590.5-61.3106.049.3225.130.923.8 Example 171090-62.2105.949.9225.531.724.8 Comparative Example 10100-25.4103.835.2216.900 Comparative Example 2199-32.0104.336.8217.85.42.6 Comparative Example 31288-65.4105.652.6227.234.128.3

[0079] The specific components listed in Table 1 are as follows.

[0080] R-744: carbon dioxide

[0081] R-1243zf: 3,3,3-trifluoropropene

[0082]

[0083] Experimental Example

[0084] (1) GWP calculation

[0085] Based on the Global Warming Potential (GWP) of R-744, R-1234yf, and R-152a included in the mixed refrigerant composition according to the examples, as defined by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), the Global Warming Potential (GWP) of the mixed refrigerant composition was calculated by arithmetically averaging the weight ratios of R-744, R-1234yf, and R-152a, respectively.

[0086] The Global Warming Potential (GWP) according to the IPCC mentioned above is based on the Global Warming Potential (GWP) based on a 100-year period.

[0087] The calculated Global Warming Potential (GWP) is shown in Table 2 below.

[0088] Classification Global Warming Potential (GWP) Example 11.0 Example 21.0 Example 31.0 Example 41.0 Example 51.0 Example 61.0 Example 71.0 Example 81.0 Example 91.0 Example 101.0 Example 111.0 Example 121.0 Example 131.0 Example 141.0 Example 151.0 Example 161.0 Example 171.0 Comparative Example 11.0 Comparative Example 21.0 Comparative Example 31.0

[0089] (2) Cooling / Heating Evaluation

[0090] FIGS. 1 and FIGS. 2 are schematic diagrams illustrating the flow of a mixed refrigerant for heat exchange in a cooling mode or a heating mode of a heat exchanger according to exemplary embodiments.

[0091] In Figures 1 and 2, the direction of the arrows is intended to indicate the flow of the mixed refrigerant.

[0092] Referring to Fig. 1, in cooling mode, the mixed refrigerant is compressed through the compressor and bypasses the internal condenser and expansion valve (heating) in sequence, releases heat in the external condenser, expands in the expansion valve (cooling), and reabsorbs heat through the evaporator.

[0093] Referring to Fig. 2, in heating mode, the mixed refrigerant is compressed through the compressor, releases heat in the internal condenser, expands in the expansion valve (heating), absorbs heat in the external condenser, and then absorbs additional heat through the cooler.

[0094] Cooling and heating evaluations were performed using the heat exchangers described above at different ambient temperatures using the refrigerant combinations of Examples 1 to 17 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3.

[0095] The above cooling evaluation was performed by setting the outdoor temperature to 45 ℃, and the above heating evaluation was performed by setting the outdoor temperature to -7 ℃ and -20 ℃, respectively. The conditions for the cooling and heating evaluations according to the above-described examples and comparative examples are shown in Table 3 below.

[0096] Specifically, the ambient temperature (°C), condenser outlet refrigerant temperature, condenser outlet refrigerant subcooling, evaporator outlet refrigerant temperature, and evaporator outlet refrigerant superheating are shown together in Table 3 below.

[0097] Classification Operating Mode Outdoor Temperature (°C) Condenser Outlet Refrigerant Temperature (°C) Condenser Outlet Refrigerant Subcooling Degree (°C) Evaporator Outlet Refrigerant Temperature (°C) Evaporator Outlet Refrigerant Superheating Degree (°C) Example 1 Cooling 455510108 Example 1 Heating -74010-201 Example 1 Heating -202010-291 Example 2 Cooling 455510108 Example 2 Heating -74010-201 Example 2 Heating -202010-291 Example 3 Cooling 455510108 Example 3 Heating -74010-201 Example 3 Heating -202010-291 Example 4 Cooling 455510108 Example 4 Heating -74010-201 Example 4 Heating-202010-291 Example 5 Cooling 455510108 Example 5 Heating-74010-201 Example 5 Heating-202010-291 Example 6 Cooling 455510108 Example 6 Heating-74010-201 Example 6 Heating-202010-291 Example 7 Cooling 455510108 Example 7 Heating-74010-201 Example 7 Heating-202010-291 Example 8 Cooling 455510108 Example 8 Heating-74010-201 Example 8 Heating-202010-291 Example 9 Cooling 455510108 Example 9 Heating-74010-201 Example 9 Heating-202010-291 Example 10 Cooling 455510108 Example 10 Heating-74010-201 Example 10 Heating-202010-291 Example 11 Cooling 455510108 Example 11 Heating-74010-201 Example 11 Heating-202010-291 Example 12 Cooling 455510108 Example 12 Heating-74010-201 Example 12 Heating-202010-291 Example 13 Cooling 455510108 Example 13 Heating-74010-201 Example 13 Heating-202010-291 Example 14 Cooling 455510108 Example 14 Heating-74010-201 Example 14 Heating-202010-291 Example 15 Cooling 455510108 Example 15 Heating-74010-201 Example 15 Heating-202010-291 Example 16 Cooling 455510108 Example 16 Heating-74010-201 Example 16 Heating-202010-291 Example 17 Cooling 455510108 Example 17 Heating-74010-201 Example 17 Heating-202010-291 Comparative Example 1 Cooling 4555 10108 Comparison Example1 Heating-74010-201 Comparative Example 1 Heating-202010-291 Comparative Example 2 Cooling 455510108 Comparative Example 2 Heating-74010-201 Comparative Example 2 Heating-202010-291 Comparative Example 3 Cooling 455510108 Comparative Example 3 Heating-74010-201 Comparative Example 3 Heating-202010-291

[0098] The cooling and heating analysis for the examples and comparative examples in Table 3 was verified using the 0D analysis program Cycle-D (provided by NIST). Specifically, the volumetric capacity, compressor outlet temperature, and pressure were evaluated through the cooling and heating analysis.

[0099] The above volumetric capacity was calculated using the following Equation 1.

[0100] [Equation 1]

[0101]

[0102] The evaluation results are shown in Tables 4 to 6 below.

[0103] Cooling Evaluation (Outdoor Temperature: 45 ℃) Classification Volume Capacity (kJ / ㎥) Compressor Outlet Pressure (kPaA) Compressor Outlet Temperature (℃) Example 1 2386.8 1509.7 78.4 Example 2 24000.2 1569.5 80.0 Example 3 2413.8 1629.8 81.7 Example 4 2427.1 1690.6 83.2 Example 5 2440.8 1751.7 84.8 Example 6 2454.5 1813.2 86.3 Example 7 2468.4 1874.9 87.8 Example 8 2482.2 1936.8 89.2 Example 9 2496.2 1998.9 90.7 Example 102510.32061.092.0 Example 112524.42123.393.4 Example 122538.72185.694.7 Example 132552.92247.896.0 Example 142567.42310.197.3 Example 152582.22372.298.5 Example 162596.72434.399.7 Example 172611.52496.3100.9 Comparative Example 12333.91277.071.4 Comparative Example 22360.31391.975.0 Comparative Example 32672.12742.5105.4

[0104] Heating Evaluation (Ambient Temperature: -7 ℃) Classification Volume Capacity (kJ / ㎥) Compressor Outlet Pressure (kPaA) Compressor Outlet Temperature (℃) Example 1 1259.0 1081.4 68.0 Example 2 1276.0 1131.9 70.0 Example 3 1292.9 1182.9 72.0 Example 4 1309.6 1234.1 73.9 Example 5 1326.5 1285.7 75.8 Example 6 1343.2 1337.4 77.6 Example 7 1359.7 1389.3 79.3 Example 8 1376.4 1441.3 81.1 Example 9 1393.1 1493.3 82.8 Example 101409.51545.584.4 Example 111426.31597.686.1 Example 121442.61649.687.6 Example 131459.11701.689.2 Example 141475.71753.690.7 Example 151492.41805.492.2 Example 161509.01857.193.6 Example 171525.61908.695.1 Comparative Example 11190.4884.359.3 Comparative Example 21225.1981.763.8 Comparative Example 31592.62112.9100.5

[0105] Heating Evaluation (Ambient Temperature: -20 ℃) ​​Classification Volume Capacity (kJ / ㎥) Compressor Outlet Pressure (kPaA) Compressor Outlet Temperature (℃) Example 1 957.8659.252.0 Example 2 971.6697.454.4 Example 3 985.3735.756.6 Example 4 998.9774.358.8 Example 5 1012.4813.061.0 Example 6 1025.8851.863.0 Example 7 1039.2890.765.0 Example 8 1052.4929.666.9 Example 9 1065.5968.568.8 Example 10 1078.51007.370.6 Example 111091.71046.172.4 Example 121104.51084.874.1 Example 131117.61123.475.7 Example 141130.41161.977.4 Example 151143.51200.279.0 Example 161156.51238.480.5 Example 171169.41276.482.0 Comparative Example 1900.2510.041.6 Comparative Example 2928.3583.847.0 Comparative Example 31221.41426.687.7

[0106] Volumetric capacity is the amount of energy a refrigerant can contain per unit volume; the larger the volumetric capacity, the greater the amount of energy that an equal volume of refrigerant can move, making it a refrigerant with good air conditioning performance.

[0107] If the compressor outlet temperature and pressure are too high, the durability and performance of the heat pump may be degraded as described above.

[0108] Referring to Table 4, in the embodiments within the scope of the present disclosure, the volumetric capacity in the cooling evaluation (outdoor temperature of 45°C) is 2386.8 kJ / m² 3 This was the case, and the compressor outlet temperature was 100.9 ℃ or lower.

[0109] Referring to Table 5, in the embodiments within the scope of the present disclosure, the volumetric capacity at the cooling evaluation (outdoor temperature of -7 °C) is 1259.0 kJ / m² 3 This was the case, and the compressor outlet temperature was 95.1 ℃ or lower.

[0110] Referring to Table 6, in the embodiments within the scope of the present disclosure, the volumetric capacity at a cooling evaluation (outdoor temperature of -20°C) is 957.8 kJ / m² 3 This was the case, and the compressor outlet temperature was 82.0 ℃ or lower.

[0111] Referring to Tables 4 to 6, in the case of Examples 1 to 17, the volumetric capacity was higher than that of the refrigerant composition or mixed refrigerant composition of Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2.

[0112] In the case of Comparative Example 3, the volumetric capacity was higher than that of the examples, but the compressor outlet temperature and pressure were higher.

[0113] Accordingly, it is preferable to use carbon dioxide in an amount of 2% to 10% by weight of the mixed refrigerant composition and 3,3,3-trifluoropropene in an amount of 90% to 98% by weight of the mixed refrigerant composition.

Claims

1. With respect to the full weight of the mixed refrigerant composition, 2% to 10% by weight of carbon dioxide (R-744), and A mixed refrigerant composition comprising 90% to 98% by weight of 3,3,3-trifluoropropene (3,3,3-trifluoropropene, R-1243zf).

2. A mixed refrigerant composition according to claim 1, wherein the ratio of the content of 3,3,3-trifluoropropene to the content of carbon dioxide in the total weight of the mixed refrigerant composition is 5 to 70.

3. A mixed refrigerant composition according to claim 1, wherein the boiling point of the mixed refrigerant composition at 1 atm is -65 ℃ to -35 ℃.

4. A mixed refrigerant composition according to claim 1, wherein the critical temperature of the mixed refrigerant composition is 100 ℃ to 110 ℃.

5. A mixed refrigerant composition according to claim 1, wherein the critical pressure of the mixed refrigerant composition is 35 bar to 50 bar.

6. A mixed refrigerant composition according to claim 1, wherein the latent heat at -25 ℃ of the mixed refrigerant composition is 215 kJ / kg to 230 kJ / kg.

7. A mixed refrigerant composition according to claim 1, wherein the temperature glide of the mixed refrigerant composition at a pressure of 1.5 bar is 10 ℃ to 35 ℃.

8. A mixed refrigerant composition according to claim 1, wherein the temperature glide of the mixed refrigerant composition at a pressure of 15 bar is 5 ℃ to 30 ℃.

9. The mixed refrigerant composition of Claim 1, wherein the Global Warming Potentials (GWP) of the mixed refrigerant composition is 1 to 5.

10. A heat pump comprising the mixed refrigerant composition of Claim 1.

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