Mining / construction machine cable guide arm

Abstract

A cable guide arm (70) of a mining or construction machine for operating in a mining environment, the cable guide arm being arranged to guide a high-power cable (30) connected to the mining / construction machine, the cable guide arm comprising a first part (90) attached to the mining / construction machine; a second part (100); a pivoting hinge (110) connecting the first part (90) and the second part (100); a shear pin (140) located adjacent to the pivoting hinge (110) and configured to fail when the pivoting hinge (110) exerts a predetermined force on the shear pin (140); and a limit switch (150) actuated upon failure of the shear pin (140), wherein the limit switch (150) disables tramming of the mining / construction machine when actuated.

Description

1137301MINING / CONSTRUCTION MACHINE CABLE GUIDE ARMTechnical field

[0001] The technology pertains to the field of mining or construction machinery, specifically focusing on the components and mechanisms that facilitate the operation of such machinery. It also relates to the systems and devices used for managing and controlling the transmission of electrical power within these machines.Background art

[0002] In the field of mining and construction, heavy machinery such as electric operated drill rigs often require a high-power source for their operations. This power is typically supplied through a grid connection via a cable reel system and / or via a battery source system. The cable reel system comprises a cable storage assembly (e.g., large drum) to store the cable and a spooling device to evenly lay the cable on the drum as it is wound in. Given the high-power requirements, the cable used is typically of a large diameter, which necessitates a large minimum bend radius to prevent damage to the cable.

[0003] However, several problems are associated with the prior art in context of preventing damaging of the cable. One of the main issues is maintaining the minimum bend radius of the cable, especially when the cable is connected to the electrical network, or ‘grid’, while the machine is moving, or 'tramming', as the cable must be able to move with the machine while still maintaining its minimum bend radius. If the minimum bend radius is not maintained, it can lead to damage to the cable, which can disrupt operations of the mining / construction machines and lead to costly repairs or replacements.

[0004] Another problem is the side loading of the spooling device. Side loading must be avoided to prevent damage to both the spooling device and the cable. However, ensuring this can be challenging, especially during tramming of the machine.1137302

[0005] The cable may have a maximum allowable static tension in the range of 10 000 N. If the maximum tension is exceeded, it can result in over-tensioning, which can damage the cable. Therefore, mechanisms to prevent over-tensioning are necessary. However, the prior art does not provide an effective solution to this problem.

[0006] Furthermore, the cable reel system must be robust enough to handle the harsh conditions of a mining or construction site, including high temperatures and uneven surfaces. The system must also be cost-effective and easy to maintain to ensure operational efficiency.

[0007] Existing solutions in the prior art have attempted to address these problems, but they have their own limitations. For instance, CN212784711 U discloses a rotating arm system with a pin sensor to restrict rotation and detect radial force in real time. However, this system can fail under high tension, leading to significant rotation and potential damage to the equipment.

[0008] In summary, the prior art presents several challenges related to maintaining the minimum bend radius of the cable, avoiding side loading of the spooling device, preventing over-tensioning of the cable, and ensuring the robustness, cost-effectiveness, and ease of maintenance of the cable reel system.Summary of invention

[0009] An object of the present invention is to overcome at least some of the problems outlines above.

[0010] According to a first aspect of the disclosure, a cable guide arm of an electrical mining and / or construction machine for operating in a mining environment is arranged to guide a high-power cable connected to the mining / construction machine. The cable guide arm comprises a first part attached to the electrical mining / construction machine, a second part, a pivoting hinge connecting the second part to the first part, a shear pin located adjacent to the pivoting hinge and configured to fail when the pivoting hinge exerts a predetermined force on the shear pin, and a limit switch actuated upon failure of1137303 the shear pin, wherein the limit switch disables tramming when actuated. This configuration ensures that the high-power cable is effectively managed and protected, preventing over-tensioning and potential damage to the cable and the machine. The cable is particularly prone to over-tensioning when the mining / construction machine is turning (during tramming) and the cable is not spooled on / off a cable reel fast enough. The present disclosure provides that, when the cable guide arm rotates to a specific swing angle and the mining / construction machine continues to turn without the cable being spooled on / off a cable reel fast enough, causing high tension in the cable, the shear pin will shear by the force caused by the tension in the cable.

[0011] Optionally in some examples, the limit switch transmits a signal to a control system of the electrical mining / construction machine to disable tramming. This feature provides an automated response to the failure of the shear pin, ensuring that the machine ceases movement immediately, thereby preventing further stress or damage to the cable and enhancing the safety and reliability of the machine's operations.

[0012] Optionally in some examples, the cable guide arm comprises an actuator element arranged in connection to the pivoting hinge, wherein the actuator element is arranged to come into contact with, and actuate, the limit switch. This mechanism ensures that the system has a fail-safe in place, first shearing the shear pin to prevent over-tensioning and then actuating the limit switch to disable tramming, providing a robust and reliable safety mechanism.

[0013] Optionally in some examples, the actuator element is attached to and rotates with a hinge block of the pivoting hinge. This attachment ensures that the actuator element moves in unison with the pivoting hinge, providing precise control over the actuation of the limit switch, thereby enhancing the accuracy and reliability of the safety mechanism.

[0014] Optionally in some examples, wherein the shear pin shears under a force of from the pivoting hinge corresponding to the high-power cable experiencing a cable tension of 50% + / - 5% of a maximum cable tension. The maximum cable1137304 tension is the static tension where damage may be caused to the high-power cable and is calculated based on the total cross-sectional area of all individual wires in the high-power cable. iProviding a clear and defined threshold for the shear pin to fail, ensures that the system responds appropriately to prevent overtensioning of the cable, thereby protecting the cable and the machine from potential damage.

[0015] Optionally in some examples, the limit switch triggers an alert when actuated. This alert system provides immediate feedback to the operator or the control system, indicating that the shear pin has failed and that tramming has been disabled, thereby allowing for prompt corrective actions to be taken.

[0016] Optionally in some examples, the alert indicates that an acceptable cable tension has been exceeded and / or that tramming has been disabled. This detailed alert information helps the operator or the control system to understand the specific issue, enabling more effective troubleshooting and maintenance.

[0017] Optionally in some examples, the alert is communicated to an operator of the mining / construction machine via a communication system of the mining / construction machine. This communication ensures that the operator is promptly informed of the issue, even if they are not in the immediate vicinity of the machine, thereby enhancing operational safety and efficiency.

[0018] Optionally in some examples, the alert is communicated to an overhead system of the mining environment via a communication system, the overhead system being in communication with all mining / construction machines in the mining environment. This feature allows for centralized monitoring and coordination, ensuring that all relevant personnel and systems are aware of the issue, thereby facilitating a coordinated and efficient response to the problem.

[0019] Optionally in some examples, the pivoting hinge pivots the second part in a horizontal direction. This horizontal pivoting capability allows the cable guide arm to adapt to the movements of the mining / construction machine, ensuring that the1137305 high-power cable is guided smoothly and without excessive bending, thereby maintaining the cable's integrity and functionality.

[0020] According to a second aspect of the disclosure, an electrical mining and / or construction machine comprises a high-power cable for connecting the electrical mining and / or construction machine with an electrical network, wherein the high-power cable facilitates transmitting electrical power to the mining / construction machine for traveling and / or mining operations. The machine also comprises a cable guide assembly mounted at the back of the electrical mining / construction machine, the cable guide assembly comprising a cable guide arm as described in any one of the preceding claims. This configuration ensures that the high-power cable is effectively managed and protected, preventing overtensioning and potential damage to the cable and the machine.

[0021] Optionally in some examples, the cable guide assembly comprises a chassis covering a cable storage assembly, and the cable guide arm is connected to the chassis. This feature provides a protective housing for the cable storage components, ensuring that the high-power cable is stored in an organized and secure manner, thereby enhancing the durability and reliability of the cable management system.

[0022] Optionally in some examples, a high-power cable exits through the chassis and is guided through a cable guiding device arranged at a distal end of the second part of the cable guide arm. This arrangement ensures that the high- power cable is guided smoothly and efficiently from the storage assembly to the point of use, minimizing the risk of damage or entanglement and ensuring reliable power transmission to the mining / construction machine.Brief description of drawings

[0023] The invention is now described, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:Figure 1. Mining / construction machine with cable guide assembly, spooling device, cable guide arm, cable connection, and high-power cable.1137306Figure 2. Cable guide assembly with chassis, storage assembly, spooling device, cable guide arm, cable guiding device, and cable connection.Figure 3. Cable guide arm with cable guiding device, first part, second part, and pivoting hinge.Figure 4. Cable guide arm with cable guiding device, first part, second part, and pivoting hinge.Figure 5. Perspective view of pivoting hinge with first part, second part, hinge pin, hinge block, shear pin, limit switch, actuator element, and two actuating projections.Figure 6. Top view of pivoting hinge with hinge pin, hinge block, shear pin, limit switch, switch roller, actuator element, and two actuating projections.Figure 7. Distal end of the first part of the cable guide arm and pivoting hinge with hinge pin and hinge block.Figure 8. Distal end of the first part of the cable guide arm with hinge pin, shear pin, and limit switch.Figure 9. Actuator element and hinge block of pivoting hinge with two actuating projections.Description of embodiments

[0024] In the following, a detailed description of a mining / construction machine, a cable guide arm and methods for their use are provided. In the figures, like reference numerals designate identical or corresponding elements throughout the figures. It will be appreciated that these figures are for illustration only and do not in any way restrict the scope of the present disclosure.

[0025] Figure 1 shows a mining / construction machine with a cable guide assembly 10, a spooling device 60, a cable guide arm 70, a cable connection 20, and a high-power cable 30. The cable guide assembly 10 is mounted on the machine and is capable of managing a high-power cable 30. The cable guide arm113730770 guides the high-power cable 30, it may for example positions the high-power cable 30 on the ground during unspooling, for example during tramming. The cable connection 20 is used to secure the high-power cable 30 when it is not connected to a power source.

[0026] Figure 2 shows the cable guide assembly 10 with its components, including a chassis 40, a storage assembly 50, the spooling device 60, the cable guide arm 70, a cable guiding device 80, and the cable connection 20. The chassis 40 covers the storage assembly 50, here displayed as a cable drum, which organizes the high-power cable 30. The spooling device 60 ensures the cable is evenly wound on the storage assembly 50. The cable guide arm 70, connected to the chassis 40, guides the cable through the cable guiding device 80. The cable connection 20 secures the cable when not in use.

[0027] Figure 3 shows the cable guide arm 70 with its components, comprising the cable guiding device 80, a first part 90, a second part 100, a pivoting hinge 110. The first part 90 is attached to the mining machine, and the second part 100 is connected to the first part 90 via the pivoting hinge 110. The cable guiding device 80 is located at a distal end of the second part 100, facilitating the smooth movement of the high-power cable 30.

[0028] Figure 4 shows the cable guide arm 70 with the cable guiding device 80, the first part 90, the second part 100, and the pivoting hinge 110. The first part 90 is stationary with respect to the mining machine, while the second part 100 is connected to the first part 90 via the pivoting hinge 110. The pivoting hinge 110 pivots in left and right of a center position, displayed as a dashed arrow. In other wors, the pivoting hinge 110 pivots in a horizontal direction. The cable guiding device 80 is positioned at the distal end of the second part 100, ensuring the cable is guided properly.

[0029] Figure 5 shows a perspective view of the pivoting hinge 110 with the first part 90, the second part 100, a hinge pin 120, a hinge block 130, a shear pin 140, a limit switch 150, an actuator element 170, and two actuating projections 170b. The hinge pin 120 extends through the hinge block 130, allowing the second part1137308100 to pivot relative to the first part 90. The shear pin 140 is designed to fail when a predetermined force (e.g., lateral force) acts on it, due to cable tension, and the limit switch 150 is actuated upon this failure. The actuator element 170, with its two actuating projections 170b, interacts with the limit switch 150.

[0030] Figure 6 shows a top view of the pivoting hinge 110 with the hinge pin 120, the hinge block 130, the shear pin 140, the limit switch 150, the actuator element 170, and the two actuating projections 170b. The hinge pin 120 and hinge block 130 facilitate the pivoting motion. The shear pin 140 is constructed to fail when a predetermined force of the pivoting hinge 110 acts thereon, triggering the limit switch 150.

[0031] Figure 7 shows the distal end of the first part 90 of the cable guide arm 70 and the pivoting hinge 110 with the hinge pin 120 and the hinge block 130. The hinge pin 120 extends through the hinge block 130, allowing the second part 100, being attached to the hinge block 130, to pivot relative to the first part 90.

[0032] Figure 8 shows the distal end of the first part 90 of the cable guide arm 70 with the hinge pin 120, the hinge block 130, the shear pin 140, and the limit switch 150. The hinge pin 120 facilitates the pivoting motion, while the shear pin 140 is designed to fail at a predetermined force. The limit switch 150 is actuated upon the failure of the shear pin 140.

[0033] Figure 9 shows the actuator element 170 and the hinge block 130 of the pivoting hinge 110 with the two actuating projections 170b. The actuator element 170 is attached to the hinge block 130. The two actuating projections 170b on the actuator element 170 are configured to interact with the limit switch 150. The actuator element 170 has a side 170a arranged to face the shear pin 140 and limit switch 130, and the hinge block 130 also has a side 130a arranged to face the shear pin 140 and limit switch 130. As displayed, these sides 170a, 130a may have a corresponding curvature.1. Electrically Operated Mining / Construction Machine Details1137309

[0034] When reference is made to a mining / construction machine, this will be understood as a machine arranged to operate, including travelling, in a mining environment. Thus, the machine may for example perform operations specifically related to the mining cycle, such as drilling, loading, hauling and dumping, or other operations necessary for the operations in a mining environment, such as related to construction. The mining environment may be, but is not limited to, an underground mine, a surface mine, or an open pit mine. The mining environment may be an area adjacent to or in connection to a mine. As such, the mining environment could be seen as any area where the machine may normally be operating. According to other embodiments, the machine may for example be a truck, such as a mine truck or a dump truck, a hauler, a machine for drilling, or another machine suitable for operation in a mining environment.

[0035] The electrically operated mining / construction machine may incorporate onboard high-voltage batteries to provide electrical power for the machine's operations during battery-powered travel. The machine comprises a cable guide assembly 10 and a cable connection 20. The cable connection 20 prevents a free end of a high-power cable 30 from dangling when the high-power cable 30 is not connected to a power source. The free end of the high-power cable 30 is connected to the cable connection 20 during battery-powered travel. The high- power cable 30 is a component of the machine and transmits electrical power to the mining / construction machine for traveling or mining operations. The high- power cable 30 is guided through the cable guiding device 80, and thus suspended under the cable guiding arm 70. The high-power cable 30 may exit through the chassis 40 and is reeled on and off the storage assembly 50.

[0036] The electrically operated mining / construction machine may also comprise a communication system and a control system. The communication system transmits data between the machine's components and the operator for control and monitoring purposes. The machine also comprises an operator interface that can be remote from the mining / construction machine or integrated with the mining / construction machine. Other components of the electrically operated11373010 mining / construction machine may comprise a vehicle chassis, a travel system, and a battery management system.1.1 Cable Guide Assembly

[0037] The cable guide assembly 10 is a component of the electrically operated mining / construction machine. The cable guide assembly 10 is capable of handling the high-power cable 30. The cable guide assembly 10 comprises the chassis 40. In some configurations, the chassis 40 is mounted at the back of the mining / construction machine. The chassis 40 covers the storage assembly 50. The cable guide assembly 10 comprises the storage assembly 50. For example, the storage assembly 50 may be a cable drum. The storage assembly 50 is configured to store the cable in an organized manner. The cable guide assembly 10 comprises the spooling device 60. The spooling device 60 evenly lays the cable on the storage assembly 50 while it is wound in. The cable guide assembly 10 comprises the cable guide arm 70.1.1.1 Cable Guide Arm

[0038] The cable guide arm 70 is a component of the cable guide assembly 10. The cable guide arm 70 comprises the first part 90, the second part 100, the pivoting hinge 110, the shear pin 140, the limit switch 150, and may comprise the actuator element 170. The cable guide arm 70 also comprises the cable guiding device 80. The cable guiding device 80 may be arranged at a distal end of the second part 100. The cable guiding device 80 facilitates smooth movement of the cable through the cable guiding device 80.1.1.1.1. First Part

[0039] The cable guide arm 70 comprises the first part 90. The first part 90 is attached to the mining / construction machine. In some configurations, the first part 90 may be stationary with respect to the mining / construction machine. The first part 90 is connected to the second part 100 via the pivoting hinge 110. In some configurations, the first part 90 may constitute a first half of the cable guide arm 70. In some configurations, the first part 90 may have the shape of a bar. Forexample, the first part 90 may have a square cross-section. In some configurations, the first part 90 may have a hollow cross-section. In some configurations, the first part 90 may be made of steel. Steel provides robustness to the first part 90. In some configurations, the first part 90 may be attached to the mining / construction machine at a proximal end of the first part 90. The first part 90 is connected to the chassis 40 at a proximal end of the first part 90. In some configurations, the first part 90 may be arranged at the back of the vehicle. In some configurations, the first part 90 may be connected to the second part 100 at a distal end of the first part 90.1.1.1.2. Second Part

[0040] The cable guide arm 70 comprises the second part 100. The second part 100 is connected to the first part 90 via the pivoting hinge 110. In some configurations, the second part 100 may constitute a second half of the cable guide arm 70. In some configurations, the second part 100 may have the shape of a bar. For example, the second part 100 may have a square cross-section. In some configurations, the first part 90 may have a hollow cross-section. In some configurations, the second part 100 may be made of steel. Steel provides robustness to the second part 100. The second part 100 is connected to the first part 90 at a proximal end of the second part 100. In some configurations, the second part 100 may be arranged at the back of the vehicle.1.1.1.3. Pivoting Hinge

[0041] The cable guide arm 70 comprises the pivoting hinge 110. In some configurations, the pivoting hinge 110 may comprise the hinge pin 120. The hinge pin 120 cooperates with hinge block 130 for achieving a pivoting motion. The hinge pin 120 extends through the hinge block 130. In some configurations, the hinge pin 120 may be arranged on the first part 90. In some configurations, the pivoting hinge 110 may connect the first part 90 and second part 100 of the cable guide arm 70. The pivoting hinge 110 pivots the second part 100 in a horizontal motion. Horizontal is defined as the width direction of the mining / construction machine. The pivoting hinge 110 pivots in left and right of the center position. The12 center position is defined as the first part 90 and the second part 100 extending parallel. The pivoting hinge 110 maintains the minimum bend radius while the vehicle turns during tramming. In some configurations, the hinge pin 120 may be arranged on the distal end of the first part 90. In some configurations, the pivoting hinge 110 may comprise the hinge block 130.1.1.1.3.1. Hinge Block

[0042] The pivoting hinge 110 may comprise the hinge block 130. The hinge block 130 cooperates with hinge pin 120 for achieving a pivoting motion. The hinge block 130 rotates around the hinge pin 120. This rotation facilitates the pivoting motion of the assembly. In some configurations, the hinge block 130 is arranged on the second part 100. In some instances, the hinge block 130 is arranged connected to the proximal end of the second part 100. A side of the hinge block 130 is arranged to come into contact with the shear pin 140. The side comprises an inwards curvature 130a making space for the shear pin 140. The inwards curvature 130a provides that the pivoting hinge 110 may pivot within a first predetermined swing angle without the hinge block 130 contacting the shear pin 140. In some configurations, the predetermined first swing angle is an angle left or right of the center position of the pivoting hinge 110. For example, the first predetermined swing angle may be 25°. For example, the first predetermined swing angle may be 30°. For example, the first predetermined swing angle may be 35°. For example, the first predetermined swing angle may be 40°. Additionally, the side of the hinge block 130 comprises two hinge block projections 130b. The two hinge block projections 130b provide that, when the pivoting hinge 110 pivots to the first predetermined swing angle, the two hinge block projections 130b come into contact with the shear pin 140. When the hinge block 130 comes into contact with the shear pin 140, a force is acting on the shear pin 140. When this force reaches a predetermined force, the shear pin 140 is sheared. The shear pin 140 may be chosen such that the predetermined force corresponds to a given cable tension of the high-power cable 30. For example, the predetermined force may correspond to the high-power cable 30 experiencing a cable tension of 50% + / - 5% of a maximum cable tension. Or, the predetermined force may correspond to thehigh-power cable 30 experiencing a cable tension of 50% + 5% / -20% of a maximum cable tension. The maximum cable tension (where dgamge is cause to the cable) is calculated based on the total cross-sectional area of all individual wires in the high-power cable 30. In one example, the total cross-sectional area is 61 mm2and the maximum cable tension is 10800 N. The force may for example be exceeded if the cable does not reel in / out sufficiently fast, causing tension in the cable. The tension in the cable translates to an increased force form the hinge block 130 on the shear pin 140. The hinge block 130 may have a height essentially equal to the height of the shear pin 140. This increases the contact surface between the hinge block 130 and the shear pin 140, providing a more even force distribution, which in turn provides a more robust solution. The curvature of the hinge block 130 comprising the inwards curvature 130a and the two hinge block projections 130b, may have a curvature such that it corresponds to a curvature of the actuator element 170 being attached thereto. In some configurations, the inwards curvature 130a corresponds to a curvature of the actuator element 170, but projections of the actuator element 170 extend further and / or are arranged at a greater distance, such that the actuator element 170 does not come into contact with the shear pin 140. In some configurations, the actuator element 170 is an integrated part of the hinge block 130.1.1.1.4. Shear Pin

[0043] The cable guide arm 70 comprises the shear pin 140. The shear pin 140 is a mechanical sacrificial part. The shear pin 140 fails when the pivoting hinge 110 exerts a predetermined force thereon. When the pivoting hinge 110 exerts a force on the shear pin 140 below the predetermined force, the shear pin limits the motion of the pivoting hinge. This prevents over-tensioning of the cable. The shear pin 140 acts as a mechanical safety limit for hinge motion. In some configurations, the shear pin 140 may act as an end stop. In some configurations, the shear pin 140 may be located on the first part 90. In some configurations, the shear pin 140 may be located on the distal end of the first part 90. In some configurations, the shear pin 140 may be located between the limit switch 150 and actuator element 170, such that the actuator element 170 cannot come into contact with the limit14 switch 150 before failure of the shear pin. The shear pin 140 enables precise control of cable tension by shearing at the predetermined force, thus preventing over-tensioning. The shear pin 140 provides a cost-effective and simple mechanical safety mechanism. The shear pin 140 is robust and reliable under various environmental conditions, including high temperatures and uneven surfaces. The shear pin 140 minimizes the risk of damage to the cable guide assembly 10 and high-power cable 30. The shear pin 140 ensures immediate feedback and response, disabling tramming to prevent further issues once it shears. The shear pin 140 allows easy and quick replacement, minimizing downtime and maintenance costs. In some configurations, the shear pin 140 may be a bolted shear pin 140. In some configurations, the shear pin 140 may be a pre-scored shear pin 140. In some configurations, the shear pin 140 may be a metal shear pin 140.1 .1 .1 .5. Limit Switch

[0044] The cable guide arm 70 comprises the limit switch 150. In some configurations, the limit switch 150 may be actuated at a second predetermined swing angle left or right of the center position of the pivoting hinge 110. The pivoting hinge cannot reach the second predetermined swing angle until the shear pin 140 is sheared, and no longer blocks the pivoting motion. A such, the second predetermined swing angle is larger than the first predetermined swing angle. For example, the second predetermined swing angle is 1-10° larger than the first predetermined swing angle. For example, the second predetermined swing angle is 1-5° larger than the first predetermined swing angle. For example, the second predetermined swing angle is 5-10° larger than the first predetermined swing angle. In some configurations, the limit switch 150 is actuated by the actuator element 170. In some configurations, the limit switch 150 may be a roller type limit switch. In some configurations, the roller type limit switch may comprise the switch roller 160. The switch roller 160 is actuated by the actuator element 170. In some configurations, the limit switch 150 may be arranged on the first part 90. In some configurations, the limit switch 150 may be arranged at least partly inside the distal end of the first part 90. In some configurations, the part of the limit switch 15011373015 arranged to be actuated extends out of an opening in the distal end of the first part 90. In some configurations, the electrical components of the limit switch 150 are arranged inside the distal end of the first part 90 for protection. In some configurations, the limit switch 150 may be arranged on the distal end of the first part 90. The limit switch 150 is an electro-mechanical device used to send an electrical signal based on a physical interaction. The limit switch 150 is used because of its ruggedness, ease of installation, and reliability of operation. The limit switch 150 is operated by the motion of a machine part or the presence of an object. The limit switch 150 triggers an alert when actuated. For example, the alert is communicated to an operator of the mining / construction machine via the communication system. For example, the alert is communicated to an overhead system of the mining environment via the communication system, the overhead system being in communication with all vehicles in the mining environment. The limit switch 150 triggering an alert when actuated enables prompt awareness of the over-tensioning issue, allowing for immediate corrective actions. The limit switch 150 triggering an alert when actuated enhances operator safety by providing timely notifications of potential mechanical failures. The limit switch 150 triggering an alert when actuated improves operational efficiency by reducing the likelihood of prolonged undetected issues. The limit switch 150 triggering an alert when actuated ensures that maintenance is performed only when necessary, minimizing unnecessary checks and interventions. The limit switch 150 triggering an alert when actuated allows for remote monitoring and alerts, which is beneficial in large-scale mining or construction operations, as well as control of autonomously operated mining / construction machines. The limit switch 150 triggering an alert when actuated reduces downtime by enabling quick response actions to resolve the over-tensioning issue. The limit switch 150 triggering an alert when actuated helps maintain the integrity of the equipment by preventing continued operation under harmful conditions. The limit switch 150 disables tramming when actuated. This ensures immediate stoppage of the vehicle, preventing further tension and potential damage to the cable. This provides a failsafe mechanism to protect the high-power cable 30 from further stress or damage. This prevents any additional lateral forces from acting on the cable, thereby11373016 maintaining its structural integrity. This reduces the likelihood of cable failures during critical operations by stopping the machine promptly. This minimizes the need for extensive repairs by immediately stopping tramming when overtensioning is detected. This facilitates quick identification and resolution of issues, reducing overall downtime.1 .1 .1 .6. Actuator Element

[0045] The cable guide arm 70 comprises the actuator element 170. For example, once the shear pin 140 shears (e.g., using the hinge block), the actuator element 170 rotates additionally to actuate the limit switch 150. In some configurations, the actuator element 170 may be attached to the hinge block 130. The actuator element 170 can be exchanged without exchanging the hinge block 130. The actuator element 170 is bolted to the hinge block 130. In some configurations, the actuator element 170 may be a releasable attachment to the hinge block 130. In some configurations, the actuator element 170 may actuate the limit switch 150 at the second predetermined swing angle left or right of the center position of the pivoting hinge 110. A such, the second predetermined swing angle is larger than the first predetermined swing angle. For example, the second predetermined swing angle is 5° larger than the first predetermined swing angle. For example, the second predetermined swing angle is larger than the first predetermined swing angle. For example, the second predetermined swing angle is 5-10° larger than the first predetermined swing angle. The actuator element 170 prevents the cable from exceeding its minimum bend radius. In some configurations, the actuator element 170 is plate shaped.1 .1 .1.6.1 . Actuating projections

[0046] A side of the actuator element 170 facing the limit switch 150 comprises an inwards curvature 170a making space for the shear pin 140 as well as the limit switch 150. The inwards curvature 170a provides that the pivoting hinge 110 may pivot within a first and second predetermined swing angle without the actuator element 170 contacting either the shear pin 140 or limit switch 150. A side of the actuator element 170 facing the limit switch 150 comprises two actuating11373017 projections 170b. The two actuating projections 170b are arranged to come into contact with, and actuate, the limit switch 150 at a second predetermined swing angle from the center position. The extension of and / or distance between the two actuating projections 170b can vary based on the type or size of the limit switch 150, such as the size of a switch roller 160. The second predetermined swing angle may be determined by the extension of and / or distance between the two actuating projections 170b. In some instances, the actuator element 170 may be exchanged when a different second predetermined swing angle is desired. In some configurations, wherein the actuator element in plate shaped, the two actuating projections 170b project in the plane of the plate. In some configurations, the actuating projections 170b extend further and / or have a greater distance between them compared to the hinge block projections 130b. This provides that the actuating projections 170b do not contact the shear pin 140, but only the limit switch 150. For example, the actuating projections are only for actuating the limit switch 150 and do not contact the shear pin 140. The hinge block below the actuator element, which is far more robust than the actuator element, contacts and shears the pin 140.2. Method Details

[0047] This section outlines the method for utilizing the invention, detailing the sequential steps involved and their relationships. It encompasses various operational stages, including specific measurements and potential alternative approaches for each step. These alternatives offer adaptability to diverse conditions and requirements, ensuring operational flexibility. The method prioritizes the safety and integrity of the high-power cable 30 and the mining / construction machine during operation.2.1 . Connection of Cable to Grid or Cable Connection

[0048] This method step involves connecting the high-power cable 30 to either the electrical grid or the cable connection 20. When connected to the grid, the mining / construction machine receives external electrical power for its operations. Conversely, when connected to the cable connection 20, the machine operates in11373018 battery-powered mode, with the cable connection 20 securing the free end of the high-power cable 30 to prevent it from dangling. The choice between these connections depends on the operational needs and power source availability.2.2. Tramming Initiation Process

[0049] This method step initiates the tramming process of the mining / construction machine. Tramming refers to the controlled movement of the machine, typically on a horizontal plane, using its onboard travel system. This process may involve specific procedures, such as engaging the drive system, releasing brakes, and initiating motion control sequences. The tramming process is essential for maneuvering the machine within the mining environment.2.3. Limit Switch Actuation upon Shear Pin Failure

[0050] This method step describes the actuation of the limit switch 150 upon shear pin 140 failure. When the shear pin 140 breaks, the actuator element 170, no longer restrained, continues to rotate with the pivoting hinge 110. This rotation brings the actuator element 170 into contact with the limit switch 150, actuating it. The limit switch 150, upon actuation, transmits a signal to the control system of the mining / construction machine, triggering one or a series of actions, such as disabling tramming, activating an alert system, or logging the event. The system may employ various methods to disable tramming, such as interrupting power to the drive system or engaging emergency brakes.2.4. Shear Pin Replacement and Limit Switch Reset

[0051] This method step outlines the procedure for replacing the shear pin 140 and resetting the limit switch 150 after a shear pin 140 failure. It involves accessing the pivoting hinge 110 assembly, removing the broken shear pin 140, and installing a new one. Following the shear pin 140 replacement, the limit switch 150 may need to be reset to its default state, enabling it to function correctly in future events. Alternatively, the limit switch 150 is automatically reset when no force is acting on it (i.e. , the limit switch 150 may be a momentary switch that will return to the centered position once the arm angle is less than 30°). This step may11373019 also involve inspecting other components for potential damage and ensuring the system is ready for continued operation.3. Operational Process

[0052] The operational process of the cable guide arm 70, shear pin 140, and limit switch 150 system ensures the safe and efficient operation of the mining / construction machine while protecting the high-power cable 30 from damage. This process involves a sequence of interconnected steps that work together to maintain the integrity of the cable and the overall system.

[0053] The process begins with the connection of the high-power cable 30 to either the electrical grid or the cable connection 20, depending on the operational mode. Once connected, the tramming process can be initiated, allowing the machine to move within the mining environment. During tramming, the cable guide arm 70 plays a crucial role in guiding the cable and preventing it from being subjected to excessive stress or bending.

[0054] The shear pin 140 acts as a safety mechanism, designed to fail when a predetermined force acts on it if the cable guide arm 70 swings beyond the first predetermined angle, indicating potential over-tensioning of the cable. Upon shear pin 140 failure, the limit switch 150 is activated, triggering one or a series of actions, such as disabling tramming and alerting the operator. This immediate response prevents further damage to the cable and ensures operator safety.

[0055] After a shear pin 140 failure, the system requires a reset procedure, which involves replacing the broken shear pin 140. This ensures the system is ready for continued operation and maintains its safety features. The operational process, with its interconnected steps and safety mechanisms, ensures the reliable and efficient operation of the mining / construction machine while safeguarding the high-power cable 30 from potential damage.3.1. Cable Guide Arm Functionality during Tramming11373020

[0056] During tramming, as the mining / construction machine maneuvers, the cable guide arm 70 pivots horizontally, accommodating the turns and movements of the machine. This pivoting action ensures that the high-power cable 30 maintains a safe bend radius, preventing kinks or damage. The cable guide arm's design, with its first part 90 and second part 100 connected by the pivoting hinge 110, allows for flexibility while ensuring the cable remains guided and protected.

[0057] The cable guiding device 80, located at the distal end of the second part 100 of the cable guide arm 70, facilitates the smooth movement of the cable as it is paid out or retracted. This device may consist of rollers or guides that minimize friction and prevent the cable from snagging or becoming entangled. The cable guide arm's functionality during tramming is essential for maintaining the integrity of the high-power cable 30 and ensuring uninterrupted power supply to the machine.3.2. Shear Pin Functionality and Failure Mechanism

[0058] The shear pin's failure mechanism is based on its material properties and dimensions. When the force acting on the shear pin 140 exceeds its shear strength, it breaks. Various types of shear pins can be used, each with its specific characteristics and advantages. Bolted shear pin 140 offer adjustability, allowing for different shear strengths by using bolts of varying grades. Pre-scored shear pin 140 provide a controlled breaking point, ensuring a predictable failure at the desired load. Metal shear pin 140, commonly made of materials like steel or aluminum, offer robustness and reliability in demanding mining environments. For example, the first and second parts of the arm are still connected by the hinge pin and hinge block after the shear pin is sheared. The limit switch 150 being actuated after the pin 140 is sheared stops tramming which prevents the cable tension from further increasing.3.3. Limit Switch Actuation and Resulting Actions

[0059] The limit switch 150, an electromechanical device, may be strategically positioned within the cable guide arm 70 assembly to be activated upon shear pin11373021140 failure. When the shear pin 140 breaks, the actuator element 170, no longer restrained, continues to rotate with the pivoting hinge 110, eventually coming into contact with the limit switch 150.

[0060] This contact triggers the limit switch 150, sending an electrical signal to the control system of the mining / construction machine. The control system, upon receiving this signal, initiates one or a series of actions to prevent further damage and ensure safety.

[0061] One of the primary actions is the immediate disabling of tramming. This prevents the machine from moving further, eliminating the risk of additional stress on the cable. Simultaneously, the limit switch 150 activation triggers an alert system, notifying the operator of the situation. This alert can be visual, audible, or a combination of both, ensuring the operator is aware of the shear pin 140 failure and can take appropriate action.

[0062] The limit switch's actuation and the subsequent actions it triggers are crucial for preventing catastrophic cable failure and ensuring the safety of the operator and the mining / construction machine.3.4. Actuator Element Interaction with Shear Pin and Limit Switch

[0063] As the pivoting hinge 110 reaches the first predetermined swing angle, the actuator element 170 comes into contact with the shear pin 140, transmitting the force to it. If this force exceeds the shear pin's strength, it breaks, allowing the actuator element 170 to continue rotating.

[0064] This continued rotation brings the actuator element 170 into contact with the limit switch 150. The actuator element 170, typically designed with projections or a specific shape, interacts with the limit switch's actuating mechanism, triggering it. This interaction ensures that the limit switch 150 is activated only after the shear pin 140 has failed, providing a reliable two-stage safety mechanism.

[0065] The actuator element's design and its interaction with the shear pin 140 and limit switch 150 are crucial for the system's effectiveness. The actuator11373022 element's material, shape, and positioning are carefully chosen to ensure reliable shear pin 140 breaking and limit switch 150 activation, guaranteeing the safety and integrity of the high-power cable 30 and the mining / construction machine.4. Description of Examples of the Disclosure

[0066] This section provides illustrative examples of the invention, highlighting specific configurations and their benefits. These examples are not exhaustive and should not be interpreted as limiting the scope of the invention. The invention encompasses a wide range of variations and modifications within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.

[0067] For instance, the cable guide arm 70 could be constructed using high- strength steel for both the first part 90 and second part 100, ensuring robustness and durability in demanding mining environments. The pivoting hinge 110 could incorporate sealed bearings for smooth operation and extended service life. The shear pin 140 could be a pre-scored type, designed to fail at a specific load, providing precise control over cable tension and preventing over-stressing. The limit switch 150 could be a robust industrial-grade model, resistant to shock and vibration, ensuring reliable operation in harsh conditions. The actuator element 170 could be a hardened steel plate with precisely positioned projections, ensuring accurate and repeatable actuation of the limit switch 150 upon shear pin 140 failure.4.1. Example of Cable Guide Arm with Specific Swing Angles

[0068] Consider a cable guide arm 70 with a first predetermined swing angle of 30 degrees left or right of the center position. This angle is chosen based on the minimum bend radius of the specific high-power cable 30 used in the mining / construction machine. The second predetermined swing angle, at which the limit switch 150 is actuated, is set at 35 degrees. In other words, the limit switch 150 is positioned such that the pivoting hinge 110 may swing an additional 5 degrees before contacting the limit switch 150. This 5-degree difference ensures that the limit switch 150 is triggered after the shear pin 140 has failed, providing a11373023 safety margin and preventing false alarms. This configuration, with its specific swing angles, ensures that the cable is protected from excessive bending while providing a reliable safety mechanism to prevent over-tensioning. For example, as stated, the mechanical stop at 35 degrees is chosen by the minimum cable bend radius of the high-power cable 30. The 30-degree swing for the cable guide arm is chosen to allow a bit of a safety factor for the minimum bend radius as well as to have additional swing angle for actuating the switch. Once the pin is sheared at 30 degrees the hinge block rotates 1 degree before it contacts the limit switch. Due to the limit switch pre-travel, the hinge will rotate approx. 2 more degrees before the On-Mom limit switch is opened and signals the vehicle controller to disable tramming.4.2. Example of Shear Pin Types and Their Advantages

[0069] Different types of shear pin 140 can be employed in the invention, each offering specific advantages. For instance, a bolted shear pin 140 allows for adjustable shear strength by using bolts of different grades. This flexibility enables customization based on the cable's load capacity and the operating conditions. A pre-scored shear pin 140, on the other hand, provides a more precise and predictable breaking point, ensuring consistent performance. This type is particularly beneficial in applications requiring accurate control over cable tension. The choice of shear pin 140 type depends on factors such as the required shear strength, the desired level of precision, and the overall system requirements.4.3. Example of Limit Switch Types and Their Functions

[0070] The invention can utilize various types of limit switches, each with specific characteristics and functions. A common type is the roller limit switch 150, where the actuator element 170 interacts with a rotating roller to trigger the switch. This type is known for its robustness and reliability, making it suitable for harsh mining environments. Another type is the snap-action limit switch 150, characterized by its rapid switching action and high repeatability. This type is beneficial in applications requiring fast response times and precise actuation. The11373024 choice of limit switch 150 depends on factors such as the required actuation force, the desired switching speed, and the environmental conditions.4.4. Example of Actuator Element Designs and Their Impact

[0071] The actuator element's design plays a crucial role in the system's functionality and performance. For instance, an actuator element 170 with a curved profile can provide a gradual increase in force as the pivoting hinge 110 approaches the predetermined swing angle. This gradual force application reduces shock loads on the shear pin 140, extending its service life. Additionally, the actuator element 170 can be designed with multiple projections or contact points to ensure reliable engagement with the limit switch 150, even under vibration or misalignment. The design of the actuator element 170 directly impacts the system's accuracy, reliability, and overall performance.5. Potential Applications

[0072] The invention, a cable guide arm 70 designed for electrical mining and construction machines, offers a robust solution for managing high-power cable 30 in demanding environments. Its unique features, comprising the pivoting hinge 110, shear pin 140, and limit switch 150, address the challenges of cable management, particularly over-tensioning and potential damage, during machine operation. This invention finds application in various settings where reliable power supply and cable protection are paramount.

[0073] The invention's key advantage lies in its ability to prevent cable damage caused by excessive bending or tension. The shear pin 140 acts as a sacrificial element, breaking at a predetermined load to protect the cable from exceeding its minimum bend radius. This feature is particularly crucial in mining and construction environments where machines often operate in confined spaces or navigate uneven terrain, increasing the risk of cable snagging or over-tensioning.

[0074] Furthermore, the limit switch 150, activated upon shear pin 140 failure, provides an additional layer of safety by triggering an immediate response from the machine's control system. This response typically involves disabling tramming,11373025 preventing further movement and potential damage to the cable. The limit switch 150 also serves as an alert mechanism, notifying the operator of the situation and prompting corrective action. This combination of features ensures both cable protection and operator safety, minimizing downtime and costly repairs.5.1. Application in Different Mining Environments

[0075] The invention proves particularly beneficial in diverse mining environments, each posing unique challenges to cable management. In underground mines, where space constraints and sharp turns are common, the cable guide arm's ability to pivot and maintain a safe bend radius for the high- power cable 30 is crucial. This flexibility prevents cable snagging on equipment or tunnel walls, ensuring uninterrupted power supply to the mining / construction machine.

[0076] Similarly, in surface mining operations, the invention excels in handling the demands of uneven terrain and varying operating conditions. The shear pin's ability to break under excessive load protects the cable from damage caused by sudden jerks or snags as the machine traverses uneven ground. The limit switch 150, activated upon shear pin 140 failure, ensures that the machine stops immediately, preventing further stress on the cable and minimizing the risk of a complete cable failure.

[0077] Moreover, the invention's adaptability extends to different mining methods. Whether it's continuous mining, longwall mining, or open-pit mining, the cable guide arm 70 provides a reliable solution for managing the high-power cable 30, ensuring efficient and safe operation regardless of the specific mining technique employed.5.2. Application in Autonomous Mining / construction machines

[0078] The rise of autonomous mining / construction machines necessitates even more robust and reliable cable management systems. The invention's features align perfectly with the requirements of these advanced machines, ensuring uninterrupted operation and minimizing the need for human intervention.11373026

[0079] In autonomous mining, where machines operate with minimal human supervision, the cable guide arm's ability to prevent cable damage and trigger automatic responses is paramount. The shear pin 140 and limit switch 150 system acts as a fail-safe mechanism, protecting the cable from damage even in unpredictable situations. The limit switch's ability to communicate with the machine's control system enables immediate action, such as stopping the machine or rerouting power, without requiring direct operator input.

[0080] This autonomous response capability is crucial for maintaining productivity and safety in autonomous mining operations. The cable guide arm's reliability and self-monitoring features contribute to the overall efficiency and safety of these advanced mining systems.5.3. Application in High-Temperature and Uneven Surface Conditions

[0081] The invention's robust design and material selection make it suitable for deployment in extreme environments characterized by high temperatures and uneven surfaces. The cable guide arm 70, constructed from materials like high- strength steel, can withstand the rigors of high-temperature operations without compromising its structural integrity or functionality.

[0082] The shear pin 140, a critical component, can be selected from materials with appropriate temperature ratings to ensure reliable performance even in extreme heat. Similarly, the limit switch 150, often housed in a sealed and protected enclosure, can withstand harsh environmental conditions without compromising its ability to function accurately.

[0083] Furthermore, the invention's ability to handle uneven surfaces, a common characteristic of mining and construction sites, ensures reliable cable management even in challenging terrain. The pivoting hinge 110 and the cable guiding device 80 work in tandem to prevent cable snagging or excessive bending as the machine navigates uneven ground, ensuring uninterrupted power supply and extending the cable's lifespan.

Claims

11373027CLAIMS1 . A cable guide arm (70) of an electrical mining and / or construction machine for operating in a mining environment, the cable guide arm (70) being arranged to guide a high-power cable (30) connected to the mining / construction machine, the cable guide arm (70) comprising; a first part (90) attached to the electrical mining / construction machine; a second part (100); a pivoting hinge (110) connecting the second part (100) to the first part (90); a shear pin (140) located adjacent the pivoting hinge (110) and configured to fail when the pivoting hinge (110) exerts a predetermined force on the shear pin (140); and a limit switch (150) actuated upon failure of the shear pin (140), wherein the limit switch (150) disables tramming of the mining / construction machine when actuated.

2. The cable guide arm (70) according to claim 1 , wherein the limit switch (150) transmits a signal to a control system of the electrical mining / construction machine to disable tramming.

3. The cable guide arm (70) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the pivoting hinge (110) comprises a hinge block (130) pivoting around a hinge pin (120), and wherein the hinge block (130) is configured to come into contact with, and shear, the shear pin (140).

4. The cable guide arm (70) according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising: an actuator element (170) arranged in connection to the pivoting hinge (110); wherein the actuator element (170) is configured to come into contact with, and actuate, the limit switch (150).113730285. The cable guide arm (70) according to claim 4, wherein the actuator element (170) is attached to and rotates with a hinge block (130) of the pivoting hinge (110).

6. The cable guide arm (70) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the shear pin (140) shears under a force from the pivoting hinge (110) corresponding to the high-power cable experiencing a cable tension of 50% + / - 5% of a maximum cable tension.

7. The cable guide arm (70) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the limit switch (150) triggers an alert when actuated.

8. The cable guide arm (70) according to claim 7, wherein the alert indicates that an acceptable cable tension has been exceeded and / or that tramming has been disabled.

9. The cable guide arm (70) according to any of claims 7 or 8, wherein the alert is communicated to an operator of the mining / construction machine via a communication system of the mining / construction machine.

10. The cable guide arm (70) according to any of claims 7 to 9, wherein the alert is communicated to an overhead system of the mining environment via a communication system, the overhead system being in communication with all mining / construction machines in the mining environment.11 . The cable guide arm (70) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the pivoting hinge (110) pivots the second part (100) in a horizontal direction.

12. An electrical mining and / or construction machine comprising: a high-power cable (30) for connecting the electrical mining and / or construction machine with an electrical network, wherein the high-power cable (30) facilitates transmitting of electrical power to the mining / construction machine for travelling and / or mining operations, a cable guide assembly (10) mounted at a back of the electrical11373029 mining / construction machine; the cable guide assembly (10) comprising a cable guide arm (70) according to any one of the preceding claims.

13. The mining / construction machine according to claim 12, wherein the cable guide assembly (10) comprises a chassis (40) covering a cable storage assembly (50), and the cable guide arm is connected to the chassis (40).

14. The mining / construction machine according to any of claims 12 to 13, wherein a high-power cable (30) exits through the chassis (40) and is guided through a cable guiding device (80) arranged at a distal end of the second part (100) of the cable guide arm (70).

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