System to generate electrical energy from renewable energy sources and method thereof

Abstract

The present disclosure discloses a system (102) and a method (200) for generating electrical energy from one or more renewable energy sources. The system (102) includes one or more energy generation units (104) having one or more horizontal axis wind turbines (HAWTs) (104-1) mounted at a predetermined location to capture wind energy, and one or more vertical axis wind turbines (VAWTs) (104-2) positioned in proximity of the HAWTs (104-1) to harness generated wind energy and environmental wind currents for producing electrical energy. The system (102) further includes one or more solar photovoltaic (PV) arrays (104-3) configured to receive solar energy and convert it into electrical energy. One or more energy storage units (106) are operatively coupled to store the generated electrical energy. A power management unit (108) regulates the flow of stored electrical energy and facilitates its utilization for one or more energy utilization tasks.

Description

SYSTEM TO GENERATE ELECTRICAL ENERGY FROM RENEWABLEENERGY SOURCES AND METHOD THEREOFTECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the field of integrated renewable energy systems. In particular, the present disclosure pertains to a system to generate electrical energy from one or more renewable energy sources, and a method thereof.BACKGROUND

[0002] Background description includes information that may be useful in understanding the present disclosure. It is not an admission that any of the information provided herein is prior art or relevant to the presently claimed disclosure, or that any publication specifically or implicitly referenced is prior art.

[0003] As the global demand for sustainable energy solutions increases, there is a pressing need for innovative systems capable of harnessing renewable energy sources in diverse environments. Global efforts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and reliance on fossil fuels have driven the development of renewable energy systems.

[0004] Existing renewable energy solutions often fail to maximize energy generation in varied and site-specific environments, particularly in areas with challenging conditions such as low-wind regions. Current renewable energy technologies, such as solar photovoltaic (PV) systems and wind turbines, often face limitations due to site-specific environmental challenges, such as inconsistent wind speeds or irregular solar exposure. Additionally, large- scale infrastructures, such as transportation hubs and industrial facilities, contribute significantly to global greenhouse gas emissions, necessitating an energy system that can efficiently power these facilities while minimizing their carbon footprint. Current systems also lack flexibility and scalability, limiting their ability to adapt to diverse infrastructures and site-specific requirements. Further, existing renewable energy systems are typically designed without accounting for the specific characteristics of a site, leading to suboptimal energy generation and inefficiencies.

[0005] Patent document, “CN 115,539,307 A” titled “A method for generating electricity and storing electricity by using wind power and sunlight in plateau areas” discloses the method for generating electricity by using wind and sunlight in plateau areas and its electricity storage method, which utilizes wind power generators, solar photovoltaic panels, air compressors, batteries, compressed air storage tanks, pneumatic turbine generators andother power generation equipment. Generate electricity when natural wind and sunlight resources are sufficient, and convert the excess electricity generated into air energy for storage, or store part of the electricity with batteries to ensure an uninterrupted power supply around the clock when wind and sunlight are insufficient. The invention utilizes wind power and sunlight as natural resources to carry out green power generation without heat sources. During the working process, there is no heat source or infrared ray generated by the combustion of petrochemical energy, and basically no pollution to the environment. Its safety and reliability can be widely used in plateau or island areas. Wind and solar power generation technology.

[0006] Hence, in view of the aforementioned challenges and shortcomings in prior art, there is a dire need in the art to provide a comprehensive renewable energy system that is adaptable to various environmental factors, such as wind patterns and solar exposure, and capable of integrating multiple renewable energy sources, that is to provide a system to generate electrical energy from one or more renewable energy sources, and a method thereof.OBJECTS OF THE PRESENT DISCLOSURE

[0007] It is an object of the present disclosure is to provide a site-specific integrated renewable energy system that strategically combines solar photovoltaic panels, horizontal axis wind turbines, and vertical axis wind turbines tailored to the unique environmental and operational characteristics of each installation site.

[0008] It is another object of the present disclosure is to enable the capture of artificial wind energy by positioning vertical axis wind turbines at various locations, thereby harnessing wind currents generated by moving vehicles or objects in addition to natural wind.

[0009] Yet another object of the present disclosure is to provide a system and a method that integrate advanced energy storage solutions and real-time control systems for monitoring, optimizing, and distributing energy generated from multiple renewable sources.SUMMARY

[0010] Aspects of the present disclosure relate to the field of integrated renewable energy systems. In particular, the present disclosure pertains to a system to generate electrical energy from one or more renewable energy sources, and a method thereof.

[0011] In an aspect of the present disclosure, the system may include one or more horizontal axis wind turbines mounted at a predetermined location to capture wind energy. One or more vertical axis wind turbines may be positioned in proximity to the horizontal axiswind turbines and configured to harness the wind energy generated by the horizontal axis wind turbines and environmental wind currents to generate additional electrical energy. One or more solar photovoltaic arrays may be provided to receive solar energy and convert the received solar energy into electrical energy. The system may further include one or more energy storage units operatively coupled to the energy generation units to receive and store the generated electrical energy. A power management unit may be included, comprising a controller operatively coupled to the energy generation units and the energy storage units, the controller being configured to regulate the flow of stored electrical energy and facilitate utilization of the regulated electrical energy for one or more energy utilization tasks.

[0012] In an aspect, the system optimizes energy capture and generation by leveraging site-specific factors, such as wind patterns, solar exposure, and artificial wind generated by moving objects or vehicles. The system's modular and scalable design enables flexible deployment, from small-scale retail installations to large-scale industrial and transportation infrastructures. Furthermore, it can integrate additional renewable energy sources, such as geothermal, biomass, and hydropower, depending on site-specific conditions, making it a comprehensive and adaptable solution for sustainable energy generation across various sectors.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0013] FIG. 1 illustrates an exemplary representation of a block diagram of a system to generate electrical energy from one or more renewable energy sources, in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0014] FIG. 2 illustrates an exemplary representation of a flowchart that illustrates a step- by-step illustration of a method of generating electrical energy from one or more renewable energy sources, in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0015] FIG. 3 illustrates an exemplary representation of a schematic diagram of the proposed system with the site-specific integration of one or more renewable energy sources, in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0016] FIGs. 4 (A-B) illustrate exemplary representations of the proposed 5k hybrid off- grid system with an energy storage unit, in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The following is a detailed description of embodiments of the disclosure depicted in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments are in such detail as to clearly communicate the disclosure. However, the amount of detail offered is not intended to limit the anticipated variations of embodiments; on the contrary, the intention is to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the present disclosure as defined by the appended claims.

[0018] The present disclosure relates to the field of integrated renewable energy systems. In particular, the present disclosure pertains to a system to generate electrical energy from one or more renewable energy sources, and a method thereof.

[0019] The system can provide sustainable, renewable energy tailored to the unique environmental and operational requirements of various installations, including retail outlets, industrial sites, transportation hubs, and other infrastructures responsible for greenhouse gas emissions. The proposed system focuses on the integration of multiple renewable energy sources — solar photovoltaic (hereinafter “PV”) systems, horizontal axis wind turbines (hereinafter “HAWT”), vertical axis wind turbines (hereinafter “VAWT”), and energy storage solutions based on the specific characteristics of the site to ensure optimal performance and energy efficiency.

[0020] By leveraging site-specific factors such as wind patterns and solar exposure, the system can maximize energy generation even in challenging environments, including low- wind areas. Wind currents generated by vehicle movement or artificial wind patterns can be captured using VAWTs installed at strategic locations such as highway medians and allied infrastructures. The system can be implemented to harness wind generated by the movement of any object, enabling efficient energy capture in diverse settings.

[0021] The proposed system can include an electrical circuit that connects the energy installations to meet the site’s energy needs, such as powering essential infrastructure components like buildings, storage facilities, roads, railways, airports, and electric vehicle (EV) charging stations. The system's modular and scalable design ensures flexibility in deployment, making it adaptable for a wide range of applications, from small-scale retail outlets to large-scale industrial and transportation infrastructures, as well as all allied infrastructures. The system can be installed fully or partially on-site and integrated with various parts of the infrastructure, including rooftops, building walls, or other available spaces, depending on the specific requirements of the installation.

[0022] The system not only includes solar and wind energy but also incorporate additional renewable energy sources such as geothermal, biomass, or hydropower, depending on site-specific conditions. Such flexibility allows the system to adapt to diverse environmental scenarios, ensuring comprehensive renewable energy solutions for various locations and infrastructures. By integrating a variety of renewable energy technologies and offering site-specific customization, the system can provide an innovative and robust solution for reducing reliance on fossil fuels, supporting global sustainability efforts, and achieving Net Zero energy goals across multiple sectors.

[0023] Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, FIGs. 1-4.

[0024] FIG. 1 illustrates an exemplary representation of a block diagram (100) of a system (102) to generate electrical energy from one or more renewable energy sources, in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0025] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the system (102) for generating electrical energy from one or more renewable energy sources can include one or more energy generation units (104), one or more energy storage units (106), and a power management unit (108). The system (102) can be configured to operate in off-grid or hybrid mode for providing continuous, regulated, and sustainable electrical power supply for various energy utilization applications such as residential, industrial, rural, or emergency power systems.

[0026] In an embodiment, the one or more energy generation units (104) can include a combination of renewable energy harvesting mechanisms configured to capture energy from natural and ambient sources. In one exemplary embodiment, the energy generation unit (104) can include one or more solar photovoltaic (PV) arrays (104-3) that can receive incident solar radiation and convert the radiation into direct current (DC) electrical energy. The one or more solar Photovoltaic (PV) arrays (104-3) can include multiple PV modules connected in series or parallel to achieve a combined output capacity of about 4 kW. The PV modules can be mono PERC type modules with a performance warranty of about twenty-five years, ensuring stable energy output over an extended operational life. The PV modules can be positioned on a supporting frame at a predetermined inclination to maximize solar irradiance throughout the day.

[0027] In such embodiment, the energy generation unit (104) can include one or more vertical axis wind turbines (VAWTs) (104-2) that can convert kinetic wind energy into electrical energy. Each VAWT (104-2) can be a high-efficiency, low-cut-in, high-RPM model, such as a 1 kW WindStream SM2-8P turbine. The turbines can be mounted at apredetermined location that allows consistent exposure to environmental wind currents and aerodynamic deflection from the solar array structure. The aerodynamic structure can also enable harnessing of vehicle-induced wind energy, which can further improve the renewable fraction of total energy production in certain embodiments.

[0028] In such embodiment, the energy generation unit (104) can additionally include one or more horizontal axis wind turbines (HAWTs) (104-1) mounted at an elevated location to supplement wind energy harvesting. The combined configuration of HAWTs (104-1) and VAWTs (104-2) can enable multi -directional wind energy capture, ensuring efficient utilization of varying wind speeds and directions. The DC output from both solar and wind units can be directed to a DC Distribution Board (DCDB) for controlled routing, protection, and conditioning. The DCDB can include surge arrestors, fuses, and miniature circuit breakers (MCBs) to ensure electrical safety and load balancing across the input sources.

[0029] In such embodiment, the system (102) can include the one or more energy storage units (106) connected to the one or more energy generation units (104) for storing the generated electrical energy. The energy storage unit (106) can include a battery bank configured to operate at 48 V DC with a storage capacity of about 12 kWh. The energy storage unit (106) can be implemented using lithium iron phosphate (LiFcPOfl battery cells arranged to provide high energy density, long cycle life, and enhanced thermal stability. The energy storage unit (106) can store excess energy generated during high-yield periods and supply stored energy during periods of low generation, such as nighttime or low wind conditions. In one embodiment, the energy storage unit (106) can be modular and scalable, allowing expansion of capacity based on demand or installation requirements.

[0030] In such embodiment, the power management unit (108) can be connected to the one or more energy generation units (104) and the one or more energy storage units (106). The power management unit (108) can regulate the flow of generated and stored electrical energy and can ensure stable power delivery to the connected load. The power management unit (108) can include a controller integrated within a power conditioning unit (PCU). The controller can manage multi-source power input from both wind and solar channels and coordinate energy flow between generation and storage subsystems. The controller can include features such as maximum power point tracking (MPPT) for solar optimization, battery management system (BMS) for safe energy storage operation, grid fallback functionality, and Internet of Things (loT)-enabled telemetry for remote performance monitoring.

[0031] In such embodiment, the power management unit (108) can further include an automated grid switchover feature that enables continuous operation during prolonged low- yield periods. The AC output from the power management unit (108) can be routed through an AC Distribution Board (ACDB) that provides controlled delivery of power to one or more loads. The ACDB can also provide safety mechanisms, including breakers, isolators, and load selectors, to facilitate seamless transition between off-grid and grid-assisted modes.

[0032] In an exemplary operation, the system (102) can achieve an average renewable fraction of approximately 44.65%, wherein solar generation contributes the major portion and wind energy supplements during suitable environmental conditions. Monthly analysis can indicate a renewable penetration exceeding 55% in specific months, such as March, demonstrating the effectiveness of hybrid resource utilization. The system (102) can provide an estimated carbon dioxide emission reduction of about fifteen metric tons annually per installed unit, thereby contributing to environmental sustainability.

[0033] In such embodiment, the system (102) can further be adapted for deployment in remote, rural, or underserved areas where grid connectivity is unreliable or unavailable. The modular design of the system (102) can support phased scaling, allowing incremental addition of PV modules, wind turbines, or battery storage capacity as per operational needs. In an alternative embodiment, the system (102) can be integrated with vehicle-induced airflow capture units or low-profile VAWTs installed along highways, parking areas, or logistic hubs, thereby converting kinetic energy from vehicular motion into usable electrical energy.

[0034] In such embodiment, the system (102) can be used for powering standalone loads, microgrids, telecommunication towers, lighting systems, or small-scale industrial operations. The system (102) can also align with corporate sustainability initiatives and corporate social responsibility (CSR) programs aimed at promoting renewable energy adoption, carbon footprint reduction, and energy access for off-grid communities.

[0035] In such embodiment, one or more energy generation units (104) can include various renewable energy harvesting mechanisms designed to capture energy from natural resources. In one embodiment, the energy generation unit (104) can include the one or more horizontal axis wind turbines (HAWTs) (104-1) mounted at a predetermined location and configured to harvest wind energy and environmental wind currents for generating electrical energy. The HAWTs (104-1) can be installed on elevated towers or rooftop structures to ensure optimal exposure to consistent wind flow. Each HAWT (104-1) can be connected to a generator configured to convert rotational mechanical energy into direct current (DC)electrical energy. The rotational speed and blade pitch of each HAWT (104-1) can be monitored and adjusted using a control mechanism integrated with the power management unit (108) for improved efficiency under varying wind conditions.

[0036] In another embodiment, the energy generation unit (104) can include the one or more vertical axis wind turbines (VAWTs) (104-2) mounted in proximity of the HAWTs (104-1). Each VAWT (104-2) can harness both the natural wind and the redirected wind flow generated by the operation of the HAWTs (104-1). The VAWTs (104-2) can be designed in helical or Savonius configurations for effective operation under low wind speeds. The arrangement of the HAWTs (104-1) and VAWTs (104-2) in close spatial proximity can enable hybrid aerodynamic interaction that improves the cumulative wind energy capture and overall efficiency of the system (102).

[0037] In yet another embodiment, the energy generation unit (104) can further include the one or more solar photovoltaic (PV) arrays (104-3) configured to harvest solar energy and convert it into electrical energy. The solar PV arrays (104-3) can include a plurality of interconnected solar modules installed on a supporting structure. In one embodiment, the solar PV arrays (104-3) can be mounted on fixed tilt frames positioned at an optimal angle to maximize solar irradiance throughout the year. In another embodiment, the solar PV arrays (104-3) can include one or more tracking PV units capable of dynamically adjusting their orientation based on detected solar radiation. The tracking PV units can operate on singleaxis or dual -axis tracking mechanisms controlled by a set of sensors (110) connected to the power management unit (108). The adjustment in orientation can enable the PV arrays (104- 3) to align with the direction of maximum solar irradiance in real time, thereby improving energy generation efficiency.

[0038] In an alternative embodiment, the energy generation unit (104) can include renewable sources other than solar and wind. The energy generation unit (104) can be selected from any or a combination of hydro-based generation units, biomass and bioenergy units, geothermal and thermoelectric units, ocean and marine energy units, hydrogen and fuel-cell-based units, kinetic and motion energy units, thermal energy units, or hybrid energy units. For example, in a coastal deployment scenario, the system (102) can integrate an ocean current energy unit connected to the power management unit (108) for supplementing total power generation during low solar availability. In another embodiment, the energy generation unit (104) can include a kinetic energy conversion mechanism designed to utilize vehicle- induced airflows or vibration-based motion energy sources for generating electrical power.

[0039] In such embodiment, the one or more energy storage units (106) can be connected to the one or more energy generation units (104) for storing the generated electrical energy. Each energy storage unit (106) can include one or more batteries (106-1) configured for energy storage and discharge based on system requirements. The batteries (106-1) can include lithium iron phosphate (LiFcPCU). lithium-ion, or other advanced electrochemical storage types with high round-trip efficiency and deep discharge capability. In one embodiment, the energy storage unit (106) can include modular battery clusters interconnected in parallel to provide scalable capacity. The energy storage unit (106) can ensure supply continuity to the load during periods of insufficient solar or wind generation and can also smooth out short-term fluctuations in renewable generation.

[0040] In an such embodiment, the one or more energy storage units (106) includes a battery array (106-2) having the one or more batteries (106-1) to store the electrical energy generated from each energy generation unit selected from the one or more energy generation units (104) and utilize the generated electrical energy for the one or more energy utilization tasks. In an alternative embodiment, the electrical energy stored in single battery can be utilized directly to energy utilization task or the single battery can be connected to other batteries which stores energy from different energy generation units (104) and then the battery array (106-2) can store the electrical energy combinedly and then can utilize the combined stored electrical energy to the one or more energy utilization tasks.

[0041] In such embodiment, the power management unit (108) can be connected to both the energy generation unit (104) and the energy storage unit (106) for regulating the flow of electrical energy. The power management unit (108) can configure to perform multiple operational functions, including monitoring, optimization, and distribution of generated power. The power management unit (108) can receive input data from the set of sensors (110) associated with each energy generation unit (104). The sensors (110) can measure real-time environmental parameters such as wind speed, solar irradiance, ambient temperature, and historical and real-time energy consumption patterns. Based on the sensed parameters, the power management unit (108) can adjust one or more energy parameters such as power output from the PV arrays (104-3), torque and pitch angle of the HAWTs (104-1), and rotational speed of the VAWTs (104-2). Such adjustments can ensure maximum conversion efficiency under varying environmental conditions.

[0042] In such embodiment, the power management unit (108) can also be configured to prioritize the distribution of stored electrical energy for one or more energy utilization tasks based on predefined operational criteria. The criteria can include real-time energy demand,available energy storage level in the energy storage unit (106), time-of-use patterns, and grid availability. For instance, during peak energy demand hours, the power management unit (108) can allocate power preferentially from the battery bank (106) to maintain a stable supply to critical loads, while non-essential loads can be supplied later during periods of high renewable generation.

[0043] In such embodiment, the one or more energy utilization tasks can include, but not be limited to, supplying generated electrical energy to one or more infrastructures such as residential buildings, commercial establishments, industrial facilities, electric vehicle charging stations, and microgrid systems. In one embodiment, the system (102) can be deployed for powering a standalone microgrid in a rural or island community, where it can operate in a fully autonomous mode without grid dependency. In another embodiment, the system (102) can be integrated with urban rooftop installations to provide supplemental power to grid-connected buildings, reducing peak demand on the main grid.

[0044] Therefore, the integrated operation of the energy generation unit (104), the energy storage unit (106), and the power management unit (108) ensures efficient, autonomous, and sustainable energy generation and utilization. The overall configuration enables the system (102) to maintain continuous power availability, balanced load distribution, and improved grid resilience under diverse environmental conditions. The system (102) can be adapted for diverse applications requiring sustainable, reliable, and low-emission energy generation.

[0045] FIG. 2 illustrates an exemplary representation of a flowchart that illustrates a step- by-step illustration of a method (200) for generating electrical energy from one or more renewable energy sources, in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0046] Referring to FIG. 2, in an embodiment, the method (200) for generating electrical energy from one or more renewable energy sources can include multiple steps performed using the various components illustrated hereinafter.

[0047] The method (200) for generating electrical energy from one or more renewable energy sources can include a series of operational stages executed by one or more system components connected together to achieve efficient generation, storage, and utilization of electrical energy.

[0048] The method (200) can include a harvesting stage, a storing stage, and a regulating stage, each stage being functionally executed by one or more energy generation units (104), the one or more energy storage units (106), and the power management unit (108), respectively.

[0049] At block 202, during the harvesting stage, the one or more energy generation units (104) can be configured to harvest energy from renewable sources such as solar, wind, hydro, biomass, geothermal, and other sustainable resources. The one or more energy generation units (104) can include the one or more horizontal axis wind turbines (HAWTs) (104-1) that can be mounted at predetermined locations, such as elevated towers, coastal regions, or open plains, to capture wind energy and convert it into rotational mechanical energy for electrical generation. The one or more energy generation units (104) can also include the one or more vertical axis wind turbines (VAWTs) (104-2), which can be installed in proximity to the HAWTs (104-1) to efficiently utilize residual wind currents and turbulence produced in the surrounding environment, thereby improving total energy conversion efficiency. In another example, one or more energy generation units (104) can include one or more solar Photovoltaic (PV) arrays (104-3) that can be deployed on rooftops, open grounds, or floating platforms to harness solar irradiance for generating electrical energy.

[0050] In one alternative embodiment, the one or more energy generation units (104) can further include hydro-based generation units such as micro-hydroelectric turbines, biomass and bioenergy units using organic matter, geothermal and thermoelectric units for heat-to- electricity conversion, ocean and marine energy units using tidal and wave motion, hydrogen and fiiel-cell-based units for clean energy generation, kinetic and motion energy units for harvesting energy from vehicular or mechanical motion, and hybrid energy units integrating multiple renewable resources for balanced power output. The solar Photovoltaic (PV) arrays (104-3) can include one or more tracking PV units configured to adjust their angular orientation in response to detected solar radiation. Such tracking units can operate through a feedback mechanism based on real-time solar irradiance measurements, thereby ensuring maximum alignment with the sun throughout the day and improving energy generation efficiency in real-time conditions.

[0051] At block 204, once the electrical energy has been generated during the harvesting stage, the method (200) proceeds to the storing stage. In the storing stage, the generated electrical energy can be stored by one or more energy storage units (106) connected to the one or more energy generation units (104). The one or more energy storage units (106) can include the one or more batteries (106-1) that can temporarily hold the electrical energy to ensure consistent power supply even during periods of low generation, such as nighttime or periods of weak wind flow. The batteries (106-1) can be of various chemistries, including lithium-ion, nickel-metal hydride, sodium-sulfur, or solid-state configurations. In oneexample, the storage units can be distributed across multiple sub-stations to improve redundancy and to balance load between decentralized energy systems.

[0052] In an alternative embodiment, the one or more energy storage units (106) can include advanced hybrid storage technologies integrating supercapacitors or flywheel systems that can manage rapid fluctuations in load demand. The energy stored within the one or more batteries (106-1) can be continuously monitored for charge and discharge rates by the power management unit (108) to maintain system stability and prevent overcharging or deep discharge conditions.

[0053] At block 206, the power management unit (108) can manage and control the overall distribution and utilization of the generated and stored electrical energy. The power management unit (108) can be connected to both the one or more energy generation units (104) and one or more energy storage units (106), thereby functioning as a centralized controller for maintaining an optimized power flow between generation, storage, and utilization points. The power management unit (108) can include a set of sensors (110) that can monitor environmental and operational parameters, including real-time wind speed, realtime solar irradiance, real-time temperature, and energy consumption patterns associated with the one or more energy utilization tasks. The monitored parameters can be analyzed in real time to determine appropriate energy conversion rates, load balancing requirements, and operational efficiency targets.

[0054] In one embodiment, the power management unit (108) can regulate the electrical energy flow by prioritizing distribution based on real-time demand, energy storage levels within one or more energy storage units (106), time-of-use schedules, and grid availability. For example, during periods of high demand or low storage capacity, the power management unit (108) can allocate stored energy to critical facilities such as hospitals or emergency communication centers, while diverting excess energy to secondary loads during low-demand periods. The management algorithm executed by the power management unit (108) can also incorporate predictive analytics based on historical energy consumption data to forecast upcoming demand cycles and proactively adjust generation and distribution parameters.

[0055] In another embodiment, the electrical energy managed by the power management unit (108) can be supplied to one or more energy utilization tasks, which can include residential infrastructures, commercial infrastructures, industrial plants, electric vehicle charging stations, and microgrid systems. The microgrid systems can operate independently or in coordination with larger grid networks, ensuring uninterrupted power delivery during grid instability or failure. The flow regulation performed by the power management unit(108) can further optimize renewable energy utilization by minimizing wastage and maintaining grid synchronization where applicable.

[0056] FIG. 3 illustrates an exemplary representation of a schematic diagram (300) of the proposed system (102) with the site-specific integration of one or more renewable energy sources, in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0057] Referring to FIG. 3, the schematic diagram of the Site-Specific Integrated Renewable Energy System is designed to achieve net zero energy and support green infrastructure. The key elements illustrated in FIG. 3 are illustrated hereinafter.

[0058] The Solar Photovoltaic (PV) arrays (104-3) can be positioned on the rooftops of buildings or other available surfaces, and the arrays (104-3) can capture sunlight and convert it into electrical energy. The solar PV arrays (104-3) are ideal for regions with high solar exposure and can be mounted on rooftops, walls, or other available infrastructure. Horizontal Axis Wind Turbines (HAWTs) (104-1) are wind turbines that can be installed in open areas where natural wind currents are strong and consistent. HAWTs (104-1) can be used to harness energy from wind flowing parallel to the ground. They work well in large, unobstructed areas such as industrial sites or open landscapes.

[0059] Further, the VAWTs (104-2) can be strategically placed along highway medians and similar infrastructures to capture wind generated by the movement of vehicles and other objects. The turbines can be installed at specific points where artificial wind currents are strong. VAWTs (104-2) are advantageous in urban environments or low-wind areas, capturing energy from both natural wind and artificial wind sources like traffic.

[0060] The one or more energy storage units (106) shows how the energy generated by solar PV arrays (104-3), HAWTs (104-1), and VAWTs (104-2) can be stored. The system (102) can include one or more batteries (106-1) to store excess energy generated during peak production times and release it when energy demand is higher or generation is lower.

[0061] Further, the power management unit (108) can include an electrical circuit that can be connected the one or more energy generation units (104) such as but not limited to, solar PV arrays (104-3), HAWTs (104-1), VAWTs (104-3) to the various infrastructure components such as but not limited to, buildings, EV charging stations, transportation hubs, and other essential infrastructure. This ensures that the energy generated is efficiently distributed across the site, powering everything from lighting to electric vehicle infrastructure.

[0062] Additional renewable energy sources such as but not limited to, geothermal and biomass, are depicted in the lower portion of the FIG. 3. These are included to demonstratethe flexibility of the system (102) to integrate additional renewable energy sources based on site-specific environmental conditions. For instance, geothermal energy may be tapped in locations with available geothermal resources, while biomass can be utilized where organic waste is abundant.

[0063] Further, wind currents that include arrows are depicted near the VAWTs (104-2) in FIG. 3, representing the wind currents generated by vehicles or moving objects. The wind currents provide an additional source of energy in areas where natural wind is insufficient, maximizing the effectiveness of the wind turbines even in non-ideal conditions.

[0064] In an exemplary implementation, the system (102) can generate energy using multiple renewable sources, such as but not limited to solar PV arrays (104-3), HAWTs (104- 1), VAWTs (104-2), and additional sources like geothermal and biomass. Each energy source can be selected and optimized based on the specific environmental characteristics of the infrastructure site. For example, in a sunny region, the solar PV arrays (104-3) can generate significant energy, while in an area with moderate or artificial wind, the VAWTs (104-2) can be more effective.

[0065] In the exemplary implementation, the strategic placement of VAWTs (104-2) near highways or other infrastructures where vehicles generate artificial wind. The wind turbines rotate regardless of the wind direction, making them highly effective in capturing energy from vehicle-induced wind. The feature allows the system (102) to generate power in locations where traditional wind turbines might not perform efficiently.

[0066] In the exemplary implementation, the electrical energy generated by the renewable sources can be sent to the modular energy storage system, which is essential for maintaining a steady energy supply. During periods of high energy generation (such as midday for solar or rush hours for VAWTs), the excess energy can be stored in the one or more batteries (106-1). The electrical energy is then available during low-generation periods, ensuring a consistent power supply.

[0067] In the exemplary implementation, the stored and real-time generated energy is distributed to the site's infrastructure via an electrical circuit. The site infrastructures can include, but are not limited to, power for buildings, transportation systems, electric vehicle charging stations, and other site-specific facilities. The flexible circuit design ensures that energy can be routed to where it is most needed, minimizes waste, and optimizing efficiency.

[0068] In the exemplary implementation, the system (102) can be modular and scalable, which means it can be tailored to fit small-scale installations, such as but not limited to a single retail outlet, or large-scale infrastructures like industrial parks and airports. Thecomponents can be installed fully or partially, depending on the energy needs and available space at the site. For example, in a large industrial site, HAWTs (104-1) can be placed in open areas, while the solar Photovoltaic (PV) arrays (104-3) can cover available rooftop space.

[0069] In the exemplary implementation, the system (102) can integrate additional renewable energy sources like geothermal and biomass based on site-specific conditions. If the location has geothermal resources, a geothermal energy unit can be added to the system (102) to provide continuous base-load power. Similarly, biomass energy from local organic waste can be converted into usable energy, enhancing the overall sustainability of the system (102).

[0070] In the exemplary implementation, the set of sensors (110) and power management unit (108) can be added to monitor environmental factors such as but not limited to, sunlight intensity, wind speed, and vehicle traffic. The set of sensors (110) feed real-time data into the power management unit (108), optimizing the energy capture by adjusting the angles of solar panels or modulating the operation of wind turbines, which ensures that the system (102) can operates at peak efficiency regardless of changing conditions.

[0071] Further, the system (102) depicted in the FIG. 3 can provide a comprehensive, adaptable solution for diverse infrastructures, including retail outlets, industrial sites, and transportation hubs. By leveraging site-specific environmental factors, such as but not limited to wind patterns, solar exposure, and artificial wind generated by vehicle movement, the system (102) can maximize energy generation and efficiency. The modular, scalable design ensures flexibility for deployment across different sites, and the integration of multiple renewable energy sources offers a path toward sustainable, net-zero energy goals.

[0072] FIGs. 4 (A-B) illustrate exemplary representations (400A, 400B) of the proposed 5k hybrid off-grid system (102) (terms “system” and “5k hybrid off-grid system” are used interchangeably hereinafter) with an energy storage unit (106), in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0073] Referring to FIG. 4A (400A), the system (102) integrates solar and wind generation modules with an energy storage and management arrangement for off-grid power utilization.

[0074] The system (102) can include one or more energy generation units (104), each comprising a combination of wind turbine assemblies and solar photovoltaic (PV) modules (104-3). The PV modules (104-3) are implemented as 4 kW mono PERC solar panels, positioned at a predetermined inclination angle on a support frame to receive maximumincident solar radiation and convert it into electrical energy. The PV modules (104-3) are configured for a performance warranty period of approximately twenty-five years, ensuring sustained energy generation efficiency.

[0075] The energy generation unit (104) further includes the one or more vertical axis wind turbines (VAWTs) (104-2) mounted beneath the solar array. Each of the VAWTs (104- 2) is configured as a 1 kW WindStream SM2-8P turbine, characterized by low cut-in speed and high-RPM operation. The VAWTs (104-2) are arranged in proximity to one another to harness both natural wind currents and the accelerated airflow generated by structural deflection from the PV array. In certain embodiments, the one or more horizontal axis wind turbines (HAWTs) (104-1) may also be mounted at an elevated or side location to supplement wind energy capture.

[0076] In such embodiment, the generated electrical energy from the solar PV modules (104-3), the VAWTs (104-2), and the HAWTs (104-1) can be directed to the one or more energy storage units (106). The energy storage unit (106) includes a 12-kWh lithium iron phosphate (LiFcPCU) battery bank, configured to store the electrical energy and supply a regulated output during non-generation or low -yield periods.

[0077] In such embodiment, the power management unit (108) can include the power management unit (108) having a multi-source hybrid inverter equipped with maximum power point tracking (MPPT), battery management system (BMS), grid fallback, and loT telemetry functionalities. The power management unit (108) can regulate bidirectional energy flow between generation and storage components and ensure optimal utilization of available renewable sources.

[0078] In certain operational conditions, such as prolonged low-yield or overcast periods, the power management unit (108) can activate an automated grid switchover provision to maintain uninterrupted power availability to connected loads. The system (102) is thus configured for off-grid and hybrid operational modes, providing continuous, efficient, and self-regulated renewable power supply for diverse energy utilization applications.

[0079] FIG. 4B (400B) illustrates a schematic representation of the system (102) that integrates solar photovoltaic (PV) modules, vertical axis wind turbines (VAWTs), a battery energy storage system (BESS), and a hybrid power control unit (PCU) to provide an uninterrupted off-grid or grid-supported power supply.

[0080] In such embodiment, the system (102) can include one or more energy generation units (104). Each energy generation unit (104) includes a plurality of solar photovoltaic arrays (for example- SPV-1 to SPV-8) electrically interconnected in a series-parallelconfiguration. The solar arrays can be configured to convert incident solar radiation into direct current (DC) power. The DC output from the solar arrays is routed through a DC Distribution Board (DCDB) via PV input terminals. The DCDB includes protection and isolation mechanisms, such as miniature circuit breakers (MCBs) and surge arrestors, for safe operation and maintenance.

[0081] In parallel, the one or more vertical-axis wind turbines (VAWTs) (104-2) are provided to capture ambient and vehicle-induced wind energy. The generated wind energy is converted into electrical energy and transmitted to the Wind DC Charger via a dedicated wind input line connected through an MCB arrangement within the DCDB. The Wind DC Charger regulates and conditions the variable wind power output to deliver a stable DC supply at the designated voltage level.

[0082] In such embodiment, the conditioned DC outputs from both solar and wind channels are fed to a Battery Bank (106) implemented as a 48 V, 300 Ah LiFcPCU (Lithium Iron Phosphate) storage module. The battery bank (106) stores excess electrical energy during peak generation periods and supplies power during low-generation intervals. The BESS provides a total usable capacity of approximately 12 kWh, enabling grid-independent operation during extended periods of reduced solar or wind input.

[0083] Further, a Power Conditioning Unit (PCU) is operatively coupled to the energy storage unit (106) and functions as the central power management unit (108). The PCU incorporates the power management unit (108) equipped with a multi-source hybrid inverter that performs maximum power point tracking (MPPT), battery management, and energy conversion from DC to alternating current (AC). The PCU regulates bidirectional energy flow between generation, storage, and load units while maintaining power quality and operational stability.

[0084] Furthermore, the AC Distribution Board (ACDB) can be connected to the output of the PCU and manages the distribution of AC power to connected loads. The ACDB provides switching, protection, and energy routing between the main grid (if available) and off-grid load supply lines. During normal renewable generation, the PCU supplies AC power directly to the load. In conditions of insufficient renewable energy, the system (102) can automatically perform grid switchover to ensure continuous load operation.

[0085] The overall configuration of the system (102) is illustrated in FIG. 4B, demonstrates moderate renewable integration, achieving approximately 44.65 % renewable fraction in test operation, with solar energy as the dominant contributor and wind turbines supplementing the supply under favorable wind conditions. Performance analyses indicaterenewable penetration exceeding 55 % in March, signifying potential for higher optimization through control refinement and system tuning.

[0086] The modular design of the system (102) allows scalability, enabling phased expansion of PV arrays, wind turbine units, or storage capacity as per site and demand requirements. The system provides an estimated carbon emission reduction of 15 metric tons of CO2 annually per installed unit, supporting environmental sustainability objectives.

[0087] The hybrid configuration ensures grid independence, making it particularly suitable for remote or underserved regions where continuous grid power is unavailable. The design further incorporates vehicle-induced wind energy utilization, enhancing renewable yield from ambient kinetic sources, representing the integration approach. The system (102) can align with Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) initiatives aimed at promoting clean energy, emission reduction, and sustainable community development.

[0088] An exemplary application of the system (102) is described herein.

[0089] In a practical implementation, the system (102) can be installed in a coastal region where strong and consistent wind currents are available along with adequate solar radiation. The one or more horizontal axis wind turbines (HAWTs) (104-1) are mounted on elevated towers to capture high-speed wind currents from the environment. As the wind flows across the blades of the HAWTs (104-1), rotational motion is produced, which drives the connected generator to produce electrical energy. The kinetic energy of wind currents passing through the HAWTs (104-1) also induces airflow that benefits the one or more vertical axis wind turbines (VAWTs) (104-2) installed nearby. The VAWTs (104-2), being omnidirectional, further harness both the redirected airflow from the HAWTs (104-1) and the ambient wind, generating additional electrical energy under varying wind conditions.

[0090] Simultaneously, the one or more solar photovoltaic (PV) arrays (104-3) are mounted on adjustable panels to maximize sunlight capture throughout the day. The PV arrays (104-3) convert the incident solar radiation into direct current (DC) electrical energy using semiconductor materials. The electrical energy generated from the HAWTs (104-1), VAWTs (104-2), and PV arrays (104-3) is transmitted to the one or more energy storage units (106), which include battery banks or supercapacitors. These energy storage units (106) store the electrical energy for later use, ensuring continuous power availability even during periods of low wind or solar input.

[0091] The power management unit (108) integrates all the generated electrical inputs and storage components through the power management unit (108). The power management unit (108) monitors energy generation, storage level, and consumption demand usingembedded sensors and control algorithms. Based on real-time parameters, the power management unit (108) regulates the charging and discharging cycles of the storage units (106) and directs the stored energy for one or more energy utilization tasks such as powering residential lighting, electric vehicle charging, or remote monitoring equipment.

[0092] The system (102) maintains a balanced and efficient hybrid renewable energy framework by intelligently switching between wind and solar sources according to availability. The coordinated control of HAWTs (104-1), VAWTs (104-2), PV arrays (104- 3), and the storage units (106) ensures optimized generation, minimal loss, and stable supply of electrical energy for diverse applications in rural or off-grid environments.

[0093] What are described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not to limit the present invention; any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement within the principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.ADVANTAGES OF THE DISCLOSURE

[0094] The proposed disclosure provides a system having a modular structure that allows the renewable energy components to be installed on rooftops, building walls, highway medians, and other available spaces, facilitating easy integration with existing infrastructure without requiring significant structural modifications.

[0095] The proposed disclosure provides a system and a method that support straightforward expansion or reconfiguration as energy demands evolve or site conditions change, ensuring long-term adaptability and cost-effective upgrades for growing or changing facilities.

[0096] The proposed disclosure provides a system and a method that incorporates modular battery units, ensures that excess energy generated during peak periods is stored and made available during low-generation times, and provides a consistent and reliable power supply regardless of fluctuations in renewable energy availability.

Claims

We Claim:

1. A system (102) for generating electrical energy from one or more renewable energy sources, the system (102) comprising: one or more energy generation units (104) to harvest energy from the one or more renewable energy sources for generating the electrical energy; one or more energy storage units (106) operatively coupled with the one or more energy generation units (104) for storing the generated electrical energy; and a power management unit (108) operatively coupled to the one or more energy generation units (104) and the one or more energy storage units (106), and adapted to regulate flow of the generated and stored electrical energy for utilization of the electrical energy for one or more energy utilization tasks.

2. The system (102) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the one or more energy storage units (106) comprises one or more batteries (106-1) operatively coupled to the power management unit (108) to store the generated electrical energy.

3. The system (102) as claimed in claim 2, wherein the one or more energy storage units (106) comprises a battery array (106-2) having the one or more batteries (106-1) to store the electrical energy generated from each energy generation unit selected from the one or more energy generation units (104) combinedly and utilize the combinedly generated electrical energy for the one or more energy utilization tasks.

4. The system (102) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the one or more energy generation units (104) comprises: one or more horizontal axis wind turbines (HAWTs) (104-1) mounted at a predetermined location to harvest wind energy and environmental wind currents for generating the electrical energy; one or more vertical axis wind turbines (VAWTs) (104-2) mounted in proximity of the HAWTs (104-1) to harness the generated wind energy and the environmental wind currents to generate the electrical energy; and one or more solar Photovoltaic (PV) arrays (104-3) to harvest solar energy for generating the electrical energy.

5. The system (102) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the one or more energy generation units (104) are selected from any or a combination of: hydro-based generation units, biomass and bioenergy units, geothermal and thermoelectric units, ocean and marine energy units, hydrogen and fuel-cell-based units, kinetic and motion energy units, thermal and hybrid units.

6. The system (102) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the solar Photovoltaic (PV) arrays (104- 3) comprises one or more tracking PV units configured to adjust orientation of the solar Photovoltaic (PV) arrays (104-3) based on detected solar radiation to maximize generation of the electrical energy in real-time.

7. The system (102) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the power management unit (108) configured to: monitor, by a set of sensors (110), one or more environmental parameters associated with the one or more energy generation units (104); and adjust one or more energy parameters associated with generation of the electrical energy based on the sensed one or more environmental parameters.

8. The system (102) as claimed in claim 7, wherein the one or more environmental parameters comprise a real-time wind speed, a real-time solar irradiance, a real-time temperature, and a real-time and historical energy consumption pattern for the one or more energy utilization tasks.

9. The system (102) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the power management unit (108) is configured to prioritize distribution of the stored electrical energy for the one or more energy utilization tasks, based on one or more criteria selected from the group comprising any or a combination of: a real-time energy demand, real-time energy storage level in the one or more energy storage units (106), time-of-use, and grid availability.

10. A method (200) for generating electrical energy from one or more renewable energy sources, the method (200) comprising: harvesting (202), by one or more energy generation units (104), energy from the one or more renewable energy sources for generating the electrical energy;storing (204), by one or more energy storage units (106) operatively coupled with the one or more energy generation units (104), the generated electrical energy; and regulating (206), by a power management unit (108), flow of the generated and stored electrical energy for utilization of the electrical energy for one or more energy utilization tasks, wherein the power management unit (108) is operatively coupled to the one or more energy generation units (104) and the one or more energy storage units (106).

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