Geothermal well corrosion measurement system and method

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of corrosion measurement. Provided are a geothermal well corrosion measurement system and method. The system comprises: a well liquid level corrosion measurement mechanism, which is arranged on a height adjustment mechanism, wherein during measurement, the well liquid level corrosion measurement mechanism is partially located above a well liquid level and partially located below the well liquid level, and well liquid level corrosion data of a geothermal well is represented by means of a weight change amount; a downhole corrosion measurement mechanism, which is arranged below the well liquid level of the geothermal well and is used for measuring downhole corrosion data of the geothermal well; a wellhead corrosion measurement mechanism, which is arranged on the geothermal well and is used for measuring wellhead corrosion data of the geothermal well; and a processing apparatus, which is used for receiving and storing the downhole corrosion data and the wellhead corrosion data, and on the basis of an external control instruction, controlling the height adjustment mechanism to adjust the position height of the well liquid level corrosion measurement mechanism in the well, and is further used for generating the well liquid level corrosion data on the basis of an external input signal and storing the well liquid level corrosion data. The system in the present application has a simple structure and can comprehensively and accurately measure corrosion data of a geothermal well.

Description

Geothermal Well Corrosion Measurement System and Method

[0001] Cross-references to related applications

[0002] This application claims the benefit of Chinese Patent Application No. 202411519997.1, filed on October 29, 2024, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] This application relates to the field of corrosion measurement technology, specifically to a geothermal well corrosion measurement system and a geothermal well corrosion measurement method. Background Technology

[0004] Geothermal energy is gaining increasing attention due to its unique advantages such as stability, high efficiency, pollution-free operation, and the ability to provide combined heat and power (CHP). The geothermal energy industry is experiencing rapid growth, and geothermal energy is currently in a period of relatively rapid development. However, a serious problem commonly found in geothermal systems is the presence of Cl- in the geothermal water. - Corrosion caused by the contact of various corrosive components such as oxygen (O2), hydrogen sulfide (H2S), and other pollutants with the materials of equipment in geothermal systems has a severely detrimental impact on the normal operation and economic efficiency of these systems. Statistics show that corroded and perforated pipe fittings and sewage pipelines include elbows, horizontal pipes, risers, and welds. The perforation locations are diverse and widely distributed. Scaling in pipes reduces water flow and heat transfer efficiency, exacerbating corrosion. Corrosion accounts for approximately 11% of the annual losses in geothermal wells, and every 1mm of scale buildup reduces heat exchange efficiency by 5%. While current anti-corrosion and anti-scaling measures have shown some effectiveness, they have not completely solved the problem and seriously hinder the subsequent development of geothermal wells.

[0005] In geothermal development, especially in newly developed areas where the area is unfamiliar, pilot tests are necessary to measure corrosion data and provide parameters for subsequent large-scale development. Therefore, corrosion rates need to be tested and analyzed during pilot tests of geothermal wells. Currently, the main method for geothermal well pilot tests involves collecting geothermal water during pumping tests and analyzing it indoors, while simultaneously incorporating field test parameters for indoor circulation simulation to analyze the corrosivity of the water sample. The drawback of this method is that the parameters used in the indoor tests are not the actual parameters of the geothermal water at the site, leading to discrepancies between the simulated results and the actual field results. This results are inaccurate and cannot guide subsequent large-scale geothermal development.

[0006] Application content

[0007] The purpose of this application is to provide a geothermal well corrosion measurement system and method to solve the problem that the parameters added during indoor testing are not the actual parameters of the geothermal water on site, and the results of indoor simulation deviate from the actual results on site, resulting in inaccurate test results and failing to guide subsequent large-scale geothermal development.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, embodiments of this application provide a geothermal well corrosion measurement system, the system comprising:

[0009] A well fluid surface corrosion measuring mechanism is installed on a height adjustment mechanism. The height adjustment mechanism is used to adjust the position height of the well fluid surface corrosion measuring mechanism in the geothermal well, so that during the measurement process, part of the well fluid surface corrosion measuring mechanism is above the well fluid surface and part is below the well fluid surface. The well fluid surface corrosion measuring mechanism is used to characterize the well fluid surface corrosion data of the geothermal well through the weight change.

[0010] The downhole corrosion measurement mechanism is installed below the well fluid level in the geothermal well and below the well fluid surface corrosion measurement mechanism, and is used to measure the corrosion data inside the geothermal well.

[0011] The wellhead corrosion measurement device is installed on the wellhead weir box of the geothermal well and is used to measure the wellhead corrosion data of the geothermal well.

[0012] A processing device is connected to the downhole corrosion measurement mechanism, the wellhead corrosion measurement mechanism, and the height adjustment mechanism. The processing device is used to: receive and store downhole corrosion data and wellhead corrosion data; control the height adjustment mechanism to adjust the position and height of the well fluid surface corrosion measurement mechanism in the well according to external control commands; and generate and store well fluid surface corrosion data based on external input signals; wherein the external input signals are determined by the weight change.

[0013] Optionally, the well fluid surface corrosion measuring mechanism includes:

[0014] A support column, wherein multiple corrosion plates are arranged at intervals from top to bottom on the outer wall of the support column.

[0015] Optionally, the height adjustment mechanism includes:

[0016] A winding motor, the winding end of which is connected to a well fluid surface corrosion measuring mechanism via a winding and unwinding cable; or

[0017] The height adjustment mechanism includes:

[0018] A test tubing string, on which the well fluid surface corrosion measuring mechanism is mounted;

[0019] The lifting and adjusting mechanism is connected to the test tubing string and is used to adjust the insertion depth of the test tubing string into the well.

[0020] Optionally, the downhole corrosion measurement mechanism includes:

[0021] The outer shell is hollow inside. The measuring end of the outer shell is equipped with a probe measuring test piece and a probe compensation test piece through a sealing mechanism. The sealing end of the outer shell is equipped with a sealing plug. A thermos bottle is installed inside the outer shell.

[0022] A power supply is located inside the thermos bottle and connected to the probe measurement test piece and the probe compensation test piece, for supplying power to the probe measurement test piece and the probe compensation test piece;

[0023] A data acquisition mechanism is installed inside the thermos bottle and connected to the probe measurement test piece and the probe compensation test piece, used to collect corrosion data inside the well.

[0024] A protective cover having an internal accommodating space is disposed at the measuring end of the outer casing, and the probe measuring test piece and the probe compensation test piece are located in the internal accommodating space of the protective cover.

[0025] Optionally, the outer wall of the protective cover is provided with a receiving groove;

[0026] The downhole corrosion measurement mechanism also includes:

[0027] Multiple corrosion-resistant plates are set within the receiving groove of the protective cover via isolation rings.

[0028] Optionally, the wellhead corrosion measuring device includes:

[0029] An inductive sensor is used to collect induced electrical signals at the wellhead of a geothermal well.

[0030] The data acquisition unit is connected to the inductive sensing head via a data relay mechanism. The data acquisition unit is used to obtain wellhead corrosion data of geothermal wells based on induced electrical signals.

[0031] Optionally, the inductive sensing head includes:

[0032] The probe mounting rod has a measuring end sealed with an internally hollow measuring test piece tube. The measuring end of the probe mounting rod is also provided with a reference resistor and multiple inductive probes, which are located inside the measuring test piece tube. The probe mounting rod has a first connector at its connector end, which is connected to the data transfer mechanism.

[0033] Multiple inductive probes and the reference resistor are connected to the first connector via wires, and the inductive probes are used to collect induced electrical signals.

[0034] Optionally, the collector includes:

[0035] The housing is hollow inside, and a bottom plate is provided at the open end of the housing to form a sealed cavity inside the housing. A data transmission socket is provided on the bottom plate.

[0036] A circuit board is disposed within the receiving cavity of the housing and is connected to the data transfer mechanism via a data transmission socket. It is used to obtain wellhead corrosion data of the geothermal well based on the induced electrical signal transmitted by the data transfer mechanism.

[0037] Optionally, the data transmission socket is provided with external threads, and the data transfer mechanism includes:

[0038] A hollow support transmission rod is provided with a first socket and a second socket at its two ends, which are connected to each other by a wire. The first socket is provided with an external thread.

[0039] The transfer plug has a first locking nut and a second locking nut rotatably mounted at both ends. The first locking nut is connected to the data transmission socket, and the second locking nut is connected to the first socket supporting the transmission rod.

[0040] Optionally, the first connector is provided with a first connecting piece;

[0041] A second connecting piece is provided on the second socket of the supporting transmission rod;

[0042] The first connecting piece and the second connecting piece are connected to each other by at least two bolts.

[0043] On the other hand, this application also provides a method for measuring corrosion in geothermal wells, applied to the aforementioned geothermal well corrosion measurement system, the method comprising:

[0044] Confirm that the geothermal well washing process is complete;

[0045] Install the downhole corrosion measurement device on the water pump of the test tubing, and lower the water pump into the geothermal well at a predetermined depth.

[0046] The initial weight of the well fluid surface corrosion measurement mechanism is obtained, and the height of the well fluid surface corrosion measurement mechanism in the geothermal well is adjusted by the height adjustment mechanism so that during the measurement process, part of the well fluid surface corrosion measurement mechanism is above the well fluid surface and part is below the well fluid surface.

[0047] The wellhead corrosion measurement device is installed on the wellhead weir box of the geothermal well;

[0048] The geothermal well corrosion measurement begins. After a preset time, the actual weight of the well fluid surface corrosion measurement device is obtained. Based on the initial and actual weight of the well fluid surface corrosion measurement device, well fluid surface corrosion data is obtained. In addition, the well corrosion data of the downhole corrosion measurement device and the wellhead corrosion data of the wellhead corrosion measurement device are read.

[0049] Optionally, the height adjustment mechanism includes: a winding motor, the winding end of which is connected to the well fluid surface corrosion measurement mechanism via a winding and unwinding cable; or it includes a test tubing string and a lifting and adjusting mechanism, wherein the well fluid surface corrosion measurement mechanism is mounted on the test tubing string.

[0050] The height of the well fluid surface corrosion measuring device within the geothermal well is adjusted using a height adjustment mechanism, including:

[0051] If the geothermal well is in the open state, the well fluid surface corrosion measuring mechanism is connected to the winding end of the winding motor through the winding and unwinding cable, and the position height of the well fluid surface corrosion measuring mechanism in the geothermal well is adjusted by the winding and unwinding of the winding motor.

[0052] If the geothermal well is not in operation, the well fluid corrosion measuring mechanism is set on the test tubing, and the position height of the well fluid corrosion measuring mechanism in the geothermal well is adjusted by adjusting the lowering depth of the test tubing through the lifting and adjusting mechanism.

[0053] This technical solution comprises a geothermal well corrosion measurement system consisting of a well fluid surface corrosion measurement mechanism, a downhole corrosion measurement mechanism, and a wellhead corrosion measurement mechanism. This system enables the measurement of well fluid surface corrosion data, downhole corrosion data, and wellhead corrosion data in geothermal wells. The system has a simple structure and can achieve comprehensive and accurate corrosion detection, thereby providing data support for block development.

[0054] Other features and advantages of the embodiments of this application will be described in detail in the following detailed description section. Attached Figure Description

[0055] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the embodiments of this application and form part of the specification. They are used together with the following detailed description to explain the embodiments of this application, but do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments of this application. In the drawings:

[0056] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first geothermal well corrosion measurement system provided in this application;

[0057] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second geothermal well corrosion measurement system provided in this application;

[0058] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the downhole corrosion measurement mechanism provided in this application;

[0059] Figure 4 is a structural schematic diagram of the wellhead corrosion measurement mechanism provided in this application;

[0060] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the inductive head provided in this application;

[0061] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the data collector provided in this application;

[0062] Figure 7 is a structural diagram of the data transfer agency provided in this application;

[0063] Figure 8 is a flowchart of the first geothermal well corrosion measurement method provided in this application;

[0064] Figure 9 is a flowchart of the second geothermal well corrosion measurement method provided in this application.

[0065] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached diagram: 1-Well fluid surface corrosion measurement mechanism; 2-Height adjustment mechanism; 3-Downhole corrosion measurement mechanism; 4-Wellhead corrosion measurement mechanism; 5-Processing device; 11-Support column; 12-Corrosion hanging plate; 21-Rewinding motor; 22-Test tubing string; 23-Lifting adjustment mechanism; 31-Outer shell; 32-Sealing mechanism; 33-Probe measurement test piece; 34-Probe compensation test piece; 35-Sealing plug; 36-Power supply; 37-Data acquisition mechanism; 38-Protective cover; 41-Inductive sensor head; 42-Acquirrator; 43-Data transfer mechanism; 61-First connecting piece; 62-Second connecting piece; 63-Bolt; 311-Thermos bottle; 381-Receiving groove; 411-Probe mounting rod; 412-Measuring test piece cylinder; 413-Inductive probe; 414-Reference resistor; 415 - First connector; 421 - Housing; 422 - Base plate; 423 - Data transmission socket; 424 - Circuit board; 431 - Transmitter plug; 432 - Support transmission rod; 433 - First socket; 434 - First locking nut; 435 - Second locking nut; 436 - Second socket. Detailed Implementation

[0066] The specific embodiments of this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit the embodiments of this application.

[0067] In the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise stated, directional terms such as "up," "down," "left," and "right" generally refer to the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the product is usually placed when in use.

[0068] The terms “first,” “second,” “third,” etc., are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be interpreted as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0069] The terms "parallel" and "perpendicular" do not mean that the components must be absolutely parallel or perpendicular, but rather that they can be slightly tilted. For example, "parallel" simply means that its direction is more parallel than "perpendicular," not that the structure must be completely parallel, but that it can be slightly tilted.

[0070] The terms "horizontal," "vertical," and "sag" do not imply that a component must be absolutely horizontal, vertical, or sagging, but rather that it can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" simply means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical," not that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted.

[0071] Furthermore, terms like "roughly" and "basically" are used to indicate that the content does not require absolute precision, but rather allows for a certain degree of deviation. For example, "roughly equal" does not simply mean absolute equality; in actual production and operation, achieving absolute "equality" is difficult, and a certain degree of deviation is generally present. Therefore, besides absolute equality, "roughly equal to" also includes the aforementioned situation where a certain degree of deviation exists. Using this as an example, in other cases, unless otherwise specified, terms like "roughly" and "basically" have similar meanings.

[0072] In the description of this application, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "set up," "install," "connect," and "link" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0073] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the first geothermal well corrosion measurement system provided in this application; Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the second geothermal well corrosion measurement system provided in this application; Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the downhole corrosion measurement mechanism provided in this application; Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the wellhead corrosion measurement mechanism provided in this application; Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the inductive sensing head provided in this application; Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the data acquisition device provided in this application; Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the data transfer mechanism provided in this application; Figure 8 is a flowchart of the first geothermal well corrosion measurement method provided in this application; Figure 9 is a flowchart of the second geothermal well corrosion measurement method provided in this application.

[0074] As shown in Figures 1-2, this embodiment provides a geothermal well corrosion measurement system, the system comprising:

[0075] Well fluid surface corrosion measuring mechanism 1 is mounted on height adjusting mechanism 2. Height adjusting mechanism 2 is used to adjust the position height of well fluid surface corrosion measuring mechanism 1 in geothermal well, so that during the measurement process, well fluid surface corrosion measuring mechanism 1 is partially above the well fluid surface and partially below the well fluid surface. Well fluid surface corrosion measuring mechanism 1 is used to characterize the well fluid surface corrosion data of geothermal well through weight change.

[0076] The downhole corrosion measuring mechanism 3 is installed below the well fluid level of the geothermal well and below the well fluid surface corrosion measuring mechanism 1, and is used to measure the corrosion data inside the geothermal well.

[0077] Wellhead corrosion measuring mechanism 4 is installed on the wellhead weir box of the geothermal well and is used to measure the wellhead corrosion data of the geothermal well.

[0078] The processing device 5 is connected to the downhole corrosion measuring mechanism 3, the wellhead corrosion measuring mechanism 4, and the height adjustment mechanism 2. The processing device 5 is used to: receive and store in-well corrosion data and wellhead corrosion data; control the height adjustment mechanism 2 to adjust the position height of the well fluid surface corrosion measuring mechanism 1 in the well according to external control commands; and generate and store well fluid surface corrosion data based on external input signals; wherein the external input signals are determined by the weight change.

[0079] Specifically, in this embodiment, a geothermal well corrosion measurement system is formed by setting a well fluid surface corrosion measurement mechanism 1 at the well fluid surface, a downhole corrosion measurement mechanism 3 at a preset depth in the well, and a wellhead corrosion measurement mechanism 4 at the wellhead. This system enables the measurement of well fluid surface corrosion data, wellbore corrosion data, and wellhead corrosion data. The system has a simple structure and can achieve comprehensive and accurate corrosion detection, thus providing data support for block development. Specifically, the wellhead corrosion measurement mechanism 4 is installed on the wellhead weir box of the geothermal well and is connected to the pipeline, thereby enabling corrosion detection of the fluids (liquid or gas) transported within the pipeline. Furthermore, a processing device 5 is installed, connected to the downhole corrosion measurement mechanism 3, the wellhead corrosion measurement mechanism 4, and the height adjustment mechanism 2. This enables the reading and storage of wellbore corrosion data from the downhole corrosion measurement mechanism 3, and the reading and storage of wellhead corrosion data from the wellhead corrosion measurement mechanism 4. Additionally, when the height of the well fluid surface corrosion measurement mechanism 1 needs adjustment, the height adjustment mechanism 2 is controlled according to received external control commands to adjust the position of the well fluid surface corrosion measurement mechanism 1. After measurement, the operator obtains the weight change of the well fluid surface corrosion measurement mechanism 1 and inputs an external input signal containing the weight change into the processing device 5. The processing device 5 generates and stores well fluid surface corrosion data based on the external input signal. Inputting external control commands and external input signals into the processing device 5 can be achieved via remote control, buttons, touchscreen, etc.

[0080] Further, as shown in Figures 1-2, the well fluid surface corrosion measuring mechanism 1 includes:

[0081] Support column 11, on the outer wall of the support column 11, are arranged a plurality of corrosion hanging plates 12 at intervals from top to bottom.

[0082] In this embodiment, multiple corrosion plates 12 are arranged sequentially and at intervals from top to bottom on the outer wall of the support column 11. During the measurement process, some of the corrosion plates 12 on the support column 11 are above the well fluid surface and some are below the well fluid surface, so as to achieve a comparison of corrosion rates.

[0083] Specifically, five corrosion plates 12 are installed on the outer wall of the support column 11, with a spacing of 30mm between the corrosion plates 12. In the actual measurement process, the top two corrosion plates 12 are adjusted to be above the well fluid surface, the bottom two corrosion plates 12 are adjusted to be below the well fluid surface, and the corrosion plate 12 in the middle position is at the junction of the well fluid surface.

[0084] Further, as shown in Figures 1-2, the height adjustment mechanism 2 includes:

[0085] The winding motor 21, the winding end of which is connected to the well fluid surface corrosion measuring mechanism 1 via a winding and unwinding cable; or

[0086] The height adjustment mechanism 2 includes:

[0087] The test tubing string 22, on which the well fluid surface corrosion measuring mechanism 1 is mounted;

[0088] The lifting and adjusting mechanism 23 is connected to the test water string 22 and is used to adjust the insertion depth of the test water string 22 into the well.

[0089] Specifically, in this embodiment, the height adjustment mechanism 2 is configured with two different implementation methods, which are selected in actual application to improve ease of use and applicability. For example, when the geothermal wellhead is open, a scheme is used where a winding motor 21 connects to the well fluid surface corrosion measuring mechanism 1 via a winding and unwinding cable to adjust the well fluid surface corrosion measuring mechanism 1; when the geothermal wellhead is closed, the well fluid surface corrosion measuring mechanism 1 is mounted on the test tubing 22, and the insertion depth of the test tubing 22 is adjusted by a lifting adjustment mechanism 23, so that the position of the well fluid surface corrosion measuring mechanism 1 is adjusted along with the test tubing 22. More specifically, the test tubing 22 is configured to include: a corrosion-resistant rigid pipe and a corrosion-resistant flexible pipe, with the corrosion-resistant rigid pipe placed in the well, the top of the corrosion-resistant rigid pipe positioned above the geothermal wellhead, and connected to the corrosion-resistant flexible pipe; the test tubing 22 is made of corrosion-resistant material to ensure service life; in addition, the lifting adjustment mechanism 23 can be configured as a hydraulic lifting mechanism, etc., connected to the corrosion-resistant rigid pipe to achieve height adjustment of the corrosion-resistant rigid pipe.

[0090] Further, as shown in Figure 3, the downhole corrosion measurement mechanism 3 includes:

[0091] The outer shell 31 is hollow inside. The measuring end of the outer shell 31 is provided with a probe measuring test piece 33 and a probe compensation test piece 34 through a sealing mechanism 32. The sealing end of the outer shell 31 is provided with a sealing plug 35. A thermos bottle 311 is provided inside the outer shell 31.

[0092] A power supply 36 is installed inside the thermos flask 311 and connected to the probe measuring test piece 33 and the probe compensation test piece 34, for supplying power to the probe measuring test piece 33 and the probe compensation test piece 34;

[0093] The data acquisition mechanism 37 is installed inside the thermos bottle 311 and connected to the probe measuring test piece 33 and the probe compensation test piece 34, and is used to collect corrosion data in the well.

[0094] The protective cover 38 has an internal accommodating space. The protective cover 38 is disposed at the measuring end of the outer shell 31. The probe measuring test piece 33 and the probe compensation test piece 34 are located in the internal accommodating space of the protective cover 38.

[0095] Specifically, due to the high pressure inside the geothermal well, the outer casing 31 has a certain structural strength to withstand the pressure, thus protecting the internal components. Furthermore, because the geothermal well temperature is high, prolonged operation of the components in a high-temperature environment can lead to component damage and affect measurement results. Therefore, a thermos flask 311 is installed inside the outer casing 31 to ensure the internal temperature remains stable at a low value (an insulation layer can also be applied to the inner wall of the outer casing 31 to achieve temperature isolation). The measuring end of the outer casing 31 is equipped with a probe measuring piece 33 and a probe compensation piece 34 via a sealing mechanism 32, which are in contact with the geothermal water and subject to its corrosive changes. The probe measuring piece 33 can measure the corrosion inside the well. The probe compensation piece 34 compensates for changes in measurement data, thereby improving the accuracy of the results. Additionally, a power supply 36 and a data acquisition mechanism 37 are installed inside the thermos flask 311. The power supply 36 and data acquisition mechanism 37 are connected by wires, and also connected to the probe measuring piece 33 and the probe compensation piece 34 via high-temperature resistant wires to achieve signal transmission. The probe measuring piece 33 and the probe compensation piece 34 are housed in the space formed between the protective cover 38 and the outer shell 31, protecting them from scratches that could affect the measurement results, while simultaneously ensuring that the measurement results are not affected. The sealing plug 35 can be connected and disassembled via a threaded connection.

[0096] More specifically, a high-temperature resistant O-ring fluoropolymer seal is provided between the sealing mechanism 32 and the outer casing 31 to achieve a seal, ensuring that the high-temperature geothermal water from the well does not enter the instrument and protecting the internal circuit components; in addition, a corresponding connection structure (clamping structure) is provided inside the thermos bottle 311 to fix the power supply 36 and the data acquisition mechanism 37. The data acquisition mechanism 37 can be set as a chip, microcontroller, or circuit board, etc.

[0097] More specifically, a wireless communication module can be installed inside the thermos flask 311. This module is connected to the data acquisition mechanism 37 and the processing device 5, thereby enabling real-time transmission of measurement data. Additionally, a memory can be installed inside the thermos flask 311 to store the measurement data.

[0098] Furthermore, as shown in Figure 3, the outer wall of the protective cover 38 is provided with a receiving groove 381;

[0099] The downhole corrosion measuring mechanism 3 also includes:

[0100] Multiple corrosion-resistant plates 12 are disposed within the receiving groove 381 of the protective cover 38 via an isolation ring.

[0101] Specifically, due to the possibility of accidental failure of downhole electronic instruments, to prevent the probe measuring test piece 33 and probe compensation test piece 34 from malfunctioning and causing measurement failure, a receiving groove 381 is provided on the outer wall of the protective cover 38. Multiple corrosion hanging pieces 12 are placed in the receiving groove 381 of the protective cover 38 using an isolation ring, providing reliable backup for downhole corrosion measurement and ensuring accurate measurement of downhole corrosion. The corrosion hanging pieces 12 are double-hole strip-shaped corrosion hanging pieces, fixed to the front of the instrument with an isolation ring. These corrosion hanging pieces also serve as a control group, comparing the tested corrosion rate with the corrosion rate measured by the instrument to more accurately verify the accuracy of the corrosion test. Furthermore, the hanging pieces make it easier to determine whether geothermal water exhibits corrosion perforation.

[0102] Further, as shown in Figure 4, the wellhead corrosion measuring mechanism 4 includes:

[0103] The inductive sensing head 41 is used to collect the induced electrical signal at the wellhead of the geothermal well;

[0104] The data acquisition unit 42 is connected to the inductive head 41 through the data transfer mechanism 43. The data acquisition unit 42 is used to obtain wellhead corrosion data of geothermal wells based on induced electrical signals.

[0105] Specifically, in this embodiment, in order to measure the fluid corrosion above the wellhead of the geothermal well, a wellhead corrosion measuring mechanism 4 is installed on the wellhead weir box, and the inductive head 41 of the wellhead corrosion measuring mechanism 4 extends into the delivery pipe and contacts the fluid to collect induced electrical signals. The collected induced electrical signals are then transmitted to the data acquisition unit 42 through the data transfer mechanism 43 to analyze and obtain the wellhead corrosion data of the geothermal well. The data transfer mechanism 43 not only plays the role of data transmission and avoids the influence of electromagnetic signals from the external environment, but also has a certain structural strength to play a supporting and protective role.

[0106] Further, as shown in FIG5, the inductive sensing head 41 includes:

[0107] The probe mounting rod 411 has a hollow measuring sample tube 412 sealed at its measuring end. The measuring end of the probe mounting rod 411 also has a reference resistor 414 and multiple inductive probes 413 located inside the measuring sample tube 412. The probe mounting rod 411 has a first connector 415 at its connector end, which is connected to the data transfer mechanism 43.

[0108] Multiple inductor probes 413 and the reference resistor 414 are connected to the first connector 415 via wires, and the inductor probes 413 are used to collect induced electrical signals.

[0109] Specifically, in this embodiment, the probe mounting rod 411 is hollow and equipped with high-temperature resistant wires. The measuring end of the probe mounting rod 411 is fitted with a hollow measuring sample tube 412, connected via a sealed connection (e.g., a threaded connection with a rubber sealing ring for easy removal and replacement). The measuring end of the probe mounting rod 411 is equipped with multiple inductive probes 413 and a reference resistor 414, located within the internal space of the measuring sample tube 412. The measuring sample tube 412 protects the multiple inductive probes 413 and the reference resistor 414 while also being corroded during fluid movement, causing a change in its thickness and consequently altering the induced electrical signal generated by the inductive probes 413. The thinner the measuring sample tube 412, the stronger the induced electrical signal generated by the inductive probes 413. The reference resistor 414 filters out interference factors such as temperature and pressure, ensuring the accuracy of the corrosion test.

[0110] More specifically, the inductive probe 413 is an inductive probe measurement test piece. Its main function is to provide a test piece consistent with the tested tubing, which can replace the tested tubing to measure corrosion rate. The principle employed is electromagnetic induction achieved through twelve high-temperature wires with their own coils. This method differs from conventional tools that use a single coil for electromagnetic induction. The electromagnetic induction through the twelve high-temperature wires with their own coils significantly increases the speed and accuracy of electromagnetic induction, improving anti-interference capabilities and instrument testing precision. A ceramic tube is placed between the first connector 415 and the wires. Its main functions are high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, and pressure resistance. It serves as a transition component connecting the high-temperature wires and the first connector 415 (using a twelve-core aviation connector), isolating the high temperature and high pressure inside the inductive probe from entering the probe shaft, ensuring the instrument's resistance to high temperature and high pressure.

[0111] Further, as shown in Figure 6, the collector 42 includes:

[0112] The housing 421 is hollow inside, and a bottom plate 422 is provided at the open end of the housing 421, so that a sealed receiving cavity is formed inside the housing 421. A data transmission socket 423 is provided on the bottom plate 422.

[0113] Circuit board 424 is disposed in the receiving cavity of the receiving housing 421 and is connected to the data transfer mechanism 43 through data transmission socket 423. It is used to obtain wellhead corrosion data of geothermal well based on the induced electrical signal transmitted by the data transfer mechanism 43.

[0114] Specifically, in this embodiment, the data collector 42 includes: a housing 421 and a base plate 422 connected to each other. A sealing strip is provided on the surface of the housing 421 that contacts the base plate 422, and it is fixed by screws or the like, so that the interior forms an internally sealed structure, which not only protects the internal structure, but also enables quick disassembly and convenient maintenance. In addition, a data transmission socket 423 is provided on the base plate 422 to realize the transmission of induced electrical signals and the delivery of electrical energy. The circuit board 424 is fixed on the base plate 422 and located inside the housing 421. It is used to receive the induced electrical signals from the data relay mechanism 43, and based on the change in the induced electrical signals, it can determine the wellhead corrosion rate as wellhead corrosion data.

[0115] More specifically, a wireless communication module can be installed on circuit board 424. The wireless communication module is connected to circuit board 424 and to processing device 5, thereby enabling real-time transmission of measurement data. Additionally, a memory can be installed on circuit board 424 to store the measurement data.

[0116] Furthermore, a data processing chip is installed on circuit board 424. During the processing of the induced electrical signal using this chip, to ensure data accuracy, it is necessary to correct for its own errors. This involves fabricating a series of measurement test pieces with different outer diameters (8.0mm to 9.5mm) using high-precision manufacturing processes, with an accuracy exceeding 1%. These test pieces are then processed into simulated probes, and their actual resistance values ​​are measured using high-precision instruments. The measured resistance values ​​are then combined with the theoretical thinning depth of the simulated probes for analysis, leading to the development of a mathematical model.

[0117] Where, ρ 测 Measured resistivity; L is length; L is outer diameter; L is inner diameter; h 测 ρ represents the measured thickness. 补 To compensate for resistivity; γ is the fitting coefficient;

[0118] Among them, h 理论 The theoretical thickness; h 实测 This is the actual measured thickness.

[0119] Further, as shown in Figure 7, the data transmission socket 423 is provided with external threads, and the data transfer mechanism 43 includes:

[0120] A hollow support transmission rod 432 is provided at both ends of the support transmission rod 432, with a first socket 433 and a second socket 436 respectively. The first socket 433 and the second socket 436 are connected to each other by a wire. The first socket 433 is provided with an external thread.

[0121] The transfer plug 431 has a first locking nut 434 and a second locking nut 435 rotatably provided at both ends. The first locking nut 434 is connected to the data transmission socket 423, and the second locking nut 435 is connected to the first socket 433 of the support transmission rod 432.

[0122] Specifically, in this embodiment, by setting up a relay plug 431 and a support transmission rod 432, data transmission is achieved, and installation, disassembly, and portability are facilitated. Furthermore, to ensure data transmission stability and reduce interference from external signals, the support transmission rod 432 is made of metal. A first locking nut 434 and a second locking nut 435 are rotatably provided at both ends of the relay plug 431. Simultaneously, external threads are provided on the data transmission socket 423 connected to both ends of the relay plug 431 and the first socket 433 of the support transmission rod 432. During the insertion of the plugs at both ends of the relay plug 431 into the data transmission socket 423 and the first socket 433 of the support transmission rod 432, respectively, the first locking nut 434 is rotated to ensure a tight connection between the first locking nut 434 and the data transmission socket 423 via threads, and the second locking nut 435 is also tightly connected to the first socket 433 via threads. This ensures the stability of the connection structure, achieves stable data transmission, and improves the service life of the connection parts.

[0123] More specifically, to ensure the lifespan of plugs and sockets, aviation plugs and sockets can be used.

[0124] Furthermore, as shown in Figure 7, a first connecting piece 61 is provided on the first connector 415;

[0125] A second connecting piece 62 is provided on the second socket 436 of the supporting transmission rod 432;

[0126] The first connecting piece 61 and the second connecting piece 62 are connected to each other by at least two bolts 63.

[0127] Specifically, in this embodiment, a first connecting piece 61 is provided on the first connector 415, and a second connecting piece 62 is provided on the second socket 436 supporting the transmission rod 432. The first connecting piece 61 and the second connecting piece 62 are connected to each other by at least two bolts 63, which can ensure the stability of the connection structure, realize stable data transmission, and improve the service life of the plug-in parts. Preferably, the number of bolts 63 is set to four, distributed in a square structure, thereby ensuring the stability of the connection parts.

[0128] This embodiment also provides a method for measuring geothermal well corrosion, applied to the aforementioned geothermal well corrosion measurement system, as shown in Figures 8-9. The method includes:

[0129] Confirm that the geothermal well washing process is complete;

[0130] Install the downhole corrosion measurement device on the water pump of the test tubing, and lower the water pump into the geothermal well at a predetermined depth.

[0131] The initial weight of the well fluid surface corrosion measurement mechanism is obtained, and the height of the well fluid surface corrosion measurement mechanism in the geothermal well is adjusted by the height adjustment mechanism so that during the measurement process, part of the well fluid surface corrosion measurement mechanism is above the well fluid surface and part is below the well fluid surface.

[0132] The wellhead corrosion measurement device is installed on the wellhead weir box of the geothermal well;

[0133] The geothermal well corrosion measurement begins. After a preset time, the actual weight of the well fluid surface corrosion measurement device is obtained. Based on the initial and actual weight of the well fluid surface corrosion measurement device, well fluid surface corrosion data is obtained. In addition, the well corrosion data of the downhole corrosion measurement device and the wellhead corrosion data of the wellhead corrosion measurement device are read.

[0134] Furthermore, the height adjustment mechanism includes: a winding motor, the winding end of which is connected to the well fluid surface corrosion measurement mechanism via a winding and unwinding cable; or it includes a test tubing string and a lifting adjustment mechanism, wherein the well fluid surface corrosion measurement mechanism is mounted on the test tubing string.

[0135] Different height adjustment mechanisms are used to adjust the height of the geothermal wellhead depending on its condition. Therefore, adjusting the height of the well fluid surface corrosion measuring device within the geothermal well via the height adjustment mechanism includes:

[0136] If the geothermal well is in the open state, the well fluid surface corrosion measuring mechanism is connected to the winding end of the winding motor through the winding and unwinding cable, and the position height of the well fluid surface corrosion measuring mechanism in the geothermal well is adjusted by the winding and unwinding of the winding motor.

[0137] If the geothermal well is not in operation, the well fluid corrosion measuring mechanism is set on the test tubing, and the position height of the well fluid corrosion measuring mechanism in the geothermal well is adjusted by adjusting the lowering depth of the test tubing through the lifting and adjusting mechanism.

[0138] In one specific implementation, the downhole corrosion measurement device is installed below the pump at the lowest point of the test tubing to test the downhole corrosion rate. The wellhead corrosion measurement device is installed on the wellhead weir box to test the corrosion rate of the surface tubing. The well fluid surface corrosion measurement device is installed on the coupling of the test tubing, or lowered near the dynamic fluid surface using a cable reel. After completing the test, the corrosion monitoring instruments are retrieved, and the corrosion rates at the wellhead and downhole are read. Simultaneously, the corrosion rate is calculated based on the weighing results of the corrosion strips, and compared with the data from the testing instruments to ultimately determine the corrosion rate of the geothermal well.

[0139] In the development of a certain geothermal block in Kaifeng, the corrosion situation cannot be predicted in advance, necessitating precise corrosion rate testing. A specific implementation example of corrosion rate testing for this geothermal well is as follows:

[0140] 1) Installation of downhole corrosion measurement equipment: Due to the small wellbore size in a certain geothermal block in Kaifeng, conventional geothermal corrosion monitoring tools cannot be used. It is necessary to install downhole corrosion monitoring instruments below the water pump. Since the pump is an old pump, it is not possible to use the method of welding threaded short sections. Therefore, the instrument is installed by directly welding it below the pump.

[0141] 2) Run the test tubing: After installing the downhole corrosion monitoring instrument, run the tubing down to the appropriate position.

[0142] 3) Well fluid surface corrosion measurement mechanism (fluid surface hanging plate insertion): Since the well adopts an open wellhead, it is relatively easy to insert the hanging plate. Therefore, the method of binding the corrosion hanging plate to the measuring rope is adopted for insertion. Five sets of hanging plates are used at the top and bottom, with a spacing of 30mm. The third position is near the moving fluid surface, the first and second positions are above the moving fluid surface, and the fourth and fifth positions are below the moving fluid surface.

[0143] 4) Connect the wellhead pumping line: After the downhole tubing is lowered, the wellhead test line needs to be connected. The outlet of the wellhead test line is at the weir box.

[0144] 5) Install a wellhead corrosion measurement device: Install a wellhead corrosion measurement device at the weir box location. The instrument probe is made of the same material as the surface manifold to simulate the corrosion rate of the surface manifold.

[0145] 6) Pumping test: After all the tools are installed, the pumping test will begin.

[0146] 7) Data reading: After the pumping test is completed, remove the instrument to read the corrosion data and calculate the corrosion rate.

[0147] Through the above solutions, this application can achieve the following technical effects:

[0148] (1) By designing a new geothermal water testing method, using downhole corrosion measurement mechanism, well fluid surface corrosion measurement mechanism and wellhead corrosion measurement mechanism, corrosion monitoring is carried out at three different locations and in different forms to accurately test the corrosion rate of geothermal water, providing accurate data for subsequent block development, and solving the technical problem that the corrosion rate of formation water cannot be accurately tested in the current geothermal well pilot test process.

[0149] (2) By designing a small-sized corrosion monitoring instrument, the problem that the corrosion monitoring instrument in small wells is difficult to be successfully installed and cannot monitor the corrosion rate of small wells is solved. The problem that the current downhole corrosion monitoring instrument can only be used in large annular wells and cannot be installed in small wells due to insufficient space is solved. By designing a water pump-driven downhole corrosion measurement mechanism, sufficient space can be provided for the downhole corrosion monitoring instrument, ensuring that corrosion data can be tested in small wells.

[0150] (3) By designing a wellhead corrosion measurement mechanism, the problem that the current geothermal water corrosion test only tests the corrosion of water quality and cannot test the corrosion rate of the ground pipes after the well is built can be solved. By designing a wellhead corrosion monitoring instrument, the corrosion rate of the ground pipes after the geothermal well is built can be accurately tested on site, providing accurate parameters for geothermal well development.

[0151] (4) By designing two types of well fluid surface corrosion measurement mechanisms for corrosion monitoring (downhole hanging plate installation method), the problem that geothermal wells cannot simulate the corrosion rate at the dynamic fluid surface position during the corrosion rate test is solved. By installing corrosion hanging plates between the dynamic fluid surface and the static fluid surface, the corrosion rate of the dynamic fluid surface can be accurately tested.

[0152] The optional embodiments of the present application have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the embodiments of the present application are not limited to the specific details in the above embodiments. Within the scope of the technical concept of the embodiments of the present application, various simple modifications can be made to the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and these simple modifications all fall within the protection scope of the embodiments of the present application.

[0153] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the steps in the methods of the above embodiments can be implemented by a program instructing related hardware. This program is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a microcontroller, chip, or processor to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of this application. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as a USB flash drive, a portable hard drive, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.

[0154] The optional embodiments of this application have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the embodiments of this application are not limited to the specific details described above. Within the scope of the technical concept of the embodiments of this application, various simple modifications can be made to the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and these simple modifications all fall within the protection scope of the embodiments of this application. It should also be noted that the various specific technical features described in the above specific embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction. To avoid unnecessary repetition, the embodiments of this application will not describe the various possible combinations separately.

[0155] Furthermore, various different implementation methods of the embodiments of this application can be combined arbitrarily, as long as they do not violate the spirit of the embodiments of this application, they should also be regarded as the content disclosed in the embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. A geothermal well corrosion measurement system, characterized in that, The system includes: A well fluid surface corrosion measuring mechanism (1) is mounted on a height adjusting mechanism (2). The height adjusting mechanism (2) is used to adjust the position height of the well fluid surface corrosion measuring mechanism (1) in the geothermal well, so that during the measurement process, part of the well fluid surface corrosion measuring mechanism (1) is above the well fluid surface and part is below the well fluid surface. The well fluid surface corrosion measuring mechanism (1) is used to characterize the well fluid surface corrosion data of the geothermal well through weight change. The height adjusting mechanism (2) includes: A winding motor (21), the winding end of which is connected to a well fluid surface corrosion measuring mechanism (1) via a winding and unwinding cable; or The height adjustment mechanism (2) includes: The test tubing string (22) is provided with the well fluid surface corrosion measuring mechanism (1) mounted on the test tubing string (22). The lifting and adjusting mechanism (23) is connected to the test tubing (22) and is used to adjust the well depth of the test tubing (22); The downhole corrosion measuring mechanism (3) is set below the well fluid surface of the geothermal well and below the well fluid surface corrosion measuring mechanism (1) for measuring the in-well corrosion data of the geothermal well; Wellhead corrosion measurement mechanism (4) is set on the wellhead weir box of the geothermal well and is used to measure the wellhead corrosion data of the geothermal well; The processing device (5) is connected to the downhole corrosion measuring mechanism (3), the wellhead corrosion measuring mechanism (4), and the height adjustment mechanism (2). The processing device (5) is used to: receive and store in-well corrosion data and wellhead corrosion data; control the height adjustment mechanism (2) to adjust the position height of the well fluid surface corrosion measuring mechanism (1) in the well according to external control commands; and generate and store well fluid surface corrosion data based on external input signals; wherein the external input signals are determined by the weight change.

2. The geothermal well corrosion measurement system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The well fluid surface corrosion measuring device (1) includes: Support column (11), on the outer wall of the support column (11) are a plurality of corrosion plates (12) arranged at intervals from top to bottom.

3. The geothermal well corrosion measurement system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The downhole corrosion measurement device (3) includes: The outer shell (31) is hollow inside. The measuring end of the outer shell (31) is provided with a probe measuring test piece (33) and a probe compensation test piece (34) through a sealing mechanism (32). The sealing end of the outer shell (31) is provided with a sealing plug (35). The thermos bottle (311) is provided inside the outer shell (31). A power supply (36) is installed inside the thermos bottle (311) and connected to the probe measuring test piece (33) and the probe compensation test piece (34) for supplying power to the probe measuring test piece (33) and the probe compensation test piece (34); The data acquisition mechanism (37) is set inside the thermos bottle (311) and connected to the probe measuring test piece (33) and the probe compensation test piece (34) for collecting corrosion data in the well. A protective cover (38) has an internal accommodating space. The protective cover (38) is disposed at the measuring end of the outer shell (31). The probe measuring test piece (33) and the probe compensation test piece (34) are located in the internal accommodating space of the protective cover (38).

4. The geothermal well corrosion measurement system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The outer wall of the protective cover (38) is provided with a receiving groove (381); The downhole corrosion measurement device (3) also includes: Multiple corrosion plates (12) are set in the receiving groove (381) of the protective cover (38) through an isolation ring.

5. The geothermal well corrosion measurement system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The wellhead corrosion measuring mechanism (4) includes: An inductive sensor (41) is used to collect induced electrical signals at the wellhead of a geothermal well; The collector (42) is connected to the inductive head (41) through the data transfer mechanism (43). The collector (42) is used to obtain wellhead corrosion data of geothermal wells based on induced electrical signals.

6. The geothermal well corrosion measurement system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The inductive sensing head (41) includes: The probe mounting rod (411) has a hollow measuring test tube (412) sealed at its measuring end. The measuring end of the probe mounting rod (411) is also provided with a reference resistor (414) and multiple inductive probes (413). The multiple inductive probes (413) and the reference resistor (414) are located inside the measuring test tube (412). The connector end of the probe mounting rod (411) is provided with a first connector (415), which is connected to the data transfer mechanism (43). Multiple inductive probes (413) and the reference resistor (414) are connected to the first connector (415) via wires, and the inductive probes (413) are used to collect induced electrical signals.

7. The geothermal well corrosion measurement system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The collector (42) includes: The housing (421) is hollow inside, and a bottom plate (422) is provided at the open end of the housing (421) so that a sealed cavity is formed inside the housing (421). A data transmission socket (423) is provided on the bottom plate (422). A circuit board (424) is disposed in the cavity of the housing (421) and connected to the data transfer mechanism (43) via a data transmission socket (423) to obtain wellhead corrosion data of the geothermal well based on the induced electrical signal transmitted by the data transfer mechanism (43).

8. The geothermal well corrosion measurement system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The data transmission socket (423) is provided with external threads, and the data transfer mechanism (43) includes: The support transmission rod (432) is hollow inside. A first socket (433) and a second socket (436) are respectively provided at both ends of the support transmission rod (432). The first socket (433) and the second socket (436) are connected to each other by wires. The first socket (433) is provided with external threads. The relay plug (431) has a first locking nut (434) and a second locking nut (435) rotatably provided at both ends. The first locking nut (434) is connected to the data transmission socket (423), and the second locking nut (435) is connected to the first socket (433) of the support transmission rod (432).

9. The geothermal well corrosion measurement system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The first connector (415) is provided with a first connecting piece (61); A second connecting piece (62) is provided on the second socket (436) of the supporting transmission rod (432); The first connecting piece (61) and the second connecting piece (62) are connected to each other by at least two bolts (63).

10. A method for measuring corrosion in geothermal wells, applied to the geothermal well corrosion measurement system according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, The method includes: Confirm that the geothermal well washing process is complete; Install the downhole corrosion measurement device on the water pump of the test tubing, and lower the water pump into the geothermal well at a predetermined depth. The initial weight of the well fluid surface corrosion measurement mechanism is obtained, and the height of the well fluid surface corrosion measurement mechanism in the geothermal well is adjusted by the height adjustment mechanism so that during the measurement process, part of the well fluid surface corrosion measurement mechanism is above the well fluid surface and part is below the well fluid surface. The wellhead corrosion measurement device is installed on the wellhead weir box of the geothermal well; The geothermal well corrosion measurement begins. After a preset time, the actual weight of the well fluid surface corrosion measurement device is obtained. Based on the initial and actual weight of the well fluid surface corrosion measurement device, well fluid surface corrosion data is obtained. In addition, the well corrosion data of the downhole corrosion measurement device and the wellhead corrosion data of the wellhead corrosion measurement device are read.

11. The method for measuring corrosion in geothermal wells according to claim 10, characterized in that, The height adjustment mechanism includes: a winding motor, the winding end of which is connected to the well fluid surface corrosion measurement mechanism via a winding and unwinding cable; or it includes a test tubing string and a lifting and adjusting mechanism, wherein the well fluid surface corrosion measurement mechanism is mounted on the test tubing string. The height of the well fluid surface corrosion measuring device within the geothermal well is adjusted using a height adjustment mechanism, including: If the geothermal well is in the open state, the well fluid surface corrosion measuring mechanism is connected to the winding end of the winding motor through the winding and unwinding cable, and the position height of the well fluid surface corrosion measuring mechanism in the geothermal well is adjusted by the winding and unwinding of the winding motor. If the geothermal well is not in operation, the well fluid corrosion measuring mechanism is set on the test tubing, and the position height of the well fluid corrosion measuring mechanism in the geothermal well is adjusted by adjusting the lowering depth of the test tubing through the lifting and adjusting mechanism.

Images