Battery energy storage system

Abstract

A battery energy storage system, the system comprising a cabinet body (100), a plurality of battery modules (200) and a liquid-cooling device (300), wherein the plurality of battery modules (200) are arranged in a battery compartment (120) of the cabinet body (100); the battery compartment (120) is filled with a cooling medium, and the cooling medium immerses the battery modules (200); and the liquid-cooling device (300) is installed in an electrical compartment (110) of the cabinet body (100), and a liquid inlet (310) and a liquid return port (320) of the liquid-cooling device (300) are in communication with the battery compartment (120), such that the cooling medium creates a cooling cycle between the battery compartment (120) and the liquid-cooling device (300). The battery energy storage system has a good heat dissipation effect, thus improving the reliability of the battery energy storage system.

Description

Battery energy storage system

[0001] This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202422626694.1, filed with the Chinese Patent Office on October 29, 2024, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] This application relates to the field of battery technology, and more particularly to an energy storage battery system. Background Technology

[0003] The core functional components of a battery energy storage system are multiple battery modules. These modules store electrical energy and output it when needed, enabling cyclic operation. However, battery modules generate a significant amount of heat during charging and discharging. Excessively high temperatures can affect the cycle life and reliability of the battery modules, and even pose safety hazards. Therefore, cooling measures are necessary for the battery modules. Invention Overview

[0004] In related technologies, air cooling is used to dissipate heat from the battery module, but this has low heat dissipation efficiency and poor heat dissipation effect. Liquid cooling plates are also used, but the contact area between the liquid cooling plate and the battery module is limited, resulting in only moderate heat dissipation effect.

[0005] This application provides a battery energy storage system, including:

[0006] The cabinet contains an electrical compartment and a sealed battery compartment.

[0007] Multiple battery modules are disposed within the battery compartment, which is filled with a cooling medium that submerges the battery modules.

[0008] A liquid cooling device is installed inside the electrical compartment. The liquid cooling device includes an inlet and an outlet, which are connected to the battery compartment, so that the cooling medium forms a cooling cycle between the battery compartment and the liquid cooling device. Beneficial effects

[0009] The battery energy storage system provided in this application includes a cabinet, multiple battery modules, and a liquid cooling device. The cabinet contains an electrical compartment and a sealed battery compartment. The battery modules are installed in the battery compartment, which is filled with a cooling medium that is submerged in the battery modules. The liquid cooling device includes an inlet and an outlet that are connected to the battery compartment, allowing the cooling medium to form a cooling cycle between the battery compartment and the liquid cooling device. This provides all-around cooling for the battery modules, resulting in good cooling performance and a small footprint. It overcomes the problem of poor heat dissipation in existing battery energy storage systems and improves the reliability of the battery energy storage system. Attached Figure Description

[0010] Figure 1 is an external schematic diagram of the battery energy storage system provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0011] Figure 2 is an internal schematic diagram of the battery energy storage system provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0012] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the cooling cycle system of the battery energy storage system provided in the embodiment of this application.

[0013] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the pipeline connecting the liquid cooler and the battery compartment in the battery energy storage system provided in the embodiment of this application.

[0014] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the support for the battery module in the battery energy storage system provided in the embodiment of this application.

[0015] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the top of the battery energy storage system provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0016] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the installation of the fire-fighting device of the battery energy storage system provided in the embodiment of this application.

[0017] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of an alarm device and a start / stop button installed on the cabinet door of the battery energy storage system provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0018] The attached icon is labeled as follows:

[0019] 100. Cabinet; 110. Electrical compartment; 120. Battery compartment; 121. Partition; 122. Battery sub-compartment; 140. Explosion relief plate; 150. Ventilation balance valve; 170. Baffle;

[0020] 200. Battery module; 210. Bracket; 211. Through hole; 220. Mounting slot;

[0021] 300. Liquid cooling device; 310. Liquid inlet; 320. Liquid return outlet; 330. Liquid chiller; 340. Main pipeline; 350. Branch pipeline; 360. Return pipe;

[0022] 400. Fire detection equipment;

[0023] 500. Fire extinguishing equipment;

[0024] 600. Fire control devices;

[0025] 700. Alarm device;

[0026] 800. Start / Stop button. Embodiments of the present invention

[0027] Referring to Figures 1, 2 and 3, this application embodiment provides a battery energy storage system, including a cabinet 100, multiple battery modules 200 and a liquid cooling device 300.

[0028] In some embodiments, referring to Figures 1, 2, and 3, the cabinet 100 has a cubic structure and may be made of stainless steel. In some embodiments, the cabinet 100 has a multi-layer structure, such as two layers of steel plates forming a sandwich layer, with an insulation layer placed within the sandwich layer. An insulation layer may also be placed on the inner or outer sidewalls of the cabinet 100. By placing the insulation layer, the probability of heat exchange between the inside and outside of the cabinet 100 affecting the battery module 200 is reduced. In some embodiments, the bottom of the cabinet 100 has a forklift hole, and the top has a lifting ring. The cabinet 100 can be moved or lifted using mechanical equipment through the forklift hole or lifting ring, making operation simple. A baffle 170 is provided inside the cabinet 100, extending along the height direction of the cabinet 100, dividing the space inside the cabinet 100 into an electrical compartment 110 and a sealed battery compartment 120.

[0029] In some embodiments, referring to Figures 2 and 3, multiple battery modules 200 are provided and installed within a sealed battery compartment 120. For example, the multiple battery modules 200 are stacked along the height direction of the cabinet 100. In some embodiments, the uppermost battery module 200 is spaced a certain distance from the top of the cabinet 100, and a certain installation space is formed between the battery module 200 and the cabinet 100, allowing related devices to be installed within this space without interference. The battery compartment 120 is filled with a cooling medium. The cooling medium can be a liquid cooling medium such as synthetic oil, mineral oil, or fluorinated liquid. The cooling medium immerses the battery modules 200 so that each battery module 200 is submerged in the cooling medium.

[0030] In some embodiments, referring to Figures 3 and 4, a liquid cooling device 300 is installed within the electrical compartment 110. The liquid cooling device 300 can be an air-cooled liquid chiller. Electrical components such as a high-voltage box and a PCS are also installed within the electrical compartment 110. The liquid cooling device 300 includes an inlet 310 and a return outlet 320, which are connected to the battery compartment 120, allowing the cooling medium to form a cooling cycle between the battery compartment 120 and the liquid cooling device 300. After heat exchange between the cooling medium in the battery compartment 120 and the battery module 200, the cooling medium flows out through the return outlet 320, is cooled by the liquid cooling device 300, and then flows back into the battery compartment 120 through the inlet 310, providing circulating cooling for the battery module 200. This improves the cooling effect of the battery module 200.

[0031] In some embodiments, referring to Figures 3 and 4, multiple liquid inlets 310 are provided, each corresponding to a battery module 200. The liquid inlets 310 are located next to the battery module 200, and the cooling medium flowing out of the liquid inlets 310 flows directly to the corresponding battery module 200. This ensures that the cooling effect of the cooling medium flowing to each battery module 200 is consistent, guaranteeing the cooling effect of each battery module 200 and improving the reliability of the battery module 200.

[0032] In other embodiments, a liquid inlet 310 is provided, located near the top of the cabinet 100. The cooling medium flowing through the liquid inlet 310 passes sequentially from top to bottom through each battery module 200, thereby cooling each battery module 200. The liquid inlet 310 occupies little space and is simple to arrange.

[0033] In some embodiments, referring to Figures 3 and 5, the battery module 200 includes a battery pack and a bracket 210. The battery pack includes multiple individual cells arranged sequentially along the width or length direction. The bracket 210 has a mounting groove 220. The bracket 210 includes a base plate and side plates, which together form the mounting groove 220. The battery pack is installed within the mounting groove 220, and the bracket 210 is fixedly connected to the battery compartment 120. A liquid inlet 310 communicates with the mounting groove 220. Each liquid inlet 310 corresponds to one mounting groove 220, and the cooling medium flowing out of the liquid inlet 310 immerses the battery pack, cooling each individual cell and providing good heat dissipation.

[0034] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 2, the battery compartment 120 is provided with multiple partitions 121, which are spaced apart along the height of the cabinet, dividing the battery compartment 120 into multiple battery sub-compartments 122. The battery sub-compartments 122 are interconnected, and the battery module 200 is installed in the corresponding battery sub-compartment 122. The bracket 210 can be pulled out and installed in the battery sub-compartment 122, facilitating the installation and removal of the battery module 200.

[0035] In some embodiments, referring to FIG5, the bracket 210 is provided with a plurality of through holes 211, the through holes 211 penetrate the side wall of the bracket 210, and a channel is formed in the side wall of the bracket 210, the channel connecting the through holes 211 and the liquid inlet 310.

[0036] For example, referring to Figure 5, the bracket 210 includes a base plate and three side plates, which together form a mounting groove 220 with openings at the top and ends. Multiple through holes 211 are formed on the side plates at both ends of the individual battery cell, penetrating the side plates. Channels are formed inside the side plates, communicating with the through holes 211. Interfaces are provided at the ends of the side plates, communicating with the channels and connecting to liquid inlets 310. Cooling medium flowing from the liquid inlets 310 enters the channels within the side plates through the interfaces, then flows out through the through holes 211, immersing the individual battery cell.

[0037] In this embodiment, by providing channels and multiple through holes 211 on the bracket 210, the cooling medium flowing from the inlet 310 is directed to various locations of the battery module 200, improving the fluidity of the cooling medium. This ensures heat dissipation at all parts of the battery module 200, reduces the probability of the battery module 200 exploding due to localized overheating, and improves the reliability of the battery module 200.

[0038] In some embodiments, referring to FIG5, the battery pack includes a plurality of individual cells arranged in sequence along the length of the support 210. Through-holes 211 are located between adjacent individual cells, allowing cooling medium flowing out of the through-holes 211 to enter the gap between adjacent individual cells, reducing the probability of individual cells obstructing the flow of cooling medium and ensuring the heat dissipation effect of each individual cell.

[0039] In some embodiments, referring to Figures 3 and 4, the liquid cooling device 300 includes a liquid cooler 330, a main pipeline 340, a return pipeline 360, and a plurality of branch pipelines 350. The main pipeline 340 connects the liquid cooler 330 and the plurality of branch pipelines 350. One end of each branch pipeline 350 away from the main pipeline 340 is provided with a liquid inlet 310. One end of the return pipeline 360 ​​is connected to the liquid cooler 330, and the other end is provided with a return port 320.

[0040] For example, referring to Figures 3 and 4, the liquid cooler 330 has an inlet end and an outlet end. One end of the main pipeline 340 is connected to the outlet end of the liquid cooler 330. The main pipeline 340 passes through the top of the cabinet 100 and enters the battery compartment 120. The location where the main pipeline 340 passes through the side wall of the battery compartment 120 is sealed to reduce the probability of leakage in the battery compartment 120 due to the installation of the main pipeline 340. The main pipeline 340 extends along the height of the cabinet 100 to a position near the bottom of the battery compartment 120, and is located on one side of the battery module 200. Along the direction of extension of the main pipeline 340, multiple pipe joints are provided on the main pipeline 340, each pipe joint connecting to a branch pipeline 350. The branch pipeline 350 is horizontally arranged, and the end of the branch pipeline 350 opposite to the pipe joint is the liquid inlet 310. Each branch pipeline 350 corresponds to one battery module 200. The diameter of branch pipe 350 is smaller than that of main pipe 340, increasing the flow rate of the cooling medium within branch pipe 350. One end of return pipe 360 ​​connects to the inlet of liquid cooler 330, and the other end is a return port 320. Return pipe 360 ​​passes through baffle 170 between electrical compartment 110 and battery compartment 120, and the connection between return pipe 360 ​​and baffle 170 is sealed. Return pipe 360 ​​is positioned near the bottom of battery compartment 120, below all battery modules 200. This allows the cooling medium to flow back into liquid cooler 330 as much as possible for cooling, reducing the amount of hot cooling medium remaining in battery compartment 120 and improving cooling efficiency.

[0041] In this embodiment, the pipeline connecting the battery compartment 120 and the liquid cooler 330 has a main pipeline 340 and multiple branch pipelines 350. The multiple branch pipelines 350 are arranged in parallel to each other to reduce the temperature difference between the battery modules 200 and improve the cooling effect.

[0042] In some embodiments, referring to Figures 1 and 6, a pressure relief plate 140 is provided on the cabinet 100 at the top of the battery compartment 120. The cabinet 100 at the top of the battery compartment 120 has an opening, which is sealed by the pressure relief plate 140, and the pressure relief plate 140 is sealed to the cabinet 100 surrounding the opening. The pressure relief plate 140 can be a rectangular or circular plate structure. When the air pressure inside the battery compartment 120 exceeds a preset air pressure value, the pressure relief plate 140 bursts open to release pressure. This reduces the probability of the battery energy storage system exploding due to excessive air pressure inside the battery compartment 120, thus improving the reliability of the battery energy storage system.

[0043] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 6, a ventilated balancing valve 150 is provided on the cabinet 100 at the top of the battery compartment 120, and the cooling medium is spaced a certain distance from the ventilated balancing valve 150. The ventilated balancing valve 150 is sealed to the cabinet 100. The ventilated balancing valve 150 is an assemblable and detachable protective component formed by combining a breathable membrane material with a valve body through processes such as injection molding, welding, bonding, and hot melting. Under the action of pressure difference, the gas inside and outside the battery compartment 120 passes through the gas channel of the ventilated balancing valve 150, passes through the breathable membrane material, and performs gas compensation to maintain the pressure balance of the gas inside and outside the battery compartment 120.

[0044] In some embodiments, referring to Figures 2 and 7, a fire detection device 400 and a fire extinguishing device 500 are also included. The fire detection device 400 is disposed within the electrical compartment 110 and / or the battery compartment 120, and is configured to monitor fire signals within the electrical compartment 110 and / or the battery compartment 120. The fire detection device 400 can be a heat detector, a smoke detector, a combined smoke and heat detector, an ultraviolet flame detector, a combustible gas detector, an infrared beam detector, etc. The fire detection device 400 is mounted on a cabinet 100 at the top of the battery compartment 120, with the cooling medium at a certain distance from the fire detection device 400. The fire detection device 400 can also be mounted on a cabinet 100 at the top of the electrical compartment 110. The fire extinguishing device 500 is disposed within the battery compartment 120 and / or the electrical compartment 110. For example, the fire extinguishing device 500 is mounted on a cabinet 100 at the top of the battery compartment 120, with the fire extinguishing device 500 at a certain distance from the cooling medium. Fire extinguishing device 500 can be a fire extinguisher.

[0045] In this embodiment of the application, the battery energy storage system also includes a fire detection device 400 and a fire extinguishing device 500, which can promptly handle the fire inside the cabinet 100 and reduce the probability of serious consequences caused by the spread of the fire.

[0046] In some embodiments, referring to FIG7, a fire control device 600 is also included, which is installed in the electrical compartment 110. The fire detection device 400 and the fire extinguishing device 500 are respectively connected to the fire control device 600, and the fire control device 600 is configured to control the activation of the fire extinguishing device 500 based on a fire signal. For example, the fire detection device 400 monitors smoke information in the battery compartment 120 in real time, and the fire control device 600 has a preset smoke threshold. When the smoke information exceeds the smoke threshold, the fire control device 600 controls the activation of the fire extinguishing device 500. The monitoring is sensitive and highly automated.

[0047] In some embodiments, referring to FIG8, an alarm device 700 is also included. The alarm device 700 is connected to the fire detection device 400 and is configured to issue an alarm message based on a fire signal. The alarm device 700 can be an audible and visual alarm. The alarm device 700 is installed on the outer wall of the door of the cabinet 100 for easy observation of the alarm message by the user.

[0048] In some embodiments, referring to FIG8, a start / stop button 800 is also included, which is installed on the cabinet 100. The start / stop button 800 is connected to the fire extinguishing device 500 and is configured to control the start and stop of the fire extinguishing device 500. The start / stop button 800 is installed on the outer wall of the door of the cabinet 100. After the alarm device 700 issues an alarm message, the staff can control the fire extinguishing device 500 to start and carry out fire extinguishing by using the start / stop button 800.

Claims

1. A battery energy storage system, comprising: Cabinet (100), wherein an electrical compartment (110) and a sealed battery compartment (120) are formed inside the cabinet (100). Multiple battery modules (200) are disposed in the battery compartment (120), which is filled with a cooling medium that submerges the battery modules (200). A liquid cooling device (300) is installed in the electrical compartment (110). The liquid cooling device (300) includes an inlet (310) and a return port (320). The inlet (310) and the return port (320) are connected to the battery compartment (120), so that the cooling medium forms a cooling cycle between the battery compartment (120) and the liquid cooling device (300).

2. The battery energy storage system according to claim 1, wherein, Multiple liquid inlets (310) are provided, and each liquid inlet (310) corresponds to one battery module (200).

3. The battery energy storage system according to claim 2, wherein, The battery module (200) includes a battery pack and a bracket (210). The bracket (210) has a mounting groove (220). The battery pack is installed in the mounting groove (220). The bracket (210) is fixedly connected to the battery compartment (120). The liquid inlet (310) is connected to the mounting groove (220).

4. The battery energy storage system according to claim 3, wherein, The bracket (210) is provided with a plurality of through holes (211), the through holes (211) penetrate the side wall of the bracket (210), and a channel is formed in the side wall of the bracket (210), the channel connecting the through holes (211) and the liquid inlet (310).

5. The battery energy storage system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The battery pack includes a plurality of individual cells arranged in sequence, and the via (211) is opposite to the area between adjacent individual cells.

6. The battery energy storage system according to claim 2, wherein, The liquid cooling device (300) includes a liquid cooler (330), a main pipeline (340), a return pipeline (360), and multiple branch pipelines (350). The main pipeline (340) is connected between the liquid cooler (330) and the multiple branch pipelines (350). The end of the branch pipeline (350) opposite to the main pipeline (340) is provided with the liquid inlet (310). One end of the return pipeline (360) is connected to the liquid cooler (330), and the other end is provided with the return port (320).

7. The battery energy storage system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein, The battery compartment (120) is provided with multiple partitions (121), which are spaced apart along the height of the cabinet to divide the battery compartment (120) into multiple battery sub-compartments (122). The battery sub-compartments (122) are interconnected, and the battery module (200) is installed in the corresponding battery sub-compartment (122).

8. The battery energy storage system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein, The return port (320) is located near the bottom of the battery compartment (120).

9. The battery energy storage system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein, A ventilated balance valve (150) is provided on the cabinet (100) at the top of the battery compartment (120), and the cooling medium is spaced a certain distance from the ventilated balance valve (150).

10. The battery energy storage system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, further comprising: A fire detection device (400) is installed in the electrical compartment (110) and / or the battery compartment (120), and the fire detection device (400) is configured to monitor fire signals in the electrical compartment (110) and / or the battery compartment (120); A fire extinguishing device (500) is provided in the battery compartment (120) and / or the electrical compartment (110).

11. The battery energy storage system according to claim 10, further comprising a fire control device (600) and an alarm device (700), wherein the fire detection device (400), the fire extinguishing device (500), and the alarm device (700) are respectively connected to the fire control device (600), and the fire control device (600) is configured as follows: The fire extinguishing device (500) is activated according to the fire signal; The alarm device (700) is controlled to issue an alarm message according to the fire signal.

12. The battery energy storage system according to claim 11 further includes a start / stop button (800) installed on the cabinet (100), the start / stop button (800) being connected to the fire extinguishing device (500), and the start / stop button (800) being configured to control the start / stop of the fire extinguishing device (500).

13. The battery energy storage system according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein, The cabinet (100) includes a thermal insulation layer, which is disposed in the interlayer of the outer surface and / or inner surface and / or sidewall of the cabinet (100).

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