Panel and photovoltaic assembly

Abstract

Disclosed in the present application are a panel and a photovoltaic assembly. The photovoltaic assembly comprises a panel, a backsheet, a cell sheet layer and a first encapsulation adhesive film layer, wherein the backsheet and the panel are arranged in a stacked manner, the cell sheet layer is located between the panel and the backsheet, the first encapsulation adhesive film layer is located between the cell sheet layer and the panel, a fluorine-containing film layer is arranged on the side of the panel that faces away from the first encapsulation adhesive film layer, an anti-reflection layer is arranged on at least one side of the fluorine-containing film layer in the direction of the thickness of the fluorine-containing film layer, and the fluorine-containing film layer is a light-transmitting layer. The fluorine-containing film layer has good hydrophobicity and can resist contamination and prevent dust accumulation. By providing the fluorine-containing film layer on the panel, it can increase the difficulty for impurities such as dirty water and dust to accumulate on the panel, thereby making the panel easier to clean. In addition, the anti-reflection layer can reduce the reflection of sunlight on the panel, thereby increasing the amount of incident sunlight, increasing the solar power generation capacity, and reducing the phenomenon of building light pollution.

Description

Panels and photovoltaic modules

[0001] This application claims priority to Chinese patent application filed on November 4, 2024, with application number 202411563075.0, entitled "Photovoltaic Module", the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] This application relates to the field of photovoltaic technology, and more particularly to a panel and a photovoltaic module. Background Technology

[0003] With the increasing prominence of severe issues such as energy shortages and climate emissions, countries worldwide are paying more and more attention to clean, pollution-free renewable energy sources. Solar energy is an inexhaustible and green energy source. Currently, photovoltaic power generation has a wide range of applications, and building-integrated photovoltaics (BIPV) is gradually becoming a trend, with residential rooftops being the main application area for distributed photovoltaics. Among related technologies, photovoltaic modules have high reflectivity, which can cause significant light pollution, and the surface of photovoltaic modules is not easy to clean.

[0004] Application content

[0005] This application aims to address at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art or related technologies.

[0006] Therefore, the first aspect of this application provides a photovoltaic module.

[0007] A second aspect of this application provides a panel.

[0008] The photovoltaic module of this application includes a panel, a backsheet, a cell layer, and a first encapsulating film layer. The backsheet and the panel are stacked together, the cell layer is located between the panel and the backsheet, the first encapsulating film layer is located between the cell layer and the panel, a fluorinated film layer is provided on the side of the panel away from the first encapsulating film layer, and an anti-reflective layer is provided on at least one side of the fluorinated film layer along the thickness direction. The fluorinated film layer is a light-transmitting layer.

[0009] The panel of the present application embodiment is provided with a fluorine-containing film layer on one side, and an anti-reflective layer is provided on at least one side of the fluorine-containing film layer along the thickness direction. The fluorine-containing film layer is a light-transmitting layer.

[0010] The beneficial effects of this application are as follows: the fluorinated film layer has good hydrophobicity and is resistant to dirt and dust accumulation. By setting the fluorinated film layer on the panel, it is more difficult for sewage, dust and other impurities to accumulate on the panel, thus making the panel easier to clean. In addition, the anti-reflective layer can reduce the reflection of sunlight on the panel, thereby increasing the amount of sunlight incident, increasing solar power generation and reducing building light pollution.

[0011] Additional aspects and advantages of this application will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0012] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of this application will become apparent and readily understood from the description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the following drawings, wherein:

[0013] Figure 1 is a perspective view of a photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of this application;

[0014] Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of a photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of this application;

[0015] Figure 3 is a structural schematic diagram of the photovoltaic module according to the embodiment of this application when the front side is facing up;

[0016] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the photovoltaic module according to the embodiment of this application with the back side facing up;

[0017] Figure 5 is a side view of a photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of this application;

[0018] Figure 6 is a partial schematic diagram of the solder strip according to an embodiment of this application.

[0019] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 100, photovoltaic module; 10, panel; 20, backsheet; 30, cell layer; 31, cell string; 32, cell; 33, solder ribbon; 34, first soldering section; 35, second soldering section; 36, laminated area; 40, first encapsulating film layer; 50, fluorine-containing film layer; 60, anti-reflective layer; 70, second encapsulating film layer; 80, third encapsulating film layer. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The embodiments of this application are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain this application, and should not be construed as limiting this application.

[0021] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," and "counterclockwise," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the stated features. In the description of this application, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0022] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a connection that allows communication between them; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication between two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0023] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature being directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature being directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0024] The following disclosure provides many different embodiments or examples for implementing different structures of this application. To simplify the disclosure, specific examples of components and arrangements are described below. Of course, these are merely examples and are not intended to limit the scope of this application. Furthermore, reference numerals and / or letters may be repeated in different examples; such repetition is for simplification and clarity and does not in itself indicate a relationship between the various embodiments and / or arrangements discussed. In addition, various specific examples of processes and materials are provided in this application, but those skilled in the art will recognize the application of other processes and / or the use of other materials.

[0025] Please refer to Figures 1 and 2. The photovoltaic module 100 of this application embodiment includes a panel 10, a backsheet 20, a cell layer 30, and a first encapsulating film layer 40. The backsheet 20 and the panel 10 are stacked together. The cell layer 30 is located between the panel 10 and the backsheet 20. The first encapsulating film layer 40 is located between the cell layer 30 and the panel 10. A fluorinated film layer 50 is provided on the side of the panel 10 away from the first encapsulating film layer 40. An anti-reflective layer 60 is provided on at least one side of the fluorinated film layer 50 along the thickness direction. The fluorinated film layer 50 is a light-transmitting layer.

[0026] The fluorinated film layer 50 has good hydrophobicity and is resistant to dirt and dust accumulation. By setting the fluorinated film layer 50 on the panel 10, it is more difficult for sewage, dust and other impurities to accumulate on the panel 10, thus making the panel 10 easier to clean. In addition, the anti-reflective layer 60 can reduce the reflection of sunlight on the panel 10, thereby increasing the amount of sunlight incident, increasing the power generation of solar energy and reducing building light pollution.

[0027] Specifically, a photovoltaic module 100 refers to a smallest indivisible photovoltaic cell assembly that is encapsulated and internally connected, capable of providing DC power output independently. It is a device that converts light energy into electrical energy. Many materials can produce the photovoltaic effect, such as monocrystalline silicon, polycrystalline silicon, amorphous silicon, gallium arsenide, and copper indium selenide. When light shines on the surface of the photovoltaic module 100, some photons are absorbed by the silicon material. The energy of the photons is transferred to silicon atoms, causing electrons to transition and become free electrons that accumulate on both sides of the PN junction, thus forming a potential difference. When an external circuit is connected, under the influence of this voltage, current will flow through the external circuit, generating a certain output power.

[0028] The solar cell layer 30 can receive light and convert solar energy into electrical energy. The front panel 10 is located on the front of the solar cell layer 30, and the back panel 20 is located on the back of the solar cell layer 30. The front of the solar cell layer 30 refers to the main light-receiving surface of the solar cell layer 30, and the back is the surface opposite to the front of the solar cell layer 30.

[0029] The panel 10 and backsheet 20 constitute the outermost layer of the photovoltaic module 100, serving to seal, insulate, and protect the cell layer 30, thereby improving the mechanical properties of the photovoltaic module 100. The panel 10 and backsheet 20 protect the cell layer 30 from damage caused by climate changes, such as high temperatures, low temperatures, rain, or hail. They also protect the cell layer 30 from damage during transportation due to collisions, effectively improving the photovoltaic module 100's ability to withstand harsh environments.

[0030] A fluorine-containing coating can be applied to the surface of panel 10 facing away from the first encapsulating film layer 40 to form a fluorine-containing film layer 50. The anti-reflective layer 60 can be formed on the surface of the fluorine-containing film layer 50 facing the panel 10, or the anti-reflective layer 60 can be formed on the surface of the fluorine-containing film layer 50 facing away from the panel 10, or the anti-reflective layer 60 can be formed on both surfaces of the fluorine-containing film layer 50 along the thickness direction.

[0031] The battery cell layer 30 and the panel 10 can be connected and fixed by the first encapsulating film layer 40, realizing the lamination and encapsulation of the battery cell layer 30 and the panel 10 to form a stable and reliable structure. In addition, the first encapsulating film layer 40 can act as a buffer between the panel 10 and the battery cell layer 30 to prevent breakage due to lamination. The first encapsulating film layer 40 can be made of one of EVA, POE, or EPE materials.

[0032] In some embodiments, the surface of the antireflective layer 60 is formed with a plurality of grooves.

[0033] Multiple grooves create a finely textured surface structure in the fluorinated film layer 50, thereby increasing the amount of sunlight incident, increasing solar power generation, reducing sunlight reflection, and reducing light pollution from buildings.

[0034] Specifically, multiple grooves can be formed on at least one surface of the fluorinated film layer 50 along its thickness direction using a frosting process. The grooves can be regular or irregular in shape, and multiple grooves can form a regular or irregular uneven structure. The shape, size, number, and arrangement of the grooves can be designed according to actual needs.

[0035] In some embodiments, the light transmittance of the fluorinated film layer 50 is greater than that of the panel 10.

[0036] In this way, sunlight can pass through the fluorinated film layer 50 and reach the panel 10, and the panel 10 can normally receive the light from the fluorinated film layer 50, reducing the impact on the power generation effect of the battery cell layer 30.

[0037] Specifically, panel 10 can be made of a light-transmitting material, such as glass or polycarbonate. When the light transmittance of panel 10 is 80%, the light transmittance of fluorinated film layer 50 can be 85%, 90%, 95%, etc.

[0038] In some embodiments, the fluorinated membrane layer 50 is made of one of ETFE, PVDF, PVF, or ECTFE.

[0039] This allows the fluorine-containing film layer 50 to resist wear and scratches during daily use, effectively extending the service life of the photovoltaic module 100.

[0040] Specifically, ETFE is the toughest fluoroplastic, with good heat resistance, chemical resistance, electrical insulation, radiation resistance, and mechanical properties.

[0041] PVDF is a highly non-reactive thermoplastic fluoropolymer that is soluble in strong polar solvents such as dimethylacetamide. It has excellent properties such as anti-aging, chemical resistance, weather resistance, and UV radiation resistance.

[0042] PVF is made from polyvinyl fluoride resin through a biaxial stretching process. It has excellent weather resistance, superb mechanical properties, and resistance to corrosion from a wide range of chemicals.

[0043] ECTFE is a thermoplastic resin with excellent chemical resistance, abrasion resistance, corrosion resistance, high temperature resistance, flame retardancy, and electrical insulation properties.

[0044] In some embodiments, the light transmittance of the back panel 20 is less than that of the panel 10.

[0045] In this way, the transmittance of sunlight from the back panel 20 to the panel 10 can be reduced, thereby improving the utilization rate of sunlight.

[0046] Specifically, the back panel 20 can be a dark-colored back panel 20, such as a black back panel 20. The back panel 20 can be entirely black, or only the side of the back panel 20 facing the battery cell layer 30 can be black. When the light transmittance of the panel 10 is 80%, the light transmittance of the back panel 20 can be 65%, 70%, 75%, etc.

[0047] In some embodiments, the thickness of the panel 10 is 0.18 mm to 0.3 mm; and / or, the thickness of the back panel 20 is 0.18 mm to 0.4 mm.

[0048] Thus, by limiting the thickness of the panel 10 and the back plate 20 to the above-mentioned range, the strength of the panel 10 and the back plate 20 can meet the requirements, and the strength of the panel 10 and the back plate 20 can meet the protection requirements for the battery cell layer 30.

[0049] Specifically, the thickness of panel 10 can be any point value between 0.18mm and 0.3mm, or a range between any two. For example, the thickness of panel 10 is 0.18mm, 0.2mm, 0.22mm, 0.24mm, 0.26mm, 0.28mm, or 0.3mm.

[0050] The thickness of the backplate 20 can be any point value or a range between 0.18mm and 0.4mm. For example, the thickness of the backplate 20 is 0.18mm, 0.2mm, 0.22mm, 0.24mm, 0.26mm, 0.28mm, 0.3mm, 0.32mm, 0.34mm, 0.36mm, 0.38mm, or 0.4mm.

[0051] The thickness of the front panel 10 and the back panel 20 can be the same or different. For example, the thickness of both the front panel 10 and the back panel 20 can be 0.24 mm, or the thickness of the front panel 10 can be 0.27 mm and the thickness of the back panel 20 can be 0.32 mm.

[0052] Referring to Figure 2, in some embodiments, the photovoltaic module 100 includes a second encapsulating film layer 70, which is located between the cell layer 30 and the backsheet 20.

[0053] Thus, the backsheet 20 and the cell layer 30 can be connected and fixed together by the second encapsulating film layer 70, achieving lamination encapsulation of the backsheet 20 and the cell layer 30 to form a stable and reliable structure. In addition, the second encapsulating film layer 70 can act as a buffer between the backsheet 20 and the cell layer 30, preventing cell breakage during lamination. The second encapsulating film layer 70 is made of one of EVA, POE, or EPE materials. The materials of the first encapsulating film layer 40 and the second encapsulating film layer 70 can be the same or different.

[0054] Referring to Figure 2, in some embodiments, the photovoltaic module 100 includes a third encapsulating film layer 80, which is located between the fluorinated film layer 50 and the panel 10.

[0055] Thus, the fluorinated film layer 50 and the panel 10 can be connected and fixed by the third encapsulating film layer 80, achieving lamination and encapsulation of the fluorinated film layer 50 and the panel 10, forming a stable and reliable structure. In addition, the third encapsulating film layer 80 can act as a buffer between the fluorinated film layer 50 and the panel 10, preventing breakage during lamination. The third encapsulating film layer 80 is made of one of EVA, POE, or EPE materials. The materials of the second encapsulating film layer 70 and the third encapsulating film layer 80 can be the same or different.

[0056] Please refer to Figures 3 and 4. In some embodiments, the cell layer 30 includes a plurality of cell strings 31 connected in series, each cell string 31 including a plurality of cell sheets 32, and all the cell sheets 32 in each cell string 31 are connected in series by solder ribbons 33.

[0057] In this way, connecting multiple solar cells 32 in series can improve the efficiency of the solar cell layer 30, thereby increasing the utilization rate of solar energy.

[0058] Specifically, the solar cell 32 is preferably one of the following: XBC, MWT, or shingled solar cells without metal grid lines, where both positive and negative metal electrodes are led out from the back side. A secondary preference is a solar cell 32 with grid lines on both the front and back sides, such as PERC, TOPCON, or HJT. This maintains the consistency of the appearance of the solar cell layer 30, preventing metal grid lines and metal electrodes from affecting the front appearance of the solar cell layer 30, thereby improving aesthetics.

[0059] Multiple solar cells 32 connected in series can be multiple complete solar cells 32 connected in series, multiple 1 / 2 solar cells 32 connected in series, multiple 1 / 3 solar cells 32 connected in series, or multiple 1 / 4 solar cells 32 connected in series.

[0060] In one embodiment, the cell layer 30 includes three cell strings 31 connected in series, each cell string 31 consisting of 12 half-cell cells 32 connected in series, and the power range of the cell layer 30 is between 100W and 110W.

[0061] In another embodiment, the battery cell layer 30 includes 6 battery strings 31, 3 battery strings 31 are connected in series to form a battery string 31 group, each battery string 31 consists of 12 half battery cells 32 connected in series, and 2 battery string 31 groups are connected in parallel. The power range of the battery cell layer 30 is between 200W and 210W.

[0062] The solder ribbon 33 is used to electrically connect multiple solar cells 32. The solder ribbon 33 can be made of conductive materials such as silver, tin, or alloys to improve its conductivity. The multiple solar cells 32 can be arranged in a flat or stacked manner.

[0063] Referring to Figures 5 and 6, in some embodiments, the solder strip 33 includes a plurality of first solder segments 34 and at least one second solder segment 35. The first solder segment 34 is connected to a corresponding battery cell 32. The second solder segment 35 connects two adjacent first solder segments 34 along a first direction D1. The second solder segment 35 is located between two adjacent battery cells 32 and spans the stacked region 36 of the two adjacent battery cells 32. The second solder segment 35 is flat.

[0064] Thus, the second welding segment 35 is located between two adjacent battery cells 32 and spans the stacked area 36 of the two adjacent battery cells 32. The second welding segment 35 is flat, which increases the contact area between the second welding segment 35 and the battery cell 32, reduces the pressure on the battery cell 32, and thus reduces defects such as cracks in the battery cell 32.

[0065] Specifically, the first welding segment 34 of the welding strip 33 can be welded to the battery cell 32, and the number of the second welding segments 35 is one less than the number of the first welding segments 34. For example, when there are two first welding segments 34, there is one second welding segment 35. The first welding segment 34 and the second welding segment 35 can be an integral structure.

[0066] The stacked region 36 of two adjacent battery cells 32 refers to the region where two adjacent battery cells 32 have overlapping areas. The second welding segment 35 spans the stacked region 36, meaning that the ends of the second welding segment 35 along the first direction D1 extend beyond the stacked region 36. The second welding segment 35 is flat, meaning that the width of the second welding segment 35 is greater than the height of the second welding segment 35.

[0067] It should be noted that the surface with the largest area of ​​the second welding section 35 faces or contacts the battery cell 32. The first direction D1 can be the direction in which all the battery cells 32 in each battery string 31 are arranged in series.

[0068] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with the described embodiment or example, which are included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0069] Although embodiments of this application have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of this application, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic module, characterized in that, include: panel; The back panel is stacked on top of the front panel. A battery cell layer, wherein the battery cell layer is located between the panel and the back panel; and A first encapsulating film layer is located between the battery cell layer and the panel. The panel has a fluorinated film layer on the side opposite to the first encapsulating film layer, and the fluorinated film layer has an anti-reflective layer on at least one side along the thickness direction. The fluorinated film layer is a light-transmitting layer.

2. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The antireflective layer is located on the side of the fluorinated film layer that faces away from the panel.

3. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The antireflective layer is located on the side of the fluorinated film layer facing the panel.

4. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The antireflective layer is located on the side of the fluorinated film layer away from the panel and on the side of the fluorinated film layer facing the panel.

5. The photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The surface of the antireflective layer has multiple grooves.

6. The photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The fluorinated film layer has multiple grooves formed on at least one surface along its thickness direction.

7. The photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The light transmittance of the fluorine-containing film layer is greater than that of the panel.

8. The photovoltaic module according to claim 7, characterized in that, The fluorinated membrane is made of one of ETFE, PVDF, PVF, or ECTFE.

9. The photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, The back panel has a lower light transmittance than the front panel.

10. The photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, The thickness of the panel is 0.18mm-0.3mm, and / or the thickness of the back panel is 0.18mm-0.4mm.

11. The photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that, The thickness of the panel is the same as the thickness of the back panel.

12. The photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that, The photovoltaic module includes a second encapsulating film layer, which is located between the cell layer and the backsheet.

13. The photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that, The photovoltaic module includes a third encapsulating film layer, which is located between the fluorinated film layer and the panel.

14. The photovoltaic module according to claim 13, characterized in that, The third encapsulating film layer is made of one of EVA, POE, or EPE.

15. The photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that, The battery cell layer includes multiple battery strings connected in series, each battery string includes multiple battery cells, and all the battery cells in each battery string are connected in series by solder ribbons.

16. The photovoltaic module according to claim 15, characterized in that, The battery cell is a single, whole battery cell.

17. The photovoltaic module according to claim 15, characterized in that, The battery cells are divided into two, three, or four sections.

18. The photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 15 to 17, characterized in that, The welding strip includes a plurality of first welding segments and at least one second welding segment. The first welding segment is connected to a corresponding one of the battery cells. The second welding segment connects two adjacent first welding segments along a first direction. The second welding segment is located between two adjacent battery cells and spans the stacked area of ​​the two adjacent battery cells. The second welding segment is flat.

19. The photovoltaic module according to claim 18, characterized in that, The first welding segment and the second welding segment are an integral structure.

20. A panel, characterized in that, The panel has a fluorinated film layer on one side, and an anti-reflective layer is provided on at least one side of the fluorinated film layer along the thickness direction. The fluorinated film layer is a light-transmitting layer.

Images