Waterborne high-gloss UV-curable coating composition
A waterborne UV-curable coating composition with non-ionic polyurethane acrylate and silicone resins addresses the environmental hazards of solvent-based coatings, offering high gloss and enhanced mechanical properties for electronic products.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- PPG COATINGS TIANJIN
- Filing Date
- 2025-10-30
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-07
AI Technical Summary
Existing high-gloss coatings for electronic products contain high levels of organic solvents, posing health and environmental risks, and there is a need for an environmentally friendly alternative that meets performance and appearance requirements.
A waterborne high-gloss UV-curable coating composition comprising a non-ionic polyurethane acrylate resin with varying functionalities and a silicone-containing resin, along with additional components like a UV photo initiator and leveling agent, to achieve low VOC content and excellent mechanical properties.
The coating composition provides high gloss, low VOC emissions, and superior hardness, flexibility, stain resistance, and heat-and-humidity resistance, while being safe for the environment and user safety.
Smart Images

Figure PCTCN2025131253-FTAPPB-I100001 
Figure PCTCN2025131253-FTAPPB-I100002 
Figure PCTCN2025131253-FTAPPB-I100003
Abstract
Description
WATERBORNE HIGH-GLOSS UV-CURABLE COATING COMPOSITIONTECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present invention relates to the field of coating, specially to a waterborne high-gloss UV-curable coating composition.BACKGROUND
[0002] Electronic products, such as, mobile phones, computers, headphones, and televisions, become more and more indispensable in daily work and life. For the purpose of aesthetics and durability, the product surfaces need to be decorated and protected by coatings. High-gloss coatings are widely used to coat electronic products to provide a luxurious product appearance. However, existing high-gloss coatings are generally solvent-based, which comprises a large amount of organic solvents, and is easy to cause great harm to human body and environment. Thus, it is desirable to develop an environmentally friendly high-gloss coating product, which meets both the performance and appearance requirements of electronic products.SUMMARY
[0003] The inventors have done a lot of research and developed a waterborne high-gloss UV-curable coating composition, which has low VOC content and excellent hardness, flexibility, stain resistance, wear resistance, heat-and-humidity resistance, etc., thereby meeting various performance and appearance requirements when applied on electronic product substrates.
[0004] The present invention provides a UV-curable coating composition comprising a non-ionic polyurethane acrylate resin and a silicone-containing resin, wherein the non-ionic polyurethane acrylate resin comprises a first polyurethane acrylate resin having a functionality of 4 or higher and a second polyurethane acrylate resin having a functionality of less than 4, the silicone-containing resin comprises a silicone-containing non-ionic polyurethane acrylate resin.
[0005] The present invention also provides a mixture comprising the UV-curable coating composition and an additional composition, wherein the additional composition comprises a macromolecular resin having a weight average molecular weight of 5,000 to 50,000, and a weight ratio of the UV-curable coating composition to the additional composition is 2: 1 to 5: 1.
[0006] The present invention further provides a coated substrate comprising a substrate and the UV-curing coating composition or the mixture applied on at least a part of the substrate.
[0007] The features and advantages of the present invention will be particularly presented in detail in the following description of the embodiments.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0008] FIG. 1 shows results of the stain resistance performance test of the UV-curing coating composition (1a) of the present invention and a comparative coating composition (1b) .DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0009] As used herein, unless expressly stated otherwise, it should be understood that the numbers used in the description and claim, such as, those representing values, ranges, contents, or percentages, can be varied in all substances by the “about” , even if this term is not clearly specified. Thus, unless indicated to the contrary, the numerical parameters listed in the description and claims herein are all approximations, and can be varied depending upon the properties to be obtained by the present invention.
[0010] Although the numerical ranges and parameters listing the broad scope of the present invention are approximations, the numerical values listed in the particular examples should be reported as precisely as possible. However, any numerical value inherently has a certain error. The error is an inevitable consequence of standard deviation found in its corresponding measurement method.
[0011] In addition, it should be understood that any numerical range described herein is intended to encompass all the sub-ranges subsumed therein. For example, a range of “1 to 10” is intended to include all the sub-ranges between (inclusive) the minimum value of 1 and the maximum value of 10, namely, it has a minimum value equal to or great than 1 and a maximum value equal to or less than 10.
[0012] In the present application, unless expressly stated otherwise, the use of a singular includes a plural and the use of a plural includes a singular. Moreover, in the present application, unless expressly stated otherwise, the use of “or” means “and / or” , even though “and / or” can be expressly used in some cases. In addition, in the present application, unless expressly stated otherwise, the use of “a” or “an” means “at least a / an” . For example, “a” polymer, “a” coating, or the like refers to one or more of any of these items. Also, as those skilled in the art will recognize, feature (s) of one embodiment can be used together with other embodiments, even if it is not explicitly stated.
[0013] As used herein, the “coating composition” refers to a class of substances, which can be applied onto a substrate surface and naturally or manually cured to form a coating film covering the substrate surface and playing protective and decorative roles. As used herein, the “UV-curable” means that a material can be cured to form a coating film under UV (i.e., ultraviolet light) radiation. As used herein, the term “cure / curing / cured” means that at least a portion of the components of the coating composition are polymerized and / or cross-linked, or dried to form a hardened coating film.
[0014] The UV-curable coating composition according to the present invention can form a high-gloss coating. Suitably, the UV-curable coating composition according to the present invention can form a coating having a gloss of at least 80 GU, e.g., a gloss of 85 GU or higher, such as, a gloss of 90 GU. The gloss may be measured at 60-degree by a commercially available gloss meter.
[0015] The UV-curable coating composition according to the present invention can be a waterborne composition. As used herein, the “waterborne” means that the solvent of the coating composition comprises at least 50 wt%of water, based on the total solvent weight of the coating composition.
[0016] The UV-curable coating composition according to the present invention can have a low VOC content. As used herein, the term “VOCs (volatile organic compounds) ” refer to any organic compounds having a boiling point at or below 250℃ (482°F) as measured under standard atmospheric pressure of 101.3kPa. Organic solvents are often the main source of VOCs. The VOC content (determined free of water) of the UV-curable coating composition according to the present invention can be at most about 100 g / L. The VOC value can be obtained by measuring the contents of various organic components in the composition using gas chromatography, and summing up the contents of various components.
[0017] The UV-curable coating composition according to the present invention can be a 1K composition. As used herein, the term “1K” (also referred to as “one-component” ) means that the components of the coating composition are all contained in one package, and thus have an advantage of convenient use.
[0018] As described above, the present invention involves a UV-curable coating composition comprising a non-ionic polyurethane acrylate resin and a silicone-containing resin, wherein the non-ionic polyurethane acrylate resin comprises a first polyurethane acrylate resin having a functionality of 4 or higher and a second polyurethane acrylate resin having a functionality of less than 4, the silicone-containing resin comprises a silicone-containing non-ionic polyurethane acrylate resin.
[0019] Herein, the polyurethane acrylate resin refers to a polymer comprising a polyurethane segment and an acrylate segment, wherein the polyurethane segment comprises repeating units containing a urethane group, and the acrylate segment comprises repeating units derived from (meth) acrylic monomers. Herein, the non-ionic polyurethane acrylate resin means that the hydrophilic groups in the resin polymer are mainly non-ionic.
[0020] Suitably, the non-ionic polyurethane acrylate resin suitable for use in the present invention can be in the form of waterborne emulsion. The waterborne emulsion means that a majority (at least 50 wt%) of solvent in the emulsion is water. The non-ionic polyurethane acrylate resin emulsion can have a solid content of 50-60 wt%. The “solid content” refers to a percentage of the mass remaining after evaporation of the solvent from the emulsion to the mass of the original emulsion. In the non-ionic polyurethane acrylate resin emulsion, the non-ionic polyurethane acrylate resin solid can have a volume average particle size of 250 μm or less. The particle size can be measured by a laser particle analyzer.
[0021] Suitably, the non-ionic polyurethane acrylate resin emulsion can have a pH of 7-9. Suitably, the non-ionic polyurethane acrylate resin emulsion can have a viscosity at room temperature of 100 to 2,000 mPa. s, as determined by a rheometer. The room temperature refers to 15-30℃, such as 23-25℃.
[0022] The non-ionic polyurethane acrylate resin suitable for use in the UV-curable coating composition of the present invention can comprise two polyurethane acrylate resins with different functionalities to adjust the crosslinking degree of the coating, facilitating to achieve the balance between flexibility and hardness of the coaitng. The non-ionic polyurethane acrylate resin can comprise the first polyurethane acrylate resin having a functionality of 4 or greater and the second polyurethane acrylate resin having a functionality of less than 4. Herein, the “functionality” refers to the average number of functional groups per molecule that can take part in a crosslinking reaction during UV curing, such as a double bond between carbons.
[0023] Suitably, the first polyurethane acrylate resin can have a functionality of 4 to 6. For example, the first polyurethane acrylate resin can have a functionality of 4, 5 or 6. Suitably, the second polyurethane acrylate resin can have a functionality of 2 to less than 4. For example, the second polyurethane acrylate resin can have a functionality of 2 or 3.
[0024] Suitably, the weight ratio of the first polyurethane acrylate resin to the second polyurethane acrylate resin can be 6: 4 to 9: 1. For example, the weight ratio of the first polyurethane acrylate resin to the second polyurethane acrylate resin can be 6: 4, 7: 3, 8: 2 or 9: 1. For example, the weight ratio of the first polyurethane acrylate resin to the second polyurethane acrylate resin can be 6: 4 or greater, or 7: 3 or greater, and / or 9: 1 or less, or 8: 2 or less, such as, 7:3 to 8: 2, or within any ranges with the above ratios as endpoints.
[0025] Based on the total weight of the UV-curable coating composition, the non-ionic polyurethane acrylate resin can have a content of 30 wt%or greater, 40 wt%or greater, or 45 wt%or greater, and / or 70 wt%or less, 60 wt%or less, or 55 wt%or less. Based on the total weight of the UV-curable coating composition, the non-ionic polyurethane acrylate resin can have a content of 30 to 70 wt%, 40 to 60 wt%, 45 to 55 wt%, or within any ranges with the above values as endpoints.
[0026] Herein, the silicone-containing resin refers to a polymer comprising a polysilicone segment. The polysilicone comprises Si-O-Si repeating units, and comprises Si-alkyl and / or Si-alkoxy groups. Herein, the silicone-containing non-ionic polyurethane acrylate resin refers to a polysilicone-containing non-ionic polyurethane acrylate resin. The silicone-containing non-ionic polyurethane acrylate resin is different from the first polyurethane acrylate resin and the second polyurethane acrylate resin.
[0027] Suitably, the silicone-containing resin can comprise a silicone content of 5-30 wt%based on the solid weight of the silicone-containing resin. Herein, the silicone content refers to a percentage of the polysilicone segment based on the solid weight of the silicone-containing resin. For example, the silicone-containing resin can comprise a silicone content of 5 wt%, 10 wt%, 15 wt%, 20 wt%, 25 wt%, or 30 wt%, based on the solid weight of the silicone-containing resin. For example, the silicone-containing resin can comprise a silicone content of 5 wt%or greater, 10 wt%or greater, or 15 wt%or greater, and / or 30 wt%or less, 25 wt%or less, or 20 wt%or less, such as, 10 to 25 wt%, or within any range with the above values as endpoints, based on the solid weight of the silicone-containing resin.
[0028] Suitably, the silicone-containing non-ionic polyurethane acrylate resin can have a functionality of 4 to 6. For example, the silicone-containing non-ionic polyurethane acrylate resin can have a functionality of 4, 5 or 6.
[0029] The silicone-containing resin can be in the form of emulsion, which can have a solid content of 45-60 wt%. Herein, the “solid content” refers to a percentage of the mass after evaporation of the solvent from the emulsion, based on the total mass of the emulsion.
[0030] Based on the total weight of the UV-curable coating composition, the silicone-containing resin can have a content of 2 wt%or greater, 3 wt%or greater, or 3.5 wt%or greater, and / or 10 wt%or less, 8 wt%or less, or 6 wt%or less. Based on the total weight of the UV-curable coating composition, the silicone-containing resin can have a content of 2 to 10 wt%, 3 to 8 wt%, 3.5 to 6 wt%, or within any ranges with the above values as endpoints.
[0031] In the UV-curable coating composition according to the present invention, the non-ionic polyurethane acrylate resin (e.g., the first polyurethane acrylate resin, and the second polyurethane acrylate resin) and the silicone-containing resin can constitute 80 wt%or greater, such as, 85 wt%or greater, 90 wt%or greater, 95 wt%or greater, or even 100 wt%, based on the solid weight of the film-forming substance of the coating composition. Herein, the “film-forming substance” refers to component (s) in the coating composition for use to form a cured coating film, such as, a resin.
[0032] The UV-curable coating composition according to the present invention can further comprise a UV photo initiator. The UV photo initiator refers to a compound that can absorb light energy at a wavelength in a UV region (250-420 nm) to produce free radicals, cations, or anions, thereby initiating polymerization, crosslinking, and curing. Suitably, the UV photo initiator comprises a free radical type photo initiator, namely, it initiates polymerization, crosslinking and curing by the production of free radicals. The photo initiator can comprise one or more of the following: photo initiator 1173 (2-hydroxyl-2-methyl-1-phenyl-acetone) , photo initiator 184 (1-hydroxylcyclohexylphenone) , and photo initiator TPO (2, 4, 6-trimethylbenzoyldiphenylphosphine oxide) . Based on particular considerations such as surface curing, adhesion, and yellowing, the above photo initiators can used in combination. For example, the photo initiator can comprise a photo initiator 1173 and a photo initiator 184. Alternatively, the photo initiator can comprise a photo initiator 184 and a photo initiator TPO. Alternatively, the photo initiator can comprise a photo initiator 1173, a photo initiator 184 and a photo initiator TPO.
[0033] Based on the total weight of the UV-curable coating composition, the photo initiator can have a content of 1 wt%or greater, or 2 wt%or greater, and / or 5 wt%or less, or 4 wt%or less. Based on the total weight of the UV-curable coating composition, the photo initiator can have a content of 1 to 5 wt%, 2 to 4 wt%, or within any ranges with the above values as endpoints.
[0034] In the UV-curable coating composition according to the present invention, the amount of the photo initiator meets the requirement for double bond conversion during the curing process, and avoids problems such as appearance issues caused by excessive curing shrinkage.
[0035] The UV-curable coating composition according to the present invention can further comprise a leveling agent. The leveling agent can adjust the surface tension and smoothness of the coating. Suitably, the leveling agent can comprise silicone-type leveling agents, such as, polyether-modified silicone-type leveling agents, polyester-modified silicone-type leveling agents, aromatic-modified silicone-type leveling agents, alkyl-modified silicone-type leveling agents, etc. To improve the resin compatibility, the leveling agent can comprise a polyether-modified silicone-type leveling agent.
[0036] Based on the total weight of the UV-curable coating composition, the leveling agent can have a content of 0.1 wt%or greater, or 0.2 wt%or greater, and / or 1 wt%or less, or 0.5 wt%or less. Based on the total weight of the UV-curable coating composition, the leveling agent can have a content of 0.1 to 1 wt%, 0.2 to 0.5 wt%, or within any ranges with the above values as endpoints.
[0037] In the UV-curable coating composition according to the present invention, the leveling agent can be appropriately compatible with the resin, and does not adversely affect the stability, adhesion, and appearance of the coating, etc.
[0038] The UV-curable coating composition according to the present invention can further comprise a co-solvent. The co-solvent can help to dissolve the photo initiator and adjust the processing window, and co-solvents with different volatilization rates used in combination can adjust and improve the appearance of the coating. Suitably, the co-solvent can comprise a first co-solvent and a second co-solvent, wherein the first co-solvent can comprise ethanol and / or isopropanol, and the second co-solvent can comprise ethylene glycol butyl ether, ethylene glycol ether, propylene glycol monomethyl ether, and / or dipropylene glycol methyl ether. Suitably, the weight ratio of the first co-solvent to the second co-solvent can be 0.8: 1 to 1.2: 1, such as, 0.9: 1 to 1.1: 1, such as, 1: 1.
[0039] Based on the total weight of the UV-curable coating composition, the co-solvent can have a content of 1 wt%or greater, or 2 wt%or greater, and / or 10 wt%or less, or 8 wt%or less. Based on the total weight of the UV-curable coating composition, the co-solvent can have a content of 1 to 10 wt%, 2 to 8 wt%, or within any ranges with the above values as endpoints.
[0040] The UV-curable coating composition according to the present invention can further comprise a thickener. The thickener is used to adjust the thixotropy of the coating, and can obviously affect the leveling, sagging, refractive index, and gloss of the high-gloss coating, and so on. Suitably, the thickener can comprise a polyurethane associative thickener, and / or a cellulose thickener. Suitably, the thickener can comprise a polyurethane associated thickener, which helps to afford a high-gloss coating layer, provides good leveling in UV-curable coating composition of the present invention, is not easy to sag, and does adversely affect the water resistance.
[0041] Based on the total weight of the UV-curable coating composition, the thickener can have a content of 0.1 wt%or greater, or 0.2 wt%or greater, and / or 1 wt%or less, or 0.5 wt%or less. Based on the total weight of the UV-curable coating composition, the thickener can have a content of 0.1 to 1 wt%, 0.2 to 0.5 wt%, or within any ranges with the above values as endpoints.
[0042] The UV-curable coating composition according to the present invention can further comprise water. Based on the total weight of the UV-curable coating composition, the water can have a content of 5 to 55 wt%.
[0043] The UV-curable waterborne coating composition of the present invention can further comprise other optional components which would not negatively affect the coating composition or a coating formed therefrom. Such optional components comprise, but are not limited to: foam inhibitors and defoamers for inhibiting the formation of bubbles and allowing the generated bubbles to escape or break in the production process; anti-pitting agents for increasing the surface tension of the coating and eliminating the pinholes; perfumes for providing the coating with pleasing odors; preservatives for protecting the coating from mildewing; pH adjusters for controlling pH and stabilizing the coating; waxes for increasing the scratch resistance property and improving the touch sense; and so on. Each optional component is preferably comprised in an amount which is sufficient to achieve the desired purpose, but would not negatively affects the coating composition or a coating formed therefrom.
[0044] In the UV-curable coating composition according to the present invention, a coating with high gloss and excellent mechanical properties and appearance can be realized by the selection and combination of specific components and the balance of the amounts of various components. Suitably, the UV-curable coating composition according to the present invention can comprise: a non-ionic polyurethane acrylate resin, a silicone-containing resin, a free radical type initiator, polyether modified silicone type leveling agent, a co-solvent, and a polyurethane associated thickener, wherein the free radical type initiator can comprise a photo initiator 184 and a photo initiator TPO, and the co-solvent can comprise isopropanol and propylene glycol monomethyl ether.
[0045] Suitably, the UV-curable coating composition according to the present invention can have a viscosity of 70 to 90KU. The viscosity can be measured by a KU viscometer at room temperature and pH of 7.5. The room temperature refers to 15-30℃, such as 23-25℃.
[0046] The present invention also relates to a mixture comprising the UV-curable coating composition and an additional composition, wherein the additional composition comprises a macromolecular resin having a weight average molecular weight of 5,000 to 50,000, and the weight ratio of the UV-curable coating composition to the additional composition is 2: 1 to 5: 1. The macromolecular resin is different from the non-ionic polyurethane acrylate resin and / or the silicone-containing resin. The combination of the UV-curable coating composition with the additional composition can afford a mixture suitable for substrates with various shapes, and / or application conditions, etc.
[0047] Herein, the weight average molecular weight (Mw) of the macromolecular resin can be measured in g / mol by gel permeation chromatography using a suitable standard, e.g., polystyrene standard. Suitably, the macromolecular resin can comprise one resin or more resins with different weight average molecular weights. For example, the macromolecular resin can comprise: a resin with a weight average molecular weight of 8,000 to 15,000, and / or a resin with a weight average molecular weight of 20,000 to 40,000.
[0048] For example, the weight ratio of the UV-curable coating composition to the additional composition can be 2: 1 or greater, or 3: 1 or greater, and / or 5: 1 or less, or 4: 1 or less, such as, 3: 1 to 4: 1, or within any ranges with the above ratios as endpoints.
[0049] The additional composition can further comprise an acrylate monomer. Suitably, the acrylate monomer can have a content of 0-5wt%, based on the total weight of the UV-curable coating composition.
[0050] Suitably, the viscosity of the mixture can be 15-20 seconds (as measured by a Zahn 3#viscosity cup) . The viscosity can be measured under the following conditions: The material is dispersed in a disperser at 700-1,000 rpm for 15-30 min to achieve a fully dispersion, diluted and thinned at room temperature (wherein the mass ratio of the mixture to water is 100 : 0-20) , and then measured. The room temperature refers to 15-30℃, such as 23-25℃.
[0051] The present invention further provides a coated substrate comprising a substrate and the UV-curing coating composition applied on at least a part of the substrate. Suitably, the substrate can comprise plastics. Suitably, the substrate can comprise a part of electronic products. Suitably, the electronic products can comprise mobile phones, computers, televisions, earphones, mouses, or the like.
[0052] Suitably, the substrate can have undergone or have not undergone the following treatments: surfactant treatment, chemical treatment, flame treatment, UV treatment and / or plasma treatment. Suitably, the substrate can have been precoated or have not been precoated with other coating (s) .
[0053] The UV-curable coating composition according to the present invention can be applied by any known standard method in the art, e.g., spraying, dipping, roller coating, brush coating, or the like. Then, the UV-curable coating composition according to the present invention can be cured under the conditions of UV radiation.
[0054] After curing, the coating layer formed from the UV-curable coating composition according to the present invention can have a dry film thickness of 15-40 μm.
[0055] After curing, the coating layer formed from the UV-curable coating composition according to the present invention can have a gloss at 60-degree of greater than 90 GU.
[0056] The present invention further provides a coated substrate comprising a substrate and the mixture applied on at least a part of the substrate. Suitably, the substrate can comprise plastics. Suitably, the substrate can comprise a part of electronic products. Suitably, the electronic products can comprise mobile phones, computers, televisions, earphones, mouses, or the like.
[0057] Suitably, the substrate can have undergone or have not undergone the following treatments: surfactant treatment, chemical treatment, flame treatment, UV treatment and / or plasma treatment. Suitably, the substrate can have been precoated or have not been precoated with other coating (s) .
[0058] The mixture according to the present invention can be applied by any known standard method in the art, e.g., spraying, dipping, roller coating, brush coating, or the like. Then, the mixture according to the present invention can be cured under the conditions of UV radiation.
[0059] After curing, the coating layer formed from the mixture according to the present invention can have a dry film thickness of 15-40 μm.
[0060] After curing, the coating layer formed from the mixture according to the present invention can have a gloss at 60-degree of greater than 90 GU. EXAMPLES
[0061] The following examples are provided to further illustrate the invention, but it should not be construed as limiting the invention to the details described in the examples. All parts and percentages in the following examples are by weight, unless otherwise stated. EXAMPLES 1-5 (Ex1-5) The UV-curable coating compositions according to the present invention were prepared in accordance with the components and amounts as listed in Table 1 below, and the specific steps comprises: (1) sequentially adding the first polyurethane acrylate resin, the second polyurethane acrylate resin, the silicone-containing resin and optionally the macromolecular resin into a reactor A under stirring; (2) adding the photo initiator a, the photo initiator b, and the co-solvent into a reactor B, and stirring for dissolution; (3) adding the mixture obtained in step (2) into the reactor A under stirring; (4) adding the leveling agent and a portion of the thickener into the reactor A under stirring, and (5) adding DI water and a portion of thickener into the reactor A, to obtain a composition with a viscosity of 15-20 seconds (as measured by Zahn 3#viscosity cup at room temperature) . Table 1. The UV-curable coating compositions according to the present invention 1 Waterborne emulsion with a solid content of 50-60 wt%, the resin solid has a functionality of 4 and a weight average molecular weight of 500-3,000 g / mol;2 Waterborne emulsion with a solid content of 50-60 wt%, the resin solid has a functionality of 2-3 and a weight average molecular weight of 500-3,000 g / mol;3 Waterborne emulsion with a solid content of 45-60 wt%, the resin solid has a functionality of 4 and a weight average molecular weight of 500-3,000 g / mol; and4 Polyurethane resin emulsion with a solid content of 40-50 wt%, the resin solid has a functionality of 8-9 and a weight average molecular weight of 20,000 to 40,000 g / mol. COMPARATIVE EXAMPLE 1 (CE1)
[0062] The UV-curable coating composition of the comparative example was prepared in accordance with the components and amounts as listed in Table 2 below, and the specific steps comprises: (1) sequentially adding the first polyurethane acrylate resin, the second polyurethane acrylate resin, and the silicone-containing compoundinto a reactor A under stirring; (2) adding the photo initiator a, the photo initiator b, and the co-solvent into a reactor B, and stirring for dissolution; (3) adding the mixture obtained in step (2) into the reactor A under stirring; (4) adding the leveling agent and a portion of the thickener into the reactor A under stirring, and (5) adding DI water and a portion of thickener into the reactor A, to obtain a composition with a viscosity of 15-20 seconds (as measured by Zahn 3#viscosity cup at room temperature) . Table 2. UV-curable coating composition of Comparative Example 1 1 Waterborne emulsion with a solid content of 50-60 wt%, the resin solid has a functionality of 4 and a weight average molecular weight of 500-3,000 g / mol; and2 Waterborne emulsion with a solid content of 50-60 wt%, the resin solid has a functionality of 2-3 and a weight average molecular weight of 500-3,000 g / mol. COMPARATIVE EXAMPLE 2 (CE2)
[0063] The UV-curable coating composition of the comparative example was prepared in accordance with the components and amounts as listed in Table 3 below, and the specific steps comprises: (1) sequentially adding the first polyurethane acrylate resin, the second polyurethane acrylate resin, and the silicone-containing resin into a reactor A under stirring; (2) adding the photo initiator a, the photo initiator b, and the co-solvent into a reactor B, and stirring for dissolution; (3) adding the mixture obtained in step (2) into the reactor A under stirring; (4) adding the leveling agent and a portion of the thickener into the reactor A under stirring, and (5) adding DI water and a portion of thickener into the reactor A, to obtain a composition with a viscosity of 15-20 seconds (as measured by Zahn 3#viscosity cup at room temperature) . Table 3. UV-curable coating composition of Comparative Example 1 Waterborne emulsion with a solid content of 50-60 wt%, the resin solid has a functionality of 4 and a weight average molecular weight of 500-3,000 g / mol;2 waterborne emulsion with a solid content of 50-60 wt%, the resin solid has a functionality of 2-3 and a weight average molecular weight of 500-3,000 g / mol; and3 waterborne emulsion with a solid content of 45-60 wt%, the resin solid has a functionality of 4 and a weight average molecular weight of 500-3,000 g / mol. Comparative Example 3 (CE3)
[0064] The UV-curable coating composition of the comparative example was prepared in accordance with the components and amounts as listed in Table 4 below, and the specific steps comprises: (1) sequentially adding the first polyurethane acrylate resin, the second polyurethane acrylate resin, and the silicone-containing resin into areactor A under stirring; (2) adding the photo initiator a, the photo initiator b, and the co-solvent into a reactor B, and stirring for dissolution; (3) adding the mixture obtained in step (2) into the reactor A under stirring; (4) adding the leveling agent and a portion of the thickener into the reactor A under stirring, and (5) adding DI water and a portion of thickener into the reactor A, to obtain a composition with a viscosity of 15-20 seconds (as measured by Zahn 3#viscosity cup at room temperature) . Table 4. UV-curable coating composition of Comparative Example 1 Waterborne emulsion with a solid content of 50-60 wt%, the resin solid has a functionality of 4 and a weight average molecular weight of 500-3,000 g / mol;2 waterborne emulsion with a solid content of 50-60 wt%, the resin solid has a functionality of 2-3 and a weight average molecular weight of 500-3,000 g / mol; and3 waterborne emulsion with a solid content of 45-60 wt%, the resin solid has a functionality of 4 and a weight average molecular weight of 500-3,000 g / mol.PERFORMANCE TESTS
[0065] The coating compositions of Examples 1-5 and Comparative Examples 1-3 were applied onto a substrate by means of spraying each of the coating compositions with a commercially available spray gun onto a substrate. In particular, the coating composition was evenly sprayed on a PC substrate with an air pressure of 2-3 kg at a temperature of 20-25℃ and a humidity of 40%-60%RH, which was then left to stand for 1-3 minutes, placed into an oven for pre-baking (at 60-70℃ for 10-15 minutes) , and then subjected to UV irradiation (with an energy of 600-1000 mJ / cm2 and an intensity of 80-150 mW / cm) . The dry film thickness on the substrate was controlled to 20-30 μm. The cured coatings were subject to the following performance tests.Gloss
[0066] Test Standard: ASTM D523-14 (2018)
[0067] Instrument: BYK MODEL4520 Gloss Meter
[0068] The cured coating layer was tested for its gloss at 60-degree.Hardness
[0069] Test Standard: ASTM D3363-22
[0070] Instrument: GAROCO HA3303 pencil thickness meterFlexibility
[0071] Instrument: Auto Bending automatic bending instrument
[0072] The coating was tested for the angle at which the coating layer first cracked.Water Contact Angle
[0073] Test Standard: ASTM D7490-2013Wear Resistance
[0074] Test instrument: Taber 5750 linear friction tester
[0075] If the maximum wear resistance is <15 μm after 200 cycles of CS-17 / 1 kg / 5cm friction (i.e. CS-17 rubber head, 1 kg load, 5 cm test distance, 200 cycles of friction) , then it is considered to pass the wear resistance test.Adhesion
[0076] Test Standard: ASTM D3359-02Heat and Humidity Resistance
[0077] The coating layer was left to stand at 65℃ and 90%RH for 500 hours, and then tested for its adhesion and color difference. The test standard and instrument for the adhesion are the same as above. The color difference was measured by a commercially available color tester X-RITE C17800.Stain Resistance
[0078] Test method: The test sample was marked with Sharpie pen, and left to stand for 24 hours. The surface was wiped with dry cloth, cloth dipped in DI water or isopropanol, and visually observed for the marks. If the marks on the coating surface can be fully wiped clean, then it is considered to pass the stain resistance test.
[0079] The results of the stain resistance test for Example 1 (FIG. 1a) and Comparative Example 1 (FIG. 1b) are shown in FIG. 1.Roughness Ra
[0080] Instrument: Automatic roughness tester
[0081] The probe was horizontally placed on the coating of a planar workpiece, and a distance of 1-2 cm was tested with the probe to calculate the average Ra.UV-Aging Resistance
[0082] Instrument: Ci3000+ Xenon Lamp Weather Aging Test Box
[0083] IF the color difference is not greater than 0.5 before and after tested at 1.2W / m2 / nm for 300hrs, then it is considered to pass the UV aging resistance test.
[0084] The above test results are summarized in Table 5 and Table 6 below. Table 5. Test Results of Examples 1-4 Table 6. Test Results of Comparative Examples 1-3
[0085] It can be seen from the above tables that the UV-curable coating compositions according to the present invention have excellent stain resistance, while meeting other mechanical property requirements. In addition, Example 5 further comprises a macromolecular resin on the basis of Example 1, and the resulting coating layer showed even better appearance, e.g., the fat edge phenomenon was further improved. In the contrast, Comparative Example 1 comprises a silicone-containing compound, and its stain resistance cannot meet the practical requirement; Comparative Example 2 utilizes an alkaline-swellable thickener, exhibiting low gloss and slightly poor roughness; and Comparative Example 3 utilizes different photo initiators in combination, and the resulting coating layer has poor UV-aging resistance.
[0086] Although specific aspects of the invention have been illustrated and described, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various other variations and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. It is therefore intended that the appended claims encompass all such variations and modifications falling within the scope of the invention.
Claims
1.A waterborne UV-curable coating composition comprising a non-ionic polyurethane acrylate resin and a silicone-containing resin, wherein the non-ionic polyurethane acrylate resin comprises a first polyurethane acrylate resin having a functionality of 4 or higher and a second polyurethane acrylate resin having a functionality of less than 4, the silicone-containing resin comprises a silicone-containing non-ionic polyurethane acrylate resin.2.The coating composition of claim 1, wherein the first polyurethane resin has a functionality of 4 to 6.3.The coating composition of claim 1 or 2, wherein the second polyurethane acrylate resin has a functionality of 2 to less than 4.4.The coating composition of any one of claims 1-3, wherein a weight ratio of the first polyurethane acrylate resin to the second polyurethane acrylate resin is 6: 4 to 9: 1.5.The coating composition of any one of claims 1-4, wherein the non-ionic polyurethane acrylate resin is in the form of emulsion, comprising a non-ionic polyurethane acrylate resin solid with a volume average particle size of 250 μm or less.6.The coating composition of any one of claims 1-5, wherein the silicone-containing resin has a silicone content of 5 to 30 wt%based on the total solid weight of the silicone-containing resin.7.The coating composition of any one of claims 1-6, wherein the silicone-containing resin has a functionality of 4 to 6.8.The coating composition of any one of claims 1-7, further comprising a free radical type photo initiator.9.The coating composition of claim 8, wherein the free radical type photo initiator comprises: photo initiator 1173, photo initiator 184, photo initiator TPO, and any mixtures thereof.10.The coating composition of any one of claims 1-9, further comprising a polyether modified silicone type leveling agent.11.The coating composition of any one of claims 1-10, further comprising a co-solvent, wherein the co-solvent comprises a first co-solvent and a second co-solvent, the first co-solvent comprises ethanol, and / or isopropanol, and the second co-solvent comprises ethylene glycol butyl ether, ethylene glycol ether, propylene glycol monomethyl ether, and / or dipropylene glycol methyl ether.12.The coating composition of any one of claims 1-11, further comprising a polyurethane associated thickener.13.The coating composition of any one of claims 1-12, comprising: a non-ionic polyurethane acrylate resin, a silicone-containing resin, a free radical type initiator, a polyether modified silicone type leveling agent, a co-solvent, and a polyurethane associated thickener, wherein the free radical type initiator comprises photo initiator 184 and photo initiator TPO, and the co-solvent comprises isopropanol and propylene glycol monomethyl ether.14.The coating composition of any one of claims 1-13, having a VOC content of 100 g / L or less.15.A mixture comprising the coating composition of any one of claims 1-14 and an additional composition, wherein the additional composition comprises a macromolecular resin having a weight average molecular weight of 5, 000 to 50, 000, and a weight ratio of the UV-curable coating composition to the additional composition is 2: 1 to 5: 1.16.A coated substrate comprising a substrate and the coating composition of any one of claims 1-14 or the mixture of claim 15 applied on at least part of the substrate.17.The coated substrate of claim 16, wherein the substrate comprises plastics.18.The coated substrate of claim 16 or 17, wherein the substrate comprises a part of an electronic product.19.The coated substrate of any one of claims 16-18, wherein the cured coating formed by the UV-curable coating composition or the mixture has a gloss at 60-degree of 90 GU or more.20.The coated substrate of any one of claims 16-19, wherein the cured coating formed by the UV-curable coating composition or the mixture has a dry film thickness of 15 to 40 μm.
Citation Information
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