Battery pack and vehicle including same

Abstract

A battery pack according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may comprise: a plurality of battery cells; a pack case accommodating the plurality of battery cells; and a cooling channel provided inside the pack case and including a cooling medium filled therein; water injection holes configured to discharge the cooling medium from the cooling channel toward the battery cells; and protrusions configured to protrude from the inner surface of the cooling plate toward the battery cells to form the water injection holes.

Description

Battery pack and automobile including the same

[0001] The present invention relates to a battery pack and an automobile including the same.

[0002] This application is a priority application for Korean Patent Application No. 10-2024-0153822 filed on November 1, 2024, and all contents disclosed in the specification and drawings of said application are incorporated into this application by reference.

[0003] This application is a priority application for Korean Patent Application No. 10-2025-0018231 filed on February 12, 2025, and all contents disclosed in the specification and drawings of said application are incorporated into this application by reference.

[0004] Secondary batteries, which possess electrical characteristics such as high energy density and high applicability across product groups, are widely applied not only to portable devices but also to electric vehicles (EVs) or hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) powered by electric sources. These secondary batteries are attracting attention as a new energy source for enhancing eco-friendliness and energy efficiency, not only for the primary advantage of drastically reducing the use of fossil fuels but also because they generate no by-products from energy use.

[0005] Currently, widely used types of rechargeable batteries include lithium-ion batteries, lithium-polymer batteries, nickel-cadmium batteries, nickel-hydrogen batteries, and nickel-zinc batteries. When high output voltage is required, multiple battery cells are connected in series to form a battery module or battery pack. Additionally, to increase charge / discharge capacity, multiple battery cells are connected in parallel to form a battery module or battery pack.

[0006] When configuring a battery pack by connecting multiple battery cells in series or parallel, it is common practice to first construct a battery module containing at least one battery cell, and then use this at least one battery module to add other components to form a battery pack or battery rack. Alternatively, recently, battery packs in the form of a "Cell-to-Pack," in which multiple battery cells are directly housed in a pack housing without modularization, are also being manufactured.

[0007] However, when multiple battery modules are contained within a battery pack in this manner, it can be vulnerable to thermal chain reactions between the modules. For example, if an event such as thermal runaway occurs within a single battery module, this runaway can propagate to other battery modules. If the propagation of thermal runaway between battery modules is not properly suppressed, an event originating in a specific module can trigger a chain reaction across multiple modules, potentially causing serious problems such as explosions or fires.

[0008] However, when multiple battery modules are contained within a battery pack in this manner, it can be vulnerable to thermal chain reactions between the modules. For example, if an event such as thermal runaway occurs within a single battery module, this runaway can propagate to other battery modules. If the propagation of thermal runaway between battery modules is not properly suppressed, an event originating in a specific module can trigger a chain reaction across multiple modules, potentially causing serious problems such as explosions or fires.

[0009] Therefore, in the event that an event such as thermal runaway occurs in a battery pack, there is a need to develop a structure capable of rapidly cooling the battery cells and / or battery modules in the event of thermal runaway in the battery module.

[0010] Therefore, the problem that the present invention aims to solve is to provide a battery pack capable of rapidly cooling a battery cell and / or a battery module when thermal runaway occurs in the battery module.

[0011] However, the problems that the present invention aims to solve are not limited to those described above, and other unmentioned problems will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the description of the invention below.

[0012] To solve the above problem, the present invention provides a battery pack characterized by comprising: a plurality of battery cells; a pack case accommodating the plurality of battery cells; a cooling channel provided on the inner side of the pack case and filled with a cooling medium therein; a water supply hole configured to discharge the cooling medium from the cooling channel toward the battery cells; and a cooling plate having a protrusion configured to protrude toward the battery cells from the inner surface of the cooling plate to form the water supply hole.

[0013] The above protrusion may be configured to contact the battery cell.

[0014] The above protrusion may be configured so that the cross-sectional area of ​​the water injection hole gradually decreases toward the battery cell side.

[0015] A battery pack according to one embodiment of the present invention may further include a cover member configured to be coupled to the protrusion and to cover the water supply hole.

[0016] The above cover member may be configured to open the water supply hole when a thermal event occurs in the battery cell.

[0017] The above cover member may have a sealing portion configured to wrap around the end of the protrusion, and a cover portion coupled to the sealing portion and configured to cover the water supply hole.

[0018] A battery pack according to one embodiment of the present invention further includes a heat transfer material interposed between the plurality of battery cells and the cooling plate, and the length of the protrusion may be configured to correspond to the thickness of the heat transfer material.

[0019] The above protrusion may be configured to prevent the heat transfer material from heading toward the water injection hole.

[0020] A battery pack according to one embodiment of the present invention may further include a housing configured to accommodate a plurality of battery cells grouped together.

[0021] The above housing may be configured so that the top surface is open.

[0022] The above housing may be provided with a cooling hole on one side configured to communicate with the water supply hole.

[0023] The above protrusion may be interposed on the inner side of the cooling hole.

[0024] The above housing may be provided with a venting hole configured to discharge venting gas generated from the battery cell to the outside.

[0025] And, the present invention provides an automobile characterized by including a battery pack according to the present invention.

[0026] According to one aspect of the present invention, when a thermal event such as thermal runaway occurs in a battery pack, a cooling medium is directly introduced to the battery cells, thereby effectively preventing or delaying the propagation of thermal runaway between battery cells. This ensures the safety and reliability of the battery pack.

[0027] In addition, according to the above aspect of the present invention, the cooling medium directly cools the battery cell, thereby ensuring efficient cooling performance of the battery pack.

[0028] In addition, according to another aspect of the present invention, since a protrusion is provided on the cooling plate, the cooling medium inside the cooling plate can come into direct contact with the battery cell in a portion of the battery cell that is not in contact with a heat transfer material such as thermal resin, thereby improving the heat transfer performance of the battery cell.

[0029] Furthermore, according to another aspect of the present invention, since a protrusion is provided on the cooling plate, the inflow of a heat transfer material into the water supply hole can be prevented. Accordingly, since a separate component to prevent overflow of the heat transfer material is unnecessary, material costs can be reduced.

[0030] In addition, according to another aspect of the present invention, a cooling medium introduced into the battery cell can be properly discharged to prevent a short circuit from occurring in a normal battery cell and / or battery module.

[0031] Furthermore, according to another aspect of the present invention, since venting gas generated in a battery cell can be rapidly discharged to the outside of the battery pack, safe venting performance of the battery pack can be ensured.

[0032] In addition, according to another aspect of the present invention, the movement of fluids such as venting gas toward adjacent battery cells and / or battery modules during venting can be minimized.

[0033] In addition, according to another aspect of the present invention, events such as fire or explosion caused by thermal runaway phenomena in a battery pack including a plurality of battery modules or a device equipped with them can be prevented or delayed.

[0034] In addition to the above, the present invention may have various other effects, which are described in each embodiment, or effects that can be easily inferred by those skilled in the art, etc., will be omitted.

[0035] The following drawings attached to this specification illustrate preferred embodiments of the present invention and serve to further enhance understanding of the technical concept of the present invention together with the detailed description of the invention provided below; therefore, the present invention should not be interpreted as being limited only to the matters described in such drawings.

[0036] FIG. 1 is an overall perspective view of a battery pack according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of a battery pack according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a battery pack according to one embodiment of the present invention. For example, FIG. 3 may be a drawing showing the cross-section I-I' of FIG. 1.

[0039] FIG. 4 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a battery pack according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a battery pack according to one embodiment of the present invention when a thermal event occurs.

[0041] FIG. 6 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a battery pack according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0042] FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a battery pack according to one embodiment of the present invention. For example, FIG. 5 may be a drawing showing the cross-section II-II' of FIG. 1.

[0043] FIG. 8 is a perspective view of a battery module included in a battery pack according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0044] FIG. 9 is a perspective view of a battery module included in a battery pack according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0045] FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of a battery pack according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0046] FIG. 11 is a bottom perspective view of a battery module included in a battery pack according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0047] FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view of a case where a thermal event occurs in a battery pack according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0048] FIG. 13 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a battery pack according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0049] FIG. 14 is an internal perspective view of a pack case included in a battery pack according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0050] FIG. 15 is a schematic perspective view of a vehicle including a battery pack according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0051] Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the attached drawings. Prior to this, terms and words used in this specification and claims should not be interpreted as being limited to their ordinary or dictionary meanings, but should be interpreted in a meaning and concept consistent with the technical spirit of the present invention, based on the principle that the inventor can appropriately define the concept of the terms to best describe his invention.

[0052] Therefore, the embodiments described in this specification and the configurations illustrated in the drawings are merely the most preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not represent all of the technical ideas of the present invention; thus, it should be understood that various equivalents and modifications that can replace them may exist at the time of filing this application.

[0053] In addition, the present invention includes various embodiments. For each embodiment, redundant descriptions of substantially identical or similar configurations are omitted, and the focus is on the differences.

[0054] Meanwhile, although terms indicating directions such as up, down, left, right, front, and back may be used in the present invention, these terms are used merely for convenience of explanation and may vary depending on the position of the object or the position of the observer, as is obvious to those skilled in the art of the present invention.

[0055] For example, in an embodiment of the present invention, the X-axis direction shown in the drawing may mean the left-right direction, the Y-axis direction may mean the front-back direction perpendicular to the X-axis direction on the horizontal plane (XY plane), and the Z-axis direction may mean the up-down direction (vertical direction) perpendicular to both the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction.

[0056]

[0057] FIG. 1 is an overall perspective view of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention. For example, FIG. 3 may be a drawing showing the cross-section along I-I' of FIG. 1.

[0058] Referring to FIGS. 1 to 3, a battery pack (1) according to one embodiment of the present invention may include a battery cell (100), a pack case (200), and a cooling plate (300).

[0059] First, referring primarily to FIG. 2, a plurality of battery cells (100) may be included. Although not shown in the drawing, these plurality of battery cells (100) may include an electrode assembly, a cell case that accommodates the electrode assembly, and an electrode lead that is connected to the electrode assembly and extends outward from the cell case to function as an electrode terminal. At this time, the plurality of battery cells (100) may be electrically connected to each other.

[0060] A plurality of battery cells (100) can be stacked in at least one direction. For example, as shown in FIG. 2, a plurality of battery cells (100) can be arranged side by side in the front-back direction (X-axis direction) while standing upright in the vertical direction (Z-axis direction).

[0061] Meanwhile, the present invention is not limited by the specific type or shape of such battery cell (100), and various battery cells (100) known at the time of filing the present invention may be employed to constitute the battery pack (1) of the present invention. In this embodiment, a pouch-type secondary battery with high energy density and easy stacking is used as shown in the drawing, but it is understood that cylindrical or prismatic secondary batteries may also be applied as battery cells (100).

[0062] The above pack case (200) may be configured to accommodate a plurality of battery cells (100). The pack case (200) may be provided in a box shape including a plurality of frames.

[0063] The pack case (200) may be made of a material capable of ensuring mechanical strength, such as steel or SUS metal or plastic, or may include such a material, in order to safely protect the battery cell (100) housed inside.

[0064] The cooling plate (300) may be provided on the inside of the pack case (200). The cooling plate (300) may be configured to cool the battery cell (100). The cooling plate (300) may be configured to be filled with a cooling medium inside.

[0065] The cooling plate (300) may be made of a material with high thermal conductivity, such as aluminum, or may include such a material.

[0066] A cooling plate (300) may be provided on one side of the battery cell (100). For example, as in the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, the cooling plate (300) may be provided on the upper side of the battery cell (100).

[0067] When thermal runaway occurs in the battery cell (100), high-temperature discharges such as venting gas have a strong tendency to move upward and can move toward the upper side of the pack case (200). Accordingly, according to the above embodiment of the present invention, as the cooling plate (300) is provided on the upper side of the battery cell (100), venting gas or flames can be cooled by the cooling medium inside the cooling plate (300). That is, according to the above embodiment of the present invention, the heat of the discharged venting gas, etc. can be efficiently controlled.

[0068] Specifically, the cooling plate (300) may be provided with a cooling channel (CP). The cooling channel (CP) may be configured to be filled with a cooling medium inside. The cooling channel (CP) may refer to a passage configured to allow a cooling medium, such as cooling water, to flow.

[0069] A cooling channel (CP) may be formed in the internal space of the cooling plate (300). For example, a hollow may be formed inside the cooling plate (300) so that a cooling medium can flow into the hollow. Alternatively, the cooling channel (CP) may be configured in the form of a pipe in the internal space of the cooling plate (300).

[0070] Additionally, the cooling plate (300) may be provided with a water supply hole (310). The water supply hole (310) may be configured to discharge a cooling medium inside the cooling plate (300) toward the battery cell (100). The water supply hole (310) may be configured to communicate with a cooling channel (CP). The water supply hole (310) may be configured to communicate with a receiving space of the battery cell (100).

[0071] Multiple water supply holes (310) may be provided. Multiple water supply holes (310) may be spaced apart from each other in the horizontal direction.

[0072] The water supply hole (310) may be provided on the inner surface (300a) of the cooling plate (300). Additionally, a plurality of water supply holes (310) may be arranged along the extension direction of the cooling channel (CP).

[0073] According to the above embodiment of the present invention, the cooling medium within the cooling channel (CP) can be discharged directly to the outside of the cooling plate (300) through the water supply hole (310) and flow into the battery cell (100). As a result, the battery cell (100) can be cooled more quickly.

[0074] Meanwhile, the location and structure of these water supply holes (310) can be configured independently of the structure and arrangement shape of the cooling channel (CP).

[0075] According to the above embodiment of the present invention, when a thermal event such as thermal runaway occurs in the battery assembly (10), the cooling medium within the cooling channel (CP) can be directly introduced into the receiving space of the battery cell (100) through the water supply hole (310). That is, the cooling medium of the cooling plate (300) can directly cool the battery cell (100). By doing so, efficient cooling performance of the battery pack (1) can be secured.

[0076] In particular, according to the above embodiment of the present invention, the temperature of the battery cell (100) can be rapidly reduced by the cooling medium at the beginning of a thermal event, so that heat propagation between the battery cells (100) can be delayed or prevented. As a result, the safety and reliability of the battery pack (1) can be guaranteed.

[0077] The cooling plate (300) may be provided with a protrusion (320). The protrusion (320) may be configured to protrude from the inner surface (300a) of the cooling plate (300) toward the battery cell (100). As an example, the protrusion (320) may be formed by thickening and molding the inner surface (300a) of the cooling plate (300), which is made of aluminum.

[0078] These protrusions (320) may be configured to form a water supply hole (310). That is, the inner surface of the protrusion (320) may be configured to form a water supply hole (310). A cooling medium inside the cooling plate (300) may be filled between the inner surfaces of the protrusions (320). This cooling medium may come into direct contact with the battery cell (100).

[0079] If the protrusion (320) is not provided, a gap exists between the inner surface (300a) of the cooling plate (300) and the battery cell (100), and an air insulation layer may be formed. However, according to the above embodiment of the present invention, as the protrusion (320) is provided on the cooling plate (300), the gap can be filled with a cooling medium. Therefore, since the cooling medium inside the cooling plate (300) can come into direct contact with the battery cell (100), the heat transfer performance of the battery cell (100) can be improved. Thus, according to the above embodiment of the present invention, efficient cooling performance of the battery pack (1) can be secured.

[0080]

[0081] FIG. 4 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a battery pack according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0082] Referring to FIG. 4, the protrusion (320) can be configured to contact the battery cell (100). The entire inner surface (300a) of the cooling plate (300) on which the protrusion (320) is formed can be configured to face the battery cell (100). Additionally, the water supply hole (310) can be configured to face the battery cell (100).

[0083] According to the above embodiment of the present invention, the battery cell (100) can be in close contact with the open area of ​​the water supply hole (310) through which the cooling medium flows. Therefore, since the cooling medium inside the cooling plate (300) can come into direct contact with the battery cell (100), the cooling performance of the battery pack (1) can be improved.

[0084] The protrusion (320) may be configured in a diagonal shape. For example, it may be configured in a diagonal shape from the inner surface (300a) of the cooling plate (300) toward the battery cell (100). Accordingly, the protrusion (320) may be configured so that the cross-sectional area of ​​the water supply hole (310) gradually decreases toward the battery cell (100).

[0085] According to the above embodiment of the present invention, when the cooling plate (300) is seated on the battery cell (100), the end of the protrusion (320) can be pressed or slid by the battery cell (100) regardless of the length of the protrusion (320) so that it can be completely adhered to the battery cell (100). Accordingly, adhesion or fixing force can be secured between the protrusion (320) and the battery cell (100). Furthermore, the assembly of the battery pack (1) can be improved.

[0086]

[0087] Meanwhile, referring to FIG. 4, a battery pack (1) according to one embodiment of the present invention may further include a cover member (400). The cover member (400) may be coupled to a protrusion (320). For example, the cover member (400) may be attached to the end of the protrusion (320). The cover member (400) may be interposed between the end of the protrusion (320) and the battery cell (100). The cover member (400) may be configured to be seated on the battery cell (100).

[0088] The cover member (400) may be configured to cover the water supply hole (310). The cover member (400) may be configured in the form of a sheet. The cover member (400) may be configured with a thin thickness. For example, the cover member (400) may be composed of a polymer film material such as PP or PE. The cover member (400) may be configured with a minimum thickness of 0.05 / 0.1 / 0.2 mm depending on the material.

[0089] Multiple cover members (400) may be provided. Multiple cover members (400) may be provided for each of the multiple water supply holes (310).

[0090] According to the above embodiment of the present invention, by providing a cover member (400), the cooling medium inside the cooling plate (300) can be configured to be prevented from being discharged toward the battery cell (100) in the normal state of the battery pack (1).

[0091]

[0092] FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a battery pack according to one embodiment of the present invention when a thermal event occurs.

[0093] Furthermore, as in the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 5, the cover member (400) may be configured to open the water supply hole (310) when a thermal event occurs in the battery cell (100).

[0094] According to the above embodiment of the present invention, when a thermal event occurs in the battery cell (100), the cooling medium inside the cooling plate (300) can be configured to flow into the battery cell (100) through the water supply hole (310) (see bold arrow in FIG. 5).

[0095] At this time, the cover member (400) can be configured to come into direct contact with the battery cell (100). Thus, when thermal runaway occurs in the battery cell (100), the cover member (400) can be rapidly ruptured or melted, allowing the cooling medium to flow more rapidly into the battery cell (100).

[0096] According to the above embodiment of the present invention, when a thermal event occurs in a battery cell (100), the cooling medium of the cooling plate (300) flows into the space containing the battery cell (100) through the open water supply hole (310), thereby effectively preventing or delaying the propagation of thermal runaway between the battery cells (100). As a result, the safety and reliability of the battery pack (1) can be guaranteed.

[0097] Additionally, it may be configured so that only the water supply hole (310) provided on the side of the battery cell (100) where a thermal event occurred is opened. Accordingly, in a normal state, the cover member (400) maintains a state of covering the water supply hole (310), thereby preventing the discharge of the cooling medium. However, if a thermal event occurs in which venting gas or flames are generated in some battery cells (100), at least a part of the cover member (400) may be opened to open at least a part of the water supply hole (310).

[0098] Thus, according to the above embodiment of the present invention, at least a portion of the cover member (400) opens a portion of the water supply hole (310) so that the cooling medium can be directed toward the battery cell (100). Accordingly, efficient cooling performance of the battery pack (1) can be secured.

[0099]

[0100] FIG. 6 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a battery pack according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0101] As another example, as in the embodiment shown in FIG. 6, the cover member (400) may have a sealing portion (410) and a cover portion (420).

[0102] The sealing portion (410) may be configured to wrap around the end of the protrusion (320). The sealing portion (410) may be configured to seal the entrance of the water supply hole (310). The sealing portion (410) may have elasticity. The sealing portion (410) may be composed of a material having elasticity against structural performance such as vibration and shock. At the same time, the sealing portion (410) may be composed of a material capable of ensuring watertightness. For example, the sealing portion (410) may be composed of a rubber material.

[0103] A cover portion (420) may be provided between sealing portions (410). The cover portion (420) may be configured to be fixed to the cooling plate (300) by the sealing portion (410). The cover portion (420) may be configured to cover the water supply hole (310). The cover portion (420) may be configured with a thin thickness. For example, the cover portion (420) may be composed of a polymer film material such as PP or PE. The cover portion (420) may be configured with a minimum thickness of 0.05 / 0.1 / 0.2 mm depending on the material.

[0104] For example, the cover portion (420) may rupture when thermal runaway occurs. Alternatively, the cover portion (420) may be configured to melt when thermal runaway occurs. The cover portion (420) may melt due to the heat of a high-temperature discharge such as venting gas or flame. For example, the melting point of the cover portion (420) may be about 100 to 200°C. Accordingly, when a thermal event occurs in the battery cell (100), the cover portion (420) provided in the water supply hole (310) corresponding to the battery cell (100) may melt, and a cooling medium may be introduced through the water supply hole (310).

[0105] The cover portion (420) may be configured to be inserted and fixed into the sealing portion (410). For example, the sealing portion (410) may be manufactured by insert injection. To this end, the sealing portion (410) may be made of a material capable of insert injection, such as rubber. To manufacture the sealing portion (410) by insert injection, the position of the cover portion (420) is fixed on the protrusion (320) of the cooling plate (300), and then the sealing portion (410) may be formed by injecting rubber or the like.

[0106] According to the above embodiment of the present invention, a cover part (420) and a sealing part (410) made of different materials can be manufactured as a single unit. In addition, since the process of assembling the cover part (420) and the sealing part (410) to the cooling plate (300) is unnecessary, the process can be shortened and productivity can be improved. Furthermore, since the heat resistance or impact resistance of the cover member (400) can be improved, structural stability can be ensured. Also, the weight of the cover member (400) can be minimized.

[0107]

[0108] FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a battery pack according to one embodiment of the present invention. For example, FIG. 7 may be a drawing showing the cross-section II-II' of FIG. 1.

[0109] Referring further to FIG. 7 together with FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, a battery pack (1) according to one embodiment of the present invention may further include a heat transfer material (T). The heat transfer material (T) may be interposed between a plurality of battery cells (100) and a cooling plate (300).

[0110] A heat transfer material (T) may be configured to transfer heat between a battery cell (100) and a cooling plate (300). The heat transfer material (T) may be a material capable of transferring heat. In particular, the heat transfer material (T) may be made of a resin material, for example, the heat transfer material (T) may be referred to as a thermal resin. The heat transfer material (T) may include various materials, such as urethane, silicone, and epoxy. The heat transfer material (T) may be expressed by other terms such as TIM (Thermal Interface Material), potting resin, etc., and as the material of the heat transfer material (T) of the battery pack (1) according to the present invention, various thermally conductive adhesives or TIMs known at the time of filing the present invention may be used.

[0111] Additionally, the heat transfer material (T) may be configured to secure the battery cell (100) to the cooling plate (300). To this end, the heat transfer material (T) may include an adhesive component.

[0112] The heat transfer material (T) ensures that heat transfer between the battery cell (100) and the cooling plate (300) is well achieved, thereby ensuring stable cooling performance for the battery cell (100).

[0113] A heat transfer material (T) may be interposed in the gap formed between the inner surface (300a) of the cooling plate (300) and the battery cell (100). At this time, the heat transfer material (T) may be provided on the outer side of the protrusion (320). The protrusion (320) may be configured so that the cooling medium of the cooling plate (300) can come into direct contact with the battery cell (100). In particular, the length of the protrusion (320) may be configured to correspond to the thickness of the heat transfer material (T).

[0114] If the protrusion (320) is not provided, a portion of the battery cell (100) that is not in contact with the heat transfer material (T) may be formed. In this case, the portion that is not in contact with the heat transfer material (T) may be the portion where the water supply hole (310) is formed. Accordingly, heat transfer loss may occur by the cross-sectional area of ​​the water supply hole (310).

[0115] However, according to the above embodiment of the present invention, as the protrusion (320) protrudes to correspond to the thickness of the heat transfer material (T), the cooling medium can come into direct contact with the battery cell (100) in the portion where the heat transfer material (T) does not come into contact (Area A in FIG. 4). Accordingly, heat transfer loss can be prevented in the portion where the water supply hole (310) is formed (Area A in FIG. 7), and the cooling area of ​​the battery cell (100) can be maximized. Accordingly, the cooling efficiency of the battery pack (1) can be maximized.

[0116] The protrusion (320) may be configured to prevent the heat transfer material (T) from moving toward the water supply hole (310). That is, the protrusion (320) may be configured to prevent the heat transfer material (T) provided on the outside of the water supply hole (310) from flowing into the water supply hole (310) by passing over the protrusion (320).

[0117] When a heat transfer material (T) flows into the cooling plate (300) through the water supply hole (310), the water supply hole (310) may become blocked. However, according to the above embodiment of the present invention, the flow of the heat transfer material (T) into the water supply hole (310) can be suppressed by the protrusion (320). Furthermore, since a separate component to prevent the overflow of the heat transfer material (T) is unnecessary, material costs can be reduced.

[0118]

[0119] FIG. 8 is a perspective view of a battery module included in a battery pack according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0120] Meanwhile, referring to FIG. 8, a plurality of battery cells (100) may be grouped into one or more battery assemblies (10). That is, the battery pack (1) according to the present invention includes a plurality of battery assemblies (10), and a plurality of battery cells (100) included in the battery pack (1) may be divided and included in a plurality of battery assemblies (10). At this time, the multiple battery cells (100) included within the battery assembly (10) may be electrically connected to each other.

[0121] The battery assembly (10) may include a housing (11). The housing (11) may be configured to accommodate a battery cell (100) in the internal space by forming an empty space inside. That is, the housing (11) may group multiple battery cells (100) into multiple battery assemblies (10) and serve as a boundary that physically limits the internal space of each battery assembly (10).

[0122] The housing (11) may be made of a metal material having rigidity and heat resistance to physically or chemically protect the housed battery cell (100).

[0123] Additionally, the battery assembly (10) may include a busbar assembly and / or module terminals electrically connected to a plurality of battery cells (100).

[0124] For example, as in the embodiment shown in FIG. 8, the housing (11) may be configured so that its top surface is open. That is, the housing (11) may be configured to cover only the sides excluding the top surface of the battery cell (100). In this case, the heat transfer material (T) may be interposed between the battery cell (100) and the cooling plate (300), as in the embodiments shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 7. Thus, the heat transfer material (T) may be configured to come into direct contact with the battery cell (100).

[0125] According to the above embodiment of the present invention, since heat of the battery assembly (10) can be transferred not only by the heat transfer material (T) but also by the cooling medium inside the cooling plate (300), the cooling performance of the battery assembly (10) can be secured.

[0126]

[0127] FIG. 9 is a perspective view of a battery module included in a battery pack according to another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of a battery pack according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0128] As another example, as in the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 9, the housing (11) may be provided with an upper surface. That is, the housing (11) may be configured to cover all sides including the upper surface of the battery cell (100). In this case, a heat transfer material (T) may be interposed between the upper surface of the housing (11) and the cooling plate (300), as in the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 10. Additionally, the heat transfer material (T) may be interposed between the upper surface of the housing (11) and the battery cell (100).

[0129] In this case, the housing (11) may be provided with a cooling hole (CH). The cooling hole (CH) may be formed by penetrating one side of the housing (11). For example, as in the embodiment shown in FIG. 9 and FIG. 10, the cooling hole (CH) may be formed on the upper surface of the housing (11).

[0130] The cooling hole (CH) can be configured to communicate with the water supply hole (310) of the cooling plate (300). The cooling hole (CH) can be configured to allow the cooling medium inside the cooling plate (300) to flow into the housing (11). That is, when a thermal event occurs in the battery assembly (10), the cooling medium within the cooling channel (CP) can flow into the inside of the housing (11) through the water supply hole (310) and the cooling hole (CH).

[0131] According to the above embodiment of the present invention, by introducing a cooling medium into the interior of the housing (11) and directly introducing the battery cells (100) inside the housing (11), the propagation of thermal runaway between the battery cells (100) can be effectively prevented or delayed. In addition, the cooling performance of the battery assembly (10) can be improved.

[0132] A cooling hole (CH) may be formed at a position corresponding to the water supply hole (310). The cooling hole (CH) may be configured to face the water supply hole (310). Accordingly, the cooling hole (CH) may be configured to communicate directly with the water supply hole (310). Additionally, the cooling hole (CH) may be provided in a number corresponding to the water supply hole (310). Furthermore, the size of the cooling hole (CH) may be configured to be approximately the same as the size of the water supply hole (310). Moreover, the cooling hole (CH) may also be arranged along the extension direction of the cooling channel (CP).

[0133] According to the above embodiment of the present invention, the cooling medium discharged from the cooling plate (300) through the water supply hole (310) can flow directly into the interior of the housing (11) through the cooling hole (CH). As a result, the battery assembly (10) can be cooled more quickly.

[0134] Furthermore, as in the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 10, the protrusion (320) can be inserted into the cooling hole (CH). The protrusion (320) can be interposed on the inner side of the cooling hole (CH). That is, the end of the protrusion (320) can be interposed on the inner side of the inner circumference of the cooling hole (CH).

[0135] According to the above embodiment of the present invention, when assembling the cooling plate (300), the protrusion (320) is inserted into the inner side of the cooling hole (CH), thereby guiding the assembly position of the cooling plate (300). As a result, the assembly of the battery pack can be improved.

[0136] In addition, according to the above embodiment of the present invention, when the water supply hole (310) is opened and the cooling medium flows into the inside of the housing (11) through the cooling hole (CH), the flow of the cooling medium can be guided. As a result, the cooling medium can flow more quickly toward the battery cell (100), thereby suppressing thermal runaway.

[0137]

[0138] FIG. 11 is a bottom perspective view of a battery module included in a battery pack according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0139] The housing (11) may be provided with a venting hole (VH). The venting hole (VH) may be formed by penetrating one side of the housing (11). For example, as in the embodiment shown in FIG. 11, the venting hole (VH) may be formed on the lower surface of the housing (11).

[0140] The venting hole (VH) can be configured to discharge the venting gas generated from the battery cell (100) to the outside of the housing (11). Accordingly, the battery assembly (10) may be capable of directional venting in one direction through the venting hole (VH).

[0141] Multiple venting holes (VH) may be provided. Multiple venting holes (VH) may be provided at regular intervals from each other in the horizontal direction.

[0142] According to the above embodiment of the present invention, high-temperature gas or flames generated in the battery cell (100) in the event of an abnormal situation of the battery cell (100) can be rapidly discharged to the outside of the battery assembly (10), thereby effectively preventing or delaying the propagation of thermal runaway between the battery cells (100).

[0143] The venting hole (VH) and the cooling hole (CH) may be positioned on different sides of the housing (11). For example, the cooling hole (CH) may be provided on the upper surface of the housing (11) and configured to face the cooling plate (300). Additionally, the venting hole (VH) may be provided on the lower surface of the housing (11).

[0144] According to the above embodiment of the present invention, the venting path and the cooling path of the battery assembly (10) can be separated. As a result, both the venting performance and the cooling performance of the battery pack (1) can be improved.

[0145]

[0146] FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view of a case where a thermal event occurs in a battery pack according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0147] Meanwhile, referring to FIGS. 1, 2 and 12, the pack case (200) may include a base frame (210) and a plurality of side frames (220).

[0148] The base frame (210) can be configured to accommodate a plurality of battery assemblies (10). The base frame (210) can form the lower surface of the pack case (200) and can be provided in the shape of a square plate. Additionally, the base frame (210) can be provided with a flat upper surface so that the battery assembly (10) can be stably seated.

[0149] A plurality of side frames (220) may be provided extending upward from each corner of the base frame (210). A plurality of side frames (220) may be provided to surround the battery assembly (10). More specifically, the plurality of side frames (220) may each be provided as a right wall located at the +X direction side end of the base frame (210), a rear wall located at the +Y direction side end, a left wall located at the -X direction side end, and a front wall located at the -Y direction side end to form the sides of the pack case (200).

[0150] Additionally, the pack case (200) may include a cross beam (230). The cross beam (230) may be configured to partition the internal space of the pack case (200). The cross beam (230) may be configured to partition a plurality of battery assemblies (10). The cross beam (230) may be configured to extend along the left-right direction and / or the front-back direction of the pack case (200).

[0151] A plurality of cross beams (230) may be provided. The cross beams (230) may be provided to connect side frames (220) facing each other among a plurality of side frames (220). For example, as shown in FIG. 2, a plurality of battery assemblies (10) may be arranged in a 4-row, 2-column configuration by the cross beams (230).

[0152] Meanwhile, the pack case (200) may further include a cover frame (240). The cover frame (240) may be configured to cover the upper part of the battery assembly (10). The cover frame (240) may be provided to form the upper surface of the pack case (200). The cover frame (240) may be coupled to the side frame (220). Alternatively, the cover frame (240) may be provided integrated with the side frame (220).

[0153]

[0154] Referring to FIG. 12, a structure for venting high-temperature discharges, such as venting gas, to the outside of the pack case (200) will be explained in detail.

[0155] A venting channel (VP) may be formed in the pack case (200). The venting channel (VP) may refer to a passage through which venting gas, etc. flows. The venting channel (VP) may be configured to allow venting gas generated from the battery cell (100) to flow in. For example, the venting channel (VP) may be configured to allow venting gas discharged from the venting hole (VH) to flow. The venting channel (VP) may be provided inside the pack case (200).

[0156] The venting channel (VP) may include a first venting channel (VP1). The first venting channel (VP1) may be configured to allow venting gas discharged from the venting hole (VH) to flow in. For example, as in the embodiment shown in FIG. 12, the base frame (210) is provided with a hollow structure inside, and the first venting channel (VP1) may be defined as the hollow formed in the base frame (210).

[0157] According to the above embodiment of the present invention, venting gas or flame generated in a battery cell (100) can be introduced into a venting channel (VP) formed in a pack case (200) (see dotted arrow in FIG. 9). In this way, when a thermal event occurs in a battery cell (100) and high-temperature gas or flame is generated, the battery pack (1) according to the present invention can discharge the venting gas in a specific direction rather than in all directions.

[0158] Accordingly, high-temperature gas or flames can be quickly discharged to the outside of the battery pack (1) through the first venting channel (VP1), thereby minimizing heat propagation to other battery cells (100).

[0159] In addition, generally when gas is ejected from the battery cell (100), pieces of electrode plates or active materials inside the battery cell (100) may be discharged to the outside while heated to a high temperature, and such high-temperature particles may appear in the form of a spark. The battery pack (1) according to the present invention prevents high-temperature particles from being discharged from the battery cell (100) from immediately and easily escaping to the outside of the battery pack (1), and allows them to escape after their temperature is sufficiently lowered while moving through the first venting channel (VP1), thereby preventing them from acting as an ignition source outside the battery pack (1).

[0160]

[0161] FIG. 13 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a battery pack according to one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 14 is an internal perspective view of a pack case included in a battery pack according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0162] Referring to FIGS. 13 and 14, a discharge hole (211) may be formed on the inner surface of the pack case (200). The discharge hole (211) may be configured to discharge venting gas from the battery cell (100) to the first venting channel (VP1). That is, the discharge hole (211) may be configured to connect the first venting channel (VP1) with the receiving space of the battery cell (100). For example, the discharge hole (211) may be formed on the inner surface of the base frame (210).

[0163] These discharge holes (211) may be formed at a position corresponding to the venting hole (VH). Accordingly, the discharge holes (211) may be configured to communicate directly with the venting hole (VH). Additionally, the number of discharge holes (211) may correspond to the number of venting holes (VH). Furthermore, the size of the discharge holes (211) may be configured to be approximately the same as the size of the venting hole (VH).

[0164] According to the above embodiment of the present invention, venting gas or flames generated in the battery cell (100) inside the housing (11) can be directly introduced into the first venting channel (VP1) provided at the bottom through the venting hole (VH) and the discharge hole (211). Accordingly, the venting gas generated in the battery assembly (10) can be quickly discharged to the outside of the battery pack (1), thereby ensuring safe venting performance of the battery pack (1).

[0165]

[0166] Meanwhile, referring again to FIG. 12, a second venting channel (VP2) may be formed in the pack case (200). The second venting channel (VP2) may be provided as a hollow structure inside the pack case (200). That is, the second venting channel (VP2) may be defined as a hollow formed in any one of the frames of the pack case (200). The second venting channel (VP2) may be configured to be connected to the first venting channel (VP1). Additionally, the second venting channel (VP2) may be configured to communicate with the outside of the pack case (200).

[0167] Accordingly, the venting gas generated in any one battery cell (100) can flow into a first venting channel (VP1) connected to the battery cell (100) and move to a second venting channel (VP2) connected to the first venting channel (VP1).

[0168] According to the above embodiment of the present invention, when a thermal event occurs in any battery cell (100) or battery assembly (10), the movement of a fluid, such as venting gas, toward an adjacent battery cell (100) and / or battery assembly (10) can be minimized. Accordingly, the propagation of thermal runaway between the battery cells (100) and / or battery assemblies (10) can be effectively prevented or delayed. This ensures the safety and reliability of the battery pack (1).

[0169] For example, as in the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 12, the second venting channel (VP2) may be formed inside the side frame (220). The second venting channel (VP2) may be formed in all four walls of the side frame (220).

[0170] Accordingly, venting gas generated from the battery cell (100) can move to the first venting channel (VP1) formed in the base frame (210) and then move to the second venting channel (VP2) formed in the side frame (220). This venting gas can be discharged to the outside of the pack case (200).

[0171] To connect the first venting channel (VP1) and the second venting channel (VP2), a communication hole may be formed in the pack case (200). The communication hole may be configured to allow the first venting channel (VP1) and the second venting channel (VP2) to communicate with each other.

[0172] Furthermore, a third venting channel (VP3) may be formed in the pack case (200). The third venting channel (VP3) may be provided as a hollow structure inside the pack case (200). That is, the third venting channel (VP3) may be defined as a hollow formed in any one of the frames of the pack case (200). The third venting channel (VP3) may be configured to communicate with the first venting channel (VP1) and the second venting channel (VP2).

[0173] As a more specific example, as in the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 10, the third venting channel (VP3) can be formed in the cross beam (230). Accordingly, the venting gas generated from the battery cell (100), etc., can move to the first venting channel (VP1) formed in the base frame (210), and then move to the second venting channel (VP2) formed in the side frame (220) as well as to the third venting channel (VP3) formed in the cross beam (230).

[0174] According to the above embodiment of the present invention, venting gas, etc. discharged from a battery cell (100) or battery assembly (10) in contact with the cross beam (230) can move directly to a third venting channel (VP3) formed in the cross beam (230), so that venting gas, etc. can be discharged more quickly to the outside of the pack case (200).

[0175]

[0176] Meanwhile, referring to FIGS. 2 and FIGS. 12, the pack case (200) may include a venting device (250).

[0177] The venting device (250) may be configured to discharge gas generated in the battery cell (100) to the outside of the pack case (200). The venting device (250) may be configured to open by the pressure of the venting gas and discharge the venting gas to the outside of the pack case (200) when the internal pressure rises due to the generation of venting gas inside the pack case (200).

[0178] The venting device (250) may be configured to open and close according to the internal pressure inside the pack case (200). Alternatively, the venting device (250) may be configured in the form of a hole. Meanwhile, the present invention is not limited by the specific type or form of such venting device (250), and various venting devices (250) known at the time of filing the present invention may be employed to constitute the battery pack (1) of the present invention.

[0179] Specifically, the venting device (250) may be provided on the side of the pack case (200), that is, on the side frame (220). Multiple venting devices (250) may be provided. The venting device (250) may be provided on at least one of the multiple side frames (220). The venting device (250) may be formed separately on each of two or more side frames (220), or two or more may be formed on a single side frame (220).

[0180] Meanwhile, the number or location of the venting device (250) described based on the embodiment of FIG. 2 is merely an example, and it is obvious that it can be changed to various other numbers or locations.

[0181] This venting device (250) may be configured to communicate with the second venting channel (VP2). Thus, the venting gas of the second venting channel (VP2) may be configured to be discharged to the outside of the pack case (200) through the venting device (250).

[0182] According to the above embodiment of the present invention, since the venting gas, etc. can move directly to the second venting channel (VP2) of the side frame (220) equipped with (250), the venting gas, etc. can be quickly discharged to the outside of the pack case (200). By doing so, safe venting performance of the battery pack (1) can be secured.

[0183] The direction in which the venting gas is discharged when high-temperature venting gas or flames are generated in any battery cell (100) is explained in detail. The venting gas flows into a first venting channel (VP1) located at the bottom of the battery cell (100) through the discharge hole (211), and the venting gas flowing through the first venting channel (VP1) may flow into a second venting channel (VP2) and / or a third venting channel (VP3). The venting gas flowing through the third venting channel (VP3) may move to the second venting channel (VP2). This venting gas may be discharged to the outside of the pack case (200) through (250) which is in communication with the second venting channel (VP2).

[0184]

[0185] Meanwhile, if a cooling medium flows into the interior of the housing (11) through the water supply hole (310) and the cooling hole (CH), a short circuit may occur in the battery cell (100) if the cooling medium accumulates inside the housing (11).

[0186] To solve these problems, a battery pack (1) according to one embodiment of the present invention may be configured so that a cooling medium introduced into the housing (11) is discharged to the outside of the housing (11).

[0187] For example, as in the embodiment shown in FIG. 12 and FIG. 13, the venting hole (VH) may be configured to discharge the cooling medium introduced through the cooling hole (CH) to the outside of the housing (11).

[0188] As in the above embodiment of the present invention, the cooling medium can be properly discharged to the outside of the housing (11) through the venting hole (VH) so that a short circuit in the battery cell (100) can be prevented or suppressed.

[0189] At this time, the venting hole (VH) may be positioned on the surface of the housing (11) facing the cooling hole (CH). For example, the cooling hole (CH) may be provided on the upper surface of the housing (11), and the venting hole (VH) may be provided on the lower surface of the housing (11).

[0190] According to the above embodiment of the present invention, the cooling medium introduced from the cooling hole (CH) can naturally flow toward the venting hole (VH) by gravity. As a result, the cooling medium inside the housing (11) can be discharged to the outside of the housing (11) through the venting hole (VH) without any residue, thereby more effectively preventing or suppressing the occurrence of a short circuit in the battery cell (100).

[0191] Furthermore, the cooling medium discharged through the venting hole (VH) can be configured to flow into the first venting channel (VP1) through the discharge hole (211) (see bold arrow in FIG. 12).

[0192] According to the above embodiment of the present invention, as the cooling medium flows in the first venting channel (VP1), the cooling medium discharged to the outside of the housing (11) through the venting hole (VH) can be prevented from affecting other battery assemblies (10), etc. By doing so, a short circuit in a normal battery assembly (10) can be prevented.

[0193]

[0194] FIG. 15 is a schematic perspective view of a vehicle including a battery pack according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0195] Referring to FIG. 15, a vehicle (V) according to one embodiment of the present invention may include one or more battery packs (1) according to one embodiment of the present invention. The vehicle (V) according to the present invention may be, for example, an electric vehicle, a hybrid vehicle, or a plug-in hybrid vehicle. The vehicle (V) may include a four-wheeled vehicle and a two-wheeled vehicle. The vehicle (V) may operate by receiving power from a battery pack (1) according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0196]

[0197] Although the present invention has been described above by limited embodiments and drawings, the present invention is not limited thereto, and it is obvious that various modifications and variations are possible within the scope of the technical spirit of the present invention and the equivalent scope of the claims described below by those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs.

Claims

1. Multiple battery cells; A pack case accommodating the above plurality of battery cells and A battery pack characterized by comprising a cooling plate having a cooling channel provided on the inner side of the pack case and filled with a cooling medium inside, a water supply hole configured to discharge the cooling medium from the cooling channel to the battery cell side, and a protrusion configured to protrude from the inner surface of the cooling plate to the battery cell side to form the water supply hole.

2. In Paragraph 1, A battery pack characterized by the above-mentioned protrusion being configured to contact the battery cell.

3. In Paragraph 1, A battery pack characterized in that the above-mentioned protrusion is configured such that the cross-sectional area of ​​the above-mentioned water injection hole gradually decreases toward the battery cell side.

4. In Paragraph 1, A battery pack characterized by further including a cover member configured to be coupled to the above-mentioned protrusion and to cover the above-mentioned water supply hole.

5. In Paragraph 4, A battery pack characterized in that the above-described cover member is configured to open the above-described water supply hole when a thermal event occurs in the battery cell.

6. In Paragraph 4, The above cover member is A sealing part configured to wrap around the end of the above-mentioned protrusion, and A battery pack characterized by having a cover portion configured to be coupled to the sealing portion and to cover the water supply hole.

7. In Paragraph 1, It further includes a heat transfer material interposed between the plurality of battery cells and the cooling plate, A battery pack characterized in that the length of the protrusion is configured to correspond to the thickness of the heat transfer material.

8. In Paragraph 7, A battery pack characterized by the above-mentioned protrusion being configured to prevent the heat transfer material from heading toward the water injection hole.

9. In Paragraph 1, A battery pack characterized by further including a housing configured to accommodate a plurality of battery cells grouped together.

10. In Paragraph 9, A battery pack characterized in that the above housing is configured to have an open top surface.

11. In Paragraph 10, A battery pack characterized by the above housing having a cooling hole configured to communicate with the above water supply hole on one side.

12. In Paragraph 11, A battery pack characterized in that the above-mentioned protrusion is interposed on the inner side of the cooling hole.

13. In Paragraph 9, A battery pack characterized in that the housing has a venting hole configured to discharge venting gas generated from the battery cell to the outside.

14. An automobile characterized by including a battery pack according to any one of claims 1 to 13.

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