Battery pack and vehicle including same

Abstract

The battery pack according to the present invention comprises: a cell assembly having multiple battery cells; and a bottom frame disposed on one side of the cell assembly, wherein the bottom frame is provided with a first venting space exposed to the cell assembly, a second venting space communicating with the first venting space through multiple communication holes, and a third venting space communicating with the second venting space through at least one opening; and the multiple communication holes are configured such that the flow direction of venting gas discharged to the second venting space can be guided to the direction in which the opening faces.

Description

Battery pack and automobile including the same

[0001] The present invention relates to a battery pack and an automobile including the same.

[0002] This application is a priority application for Korean Patent Application No. 10-2024-0154301 filed November 4, 2024 and U.S. Patent Application No. 19 / 345,986 filed September 30, 2025, and all contents disclosed in the specification and drawings of said applications are incorporated by reference into this application.

[0003] Secondary batteries, which possess electrical characteristics such as high energy density and high applicability across product groups, are widely applied not only to portable devices but also to electric vehicles (EVs) or hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) powered by electric sources. These secondary batteries are attracting attention as a new energy source for enhancing eco-friendliness and energy efficiency, not only for the primary advantage of drastically reducing the use of fossil fuels but also because they generate no by-products from energy use.

[0004] Currently, widely used types of rechargeable batteries include lithium-ion batteries, lithium-polymer batteries, nickel-cadmium batteries, nickel-hydrogen batteries, and nickel-zinc batteries. Generally, lithium rechargeable batteries can be classified according to the shape of the casing into can-type rechargeable batteries, in which the electrode assembly is housed in a metal can, and pouch-type rechargeable batteries, in which the electrode assembly is housed in a pouch made of aluminum laminate sheets.

[0005] When a high output voltage is required, multiple battery cells may be connected in series to form a battery module or battery pack. Additionally, to increase charge / discharge capacity, multiple battery cells may be connected in parallel to form a battery module or battery pack. Accordingly, the number of battery cells included in the battery module or pack can be varied depending on the required output voltage or charge / discharge capacity.

[0006] When configuring a battery pack by connecting multiple battery cells in series or parallel, it is common practice to first construct a battery module containing at least one battery cell, and then use this at least one battery module to add other components to form a battery pack or battery rack. Alternatively, recently, battery packs in the form of a "Cell-to-Pack," in which multiple battery cells are directly housed in a pack housing without modularization, are also being manufactured.

[0007] The present invention provides a battery pack capable of smooth venting when a thermal event occurs, and an automobile including the same.

[0008] In addition, the present invention provides a battery pack in which a heat transfer phenomenon can be effectively prevented or suppressed, and an automobile including the same.

[0009] The technical problems that the present invention aims to solve are not limited to those described above, and other unmentioned problems will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the description of the invention below.

[0010] A battery pack according to one embodiment of the present invention comprises a cell assembly having a plurality of battery cells and a bottom frame disposed on one side of the cell assembly, wherein the bottom frame is provided with a first venting space exposed to the cell assembly, a second venting space communicating with the first venting space through a plurality of communication holes, and a third venting space communicating with the second venting space through at least one opening, and the plurality of communication holes are configured to guide the flow direction of the venting gas discharged into the second venting space toward the opening.

[0011] At least one of the above communication holes may be formed inclined toward the opening.

[0012] The size of the above communication hole may be formed larger in the area relatively far from the opening than in the area relatively close to the opening.

[0013] The density of the above communication holes may be formed more in the area relatively far from the opening than in the area relatively close to the opening.

[0014] At least one of the above-mentioned communication holes may be provided with a guide portion protruding to guide the flow direction of the venting gas discharged into the second venting space toward the opening.

[0015] The above guide portion has a shape corresponding to the above communication hole and can extend from the above communication hole toward the second venting space.

[0016] The above opening includes a first opening formed at one end of the third venting space and a second opening formed at the other end, and a plurality of the communication holes may be provided symmetrically toward the first opening and the second opening.

[0017] The above bottom frame can be placed at the bottom of the cell assembly.

[0018] The battery pack according to the present invention may further include a venting device capable of communicating the third venting space and the outside of the battery pack with each other.

[0019] In the battery pack according to the present invention, in the cell assembly, a plurality of battery cells are stacked and arranged together, and the first venting space may be extended in a direction parallel to the stacking direction of the plurality of battery cells.

[0020] The bottom frame comprises an inner frame disposed on one side of the cell assembly; an outer frame disposed on one side of the inner frame; and a routing frame disposed between the inner frame and the outer frame, wherein the first venting space is formed between the cell assembly and the inner frame, the second venting space is formed between the inner frame and the outer frame, and the third venting space may be formed on the inner side of the routing frame.

[0021] The inner frame has a side plate portion that partitions the first venting space and the second venting space, and a plurality of communication holes may be formed by perforating the side plate portion.

[0022] The automobile according to the present invention includes at least one battery pack according to the present invention.

[0023] A bottom frame according to the present invention is disposed on one side of a cell assembly having a plurality of battery cells, and is provided with a first venting space exposed to the cell assembly, a second venting space communicating with the first venting space through a plurality of communication holes, and a third venting space communicating with the second venting space through at least one opening, wherein the plurality of communication holes are configured to guide the flow direction of the venting gas discharged into the second venting space toward the opening.

[0024] At least one of the above communication holes may be formed inclined toward the opening.

[0025] The size of the above communication hole may be formed larger in the area relatively far from the opening than in the area relatively close to the opening.

[0026] The density of the above communication holes may be formed more in the area relatively far from the opening than in the area relatively close to the opening.

[0027] At least one of the above-mentioned communication holes may be provided with a guide portion protruding to guide the flow direction of the venting gas discharged into the second venting space toward the opening.

[0028] The above guide portion has a shape corresponding to the above communication hole and can extend from the above communication hole toward the second venting space.

[0029] The above opening includes a first opening formed at one end of the third venting space and a second opening formed at the other end, and a plurality of the communication holes may be provided symmetrically toward the first opening and the second opening.

[0030] According to the present invention, a battery pack capable of smooth venting when a thermal event occurs and an automobile including the same can be provided.

[0031] In addition, according to one aspect of the present invention, a battery pack in which a heat transfer phenomenon can be effectively prevented or suppressed and an automobile including the same can be provided.

[0032] In addition, according to one aspect of the present invention, a battery pack in which the flow path of the venting gas can be expanded and an automobile including the same can be provided.

[0033] In addition, according to one aspect of the present invention, a battery pack and an automobile including the same can be provided in which the backflow of venting gas can be effectively prevented or suppressed.

[0034] In addition, according to one aspect of the present invention, a battery pack with improved productivity and an automobile including the same can be provided.

[0035] In addition, according to one aspect of the present invention, a battery pack in which the flow of venting gas can be uniformly distributed and an automobile including the same can be provided.

[0036] In addition, according to one aspect of the present invention, a battery pack that ensures the safety of the occupant and a vehicle including the same can be provided.

[0037] In addition, according to one aspect of the present invention, a battery pack in which venting gas can be smoothly discharged to the outside of the battery pack and a vehicle including the same can be provided.

[0038] In addition, according to one aspect of the present invention, a battery pack with improved structural stability and an automobile including the same can be provided.

[0039] The effects of the present invention are not limited to the effects described above, and unmentioned effects will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from this specification and the attached drawings.

[0040] The following drawings attached to this specification illustrate embodiments of the present invention and serve to further enhance understanding of the technical concept of the present invention together with the detailed description of the invention provided below; therefore, the present invention should not be interpreted as being limited only to the matters described in such drawings.

[0041] FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing the overall appearance of a battery pack according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 2 is a perspective view showing the battery pack of Figure 1 disassembled.

[0043] Figure 3 is a side cross-sectional view showing a part of the AA' section of Figure 1.

[0044] FIG. 4 is a plan view showing a part of the interior of a battery pack according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0045] Figure 5 is a plan view showing an enlarged portion of Figure 4.

[0046] FIG. 6 is a plan view showing an enlarged portion of the interior of a battery pack according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0047] FIG. 7 is a plan view showing an enlarged portion of the interior of a battery pack according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0048] FIG. 8 is an enlarged view of the side plate portion of a battery pack according to a modified example of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0049] FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional perspective view showing a bottom frame of a battery pack according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0050] FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing the bottom frame of FIG. 9 exploded.

[0051] FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing a cell assembly of a battery pack according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0052] FIG. 12 is a perspective view showing a vent cover disassembled in a cell assembly of a battery pack according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0053] FIG. 13 is a drawing showing a vehicle according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0054] In parts of the attached drawings, corresponding components are given the same reference numerals. Those skilled in the art understand that the drawings are intended to illustrate elements simply and clearly and are not necessarily drawn to scale. For example, to aid in understanding various embodiments, the dimensions of some elements depicted in the drawings may be exaggerated compared to others. Additionally, elements of known technology that are useful or essential in commercially viable embodiments may often be omitted so as not to hinder the spirit of the various embodiments of the present invention.

[0055] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the attached drawings. Prior to this, terms and words used in this specification and claims should not be interpreted as being limited to their ordinary or dictionary meanings, and should be interpreted in a meaning and concept consistent with the technical spirit of the present invention, based on the principle that the inventor can appropriately define the concept of the terms to best describe his invention.

[0056] Therefore, it should be understood that the embodiments described in this specification and the configurations illustrated in the drawings are merely some embodiments of the present invention and do not represent all of the technical ideas of the present invention, and that various equivalents and modifications that can replace them may exist at the time of filing this application.

[0057] In this specification, unless otherwise specified, the X-axis direction is referred to as the front-back direction, the Y-axis direction orthogonal to the X-axis direction as the left-right direction, and the Z-axis direction orthogonal to the XY plane as the up-down direction (vertical direction).

[0058] When a battery pack contains multiple battery cells, it may be vulnerable to thermal chain reactions between battery cells or battery modules. For example, if a thermal event, such as thermal runaway, occurs in a single battery cell, this thermal event can be transferred to other battery cells or modules. If this thermal transfer is not properly suppressed, a thermal event originating in a specific battery cell can trigger a chain reaction in other cells or modules, potentially causing serious problems such as explosions or fires.

[0059] The present invention provides a battery pack and an automobile including the same, which enables smooth venting and effectively prevents or suppresses heat transfer phenomena even when a thermal event occurs in a battery cell.

[0060]

[0061] FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing the overall appearance of a battery pack according to one embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing the battery pack of FIG. 1 exploded, FIG. 3 is a side cross-sectional view showing a part of the AA' cross-section of FIG. 1, and FIG. 4 is a plan view showing a part of the interior of a battery pack according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0062] Hereinafter, a battery pack (10) according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4. A battery pack (10) according to an embodiment of the present invention may include a cell assembly (100) and a bottom frame (210).

[0063] Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, the cell assembly (100) may have a plurality of battery cells (110). The cell assembly (100) may have a predetermined width, length, and height in the X direction, Y direction, and Z direction, respectively. In the cell assembly (100), the plurality of battery cells (110) may be stacked and arranged together. For example, the plurality of battery cells (110) may be stacked along the X-axis direction while standing upright in the Z-axis direction. When the plurality of battery cells (110) are arranged in this manner, it may be easy to control the discharge direction of the venting gas (VG), which will be described later, to one side.

[0064] A battery pack (10) according to one embodiment of the present invention may include a plurality of cell assemblies (100).

[0065] The battery cell (110) may be a secondary battery. The battery cell (110) may be, for example, a pouch-type battery cell (110). However, the battery cell (110) is not limited thereto and may be provided as a cylindrical or prismatic battery cell (110).

[0066] The bottom frame (210) may be positioned on one side of the cell assembly (100). For example, the bottom frame (210) may be positioned on one side of the cell assembly (100) in the Z-axis direction.

[0067] In particular, referring to FIGS. 3 and FIGS. 4, the bottom frame (210) may be provided with a first venting space (VS1), a second venting space (VS2), and a third venting space (VS3).

[0068] When a thermal event occurs in one or more battery cells (110) of a cell assembly (100), high-temperature gas, flames, and solid discharges may be emitted from the battery cells (110), and such high-temperature gas, flames, and solid discharges may be collectively referred to as venting gas (VG).

[0069] The first venting space (VS1) may be a space exposed to the cell assembly (100) through which the venting gas (VG) discharged from the cell assembly (100) can flow.

[0070] The second venting space (VS2) may be connected to the first venting space (VS1). The second venting space (VS2) may be a space through which the venting gas (VG) discharged from the first venting space (VS1) can flow. The bottom frame (210) may be provided with a plurality of connecting holes (H). The first venting space (VS1) and the second venting space (VS2) may be connected to each other through the plurality of connecting holes (H).

[0071] The third venting space (VS3) may be connected to the second venting space (VS2). The third venting space (VS3) may be a space through which venting gas (VG) discharged from the second venting space (VS2) can flow. The second venting space (VS2) and the third venting space (VS3) may be connected to each other through at least one opening (O1, O2). The opening (O1, O2) may be understood as a portion formed by opening toward the second venting space (VS2) at at least one end of the third venting space (VS3).

[0072] The third venting space (VS3) may be provided, for example, inside the second venting space (VS2). The third venting space (VS3) may be provided in the approximately central area of ​​the second venting space (VS2) when viewed from the Z-axis direction, for example, as shown in FIG. 4.

[0073] Venting gas (VG) discharged from one or more battery cells (110) of the cell assembly (100) into the first venting space (VS1) can flow through the second venting space (VS2) to the third venting space (VS3).

[0074] A plurality of communication holes (H) can be configured to guide the flow direction of the venting gas (VG) discharged into the second venting space (VS2) in a specific direction. For example, the plurality of communication holes (H) can be configured to guide the flow direction of the venting gas (VG) discharged from the first venting space (VS1) to the second venting space (VS2) toward the openings (O1, O2) of the third venting space (VS3).

[0075] As described below, the openings (O1, O2) may be formed at one end and the other end of the third venting space (VS3), respectively. In this case, the plurality of communication holes (H) may be configured to guide the flow direction of the venting gas (VG) discharged into the second venting space (VS2) in both directions toward the respective openings (O1, O2).

[0076] A battery pack (10) according to one embodiment of the present invention is provided with a first venting space (VS1), a second venting space (VS2), and a third venting space (VS3), so that the flow path of the venting gas (VG) can be effectively expanded, and in the process of the flow of the venting gas (VG), the flow energy of the venting gas (VG) can be reduced quickly and smoothly, and particles such as ash or byproducts can be removed early.

[0077] In addition, as a plurality of communication holes (H) are configured as described above, the venting gas (VG) discharged from the first venting space (VS1) to the second venting space (VS2) can be guided quickly and smoothly to the third venting space (VS3). Furthermore, as the flow direction of the venting gas (VG) is guided as described above, the backflow of the venting gas (VG) from the second venting space (VS2) into the first venting space (VS1) can be effectively prevented or suppressed. In a battery pack (10) according to an embodiment of the present invention, when a thermal event occurs in one or more battery cells (110) of the cell assembly (100), smooth venting is possible, and the heat transfer phenomenon can also be effectively prevented or suppressed.

[0078]

[0079] Figure 5 is a plan view showing an enlarged portion of Figure 4.

[0080] Hereinafter, with reference to FIG. 5, a battery pack (10) according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail. In the battery pack (10) according to an embodiment of the present invention, at least one communication hole (H) may be formed inclined toward the openings (O1, O2). For example, at least one of the plurality of communication holes (H) may be formed inclined toward the openings (O1, O2) at a predetermined angle of inclination.

[0081] Here, the angle of inclination can be understood as the smaller angle between the angle of inclination between the direction from the first venting space (VS1) toward the second venting space (VS2) and the center axis of the communication hole (H) when looking at the bottom frame (210) from the cell assembly (100). For example, as shown in FIG. 5, when viewed from the Z-axis direction, the second venting space (VS2) is provided on the Y-axis side of the first venting space (VS1), and the opening (O1, O2) of the third venting space (VS3) is provided on the X-axis side of the second venting space (VS2), the angle of inclination can be understood as the acute angle between the Y-axis and the center axis of the communication hole (H).

[0082] In this way, when at least one connecting hole (H) is formed at an angle toward the openings (O1, O2), the venting gas (VG) discharged from the first venting space (VS1) to the second venting space (VS2) can be guided more quickly and smoothly to the third venting space (VS3), and the backflow of the venting gas (VG) from the second venting space (VS2) into the first venting space (VS1) can be prevented or suppressed more effectively.

[0083]

[0084] Meanwhile, among the areas where multiple communication holes (H) are arranged, an area relatively far from the openings (O1, O2) of the third venting space (VS3) may be referred to as the first area (A1), and an area relatively close to the openings (O1, O2) of the third venting space (VS3) may be referred to as the second area (A2).

[0085] At this time, at least one of the communication holes (H) arranged in the first area (A1) may be formed at an angle of inclination of a first angle (a1) toward, for example, the nearby openings (O1, O2). And, at least one of the communication holes (H) arranged in the second area (A2) may be formed at an angle of inclination of a second angle (a2) toward, for example, the nearby openings (O1, O2).

[0086] The first angle (a1) can be formed to be larger than the second angle (a2). The inclination angle of the communication hole (H) can be formed to gradually decrease from the first area (A1) to the second area (A2).

[0087]

[0088] FIG. 6 is a plan view showing an enlarged portion of the interior of a battery pack according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0089] Hereinafter, with reference to FIG. 6, a battery pack (10) according to another embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail. In the battery pack (10) according to another embodiment of the present invention, the size of the communication hole (H) may be formed larger in the area relatively far from the opening (O1, O2) than in the area relatively close to the opening (O1, O2).

[0090] For example, at least one of the communication holes (H) disposed in the first area (A1) may be formed to have an inner diameter of a first diameter (D1). And, at least one of the communication holes (H) disposed in the second area (A2) may be formed to have an inner diameter of, for example, a second diameter (D2). The first diameter (D1) may be larger than the second diameter (D2).

[0091] When the size of the connecting hole (H) is configured as described above, the flow of the venting gas (VG) discharged from the first venting space (VS1) to the second venting space (VS2) can be more smoothly carried out in an area relatively far from the openings (O1, O2). As a result, the venting gas (VG) discharged from the first venting space (VS1) to the second venting space (VS2) can be guided more quickly and smoothly to the third venting space (VS3), and the backflow of the venting gas (VG) from the second venting space (VS2) into the first venting space (VS1) can be more effectively prevented or suppressed.

[0092]

[0093] Meanwhile, the size of the communication hole (H) can be formed to gradually decrease from the first area (A1) to the second area (A2).

[0094]

[0095] FIG. 7 is a plan view showing an enlarged portion of the interior of a battery pack according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0096] Hereinafter, with reference to FIG. 7, a battery pack (10) according to another embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail. In the battery pack (10) according to another embodiment of the present invention, the density of the communication holes (H) may be formed larger in an area relatively far from the openings (O1, O2) than in an area relatively close to the openings (O1, O2). Here, the density of the communication holes (H) can be understood as the number of communication holes (H) per unit area.

[0097] For example, the density of communication holes (H) in the first area (A1) can be formed to be greater than the density of communication holes (H) in the second area (A2). For example, the number of communication holes (H) per unit area arranged in the first area (A1) can be formed to be greater than the number of communication holes (H) per unit area arranged in the second area (A2).

[0098] When the connecting holes (H) are configured as described above, the flow of venting gas (VG) discharged from the first venting space (VS1) to the second venting space (VS2) can be made smoother in an area relatively far from the openings (O1, O2). As a result, the venting gas (VG) discharged from the first venting space (VS1) to the second venting space (VS2) can be guided more quickly and smoothly to the third venting space (VS3), and the backflow of venting gas (VG) from the second venting space (VS2) into the first venting space (VS1) can be prevented or suppressed more effectively.

[0099]

[0100] Meanwhile, the density of the communication holes (H) can be formed to gradually decrease from the first area (A1) to the second area (A2).

[0101]

[0102] FIG. 8 is a drawing showing an enlarged view of the side plate portion of a battery pack (10) according to a modified example of one embodiment of the present invention.

[0103] FIG. 8 (a) shows a cross-sectional perspective view of a side plate portion of a battery pack (10) according to a modified example of an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 8 (b) shows a cross-sectional view of a side plate portion of a battery pack according to a modified example of an embodiment of the present invention viewed from the Z-axis direction.

[0104] Hereinafter, a battery pack (10) according to a modified example of an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIG. 8. In the battery pack (10) according to a modified example of an embodiment of the present invention, a guide portion (211d) may be provided in at least one communication hole (H).

[0105] The guide portion (211d) may protrude so as to guide the flow direction of the venting gas (VG) discharged into the second venting space (VS2) in a specific direction. For example, the guide portion (211d) may be configured to protrude so as to guide the flow direction of the venting gas (VG) discharged from the first venting space (VS1) to the second venting space (VS2) toward the openings (O1, O2) of the third venting space (VS3).

[0106] The guide portion (211d) may be provided in a wing shape. The guide portion (211d) may be provided in a plate-shaped wing shape, for example, as shown in FIG. 8. The guide portion (211d) may be configured to cover at least a portion of the surrounding area of ​​the communication hole (H).

[0107] The guide portion (211d) may be provided on only one side of the surrounding area of ​​the communication hole (H).

[0108] The guide portion (211d) may be provided only in the communication hole (H) located in an area relatively far from the openings (O1, O2). For example, the guide portion (211d) may be provided only in the communication hole (H) located in the aforementioned first area (A1), but not in the communication hole (H) located in the aforementioned second area (A2).

[0109] The guide portion (211d) may protrude at an angle toward the opening (O1, O2) of the third venting space (VS3). The guide portion (211d) may protrude at an angle more in an area relatively far from the opening (O1, O2) than in an area relatively close to the opening (O1, O2). For example, the angle of inclination of the guide portion (211d) in the first area (A1) may be greater than the angle of inclination of the guide portion (211d) in the second area (A2) (where the angle of inclination can be understood as the same as the angle of inclination described above).

[0110] When a guide part (211d) as described above is provided in at least one communication hole (H), the venting gas (VG) discharged from the first venting space (VS1) to the second venting space (VS2) can be guided more quickly and smoothly to the third venting space (VS3), and the backflow of the venting gas (VG) from the second venting space (VS2) into the first venting space (VS1) can be more effectively prevented or suppressed.

[0111]

[0112] The guide portion (211d) may have a shape corresponding to the communication hole (H). For example, as shown in FIG. 8, when the communication hole (H) is provided in a semicircular shape, the guide portion (211d) may have a semicircular shape corresponding to the communication hole (H).

[0113] The guide portion (211d) may extend from the communication hole (H). The guide portion (211d) may extend from the communication hole (H) toward the second venting space (VS2). For example, the guide portion (211d) may be provided in a form that extends toward the second venting space (VS2) from at least a portion of the inner circumference of the communication hole (H).

[0114] When the guide portion (211d) is configured as described above, when a communication hole (H) is formed by processing a predetermined plate-shaped member (e.g., the side plate portion (211c) described later), the guide portion (211d) can also be formed simultaneously, thereby improving the productivity of the battery pack (10). In addition, since the guide portion (211d) can be positioned closest to the communication hole (H), the venting gas (VG) can be effectively guided.

[0115]

[0116] Meanwhile, the guide portion (211d) may be provided integrally with the side plate portion (211c) described later.

[0117]

[0118] Again, referring to FIGS. 5 to 7, the openings (O1, O2) include a first opening (O1) and a second opening (O2), and a plurality of communication holes (H) may be provided symmetrically.

[0119] According to one embodiment, the openings (O1, O2) may include a first opening (O1) formed at one end of the third venting space (VS3) and a second opening (O2) formed at the other end of the third venting space (VS3). For example, based on the drawing, the first opening (O1) may be formed at the -X direction side end of the third venting space (VS3), and the second opening (O2) may be formed at the +X direction side end of the third venting space (VS3).

[0120] Additionally, a plurality of communication holes (H) may be provided symmetrically toward the first opening (O1) and the second opening (O2). For example, a plurality of communication holes (H) may be arranged or formed symmetrically toward the first opening (O1) and the second opening (O2). A plurality of communication holes (H) may be provided symmetrically in the X-axis direction with respect to the center line (M) described later, for example.

[0121] In FIGS. 5 to 7, a center line (M) is illustrated for convenience of explanation. The center line (M) can be understood as an imaginary line passing through the center of the first opening (O1) and the second opening (O2). For example, the center line (M) can be understood as an imaginary line passing through the center of the first opening (O1) and the second opening (O2) in the X-axis direction and parallel to the Y-axis direction. The center line (M) may pass through the aforementioned first area (A1). The aforementioned second area (A2) may be an area spaced apart from this first area (A1) in the -X direction and the +X direction.

[0122] When the openings (O1, O2) include the first opening (O1) and the second opening (O2) as described above, the third venting space (VS3) can be connected to the second venting space (VS2) on both sides, so that the venting gas (VG) flowing in the second venting space (VS2) can be discharged more smoothly into the third venting space (VS3). Furthermore, when a plurality of connecting holes (H) are provided symmetrically toward the first opening (O1) and the second opening (O2) as described above, the flow of the venting gas (VG) discharged from the first venting space (VS1) to the second venting space (VS2) can be uniformly distributed to the first opening (O1) and the second opening (O2) of the third venting space (VS3), respectively.

[0123]

[0124] Referring again to FIGS. 2 and FIGS. 3, the bottom frame (210) may be positioned at the bottom of the cell assembly (100). In this case, a first venting space (VS1) is provided at the bottom of the cell assembly (100) so that the venting gas (VG) can be discharged in a downward direction, and the battery pack (10) may be configured with a bottom venting structure.

[0125] In the case of a vehicle equipped with a battery pack (10), a passenger, such as a driver, is generally positioned above the battery cells (110). If venting gas (VG) is discharged upwards from the battery cells (110) due to a thermal event, it can pose a significant risk to the passenger's safety. Therefore, as in the present invention, if the battery pack (10) is configured with a lower venting structure, the discharge of venting gas (VG) can be directed downwards, opposite to the passenger, thereby ensuring the passenger's safety.

[0126]

[0127] Referring again to FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, the battery pack (10) according to the present invention may further include a venting device (300). The venting device (300) may connect the third venting space (VS3) and the outside of the battery pack (10) to each other. The venting device (300) may be configured so that the venting gas (VG) flowing in the third venting space (VS3) can be discharged to the outside.

[0128] The venting device (300) can be placed inside the third venting space (VS3).

[0129] The venting device (300) may be in the form of a simple hole that penetrates at least a portion of the bottom frame (210). Alternatively, it may be configured not only to be completely open, but also to be closed under normal conditions and open when a change in pressure or temperature occurs inside the third venting space (VS3).

[0130] In this way, when the battery pack (10) further includes a venting device (300), there is an advantage that the venting gas (VG) flowing in the third venting space (VS3) can be smoothly discharged to the outside of the battery pack (10).

[0131]

[0132] Meanwhile, the venting device (300) may be provided on the outer frame (212) described later, inside the routing frame (213) described later.

[0133]

[0134] Again, referring to FIG. 2, the first venting space (VS1) can be extended. According to one embodiment, the first venting space (VS1) can be extended in a direction parallel to the stacking direction of a plurality of battery cells (110).

[0135] For example, if the stacking direction of a plurality of battery cells (110) is the X-axis direction, the first venting space (VS1) may be formed by extending long in the X-axis direction. The first venting space (VS1) may extend to or beyond the battery cells (110) placed at the outermost sides of the cell assembly (100).

[0136] When the first venting space (VS1) is extended as described above, multiple battery cells (110) can all be accommodated in a single first venting space (VS1).

[0137]

[0138] Meanwhile, in the battery pack (10), a plurality of cell assemblies (100) may be stacked and arranged together, and a first venting space (VS1) may be extended in a direction parallel to the stacking direction of the plurality of cell assemblies (100). In this case, a plurality of cell assemblies (100) may correspond to a single first venting space (VS1).

[0139]

[0140] FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional perspective view showing a bottom frame (210) of a battery pack according to one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing the bottom frame of FIG. 9 disassembled.

[0141] Referring to FIGS. 2 to 4, FIGS. 9 and FIGS. 10, the bottom frame (210) may be equipped with an inner frame (211), an outer frame (212), and a routing frame (213).

[0142] The inner frame (211) may be placed on one side of the cell assembly (100). For example, the inner frame (211) may be placed on the lower part of the cell assembly (100).

[0143] The outer frame (212) may be positioned on one side of the inner frame (211). For example, the outer frame (212) may be positioned at the bottom of the inner frame (211). The outer frame (212) may be positioned on the outside of the inner frame (211).

[0144] The routing frame (213) may be positioned between the inner frame (211) and the outer frame (212). For example, the outer frame (212), the routing frame (213), and the inner frame (211) may be positioned sequentially in an upward direction.

[0145] The first venting space (VS1) can be formed between the cell assembly (100) and the inner frame (211). For example, a part of the inner frame (211) may be spaced downward from the cell assembly (100), and the first venting space (VS1) may be formed in the gap thus spaced vertically.

[0146] The second venting space (VS2) can be formed between the inner frame (211) and the outer frame (212). For example, the outer frame (212) may be spaced downward from another part of the inner frame (211), and the second venting space (VS2) may be formed in the gap thus spaced vertically.

[0147] The third venting space (VS3) may be formed inside the routing frame (213). For example, when viewed from the Z-axis direction, the routing frame (213) may be positioned approximately in the center of the second venting space (VS2), and the third venting space (VS3) may be formed inside this routing frame (213).

[0148] When the bottom frame (210) is configured as described above, the first venting space (VS1), the second venting space (VS2), and the third venting space (VS3) can be easily and reliably formed in the bottom frame (210). Additionally, the rigidity of the bottom frame (210) is increased, thereby improving the structural stability of the battery pack (10).

[0149]

[0150] Meanwhile, the routing frame (213) may have an open bottom and an outer frame (212) may be positioned at the bottom of the routing frame (213) to form a third venting space (VS3) between the routing frame (213) and the outer frame (212).

[0151] The routing frame (213) may be provided in a form that is extended in the X-axis direction. In this case, as shown in FIG. 4, the venting gas (VG) discharged from the first venting space (VS1) to the second venting space (VS2) may be guided in the X-axis direction by striking the routing frame (213) and then flow into the third venting space (VS3) through the openings (O1, O2).

[0152] A single routing frame (213) may be provided corresponding to only one cell assembly (100) or may be provided corresponding to multiple cell assemblies. For example, when the routing frame (213) is provided in the form shown in FIGS. 9 and FIGS. 10, four cell assemblies (100) may be provided corresponding to one routing frame (213). FIGS. 4 through 7 are illustrated as if one routing frame (213) is provided corresponding to one cell assembly for convenience of explanation.

[0153] The venting device (300) may be provided on the outer frame (212) in the approximately central part of the inner side of the routing frame (213).

[0154]

[0155] Referring to FIGS. 2 to 4, FIGS. 9 and FIGS. 10, the inner frame (211) may have a side plate portion (211c).

[0156] The side plate portion (211c) can partition the first venting space (VS1) and the second venting space (VS2). The side plate portion (211c) can be provided as a plate-shaped member having a predetermined thickness.

[0157] When the inner frame (211) is provided with a side plate (211c), the first venting space (VS1) and the second venting space (VS2) can be clearly separated.

[0158] Multiple communication holes (H) may be formed by perforating the side plate portion (211c). For example, multiple communication holes (H) may be formed by perforating the side plate portion (211c) provided as a predetermined plate-shaped member.

[0159] When a plurality of communication holes (H) are formed as described above, the plurality of communication holes (H) can be more easily provided in the bottom frame (210), thereby improving the productivity of the battery pack (10).

[0160]

[0161] Meanwhile, during the perforation process, if the perforation is performed in a direction different from the thickness direction of the side plate (211c), the connecting hole (H) may be formed to have an inclined angle.

[0162]

[0163] Meanwhile, the inner frame (211) may be provided with a first bottom portion (211a) and a second bottom portion (211b). A first venting space (VS1) may be formed in the first bottom portion (211a). The first bottom portion (211a) may be a part of the inner frame (211) spaced downward from the cell assembly (100) so that the first venting space (VS1) is formed. The first bottom portion (211a) may be provided in a concave shape toward the cell assembly (100). The first bottom portion (211a) may be supported upward by the outer frame (212).

[0164] A second venting space (VS2) may be formed in the second bottom portion (211b). The second bottom portion (211b) may be another part of the inner frame (211) spaced upward from the outer frame (212) so as to form the second venting space (VS2). The second bottom portion (211b) may be provided in a convex shape toward the cell assembly (100). The second bottom portion (211b) may support the cell assembly (100) upward. The second bottom portion (211b) may be supported upward by the routing frame (213).

[0165] The side plate (211c) may be configured to connect the first bottom part (211a) and the second bottom part (211b). The first bottom part (211a) and the second bottom part (211b) may be positioned at different heights. For example, with respect to the Z-axis direction, the first bottom part (211a) may be positioned lower than the second bottom part (211b). The side plate (211c) may be configured to connect the first bottom part (211a) and the second bottom part (211b) positioned at different heights in this manner.

[0166]

[0167] Meanwhile, the bottom frame (210) may further be provided with a cover frame (214). The cover frame (214) may cover one or both ends of the bottom frame (210). For example, the cover frame (214) may cover the X-direction side end of the second bottom portion (211b).

[0168]

[0169] FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing a cell assembly (100) of a battery pack (10) according to one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 12 is a perspective view showing a disassembled view of a vent cover (130) in a cell assembly (100) of a battery pack (10) according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0170] Meanwhile, a battery pack (10) according to one embodiment of the present invention may further include a module case (120) and a vent cover (130), as shown in FIGS. 11 and 12.

[0171] A plurality of battery cells (110) can be accommodated in the module case (120). The module case (120) can form the overall shape of the cell assembly (100). When the cell assembly (100) is equipped with the module case (120), the cell assembly (100) can be composed of a battery module.

[0172] The module case (120) may be provided with a venting hole (VH). The venting hole (VH) may be a hole open toward a first venting space (VS1). The venting hole (VH) may be provided, for example, approximately in the center of the bottom (121) of the module case (120). The venting hole (VH) may be extended along the stacking direction (e.g., X-axis direction) of a plurality of battery cells (110), for example.

[0173] The vent cover (130) can cover the venting hole (VH). The vent cover (130) may be configured to open toward the first venting space (VS1) when a pressure greater than a predetermined size is formed. For example, the vent cover (130) may be provided with an openable / closeable opening / closing part. The opening / closing part may be provided, for example, in the form of a slit-processed cut line. The opening / closing part may be provided, for example, in a form that is easy to break by notching or slit-processing in the form of a dotted line. The opening / closing part may be provided corresponding to each battery cell (110) or each bank, which is a unit grouping the battery cells (110). By the vent cover (130), the venting gas (VG) passing through the venting hole (VH) from the cell assembly (100) can be effectively prevented or suppressed from flowing back into the cell assembly (100) through the venting hole (VH).

[0174] The cell assembly (100) may have at least one partition member (140). The partition member (140) may be disposed on the side of the battery cell (110). The partition member (140) may be provided as one or more of a cooling member capable of cooling the battery cell, or a pad member capable of blocking heat or flame.

[0175]

[0176] Meanwhile, referring again to FIGS. 1 and 2, the battery pack (10) according to the present invention may further include a side wall frame (220), a partition frame (230), and a pack lid (240). The side wall frame (220) surrounds the bottom frame (210) and can form a receiving space capable of accommodating at least one cell assembly (100) together with the bottom frame (210). The partition frame (230) can partition the receiving space, and a plurality of cell assemblies (100) can be correspondingly accommodated in each partitioned receiving space. The pack lid (240) may be provided to cover the receiving space and may be provided to cover the upper part of the receiving space. The bottom frame (210), the side wall frame (220), the partition frame (230), and the pack lid (240) may be collectively referred to as a pack case (200).

[0177]

[0178] Meanwhile, the battery pack (10) according to the present invention may further include various devices for controlling the charging and discharging of battery cells (110), such as a Battery Management System (BMS), a current sensor, a fuse, etc., although not shown.

[0179]

[0180] In the above description, examples of a battery pack (10) according to the present invention have been explained. The technical concept of the present invention is not limited to these examples, and may also include any combination of two or more of them.

[0181]

[0182] FIG. 13 is a drawing showing a vehicle according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0183] Referring to FIG. 13 below, a battery pack (10) according to the present invention can be applied to a vehicle (V), such as an electric vehicle or a hybrid vehicle. For example, a vehicle (V) according to the present invention may include a battery pack (10) according to the present invention. The battery pack (10) may be installed in a vehicle body frame or trunk space under the vehicle seat. Furthermore, a vehicle (V) according to one embodiment of the present invention may include various other components included in the vehicle in addition to the battery pack (10). For example, a vehicle (V) according to one embodiment of the present invention may include, in addition to the battery pack (10) according to one embodiment of the present invention, a vehicle body, a motor, a control device such as an ECU (electronic control unit), etc.

[0184] In addition, it is obvious that the battery pack (10) according to one embodiment of the present invention may also be provided in other devices, mechanisms, and facilities, such as an energy storage system using a secondary battery, in addition to a vehicle (V).

[0185]

[0186] In this specification, terms indicating directions such as up, down, left, right, front, and back have been used; however, these terms are used merely for convenience of explanation, and it is obvious to those skilled in the art that they may vary depending on the location of the object or the position of the observer.

[0187] As described above, although the present invention has been explained by limited embodiments and drawings, the present invention is not limited thereto, and it is obvious that various modifications and variations are possible within the scope of the technical spirit of the present invention and the equivalent scope of the claims described below by those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs.

[0188]

[0189] [Explanation of the symbol]

[0190] 10: Battery pack

[0191] 100 : Cell Assembly

[0192] 110: Battery cell

[0193] 120 : Modular case

[0194] 121 : Low

[0195] 130 : Vent cover

[0196] 131 : Opening / closing part

[0197] 140 : Bulkhead member

[0198] 200 : Pack case

[0199] 210 : Bottom frame

[0200] 211 : Inner Frame

[0201] 211a : First bottom part

[0202] 211b : Second bottom part

[0203] 211c : Side panel

[0204] 211d : Guide section

[0205] 212 : Outer Frame

[0206] 213: Routing Frame

[0207] 214 : Cover Frame

[0208] 220 : Sidewall frame

[0209] 230 : Partition Frame

[0210] 240: Pack Lead

[0211] 300 : Venting device

[0212] H: Chimney hole

[0213] O1 : First opening

[0214] O2: Second opening

[0215] VG: Venting gas

[0216] VH : Venting hole

[0217] VS1: 1st venting space

[0218] VS2 : Second venting space

[0219] VS3 : 3rd venting space

[0220] V : Car

Claims

1. A battery pack comprising a cell assembly having a plurality of battery cells, and a bottom frame disposed on one side of the cell assembly, In the above bottom frame, A first venting space exposed to the cell assembly, a second venting space communicating with the first venting space through a plurality of communication holes, and a third venting space communicating with the second venting space through at least one opening are provided. The plurality of the above communication holes are, A battery pack configured to guide the flow direction of the venting gas discharged into the second venting space toward the opening.

2. In Paragraph 1, At least one of the above-mentioned communication holes is, A battery pack formed at an angle toward the above-mentioned opening.

3. In Paragraph 1, The size of the above communication hole is, A battery pack formed larger in an area relatively far from the opening than in an area relatively close to the opening.

4. In Paragraph 1, The density of the above communication holes is, A battery pack formed larger in an area relatively far from the opening than in an area relatively close to the opening.

5. In Paragraph 1, In at least one of the above communication holes, A battery pack having a guide portion protruding to guide the flow direction of the venting gas discharged into the second venting space toward the opening.

6. In Paragraph 5, The above guide part is, A battery pack having a shape corresponding to the above communication hole and extending from the above communication hole toward the second venting space.

7. In Paragraph 1, The above opening is, It includes a first opening formed at one end of the third venting space and a second opening formed at the other end, and The plurality of the above communication holes are, A battery pack symmetrically provided toward the first opening and the second opening.

8. In Paragraph 1, The above bottom frame is, A battery pack positioned at the bottom of the cell assembly.

9. In Paragraph 1, A battery pack further comprising a venting device capable of communicating the third venting space and the outside of the battery pack with each other.

10. In Paragraph 1, In the cell assembly above, A plurality of the above battery cells are stacked and arranged together, The above-mentioned first venting space is, A battery pack that extends in a direction parallel to the stacking direction of a plurality of the battery cells.

11. In Paragraph 1, The above bottom frame is, An inner frame disposed on one side of the above cell assembly; An outer frame disposed on one side of the inner frame; and A routing frame disposed between the inner frame and the outer frame is provided, The above-mentioned first venting space is, It is formed between the cell assembly and the inner frame, and The above second venting space is, It is formed between the inner frame and the outer frame, and The above third venting space is, A battery pack formed on the inner side of the above routing frame.

12. In Paragraph 11, The inner frame mentioned above is, It is provided with a side plate portion that partitions the first venting space and the second venting space, and The plurality of the above communication holes are, A battery pack formed by perforating the above-mentioned side plate.

13. An automobile characterized by including at least one battery pack according to any one of claims 1 to 12.

Images