Non-petrochemical biopolymers for rheology modification

Abstract

Provided herein are biopolymers comprising repeating polysaccharide units, preparations of biopolymers, and topical compositions comprising biopolymers, as well as methods of use.

Description

Non-Petrochemical Biopolymers for Rheology ModificationCross-Reference to Related Applications

[0001] This application claims the benefit of priority of US Provisional Application No.63 / 715,560, filed November 2, 2024, which is incorporated by reference herein in its entirety for any purpose.FIELD

[0002] Provided herein are biopolymers comprising repeating polysaccharide units, preparations of biopolymers, microbial strains for producing biopolymers, methods of making biopolymers, and topical compositions comprising biopolymers, as well as methods of use.BACKGROUND

[0003] Synthetic ingredients derived from petrochemicals are used extensively in the personal care industry for rheology modification because they can have attractive sensory properties and are compatible with a range of formulations used in personal care products.Petrochemicals such as PEG, polyvinyl alcohol, parabens, mineral oil, petroleum jelly, polyacrylate, and isopropyl alcohol are commonly found in nearly all personal care products, from lotions to shampoos. Some petrochemicals are classified as microplastics. Although these ingredients contribute useful functions and properties to the end products, there has recently been a significant focus on their potential harmful impacts as they enter and persist in the environment. Several of these petrochemical ingredients have been shown to accumulate in rivers, waterways, and oceans, and can persist due to poor biodegradability. While some appear to be relatively inert to fish, wildlife, and humans, others can reenter the food chain and have well-documented negative health effects.

[0004] Carbomer, a class of crosslinked polyacrylic acid, is a common rheology modifier, or thickener, that is used in a wide range of personal care products. However, it is listed as a microplastic by the European Chemicals Agency and shows poor biodegradability, persistence in the environment, and its long-term effects to human and animal health are unknown. To counteract growing environmental, health and safety concerns regarding carbomer and other petrochemicals, legislation is currently being enacted to limit their use in personal care products. In the EU, limitations on microplastic use include the Ecodesign for Sustainable Products Regulation (ESPR) and the Urban Wastewater Treatment Directive (UWTD).Specifically, the ESPR requires using sustainable materials to reduce a product's overall environmental impact during its life cycle, and the UWTD proposes that industry producers (including cosmetics companies) pay to treat wastewater streams to remove chemicals considered to be micropollutants that are ingredients in their products. Further, new directives are in place, such as Empowering Consumers for the Green Transition, that require material suppliers to increase transparency regarding the environmental footprint of ingredients.

[0005] While there are fewer restrictions on using synthetic ingredients in the U. S., several states are working to increase ingredient regulation and transparency. In New York, Senate Bill S4265, the "Beauty Justice Act," is intended to regulate chemicals in cosmetics products. In California, committee AB 2214 is tasked with limiting microplastic contamination of the ocean. These regulations in Europe and the U. S. will impact companies with global market share, change the landscape of ingredients that are used, and alter buying and selling patterns of all major beauty and personal care companies.

[0006] Therefore, there is a growing trend in industry to move away from petrochemicals, including microplastics, and to replace them with biodegradable, non-petrochemical ingredients in personal care products, without sacrificing any of the desired performance of the products customers use.

[0007] There are non-petrochemical biopolymer ingredients commonly used in personal care that can in principle be used for rheology modification in place of carbomer, but all have limitations that detract from their suitability in personal care products. Xanthan gum is produced by the bacterium Xanthomonas campestris and provides thickening and stabilization properties to a variety of personal care products. However, its value as a true replacement for carbomer is limited by its textural properties of "stickiness" and "tackiness," which are undesirable in personal care products. Xanthan gum also shows lot to lot variability and performance differences, which can make final formulation unreliable and lead to variability in product specifications. Even small changes in product specifications can trigger a need for inclusion level adjustments or impact processes for product manufacturing, which in turn drive higher costs for formulators and consumer care companies. Another drawback to xanthan gum is its incompatibility with many formulations. Xanthan gum is an anionic polymer, due to the presence of glucuronic acid in the polysaccharide side chain. Because of this negative charge, xanthan gum is incompatible with personal care ingredients with high ionic strengths, particularly surfactants and polymers that are cationic. Therefore, xanthan gum is not asuitable non-petrochemical polymer alternative to petrochemical rheology modifiers such as carbomer and related synthetic polymers.

[0008] Another biopolymer ingredient that has been used for rheology modification in personal care is scleroglucan, or sclerotium gum, produced by the filamentous fungus Sclerotium rolfsii or related species. Scleroglucan is an uncharged biopolymer, and it reportedly has wide pH- and osmocompatibility, as well as temperature stability benefits. However, it is unclear how amenable it is to formulation - it can impart stickiness and tackiness in final formulation and is often sold as a blended product with xanthan gum. Therefore, it is not suitable as a true replacement for xanthan gum and even less for synthetic polymers such as carbomer. In addition, scleroglucan has other drawbacks that limit its broader use, including production challenges. Large scale manufacturing of scleroglucan is complex, likely due to low product yields and challenges in separating the product from its filamentous fungal production host. The costs associated with scleroglucan production render the final price point high relative to either carbomer or xanthan gum, making it unattractive as a petrochemical replacement.

[0009] Therefore, there is a substantial unmet need for an uncharged, non-petrochemical, biopolymer, derived from natural feedstocks, that is biodegradable, sustainable, scalable, highly compatible with a broad range of ingredients and product formulations, and provides alternative or improved performance over carbomer and incumbent biopolymer ingredients.SUMMARY

[0010] The present disclosure provides uncharged carbohydrate biopolymers produced by fermentation that are rheology modifiers and provide performance benefits and advantaged functionality over petrochemical rheology modifiers such as carbomer, making them ideal replacements in personal care products. The biopolymers of the present disclosure also have attributes that provide advantages relative to existing non-petrochemical polymers (e.g. xanthan gum and scleroglucan). The biopolymers of the present disclosure are ideal as rheology modifiers and are highly compatible with a broad range of personal care ingredients. Biopolymers of the present disclosure are particularly suited to personal care applications, including skin care products (which includes cosmetic products) and hair care products.

[0011] Embodiment 1. A biopolymer composed of repeating units of structure I:wherein adjacent units are covalently linked by the bond indicated as —.

[0012] Embodiment 2. The biopolymer of embodiment 1, wherein less than 10%, less than 9%, less than 8%, less than 7%, less than 6%, less than 5%, less than 4%, less than 3%, less than 2%, or less than 1% of the units of structure I comprise an acetyl moiety.

[0013] Embodiment 3. The biopolymer of embodiment 1 or embodiment 2, wherein less than 10%, less than 9%, less than 8%, less than 7%, less than 6%, less than 5%, less than 4%, less than 3%, less than 2%, or less than 1% of the units of structure I comprise a succinyl moiety.

[0014] Embodiment 4. The biopolymer of any one of embodiments 1-3, wherein wherein less than 10%, less than 9%, less than 8%, less than 7%, less than 6%, less than 5%, less than 4%, less than 3%, less than 2%, or less than 1% of the units of structure I comprise a pyruvyl moiety.

[0015] Embodiment 5. The biopolymer of any one of embodiments 1-4, wherein the biopolymer has an average molecular weight of >100 kDa, >200 kDa, >300 kDa, >400 kDa, >500 kDa, >600 kDa, >700 kDa, >800 kDa, >900 kDa, or >1,000 kDa.

[0016] Embodiment 6. The biopolymer of any one of embodiments 1-5, wherein the biopolymer has an average molecular weight between 100 and 5,000 kDa, between 500 and 5,000 kDa, between 500 and 3,000 kDa, or between 500 and 2,000 kDa.

[0017] Embodiment 7. The biopolymer of any one of embodiments 1-6, wherein the biopolymer is produced by and / or secreted by a Sinorhizobium bacterium.

[0018] Embodiment 8. The biopolymer of embodiment 7, wherein the Sinorhizobium bacterium is Sinorhizobium meliloti.

[0019] Embodiment 9. The biopolymer of any one of embodiments 1-8, wherein the viscosity of the biopolymer is at least 10 times higher after heating to 85°C for at least 25 minutes than before heating.

[0020] Embodiment 10. A biopolymer composed of repeating units of structure II:wherein adjacent units are covalently linked by the bond indicated as —.

[0021] Embodiment 11. The biopolymer of embodiment 10, wherein at least 30%, at least 40%, at least 50%, at least 60%, at least 70%, at least 80%, or at least 90% of the units of structure II comprise an acetyl moiety.

[0022] Embodiment 12. The biopolymer of embodiment 10 or embodiment 11, wherein less than 10%, less than 9%, less than 8%, less than 7%, less than 6%, less than 5%, less than 4%, less than 3%, less than 2%, or less than 1% of the units of structure II comprise a succinyl moiety.

[0023] Embodiment 13. The biopolymer of any one of embodiments 10-12, wherein less than 10%, less than 9%, less than 8%, less than 7%, less than 6%, less than 5%, less than 4%, less than 3%, less than 2%, or less than 1% of the units of structure II comprise a pyruvyl moiety.

[0024] Embodiment 14. The biopolymer of any one of embodiments 10-13, wherein the biopolymer has an average molecular weight of >100 kDa, >200 kDa, >300 kDa, >400 kDa, >500 kDa, >600 kDa, >700 kDa, >800 kDa, >900 kDa, or >1,000 kDa.

[0025] Embodiment 15. The biopolymer of any one of embodiments 10-14, wherein the biopolymer has an average molecular weight between 100 and 5,000 kDa, between 500 and 5,000 kDa, between 500 and 3,000 kDa, or between 500 and 2,000 kDa.

[0026] Embodiment 16. The biopolymer of any one of embodiments 10-15, wherein the biopolymer is produced by and / or secreted by a Sinorhizobium bacterium.

[0027] Embodiment 17. The biopolymer of embodiment 16, wherein the Sinorhizobium bacterium is Sinorhizobium meliloti.

[0028] Embodiment 18. The biopolymer of any one of embodiments 10-17, wherein the viscosity of the biopolymer is at least 100 times higher after heating to 85°C for at least 25 minutes than before heating.

[0029] Embodiment 19. An engineered bacterium that produces the biopolymer of any one of embodiments 1-9.

[0030] Embodiment 20. The engineered bacterium of embodiment 19, wherein the bacterium comprises a mutation in exoH, a mutation in exoZ, and a mutation in exoV.

[0031] Embodiment 21. An engineered bacterium, wherein the bacterium comprises a mutation in exoH, a mutation in exoZ, and a mutation in exoV.

[0032] Embodiment 22. The engineered bacterium of embodiment 20 or embodiment 21, wherein each mutation is a null mutation.

[0033] Embodiment 23. The engineered bacterium of any one of embodiments 20-22, wherein each mutation is a deletion of at least a portion of the gene.

[0034] Embodiment 24. The engineered bacterium of any one of embodiments 20-23, wherein each mutation results in a loss of function or loss of activity of the gene or gene product.

[0035] Embodiment 25. The engineered bacterium of any one of embodiments 20-24, wherein the bacterium has been engineered to overexpress ExoT.

[0036] Embodiment 26. The engineered bacterium of any one of embodiments 20-25, wherein the bacterium comprises a plasmid that expresses ExoT.

[0037] Embodiment 27. The engineered bacterium of any one of embodiments 20-26, wherein the bacterium has been engineered to overexpress ExoT and ExoQ.

[0038] Embodiment 28. The engineered bacterium of any one of embodiments 20-27, wherein the bacterium comprises a plasmid that expresses ExoT and ExoQ.

[0039] Embodiment 29. An engineered bacterium that produces the biopolymer of any one of embodiments 10-18.

[0040] Embodiment 30. The engineered bacterium of embodiment 29, wherein the bacterium comprises a mutation in exoH and a mutation in exoV.

[0041] Embodiment 31. An engineered bacterium, wherein the bacterium comprises a mutation in exoH and a mutation in exoV.

[0042] Embodiment 32. The engineered bacterium of embodiment 30 or embodiment 31, wherein each mutation is a null mutation.

[0043] Embodiment 33. The engineered bacterium of any one of embodiments 30-32, wherein each mutation is a deletion of at least a portion of the gene.

[0044] Embodiment 34. The engineered bacterium of any one of embodiments 30-33, wherein each mutation results in a loss of function or loss of activity of the gene or gene product.

[0045] Embodiment 35. The engineered bacterium of any one of embodiments 30-34, wherein the bacterium has been engineered to overexpress ExoT.

[0046] Embodiment 36. The engineered bacterium of any one of embodiments 30-35, wherein the bacterium comprises a plasmid that expresses ExoT.

[0047] Embodiment 37. The engineered bacterium of any one of embodiments 30-36, wherein the bacterium has been engineered to overexpress ExoT and ExoQ.

[0048] Embodiment 38. The engineered bacterium of any one of embodiments 30-36, wherein the bacterium comprises a plasmid that expresses ExoT and ExoQ.

[0049] Embodiment 39. The engineered bacterium of any one of embodiments 30-38, wherein the bacterium is a Sinorhizobium species.

[0050] Embodiment 40. The engineered bacterium of any one of embodiments 30-39, wherein the bacterium is Sinorhizobium meliloti.

[0051] Embodiment 41. The engineered bacterium that produces the biopolymer of any one of embodiments 1-9, wherein the bacterium is chosen from an Agrobacterium species or a Pseudomonas species.

[0052] Embodiment 42. The engineered bacterium of embodiment 41, wherein the bacterium comprises a mutation in exoH and a mutation in exoV.

[0053] Embodiment 43. An engineered bacterium chosen from an Agrobacterium species and a Pseudomonas species, wherein the bacterium comprises a mutation in exoH and a mutation in exoV.

[0054] Embodiment 44. The engineered bacterium of embodiment 42 or 43, wherein each mutation is a null mutation.

[0055] Embodiment 45. The engineered bacterium of any one of embodiments 41-44, wherein each mutation is a deletion of at least a portion of the gene.

[0056] Embodiment 46. The engineered bacterium of any one of embodiments 41-45, wherein each mutation results in a loss of function or loss of activity of the gene or gene product.

[0057] Embodiment 47. The engineered bacterium of any one of embodiments 41-46, wherein the bacterium has been engineered to overexpress ExoT.

[0058] Embodiment 48. The engineered bacterium of any one of embodiments 41-47, wherein the bacterium comprises a plasmid that expresses ExoT.

[0059] Embodiment 49. The engineered bacterium of any one of embodiments 41-48, wherein the bacterium has been engineered to overexpress ExoT and ExoQ.

[0060] Embodiment 50. The engineered bacterium of any one of embodiments 41-49, wherein the bacterium comprises a plasmid that expresses ExoT and ExoQ.

[0061] Embodiment 51. The engineered bacterium of any one of embodiments 41-50, wherein the bacterium is an Agrobacterium species.

[0062] Embodiment 52. The engineered bacterium of any one of embodiments 41-50, wherein the bacterium is a Pseudomonas species.

[0063] Embodiment 53. The engineered bacterium that produces the biopolymer of any one of embodiments 10-18, wherein the bacterium is chosen from an Agrobacterium species and a Pseudomonas species, and wherein the bacterium comprises a plasmid that expresses ExoZ.

[0064] Embodiment 54. The engineered bacterium of embodiment 53 wherein the bacterium comprises a mutation in exoH and a mutation in exoV.

[0065] Embodiment 55. An engineered bacterium chosen from an Agrobacterium species and a Pseudomonas species, wherein the bacterium comprises a plasmid that expresses ExoZ, and comprises a mutation in exoH and a mutation in exoV.

[0066] Embodiment 56. The engineered bacterium of embodiment 54 or embodiment 55, wherein each mutation is a null mutation.

[0067] Embodiment 57. The engineered bacterium of any one of embodiments 54-56, wherein each mutation is a deletion of at least a portion of the gene.

[0068] Embodiment 58. The engineered bacterium of any one of embodiments 54-56, wherein each mutation results in a loss of function or loss of activity of the gene or gene product.

[0069] Embodiment 59. The engineered bacterium of any one of embodiments 53-58, wherein the bacterium has been engineered to overexpress ExoT.

[0070] Embodiment 60. The engineered bacterium of any one of embodiments 53-59, wherein the bacterium comprises a plasmid that expresses ExoT.

[0071] Embodiment 61. The engineered bacterium of any one of embodiments 53-60, wherein the bacterium has been engineered to overexpress ExoT and ExoQ.

[0072] Embodiment 62. The engineered bacterium of any one of embodiments 53-61, wherein the bacterium comprises a plasmid that expresses ExoT and ExoQ.

[0073] Embodiment 63. The engineered bacterium of any one of embodiments 53-62, wherein the bacterium is an Agrobacterium species.

[0074] Embodiment 64. The engineered bacterium of any one of embodiments 53-62, wherein the bacterium is a Pseudomonas species.

[0075] Embodiment 65. A biopolymer produced by the engineered bacterium of any one of embodiments 19-64.

[0076] Embodiment 66. A biopolymer produced by a method comprising culturing the engineered bacterium of any one of embodiments 19-64 under conditions suitable for producing the biopolymer.

[0077] Embodiment 67. A composition comprising the biopolymer of any one of embodiments 1-18, 65, or 66.

[0078] Embodiment 68. The composition of embodiment 67, wherein the composition comprises 0.01% w / w to 10% w / w of the biopolymer.

[0079] Embodiment 69. The composition of embodiment 67, wherein the composition comprises 0.01% w / w to 5% w / w of the biopolymer.

[0080] Embodiment 70. The composition of embodiment 67, wherein the composition comprises 0.01% w / w to 2% w / w of the biopolymer.

[0081] Embodiment 71. The composition of embodiment 67, wherein the composition comprises 0.1% w / w to 2% w / w of the biopolymer.

[0082] Embodiment 72. The composition of any one of embodiments 67-71, which comprises less than 5% w / w, less than 2% w / w, less than 1% w / w, less than 0.1% w / w, less than 0.01% w / w, or is substantially free of succinoglycan-Sm.

[0083] Embodiment 73. The composition of any one of embodiments 67-72, wherein the composition comprises one or more viscosifiers, stabilizers, emulsifiers, emollients, humectancts, rheology modifiers, film formers, antioxidants, additives, actives, butters, essential oils, infused oils, clays, muds, extracts, hydrosol waters, exfoliants, supplements, waxes, thickeners, salts, minerals, acids, bases, carrier and fixed oils, surfactants, preservatives, pearlizers, conditioning agents, structuring agents, whitening agents, moisturizers, osmolytes, occlusives, cleansers, colorants, pigments, fragrances, UV-A and UV-B screens, and / or nourishing agents.

[0084] Embodiment 74. The composition of any one of embodiments 67-73, wherein the composition is a topical composition.

[0085] Embodiment 75. The composition of any one of embodiments 67-74, wherein the composition is a cream, lotion, gel, serum, emulsion, solution, anhydrous base, milk, paste,aerosol, solid form, jelly, ointment, balm, tincture, liniment, shampoo, soap, conditioner, sunscreen, rinse, deodorant, or cosmetic.

[0086] Embodiment 76. The composition of any one of embodiments 67-75, wherein the composition comprises one or more cationic ingredients, optionally wherein at least one of the one or more cationic ingredients is a cationic polymer.

[0087] Embodiment 77. The composition of embodiment 76, wherein the composition comprises one or more cationic polymers or detergents, optionally wherein the one or more cationic polymers is a conditioner and / or a surfactant.

[0088] Embodiment 78. The composition of any one of embodiments 67-77, wherein the composition does not comprise a petrochemical thickener, including optionally wherein the composition does not comprise a microplastic.

[0089] Embodiment 79. The composition of any one of embodiments 67-78, wherein the composition does not comprise a carbomer, sodium acrylate, sodium methacrylate, polyacrylamide, polyquaternium, polyethylene glycol (PEG), silicone, polyvinylalcohol (PVA), polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), paraffin wax, and / or mineral oil.

[0090] Embodiment 80. A hair care composition comprising at least one biopolymer of any one of embodiments 1-18, 65, or 66.

[0091] Embodiment 81. The hair care composition of embodiment 80, wherein the composition comprises 0.01% w / w to 10% w / w of the biopolymer.

[0092] Embodiment 82. The hair care composition of embodiment 80, wherein the composition comprises 0.01% w / w to 5% w / w of the biopolymer.

[0093] Embodiment 83. The hair care composition of embodiment 80, wherein the composition comprises 0.01% w / w to 2% w / w of the biopolymer.

[0094] Embodiment 84. The hair care composition of embodiment 80, wherein the composition comprises 0.1% w / w to 2% w / w of the biopolymer.

[0095] Embodiment 85. The hair care composition of any one of embodiments 80-84, which comprises less than 5% w / w, less than 2% w / w, less than 1% w / w, less than 0.1% w / w, less than 0.01% w / w, or is substantially free of succinoglycan-Sm.

[0096] Embodiment 86. The hair care composition of any one of embodiments 80-85, wherein the hair care composition comprises one or more viscosifiers, stabilizers, emulsifiers, emollients, humectancts, rheology modifiers, film formers, antioxidants, additives, actives, butters, essential oils, infused oils, clays, muds, extracts, hydrosol waters, exfoliants, supplements, waxes, thickeners, salts, minerals, acids, bases, carrier and fixed oils, surfactants,preservatives, pearlizers, conditioning agents, structuring agents, whitening agents, moisturizers, osmolytes, occlusives, cleansers, colorants, pigments, fragrances, UV-A and UV-B screens, and / or nourishing agents.

[0097] Embodiment 87. The hair care composition of any one of embodiments 80-86, wherein the hair care composition comprises one or more cationic ingredients.

[0098] Embodiment 88. The hair care composition of embodiment 87, wherein the one or more cationic ingredients is one or more cationic polymer or cationic detergent.

[0099] Embodiment 89. The hair care composition of embodiment 88, wherein the one or more cationic polymer is a conditioner and / or a surfactant.[000100] Embodiment 90. The hair care composition of embodiment 87, wherein the one or more cationic ingredients are chosen from quaternary ammonium compounds, fatty dialkylamines, fatty amidoamines, salts thereof, or mixtures thereof.[000101] Embodiment 91. The hair care composition of any one of embodiments 80-90, wherein the hair care composition is a shampoo, a conditioner, a hair color formulation, a detangler, a hair relaxer, a product with alpha- or beta-hydroxy acids, or a hair fixative.[000102] Embodiment 92. The hair care composition of any one of embodiments 80-91, wherein the composition does not comprise a petrochemical thickener, including optionally wherein the composition does not comprise a microplastic.[000103] Embodiment 93. The hair care composition of any one of embodiments 80-92, wherein the composition does not comprise a carbomer, sodium acrylate, sodium methacrylate, polyacrylamide, polyquaternium, polyethylene glycol (PEG), silicone, polyvinylalcohol (PVA), polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), paraffin wax, and / or mineral oil.[000104] Embodiment 94. A skin care composition comprising the biopolymer of any one of embodiments 1-18, 65, or 66.[000105] Embodiment 95. The skin care composition of embodiment 94, wherein the skin care composition comprises 0.01% w / w to 10% w / w of the biopolymer.[000106] Embodiment 96. The skin care composition of embodiment 94, wherein the skin care composition comprises 0.01% w / w to 5% w / w of the biopolymer.[000107] Embodiment 97. The skin care composition of embodiment 94, wherein the skin care composition comprises 0.01% w / w to 2% w / w of the biopolymer.[000108] Embodiment 98. The skin care composition of embodiment 94, wherein the skin care composition comprises 0.1% w / w to 2% w / w of the biopolymer.[000109] Embodiment 99. The skin care composition of any one of embodiments 94-98, which comprises less than 5% w / w, less than 2% w / w, less than 1% w / w, less than 0.1% w / w, less than 0.01% w / w, or is substantially free of succinoglycan-Sm.[000110] Embodiment 100. The skin care composition of any one of embodiments 94-99, wherein the skin care composition comprises one or more viscosifiers, stabilizers, emulsifiers, emollients, humectancts, rheology modifiers, film formers, antioxidants, additives, actives, butters, essential oils, infused oils, clays, muds, extracts, hydrosol waters, exfoliants, supplements, waxes, thickeners, salts, minerals, acids, bases, carrier and fixed oils, surfactants, preservatives, pearlizers, conditioning agents, structuring agents, whitening agents, moisturizers, osmolytes, occlusives, cleansers, colorants, pigments, fragrances, UV-A and UV-B screens, and / or nourishing agents.[000111] Embodiment 101. The skin care composition of any one of embodiments 94-100, wherein the skin care composition comprises one or more cationic ingredients.[000112] Embodiment 102. The skin care composition of embodiment 101, wherein the one or more cationic ingredients is a cationic polymer or cationic detergent.[000113] Embodiment 103. The skin care composition of embodiment 102, wherein the one or more cationic polymer is a conditioner or surfactant.[000114] Embodiment 104. The skin care composition of embodiment 101, wherein the one or more cationic ingredients are chosen from quaternary ammonium compounds, fatty dialkylamines, fatty amidoamines, salts thereof, and / or mixtures thereof.[000115] Embodiment 105. The skin care composition of any one of embodiments 94- 104, wherein the skin care composition is facial or body lotion, cream, gel, or serum, facial or body cleansing product, anti-acne product, wipe, liquid soap, bar soap, color cosmetic formulation, make-up, foundation, sun care product, sunscreen, and / or tanning formulation.[000116] Embodiment 106. The skin care composition of any one of embodiments 94- 105, wherein the skin care composition does not comprise a petrochemical thickener, including optionally wherein the composition does not comprise a microplastic.[000117] Embodiment 107. The skin care composition of any one of embodiments 94- 106, wherein the skin care composition does not comprise a carbomer, sodium acrylate, sodium methacrylate, polyacrylamide, polyquaternium, polyethylene glycol (PEG), silicone, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), paraffin wax, and / or mineral oil.[000118] Embodiment 108. A method of thickening a topical composition, comprising adding 0.01% w / w to 10% w / w of the biopolymer of any one of embodiments 1-18, 65, or 66 to the topical composition.[000119] Embodiment 109. The method of embodiment 108, wherein the topical composition does not comprise a petrochemical thickener, including optionally wherein the composition does not comprise a microplastic.[000120] Embodiment 110. The method of embodiment 108, wherein the topical composition does not comprise a carbomer, sodium acrylate, sodium methacrylate, polyacrylamide, polyquaternium, polyethylene glycol (PEG), silicone, polyvinylalcohol (PVA), polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), paraffin wax, and / or mineral oil.[000121] Embodiment 111. The method of any one of embodiments 108-110, wherein the topical composition is a hair care composition.[000122] Embodiment 112. The method of any one of embodiments 108-110, wherein the topical composition is a skin care composition.[000123] Embodiment 113. A method of making a topical composition comprising adding the biopolymer of any one of embodiments 1-18, 65, or 66 to the topical composition.[000124] Embodiment 114. The method of embodiment 113, wherein the biopolymer is uncharged.[000125] Embodiment 115. The method of embodiment 113 or 114, wherein 0.01% w / w to 10% w / w biopolymer is added to the topical composition.[000126] Embodiment 116. The method of any one of embodiments 113-115, wherein the composition comprises one or more cationic ingredients.[000127] Embodiment 117. The method of any one of embodiments 113-116, wherein the composition comprises one or more cationic polymers or detergents, optionally wherein one or more cationic polymer is a conditioner or a surfactant.[000128] Embodiment 118. The method of any one of embodiments 113-117, wherein the composition does not comprise a petrochemical thickener, including optionally wherein the composition does not comprise a microplastic.[000129] Embodiment 119. The method of any one of embodiments 113-118, wherein the composition does not comprise a carbomer, sodium acrylate, sodium methacrylate, polyacrylamide, polyquaternium, polyethylene glycol (PEG), silicone, polyvinylalcohol (PVA), polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), paraffin wax, and / or mineral oil.[000130] Embodiment 120. The method of any one of embodiments 113-119, wherein the topical composition is a skin care composition.[000131] Embodiment 121. The method of any one of embodiments 113-119, wherein the topical composition is hair care composition.[000132] Embodiment 122. A method of washing or cleaning hair, comprising applying the biopolymer of any one of embodiments 1-18, 65, or 66 or the composition of any one of embodiments 80-93 to hair.[000133] Embodiment 123. A method of conditioning hair, comprising applying the biopolymer of any one of embodiments 1-18, 65, or 66, or the composition of any one of embodiments 80-93 to hair.[000134] Embodiment 124. A method of washing or cleaning skin, comprising applying the biopolymer of any one of embodiments 1-18, 65, or 66, or the composition of any one of embodiments 94-107 to skin.[000135] Embodiment 125. A method of conditioning or moisturizing skin, comprising applying the biopolymer of any one of embodiments 1-18, 65, or 66, or the composition of any one of embodiments 94-107 to skin.[000136] Embodiment 126. The biopolymer of any one of embodiments 1-18, 65, or 66, or composition of any one of embodiments 67-107 for use in cosmetic, personal care composition, or hair care composition.[000137] Embodiment 127. The biopolymer of any one of embodiments 1-18, 65, or 66, or composition of any one of embodiments 80-93 for use in hair care composition.[000138] Embodiment 128. The biopolymer of any one of embodiments 1-18, 65, or 66, or composition of any one of embodiments 94-107 for use in skin care composition.[000139] Embodiment 129. A biopolymer preparation comprising the biopolymer of any one of embodiments 1-18, 65, or 66.[000140] Embodiment 130. The biopolymer preparation of embodiment 129, wherein the biopolymer preparation is at least 55%, at least 60%, at least 65%, at least 70%, at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, or at least 95% w / w of the biopolymer.[000141] Embodiment 131. The biopolymer preparation of embodiment 129 or 130, wherein the biopolymer preparation is a solid or a powder.[000142] Embodiment 132. The biopolymer preparation of any one of embodiments 129- 131, wherein the biopolymer preparation is a powder.[000143] Embodiment 133. The biopolymer preparation of any one of embodiments 129- 132, wherein the biopolymer preparation is less than 5%, less than 4%, less than 3%, less than 2%, or less than 1% water.[000144] Embodiment 134. The biopolymer preparation of any one of embodiments 129- 133, wherein the biopolymer preparation includes no more than 20%, 18%, 15%, 12%, 10%, 8%, 6%, 5%, 4%, 3%, 2%, or 1% of residual host bacterial cells and / or cell debris.[000145] Embodiment 135. The biopolymer preparation of any one of embodiments 129- 134, wherein the biopolymer preparation is substantially free of deuterium, organic solvents, and / or acid.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS[000146] FIG. 1A-1C. Biopolymer structures. 5. meliloti succinoglycan (also referred to as PAS-Gn or succinoglycan-Sm herein) is a repeating octamer of one galactose and seven glucose residues, with pyruvyl, acetyl, and succinyl modifications (FIG. 1A). N-Gn (structure I) is a repeating octamer of one galactose and seven glucose residues, substantially lacking pyruvyl, acetyl, and succinyl modifications (FIG. IB). A-Gn (structure II) is a repeating octamer of one galactose and seven glucose residues, having acetyl modifications, but substantially lacking pyruvyl and succinyl modifications (FIG. 1C).[000147] FIG. 2A-B. Succinoglycan-Sm biosynthesis overview. FIG. 2A shows how succinoglycan-sm is made in Sinorhizobium meliloti. The schematic shows different cellular compartments (cytoplasm, periplasm) and the extracellular space. The enzymes responsible for the assembly, modification and secretion of succinoglycan-Sm are shown with arrows pointing to the specific portion of the exopolysaccharide that the enzymes act on. The diagram further shows the putative location in the bacterial cell where each step in the synthesis is thought to occur. For steps that have not been proven but are hypothesized, the proposed enzyme responsible for the step is followed by a question mark (e.g., "ExoP?" for the glycan polymerization step occurring in the periplasm). FIG. 2B is a close up of succinoglycan-Sm from FIG. 2A showing the sugars as open hexagons (glucose) and diagonally striped hexagons (galactose) and the different modifications denoted by open circles (acetate), horizontally striped circles (succinate) and diagonally striped circles (pyruvate).[000148] FIG. 3. Images of serial dilutions of calcofluor white (CFW) stained 5. meliloti strains (left panel) and the associated fluorescence intensity for each strain (right panel). CFWfluoresces under UV light when bound to succinoglycan and derivatives of succinoglycan, allowing for detection of Gn secreted from 5. meliloti strains.[000149] FIG. 4A-4C.1H-NMR complete spectra are shown for the structures of biopolymers purified from different 5. meliloti strains as follows: EXS14 (AexoX, PAS-Gn), FIG.4A; IBC142 { exoH exoZ exoV {pExoTQ., N-Gn), FIG. 4B; IBC160 ( exoH exoV (pExoT), A-Gn), FIG. 4C. The1H-NMR spectra were analyzed using reference peak shifts for succinoglycan from published reports.[000150] FIG. 5A-5B. FIG. 5A provides a close up of the indicated portion of the full1H-NMR spectra shown in FIG. 4A-4C, along with positions of each of the side groups as denoted (Succ = succinyl; Ace = acetyl; Pyr = pyruvyl). FIG. 5B shows the full spectra for PAS-Gn, N-Gn, and A-Gn structures, with peak positions of each of the side groups as denoted (Succ = succinyl; Ace = acetyl; Pyr = pyruvyl) when present, measured by1H-NMR conducted under the same conditions as the spectra shown in FIG. 4A-4C, except that the assay was conducted at 80°C rather than at room temperature.[000151] FIG. 6. Rheology measurements of the percent viscosity of a test solution containing PA-Gn (closed triangles), a derivative of succinoglycan which lacks the succinyl modification shown in FIG. 1A, and a reference solution containing Carbomer 981 (closed circles) with increased concentrations of NaCI.[000152] FIG. 7. Photograph of 0.9% (w / w) biopolymer solutions, from left to right: N-Gn, PAS-Gn, A-Gn, and xanthan gum (Xanthan), in water (top row) or representative cationic polymer Polyquaternium-7 (PQ-7) (bottom row).DETAILED DESCRIPTION[000153] Non-petrochemical biopolymers that provide rheology modification and sensory benefits, and are produced by the fermentation of non-pathogenic microbes, are attractive as replacements for carbomer, a petrochemical microplastic ingredient for at least the following reasons. Such non-petrochemical biopolymers can decrease the use of petrochemical compounds that are released into and persist within the environment. Also, these biopolymers can be added to a wide range of personal care products such as face care, body care, hair care, suncare, skin care, including use in moisturizers, cleansers, sunscreen, shampoo, conditioner, cosmetics, and other products applied topically to the body.[000154] The present invention provides compositions and the use of biopolymers based on exopolysaccharides produced by non-pathogenic species of soil bacteria. Provided hereinare biopolymers that have performance benefitsand advantaged functionality over the petrochemical carbomer, making them ideal replacements. They also have attributes that provide advantages relative to existing non-petrochemical polymers (e.g. xanthan gum and scleroglucan). Thus, the biopolymers are ideal for use as rheology modifiers in a wide range of personal care formulations, including skin care (which includes cosmetic compositions) and hair care formulations, and are highly compatible with a broad range of personal care ingredients. In some embodiments, the isolated biopolymers are derived from Rhizobiaceae bacteria, e.g., Sinorhizobium meliloti. In some embodiments, the isolated biopolymers are derived from other bacteria that produce succinoglycans, such as Agrobacterium spp. or Pseudomonas spp.Biopolymers and Biopolymer Preparations[000155] The Rhizobiaceae, a family of soil-dwelling, symbiotic bacteria, have been studied for decades for their ability to provide fixed nitrogen to their leguminous plant hosts, but to date have not been fully exploited as fermentative microorganisms for the production of bio-industrial or personal care, products. These bacteria produce water-soluble exopolysaccharides, or biopolymers, which have roles in both host plant association and biofilm formation. The variety of exopolysaccharides produced by the Rhizobiaceae suggests a breadth of novel biopolymers with new functionalities that could add substantial value to several markets.[000156] Succinoglycan - Sinorhizobium (Ensifer) meliloti produces two acidic exopolysaccharides: succinoglycan (EPS I), and galactoglucan (EPS II) (Barnett 2018).Succinoglycan is the major exopolysaccharide produced by 5. meliloti. The repeating octasaccharide unit of succinoglycan-Sm (FIG. 1) has glucose and galactose in a 7:1 ratio with acetyl, pyruvyl and succinyl modifications (Reuber 1993). The enzymes responsible for succinoglycan-Sm biosynthesis have been identified and the pathway has been almost completely elucidated. As shown in FIG. 2, the repeating unit octasaccharide is assembled on a lipid anchor by the initiating galactosyltransferase ExoY and glucosyltransferases ExoALMOUW (in that order). During synthesis, the acetyl group is added to the third sugar by the acetyltransferase ExoZ, the succinyl group to the seventh sugar by the succinyltransferase ExoH, and the pyruvyl group is added to the eighth sugar by the pyruvyltransferase ExoV. The transport and polymerization of the repeat unit is not well understood, but these steps are believed to be mediated by ExoTPQ, which belong to the Wzx / Wzy class of polysaccharide transporters. Based on homology, ExoT is likely the flippase (Wzx) responsible for translocatingindividual repeating units across the cytoplasmic membrane into the periplasm. ExoQ (Wzy) polymerizes the repeating units into the full-length polymer, while ExoP (Wzz) is thought to be a co-polymerase that controls polymer size distribution through interaction with ExoQ.[000157] Succinoglycan is anionic due to organic acid modifications on a backbone of neutral glucose and galactose sugars. Specific organic acid modifications vary by microbial species of origin. For example Agrobacterium sp. and Pseudomonas sp. produce a succinoglycan variant that contains succinyl and pyruvyl modifications but lacks an acetyl modification that is present in succinoglycan produced by wild type Sinorhizobium species. The present disclosure describes the native production by engineered bacterial strains of biopolymers lacking all the organic acid modifications of wild type succinoglycans that confer charge to the biopolymer (in the absence of any post-fermentation chemical treatment) and host strains capable of producing such biopolymers. Surprisingly, as shown in Examples 7 and 8 below, Applicants have discovered that succinoglycan lacking charged modifications, denoted N-Gn and A-Gn herein, can result in a neutral (uncharged, water-soluble, and / or high viscosity) biopolymer with unexpected properties and exhibit broad compatibility with a range of formulation conditions (e.g., salt concentration, pH) and ingredients such as cationic (positively charged) polymers, and improved rheological and sensory properties, including an unpredictably high degree of heat activation (>10X relative to unheated biopolymer). As a result, such neutral biopolymers are suitable for a wide range of personal care applications. An uncharged biopolymer that provides rheology modification and sensory benefits and has broad compatibility with personal care ingredients is a valuable replacement for carbomer and equivalent petrochemical compounds in personal care applications. Such a biopolymer of the present disclosure provides unexpected benefits and improved performance relative not only to petrochemical compounds but also existing non-petrochemical polymers. Existing non-petrochemical polymers such as xanthan gum have undesirable sensory properties (e.g. tackiness) and do not retain performance in the presence of charged ingredients.[000158] In some embodiments, a biopolymer is provided that is composed of repeating units of structure I:wherein adjacent units are covalently linked by the bond indicated as —.[000159] In some embodiments, less than 10%, less than 9%, less than 8%, less than 7%, less than 6%, less than 5%, less than 4%, less than 3%, less than 2%, or less than 1% of the units of structure I comprise an acetyl moiety, and / or less than 10%, less than 9%, less than 8%, less than 7%, less than 6%, less than 5%, less than 4%, less than 3%, less than 2%, or less than 1% of the units of structure I comprise a succinyl moiety, and / or less than 10%, less than 9%, less than 8%, less than 7%, less than 6%, less than 5%, less than 4%, less than 3%, less than 2%, or less than 1% of the units of structure I comprise a pyruvyl moiety. In some embodiments, <10%, <9%, <8%, <7%, <6%, <5%, <4%, <3%, <2%, <1%, or <0.5% of the units of structure I comprise an acetyl moiety, and / or <10%, <9%, <8%, <7%, <6%, <5%, <4%, <3%, <2%, <1%, or <0.5% of the units of structure I comprise a succinyl moiety, and / or <10%, <9%, <8%, <7%, <6%, <5%, <4%, <3%, <2%, <1%, or <0.5% of the units of structure I comprise a pyruvyl moiety.[000160] In some embodiments, the average molecular weight of the biopolymer is >100 kDa, >200 kDa, >300 kDa, >400 kDa, >500 kDa, >600 kDa, >700 kDa, >800 kDa, >900 kDa, or >1,000 kDa. In some embodiments, the average molecular weight of the biopolymer is between 100 and 5,000 kDa, between 500 and 5,000 kDa, between 500 and 3,000 kDa, or between 500 and 2,000 kDa. In some embodiments, the average molecular weight of the biopolymer is >100 kDa, >200 kDa, >300 kDa, >400 kDa, >500 kDa, >600 kDa, >700 kDa, >800 kDa, >900 kDa, or >1,000 kDa. In some embodiments, the average molecular weight of the biopolymer is 100 to 5,000 kDa, 500 to 5,000 kDa, 500 to 3,000 kDa, or 500 to 2,000 kDa. As is well understood in the art, the terminal monomer units of the biopolymer comprise hydroxyl groups (-OH) at the positions that otherwise form ether bonds (i.e., -O-) between non-terminal monomer units.[000161] In some embodiments, the biopolymer is produced by and / or secreted by a bacterium of the Rhizobiaceae family. In some embodiments, the bacterium is a Sinorhizobium, e.g., a Sinorhizobium meliloti bacterium.[000162] The biopolymers of the present disclosure confer viscosity when added to formulations. Viscosity is measured using techniques known in the art. Viscosity can be determined as a function of shear rate, by using flow sweeps determined on a rheometer. In an exemplary method, viscosity is determined as the zero-shear viscosity and calculated by fitting a flow sweep generated on a rheometer, such as a DHR3 rheometer (TA instruments), to a mathematical model such as the Carreau-Yasuda equation. As shown in the Examples herein, viscosity of the biopolymers of the present disclosure increases upon heating, a property referred to as heat activation. In some embodiments, wherein after heating, the viscosity of the biopolymer is at least 5 times, 6 times, 7 times, 8 times, 9 times, or 10 times higher compared to before heating. In some embodiments, wherein after heating to 85°C for at least 25 minutes, the viscosity of the biopolymer is at least 5 times, 6 times, 7 times, 8 times, 9 times, or 10 times higher compared to before heating. In some embodiments, the viscosity is measured after the biopolymer is heated to a temperature of 75°C, 80°C, 85°C, 90°C, 95°C, or 100°C. In some embodiments, viscosity of the biopolymer is measured after the biopolymer is heated to the indicated temperature for at least 10 minutes, at least 15 minutes, at least 20 minutes, at least 25 minutes, at least 30 minutes, at least 35 minutes, at least 40 minutes, at least 45 minutes, at least 50 minutes, at least 55 minutes, or at least 60 minutes or at least one hour. For determination of heat activation, viscosity can be measured using methods known in the art, including but not limited to the exemplary methods disclosed herein, provided that the same method is used on the material before and after heat treatment so that the viscosity measurements can be compared.[000163] In some embodiments, the biopolymer is comprised in a biopolymer preparation.[000164] In some embodiments, a biopolymer preparation is provided, wherein the biopolymer preparation is at least 55%, at least 60%, at least 65%, at least 70%, at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, or at least 95% w / w of a biopolymer provided herein. In some embodiments, a biopolymer preparation is a solid ora powder. In some embodiments, the biopolymer preparation is a dry powder (dried, lyophilized, particulate, etc.). In some embodiments, the biopolymer preparation is freeze-dried. In some embodiments, the biopolymer preparation is milled or processed. In some embodiments, a biopolymer preparation is less than 10%, less than 5%, less than 4%, less than 3%, less than 2%, or less than 1% water. In some embodiments, a biopolymer preparation is <10%, <5%, <4%, <3%, <2%, or <1% water. In some embodiments, a preparation of the biopolymer includes no more than20%, 18%, 15%, 12%, 10%, 8%, 6%, 5%, 4%, 3%, 2%, or 1% of residual host bacterial cells and / or cell debris.[000165] In some embodiments, the biopolymer preparation is a lotion, cream, gel, serum, emulsion (e.g., oil-in-water, water-in-oil, silicone-in-water, water-in-silicone, water-in-oil-in-water, oil-in-water-in-oil, oil-in-water-in-silicone, etc.), solution (e.g., aqueous or hydroalcoholic solution), anhydrous base, ointment, milk, paste, aerosol, solid form, jelly, foam, mousse, spray, etc.[000166] In some embodiments, a preparation of the biopolymer comprises less than 5% w / w, less than 2% w / w, less than 1% w / w, less than 0.1% w / w, less than 0.01% w / w, or is substantially free of, succinoglycan-Sm. In some embodiments, a preparation of the biopolymer comprises <5% w / w, <2% w / w, <1% w / w, <0.1% w / w, <0.01% w / w, or is substantially free of succinoglycan-Sm. In some embodiments, a preparation of the biopolymer is substantially free of succinoglycan-Sm. When used herein "substantially free" of or from a component refers to a biopolymer where the component is absent or present in only trace amounts that do not materially impact the desired properties or function of the biopolymer.[000167] In some embodiments, a preparation of the biopolymer is substantially free of deuterium, organic solvents (e.g., acetone or alcohol), and / or acid.[000168] The present disclosure further describes the native production by engineered bacterial strains of biopolymers lacking the succinyl and pyruvyl organic acid modifications of wild type succinoglycan-Sm but retaining the acetyl modification seen in succinoglycan-Sm (in the absence of any post-fermentation chemical treatment) and host strains capable of producing such biopolymers. As shown in Examples 7 and 8 below, Applicants have discovered that such a biopolymer, denoted A-Gn herein, is a biopolymer with unexpected properties, having broad compatibility with a range of formulation conditions (e.g., salt concentration, pH) and ingredients such as cationic (positively charged) polymers, and improved rheological and sensory properties, including an unpredictably high degree of heat activation (>100X relative to unheated biopolymer), and, as a result, such biopolymers are suitable for a wide range of personal care applications.[000169] A biopolymer that provides rheology modification and sensory benefits and has broad compatibility with personal care ingredients and at least 100-fold increased viscosity after heat treatment is a valuable replacement for carbomer and equivalent petrochemical compounds in personal care applications. Such a biopolymer of the present disclosure provides unexpected benefits and improved performance relative not only to petrochemical compoundsbut also existing non-petrochemical polymers. Existing non-petrochemical polymers such as xanthan gum have unfavorable sensory properties (e.g. tackiness) and do not retain performance across a range of pH, salt concentration, and in the presence of other charged ingredients.[000170] In some embodiments, a biopolymer is provided, wherein the biopolymer is composed of repeating units of structure II:wherein adjacent units are covalently linked by the bond indicated as —.[000171] In some embodiments, at least 30%, at least 40%, at least 50%, at least 60%, at least 70%, at least 80%, or at least 90% of the units of structure II comprise the acetyl moiety, and / or less than 10%, less than 9%, less than 8%, less than 7%, less than 6%, less than 5%, less than 4%, less than 3%, less than 2%, or less than 1% of the units of structure II comprise a succinyl moiety, and / or less than 10%, less than 9%, less than 8%, less than 7%, less than 6%, less than 5%, less than 4%, less than 3%, less than 2%, or less than 1% of the units of structure II comprise a pyruvyl moiety. In some embodiments, at least 30%, at least 40%, at least 50%, at least 60%, at least 70%, at least 80%, or at least 90% of the units of structure II comprise the acetyl moiety, and / or <10%, <9%, <8%, <7%, <6%, <5%, <4%, <3%, <2%, <1%, or <0.5% of the units of structure II comprise a succinyl moiety, and / or <10%, <9%, <8%, <7%, <6%, <5%, <4%, <3%, <2%, <1%, or <0.5% of the units of structure II comprise a pyruvyl moiety.[000172] In some embodiments, the average molecular weight of the biopolymer is >100 kDa, >200 kDa, >300 kDa, >400 kDa, >500 kDa, >600 kDa, >700 kDa, >800 kDa, >900 kDa, or >1,000 kDa. In some embodiments, the average molecular weight of the biopolymer is between 100 and 5,000 kDa, between 500 and 5,000 kDa, between 500 and 3,000 kDa, or between 500 and 2,000 kDa. In some embodiments, the average molecular weight of the biopolymer is >100 kDa, >200 kDa, >300 kDa, >400 kDa, >500 kDa, >600 kDa, >700 kDa, >800 kDa, >900 kDa, or >1,000 kDa. In some embodiments, the average molecular weight of the biopolymer is 100 to 5,000 kDa, 500 to 5,000 kDa, 500 to 3,000 kDa, or 500 to 2,000 kDa. As is well understood in the art, the terminal monomer units of the biopolymer comprise hydroxylgroups (-OH) at the positions that otherwise form ether bonds (i.e., -O-) between non-terminal monomer units.[000173] In some embodiments, the biopolymer is produced by and / or secreted by a bacterium of the Rhizobiaceae family. In some embodiments, the bacterium is a Sinorhizobium, e.g., a Sinorhizobium meliloti bacterium.[000174] The biopolymers of the present disclosure confer viscosity when added to formulations. Viscosity is measured using techniques known in the art. Viscosity can be determined as a function of shear rate, by using flow sweeps. In an exemplary method, viscosity is determined as the zero-shear viscosity and calculated by fitting a flow sweep generated on a rheometer, such as a DHR3 rheometer (TA instruments), to a mathematical model such as the Carreau-Yasuda equation. Other suitable methods are known in the art. As shown in the Examples herein, viscosity of the biopolymers of the present disclosure increases upon heating, a property referred to as heat activation. In some embodiments, wherein after heating, the viscosity of the biopolymer is at least 10 times, 20 times, 30 times, 40 times, 50 times, 60 times, 70 times, 80 times, 90 times, or 100 times higher compared to before heating. In some embodiments, wherein after heating to 85°C for at least 25 minutes, the viscosity of the biopolymer is at least 10 times, 20 times, 30 times, 40 times, 50 times, 60 times, 70 times, 80 times, 90 times, or 100 times higher compared to before heating. In some embodiments, the viscosity is measured after the biopolymer is heated to a temperature of 75°C, 80°C, 85°C, 90°C, 95°C, or 100°C. In some embodiments, viscosity of the biopolymer is measured after the biopolymer is heated to the indicated temperature for at least 10 minutes, at least 15 minutes, at least 20 minutes, at least 25 minutes, at least 30 minutes, at least 35 minutes, at least 40 minutes, at least 45 minutes, at least 50 minutes, at least 55 minutes, or at least 60 minutes or at least one hour. For determination of heat activation, viscosity can be measured using methods known in the art, including but not limited to the exemplary methods disclosed herein, provided that the same method is used on the material before and after heat treatment so that the viscosity measurements can be compared.[000175] In some embodiments, the biopolymer is comprised in a biopolymer preparation.[000176] In some embodiments, a biopolymer preparation is provided, wherein the biopolymer preparation is at least 55%, at least 60%, at least 65%, at least 70%, at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, or at least 95% w / w of a biopolymer provided herein. In some embodiments, a biopolymer preparation is a solid ora powder. In some embodiments,the biopolymer preparation is a dry powder (dried, lyophilized, particulate, etc.). In some embodiments, the biopolymer preparation is freeze-dried. In some embodiments, the biopolymer preparation is milled or processed. In some embodiments, a biopolymer preparation is less than 10%, less than 5%, less than 4%, less than 3%, less than 2%, or less than 1% water. In some embodiments, a biopolymer preparation is <10%, <5%, <4%, <3%, <2%, or <1% water. In some embodiments, a preparation of the biopolymer includes no more than 20%, 18%, 15%, 12%, 10%, 8%, 6%, 5%, 4%, 3%, 2%, or 1% of residual host bacterial cells and / or cell debris.[000177] In some embodiments, the biopolymer preparation is a lotion, cream, gel, serum, emulsion (e.g., oil-in-water, water-in-oil, silicone-in-water, water-in-silicone, water-in-oil-in-water, oil-in-water-in-oil, oil-in-water-in-silicone, etc.), solution (e.g., aqueous or hydroalcoholic solution), anhydrous base, ointment, milk, paste, aerosol, solid form, jelly, foam, mousse, spray, etc.[000178] In some embodiments, a preparation of the biopolymer comprises less than 5% w / w, less than 2% w / w, less than 1% w / w, less than 0.1% w / w, less than 0.01% w / w, or is substantially free of, succinoglycan-Sm. In some embodiments, a preparation of the biopolymer comprises <5% w / w, <2% w / w, <1% w / w, <0.1% w / w, <0.01% w / w, or is substantially free of succinoglycan-Sm. In some embodiments, a preparation of the biopolymer is substantially free of succinoglycan-Sm.[000179] In some embodiments, a preparation of the biopolymer is substantially free of deuterium, organic solvents (e.g., acetone or alcohol), and / or acid.Strain Construction[000180] 5. meliloti is amenable to genetic modification, and a common method for strain engineering is to use homologous recombination, antibiotic resistance, and sucrose counter selection (Quandt 1993) to delete specific regions in the genome. Plasmids that contain modified genomic regions can be constructed and then used to replace native regions with targeted changes. By introduction of these non-replicating plasmids by conjugal transfer, strains with single integrations can be selected by antibiotic resistance and confirmed by PCR. Secondarily, integrated plasmids can be counter selected due the presence of the sacB gene, which encodes a levansucrase that is lethal to Gram negative bacteria in the presence of sucrose. Antibiotic sensitive, sucrose resistant strains will then either have recombined to wildtype, or have incorporated a deletion, insertion, or other modification that was present in the constructed plasmid. Modified strains can be confirmed by PCR and sequencing.[000181] Unmodified, non-domesticated strains of 5. meliloti produce both succinoglycan and galactoglucan. In certain wild type strains, such as Rml021 (ATCC51124), the ability to produce galactoglucan has been lost due to lab strain domestication (Charoenpanich 2015). For the production of succinoglycan in the absence of galactoglucan, strain Rml021 can be used. There are several regulatory genes which can be modified resulting in strains which overproduce succinoglycan. These genes include exoR, exoS, chvl, syrM, and nodD3 (Barnett 2015). Others include syrA, mucR (Keller 1995), and exoX (Zhan 1990). If a non-domesticated strain of 5. meliloti that produces both succinoglycan and galactoglucan is used, galactoglucan biosynthetic genes can be deleted or inactivated to generate a strain that only produces succinoglycan. The genes required for galactoglucan biosynthesis fall within a 32 kb region of pSymB (Becker 1997). Any of several glycosyltransferases, such as wgaB or wgeB, may be excised in order to eliminate production of galactoglucan. Other strains of bacteria able to produce succinoglycan can also be used, such as strains of Agrobacterium or Pseudomonas bacteria. Thus, multiple strategies for modifying strains may be used to generate the biopolymers herein.Methods of Making Biopolymers[000182] For production of biopolymers, several different liquid growth media can be used. 5. meliloti strains grow well on LB or TY medium, and these can be supplemented with an additional carbon source such as glucose, sucrose, or succinate to boost biopolymer production.5. meliloti can also be grown on defined minimal medium, such as M9 or MOPS-mannitol, which can result in higher yields. Minimal medium allows for precise control over fermentation variables such as phosphate concentration, pH, micronutrients, sulfate concentration, and carbon source. Other strains of bacteria able to produce succinoglycan can also be used, such as strains of Agrobacterium or Pseudomonas bacteria.[000183] Alcohol precipitation may be used to purify biopolymers after fermentation. Optionally, cells are removed from fermentation broth by centrifugation or filtration. One to two volumes of water may, optionally, be added to fermentation broth for cell separation. The supernatant may also be incubated with protease to remove residual cells or cell debris. To precipitate biopolymer, isopropanol or ethanol, as well as a mono- or divalent cation such as KCI or CaCb in a concentration range around 1 mM, can be added to the culture supernatant,typically at IX to 2X the culture volume. Biopolymers precipitate upon mixing and can be isolated by centrifugation or filtration. Further purification steps may be undertaken at this point to reduce salt concentrations or remove debris that may have precipitated with the polymer. These steps may include additional alcohol washes, protease treatments, rehydration, centrifugation, dialysis, solvent washes, lyophilization, etc., that suit the desired end use. Purified product can be dried in an oven until mass stabilizes (all unbound water has evaporated). Dried product can be ground, milled, or otherwise processed to generate final, purified biopolymers.Engineered Bacteria[000184] In some embodiments, an engineered bacterium is provided, that produces at least one biopolymer provided herein.[000185] In some embodiments, an engineered bacterium is provided, wherein the bacterium comprises a mutation in exoH (which encodes succinyl transferase), a mutation in exoV (which encodes pyruvyl transferase), and / or a mutation in exoZ (which encodes acetyl transferase). In some embodiments, an engineered bacterium is provided, wherein the bacterium comprises a mutation in exoH, a mutation in exoZ, and / or a mutation in exoV. In some embodiments, each mutation is a null mutation. In some embodiments, each mutation is a deletion of at least a portion of the gene. In some embodiments, each mutation results in a loss of function or loss of activity of the gene or gene product. In some embodiments, the bacterium has been engineered to overexpress ExoT. In some embodiments, the bacterium comprises a plasmid that expresses ExoT. In some embodiments, the bacterium has been engineered to overexpress ExoT and ExoQ. In some embodiments, the bacterium comprises a plasmid that expresses ExoT and ExoQ. In some embodiments, the bacterium comprises a stable integration cassette that expresses ExoT and ExoQ.[000186] In some embodiments, an engineered bacterium is provided, wherein the bacterium comprises a mutation in exoH, a mutation in exoV, and a mutation in exoZ. In some embodiments, an engineered bacterium is provided, wherein the bacterium comprises a mutation in exoH, a mutation in exoZ, and a mutation in exoV. In some embodiments, each mutation is a null mutation. In some embodiments, each mutation is a deletion of at least a portion of the gene. In some embodiments, each mutation results in a loss of function or loss of activity of the gene or gene product. In some embodiments, the bacterium has been engineered to overexpress ExoT. In some embodiments, the bacterium comprises a plasmidthat expresses ExoT. In some embodiments, the bacterium has been engineered to overexpress ExoT and ExoQ. In some embodiments, the bacterium comprises a plasmid that expresses ExoT and ExoQ. In some embodiments, the bacterium comprises a stable integration cassette that expresses ExoT.[000187] In some embodiments, an engineered bacterium is provided, wherein the bacterium comprises a mutation in exoH and a mutation in exoV. In some embodiments, each mutation is a null mutation. In some embodiments, each mutation is a deletion of at least a portion of the gene. In some embodiments, each mutation results in a loss of function or loss of activity of the gene or gene product. In some embodiments, the bacterium has been engineered to overexpress ExoT. In some embodiments, the bacterium comprises a plasmid that expresses ExoT. In some embodiments, the bacterium comprises a stable integration cassette that expresses ExoT. In some embodiments, the bacterium has been engineered to overexpress ExoT and ExoQ. In some embodiments, the bacterium comprises a plasmid that expresses ExoT and ExoQ. In some embodiments, the bacterium comprises a stable integration cassette that expresses ExoT and ExoQ.[000188] In some embodiments, the bacterium is a member of the Rhizobiaceae family. In some embodiments, the bacterium is a Sinorhizobium, e.g. Sinorhizobium meliloti.[000189] In some embodiments, the bacterium is an Agrobacterium species or a Pseudomonas species. In some embodiments, the bacterium is an Agrobacterium species. In some embodiments, the bacterium is a Pseudomonas species. In some embodiments, an engineered bacterium is provided, wherein the bacterium comprises a mutation in the gene encoding the succinyltransferase (e.g., exoH homolog) and a mutation in the gene encoding the pyruvyltransferase (e.g., exoV homolog). In some embodiments, each mutation is a null mutation. In some embodiments, each mutation is a deletion of at least a portion of the gene. In some embodiments, each mutation results in a loss of function or loss of activity of the gene or gene product. In some embodiments, the bacterium has been engineered to overexpress the Wzx flippase (ExoT homolog). In some embodiments, the bacterium comprises a plasmid that expresses the ExoT homolog. In some embodiments, the bacterium has been engineered to overexpress ExoT and the WZY polymerase (ExoQ homolog). In some embodiments, the bacterium comprises a plasmid that expresses ExoT and ExoQ.[000190] In some embodiments, an engineered bacterium is provided, wherein the bacterium comprises a plasmid that expresses the acetyltransferase (ExoZ homolog), and comprises a mutation in exoH and a mutation in exoV. In some embodiments, the bacterium isan Agrobacterium species or a Pseudomonas species. In some embodiments, the bacterium is an Agrobacterium species. In some embodiments, the bacterium is a Pseudomonas species. In some embodiments, each mutation is a null mutation. In some embodiments, each mutation is a deletion of at least a portion of the gene. In some embodiments, each mutation results in a loss of function or loss of activity of the gene or gene product. In some embodiments, the bacterium has been engineered to overexpress the Wzx flippase ExoT. In some embodiments, the bacterium comprises a plasmid or genomic integration cassette that expresses the Wzx flippase ExoT. In some embodiments, the bacterium has been engineered to overexpress the Wzx flippase ExoT and the Wzy polymerase ExoQ. In some embodiments, the bacterium comprises a plasmid or genomic integration cassette that expresses both ExoT and ExoQ homologs.[000191] In some embodiments, a biopolymer is provided produced by the engineered bacterium provided herein. In some embodiments, a biopolymer is produced by a method comprising culturing the engineered bacterium provided herein under conditions suitable for producing the biopolymer and isolating the biopolymer from the bacterium. In some embodiments, a biopolymer is produced by a method comprising culturing the engineered bacterium provided herein under conditions suitable for producing the biopolymer, isolating the biopolymer from the bacterium, and removing bacterial cells and cell debris.Personal Care Compositions and Topical Compositions[000192] Synthetic ingredients derived from petrochemicals are used extensively in the personal care industry for rheology modification to create attractive sensory properties.However, a number of these ingredients have been classified as microplastics by the European Chemicals Agency, have been shown to persist in the environment, and have unknown impacts on animal and human health. Although products such as xanthan gum, guar gum, and carrageenan are used in a range of different applications to provide viscosity, consistency, and stabilization, their use in personal care is limited due to incompatibility with ingredients or formulations of a number of personal care products.[000193] The uncharged biopolymers provided herein provide substantial benefits over existing non-petrochemical polymers (e.g. xanthan gum and scleroglucan) along with performance attributes that make them suitable alternatives to replace the petrochemical carbomer in personal care applications. The uncharged biopolymers provided herein can act as rheology modifiers, e.g., thickeners, in a range of formulations.[000194] Unmodified carbomer, polyacrylic acid, is highly anionic and loses viscosity under high salt concentrations. An uncharged biopolymer of the present disclosure does not have this drawback and can be used in formulations having higher salt concentration. Other benefits of an uncharged biopolymer of the present disclosure include high thermal stability, high yield value and viscosity, anti-settling properties, and high shear stability. Uncharged biopolymers of the present disclosure are also non-ionic and therefore compatible with a wide range of ions and surfactants, cationic ingredients, and control viscosity in a wide pH range.[000195] An uncharged biopolymer of the present disclosure can also provide stable viscosity over a wide range of pH (2-12) and over a wide range of temperature. It would thicken formulations in conditions not tolerated by currently available thickeners. It would provide broad compatibility with many surfactants (even cationic ones), electrolytes, and preservatives.[000196] Other benefits would include sprayability, spreadability, and high compatibility in personal care formulations from creams to gels and serums. Uncharged biopolymers are also cold-processable, allowing for reduced cost in formulation processing.[000197] In some embodiments, personal care compositions are provided, comprising at least one biopolymer provided herein. In some embodiments, topical compositions are provided, comprising at least one biopolymer provided herein. In some embodiments, a personal care composition or topical composition comprises at least one or both of the biopolymers provided herein. In some embodiments, the composition comprises 0.01-10%, 0.01-5%, 0.01-2%, 0.1-10%, 0.1-5%, or 0.1-2% w / w of a biopolymer provided herein. In some embodiments, the composition comprises 0.01%, 0.05%, 0.1%, 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, 2%, 2.5%, 3%, 3.5%, 4%, 4.5%, 5%, 5.5%, 6%, 6.5%, 7%, 7.5%, 8%, 8.5%, 9%, 9.5%, or 10% w / w of a biopolymer provided herein. In some embodiments, the composition comprises less than 5% w / w, less than 2% w / w, less than 1% w / w, less than 0.1% w / w, less than 0.01% w / w, or is substantially free of, succinoglycan-Sm. In some embodiments, the composition comprises <5% w / w, <2% w / w, <1% w / w, <0.1% w / w, <0.01% w / w, or is substantially free of succinoglycan-Sm.[000198] Examples of personal care products and / or topically applied products include any aqueous solution, alcohol, or oil-in-water emulsion such as cream, lotion, serum, ointment, balm (such as lip balm), tincture, liniment, shampoo, soap, conditioner, sunscreen, rinse, cosmetic, deodorant, or any other treatment that is used directly on hair or skin. The personal care compositions and / or topical compositions provided herein may be more or less fluid and may be in the form of salves, emulsions, creams, milks, ointments, impregnated pads, syndets,solutions, sera, gels, sprays or aerosols, foams, suspensions, lotions, or sticks. In some embodiments, the personal care compositions and / or topical compositions provided herein are hair care products. In some embodiments, the personal care compositions and / or topical compositions provided herein are skin care products.[000199] In some embodiments, a personal care composition and / or topical composition provided herein comprises one or more cosmetically-acceptable viscosifiers, stabilizers, emulsifiers, emollients, humectancts, rheology modifiers, film formers, antioxidants, additives, actives, butters, essential oils, infused oils, clays, muds, extracts, hydrosol waters, exfoliants, supplements, waxes, thickeners, salts, minerals, acids, bases, carrier and fixed oils, surfactants, preservatives, pearlizers, conditioning agents, structuring agents, whitening agents, moisturizers, osmolytes, occlusives, cleansers, colorants, pigments, fragrances, UV-A and UV-B screens, and / or nourishing agents. One skilled in the art can select suitable ingredients for a topical composition based on the desired application. Many lists and descriptions of suitable ingredients are available in the art, including, for example, at cir-safety.org and / or www.fda.gov / cosmetics / cosmetic-products-ingredients. Nonlimiting exemplar viscosity and / or rheology modifiers include polyacrylates, their derivatives and copolymers, polysorbates and derivatives, myristates, polyquaterniums, cellulose and derivatives, cetearyl alcohol, carbomers, xanthan gum, diutan gum, capric glycerides, modified sugars, other polysaccharide polymers, paraffins, polyethylene glycol, glycerol, propanediol, oleic acid derivatives, and hyaluronic acid. Nonlimiting exemplary humectants include hyaluronic acid, methyl glucose ethers, ethylated methyl glucose, glycerol, polyethylene glycol, glycol derivatives, collagen, urea, sorbitol, allantoin, and alpha hydroxy acids. Nonlimiting exemplary emollients include mineral oil, lanolin, shea butter, cocoa butter, coconut oil, beeswax, sunflower oil, other plant oils, vegetable and animal fats, petrolatum, and squalene. Additional ingredients for topical compositions include, but are not limited to, silicone derivatives (lubricants), tocopherol (Vitamin E), parabens (preservatives), stearic and oleic acids, sodium lauryl sulfate (surfactants), keratin, elastin (proteins), amino acids and peptides, and bentonite clay. Nonlimiting examples of emulsifiers include lecithin, polysorbate, xanthum gum, distilled monoglyceride dmg, sorbitan monostearate, castor oil ethoxylates, polysorbate 80, carrageenan, ammonium isostearate, agar, glycerides, gum Arabic, mono- and diglycerides, guar gum, sodium stearoyl lactylate, cetyl alcohol, PGE emulsifier, alginic acid, locust bean gum, or pectin.[000200] It would further be compatible with any surfactants, including cationic ones. In some embodiments, the composition comprises one or more cationic ingredients. In some embodiments, the composition comprises one or more cationic detergents. In some embodiments, the composition comprises sulfate-free surfactants.[000201] In some embodiments, the composition does not comprise a petrochemical, such as a petrochemical thickener. In some embodiments, the composition does not comprise a petrochemical, wherein the petrochemical is a microplastic. In some embodiments, the composition does not comprise a carbomer, acrylate (such as sodium acrylate), methacrylate (such as sodium methacrylate), polyacrylamide, polyquaternium, polyethylene glycol (PEG), silicone, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), paraffin wax, and / or mineral oil, etc.Methods of Making Personal Care Compositions and / or Topical Compositions[000202] In some embodiments, a method of thickening a personal care composition is provided, comprising adding 0.01% w / w to 10% w / w of the biopolymer provided herein to the personal care composition. In some embodiments, a method of thickening a topical composition is provided, comprising adding 0.01% w / w to 10% w / w of the biopolymer provided herein to the topical composition. In some embodiments, 0.01%, 0.05%, 0.1%, 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, 2%, 2.5%, 3%, 3.5%, 4%, 4.5%, 5%, 5.5%, 6%, 6.5%, 7%, 7.5%, 8%, 8.5%, 9%, 9.5%, or 10% w / w of the biopolymer provided herein is added to the composition. In some embodiments, the personal care composition and / or topical composition does not comprise a petrochemical, such as a petrochemical thickener, optionally wherein the petrochemical is a microplastic. In some embodiments, the personal care composition and / or topical composition does not comprise a carbomer, acrylate (such as sodium acrylate), methacrylate (such as sodium methacrylate), polyacrylamide, polyquaternium, polyethylene glycol (PEG), silicone, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), paraffin wax, and / or mineral oil.[000203] In some embodiments, a method of making a personal care composition comprising adding the biopolymer provided herein to the personal care composition. In some embodiments, a method of making a topical composition comprising adding the biopolymer provided herein to the topical composition. In some embodiments, the biopolymer is uncharged. In some embodiments, 0.01% w / w to 10% w / w biopolymer is added to the personal care and / or topical composition. In some embodiments, 0.01%, 0.05%, 0.1%, 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, 2%, 2.5%, 3%, 3.5%, 4%, 4.5%, 5%, 5.5%, 6%, 6.5%, 7%, 7.5%, 8%, 8.5%, 9%, 9.5%, or10% w / w of the biopolymer provided herein is added to the composition. In some embodiments, the composition comprises one or more cationic ingredients. In some embodiments, the composition comprises one or more cationic detergents. In some embodiments, the composition does not comprise a petrochemical. In some embodiments, the composition does not comprise a carbomer, acrylate (such as sodium acrylate), methacrylate (such assodium methacrylate), polyacrylamide, polyquaternium, polyethylene glycol (PEG), silicone, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), paraffin wax, and / or mineral oil.[000204] In some embodiments, the personal care composition and / or topical composition is a hair care composition.[000205] In some embodiments, the personal care composition and / or topical composition is a skin care composition.Hair Care Compositions[000206] Non-petrochemical ingredients with broad compatibility with a range of formulation conditions (e.g., salt concentration, pH) and other ingredients, such as cationic (positively charged) polymers, as well as having desirable rheology and sensory properties, are highly desirable as substitutes for petrochemical compounds in personal care applications (such as hair care compositions). Unfortunately, incompatibility with cationic polymers is a known issue for certain non-petrochemical polymers, such as xanthan gum, and they tend to precipitate. However, the uncharged, neutral biopolymers of the present disclosure (biopolymers composed of repeating units of structure I and biopolymers composed of repeating units of structure II provided herein) were found to demonstrate compatibility with a range of formulation conditions and ingredients, such as cationic ingredients, and therefore, highly suitable for use in hair care compositions.[000207] For example, biopolymers of the present disclosure are shown in the Examples to demonstrate excellent compatibility with a cationic polymer compared to alternative non-petrochemical polymers (succinoglycan-Sm and xanthan gum solutions). Also, in contrast to carbomers, biopolymers of the present disclosure demonstrate tolerance to salt concentration and pH as they maintain zero-shear viscosity in the presence of a salt solution.[000208] Furthermore, the examples demonstrate that the biopolymers of the present disclosure have an unpredictably high degree of heat activation properties (i.e., biopolymers composed of repeating units of structure I demonstrate >10X relative to unheated biopolymer, and biopolymers composed of repeating units of structure II demonstrate >100x relative tountreated biopolymer), which enable a broader use of the biopolymer as a rheology modifier in hair care formulations, especially formulations that are subject to heat treatment.[000209] In some embodiments, a hair care composition is provided, comprising at least one biopolymer provided herein. In some embodiments, a hair care composition comprises two of the biopolymers of the present disclosure.[000210] In some embodiments, the biopolymer is uncharged. In some embodiments, the hair care composition comprises 0.01-10%, 0.01-5%, 0.01-2%, 0.1-10%, 0.1-5%, or 0.1-2% w / w of at least one biopolymer provided herein. In some embodiments, the hair care composition comprises 0.01%, 0.05%, 0.1%, 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, 2%, 2.5%, 3%, 3.5%, 4%, 4.5%, 5%, 5.5%, 6%, 6.5%, 7%, 7.5%, 8%, 8.5%, 9%, 9.5%, or 10% w / w of at least one biopolymer provided herein. In some embodiments, the composition comprises less than 5% w / w, less than 2% w / w, less than 1% w / w, less than 0.1% w / w, less than 0.01% w / w, or is substantially free of, succinoglycan-Sm. In some embodiments, the hair care composition comprises <5% w / w, <2% w / w, <1% w / w, <0.1% w / w, <0.01% w / w, or is substantially free of succinoglycan-Sm.[000211] In some embodiments, the hair care composition is shampoo (leave-in or rinse off), conditioner (leave-in or rinse-off), hair color formulations (in the form of a cream, paste, lotion, serum, gel, gel cream, or the like), detangler, hair relaxers, products with alpha- or betahydroxy acids, and hair fixatives such as sprays, gels, mousses, pomades, and waxes, including low VOC hair fixatives, styling gel, styling cream, styling spray, or styling foam. The compositions may be in any form, including without limitation, emulsions, gels, liquids, sprays, solids, foams, mousses, powders, wipes, or sticks. In some embodiments, the hair care composition can be used as "rinse off" compositions or can be used as "leave in" compositions.[000212] In some embodiments, the hair care composition comprises at least one biopolymer provided herein and one or more cationic ingredient. In some embodiments, the hair care composition comprises at least one biopolymer composed of repeating units of structure I, as provided herein, and at least one cationic ingredient. In some embodiments, the hair care composition comprises at least one biopolymer composed of repeating units of structure II, as provided herein, and one or more cationic ingredient.[000213] In some embodiments, the cationic ingredient is a cationic polymer. Cationic polymers are polymers bearing a positive charge or incorporating cationic entities in their structure. In some embodiments, the cationic polymer is a conditioner (providing conditioning benefits to the hair care composition) or surfactant.[000214] In some embodiments, the one or more cationic ingredients are chosen from quaternary ammonium compounds, fatty dialkylamines, fatty amidoamines, salts thereof, or mixtures thereof.[000215] In some embodiments, the cationic surfactant may include cetrimonium chloride, stearimonium chloride, behentrimonium chloride, behentrimonium methosulfate, behenamidopropyltrimonium methosulfate, stearamidopropyltrimonium chloride, arachidtrimonium chloride, distearyldimonium chloride, dicetyldimonium chloride, tricetylmonium chloride, oleamidopropyl dimethylamine, linoleamidopropyl dimethylamine, isostearamidopropyl dimethylamine, oleyl hydroxyethyl imidazoline, stearamidopropyl dimethylamine, behenamidopropyl dimethylamine, behenamidopropyl diethylamine, behenamidoethyl diethylamine, behenamidoethyl dimethylamine, arachidamidopropyl dimethylamine, arachidamidopropyl diethylamine, arachidamidoethyl diethylamine, arachidamidoethyl dimethylamine, brassicamidopropyl dimethylamine, lauramidopropyl dimethylamine, myristamidopropyl dimethylamine, dilinoleamidopropyl dimethylamine, palmitamidopropyl dimethylamine, and mixtures thereof.[000216] In some embodiments, the cationic surfactant may be chosen from quaternary ammonium compounds, fatty dialkylamines, or mixtures thereof. Nonlimiting examples of quaternary ammonium compounds include cetrimonium chloride, steartrimonium chloride, behentrimonium chloride, behentrimonium methosulfate, behenamidopropyltrimonium methosulfate, stearamidopropyltrimonium chloride, arachidtrimonium chloride, distearyldimonium chloride, dicetyldimonium chloride, tricetylmonium chloride, and combinations thereof. Nonlimiting examples of fatty dialkylamines include oleamidopropyl dimethylamine, linoleamidopropyl dimethylamine, isostearamidopropyl dimethylamine, oleyl hydroxyethyl imidazoline, stearamidopropyl dimethylamine, behenamidopropyl dimethylamine, behenamidopropyl diethylamine, behenamidoethyl diethylamine, behenamidoethyl dimethylamine, arachidamidopropyl dimethylamine, arachidamidopropyl diethylamine, arachidamidoethyl diethylamine, arachidamidoethyl dimethylamine, brassicamidopropyl dimethylamine, lauramidopropyl dimethylamine, myristamidopropyl dimethylamine, dilinoleamidopropyl dimethylamine, palmitamidopropyl dimethylamine, salts thereof, and combinations thereof.[000217] In some embodiments, the cationic conditioning polymer may include copolymers of l-vinyl-2-pyrrolidine and l-vinyl-3-methyl-imidazolium salt (e.g., chloride salt) (referred to as Polyquaternium-16); copolymers of l-vinyl-2-pyrrolidine anddimethylaminoethyl methacrylate (referred to as Polyquaternium-11); cationic diallyl quaternary ammonium-containing polymer including, for example, dimethyldiallyammonium chloride homopolymer and copolymers of acrylamide and dimethyldiallyammonium chloride (referred to as Polyquaternium-6 and Polyquaternium-7); polysaccharide polymers, such as cationic cellulose derivatives and cationic starch derivatives. Cationic cellulose is available as salts of hydroxyethyl cellulose reacted with trimethyl ammonium substituted epoxide (referred to as Polyquaternium-10). Another type of cationic cellulose includes the polymeric quaternary ammonium salts of hydroxyethyl cellulose reacted with lauryl dimethyl ammonium-substituted epoxide (referred to as Polyquaternium-24). Additionally or alternatively, the cationic conditioning polymers may include or be chosen from cationic guar gum derivatives, such as guar hydroxypropyltrimonium chloride.[000218] In some embodiments, cationic polymers may include cationic polysaccharide polymers, such as cationic cellulose, cationic starch, and cationic guar gum. In some embodiments, cationic polysaccharide polymers include cationic polysaccharides and polysaccharide derivatives (e.g., derivatized to be cationic), for example, resulting in cationic cellulose (cellulose derivatized to be cationic), cationic starch (derivatized to be cationic), or cationic guar (guar derivatized to be cationic).[000219] Non-limiting examples of cationic celluloses include polyquaternium-10, polyquaternium-24, and mixtures thereof, preferably polyquaternium-10, polyquaternium-24, and mixtures thereof.[000220] Non-limiting examples of cationic guar include guar hydroxypropyltrimonium chloride, hydroxypropyl guar hydroxypropyltrimonium chloride, guar hydroxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride, and mixtures thereof.[000221] Non-limiting examples of cationic starch include starch hydroxypropyltrimonium chloride, hydroxypropyl oxidized starch PG trimonium chloride, and a mixture thereof.[000222] In some embodiments, the hair care composition may include one or more polyquaterniums, for example, polyquaternium-1, polyquaternium-2, polyquaternium-3, polyquaternium-4, polyquaternium-5, polyquaternium-6, polyquaternium-7, polyquaternium-8, polyquaternium-9, polyquaternium-10, polyquaternium-11, polyquaternium-12, polyquaternium-13, polyquaternium-14, polyquaternium-15, polyquaternium-16, polyquaternium-17, polyquaternium-18, polyquaternium-19, polyquaternium-20, polyquaternium-21, polyquaternium-22, polyquaternium-23, polyquaternium-24, polyquaternium-25, polyquaternium-26, polyquaternium-27, polyquaternium-28,polyquaternium-29, polyquaternium-30, polyquaternium-40, polyquaternium-41, polyquaternium-42, polyquaternium-43, polyquaternium-44, polyquaternium-45, polyquaternium-46, polyquaternium-47, polyquaternium-48, polyquaternium-49, polyquaternium-50, polyquaternium-51, polyquaternium-52, polyquaternium-53, polyquaternium-54, polyquaternium-55, polyquaternium-56, polyquaternium-57, polyquaternium-58, polyquaternium-59, polyquaternium-60, polyquaternium-61, polyquaternium-62, polyquaternium-63, polyquaternium-64, polyquaternium-65, polyquaternium-66, polyquaternium-67, etc. In some cases, preferred polyquaternium compounds include polyquaternium-10, polyquaternium-11, polyquaternium-67, and a mixture thereof.[000223] In some embodiments, the hair care composition includes polyquaternium-1 (ethanol, 2,2', 2"-nitrilotris-, polymer with l,4-dichloro-2-butene and N, N, N', N'-tetramethyl-2-butene-l,4-diamine), polyquaternium-2, (poly[bis(2-chloroethyl) ether-alt-l,3-bis[3-(dimethylamino) propyl]urea]), polyquaternium-4, (hydroxyethyl cellulose dimethyl diallylammonium chloride copolymer; Diallyldimethylammonium chloride-hydroxyethyl cellulose copolymer), polyquaternium-5 (copolymer of acrylamide and quaternized dimethylammoniumethyl methacrylate), polyquaternium-6 (poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride)), polyquaternium-7 (copolymer of acrylamide and diallyldimethylammonium chloride), polyquaternium-8 (copolymer of methyl and stearyl dimethylaminoethyl ester of methacrylic acid, quaternized with dimethylsulphate), polyquaternium-9 (homopolymer of N, N-(dimethylamino)ethyl ester of methacrylic acid, quaternized with bromomethane), polyquaternium-10 (quaternized hydroxyethyl cellulose), polyquaternium-11 (copolymer of vinylpyrrolidone and quaternized dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate), polyquaternium-12 (ethyl methacrylate / abietyl methacrylate / diethylaminoethyl methacrylate copolymer quaternized with dimethyl sulfate), polyquaternium-13 (ethyl methacrylate / oleyl methacrylate / diethylaminoethyl methacrylate copolymer quaternized with dimethyl sulfate), polyquaternium-14 (trimethylaminoethylmethacrylate homopolymer), polyquaternium-15 (acrylamide-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate methyl chloride copolymer), Polyquaternium-16 (copolymer of vinylpyrrolidone and quaternized vinylimidazole), Polyquaternium-17 (adipic acid, dimethylaminopropylamine and dichloroethylether copolymer), Polyquaternium-18 (azelanic acid, dimethylaminopropylamine and dichloroethylether copolymer), polyquaternium-19 (copolymer of polyvinyl alcohol and 2,3-epoxypropylamine), polyquaternium-20 (copolymer of polyvinyl octadecyl ether and 2,3-epoxypropylamine),polyquaternium-22 (copolymer of acrylic acid and diallyldimethylammonium chloride), polyquaternium-24 (quaternary ammonium salt of hydroxyethyl cellulose reacted with a lauryl dimethyl ammonium substituted epoxide), polyquaternium-27 (block copolymer of Polyquaternium-2 and Polyquaternium-17), polyquaternium-28 (copolymer of vinylpyrrolidone and methacrylamidopropyl trimethylammonium), polyquaternium-29 (chitosan modified with propylen oxide and quaternized with epichlorhydrin), polyquaternium-30 (ethanaminium, N-(carboxymethyl)-N, N-dimethyl-2-[(2-methyl-l-oxo-2-propen-l-yl)oxy]-, inner salt, polymer with methyl 2-methyl-2-propenoate), polyquaternium-31 (N, N-dimethylaminopropyl-N-acrylamidine quaternized with diethylsulfate bound to a block of polyacrylonitrile), polyquaternium-32 (poly(acrylamide 2-methacryloxyethyltrimethyl ammonium chloride)), polyquaternium-33 (copolymer of trimethylaminoethylacrylate salt and acrylamide), polyquaternium-34 (copolymer of 1,3-dibromopropane and N, N-diethyl-N', N'-dimethyl-l,3-propanediamine), Polyquaternium-35 (methosulphate of the copolymer of methacryloyloxyethyltrimethylammonium and of methacryloyloxyethyldimethylacetylammonium), polyquaternium-36 (copolymer of N, N-dimethylaminoethylmethacrylate and buthylmethacrylate, quaternized with dimethylsulphate), polyquaternium-37 (poly(2-methacryloxyethyltrimethylammonium chloride)), polyquaternium-39 (terpolymer of acrylic acid, acrylamide and diallyldimethylammonium Chloride), polyquaternium-42 (poly[oxyethylene(dimethylimino)ethylene (dimethylimino)ethylene dichloride]), Polyquaternium-43 (copolymer of acrylamide, acrylamidopropyltrimonium chloride, 2-amidopropylacrylamide sulfonate and dimethylaminopropylamine), polyquaternium-44 (3-Methyl-l-vinylimidazolium methyl sulfate-N-vinylpyrrolidone copolymer), polyquaternium-45 (copolymer of (N-methyl-N-ethoxyglycine) methacrylate and N, N-dimethylaminoethylmethacrylate, quaternized with dimethyl sulphate), polyquaternium-46 (terpolymer of vinylcaprolactam, vinylpyrrolidone, and quaternized vinylimidazole), polyquaternium-47 (terpolymer of acrylic acid, methacrylamidopropyl trimethylammonium chloride, and methyl acrylate), and / or polyquaternium-67.[000224] In some embodiments, the hair care composition includes one or more cationic polymers chosen from cationic cellulose derivatives, quaternized hydroxyethyl cellulose (e.g., polyquaternium-10), cationic starch derivatives, cationic guar gum derivatives, copolymers of acrylamide and dimethyldiallyammonium chloride (e.g., polyquaternium-7), polyquaterniums, and a mixture thereof. For example, the cationic polymer(s) may be chosen frompolyquaterniums, for example, polyquaterniums chosen from polyquaternium-4, polyquaternium-5, polyquaternium-6, polyquaternium-7, polyquaternium-10, polyquaternium-22, polyquaternium-37, polyquaternium-39, polyquaternium-47, polyquaternium-53, polyquaternium-67 and a mixture thereof. In some embodiments, the hair care composition includes a combination of two or more polyquaterniums.[000225] In some embodiments, the hair care composition includes one or more cationic polymers chosen from cationic proteins and cationic protein hydrolysates (e.g., hydroxypropyltrimonium hydrolyzed wheat protein), quaternary diammonium polymers (e.g., hexadimethrine chloride), copolymers of acrylamide and dimethyldiallyammonium chloride, and mixtures thereof.[000226] In some embodiments, a method of thickening hair care composition is provided, comprising adding at least one biopolymer provided herein to the hair care composition. In some embodiments, a method of thickening a hair care composition is provided, comprising adding 0.01% w / w to 10% w / w of at least one biopolymer provided herein to the hair care composition. In some embodiments, 0.01%, 0.05%, 0.1%, 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, 2%, 2.5%, 3%, 3.5%, 4%, 4.5%, 5%, 5.5%, 6%, 6.5%, 7%, 7.5%, 8%, 8.5%, 9%, 9.5%, or 10% w / w of at least one biopolymer provided herein is added to the hair care composition.[000227] In some embodiments, a method of making a hair care composition comprising adding at least one biopolymer provided herein to the hair care composition. In some embodiments, a method of making a hair care composition is provided, comprising adding 0.01% w / w to 10% w / w of at least one biopolymer provided herein to the hair care composition. In some embodiments, 0.01%, 0.05%, 0.1%, 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, 2%, 2.5%, 3%, 3.5%, 4%, 4.5%, 5%, 5.5%, 6%, 6.5%, 7%, 7.5%, 8%, 8.5%, 9%, 9.5%, or 10% w / w of at least one biopolymer provided herein is added to the hair care composition.Skin Care compositions[000228] The broad compatibility with a range of formulation conditions (e.g., salt concentration, pH) and ingredients, such as cationic polymers, and desirable rheology and sensory properties of the biopolymers of the present disclosure (biopolymers composed of repeating units of structure I and biopolymers composed of repeating units of structure II, as provided herein) can also render them highly suitable for use in skin care compositions.[000229] In some embodiments, a skin care composition is provided, comprising at least one biopolymer provided herein. In some embodiments, a skin care composition comprises two of the biopolymers of the present disclosure.[000230] In some embodiments, the biopolymer is uncharged. In some embodiments, the skin care composition comprises 0.01-10%, 0.01-5%, 0.01-2%, 0.1-10%, 0.1-5%, or 0.1-2% w / w of at least one biopolymer provided herein. In some embodiments, the skin care composition comprises 0.01%, 0.05%, 0.1%, 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, 2%, 2.5%, 3%, 3.5%, 4%, 4.5%, 5%, 5.5%, 6%, 6.5%, 7%, 7.5%, 8%, 8.5%, 9%, 9.5%, or 10% w / w of at least one biopolymer provided herein. In some embodiments, the composition comprises less than 5% w / w, less than 2% w / w, less than 1% w / w, less than 0.1% w / w, less than 0.01% w / w, or is substantially free of, succinoglycan-Sm. In some embodiments, the skin care composition comprises <5% w / w, <2% w / w, <1% w / w, <0.1% w / w, <0.01% w / w, or is substantially free of succinoglycan-Sm.[000231] In some embodiments, the skin care composition comprises skin lotions and creams, gels, serums and liquids, facial and body cleansing products (e.g., body wash), antiacne products, wipes, liquid and bar soap, cosmetic composition, color cosmetic formulations, make-ups, foundations, sun care products, sunscreens, tanning formulations. The compositions may be in any form, including without limitation, emulsions, gels, liquids, sprays, solids, foams, mousses, powders, wipes, or sticks. In some embodiments, the skin care composition can be used as "rinse off" composition or can be used as "leave on" composition.[000232] In some embodiments, the skin care composition comprises at least one biopolymer provided herein and one or more cationic ingredients. In some embodiments, the skin care composition comprises two biopolymers provided herein and one or more cationic ingredients.[000233] In some embodiments, the one or more cationic ingredients is a cationic polymer. Cationic polymers are polymers bearing a positive charge or incorporating cationic entities in their structure. In some embodiments, the cationic polymer is a conditioner (providing conditioning benefits to the skin care composition) or surfactant.[000234] In some embodiments, the one or more cationic ingredients are chosen from quaternary ammonium compounds, fatty dialkylamines, fatty amidoamines, salts thereof, or mixtures thereof.[000235] In some embodiments, the cationic surfactant may include cetrimonium chloride, stearimonium chloride, behentrimonium chloride, behentrimonium methosulfate, behenamidopropyltrimonium methosulfate, stearamidopropyltrimonium chloride,arachidtrimonium chloride, distearyldimonium chloride, dicetyldimonium chloride, tricetylmonium chloride, oleamidopropyl dimethylamine, linoleamidopropyl dimethylamine, isostearamidopropyl dimethylamine, oleyl hydroxyethyl imidazoline, stearamidopropyl dimethylamine, behenamidopropyl dimethylamine, behenamidopropyl diethylamine, behenamidoethyl diethylamine, behenamidoethyl dimethylamine, arachidamidopropyl dimethylamine, arachidamidopropyl diethylamine, arachidamidoethyl diethylamine, arachidamidoethyl dimethylamine, brassicamidopropyl dimethylamine, lauramidopropyl dimethylamine, myristamidopropyl dimethylamine, dilinoleamidopropyl dimethylamine, palmitamidopropyl dimethylamine, and mixtures thereof.[000236] In some embodiments, the cationic surfactant may be chosen from quaternary ammonium compounds, fatty dialkylamines, or mixtures thereof. Nonlimiting examples of quaternary ammonium compounds include cetrimonium chloride, steartrimonium chloride, behentrimonium chloride, behentrimonium methosulfate, behenamidopropyltrimonium methosulfate, stearamidopropyltrimonium chloride, arachidtrimonium chloride, distearyldimonium chloride, dicetyldimonium chloride, tricetylmonium chloride, and combinations thereof. Nonlimiting examples of fatty dialkylamines include oleamidopropyl dimethylamine, linoleamidopropyl dimethylamine, isostearamidopropyl dimethylamine, oleyl hydroxyethyl imidazoline, stearamidopropyl dimethylamine, behenamidopropyl dimethylamine, behenamidopropyl diethylamine, behenamidoethyl diethylamine, behenamidoethyl dimethylamine, arachidamidopropyl dimethylamine, arachidamidopropyl diethylamine, arachidamidoethyl diethylamine, arachidamidoethyl dimethylamine, brassicamidopropyl dimethylamine, lauramidopropyl dimethylamine, myristamidopropyl dimethylamine, dilinoleamidopropyl dimethylamine, palmitamidopropyl dimethylamine, salts thereof, and combinations thereof.[000237] In some embodiments, the cationic conditioning polymer may include copolymers of l-vinyl-2-pyrrolidine and l-vinyl-3-methyl-imidazolium salt (e.g., chloride salt) (referred to as Polyquaternium-16); copolymers of l-vinyl-2-pyrrolidine and dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate (referred to as Polyquaternium-11); cationic diallyl quaternary ammonium-containing polymer including, for example, dimethyldiallyammonium chloride homopolymer and copolymers of acrylamide and dimethyldiallyammonium chloride (referred to as Polyquaternium-6 and Polyquaternium-7); polysaccharide polymers, such as cationic cellulose derivatives and cationic starch derivatives. Cationic cellulose is available as salts of hydroxyethyl cellulose reacted with trimethyl ammonium substituted epoxide (referredto as Polyquaternium-10). Another type of cationic cellulose includes the polymeric quaternary ammonium salts of hydroxyethyl cellulose reacted with lauryl dimethyl ammonium-substituted epoxide (referred to as Polyquaternium-24). Additionally or alternatively, the cationic conditioning polymers may include or be chosen from cationic guar gum derivatives, such as guar hydroxypropyltrimonium chloride.[000238] In some embodiments, cationic polymer may include cationic polysaccharide polymers, such as cationic cellulose, cationic starch, and cationic guar gum. In some embodiments, cationic polysaccharide polymers include cationic polysaccharides and polysaccharide derivatives (e.g., derivatized to be cationic), for example, resulting in cationic cellulose (cellulose derivatized to be cationic), cationic starch (derivatized to be cationic), or cationic guar (guar derivatized to be cationic).[000239] Non-limiting examples of cationic celluloses include polyquaternium-10, polyquaternium-24, and mixtures thereof, preferably polyquaternium-10, polyquaternium-24, and mixtures thereof.[000240] Non-limiting examples of cationic guar include guar hydroxypropyltrimonium chloride, hydroxypropyl guar hydroxypropyltrimonium chloride, guar hydroxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride, and mixtures thereof.[000241] Non-limiting examples of cationic starch include starch hydroxypropyltrimonium chloride, hydroxypropyl oxidized starch PG trimonium chloride, and a mixture thereof.[000242] In some embodiments, the skin care composition may include one or more polyquaterniums, for example, polyquaternium-1, polyquaternium-2, polyquaternium-3, polyquaternium-4, polyquaternium-5, polyquaternium-6, polyquaternium-7, polyquaternium-8, polyquaternium-9, polyquaternium-10, polyquaternium-11, polyquaternium-12, polyquaternium-13, polyquaternium-14, polyquaternium-15, polyquaternium-16, polyquaternium-17, polyquaternium-18, polyquaternium-19, polyquaternium-20, polyquaternium-21, polyquaternium-22, polyquaternium-23, polyquaternium-24, polyquaternium-25, polyquaternium-26, polyquaternium-27, polyquaternium-28, polyquaternium-29, polyquaternium-30, polyquaternium-40, polyquaternium-41, polyquaternium-42, polyquaternium-43, polyquaternium-44, polyquaternium-45, polyquaternium-46, polyquaternium-47, polyquaternium-48, polyquaternium-49, polyquaternium-50, polyquaternium-51, polyquaternium-52, polyquaternium-53, polyquaternium-54, polyquaternium-55, polyquaternium-56, polyquaternium-57, polyquaternium-58, polyquaternium-59, polyquaternium-60, polyquaternium-61,polyquaternium-62, polyquaternium-63, polyquaternium-64, polyquaternium-65, polyquaternium-66, polyquaternium-67, etc. In some cases, preferred polyquaternium compounds include polyquaternium-10, polyquaternium-11, polyquaternium-67, and a mixture thereof.[000243] In some embodiments, the skin care composition includes polyquaternium-1 (ethanol, 2,2', 2"-nitrilotris-, polymer with l,4-dichloro-2-butene and N, N, N', N'-tetramethyl-2-butene-l,4-diamine), polyquaternium-2, (poly[bis(2-chloroethyl) ether-alt-l,3-bis[3-(dimethylamino) propyl]urea]), polyquaternium-4, (hydroxyethyl cellulose dimethyl diallylammonium chloride copolymer; Diallyldimethylammonium chloride-hydroxyethyl cellulose copolymer), polyquaternium-5 (copolymer of acrylamide and quaternized dimethylammoniumethyl methacrylate), polyquaternium-6 (poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride)), polyquaternium-7 (copolymer of acrylamide and diallyldimethylammonium chloride), polyquaternium-8 (copolymer of methyl and stearyl dimethylaminoethyl ester of methacrylic acid, quaternized with dimethylsulphate), polyquaternium-9 (homopolymer of N, N-(dimethylamino)ethyl ester of methacrylic acid, quaternized with bromomethane), polyquaternium-10 (quaternized hydroxyethyl cellulose), polyquaternium-11 (copolymer of vinylpyrrolidone and quaternized dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate), polyquaternium-12 (ethyl methacrylate / abietyl methacrylate / diethylaminoethyl methacrylate copolymer quaternized with dimethyl sulfate), polyquaternium-13 (ethyl methacrylate / oleyl methacrylate / diethylaminoethyl methacrylate copolymer quaternized with dimethyl sulfate), polyquaternium-14 (trimethylaminoethylmethacrylate homopolymer), polyquaternium-15 (acrylamide-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate methyl chloride copolymer), Polyquaternium-16 (copolymer of vinylpyrrolidone and quaternized vinylimidazole), Polyquaternium-17 (adipic acid, dimethylaminopropylamine and dichloroethylether copolymer), Polyquaternium-18 (azelanic acid, dimethylaminopropylamine and dichloroethylether copolymer), polyquaternium-19 (copolymer of polyvinyl alcohol and 2,3-epoxypropylamine), polyquaternium-20 (copolymer of polyvinyl octadecyl ether and 2,3-epoxypropylamine), polyquaternium-22 (copolymer of acrylic acid and diallyldimethylammonium chloride), polyquaternium-24 (quaternary ammonium salt of hydroxyethyl cellulose reacted with a lauryl dimethyl ammonium substituted epoxide), polyquaternium-27 (block copolymer of Polyquaternium-2 and Polyquaternium-17), polyquaternium-28 (copolymer of vinylpyrrolidone and methacrylamidopropyl trimethylammonium), polyquaternium-29 (chitosan modified with propylen oxide and quaternized with epichlorhydrin), polyquaternium-30 (ethanaminium, N-(carboxymethyl)-N, N-dimethyl-2-[(2-methyl-l-oxo-2-propen-l-yl)oxy]-, inner salt, polymer with methyl 2-methyl-2-propenoate), polyquaternium-31 (N, N-dimethylaminopropyl-N-acrylamidine quaternized with diethylsulfate bound to a block of polyacrylonitrile), polyquaternium-32 (poly(acrylamide 2-methacryloxyethyltrimethyl ammonium chloride)), polyquaternium-33 (copolymer of trimethylaminoethylacrylate salt and acrylamide), polyquaternium-34 (copolymer of 1,3-dibromopropane and N, N-diethyl-N', N'-dimethyl-l,3-propanediamine), Polyquaternium-35 (methosulphate of the copolymer of methacryloyloxyethyltrimethylammonium and of methacryloyloxyethyldimethylacetylammonium), polyquaternium-36 (copolymer of N, N-dimethylaminoethylmethacrylate and buthylmethacrylate, quaternized with dimethylsulphate), polyquaternium-37 (poly(2-methacryloxyethyltrimethylammonium chloride)), polyquaternium-39 (terpolymer of acrylic acid, acrylamide and diallyldimethylammonium Chloride), polyquaternium-42 (poly[oxyethylene(dimethylimino)ethylene (dimethylimino)ethylene dichloride]), Polyquaternium-43 (copolymer of acrylamide, acrylamidopropyltrimonium chloride, 2-amidopropylacrylamide sulfonate and dimethylaminopropylamine), polyquaternium-44 (3-Methyl-l-vinylimidazolium methyl sulfate-N-vinylpyrrolidone copolymer), polyquaternium-45 (copolymer of (N-methyl-N-ethoxyglycine) methacrylate and N, N-dimethylaminoethylmethacrylate, quaternized with dimethyl sulphate), polyquaternium-46 (terpolymer of vinylcaprolactam, vinylpyrrolidone, and quaternized vinylimidazole), polyquaternium-47 (terpolymer of acrylic acid, methacrylamidopropyl trimethylammonium chloride, and methyl acrylate), and / or polyquaternium-67.[000244] In some embodiments, the skin care composition includes one or more cationic polymers chosen from cationic cellulose derivatives, quaternized hydroxyethyl cellulose (e.g., polyquaternium-10), cationic starch derivatives, cationic guar gum derivatives, copolymers of acrylamide and dimethyldiallyammonium chloride (e.g., polyquaternium-7), polyquaterniums, and a mixture thereof. For example, the cationic polymer(s) may be chosen from polyquaterniums, for example, polyquaterniums chosen from polyquaternium-4, polyquaternium-5, polyquaternium-6, polyquaternium-7, polyquaternium-10, polyquaternium-22, polyquaternium-37, polyquaternium-39, polyquaternium-47, polyquaternium-53, polyquaternium-67 and a mixture thereof. In some embodiments, the skin care composition includes a combination of two or more polyquaterniums.[000245] In some embodiments, a method of thickening skin care composition is provided, comprising adding at least one biopolymer provided herein to the skin care composition. In some embodiments, a method of thickening a skin care composition is provided, comprising adding 0.01% w / w to 10% w / w of at least one biopolymer provided herein to the skin care composition. In some embodiments, 0.01%, 0.05%, 0.1%, 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, 2%, 2.5%, 3%, 3.5%, 4%, 4.5%, 5%, 5.5%, 6%, 6.5%, 7%, 7.5%, 8%, 8.5%, 9%, 9.5%, or 10% w / w of at least one biopolymer provided herein is added to the skin care composition.[000246] In some embodiments, a method of making a skin care composition comprising adding at least one biopolymer provided herein to the skin care composition. In some embodiments, a method of making a skin care composition is provided, comprising adding 0.01% w / w to 10% w / w of at least one biopolymer provided herein to the skin care composition. In some embodiments, 0.01%, 0.05%, 0.1%, 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, 2%, 2.5%, 3%, 3.5%, 4%, 4.5%, 5%, 5.5%, 6%, 6.5%, 7%, 7.5%, 8%, 8.5%, 9%, 9.5%, or 10% w / w of at least one biopolymer provided herein is added to the skin care composition.Methods of Use[000247] Methods of using the biopolymer or composition (topical or personal care composition, such as skin care composition, or hair care composition) provided herein are also disclosed. In some embodiments, the biopolymer or composition provided herein are provided for use in personal care composition, such as skin care products (including cosmetic compositions) or hair care products.[000248] In some embodiments, methods for treating skin condition and / or hair are disclosed, comprising applying an effective amount of biopolymer or composition provided herein to skin and / or hair of a subject in need thereof. As used herein, the term "treat" refers to the application of the biopolymer and / or composition provided herein onto the surface of skin and / or keratin materials, such as hair. As used herein, the term "effective amount" refers to any amount sufficient to provide a desired effect. In some embodiments, the composition is applied to the hair, face, ears, forehead, neck, arms, upper chest, and / or hands of the subject.[000249] In some embodiments, methods for treating a skin condition are disclosed, comprising applying an effective amount of a biopolymer or skin care composition provided herein to skin of a subject in need thereof. In some embodiments, the skin condition is one or more of dry skin, wrinkled skin, sagging skin, aged skin, scarred skin, wounded skin, injuredskin, blemished skin, acne, and / or sunburned skin. In some embodiments, the skin condition is an inflammatory skin condition, such as psoriasis, eczema, or atopic dermatitis.[000250] In some embodiments, methods of improving a condition or appearance of skin are disclosed, comprising applying an effective amount of a biopolymer or composition provided herein to skin of a subject in need thereof. In some embodiments, the condition or appearance of skin to be improved is the appearance of a fine line and / or wrinkle, brightening of the skin, reduction of a red blotch on skin, reduction of a dark circle under or around the eye, overall skin appearance, radiance / luminosity, texture / smoothness, skin tone, skin firmness, and skin elasticity.[000251] In some embodiments, methods for washing or cleaning skin are disclosed, comprising applying the biopolymer or skin care composition provided herein to the skin of a subject in need thereof. In some embodiments, the application of the biopolymer or skin care composition as disclosed herein is followed by washing and rinsing of the skin. In some embodiments, methods for conditioning or moisturizing skin are disclosed, comprising applying the biopolymer or skin care composition provided herein to the skin of a subject in need thereof.[000252] In some embodiments, the biopolymer or skin care composition provided herein is applied to the face, ears, forehead, neck, arms, upper chest, and / or hands of the subject.[000253] In some embodiments, the application of the biopolymer or skin care composition provided herein is followed by washing and rinsing of the skin. In some embodiments, the biopolymer or skin care composition provided herein is left on the skin.[000254] In some embodiments, methods for treating hair are disclosed. The hair care compositions can be used as "rinse off" compositions or can be used as "leave in" compositions. The hair treatment composition may be applied to wet hair or dry hair.[000255] In some embodiments, methods for washing or cleaning hair are disclosed, comprising applying the biopolymer or hair care composition provided herein to hair of a subject in need thereof. In some embodiments, methods for conditioning hair are disclosed, comprising applying the biopolymer or hair care composition provided herein to hair of a subject in need thereof. In some embodiments, methods for dying or coloring hair are disclosed, comprising applying the biopolymer or hair care composition provided herein to hair of a subject in need thereof. In some embodiments, the application of the biopolymer or hair care composition provided herein is followed by washing and rinsing of the hair. In some embodiments, the biopolymer or hair care composition provided herein is left on the hair.[000256] In some embodiments, methods of thickening a topical composition, hair care composition, or skin care composition are disclosed, comprising adding 0.01% w / w to 10% w / w of the biopolymer provided herein to the topical composition, hair care composition, or skin care composition.[000257] "About" means within an acceptable error range for the particular value, as determined by one of ordinary skill in the art. Typically, an acceptable error range for a particular value depends, at least in part, on how the value is measured or determined, e.g., the limitations of the measurement system. For example, "about" can mean within an acceptable standard deviation, per the practice in the art. Alternatively, "about" can mean a range of ± 5%, ± 1%, or ±0.1% of a given value. It is to be understood that the term "about" can precede any particular value specified herein, except for particular values used in the Exemplification.EXAMPLESExample 1. Strain construction methodsGene deletion[000258] For targeted deletion of selected open reading frames (ORFs), excision of insertion elements, or correction of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), a non-replicating plasmid vector with positive and negative selection markers was used. Derivatives of the pJQ200SK plasmid (Quandt 1993) carrying deletion cassettes were generated. For deletion cassettes, homology regions upstream and downstream (usually 500 bp) of the target ORF including start codon and stop codons were amplified by PCR. Next, plasmids were assembled using Gibson assembly (HiFi master mix from NEB), and DNA sequences were verified prior to introduction into 5. meliloti. Plasmids were introduced into 5. meliloti by tri-parental mating and strains containing single integrations at homologous genomic regions were selected for antibiotic resistance and verified by PCR using primers outside of amplified regions. Strains positive for integration of plasmids were then streaked to purification and selected for the ability to grow on sucrose. The sacB gene on the integrated pJQ200 plasmid causes lethality when strains were grown on sucrose, allowing for selection of strains with the desired gene deletion or modification. To build strains with multiple targeted deletions, the process above was repeated to generate the desired double or triple mutant.Overexpression plasmids[000259] Replicating plasmids were used for gene overexpression in 5. meliloti. The pSRK-Gm vector contained the pBBRl origin of replication, the aacCl gene encoding gentamicin resistance, and the lac promoter Plac(Khan 2008). The lac promoter system is regulated by Lacl and allows for tunable gene expression by varying the concentration of the inducer molecule IPTG, typically ImM IPTG for maximum induction.[000260] To generate overexpression plasmids pExoT, pExoQ and pExoTQ, the exo genes were PCR amplified from 5. meliloti genomic DNA and cloned into the pSRK-Gm backbone using Gibson assembly and transformed into E. coli DH5ot cells. Overexpression constructs were sequence verified by Sanger sequencing of the insert from PCR product or purified plasmid. Sequence verified overexpression plasmids were introduced to 5. meliloti strains using tri-parental mating. The control plasmid (labelled "pEmpty") used for control strains was pSRK-Gm with lacZ.[000261] The targeted deletion method described above can be used to generate strains that product variant biopolymers, such as those that lack chemical modifications as described herein. The genes responsible for succinylation, acetylation, and pyruvylation of succinoglycan, exoH, exoZ, and exoV, respectively, for example, may be deleted from the genome of 5.meliloti.Table 1: Biopolymer production strains.000262] The glycan backbone having seven glucose residues per galactose residue will be abbreviated as Gn.[000263] Each non-carbohydrate modification is indicated with a single letter prefix; for example, PAS-Gn indicates the native succinoglycan containing Pyruvate, Acetate and Succinate. N-Gn has no modification.Example 2. Construction of Strains that Produce N-Gn[000264] Strains described in Examples 2-5 were developed to eliminate production of EPSI I, also known as galactoglucan. The parent strain used as a starting point to make variantsof EPS I (succinoglycan-Sm) carries a deletion of wgeB, which eliminates galactoglucan production. In 5. meliloti strains producing only succinoglycan, the genes responsible for succinyl and acetyl modification, exoH and exoZ, respectively, were deleted. The AexoHAexoZ strain produces P-Gn, a derivative of succinoglycan lacking succinyl and acetyl groups and having only a pyruvyl group. Deletion of exoV, the gene encoding the pyruvyltransferase, in the AexoHAexoZ background resulted in a strain that does not produce any detectable EPSI.Introduction of overexpression plasmids containing exoT, such as pExoT or pExoTQ, into the Aexo / 7AexoZAexo\ / background resulted in a strain that produces N-Gn (a derivative lacking succinyl, acetyl and pyruvyl groups).[000265] Gene deletions in strains IBC138 and IBC139 / 140 / 142 were introduced into a parent strain with genotype AexoZ. The AexoZAexoH double mutant was built by deleting exoH from the exoZ strain. The AexoZAexo / - / AexolZ triple mutant was built by deleting exoV from the AexoZAexoH strain. To generate IBC138 (P-Gn), plasmid pEmpty was introduced into the AexoZAexoH strain. Plasmids pEmpty, pExoT and pExoTQ were introduced into the AexoZAexoHAexoV triple mutant to generate strains IBC139, IBC140 (N-Gn) and IBC142 (N-Gn), respectively.Example 3. Construction of Strains that Produce A-Gn[000266] As described in Example 1, the gene responsible for succinyl modification (exoH) can be deleted, resulting in a strain that produces AP-Gn, a derivative lacking succinyl groups but having acetyl and pyruvyl groups. Deletion of exoV, the gene encoding the pyruvyltransferase, in the exoH background resulted in a strain that does not export any detectable EPSI. Introduction of overexpression plasmids containing exo 7, such as pExoT or pExoTQ, into the Aexo / - / AexolZ background results in a strain that produces and exports A-Gn (a derivative lacking succinyl and pyruvyl groups).[000267] Gene deletions in strains IBC158 and IBC159 / 160 / 161 were made by first deleting exoH. The Aexo / 7Aexo\ / double mutant was built by deleting exoi / from the exoH strain. To generate strain IBC158 (PA-Gn), plasmid pEmpty was introduced into the exoH strain. Plasmids pEmpty, pExoT and pExoTQ were introduced into the Aexo / - / AexolZ double mutant to generate strains IBC159, IBC160 (A-Gn) and IBC162 (A-Gn), respectively.Example 4. Calcofluor White Plate Assay[000268] Calcofluor white (CFW) is a dye that binds to beta-linked glucan chains in biopolymers such as succinoglycan. CFW fluoresces under UV light when bound to succinoglycan and derivatives of succinoglycan, allowing for detection of Gn secreted from 5. meliloti strains. 5. meliloti strains that secrete Gn will form bright colonies on agar with CFW, whereas strains that do not secrete Gn fluoresce weakly. Since CFW binds to the glucan backbone of the polymer and not the non-carbohydrate substituents, strains that produce EPSI derivatives lacking succinyl, acetyl or pyruvyl modifications will all fluoresce with CFW.[000269] S. meliloti strains in Table 1 were grown overnight in liquid cultures with rich media. The cultures were then normalized by ODeoo and serially diluted 10-fold into fresh media. The dilutions were spotted onto agar plates with MOPS-MGS medium (Rinaudi LV, Gonzalez JE 2009. J Bacteriol 191. DOI: 10.1128 / jb.01063-09) containing 0.02% calcofluor white, antibiotics for plasmid maintenance, and ImM IPTG for plasmid induction. The agar plates were incubated at 30°C for 3-5 days and then imaged under UV light using a transilluminator to assess CFW fluorescence response.[000270] Images of CFW plates were analyzed using ImageJ software to analyze fluorescence intensity. Fluorescence intensity was measured using ImageJ (FIJI) software, by selecting an equal area of a dilution spot from the black-and-white image for each strain tested and measuring the integrated density. The 105dilution spots were selected and used for fluorescence intensity analysis with areas of similar cell density selected for each strain. Three areas with no fluorescence were analyzed to set the background. Fluorescence intensity values are shown as (integrated density - background mean integrated density) / 1000 in the right panel graph of FIG. 3.[000271] Results: FIG. 3 shows images of serial dilutions of CFW stained 5. meliloti strains (left panel) and the associated fluorescence intensity for each strain (right panel). Strains IBC138 (AexoHAexoZ (pEmpty)) and IBC158 (AexoH (pEmpty)) produce P-Gn and PA-Gn respectively. These strains are bright on CFW agar (fluorescence intensity values of 74.4 and 81.9, respectively, as shown in right panel of FIG. 2) showing that succinoglycan derivatives that include pyruvyl groups are secreted by each of these strains. Deletion of exoV, resulting in strains that lack the ability to add pyruvyl groups to the glycan backbone of succinoglycan, dramatically reduces CFW fluorescence relative to the positive control: strains IBC139 (AexoHAexoZAexoV (pEmpty)) and IBC159 (AexoHAexoV (pEmpty)) show a sharp reduction of approximately 5-fold in CFW fluorescence intensity, down to 16.6 and 15.6 respectively. Thus, in the absence of a pyruvyl groups, CFW binding biopolymer is not secreted into the medium.To determine if the deficiency is due to an inability to synthesize biopolymer or an inability to secrete biopolymer, ExoT and ExoQ were overexpressed in each of the mutant strains that showed reduced CFW fluorescence. Surprisingly, addition of pExoT or pExoTQ into either AexoHAexoZAexoV or AexoHAexoV backgrounds restored low levels of secreted biopolymer as detected by CFW fluorescence: each of strains IBC140, IBC142, and IBC160 and IBC161 show about two-fold more fluorescence intensity than the corresponding strains IBC139 and IBC159 which lack increased expression of ExoT (with or without ExoQ). Addition of ExoQ alone did not restore CFW fluorescence in the mutant AexoHAexoZAexoV or AexoHAexoV strains. ExoT is thought to encode a flippase that translocates exopolysaccharides across the bacterial membrane. ExoQ is thought to polymerizes the repeating units into the full-length polymer. This demonstrates that the pyruvyl group is likely required for secretion of succinoglycan and derivatives lacking the pyruvyl groups in 5. meliloti are not produced and secreted in any measurable amount. Further, ExoT is likely responsible for recognition of the pyruvyl modification, and ExoT overexpression allows for production of the N-Gn or A-Gn molecules.Example 5.1H-NMR Analysis[000272] Shake flask cultivation was used to generate biopolymer samples for1H-NMR Analysis. Strains EXS14 (AexoX, PAS-Gn), IBC142 (AexoHAexoZAexoV (pExoTQ), N-Gn) and IBC160 (Aexo / 7Aexo\ / (pExoT), A-Gn) were inoculated into a buffered medium containing 1% glucose and grown overnight at 30°C. The next day, the overnight cultures were diluted into production medium to a starting ODeoo between 0.05-0.2. Production medium consisted of a defined minimal medium containing glucose at a concentration between 2-4% (w / v), a nitrogen source such as ammonium sulfate, a buffer to maintain neutral pH, divalent cations such as MgSO4 and CaCb, trace elements, biotin, and vitamins (US7371558B2). IPTG (up to ImM) was added to the medium for strains IBC142 and IBC160 for plasmid induction. Strains were grown in production medium at 30°C for 72 hours and then harvested for biopolymer purification.[000273] Recovery and purification of biopolymers were performed by initial cell separation followed by alcohol precipitation. The supernatant was separated from cells by centrifugation. Biopolymers were precipitated at room temperature by addition of two volumes of isopropanol to the cell-free supernatant. The precipitated biopolymers were collected on a mesh sieve and pressed in a nylon mesh bag or cheesecloth to remove excessliquid. The biopolymer cakes were dried in an oven at 60°C until the mass stabilized. The dried products were ground to a powder using a mortar and pestle.[000274] To further refine samples for1H-NMR analysis, the dried biopolymers were dissolved in water to 0.5% and dialyzed against deionized water using dialysis membranes with a lkDa cutoff. The dialyzed products were re-precipitated in ethanol and collected on a mesh sieve and pressed in a nylon mesh bag or cheesecloth to remove excess liquid. Re-precipitated dialyzed products were dried in an oven at 60°C until the mass stabilized. The dried purified products were then ground to a powder and submitted for1H-NMR analysis using D2O as the solvent.1H-NMR was carried out at either room temperature or high temperature (80°C). Resulting1H-NMR spectra were analyzed using reference peak shifts for succinoglycan from published reports (Chouly 1995, Reuber 1993).[000275] Results: The1H-NMR results in FIG. 4A-4C and FIG. 5A-B show the structures of biopolymers purified from different 5. meliloti strains. FIG. 5A shows a close up of the indicated portion of the full spectra shown in FIG. 4A-4C, along with positions of each of the side groups as denoted (Succ = succinyl; Ace = acetyl; Pyr = pyruvyl). Wild type PAS-Gn sample contains peaks corresponding to succinate, acetate and pyruvate substituents on succinoglycan. Peak shifts at 2.68, 2.13 and 1.47 ppm correspond to succinate, acetate and pyruvate groups, respectively. In contrast, the 1H-NMR spectra from A-Gn and N-Gn are both missing the peak at approximately 1.47 ppm, indicating loss of the pyruvyl substituent. A-Gn shows a clear signal at 2.14 ppm corresponding to acetate, whereas N-Gn does not show a signal for any of pyruvate, succinate or acetate substituents. The NMR spectra in FIG. 4A-4C and FIG. 5A were measured at room temperature. FIG. 5B shows the full 1H-NMR spectra of PAS-Gn, A-Gn, and N-Gn measured at 80°C. Peaks corresponding to succinate, acetate and pyruvate substituents are identified in the PAS-Gn spectrum and are clearly absent in the N-Gn spectrum. The succinate and pyruvate peaks are absent in the A-Gn sample, which retains a peak corresponding to acetate. Thus, the results show that the N-Gn sample is a biopolymer containing the sugar backbone of S. meliloti wild type succinoglycan but lacking any pyruvate, succinate or acetate substituents. Additionally, the results show that the A-Gn sample is a biopolymer containing the sugar backbone and acetate substituent of S. meliloti wild type succinoglycan but lacking any pyruvate and succinate substituents.Example 6: Rheology and sugar composition and purity analysis[000276] Biopolymer composition and properties are determined using techniques known in the art. Rheology of the biopolymers of the present disclosure is performed as follows. Dried powdered biopolymer is dispersed in room temperature water, to a final concentration of 0.5-1% biopolymer in water depending on viscosity, with rapid stirring until the biopolymer material is fully hydrated. The dispersions are then subjected to flow sweeps using a DHR3 rheometer (TA Instruments) equipped with a 40 mm 2° cone geometry from 5xl0-3s1to 5xl03s1at 20°C. Flow sweeps are used to determine viscosity as a function of shear rate. The zeroshear viscosity and shear thinning index can be calculated by fitting flow sweeps to mathematical models such as the Carreau-Yasuda or Cross equations. The zero-shear rate viscosity value is correlated with polymer molecular weight. Comparisons between materials can be made by plotting their respective flow sweeps on a single graph or by comparing viscosity measurements for each material, determined at a specific shear rate.[000277] For sugar composition and purity analysis, a known amount of biopolymer is hydrolyzed using trifluoroacetic acid and the concentrations of the resulting monosaccharides is measured using HPAEC-PAD on an ICS-6000 instrument (Thermo Scientific). Noncarbohydrate substitutions are detected using1H-NMR spectroscopy. Presence or absence of pyruvate is also assayed by mixing acid-hydrolyzed biopolymer with lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and NADH. LDH catalyzes the reduction of pyruvate using NADH as a cofactor, a reaction that can be detected by following NADH to NAD+ conversion with 340 nm light absorbance.Example 7: Compatibility of biopolymer for personal care products[000278] Personal care product manufacturing can require specific processing conditions (e.g., salt concentration, pH, temperature, etc.) in order to meet final specifications.Ingredients must maintain performance and stability throughout manufacturing and in the final product. Compatibility of the biopolymers of the present disclosure with standard personal care formulations and ingredients is determined in one or more of the following tests.[000279] The biopolymer of the present disclosure is dispersed in a test solution that may include a personal care ingredient as noted below. Compatibility or incompatibility is assessed by determining any difference in the test solution relative to a control solution lacking the biopolymer or a reference solution containing a comparator ingredient (e.g., standard viscosifying or thickening ingredient) instead of the biopolymer of the present disclosure.[000280] In one assay, lack of compatibility is detected (a) visually, e.g., by a difference in solution clarity between test solution and control solution, by the formation of visible precipitate in the test solution, or (b) by one or more other visible differences between the test solution and control or reference solution.[000281] In another assay, rheology measurements are performed as described in Example 6 on a test solution compared to a reference solution or a control solution, by subjecting each solution to flow sweeps and comparing the results.[000282] Compatibility with a range of formulations is assessed by one or more assay. For example, to determine compatibility with cationic polymers, e.g., cationic detergents, which are used in personal care products and can be challenging to formulate with acidic polymers commonly used as thickeners or viscosifiers, test solutions are prepared with polyquaterniums or cetrimonium bromide.[000283] To test the compatibility of biopolymers of the present disclosure with cationic personal care ingredients, 0.9 mL of a 1% test biopolymer or control natural polymer dispersion was mixed with 0.1 mL of a 10% solution of Polyquaternium-7 in water. The presence or absence of a precipitate - denoting lack of compatibility or successful compatibility - was assessed visually and by measuring percent transmittance at 620 nm.[000284] Biopolymers of the present disclosure are useful as thickeners or viscosifiers in personal care formulations. This performance must be maintained across a wide range of formulations, therefore, in addition to determining the clarity of solutions of biopolymer with cationic polymers, the ability of the biopolymers to maintain thickening in the presence of cationic polymer was also determined. Rheology of the biopolymer / cationic polymer solutions was measured using the methodology described in Example 6 above. Specifically, the rheology of each biopolymer of the present disclosure was measured in the presence of polyquaternium-7 compared to water. The 0.9% dispersions of water or polyquaternium-7 with N-Gn and water or polyquaternium-7 with A-Gn were prepared and zero-shear viscosity was determined using the Carreau-Yasuda model.[000285] Results: Both N-Gn and A-Gn showed excellent compatibility with cationic polymers when tested with polyquaternium-7 (a representative cationic polymer). The 10% starting concentration of polyquaternium-7 and resulting 1% final concentration was chosen as this is at the high end of polyquaternium-7 concentration typically used in personal care formulations. In the visual test, succinoglycan-Sm (PAS-Gn) and xanthan gum solutions with polyquaternium-7 both showed substantial precipitate, while no precipitation could beobserved in mixtures containing N-Gn or A-Gn (Fig. 7). The % transmittance at 620 nm was taken to confirm solution clarity (Table 2). PAS-Gn biopolymer precipitated in the presence of polyquaternium-7 resulting in greater than 50% reduction in transmission. As seen in Fig. 7 the precipitation of xanthan resulted in a substantially non-uniform suspension that could not be characterized by transmittance. In contrast, the change in percent transmittance was less than 5% for N-Gn and less than 7% for A-Gn.[000286] Table 2: Change in percent transmittance of test and control biopolymer solutions in the presence of polyquaternium-7[000287] No loss of viscosity was observed for either biopolymer, when comparing N-Gn in water versus polyquaternium-7 and A-Gn in water versus polyquaternium-7. This further demonstrates the compatibility of the biopolymers of the present disclosure with cationic polymers.[000288] Another test of compatibility evaluates tolerance to ionic concentration, a property that many polymers used in personal care products lack. Tolerance for ionic concentration is tested by making test solutions of biopolymer dispersed in monovalent salts such as NaCI or divalent salts such as CaC or MgSC. pH compatibility of biopolymers is assayed with test solutions titrated to a desired pH using base (e.g., NaOH) or acid (e.g., HCI) to achieve the desired pH, and doing a visual assessment and / or performing rheology measurements to determine performance. Formation of precipitate and loss of viscosity are each evidence of incompatibility. A test solution that retains its viscosity or that remains in solution and does not form a precipitate shows compatibility under the test condition.[000289] Many personal care products on the market require rheology modifiers (e.g., thickeners or viscosifiers) to attain desirable thickness and texture. Formulators often rely on carbomer and other sodium polyacrylate derivatives due to their ability to impart viscosity at low concentrations with a pleasant skin feel. Despite the effectiveness of polyacrylates they have major drawbacks that limit their effectiveness in products that have high electrolytelevels or a non-neutral pH. Biopolymers can be tested for tolerance to salt concentration and pH and compared to carbomer as a reference thickener.[000290] A reference solution of carbomer 981 and a test solution of PA-Gn were prepared. The reference solution contained carbomer 981 dispersed at 0.25% and the test solution contained PA-Gn dispersed at 0.75%, in (a) water or (b) increasing concentrations of aqueous sodium chloride, to test for salt tolerance. The viscosity of each solution was measured at 1 s1with a DHR3 rheometer (TA instruments). As can be seen in Fig. 6, concentrations as low as 0.5% sodium chloride caused an almost complete loss of viscosity of carbomer 981 and even concentrations of sodium chloride concentrations below 0.5% showed a reduction of more than 50% in measured viscosity relative to the viscosity in the absence of NaCI. In contrast, the test solution containing PA-Gn showed only a very small change in viscosity and retained a constant level of viscosity up to concentrations as high as 5% NaCI. Thus, in formulations containing a salt such as NaCI, PA-Gn has greater viscosity and is superior to a common petrochemical viscosifier carbomer 981. The salt effect on polymer viscosity is due to shielding of anionic groups present in the polymer. An uncharged biopolymer such as N-Gn lacks anionic groups and is predicted to be insensitive to the ionic strength of a formulation and therefore compatible with a wide range of formulations in which carbomer cannot be used as a rheology modifier or thickener. Dispersions of biopolymer N-Gn or A-Gn in water or in 5% NaCI were prepared and zero-shear viscosity was determined using the Carreau-Yasuda model, as described in Example 6 above. As shown in Table 3 below, both N-Gn and A-Gn biopolymers maintained zero-shear viscosity in the presence of 5% NaCI, with only a slight reduction for A-Gn and no change for N-Gn.[000291] Table 3: Fold change in zero shear viscosityfor indicated biopolymers in 5% NaCI compared to water.Example 8: N-Gn and A-Gn biopolymers have a high degree of heat activation properties [000292] Succinoglycans exhibit unpredictable response to heat treatment: some, such as succinoglycan from Agrobacterium, show substantial loss of viscosity after heat treatment. It has been shown that some altered succinoglycans from Sinorhizobium retain equivalent viscosity after heat treatment or in one case, show an increase in viscosity in response to heattreatment as described in WO 2023076358, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. In order to assess the effect of heat treatment on the viscosity of the biopolymers of the present disclosure, each biopolymer was heat treated as follows.[000293] 1% dispersions of N-Gn or A-Gn were melted at 85°C for 25 minutes and annealed at room temperature. Zero shear viscosity was determined using the Carreau-Yasuda model for biopolymers with and without heat treatment.[000294] Results: Unexpectedly, N-Gn and A-Gn both exhibited a high degree of heat activation. As shown in Table 4 below, N-Gn zero-shear viscosity increased 10-fold. Surprisingly, A-Gn showed an even greater amount of heat activation, displaying more than 10 times the heat activation of N-Gn: zero-shear viscosity increased 128-fold.[000295] Table 4: Fold increase in zero shear viscosity for native versus heat treated biopolymers of the present disclosure.

Claims

We claim:

1. A biopolymer composed of repeating units of structure I:wherein adjacent units are covalently linked by the bond indicated as —.

2. The biopolymer of claim 1, wherein less than 10%, less than 9%, less than 8%, less than 7%, less than 6%, less than 5%, less than 4%, less than 3%, less than 2%, or less than 1% of the units of structure I comprise an acetyl moiety.

3. The biopolymer of claim 1 or claim 2, wherein less than 10%, less than 9%, less than 8%, less than 7%, less than 6%, less than 5%, less than 4%, less than 3%, less than 2%, or less than 1% of the units of structure I comprise a succinyl moiety.

4. The biopolymer of any one of claims 1-3, wherein less than 10%, less than 5%, or less than 2% of the units of structure I comprise a pyruvyl moiety.

5. The biopolymer of any one of claims 1-4, wherein the biopolymer has an average molecular weight of >100 kDa, >200 kDa, >300 kDa, >400 kDa, >500 kDa, >600 kDa, >700 kDa, >800 kDa, >900 kDa, or >1,000 kDa.

6. The biopolymer of any one of claims 1-5, wherein the biopolymer has an average molecular weight between 100 and 5,000 kDa, between 500 and 5,000 kDa, between 500 and 3,000 kDa, or between 500 and 2,000 kDa.

7. The biopolymer of any one of claims 1-6, wherein the biopolymer is produced by and / or secreted by a Sinorhizobium bacterium.

8. The biopolymer of claim 7, wherein the Sinorhizobium bacterium is Sinorhizobium meliloti.

9. The biopolymer of any one of claims 1-8, wherein the viscosity of the biopolymer is at least 10 times higher after heating to 85°C for at least 25 minutes than before heating.

10. A biopolymer composed of repeating units of structure II:wherein adjacent units are covalently linked by the bond indicated as —.

11. The biopolymer of claim 10, wherein at least 30%, at least 40%, at least 50%, at least 60%, at least 70%, at least 80%, or at least 90% of the units of structure II comprise an acetyl moiety.

12. The biopolymer of claim 10 or claim 11, wherein less than 10%, less than 9%, less than 8%, less than 7%, less than 6%, less than 5%, less than 4%, less than 3%, less than 2%, or less than 1% of the units of structure II comprise a succinyl moiety.

13. The biopolymer of any one of claims 10-12, wherein less than 10%, less than 9%, less than 8%, less than 7%, less than 6%, less than 5%, less than 4%, less than 3%, less than 2%, or less than 1% of the units of structure II comprise a pyruvyl moiety.

14. The biopolymer of any one of claims 10-13, wherein the biopolymer has an average molecular weight of >100 kDa, >200 kDa, >300 kDa, >400 kDa, >500 kDa, >600 kDa, >700 kDa, >800 kDa, >900 kDa, or >1,000 kDa.

15. The biopolymer of any one of claims 10-14, wherein the biopolymer has an average molecular weight between 100 and 5,000 kDa, between 500 and 5,000 kDa, between 500 and 3,000 kDa, or between 500 and 2,000 kDa.

16. The biopolymer of any one of claims 10-15, wherein the biopolymer is produced by and / or secreted by a Sinorhizobium bacterium.

17. The biopolymer of claim 16, wherein the Sinorhizobium bacterium is Sinorhizobium meliloti.

18. The biopolymer of any one of claims 10-17, wherein the viscosity of the biopolymer is at least 100 times higher after heating to 85°C for at least 25 minutes than before heating.

19. An engineered bacterium that produces the biopolymer of any one of claims 1-9.

20. The engineered bacterium of claim 19, wherein the bacterium comprises a mutation in exoH, a mutation in exoZ, and a mutation in exoV.

21. An engineered bacterium, wherein the bacterium comprises a mutation in exoH, a mutation in exoZ, and a mutation in exoV.

22. The engineered bacterium of claim 20 or claim 21, wherein each mutation is a null mutation.

23. The engineered bacterium of any one of claims 20-22, wherein each mutation is a deletion of at least a portion of the gene.

24. The engineered bacterium of any one of claims 20-23, wherein each mutation results in a loss of function or loss of activity of the gene or gene product.

25. The engineered bacterium of any one of claims 20-24, wherein the bacterium has been engineered to overexpress ExoT.

26. The engineered bacterium of any one of claims 20-25, wherein the bacterium comprises a plasmid that expresses ExoT.

27. The engineered bacterium of any one of claims 20-26, wherein the bacterium has been engineered to overexpress ExoT and ExoQ.

28. The engineered bacterium of any one of claims 20-27, wherein the bacterium comprises a plasmid that expresses ExoT and ExoQ.

29. An engineered bacterium that produces the biopolymer of any one of claims 10-18.

30. The engineered bacterium of claim 29, wherein the bacterium comprises a mutation in exoH and a mutation in exoV.

31. An engineered bacterium, wherein the bacterium comprises a mutation in exoH and a mutation in exoV.

32. The engineered bacterium of claim 30 or claim 31, wherein each mutation is a null mutation.

33. The engineered bacterium of any one of claims 30-32, wherein each mutation is a deletion of at least a portion of the gene.

34. The engineered bacterium of any one of claims 30-33, wherein each mutation results in a loss of function or loss of activity of the gene or gene product.

35. The engineered bacterium of any one of claims 30-34, wherein the bacterium has been engineered to overexpress ExoT.

36. The engineered bacterium of any one of claims 30-35, wherein the bacterium comprises a plasmid that expresses ExoT.

37. The engineered bacterium of any one of claims 30-36, wherein the bacterium has been engineered to overexpress ExoT and ExoQ.

38. The engineered bacterium of any one of claims 30-36, wherein the bacterium comprises a plasmid that expresses ExoT and ExoQ.

39. The engineered bacterium of any one of claims 30-38, wherein the bacterium is a Sinorhizobium species.

40. The engineered bacterium of any one of claims 30-39, wherein the bacterium is Sinorhizobium meliloti.

41. The engineered bacterium that produces the biopolymer of any one of claims 1-9, wherein the bacterium is chosen from an Agrobacterium species or a Pseudomonas species.

42. The engineered bacterium of claim 41, wherein the bacterium comprises a mutation in exoH and a mutation in exoV.

43. An engineered bacterium chosen from an Agrobacterium species and a Pseudomonas species, wherein the bacterium comprises a mutation in exoH and a mutation in exoV.

44. The engineered bacterium of claim 42 or 43, wherein each mutation is a null mutation.

45. The engineered bacterium of any one of claims 41-44, wherein each mutation is a deletion of at least a portion of the gene.

46. The engineered bacterium of any one of claims 41-45, wherein each mutation results in a loss of function or loss of activity of the gene or gene product.

47. The engineered bacterium of any one of claims 41-46, wherein the bacterium has been engineered to overexpress ExoT.

48. The engineered bacterium of any one of claims 41-47, wherein the bacterium comprises a plasmid that expresses ExoT.

49. The engineered bacterium of any one of claims 41-48, wherein the bacterium has been engineered to overexpress ExoT and ExoQ.

50. The engineered bacterium of any one of claims 41-49, wherein the bacterium comprises a plasmid that expresses ExoT and ExoQ.

51. The engineered bacterium of any one of claims 41-50, wherein the bacterium is an Agrobacterium species.

52. The engineered bacterium of any one of claims 41-50, wherein the bacterium is a Pseudomonas species.

53. The engineered bacterium that produces the biopolymer of any one of claims 10-18, wherein the bacterium is chosen from an Agrobacterium species and a Pseudomonas species, and wherein the bacterium comprises a plasmid that expresses ExoZ.

54. The engineered bacterium of claim 53 wherein the bacterium comprises a mutation in exoH and a mutation in exoV.

55. An engineered bacterium chosen from an Agrobacterium species and a Pseudomonas species, wherein the bacterium comprises a plasmid that expresses ExoZ, and comprises a mutation in exoH and a mutation in exoV.

56. The engineered bacterium of claim 54 or claim 55, wherein each mutation is a null mutation.

57. The engineered bacterium of any one of claims 54-56, wherein each mutation is a deletion of at least a portion of the gene.

58. The engineered bacterium of any one of claims 54-56, wherein each mutation results in a loss of function or loss of activity of the gene or gene product.

59. The engineered bacterium of any one of claims 53-58, wherein the bacterium has been engineered to overexpress ExoT.

60. The engineered bacterium of any one of claims 53-59, wherein the bacterium comprises a plasmid that expresses ExoT.

61. The engineered bacterium of any one of claims 53-60, wherein the bacterium has been engineered to overexpress ExoT and ExoQ.

62. The engineered bacterium of any one of claims 53-61, wherein the bacterium comprises a plasmid that expresses ExoT and ExoQ.

63. The engineered bacterium of any one of claims 53-62, wherein the bacterium is an Agrobacterium species.

64. The engineered bacterium of any one of claims 53-62, wherein the bacterium is a Pseudomonas species.

65. A biopolymer produced by the engineered bacterium of any one of claims 19-64.

66. A biopolymer produced by a method comprising culturing the engineered bacterium of any one of claims 19-64 under conditions suitable for producing the biopolymer.

67. A composition comprising the biopolymer of any one of claims 1-18, 65, or 66.

68. The composition of claim 67, wherein the composition comprises 0.01% w / w to 10% w / w of the biopolymer.

69. The composition of claim 67, wherein the composition comprises 0.01% w / w to 5% w / w of the biopolymer.

70. The composition of claim 67, wherein the composition comprises 0.01% w / w to 2% w / w of the biopolymer.

71. The composition of claim 67, wherein the composition comprises 0.1% w / w to 2% w / w of the biopolymer.

72. The composition of any one of claims 67-71, which comprises less than 5% w / w, less than 2% w / w, less than 1% w / w, less than 0.1% w / w, less than 0.01% w / w, or is substantially free of succinoglycan-sm.

73. The composition of any one of claims 67-72, wherein the composition comprises one or more viscosifiers, stabilizers, emulsifiers, emollients, humectancts, rheology modifiers, film formers, antioxidants, additives, actives, butters, essential oils, infused oils, clays, muds, extracts, hydrosol waters, exfoliants, supplements, waxes, thickeners, salts, minerals, acids, bases, carrier and fixed oils, surfactants, preservatives, pearlizers, conditioning agents, structuring agents, whitening agents, moisturizers, osmolytes, occlusives, cleansers, colorants, pigments, fragrances, UV-A and UV-B screens, and / or nourishing agents.

74. The composition of any one of claims 67-73, wherein the composition is a topical composition.

75. The composition of any one of claims 67-74, wherein the composition is a cream, lotion, gel, serum, emulsion, solution, anhydrous base, milk, paste, aerosol, solid form, jelly, ointment, balm, tincture, liniment, shampoo, soap, conditioner, sunscreen, rinse, deodorant, or cosmetic.

76. The composition of any one of claims 67-75, wherein the composition comprises one or more cationic ingredients.

77. The composition of claim 76, wherein the composition comprises one or more cationic polymers or detergents, optionally wherein the one or more cationic polymers is a conditioner and / or a surfactant.

78. The composition of any one of claims 67-77, wherein the composition does not comprise a petrochemical thickener, including optionally wherein the composition does not comprise a microplastic.

79. The composition of any one of claims 67-78, wherein the composition does not comprise a carbomer, sodium acrylate, sodium methacrylate, polyacrylamide, polyquaternium, polyethylene glycol (PEG), silicone, polyvinylalcohol (PVA), polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), paraffin wax, and / or mineral oil.

80. A hair care composition comprising at least one biopolymer of any one of claims 1-18, 65, or 66.

81. The hair care composition of claim 80, wherein the composition comprises 0.01% w / w to 10% w / w of the biopolymer.

82. The hair care composition of claim 80, wherein the composition comprises 0.01% w / w to 5% w / w of the biopolymer.

83. The hair care composition of claim 80, wherein the composition comprises 0.01% w / w to 2% w / w of the biopolymer.

84. The hair care composition of claim 80, wherein the composition comprises 0.1% w / w to 2% w / w of the biopolymer.

85. The hair care composition of any one of claims 80-84, which comprises less than 5% w / w, less than 2% w / w, less than 1% w / w, less than 0.1% w / w, less than 0.01% w / w, or is substantially free of succinoglycan-sm.

86. The hair care composition of any one of claims 80-85, wherein the hair care composition comprises one or more viscosifiers, stabilizers, emulsifiers, emollients, humectancts, rheology modifiers, film formers, antioxidants, additives, actives, butters, essential oils, infused oils, clays, muds, extracts, hydrosol waters, exfoliants, supplements, waxes, thickeners, salts, minerals, acids, bases, carrier and fixed oils, surfactants, preservatives, pearlizers, conditioning agents, structuring agents, whitening agents, moisturizers, osmolytes, occlusives, cleansers, colorants, pigments, fragrances, UV-A and UV-B screens, and / or nourishing agents.

87. The hair care composition of any one of claims 80-86, wherein the hair care composition comprises one or more cationic ingredients.

88. The hair care composition of claim 87, wherein the one or more cationic ingredients is one or more cationic polymer or cationic detergent.

89. The hair care composition of claim 88, wherein the one or more cationic polymer is a conditioner and / or a surfactant.

90. The hair care composition of claim 87, wherein the one or more cationic ingredients are chosen from quaternary ammonium compounds, fatty dialkylamines, fatty amidoamines, salts thereof, or mixtures thereof.

91. The hair care composition of any one of claims 80-90, wherein the hair care composition is a shampoo, a conditioner, a hair color formulation, a detangler, a hair relaxer, a product with alpha- or beta-hydroxy acids, or a hair fixative.

92. The hair care composition of any one of claims 80-91, wherein the composition does not comprise a petrochemical thickener, including optionally wherein the composition does not comprise a microplastic.

93. The hair care composition of any one of claims 80-92, wherein the composition does not comprise a carbomer, sodium acrylate, sodium methacrylate, polyacrylamide,polyquaternium, polyethylene glycol (PEG), silicone, polyvinylalcohol (PVA), polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), paraffin wax, and / or mineral oil.

94. A skin care composition comprising the biopolymer of any one of claims 1-18, 65, or 66.

95. The skin care composition of claim 94, wherein the skin care composition comprises 0.01% w / w to 10% w / w of the biopolymer.

96. The skin care composition of claim 94, wherein the skin care composition comprises 0.01% w / w to 5% w / w of the biopolymer.

97. The skin care composition of claim 94, wherein the skin care composition comprises 0.01% w / w to 2% w / w of the biopolymer.

98. The skin care composition of claim 94, wherein the skin care composition comprises 0.1% w / w to 2% w / w of the biopolymer.

99. The skin care composition of any one of claims 94-98, which comprises less than 5% w / w, less than 2% w / w, less than 1% w / w, less than 0.1% w / w, less than 0.01% w / w, or is substantially free of succinoglycan-sm.

100. The skin care composition of any one of claims 94-99, wherein the skin care composition comprises one or more viscosifiers, stabilizers, emulsifiers, emollients, humectancts, rheology modifiers, film formers, antioxidants, additives, actives, butters, essential oils, infused oils, clays, muds, extracts, hydrosol waters, exfoliants, supplements, waxes, thickeners, salts, minerals, acids, bases, carrier and fixed oils, surfactants, preservatives, pearlizers, conditioning agents, structuring agents, whitening agents, moisturizers, osmolytes, occlusives, cleansers, colorants, pigments, fragrances, UV-A and UV-B screens, and / or nourishing agents.

101. The skin care composition of any one of claims 94-100, wherein the skin care composition comprises one or more cationic ingredients.

102. The skin care composition of claim 101, wherein the one or more cationic ingredients is a cationic polymer or cationic detergent.

103. The skin care composition of claim 102, wherein the one or more cationic polymer is a conditioner or surfactant.

104. The skin care composition of claim 101, wherein the one or more cationic ingredients are chosen from quaternary ammonium compounds, fatty dialkylamines, fatty amidoamines, salts thereof, and / or mixtures thereof.

105. The skin care composition of any one of claims 94-104, wherein the skin care composition is facial or body lotion, cream, gel, or serum, facial or body cleansing product,anti-acne product, wipe, liquid soap, bar soap, color cosmetic formulation, make-up, foundation, sun care product, sunscreen, and / or tanning formulation.

106. The skin care composition of any one of claims 94-105, wherein the skin care composition does not comprise a petrochemical thickener, including optionally wherein the composition does not comprise a microplastic.

107. The skin care composition of any one of claims 94-106, wherein the skin care composition does not comprise a carbomer, sodium acrylate, sodium methacrylate, polyacrylamide, polyquaternium, polyethylene glycol (PEG), silicone, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), paraffin wax, and / or mineral oil.

108. A method of thickening a topical composition, comprising adding 0.01% w / w to 10% w / w of the biopolymer of any one of claims 1-18, 65, or 66 to the topical composition.

109. The method of claim 108, wherein the topical composition does not comprise a petrochemical thickener, including optionally wherein the composition does not comprise a microplastic.

110. The method of claim 108, wherein the topical composition does not comprise a carbomer, sodium acrylate, sodium methacrylate, polyacrylamide, polyquaternium, polyethylene glycol (PEG), silicone, polyvinylalcohol (PVA), polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), paraffin wax, and / or mineral oil.

111. The method of any one of claims 108-110, wherein the topical composition is a hair care composition.

112. The method of any one of claims 108-110, wherein the topical composition is a skin care composition.

113. A method of making a topical composition comprising adding the biopolymer of any one of claims 1-18, 65, or 66 to the topical composition.

114. The method of claim 113, wherein the biopolymer is uncharged.

115. The method of claim 113 or 114, wherein 0.01% w / w to 10% w / w biopolymer is added to the topical composition.

116. The method of any one of claims 113-115, wherein the composition comprises one or more cationic ingredients.

117. The method of any one of claims 113-116, wherein the composition comprises one or more cationic polymers or detergents, optionally wherein one or more cationic polymer is a conditioner or a surfactant.

118. The method of any one of claims 113-117, wherein the composition does not comprise a petrochemical thickener, including optionally wherein the composition does not comprise a microplastic.

119. The method of any one of claims 113-118, wherein the composition does not comprise a carbomer, sodium acrylate, sodium methacrylate, polyacrylamide, polyquaternium, polyethylene glycol (PEG), silicone, polyvinylalcohol (PVA), polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), paraffin wax, and / or mineral oil.

120. The method of any one of claims 113-119, wherein the topical composition is a skin care composition.

121. The method of any one of claims 113-119, wherein the topical composition is hair care composition.

122. A method of washing or cleaning hair, comprising applying the biopolymer of any one of claims 1-18, 65, or 66 or the composition of any one of claims 80-93 to hair.

123. A method of conditioning hair, comprising applying the biopolymer of any one of claims 1-18, 65, or 66, or the composition of any one of claims 80-93 to hair.

124. A method of washing or cleaning skin, comprising applying the biopolymer of any one of claims 1-18, 65, or 66, or the composition of any one of claims 94-107 to skin.

125. A method of conditioning or moisturizing skin, comprising applying the biopolymer of any one of claims 1-18, 65, or 66, or the composition of any one of claims 94-107 to skin.

126. The biopolymer of any one of claims 1-18, 65, or 66, or composition of any one of claims 67-107 for use in cosmetic, personal care composition, or hair care composition.

127. The biopolymer of any one of claims 1-18, 65, or 66, or composition of any one of claims 80-93 for use in hair care composition.

128. The biopolymer of any one of claims 1-18, 65, or 66, or composition of any one of claims 94-107 for use in skin care composition.

129. A biopolymer preparation comprising the biopolymer of any one of claims 1-18, 65, or 66.

130. The biopolymer preparation of claim 129, wherein the biopolymer preparation is at least 55%, at least 60%, at least 65%, at least 70%, at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, or at least 95% w / w of the biopolymer.

131. The biopolymer preparation of claim 129 or 130, wherein the biopolymer preparation is a solid or a powder.

132. The biopolymer preparation of any one of claims 129-131, wherein the biopolymer preparation is a powder.

133. The biopolymer preparation of any one of claims 129-132, wherein the biopolymer preparation is less than 5%, less than 4%, less than 3%, less than 2%, or less than 1% water.

134. The biopolymer preparation of any one of claims 129-133, wherein the biopolymer preparation includes no more than 20%, 18%, 15%, 12%, 10%, 8%, 6%, 5%, 4%, 3%, 2%, or 1% of residual host bacterial cells and / or cell debris.

135. The biopolymer preparation of any one of claims 129-134, wherein the biopolymer preparation is substantially free of deuterium, organic solvents, and / or acid.

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