Aerosol capture station

Abstract

The invention relates to a station (20) for aerosol capture on a plot for agricultural crops, which comprises, on a support (21) for sensors (30, 40, 50) which is provided with a foot (22) for bearing against the earth of the plot, a lower passive aerosol sensor (50), at a first height (16) above ground level, comprising a support for a hydrophilic sheet and a protection for this sheet against raindrops. The station also comprises, at a second height (17) above ground level, higher than the first height, an active aerosol sensor (30), comprising a motor for rotating at least one rotary arm supporting at least one stick coated with an aerosol adhesion substance.

Description

[0001] DESCRIPTION

[0002] TITLE OF THE INVENTION: AEROSOL CAPTURE STATION

[0003] TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION

[0004] The present invention relates to an aerosol capture station. It is particularly applicable to the field of capturing pathogenic spores present in the open air.

[0005] STATE OF THE ART

[0006] The approaches described in this section are approaches that could be pursued, but not necessarily approaches that have been previously conceived or pursued. Therefore, unless otherwise stated, it should not be assumed that any of the approaches described in this section constitutes prior art simply because of its inclusion in this section.

[0007] The range of aerobiological sensors capable of capturing bioaerosols such as spores, pollen, bacteria, etc., is quite broad. The operation of these sensors relies on various physical (and sometimes chemical) characteristics of bioaerosol transport in the atmosphere.

[0008] Passive sensors and active volumetric sensors remain the most widely used types of sensors in the field of aerobiology in agriculture, both for the study of spores and pollen.

[0009] Passive capture methods (passive deposition or passive impaction) are the simplest to implement and use, but they do not allow for the calculation of airborne particle concentration. A typical example of a passive sensor relies on directing the prevailing airflow onto a collection matrix to concentrate aerosols present in the air.

[0010] Active methods require an energy input to capture the targeted particles. The most commonly used trapping systems are volumetric sensors, which process a specific volume of air per unit of time. This processing allows for the collection of particles by impaction or filtration onto or within a collection matrix. Some of these systems can separate particles based on their inertness, a parameter that defines how the speed and trajectory of particles change when the airflow carrying them is disturbed. The use of volumetric sensors allows for an estimation of the particle concentration in the air. This estimated concentration ("EC") is, in most situations, different from the actual concentration ("CR").

[0011] Several types of active sensors are available on the market today. Rotating arm active sensors rely on the rotation of an arm equipped with two supports. The rotation of these supports allows for the collection of all aerosols present in the air.

[0012] In active filtration sensors, air is drawn in by a pump at a stable and regular flow rate. The air enters the device through a suction nozzle. The bioaerosols it contains are then projected onto a collection matrix driven by a drum. The drum's rotation is ensured by a clockwork mechanism. The drum completes one full rotation in a given time. This system makes temporal analysis of the samples possible (daily and / or hourly analysis). To allow the sensor to optimally collect pollen grains, the suction nozzle is constantly oriented towards the prevailing winds, like a weather vane, thanks to a tail fin. It is the action of the wind on this tail fin that rotates the sensor.

[0013] Finally, a protective plate, located just above the suction nozzle, helps to prevent the sample from being exposed to the elements.

[0014] The disadvantage of all active sensors lies in the power consumption, particularly in the context of a routine application of Decision Support Tool in an agricultural environment.

[0015] Among the main technical problems associated with known solutions is the choice of a specific sensor, given the different modes of propagation of fungal pathogens in grapevines. There are a significant number of orders, genera, and species of pathogenic microorganisms affecting cultivated plants. Whether bacteria, phytoplasmas, viruses, fungi, or microscopic algae, some require biological vectors for propagation (insects, for example). Others, such as fungal diseases of grapevine like downy mildew, powdery mildew, black rot, and gray mold, are transported by abiotic vectors like wind or rainwater. These abiotic vectors have specific physicochemical characteristics. Sampling these different abiotic vectors requires traps adapted to these differences in physicochemical characteristics.Another drawback of existing devices concerns energy consumption and the management of power supply on agricultural plots. Energy consumption is an increasingly common issue in industry, particularly for agricultural production. Commercially available active trap models are often very energy-intensive due to features not applicable to routine monitoring.

[0016] The heterogeneity of the agricultural landscape leads to problems with power supply and communication networks. Commercially available active trap models either require very time-consuming and ergonomically demanding battery management, or mains power that is virtually impossible to supply except at an experimental station.

[0017] CN 118 956 580 describes a device comprising a support rod with a guide groove formed on its outer wall. Sleeves are movably attached to the outer wall of the support rod by a sleeving system. A sampling kit is used for monitoring and analyzing disease spores in tea plantations. A monitoring adhesive sheet can be automatically replaced.

[0018] CN1 10468041 presents a device for monitoring plant pathogen spores, comprising a fixed cover, adhesive sheets, and a soil insertion post. One end of the soil insertion post is located at the base, and several fixed covers are attached to the post body. The front face of each adhesive sheet is entirely covered with a colorless insect-repellent sticker, and the back of each adhesive sheet is affixed to the corresponding fixed cover. The adhesive sheets, arranged in four different directions on top of an intermediate layer plate and an inner plastic ring, are placed in collection boxes, then removed and deposited onto glass slides where the spores are counted.

[0019] GB2387902 presents a spore trap, for example for fungal or pollen spores, which has a rotating sampling chamber connected to a wind vane and a fan for admitting air samples through an orifice nozzle. The chamber houses a motorized spore sample collector for receiving and collecting the spores delivered by the nozzle over a selected period of time. WO2022232510 presents an airborne material collection apparatus. The apparatus swirls the air inside a fluid-filled housing to deposit materials, such as viruses, bacteria, fungi, and other airborne particles, so that these materials can be subsequently analyzed.

[0020] US2023204551 presents a pollution detection and reporting device for use in an oil facility. This device uses a logic control system to read data from a pollution sensor and present it as a pollutant originating from a leak.

[0021] The publication West JS et al. “PCR to predict risk of airborne disease” Trends in Microbiology, Elsevier Science Ltd, Kidlington, GB, vol. 16, no. 8, 1 August 2008, pages 380-387, XP023439452 presents a combination of air sampling and quantitative PCR (“Polymerase Chain reaction”) to identify and count microscopic particles carried by the air.

[0022] The publication West JS et al. “Innovations in air sampling to detect plant pathogens”, Annals of Applied Biology, Association of Applied Biologists, Wellesbourne, GB, vol. 166, no. 1, 19 January 2015, pages 4-17, XP071009576 presents the detection of specific biological particles, particularly applicable to plant pathologies, for their identification and quantification.

[0023] PRESENTATION OF THE INVENTION

[0024] The present invention aims to remedy all or part of the drawbacks of the state of the art.

[0025] To this end, the present invention relates to an aerosol capture station on a plot of agricultural land, characterized in that it comprises, on a support of sensors equipped with a base for support on the soil of this plot:

[0026] - a passive aerosol collector lower down, at a first height above ground level, comprising a support for a hydrophilic sheet and protection of this sheet against raindrops and

[0027] - at a second height above ground level, greater than the first height, an active aerosol collector comprising a motor for rotating at least one rotating arm supporting at least one rod coated with an aerosol-adhering substance. Thanks to these arrangements, the station of the invention enables the continuous capture, over several days and without the input of non-renewable electrical energy, of spores found on the ground and spores present in the air.

[0028] Preferably, the first height is less than fifty centimeters, which allows the passive sensor to receive the spores contained in the splashes caused by raindrops falling on the ground.

[0029] Preferably, the first layer should be more than twenty centimeters high. This prevents splashing caused by a pedestrian or vehicle passing over waterlogged ground.

[0030] The passive aerosol collector preferably includes a protective cover for a hydrophilic spore-capturing sheet against raindrops. For example, this cover is a horizontal cylinder open towards the ground in which the hydrophilic sheet is held. Preferably, at least one rod is oriented, from the rotating arm, towards the ground.

[0031] In optional embodiments, the support for the active aerosol sensor and the passive aerosol sensor includes two different masts.

[0032] In optional embodiments, the support for the passive aerosol sensor is a crop stake or a crop trellis wire.

[0033] In optional embodiments, the active aerosol sensor also includes a photovoltaic panel.

[0034] In optional embodiments, the second height is at least equal to 1.2 meters.

[0035] The photovoltaic panel is therefore preferentially located at or above the canopy of the crop present on the plot. This makes the photovoltaic panel particularly efficient.

[0036] In optional embodiments, the active aerosol sensor also includes a battery.

[0037] In optional embodiments, at least one rod is oriented, from the rotating arm, towards the base of the sensor support.

[0038] Thanks to these arrangements, gravity maintains the orientation of the rod and it can be protected from rain by the active sensor housing.

[0039] In optional embodiments, the sensor support is a straight mast and the protection of the hydrophilic sheet against raindrops is a truncated cylinder with an axis perpendicular to the axis of this mast, with a directrix in an arc of a circle open towards the base of this mast.

[0040] Thanks to these provisions, this protection is simple and inexpensive to manufacture.

[0041] In optional embodiments, the hydrophilic sheet support includes at least one clip and the inner face of the hydrophilic sheet protection against raindrops.

[0042] These features make positioning and removing the hydrophilic sheet easier.

[0043] In optional embodiments, the station further comprises a passive upper aerosol sensor, movable in rotation around an axis under the action of the wind to direct an airflow onto an aerosol adhesion surface.

[0044] Thanks to these arrangements, spores carried by the wind can be captured and analyzed.

[0045] In optional embodiments, the battery is configured to supply the motor with electrical power to allow its rotation for at least sixteen hours.

[0046] In optional embodiments, the photovoltaic panel is configured to provide, during a cloudy day, the battery with electrical energy enabling the motor to rotate for at least sixteen hours.

[0047] Thanks to each of these features, even in low sunlight, the battery ensures the continued rotation of the rods.

[0048] In optional embodiments, the motor is configured to rotate the arm at a speed between 1,200 and 4,800 revolutions per minute.

[0049] Thanks to these arrangements, all the spores present in the air stirred by the rods are captured.

[0050] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

[0051] Other advantages, purposes and specific features of the invention will become apparent from the following non-limiting description of at least one particular embodiment of the aerosol capture station that is the subject of the present invention, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0052] Figure 1 schematically represents, in front view, a particular embodiment of the station that is the subject of the invention. Figure 2 schematically represents, in side view, the station illustrated in [Fig. 1].

[0053] Figure 3 schematically represents, in side view, an active sensor of the station illustrated in Figures 1 and 2.

[0054] Figure 4 schematically represents, in front view, the active sensor illustrated in [Fig. 3],

[0055] Figure 5 schematically represents, from the rear view, the active sensor illustrated in Figures 3 and 4.

[0056] Figure 6 schematically and in perspective view represents the interior of a housing for the active sensor illustrated in figures 3 to 5,

[0057] Figure 7 schematically represents, in perspective view, a passive sensor of the station illustrated in Figures 1 and 2.

[0058] Figure 8 schematically represents, in front view, the passive sensor illustrated in [Fig. 7], and

[0059] Figure 9 represents, in the form of a flowchart, the implementation steps of a station that is the subject of the invention.

[0060] DESCRIPTION OF IMPLEMENTATION METHODS

[0061] The present description is given by way of non-limiting attribution, each feature of an embodiment being able to be advantageously combined with any other feature of any other embodiment.

[0062] It should be noted from the outset that the figures are not to scale.

[0063] As can be understood from this description, various inventive concepts can be implemented by one or more of the methods or stations described below, several examples of which are provided herein. The actions or steps performed in the implementation of the method or station can be ordered in any appropriate manner. Consequently, it is possible to construct embodiments in which the actions or steps are performed in a different order than that illustrated, which may include performing certain actions simultaneously, even if they are presented as sequential actions in the illustrated embodiments.

[0064] The indefinite articles "a" and "an," as used in the description, should be understood as meaning "at least one," unless clearly stated otherwise. The expression "and / or," as used in this document, should be understood as meaning "either one or both" of the elements thus joined, that is, elements that are present conjunctively in some cases and disjunctively in others. Multiple elements listed with "and / or" should be interpreted in the same way, that is, "one or more" of the elements thus joined. Other elements may possibly be present, other than those specifically identified by the "and / or" clause, whether or not they are related to those specifically identified elements.Thus, by way of non-limiting example, a reference to "A and / or B", when used in conjunction with an open language such as "including", may refer, in one embodiment, to A only (possibly including elements other than B); in another embodiment, to B only (possibly including elements other than A); in yet another embodiment, to A and B (possibly including other elements); etc.

[0065] As used here in the description, "or" should be understood inclusively.

[0066] As used in this description, the expression "at least one," when referring to a list of one or more items, should be understood as meaning at least one item chosen from one or more items in the list of items, but not necessarily including at least one of each item specifically listed in the list of items and not excluding any combination of items in the list of items. This definition also allows for the optional presence of items other than those specifically identified in the list of items to which the expression "at least one" refers, whether or not they are related to those specifically identified items.Thus, by way of non-limiting example, "at least one of A and B" (or, equivalently, "at least one of A or B", or, equivalently, "at least one of A and / or B") may refer, in one embodiment, to at least one, possibly including more than one, A, without B present (and possibly including elements other than B); in another embodiment, to at least one, possibly including more than one, B, without A present (and possibly including elements other than A); in yet another embodiment, to at least one, possibly including more than one, A, and at least one, possibly including more than one, B (and possibly including other elements); etc.In the description below, all transitive expressions such as "comprising", "including", "carrying", "having", "containing", "implying", "holding", "composed of", and others, should be understood as open, that is, as meaning including, but not limited to. Only the transitive expressions "consisting of" and "consisting essentially of" should be understood as closed or semi-closed transitive expressions, respectively.

[0067] Throughout this description, the terms "upper" and "top" refer to what is at the top when the station of the present invention is in its operational configuration. The top of the station is shown in Figures 1 through 8. The terms "lower" and "bottom" refer to what is at the bottom when the station of the present invention is in its operational configuration. The term "interior" or "internal" refers to what is inside an element of the station. The term "exterior" or "external" refers to what is outside an element of the station. The term "front view" refers to the horizontal view of the station with a photovoltaic panel oriented.

[0068] The objective of the capture station described in figures 1 to 8 is to collect spores of pathogens of fungal diseases in agriculture in order to integrate this data into modeling algorithms, as well as bioaerosols contained in the atmosphere.

[0069] As illustrated in figures 1 and 2, this capture station 20 consists of at least two sensors 30 and 50 carried by a support 21. In this embodiment, the support 21 consists of a vertical mast 21 equipped with a foot 22. This foot 22 is the part of the support that penetrates the ground.

[0070] In this embodiment, the foot 22 is a stake driven into the ground 15. In variations, this foot is a substantial mass placed on the ground 15. The lower sensor 50, described opposite Figures 7, 8, and 9, is a passive sensor positioned at a first height 16, preferably less than fifty centimeters above the ground level 15, and therefore above the foot 22, and preferably at a first height 16 greater than twenty centimeters. This height 16 ensures that the hydrophilic leaf 52 of the lower passive sensor 50 receives splashes caused by raindrops containing spores in the event of the presence of spore-bearing pathogens on the soil 15 of the plot surrounding the foot 22. Preferably, the hydrophilic leaf 52 faces the ground 15.The upper sensor 30, described opposite figures 3 to 6, is an active sensor, positioned at a second height 17, above ground level, therefore above the foot 22, higher than the first height 16. In embodiments, such as that shown in the figures, the active sensor 30 includes a photovoltaic panel 31. Typically, the second height 17 is greater than 1.2 meters so that the photovoltaic panel 31 is not, with respect to the sun, masked by branches or leaves of the crop present on the plot.

[0071] In other embodiments (not shown), a power supply is located remotely from the support 21, for example outside the plot of land. The power supply then takes the form of a connection to an electrical grid, a wind turbine or photovoltaic panels, for example.

[0072] In the embodiment shown in Figures 1 and 2, the station 20 further comprises an upper passive aerosol collector 40, which rotates about an axis 42 under the action of the wind to direct an airflow onto a surface 41 for the adhesion of particles, particularly spores, present in this airflow in aerosol form. For example, the upper passive collector 40 takes the form of a wind vane comprising a funnel 43 whose largest cross-section is oriented towards the wind and, at the outlet of this funnel 43, the surface 41.

[0073] As illustrated in figures 3 to 6, the active sensor 30 comprises a housing 34 mounted on the mast 21 by mechanical fastening means 33. The housing 34 is, for example, made of rigid plastic material, such as PVC (Polyvinyl chloride).

[0074] Preferably, the housing 34 contains a battery 37 and a motor 39 for rotating at least one rotating arm 35 supporting at least one stick 36 coated with an aerosol adhesion substance, for example Vaseline.

[0075] In other embodiments, a battery is carried by the support 21 outside the upper housing 34. In still other embodiments, the station which is the subject of the invention does not include a battery.

[0076] In the particular embodiment shown in the figures, a single arm 35 supports three rods 36. The arm 35 rotates about a vertical axis parallel to the axis 42 of the mast 21 and the rotation axis of the upper passive sensor 40. At least one rod 36 is oriented, from the rotating arm 35, towards the ground, i.e., also towards the base 22 of the mast 21. The motor 39 is configured to rotate the arm 35 at a speed between 1,200 and 4,800 revolutions per minute. A support 32 supports a photovoltaic panel 31 at an angle. Typically, the photovoltaic panel has a peak power greater than 10 W, for example, 20 W.

[0077] The photovoltaic panel 31 is configured to supply, during a cloudy day, the battery 37 with electrical energy enabling the rotation of the motor 39 for at least sixteen hours and, preferably, at least 48 hours.

[0078] The battery 37 is configured to supply the motor 39 with electrical power enabling its rotation for at least sixteen hours and, preferably, at least 48 hours.

[0079] More generally, the photovoltaic panel 31 and the battery 37 are configured to continuously power the entire station 20, including its active sensor 30, regardless of weather conditions.

[0080] Typically, battery 37 has a voltage of 12 V and a capacity of 9 Ah.

[0081] Figure 6 shows that the housing 34 also contains an electrical control board 38 for the control, power supply and operation of the motor 39. An on / off switch (not shown) located outside the housing 34 allows an operator to activate or stop the motor 39, in particular to replace the rods 36.

[0082] The rotation of the arm 35 is continuous, except during the sampling and changing phases of the rods 36. Figures 7 and 8 show that the lower passive sensor 50 takes the form of a protective cover 53 for a hydrophilic sheet 52 against raindrops. This cover 53 is shaped like a truncated cylinder with its axis perpendicular to the axis of this mast, its directrix a circular arc, and open towards the base 22 of the mast 21.

[0083] As illustrated in [Fig. 8], the support for the hydrophilic sheet 52 includes at least one clip 51 and the inner face of the protection 53 for the hydrophilic sheet 52 against raindrops. Mounting holes 54 allow the passive sensor 50 to be attached to the mast 21 or, alternatively, to another element present on the plot, for example another mast, a crop stake, for example a vine, or a crop trellis wire.

[0084] For example, the lower passive sensor 50 consists of a PVC half-tube 53 with a length preferably less than 30 centimeters.

[0085] At least one collection matrix 52, of the "blotting paper" or "Wattman paper" type, is positioned on the inner face of this half-tube 53. Each matrix 52 is held in position by means of "gripper"-type gripping means 51 positioned on either side of the PVC half-tube 53. The PVC tube 53 is fixed to the mast 21 of the capture station 20 using a hose clamp. It is preferably positioned at a height between 20 and 50 cm. This lower passive sensor 50 can also be positioned on crop stakes or crop trellis wires.

[0086] The optimized and compact design of the Capture Station 20 reduces the operational constraints on plots caused by tillage and topping operations. The Capture Station 20 minimizes its footprint, thus reducing the impact on plowing and weeding. For example, in French vineyards, where vine rows are often narrow, the compact Capture Station 20 allows agricultural machinery, such as tractors and inter-row cultivators, to move freely, optimizing soil management without compromising disease monitoring.

[0087] This capture station 20 is installed, for example, in vineyard plots to analyze the presence and quantity of pathogens associated with vine diseases (in particular, downy mildew, powdery mildew, Black Rot (Guignardia bidwellii), and grey rot). For example, the capture station 20 is positioned in the vineyard plots in March or April and removed in September.

[0088] In some embodiments (not shown), the housing 34 also includes a temperature, pressure, humidity, and / or rainfall sensor. The measurements taken by this sensor are stored in memory for analysis.

[0089] As illustrated in [Fig. 9], a method 60 for operating a capture station of the invention comprises, first, a step 61 of setting up the capture station in a plot, in the configuration illustrated in Figures 1 and 2. During a step 62, a hydrophilic sheet 52 is positioned in the lower passive sensor 50. During a step 63, sampling sticks 36 are placed on the rotating arm 35, and then Vaseline is applied to the sticks 36.

[0090] During a step 64, the motor 39 which drives the rotation of the arm 35 is started, for example at 2,400 revolutions per minute via the on / off switch.

[0091] During step 65, which typically lasts several days, the motor 39 continues to run continuously, powered by the photovoltaic panel 31, if the station of the invention is equipped with such a panel. After a predetermined period, for example 48 or 72 hours, during step 66, the motor 39 is stopped by means of the on / off switch.

[0092] During step 67, the sticks 36 are removed and packaged in a tube, for example of 5 millilitres.

[0093] In step 68, the hydrophilic sheet 52 is removed and prepared for analysis.

[0094] Following step 68, we return to step 62, on the one hand, and we analyze in the laboratory the samples taken from the sticks 36 and from the hydrophilic sheet 52, on the other hand.

[0095] Steps 62 to 68, for example, are repeated every two to three days for four to five months, or about 60 times a year.

[0096] As can be understood from reading the preceding description, the capture station which is the subject of the invention has many advantages.

[0097] It allows a combination of air and rainwater sampling sensors to target all phases of each biological cycle, in order to have the most sensitive and accurate measurement possible of downy mildew, powdery mildew, black rot and grey rot.

[0098] The energy-intensive functions of the active sensor 30 are reduced. The active sensor 30, thus energy-optimized, can then be powered by a 10 W or 20 W power supply, which makes it possible, even if a photovoltaic panel is supported by the bracket 21, to minimize the volume of the station 20 and integrate it into the heart of the plots without hindering the passage of agricultural machinery.

[0099] The design of station 20 eliminates the need for power cables.

Claims

DEMANDS 1. Aerosol capture station (20) on an agricultural plot, which comprises, on a support (21) of sensors (30, 40, 50) equipped with a foot (22) for support on the earth of this plot, a lower passive aerosol collector (50), at a first height (16) above ground level, comprising a support (51) of a hydrophilic sheet (52) and a protection (53) of this sheet against raindrops, characterized in that it further comprises, at a second height (17) above ground level, higher than the first height, an active aerosol collector (30), comprising a motor (39) for rotating at least one rotating arm (35) supporting at least one rod (36) coated with an aerosol adhesion substance.

2. Station (20) according to claim 1, wherein the first height is less than fifty centimeters.

3. Station (20) according to either claim 1 or 2, wherein the first height is greater than twenty centimeters.

4. Station (20) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the support for the active aerosol sensor (30) and the passive aerosol sensor (50) comprises two different masts.

5. Station (20) according to claim 4, wherein the support for the passive aerosol sensor (50) is a crop stake or a crop trellis wire.

6. Station (20) according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the active aerosol sensor (30) further comprises a photovoltaic panel (31).

7. Station (20) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein active aerosol sensor (30) further comprises a battery (37).

8. Station (20) according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the second height (17) is at least equal to 1.2 meters.

9. Station (20) according to any one of claims 1 to 8, in which at least one rod (36) is oriented, from the rotating arm (35), towards the foot (22) of the support (21) of sensors (30, 40, 50).

10. Station (20) according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the support (21) for sensors (30, 40, 50) is a straight mast and the protection (53) is a hydrophilic sheet (52) against raindrops is a truncated cylinder with an axis perpendicular to the axis of this mast, with a directrix in an arc of a circle open towards the foot (22) of this mast.

11. Station (20) according to claim 10, wherein the support (51) of the hydrophilic sheet (52) comprises at least one clip and the inner face of the protection (53) of the hydrophilic leaf against raindrops.

12. Station (20) according to any one of claims 1 to 11, which further comprises a passive upper aerosol sensor (40), movable in rotation about an axis (42) under the action of the wind to direct an airflow onto an aerosol adhesion surface (41).

13. Station (20) according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the battery (37) is configured to supply the motor (39) with electrical power enabling its rotation for at least sixteen hours.

14. Station (20) according to claim 13, wherein the photovoltaic panel (31) is configured to supply, during a cloudy day, to the battery (37) electrical energy enabling the rotation of the motor (39) for at least sixteen hours.

15. Station (20) according to any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein the motor (39) is configured to rotate the arm (35) at a speed between 1,200 and 4,800 revolutions per minute.

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