Fluidized bed, and fluidized bed-based fly ash tank car for railways

Abstract

A fluidized bed, and a fluidized bed-based fly ash tank car for railways. The fluidized bed is supported by three support units, two partition plates (15) and two heads, forming a large-inclination fluidized bed structure having a plurality of air chambers and a plurality of material compartments. By combining the support of fluidization cloth and vibration applied to a first vent hole (211) and second vent holes (212) on the fluidized bed, powder remaining in a tank can be fully fluidized, thereby effectively solving the problem of excessive powder remaining in the tank during unloading, significantly increasing the vehicle unloading rate. The technical problems occurring when using existing railway transportation tank cars to transport fly ash, including a relatively small volume, and a relatively high residual amount after unloading and poor transportation economy caused by the horizontal conveying distance of railway cement tank cars failing to satisfy the requirements for long-distance unloading when the distance between the ground facility and the railway line exceeds 160 m, are solved.

Description

A fluidized bed and a fluidized bed-based railway fly ash tank car Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to railway transport tank cars, and more particularly to a fluidized bed and a railway fly ash tank car based on a fluidized bed. Background Technology

[0002] Fly ash is a powdery solid waste produced after coal combustion in power plants. Due to its unique chemical properties, fly ash can be transformed from solid waste into valuable materials. For example, it can be used as a building material, or converted into cenospheres or micro-compound fertilizers. In industry, various substances such as iron, carbon, copper, germanium, and scandium can be recovered from fly ash. In addition, some fly ash is used for backfilling working faces in coal mines to prevent mine tremors and collapses. Therefore, the demand for fly ash from various industries is increasing, and correspondingly, the market demand for fly ash transportation is also rising.

[0003] Because fly ash is a bulk cargo that easily generates dust and causes significant pollution, road transport typically uses semi-trailer trucks, while rail transport mainly uses open-top containers, U-shaped cement tank cars, and tank containers. Road transport is relatively more expensive than rail transport, while rail transport lacks dedicated fly ash tank cars. Currently, 21-ton axle load railway cement tank cars are commonly used to transport fly ash, but their volume is only 54 cubic meters. 3 The small volume of the cement trucks results in a lower carrying capacity per trip. Furthermore, when the distance between the ground facilities and the railway line exceeds 160m, the horizontal transport distance of the railway cement trucks cannot meet the requirements for long-distance unloading, leading to a higher residual amount after unloading and poor transportation economics. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to solve the technical problems of low carrying capacity and insufficient horizontal conveying distance of railway cement tank cars when transporting fly ash using existing railway tank cars, which result in high residual amount after unloading and poor transportation economy when the distance between ground facilities and railway lines exceeds 160m. The invention provides a fluidized bed and a railway fly ash tank car based on the fluidized bed.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution provided by the present invention is as follows:

[0006] A fluidized bed, characterized in that it includes a fluidized bed support and a chute;

[0007] The fluidized bed support includes three support units, two partition plates, and two head supports; the support unit includes two longitudinal supports and N sets of annular supports, where N≥4 and is an even number;

[0008] The upper middle part of the longitudinal support is flat, and the slope gradually increases on both sides; the two longitudinal support structures are identical and are arranged relatively parallel.

[0009] Each set of ring supports includes a transverse central support plate and two ring support plates; N transverse central support plates are transversely connected between two longitudinal supports, and 2N ring support plates are transversely symmetrically connected in pairs to the outside of the two longitudinal supports at the positions corresponding to the N transverse central support plates; the upper end of the transverse central support plate is a plane, and the ring support plate is an arched structure with its straight section inclined upwards.

[0010] Three support units are arranged sequentially along the longitudinal direction, and adjacent support units are separated and connected by corresponding partition plates. The partition plates are irregular plate-shaped structures, with the upper end corresponding to the position of the transverse middle support plate being a plane, and the position corresponding to the positions of the two side ring support plates being an inclined plane with the same inclination angle as the ring support plates. The height of the plane position of the partition plate is higher than the height of the longitudinal support end.

[0011] The two head supports are respectively installed at the outer ends of the first and last support units;

[0012] The lower ends of the longitudinal support, transverse middle support plate, ring support plate, partition plate and end cap support are respectively shaped to correspond to the positions of the tank to be installed; the longitudinal support, transverse middle support plate, ring support plate and end cap support are respectively provided with multiple through holes;

[0013] The chute is installed on the fluidized bed support. The chute passes through the partition plate and the upper surface of the frame formed by the longitudinal support, the transverse middle support plate, the ring support plate and the end support. The chute has multiple vent holes axially opened at the positions of each transverse middle support plate, and fluidizing cloth is laid on its upper surface at the positions of the vent holes.

[0014] Furthermore, each longitudinal support includes a longitudinal central support plate and two longitudinal side support plates connected to both ends of the longitudinal central support plate; the upper end of the longitudinal central support plate is a plane, and the upper end of the longitudinal side support plates is an inclined plane;

[0015] Two of the N transverse central support plates are respectively set at the position where the longitudinal side support plates on both sides connect to the longitudinal central support plate. The remaining transverse central support plates are divided into two groups and symmetrically distributed at the positions of the corresponding longitudinal side support plates on both sides. The height of each transverse central support plate is lower than the height of the corresponding position of the longitudinal side support plate.

[0016] The head support includes a central support plate and four arched side support plates. The central support plate has the same structure as the transverse central support plate and is transversely connected between the outer ends of the two longitudinal side support plates at either of the first and last support units. Two of the side support plates are transversely symmetrically connected to the outer sides of the two longitudinal side support plates at positions corresponding to the central support plate, and the other two are longitudinally connected to the outer ends of the two longitudinal side support plates. The height of the central support plate is equal to the height of the highest position of the longitudinal side support plates.

[0017] Furthermore, the arch foot position on one side of the ring support plate and the arch foot position on one side of the end cap support plate are respectively provided with flat cut surfaces that are adapted to the height of the corresponding position of the longitudinal side support plate, so as to realize the connection between the ring support plate, the end cap support plate and the longitudinal side support plate at the corresponding positions respectively.

[0018] The angle between the upper end of the transverse middle support plate and the plane containing the straight segment of the ring support plate, the angle between the upper end of the head middle support plate and the plane containing the straight segment of the head side support plate, and the angle between the plane of the upper end of the partition plate and its inclined surface are all less than or equal to 41°.

[0019] Furthermore, the chute includes a porous fluidizing plate, two side chute plates disposed on both sides of the porous fluidizing plate, and two end chute plates disposed at both ends of the porous fluidizing plate;

[0020] The porous fluidizing plate is positioned on the upper surface of the frame formed by multiple transverse middle support plates and the middle support plates of the two end caps. The two side slides are respectively positioned on the upper surface of the frame formed by the two side ring support plates, the longitudinal middle support plate, the longitudinal side support plate and the corresponding end cap side support plates. The two end slides are respectively positioned on the upper surface of the frame formed by the middle support plates of the two end caps and the end cap side support plates.

[0021] Furthermore, N = 4;

[0022] The arc-shaped section of the ring support plate has bridge holes near both ends, and a tangent is provided between the two bridge holes.

[0023] Furthermore, the porous fluidized plate is covered with fluidizing cloth, and the porous fluidized plate has a first vent hole and a plurality of second vent holes axially formed; the diameter of the first vent hole is larger than the diameter of the second vent holes.

[0024] Both sides of the porous fluidizing plate are provided with upward folded edges; the angle of the folded edges is equal to 41°, and multiple bolt fixing holes are axially opened on the folded edges for fixing the fluidizing cloth to the upper surface of the porous fluidizing plate.

[0025] Furthermore, the longitudinal center support plate, longitudinal side support plate, transverse center support plate, ring support plate, head center support plate, head side support plate, perforated fluidizing plate, side slide plate and end slide plate are all made of stainless steel.

[0026] In addition, the present invention also provides a railway fly ash tank car based on a fluidized bed, including a tank body, a traction bolster, two bogies, an air inlet and unloading pipeline and a braking device. The tank body is mounted on the bogies at both ends via the traction bolster. A walkway is provided on the top of the tank body, and an end ladder leading to the walkway is provided on one side of the tank body. Its special feature is that it also includes the aforementioned fluidized bed.

[0027] The tank body includes a straight cylindrical body, conical cylindrical bodies respectively connected to both ends of the straight cylindrical body, and end caps respectively connected to the outer ends of the two conical cylindrical bodies;

[0028] The top of the straight cylinder and the conical cylinder are respectively provided with manholes for feeding materials; at least one of the manholes is provided with an internal ladder for maintenance.

[0029] The fluidized bed is axially arranged at the bottom of the tank, and the lower ends of the transverse central support plate, ring support plate, and partition plate are welded to the inner wall of the straight cylinder or conical cylinder at the corresponding positions. The lower end of the head support is welded to the inner wall of the head. This is used to form an air cavity between the fluidized bed and the bottom of the tank, and to form a material cavity above the fluidized bed. The air cavity is divided into three air chambers by two partition plates, and the material cavity is partially divided into three material chambers.

[0030] The air inlet and discharge pipeline includes an air inlet pipeline, a discharge pipeline, and a venting pipeline. Both the air inlet pipeline and the discharge pipeline are horizontally installed on the outside of the tank near the bottom. The air inlet pipeline has three air inlet branches to supply air to the three air chambers respectively, so as to fluidize the powder on the fluidized bed. The discharge pipeline has three discharge branches to extract the fluidized powder from the three material chambers respectively. One end of the venting pipeline is connected to the upper end of the tank to release excess air in the tank.

[0031] Furthermore, the straight cylindrical body, the conical cylindrical body, and the end cap are all made of high-strength weather-resistant steel.

[0032] Furthermore, the top of the straight cylindrical body is provided with two manholes, and the inner ladder is located in one of the manholes;

[0033] The bogie has a load-bearing capacity of 27t; one end of the bolster is equipped with a coupler buffer device.

[0034] The advantages of this invention compared to the prior art are as follows:

[0035] 1. The fluidized bed provided by the present invention forms a large-angle fluidized bed structure with multiple air chambers and multiple material chambers through three support units, two partition plates and two end caps. Combined with the support of fluidized cloth and the shaking of the first and second vent holes on the fluidized bed, the residual powder in the tank can be fully fluidized, which effectively solves the problem of excessive residual powder in the tank during unloading and greatly improves the unloading rate of the vehicle.

[0036] 2. The railway fly ash tank car provided by this invention, based on a multi-air chamber and multi-material silo structure formed by a fluidized bed, maximizes the volume of the material silos inside the tank, enabling the tank car to have a volume of 80m³. 3 With a maximum load capacity of 83t, it effectively improves the loading volume and load capacity of the tank car. At the same time, it adopts a large-angle fluidized bed structure with multiple air chambers and multiple material chambers, so that the unloading residue rate is less than 0.25%. It is the largest volume, load capacity and lowest residue rate of powder cargo railway tank car in China. In addition, the four manholes serve as loading ports to ensure the effective loading capacity of the vehicle, which greatly improves the economic efficiency of railway transportation. It can be widely used in the railway transportation of powder cargo.

[0037] 3. The railway fly ash tank car of the present invention adopts high-strength weather-resistant steel tank material, which ensures the pressure resistance of the tank body, thereby improving the unloading working pressure of the tank car and solving the problem of excessive unloading and conveying distance. Attached Figure Description

[0038] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a fluidized bed-based railway fly ash tank car according to the present invention;

[0039] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the tank structure in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fluidized bed support in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the ring support plate of the fluidized bed support in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the slide structure in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the porous fluidizing plate in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the installation of the fluidized bed support and the slide in the embodiment of the invention.

[0045] The specific reference numerals in the attached drawings are as follows: 0-fluidized bed; 1-fluidized bed support; 11-longitudinal center support plate; 12-longitudinal side support plate; 13-transverse center support plate; 14-ring support plate; 141-bridge hole; 142-screw cut; 15-partition plate; 151-fixing plate; 16-head center support plate; 17-head side support plate; 2-slide plate; 21-perforated fluidized plate; 211-first vent hole; 212-second vent hole; 213-bolt fixing hole; 22-side slide plate; 23-end slide plate; 3-fluidized cloth; 4-tank body; 41-straight cylinder body; 42-conical cylinder body; 43-head; 44-manhole; 45-inner ladder; 5-traction pillow; 6-bogie; 7-air inlet and unloading pipeline; 8-braking device; 9-walkway; 10-coupler buffer device. Detailed Implementation

[0046] To make the advantages and features of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0047] A fluidized bed-based railway fly ash tank car is used to transport fly ash and similar powdery media on Chinese standard gauge railways. Its loading and unloading method is top loading and bottom unloading.

[0048] As shown in Figure 1, the railway fly ash tank car of the present invention has a beamless structure, specifically including a tank body 4, a ballast 5, two bogies 6, an air inlet and unloading pipeline 7, a braking device 8, and a fluidized bed 0. The ballast 5 is axially welded to the bottom of the tank body 4, and the ballast 5 is positioned near both ends on the corresponding bogies 6, meaning the tank body 4 is mounted on the bogies 6 via the ballast 5. In this embodiment, the bogie 6 has a load-bearing capacity of 27t. A coupler buffer device 10 is provided at one end of the ballast 5; the braking device 8 is located at the bottom of the tank body 4 and is used to apply braking force to the tank car. A walkway 9 is provided on the top of the tank body 4, with railings on both sides of the walkway 9, and an end ladder leading to the walkway 9 is provided on one side of the tank body 4.

[0049] As shown in Figure 2, the tank body 4 is a fish-belly shaped high-strength weathering steel tank structure, which can effectively ensure the pressure resistance of the tank body 4, enabling the unloading pressure to reach 0.4MPa and the horizontal unloading distance of the vehicle to reach 160m, meeting the requirements for long-distance unloading and transportation. Specifically, the tank body 4 includes a straight cylindrical body 41, conical cylindrical bodies 42 welded to both ends of the straight cylindrical body 41 and connected thereto, and end caps 43 welded to the outer ends of the two conical cylindrical bodies 42 and connected thereto. Preferably, the straight cylindrical body 41, the conical cylindrical body 42, and the end caps 43 are all made of high-strength weathering steel. In this embodiment, the top of the straight cylindrical body 41 is provided with two manholes 44, and the top of each of the two conical cylindrical bodies 42 is provided with one manhole 44, all for feeding materials; an inner ladder 45 is installed in one of the manholes 44 on the straight cylindrical body 41 for simultaneous maintenance.

[0050] As shown in Figures 3 to 7, the fluidized bed 0 includes a fluidized bed support 1, a chute 2, and a fluidizing cloth 3. The fluidized bed support 1 includes three support units, two partition plates 15, and two end cap supports.

[0051] Each support unit includes two longitudinal supports and four sets of annular supports. The two longitudinal supports have the same structure and are arranged relatively parallel to each other. Each longitudinal support includes a longitudinal central support plate 11 and two longitudinal side support plates 12 connected to both ends of the longitudinal central support plate 11. The upper end of the longitudinal central support plate 11 is flat, and the upper end of the longitudinal side support plate 12 is inclined. One end of the longitudinal side support plate 12 connected to the longitudinal central support plate 11 is at the same height as the longitudinal central support plate 11, and the other end is higher than the height of the longitudinal central support plate 11. That is, the middle part of the upper end of the longitudinal support is flat, and the two sides are gradually raised along the slope.

[0052] Each group of annular supports includes a transverse central support plate 13 and two annular support plates 14. The upper end of the transverse central support plate 13 is flat. The four transverse central support plates 13 are transversely connected between the two longitudinal supports. Two of the transverse central support plates 13 are respectively located at the position where the two longitudinal side support plates 12 connect to the longitudinal central support plate 11. The other two transverse central support plates 13 are symmetrically distributed on both sides at the positions corresponding to the longitudinal side support plates 12. The eight annular support plates 14 are transversely symmetrically connected in pairs to the outer sides of the two longitudinal side support plates 12 at the positions corresponding to the four transverse central support plates 13. The annular support plates 14 have an arched structure, and the plane containing their straight sections is inclined upwards, with an arc-shaped section at the lower end. Preferably, as shown in Figure 4, the ring support plate 14 is made by pressing a whole steel plate, and bridge holes 141 are respectively opened at the two ends of its arc section. A tangent 142 is set between the two bridge holes 141. After simulation analysis and verification, the design of the ring support plate 14 improves the process performance of the fluidized bed support 1 and the tank 4 while meeting the support requirements, and effectively reduces its own weight.

[0053] The three support units are arranged in sequence along the longitudinal direction, and adjacent support units are separated and connected by corresponding partition plates 15. The partition plate 15 is an irregular plate structure, with the upper end corresponding to the position of the transverse middle support plate 13 as a plane, and the position corresponding to the positions of the two side ring support plates 14 as an inclined surface with the same inclination angle as the ring support plate 14.

[0054] Two head supports are respectively located at the outer ends of the first and last support units. Specifically, the head supports include a head middle support plate 16 and four arched head side support plates 17; the head middle support plate 16 has the same structure as the transverse middle support plate 13, and is transversely connected between the outer ends of the two longitudinal side support plates 12 at either of the first and last support units, wherein two head side support plates 17 are transversely symmetrically connected to the outer sides of the two longitudinal side support plates 12 at positions corresponding to the head middle support plate 16, and the other two head side support plates 17 are longitudinally connected to the outer ends of the two longitudinal side support plates 12.

[0055] Preferably, one arched foot position of the ring support plate 12 and one arched foot position of the head side support plate 17 are respectively provided with flat cut surfaces of height adapted to the corresponding positions of the longitudinal side support plate 12, for connecting the ring support plate 12, the head side support plate 17 and the longitudinal side support plate 12 at the corresponding positions respectively. The included angle between the upper end of the transverse middle support plate 13 and the plane containing the straight segment of the ring support plate 14, the included angle between the upper end of the head middle support plate 16 and the plane containing the straight segment of the head side support plate 17, and the included angle between the plane of the upper end of the partition plate 15 and its inclined surface are all less than or equal to 41°.

[0056] The lower ends of the longitudinal center support plate 11, longitudinal side support plate 12, transverse center support plate 13, ring support plate 14, partition plate 15, head center support plate 16, and head side support plate 17 are respectively conformed to the corresponding positions inside the tank body 4, i.e., their curvature is adapted to fit them. This is used to weld the lower ends of the longitudinal center support plate 11, longitudinal side support plate 12, transverse center support plate 13, ring support plate 14, partition plate 15, head center support plate 16, and head side support plate 17 to the inner wall of the corresponding positions in the tank body 4.

[0057] Each transverse middle support plate 13 is lower than the corresponding position of the longitudinal side support plate 12, and the height difference is used to place the fluidizing plate 0. The height of the flat plate position of the partition plate 15 is higher than the height of the highest position of the longitudinal side support plate 12; the height of the head middle support plate 16 is equal to the height of the highest position of the longitudinal side support plate 12; multiple through holes are opened on the longitudinal middle support plate 11, the longitudinal side support plate 12, the transverse middle support plate 13, the ring support plate 14, the head middle support plate 16, and the head side support plate 17 for gas flow.

[0058] As shown in Figures 5 and 7, the chute 2 includes a porous fluidizing plate 21, two side chute plates 22 disposed on both sides of the porous fluidizing plate 21, and two end chute plates 23 disposed at both ends of the porous fluidizing plate 21. The upper end of the partition plate 15 passes through the corresponding positions of the porous fluidizing plate 21 and the side chute plates 22. The porous fluidizing plate 21 is welded to the upper surface of the frame formed by multiple transverse middle support plates 13 and the middle support plates 16 of the two side end caps, and is flush with the upper end of the corresponding position of the longitudinal side support plate 12. The two side chute plates 22 are respectively disposed on the upper surface of the frame formed by the two side ring support plates 14, the longitudinal middle support plate 11, the longitudinal side support plate 12, and the corresponding end cap side support plates 17. The two end chute plates 23 are respectively disposed on the upper surface of the frame formed by the middle support plates 16 and the end cap side support plates 17 of the two end caps. At the same time, fixing pieces 151 are respectively provided at both ends of the partition plate 15, which are used to fix the periphery of the chute 2 by welding the fixing pieces 151 to the corresponding parts of the tank body 4.

[0059] As shown in Figure 6, the porous fluidizing plate 21 is made from a single piece of steel sheet through a pressing process. It has one first vent 211 and multiple second vents 212 axially formed on its surface. The diameter of the first vent 211 is larger than that of the second vents 212, which is used to achieve better airflow and effectively improve the unloading rate. Both sides of the porous fluidizing plate 21 have upward-facing folded edges with an angle of 41°. Multiple bolt holes 213 are axially formed on these folded edges for laying the fluidizing cloth 3 on the upper surface of the porous fluidizing plate 21 and fixing it through the bolt holes 213.

[0060] As shown in Figure 7, the fluidized bed support 1 of the fluidized bed 0 is welded to the bottom of the tank 4, and the slide 2 is set on the upper surface of the fluidized bed support 1 to form an air cavity between the fluidized bed 0 and the bottom of the tank 4, and a material cavity above the fluidized bed 0. Simultaneously, two partition plates 15 divide the air cavity into air chambers A1, A2, and A3, and the material cavity into material chambers B1, B2, and B, facilitating compartmentalized cleaning operations during unloading and improving the vehicle unloading efficiency. Air chamber A1 is located below material chamber B1, air chamber A2 is located below material chamber B2, and air chamber A3 is located below material chamber B3.

[0061] In this invention, the longitudinal center support plate 11, the longitudinal side support plate 12, the transverse center support plate 13, the ring support plate 14, the head center support plate 16, the head side support plate 17, the porous fluidizing plate 21, the side slide plate 22, and the end slide plate 23 are all preferably made of stainless steel. In this embodiment, stainless steel of type Q450NQR1 is used.

[0062] The air inlet and discharge pipeline 7 includes an air inlet pipeline, a discharge pipeline, and a venting pipeline. Both the air inlet pipeline and the discharge pipeline are horizontally installed on the outside of the tank body 4 near the bottom. The air inlet pipeline is provided with three air inlet branches, which are used to supply air to air chambers A1, A2, and A3 respectively, so as to fluidize the powder on the fluidized bed 0. The discharge pipeline is provided with three discharge branches, which are used to suck up the fluidized powder in material chambers B1, B2, and B respectively. One end of the venting pipeline is connected to the upper end of the tank body 4 to release excess air in the tank body 4.

[0063] The technical parameters of the fluidized bed-based railway fly ash tank car in this embodiment are shown in Table 1:

[0064] Table 1

[0065] It can be seen that the railway fly ash tank car of the present invention has the characteristics of large volume, high load capacity, long unloading and conveying distance and low unloading residue, making it the railway transport tank car with the largest volume of powdery goods.

[0066] The above description is only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and is not intended to limit them. For those skilled in the art, modifications can be made to the specific technical solutions described in the above embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. However, these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions protected by the present invention.

Claims

1. A fluidized bed, characterized in that: It includes a fluidized bed support (1) and a chute (2); The fluidized bed support (1) includes three support units, two partition plates (15) and two head supports; the support unit includes two longitudinal supports and N sets of annular supports, where N≥4 and is an even number; The upper middle part of the longitudinal support is flat, and the slope gradually increases on both sides; the two longitudinal support structures are identical and are arranged relatively parallel. Each set of ring supports includes a transverse central support plate (13) and two ring support plates (14); N transverse central support plates (13) are transversely connected between two longitudinal supports, and 2N ring support plates (14) are transversely symmetrically connected in pairs to the outside of the two longitudinal supports at the positions corresponding to the N transverse central support plates (13); the upper end of the transverse central support plate (13) is a plane, and the ring support plate (14) is an arched structure, and the plane where its straight segment is located is inclined upwards; Three support units are arranged in sequence along the longitudinal direction, and adjacent support units are separated and connected by corresponding partition plates (15); the partition plate (15) is an irregular plate structure, the upper end of which is a plane corresponding to the position of the transverse middle support plate (13), and the position of the two side ring support plates (14) is an inclined plane with the same inclination angle as the ring support plate (14); the height of the plane position of the partition plate (15) is higher than the height of the longitudinal support end; The two head supports are respectively installed at the outer ends of the first and last support units; The longitudinal support, the transverse middle support plate (13), the ring support plate (14), the partition plate (15), and the lower end of the end cap support are respectively shaped to correspond to the positions of the tank to be installed; the longitudinal support, the transverse middle support plate (13), the ring support plate (14), and the end cap support are respectively provided with multiple through holes; The slide (2) is set on the fluidized bed support (1). The slide (2) passes through the partition plate (15) and the upper surface of the frame formed by the longitudinal support, the transverse middle support plate (13), the ring support plate (14) and the end support. The slide (2) has multiple vent holes axially opened at the positions corresponding to the transverse middle support plates (13), and fluidized cloth (3) is laid on its upper surface at the positions corresponding to the vent holes.

2. A fluidized bed according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each longitudinal support includes a longitudinal central support plate (11) and two longitudinal side support plates (12) connected to both ends of the longitudinal central support plate (11); the upper end of the longitudinal central support plate (11) is a plane, and the upper end of the longitudinal side support plate (12) is an inclined plane; Two of the N transverse middle support plates (13) are respectively set at the position where the two longitudinal side support plates (12) connect to the longitudinal middle support plate (11). The remaining transverse middle support plates (13) are divided into two groups and symmetrically distributed on both sides at the positions corresponding to the longitudinal side support plates (12). The height of each transverse middle support plate (13) is lower than the height of the corresponding position of the longitudinal side support plate (12). The head support includes a head middle support plate (16) and four arched head side support plates (17). The head middle support plate (16) has the same structure as the transverse middle support plate (13) and is transversely connected between the outer ends of the two longitudinal side support plates (12) at either end of the first and last support units. The two head side support plates (17) are transversely symmetrically connected to the outer sides of the two longitudinal side support plates (12) at positions corresponding to the head middle support plate (16), and the other two are longitudinally connected to the outer ends of the two longitudinal side support plates (12). The height of the head middle support plate (16) is equal to the height of the highest position of the longitudinal side support plates (12).

3. A fluidized bed according to claim 2, characterized in that: The arch foot position on one side of the ring support plate (12) and the arch foot position on one side of the end cap side support plate (17) are respectively provided with flat cut surfaces that are adapted to the height of the corresponding position of the longitudinal side support plate (12), so as to realize the connection between the ring support plate (12), the end cap side support plate (17) and the longitudinal side support plate (12) at the corresponding positions respectively. The angle between the upper end of the transverse middle support plate (13) and the plane containing the straight segment of the ring support plate (14), the angle between the upper end of the head middle support plate (16) and the plane containing the straight segment of the head side support plate (17), and the angle between the plane of the upper end of the partition plate (15) and its inclined plane are all less than or equal to 41°.

4. A fluidized bed according to claim 3, characterized in that: The chute (2) includes a porous fluidized plate (21), two side chutes (22) disposed on both sides of the porous fluidized plate (21), and two end chutes (23) disposed at both ends of the porous fluidized plate (21); The porous fluidizing plate (21) is positioned on the upper surface of the frame formed by multiple transverse middle support plates (13) and the middle support plates (16) of the two end caps. The two side slide plates (22) are respectively positioned on the upper surface of the frame formed by the two side ring support plates (14), the longitudinal middle support plate (11), the longitudinal side support plate (12) and the corresponding end cap side support plate (17). The two end slide plates (23) are respectively positioned on the upper surface of the frame formed by the middle support plates (16) of the two end caps and the end cap side support plates (17).

5. The fluidized bed according to claim 1, characterized in that: The N=4; The arc-shaped section of the ring support plate (14) is provided with bridge holes (141) near both ends, and a tangent (142) is provided between the two bridge holes (141).

6. The fluidized bed according to claim 1, characterized in that: The porous fluidized plate (21) has a first vent (211) and a plurality of second vents (212) axially formed on it; the diameter of the first vent (211) is larger than the diameter of the second vent (212); Both sides of the porous fluidizing plate (21) are provided with upward folded edges; the angle of the folded edges is equal to 41°, and multiple bolt fixing holes (213) are provided axially on the folded edges for fixing the fluidizing cloth (3) to the upper surface of the porous fluidizing plate (21).

7. The fluidized bed according to claim 1, characterized in that: The longitudinal center support plate (11), longitudinal side support plate (12), transverse center support plate (13), ring support plate (14), head center support plate (16), head side support plate (17), porous fluidizing plate (21), side slide plate (22) and end slide plate (23) are all made of stainless steel.

8. A fluidized bed-based railway fly ash tank car, comprising a tank body (4), traction pillows (5), two bogies (6), an air inlet and unloading pipeline (7), and a braking device (8), wherein the tank body (4) is mounted on the bogies (6) at both ends via the traction pillows (5), a walkway (9) is provided on the top of the tank body (4), and an end ladder leading to the walkway (9) is provided on one side of the tank body (4); characterized in that: It also includes the fluidized bed (0) as described in any one of claims 1-7; The tank body (4) includes a straight cylindrical body (41), conical cylindrical bodies (42) respectively connected to both ends of the straight cylindrical body (41), and end caps (43) respectively connected to the outer ends of the two conical cylindrical bodies (42); The top of the straight cylindrical body (41) and the conical cylindrical body (42) are respectively provided with manholes (44) for feeding materials; at least one of the manholes (44) is provided with an inner ladder (45) for maintenance. The fluidized bed (0) is axially arranged at the bottom of the tank (4), and the lower ends of the transverse middle support plate (13), ring support plate (14), and partition plate (15) are welded to the inner wall of the corresponding position of the straight cylinder (41) or conical cylinder (42). The lower end of the head support is welded to the inner wall of the head (43). This is used to form an air cavity between the fluidized bed (0) and the bottom of the tank (4), and to form a material cavity above the fluidized bed (0). The air cavity is divided into three air chambers by two partition plates (15), and the material cavity is half-divided into three material chambers. The air inlet and discharge pipeline (7) includes an air inlet pipeline, a discharge pipeline and a venting pipeline; the air inlet pipeline and the discharge pipeline are both horizontally installed on the outside of the tank body (4) near the bottom. The air inlet pipeline is provided with three air inlet branches, which are used to supply air to the three air chambers respectively, so that the powder on the fluidized bed (0) is fluidized; the discharge pipeline is provided with three discharge branches, which are used to draw the fluidized powder in the three material chambers respectively; one end of the venting pipeline is connected to the upper end of the tank body (4) to release the excess air in the tank body (4).

9. A railway fly ash tank car according to claim 8, characterized in that: The straight cylindrical body (41), the conical cylindrical body (42), and the end cap (43) are all made of high-strength weather-resistant steel.

10. A railway fly ash tank car according to claim 9, characterized in that: The top of the straight cylindrical body (41) is provided with two manholes, and the inner ladder (45) is located in one of the manholes; The bogie (8) has a load-bearing capacity of 27t; One end of the traction pillow (5) is provided with a coupler buffer device (10).

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