Spindle structure

Abstract

The present disclosure provides a spindle structure, comprising: a manifold plate, a rear housing, a spindle shaft, a deflector ring, and a rear spindle shaft end cover, wherein the rear housing is positioned around an outer periphery of at least a portion of a shaft segment of the spindle shaft, the manifold plate and the rear housing are arranged spaced apart in an axial direction, the deflector ring is also disposed between the manifold plate and the rear housing, at least a portion of a structure of the deflector ring is positioned around an outer periphery of at least a portion of a structure of the spindle shaft, the rear spindle shaft end cover is arranged at an axial upper end of the spindle shaft, an upper end of the rear spindle shaft end cover is provided with an accommodating cavity, the deflector ring is provided with a water outlet hole, and the water outlet hole is located below the accommodating cavity and communicates with the accommodating cavity, so that water within the accommodating cavity can be discharged to an exterior of the spindle structure by means of the water outlet hole. According to the present disclosure, water can be effectively prevented from entering a motor at a lower end of a spindle structure, thereby providing a sealing effect protecting the motor of the spindle structure from water ingress, and solving the problem in the related art of potential safety hazards caused by the susceptibility of motors of motorized spindles to internal water ingress.

Description

A spindle structure

[0001] This disclosure claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202411924880.1, filed with the Chinese Patent Office on December 25, 2024, entitled "A Main Axis Structure", the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] This disclosure relates to the field of spindle technology, specifically to a spindle structure. Background Technology

[0003] To reduce the transmission of the reaction force from the power cylinder compressing the elastic element to the bearings during tool changing, a floating tool-changing function will be added to improve spindle accuracy and lifespan. However, implementing this floating tool-changing and rear-end waterproofing function will increase the complexity of the spindle structure, making machining of spindle parts more difficult, and placing higher demands on the stability of the floating tool-changing process.

[0004] A related technology proposes a hydraulic floating tool release device for electric spindles. The release block hooks onto the fixed structure on the spindle from the outside to reduce the reverse tool-pulling force received by the bearing. The floating displacement of the hydraulic cylinder is achieved by four sets of spring guide rods, floating springs and fixed nuts. However, when the hydraulic cylinder floats, external dust, water vapor and other impurities can enter the spindle through the gap between the release block and the hydraulic cylinder support seat, increasing the risk of spindle failure.

[0005] Because of the technical problems of electric spindles in related technologies, such as water easily entering the motor, this disclosure studies and designs a spindle structure. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by this disclosure is to overcome the defect of water easily entering the motor of the electric spindle in the related technology, thereby providing a spindle structure.

[0007] To address the aforementioned problems, this disclosure provides a spindle structure comprising:

[0008] The assembly includes a pipe disc, a rear end seat, a shaft core, a water-retaining ring, and a rear shaft core end cap. The rear end seat is located on the outer periphery of at least a portion of the shaft core. The pipe disc and the rear end seat are axially spaced apart, and the water-retaining ring is also provided between the pipe disc and the rear end seat. At least a portion of the structure of the water-retaining ring is located on the outer periphery of at least a portion of the structure of the shaft core. The rear shaft core end cap is located at the upper axial end of the shaft core and has a receiving cavity at its upper end. The water-retaining ring has a water outlet hole located below the receiving cavity and communicating with the receiving cavity, so that water in the receiving cavity can be discharged to the outside of the main shaft structure through the water outlet hole.

[0009] In some implementations...

[0010] The inner radial end of the water-blocking ring extends radially inward by a first preset length and then extends radially inward by a second preset length towards the rear axle core end cover to form a water-blocking platform. The surface of the rear axle core end cover opposite to the end of the water-blocking platform is recessed inward toward the direction away from the water-blocking platform to form a rear locking ring groove. The end of the water-blocking platform can be inserted into the rear locking ring groove to form a snap-fit.

[0011] In some implementations...

[0012] The water-retaining ring includes a first segment extending radially inward for a first predetermined length and a second segment extending axially upward at the radially inner end of the first segment for a second predetermined length. The rear locking ring groove is a groove extending axially upward from the lower end face of the rear axle core end cover.

[0013] In some implementations...

[0014] The water-blocking ring has a fourth outlet hole, and the pipe plate has a fifth outlet hole. The fourth outlet hole is located below the fifth outlet hole and is connected to the fifth outlet hole. The fourth outlet hole and the water outlet hole are located at different circumferential positions on the water-blocking ring so that the motor lead wire can pass through the fourth outlet hole and the fifth outlet hole in sequence, and then be led upward through the fifth outlet hole.

[0015] In some implementations...

[0016] It also includes a rear bearing housing and a rear flange. The rear bearing housing is located on the inner periphery of the rear bearing seat and on the outer periphery of a portion of the shaft core structure. The rear flange is located on the inner periphery of the rear bearing seat and on the outer periphery of a portion of the shaft core structure. The rear flange is located at the upper axial end of the rear bearing housing. The rear bearing housing has a second cable outlet hole, and the rear flange has a third cable outlet hole. The rear bearing seat also has a first cable outlet hole located below the second cable outlet hole. The first, second, and third cable outlet holes are arranged opposite each other along the axial direction. The upper part of the third cable outlet hole communicates with the fourth cable outlet hole. The motor is located below the first cable outlet hole. The motor lead wire can be led out from the motor, pass upward sequentially through the first, second, third, fourth, and fifth cable outlet holes, and then lead out from the top of the pipe tray.

[0017] In some implementations...

[0018] It also includes a constant pressure preload spring, the rear end seat has a spring retainer ring extending to the axially lower end of the rear bearing seat, the axially lower end of the rear bearing seat has a spring hole in a direction away from the spring retainer ring, and the constant pressure preload spring is disposed in the spring hole.

[0019] In some implementations...

[0020] A cooling groove is provided on the radial inner peripheral wall of the rear end seat opposite to the rear bearing seat. The cooling groove is a groove formed on the radial inner peripheral wall of the rear end seat in a radially outward direction.

[0021] In some implementations...

[0022] It also includes a floating stator, at least a portion of which is located on the inner circumference of the pipe disc and on the outer circumference of the rear axle core end cover. The floating stator has a conductive channel extending from its radial outer circumference to its radial inner circumference. The radial inner circumference of the conductive channel communicates with the receiving cavity, and the radial outer circumference of the conductive channel communicates with the water outlet on the water baffle ring.

[0023] In some implementations...

[0024] It also includes a floating cylinder located at the axial upper end of at least a portion of the structure of the floating stator, and the pipe disc includes a limiting ring extending to the outer periphery of the floating cylinder, such that the outer periphery of the floating cylinder can be completely surrounded by the pipe disc.

[0025] In some implementations...

[0026] The lower axial end of the floating stator extends radially inward to the lower part of the structure of the rear shaft core end cover, forming a cutter ring. When the floating cylinder floats, the cutter ring can contact the lower end of the rear shaft core end cover to form a limit.

[0027] In some implementations...

[0028] At least a portion of the structure of the pipe disc is located at the upper axial end of at least a portion of the structure of the floating stator, and a return spring is provided between the axially opposite portions of the two, with the spring hole for the return spring located on the floating stator.

[0029] The spindle structure disclosed herein has the following beneficial effects:

[0030] 1. This disclosure provides a structure with a water-retaining ring between the pipe disc and the rear end seat, and a receiving cavity at the upper end of the rear shaft core end cover to accommodate water coming from above. The water-retaining ring has a water outlet located below and communicating with the receiving cavity, allowing water in the receiving cavity to be discharged to the outside of the main shaft structure through the water outlet. This effectively prevents water from entering the motor at the lower end of the main shaft structure, providing a waterproof seal for the motor and solving the problem of water easily entering the motor of the electric spindle in related technologies, causing safety hazards. Furthermore, this disclosure uses a water-retaining platform formed by the radially inner end of the water-retaining ring extending radially inward by a first preset length and then extending towards the rear shaft core end cover. This platform can cooperate with the rear locking groove on the rear shaft core end cover to form a snap-fit, further increasing the sealing length of the water-retaining ring and ensuring that the area from below the rear shaft core end cover to the water-retaining ring is effectively sealed by water guidance, further preventing water from entering the motor at the lower end of the electric spindle and improving the waterproof sealing effect on the electric spindle motor.

[0031] 2. Furthermore, the fourth outlet hole on the water baffle ring and the fifth outlet hole on the pipe plate can be connected to the first, second and third outlet holes below, thereby leading the motor lead wires upward in sequence. The fourth outlet hole and the water outlet hole on the water baffle ring are located at different positions in the circumferential direction, thereby preventing water from affecting the motor lead wires and improving the waterproof effect on the motor lead wires.

[0032] 3. This disclosure further improves the bearing capacity by placing the constant pressure preload spring on the rear bearing housing between the lower end of the rear bearing housing and the rear end seat, so that the constant pressure preload spring is located at the front end of the rear bearing housing (i.e., the end facing the motor). The constant pressure preload spring is subjected to force more directly, reducing the transmission chain. When the bearing preload is affected by temperature changes, the constant pressure preload spring can react more quickly to adjust the spring preload, thereby adjusting the preload on the bearing and making the output force more stable. This disclosure also improves the bearing capacity by opening the cooling groove on the radial inner wall of the rear end seat instead of the outer peripheral wall of the rear bearing housing. This increases the thickness of the rear bearing housing within a limited space, improves the rigidity of the rear bearing housing, and enhances the support stability of the rear bearing.

[0033] 4. This disclosure also improves the waterproof sealing effect on the motor at the lower end of the main shaft structure by setting a floating stator with a conductive channel thereon, which can effectively connect the receiving cavity at the upper end of the rear shaft core end cover with the water outlet hole on the water baffle ring to form a drainage channel; this disclosure also improves the stability of the floating cylinder during movement by extending the limiting ring on the pipeline plate to the outer periphery of the floating cylinder to completely surround the outer periphery of the floating cylinder; by using the puller ring structure that extends radially inward from the bottom of the floating stator to the lower part of the rear shaft core end cover structure, an axial limit can be formed between the floating stator and the rear shaft core end cover. Since the floating stator and the floating cylinder are fixedly connected, most of the reaction force on the bearing can be offset when the floating cylinder floats, thus improving the motion stability of the floating cylinder. Attached Figure Description

[0034] Figure 1 is a front sectional view of the main shaft structure of this disclosure;

[0035] Figure 2 is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the water-retaining ring in Figure 1;

[0036] Figure 3 is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the rear bearing housing in Figure 1;

[0037] Figure 4 is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the floating stator in Figure 1.

[0038] The reference numerals in the attached diagram are as follows: 1. Bushing; 2. Motor assembly; 3. Shaft core; 4. Tie rod assembly; 5. Shoulder; 6. Rear bearing front spacer; 7. Constant pressure preload spring; 8. Rear bearing seat; 8-1. Second cable outlet hole; 8-2. Spring hole; 8-3. First pin hole; 9. Rear bearing assembly; 10. Rear end seat; 10-1. Spring retaining ring; 10-2. First cable outlet hole; 10-3. Cooling tank; 11. Rear end flange; 11-1. Third cable outlet hole; 11-2. Boss; 12. Rear end spacer; 13. Encoder gear; 14. Water baffle ring; 14-1. Water outlet hole; 14-2. Fourth cable outlet hole; 14-3. Water baffle platform; 15. Rear end 16. Nut; 16. Rear axle core end cover; 161. Receiving cavity; 16-1. Dynamic balance screw hole; 16-2. Rear locking ring groove; 17. Pipe plate; 17-1. Dynamic balance hole; 17-2. Fifth cable outlet hole; 17-3. Limiting ring; 18. Floating stator; 181. Conducting channel; 18-1. Drawer ring; 18-2. Limiting platform; 18-3. Return spring hole; 18-4. Second pin hole; 18-5. Water passage hole; 18-6. Proximity switch passage groove; 19. Return spring; 20. Induction plate; 21. Floating cylinder; 22. Piston; 23. Cylinder cover; 24. Rotary joint; 25. Positioning pin. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this disclosure will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this disclosure, and not all embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative and is in no way intended to limit this disclosure or its application or use. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this disclosure without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this disclosure.

[0040] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to this disclosure. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms “comprising” and / or “including” are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0041] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions, and values ​​of the components and steps set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of this disclosure. It should also be understood that, for ease of description, the dimensions of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn to actual scale. Techniques, methods, and devices known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such techniques, methods, and devices should be considered part of the specification. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values ​​should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as limitations. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following drawings denote similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it need not be further discussed in subsequent drawings.

[0042] In the description of this disclosure, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by directional terms such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "horizontal, vertical, horizontal" and "top, bottom" is generally based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings and is only for the convenience of describing this disclosure and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise stated, these directional terms do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on the scope of protection of this disclosure; the directional terms "inner" and "outer" refer to the inner and outer contours relative to the outline of each component itself.

[0043] For ease of description, spatial relative terms such as "above," "on top of," "on the upper surface of," "above," etc., are used herein to describe the spatial positional relationship of a device or feature as shown in the figures to other devices or features. It should be understood that spatial relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations in use or operation beyond the orientation of the device as described in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures were inverted, a device described as "above" or "on top of" other devices or structures would subsequently be positioned as "below" or "under" other devices or structures. Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below." The device may also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatial relative descriptions used herein will be interpreted accordingly.

[0044] Furthermore, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to define components is merely for the purpose of distinguishing the corresponding components. Unless otherwise stated, the above terms have no special meaning and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this disclosure.

[0045] As shown in Figures 1-4, this disclosure provides a spindle structure (preferably an electric spindle), which includes:

[0046] The assembly includes a pipe disc 17, a rear end seat 10, a shaft core 3, a water-retaining ring 14, and a rear shaft core end cap 16. The rear end seat 10 is located on the outer periphery of at least a portion of the shaft core 3. The pipe disc 17 and the rear end seat 10 are axially spaced apart. The water-retaining ring 14 is also provided between the pipe disc 17 and the rear end seat 10. At least a portion of the structure of the water-retaining ring 14 is located on the outer periphery of at least a portion of the structure of the shaft core 3. The rear shaft core end cap 16 is located on the upper axial end of the shaft core 3. The upper end of the rear shaft core end cap 16 has a receiving cavity 161. The water-retaining ring 14 is provided with a water outlet hole 14-1. The water outlet hole 14-1 is located below the receiving cavity 161 and can communicate with the receiving cavity 161 so that water in the receiving cavity 161 can be discharged to the outside of the main shaft structure through the water outlet hole 14-1.

[0047] This disclosure provides a structure with a water-retaining ring between the pipe disc and the rear end seat, and a receiving cavity at the upper end of the rear shaft core end cover to accommodate water coming from above. The water-retaining ring has a water outlet located below and communicating with the receiving cavity, allowing water in the receiving cavity to be discharged to the outside of the main shaft structure through the water outlet. This effectively prevents water from entering the motor at the lower end of the main shaft structure, providing a waterproof seal for the motor of the main shaft structure and solving the problem in related technologies where water easily enters the motor of the electric spindle, causing safety hazards.

[0048] In some implementations...

[0049] The inner radial end of the water-blocking ring 14 extends radially inward by a first preset length and then extends radially inward by a second preset length towards the rear axle core end cover 16, forming a water-blocking platform 14-3. The rear axle core end cover 16 has a recessed rear locking ring groove 16-2 on the surface opposite to the end of the water-blocking platform 14-3, which is recessed away from the water-blocking platform 14-3. The end of the water-blocking platform 14-3 can be inserted into the rear locking ring groove 16-2 to form a snap-fit.

[0050] This disclosure further utilizes a water-blocking platform formed by extending the radially inner end of the water-blocking ring a first preset length inward and then towards the rear shaft core end cover. This platform can engage with the rear locking groove on the rear shaft core end cover to form a snap-fit, thereby further increasing the sealing length of the water-blocking ring against water. This also ensures that the area from below the rear shaft core end cover to the water-blocking ring can be effectively sealed by water guidance, further preventing water from entering the motor at the lower end of the electric spindle and improving the waterproof sealing effect on the electric spindle motor.

[0051] When the rotary joint 24 on the spindle leaks, the leaked water falls onto the induction plate 20 and flows to the rear shaft end cover 16. After passing through the water passage 18-5, it collects in the water baffle ring 14. The water baffle platform 14-3 on the water baffle ring 14 is high and forms a labyrinth seal with the rear shaft end cover 16, making it difficult for the leaked water to pass through the water baffle platform 14-3. Finally, the leaked water collected in the water baffle ring 14 is discharged out of the spindle through the outlet 14-1.

[0052] In some implementations...

[0053] The water-blocking ring 14 includes a first segment extending radially inward for a first predetermined length and a second segment extending axially upward at the radially inner end of the first segment for a second predetermined length. The rear locking ring groove 16-2 is a groove extending axially upward from the lower end face of the rear axle core end cover 16.

[0054] This is a further preferred structural form of the disclosed water-retaining ring, wherein the first segment of the water-retaining ring is a structure that extends radially inward, the second segment is a structure that extends axially toward the rear shaft end cap at the end of the second segment, and the rear locking ring groove is a groove that extends axially and can engage with the second segment, thereby increasing the waterproof sealing length of the water-retaining ring and improving the waterproof sealing effect.

[0055] The water-retaining ring 14 of this disclosure is preferably installed on the rear end seat 10. A sealing ring is provided between the water-retaining ring 14 and the positioning surface of the rear end seat 10. The rear axle core end cover 16 is installed at the rear end of the shaft core 3, pressing against the rear end nut 15 to prevent it from loosening. The water-retaining platform 14-3 on the water-retaining ring 14 is embedded in the rear end locking ring groove 16-2 on the rear axle core end cover 16 to form a labyrinth seal, and there is a gap between the water-retaining platform 14-3 and the rear end locking ring groove 16-2. The pipeline plate 17 is installed on the water-retaining ring 14, and a sealing ring is provided between the positioning surface of the pipeline plate 17 and the water-retaining ring 14. The floating stator 18 is positioned by the positioning pin 25 and installed on the floating cylinder 21, and is connected by the limiting platform 18-2 and... The floating cylinder 21 is used for positioning. The limiting platform 18-2 and the pipeline plate 17 are equipped with return springs 19. Several return spring holes 18-3 are arranged on the limiting platform 18-2. The cutter ring 18-1 on the floating stator 18 is located below the rear shaft end cover 16 with a gap. Several water passage holes are opened on the floating stator 18. One of the water passage holes 18-5 is aligned with the dynamic balance hole 17-1 (threaded hole) on the pipeline plate 17. The dynamic balance hole 17-1 is arranged radially on the rear shaft end cover 16. When the spindle is adjusted for dynamic balancing at the rear end, the adjustment is made by screwing the screw through the pipeline plate 17 and the floating stator 18 into the dynamic balance hole 17-1 on the rear shaft end cover 16.

[0056] In some implementations...

[0057] The water-blocking ring 14 has a fourth outlet hole 14-2, and the pipe plate 17 has a fifth outlet hole 17-2. The fourth outlet hole 14-2 is located below the fifth outlet hole 17-2 and communicates with the fifth outlet hole 17-2. The fourth outlet hole 14-2 and the water outlet hole 14-1 are located at different circumferential positions on the water-blocking ring 14, so that the motor lead wire can pass through the fourth outlet hole 14-2 and the fifth outlet hole 17-2 in sequence, and then be led upward through the fifth outlet hole 17-2.

[0058] This disclosure further connects the fourth outlet hole on the water baffle ring and the fifth outlet hole on the pipe plate to the first, second and third outlet holes below, thereby guiding the motor lead wires upward in sequence. The fourth outlet hole and the water outlet hole on the water baffle ring are located at different positions in the circumferential direction, thereby preventing water from affecting the motor lead wires and improving the waterproof effect on the motor lead wires.

[0059] In some implementations...

[0060] It also includes a rear bearing housing 8 and a rear flange 11. The rear bearing housing 8 is located on the inner periphery of the rear bearing seat 10 and on the outer periphery of a portion of the structure of the shaft core 3. The rear flange 11 is located on the inner periphery of the rear bearing seat 10 and on the outer periphery of a portion of the structure of the shaft core 3. The rear flange 11 is located at the axial upper end of the rear bearing housing 8. The rear bearing housing 8 has a second cable outlet hole 8-1, and the rear flange 11 has a third cable outlet hole 11-1. The rear bearing seat 10 also has a first cable outlet hole 11-1 located below the second cable outlet hole 8-1. 0-2, the first outlet hole 10-2, the second outlet hole 8-1 and the third outlet hole 11-1 are all arranged opposite each other along the axial direction. The upper part of the third outlet hole 11-1 communicates with the fourth outlet hole 14-2. The motor is located below the first outlet hole 10-2. The motor lead wire can be led out from the motor, pass upward through the first outlet hole 10-2, the second outlet hole 8-1, the third outlet hole 11-1, the fourth outlet hole 14-2 and the fifth outlet hole 17-2 in sequence, and then lead out from the top of the pipe plate 17.

[0061] This is a further preferred structural form of the present disclosure. The rear bearing housing can support the rear bearing, and the second cable outlet on the rear bearing housing can form an axially opposite and connected structure with the third cable outlet on the rear flange and the first cable outlet on the rear seat. This allows the motor lead wires below to be led out through the aforementioned first, second, and third cable outlets, and then through the fourth cable outlet of the water baffle ring and the fifth cable outlet of the pipe plate to the outside of the main shaft structure above the pipe plate, preventing the motor lead wires from being corroded by water and improving the waterproof effect on the motor lead wires.

[0062] The motor assembly 2 of this disclosure has its wires passing through the first wire outlet hole 10-2 on the rear end seat 10, the second wire outlet hole 8-1 on the rear bearing seat 8, the third wire outlet hole 11-1 on the rear end flange 11, the fourth wire outlet hole 14-2 on the water baffle ring 14, and the fifth wire outlet hole 17-2 on the pipe plate 17. The fourth wire outlet hole 14-2 (designed as an oblique hole) on the water baffle ring 14 communicates with the fifth wire outlet hole 17-2. The water baffle ring 14 between the pipe plate 17 and the rear end seat 10 can block the motor wire outlet hole to prevent leaked water from flowing into the motor assembly 2.

[0063] In some implementations...

[0064] It also includes a constant pressure preload spring 7, the rear end seat 10 has a spring retainer ring 10-1 extending to the axial lower end of the rear bearing seat 8, the axial lower end of the rear bearing seat 8 is provided with a spring hole 8-2 in a direction away from the spring retainer ring 10-1, and the constant pressure preload spring 7 is disposed in the spring hole 8-2.

[0065] This disclosure also involves placing a constant pressure preload spring on the rear bearing housing between the lower end of the rear bearing housing and the rear end seat, so that the constant pressure preload spring is located at the front end of the rear bearing housing (i.e., the end facing the motor). The constant pressure preload spring is subjected to force more directly, reducing the transmission chain. When the bearing preload is affected by temperature changes, the constant pressure preload spring can react more quickly to adjust the spring preload, thereby adjusting the preload on the bearing and making the output force more stable.

[0066] The motor assembly 2 disclosed herein is located between the bushing 1 and the shaft core 3. The rear end seat 10 is mounted on the end face of the bushing 1, and both are provided with sealing rings on the positioning surfaces. The rear bearing seat 8 is positioned by a positioning pin arranged on the spring retaining ring 10-1 with a first pin hole 8-3 at its front end, so that the front end of the rear bearing seat 8 rests against the spring retaining ring 10-1 of the rear end seat 10. A constant pressure preload spring 7 is provided between the spring retaining ring 10-1 and the rear bearing seat 8. Several spring holes 8-2 are arranged on the rear bearing seat 8. Sealing rings are arranged at both ends of the cooling groove 10-3 between the rear end seat 10 and the rear bearing seat 8. The rear bearing assembly 9 is mounted on the rear bearing seat 8. The inner ring of the rear bearing assembly 9 is positioned by the shoulder 5 and the rear bearing front spacer 6, and then locked by the rear spacer 12, the encoder gear 13, and the rear nut 15. The outer ring of the rear bearing assembly 9 is positioned by the rear bearing seat. The rear flange 11 is fixed to the rear end of the rear bearing seat 8. There is a gap between the boss 11-2 on the rear end and the rear spacer 12. The rear spacer 12 is provided with a triangular groove ring, which, together with the boss 11-2 on the rear end flange 11, prevents impurities from entering the rear bearing assembly 9. There is a gap between the rear end flange 11 and the outer ring of the rear bearing assembly 9. When the rear bearing assembly 9 is heated and elongated during operation, the rear bearing housing 8 and the rear end flange 11 will move towards the front end to compress the positioning preload spring 7. Because there is a gap between the rear end flange 11 and the outer ring of the rear bearing assembly 9, the rear end flange 11 can move without contacting the outer ring of the rear bearing assembly 9. When the temperature of the rear bearing assembly 9 decreases and it shortens, the positioning preload spring 7 resets and moves the rear bearing housing 8 and the rear end flange 11 towards the rear end. Throughout the process, the preload force of the rear bearing assembly 9 is constant, which enhances the service life of the rear bearing assembly 9. The advantage of arranging the constant pressure preload spring 7 at the front end of the rear bearing assembly 9 is that the rear bearing housing 6 can directly apply the elongation and shortening state of the rear bearing assembly 9 to the constant pressure preload spring 7.

[0067] In some implementations...

[0068] A cooling groove 10-3 is provided on the radial inner peripheral wall of the rear end seat 10 opposite to the rear bearing seat 8. The cooling groove 10-3 is a groove formed on the radial inner peripheral wall of the rear end seat 10 in a radially outward direction.

[0069] A floating spindle cutting structure has been proposed in related technologies. This scheme allows the entire floating cylinder to move inside the cylinder seat cover. However, the contact area between the cylinder seat cover and the cylinder body of the floating cylinder is small, which affects the stability of the spindle during the floating cutting process. At the same time, the motor wire passes through the second outlet hole in the bearing outer seat, which increases the thickness of the bearing outer seat and results in a thinner rear bearing seat, affecting the spindle rigidity.

[0070] This disclosure increases the thickness of the rear bearing housing within a limited space by placing the cooling grooves on the radial inner wall of the rear bearing housing instead of the outer peripheral wall of the rear bearing housing, thereby improving the rigidity of the rear bearing housing and enhancing the support stability of the rear bearing.

[0071] In some implementations...

[0072] It also includes a floating stator 18, at least a portion of which is located on the inner periphery of the pipe disc 17 and on the outer periphery of the rear axle core end cover 16. The floating stator 18 has a through channel 181 extending from its radial outer periphery to its radial inner periphery. The radial inner periphery of the through channel 181 communicates with the receiving cavity 161, and the radial outer periphery of the through channel 181 communicates with the water outlet 14-1 on the water baffle ring 14.

[0073] This disclosure also utilizes a floating stator with a conductive channel to effectively connect the receiving cavity at the upper end of the rear shaft core cover with the water outlet hole on the water baffle ring, forming a drainage channel and improving the waterproof sealing effect on the motor at the lower end of the main shaft structure.

[0074] In some implementations...

[0075] It also includes a floating cylinder 21, which is located at the axial upper end of at least a portion of the structure of the floating stator 18, and the pipe plate 17 includes a limiting ring 17-3 extending to the outer periphery of the floating cylinder 21, such that the outer periphery of the floating cylinder 21 can be completely surrounded by the pipe plate 17.

[0076] This disclosure also improves the stability of the floating cylinder during movement by extending the limiting ring on the pipeline plate to the outer periphery of the floating cylinder to completely surround the outer periphery of the floating cylinder.

[0077] In some implementations...

[0078] The lower axial end of the floating stator 18 extends radially inward to the lower part of the structure of the rear shaft end cover 16, forming a cutter ring 18-1. When the floating cylinder 21 floats, the cutter ring 18-1 can contact the lower end of the rear shaft end cover 16 to form a limit.

[0079] This disclosure utilizes a puller ring structure extending radially inward from below the floating stator to the rear axle core end cover, which enables axial positioning between the floating stator and the rear axle core end cover. Since the floating stator is fixedly connected to the floating cylinder, it can offset most of the reaction force on the bearing when the floating cylinder floats, thereby improving the motion stability of the floating cylinder.

[0080] The water-retaining ring added to the rear end of the spindle provided in this disclosure allows the spindle motor output cable to pass through the rear bearing housing and then through the water-retaining ring, making the spindle parts easier to machine and achieving a waterproof function at the rear end. The relatively enclosed structure of the floating cutter of the spindle provides a large contact area between the floating cylinder and the pipeline plate when the hydraulic cylinder floats, while preventing external dust, moisture and other impurities from entering the floating surface, making the operation of the floating cutter of the spindle more stable. The thickening of the rear bearing housing in the limited space can enhance the rigidity of the rear bearing, while the structure of the rear end of the spindle is more compact.

[0081] In some implementations...

[0082] At least a portion of the structure of the pipe plate 17 is located at the upper axial end of at least a portion of the structure of the floating stator 18, and a return spring 19 is provided between the axially opposite portions of the two, with the return spring hole 18-3 of the return spring 19 located on the floating stator 18.

[0083] The floating cylinder 21 of this disclosure is fixed to the cylinder cover 23. The piston 22 is installed in the cavity formed by the floating cylinder 21 and the cylinder cover 23 to form a cylinder assembly. The axial limiting method of the cylinder assembly is through the contact between the cylinder cover and the end face of the limiting ring 17-3 on the pipe plate 17, and through the limiting of the return spring 19 on the floating stator 18 and the pipe plate. The cylinder assembly can move axially on the pipe plate 17 through the floating cylinder 21. Two sealing rings are provided between the floating cylinder 21 and the pipe plate 17. The rotary joint 24 is installed on the cylinder cover 23. The floating stator 18 is located below the cylinder assembly and is directly fixed by screws on the cylinder cover 23 through the floating cylinder 21. The sensing disk 20 of the cylinder assembly, the floating stator, and the rotary joint is installed at the rear end of the tie rod and at the front end of the cylinder assembly. When the spindle is cutting, the piston 22 moves forward and contacts the sensing disk 20. The piston 22 pushes the sensing disk 20 and... The pull rod assembly 4 moves forward to remove the tool. As the piston 22 moves forward, the floating cylinder 21 and cylinder cover 23 are subjected to a reaction force, causing the floating cylinder 21, cylinder cover 23, rotary joint 24, and floating stator 18 to move backward, so that the cutter ring 18-1 contacts the rear shaft end cover 16. At this time, the return spring 19 on the floating stator 18 is compressed, which cancels the forward movement force of the shaft brought by the pull rod assembly, so that the bearing on the shaft is not stressed. At this time, the return spring 19 on the floating stator 18 is compressed. When the spindle tool removal is completed, the piston 22 returns to its original position. The compressed return spring rebounds, causing the floating stator 18, floating cylinder 21, cylinder cover 23, and rotary joint 24 to move forward until the cylinder cover 23 contacts the limiting ring 17-3 on the pipeline plate 17 and stops moving. At this time, the cutter ring 18-1 on the floating stator 18 separates from the rear shaft end cover 16, completing the floating tool movement of the spindle.

[0084] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this disclosure and is not intended to limit this disclosure. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this disclosure should be included within the protection scope of this disclosure. The above description is only a preferred embodiment of this disclosure. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of this disclosure, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the protection scope of this disclosure.

Claims

1. A spindle structure, comprising: The assembly includes a pipe disc (17), a rear end seat (10), a shaft core (3), a water-retaining ring (14), and a rear shaft core end cap (16). The rear end seat (10) is located on the outer periphery of at least a portion of the shaft core (3). The pipe disc (17) and the rear end seat (10) are axially spaced apart. The water-retaining ring (14) is also provided between the pipe disc (17) and the rear end seat (10). At least a portion of the structure of the water-retaining ring (14) is located on at least a portion of the shaft core (3). The rear axle core end cap (16) is located on the upper axial end of the shaft core (3) on the outer periphery of the substructure. The upper end of the rear axle core end cap (16) has a receiving cavity (161). The water baffle ring (14) is provided with a water outlet hole (14-1). The water outlet hole (14-1) is located below the receiving cavity (161) and can communicate with the receiving cavity (161) so that the water in the receiving cavity (161) can be discharged to the outside of the main shaft structure through the water outlet hole (14-1).

2. The spindle structure according to claim 1, wherein: The inner radial end of the water-blocking ring (14) extends radially inward by a first preset length and then extends radially inward by a second preset length towards the rear axle core end cap (16) to form a water-blocking platform (14-3). The rear axle core end cap (16) has a recessed rear locking ring groove (16-2) on the surface opposite to the end of the water-blocking platform (14-3) in a direction away from the water-blocking platform (14-3). The end of the water-blocking platform (14-3) can be inserted into the rear locking ring groove (16-2) to form a snap-fit.

3. The spindle structure according to claim 2, wherein: The water-blocking ring (14) includes a first segment extending radially inward for a first preset length and a second segment extending axially upward at the radially inner end of the first segment for a second preset length. The rear locking ring groove (16-2) is a groove extending axially upward from the lower end face of the rear axle core end cover (16).

4. The spindle structure according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein: The water-blocking ring (14) has a fourth outlet hole (14-2), and the pipe plate (17) has a fifth outlet hole (17-2). The fourth outlet hole (14-2) is located below the fifth outlet hole (17-2) and communicates with the fifth outlet hole (17-2). The fourth outlet hole (14-2) and the water outlet hole (14-1) are located at different circumferential positions on the water-blocking ring (14), so that the motor lead wire can pass through the fourth outlet hole (14-2) and the fifth outlet hole (17-2) in sequence, and then be led upward through the fifth outlet hole (17-2).

5. The spindle structure according to claim 4, wherein: It also includes a rear bearing housing (8) and a rear flange (11). The rear bearing housing (8) is located on the inner periphery of the rear bearing housing (10) and on the outer periphery of a portion of the shaft core (3). The rear flange (11) is located on the inner periphery of the rear bearing housing (10) and on the outer periphery of a portion of the shaft core (3). The rear flange (11) is located at the axial upper end of the rear bearing housing (8). The rear bearing housing (8) has a second cable outlet hole (8-1). The rear flange (11) has a third cable outlet hole (11-1). The rear bearing housing (10) also has a first cable outlet hole (11-1) located below the second cable outlet hole (8-1). The wire hole (10-2), the first wire outlet hole (10-2), the second wire outlet hole (8-1) and the third wire outlet hole (11-1) are all arranged opposite each other along the axial direction. The upper part of the third wire outlet hole (11-1) communicates with the fourth wire outlet hole (14-2). The motor is located below the first wire outlet hole (10-2). The motor lead wire can be led out from the motor, pass upward through the first wire outlet hole (10-2), the second wire outlet hole (8-1), the third wire outlet hole (11-1), the fourth wire outlet hole (14-2) and the fifth wire outlet hole (17-2) in sequence, and then lead out from the top of the pipe plate (17).

6. The spindle structure according to claim 5, wherein: It also includes a constant pressure preload spring (7), the rear end seat (10) has a spring retainer (10-1) extending to the axial lower end of the rear bearing seat (8), the axial lower end of the rear bearing seat (8) is provided with a spring hole (8-2) in a direction away from the spring retainer (10-1), and the constant pressure preload spring (7) is disposed in the spring hole (8-2).

7. The spindle structure according to claim 5, wherein: A cooling groove (10-3) is provided on the radial inner peripheral wall of the rear end seat (10) opposite to the rear bearing seat (8). The cooling groove (10-3) is a groove formed on the radial inner peripheral wall of the rear end seat (10) in a radially outward direction.

8. The spindle structure according to any one of claims 1-7, wherein: It also includes a floating stator (18), at least a portion of which is located on the inner periphery of the pipe disc (17) and on the outer periphery of the rear axle core end cap (16). The floating stator (18) is provided with a conductive channel (181) that extends from the radial outer periphery of the floating stator (18) to its radial inner periphery. The radial inner periphery of the conductive channel (181) is connected to the receiving cavity (161), and the radial outer periphery of the conductive channel (181) is connected to the water outlet (14-1) on the water baffle ring (14).

9. The spindle structure according to claim 8, wherein: It also includes a floating cylinder (21) located at the axial upper end of at least a portion of the structure of the floating stator (18), and the pipe disc (17) includes a limiting ring (17-3) extending to the outer periphery of the floating cylinder (21) such that the outer periphery of the floating cylinder (21) can be completely surrounded by the pipe disc (17).

10. The spindle structure according to claim 9, wherein: The lower axial end of the floating stator (18) extends radially inward to the lower part of the structure of the rear axle core end cover (16), forming a cutter ring (18-1). When the floating cylinder (21) floats, the cutter ring (18-1) can contact the lower end of the rear axle core end cover (16) to form a limit.

11. The spindle structure according to claim 9, wherein: At least a portion of the structure of the pipe disc (17) is located at the upper axial end of at least a portion of the structure of the floating stator (18), and a return spring (19) is provided between the axially opposite portions of the two, with the return spring hole (18-3) of the return spring (19) located on the floating stator (18).

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