The invention discloses an ionic liquid functionalized organic polymerized monolithic column and a preparation method thereof. The monolithic column is synthesized by polymerizing a nucleophilic reagent, a protonizable reagent, an ionic liquid reagent containing nucleophilic group and a catalyst in one step, the nucleophilic reagent is a urea solution, the protonizable reagent is a formaldehyde solution, and room-temperature ionic liquid is N-acetyl-1-aminopropyl-3-methylimidazole bromide ionic liquid. Components are polymerized in a capillary tube in situ in one step based on polymerization. The imidazole bromide ionic liquid is connected into an upper urea formaldehyde resin matrix, and a quick preparation method of the ionic liquid functionalized monolithic column is provided. The monolithic column has different separation modes like hydrophilic interaction, hydrogen bond interaction, ion exchange / ion exclusion effect and pi-pi action on a same chromatographic column, is wide in separation object range and can meet requirements on efficient continuous separation of various compounds which are anionic, cationic, neutral and polar.